人教选择性必修三Unit 1 Part 2 Learning About Language & Using Language分层练习（含解析）

Part 2　Learning About Language & Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.A war m　　　　 was built in memory of the soldiers who were killed in the war.
2.I'm writing to express my sincere thanks for your constructive 　　　　(批评).
3.To develop the economy, in the early years our country encouraged foreign 　　　　(投资).
4.Most 　　　　(雕像) that this famous 　　　　(雕塑家) has created for the past five years are full of life and energy.
5.The impressive 　　　　(永久的) collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.He gave a great performance on the stage, but he behaved very 　　　　　(humble).
2.To meet customers' demands, the cars should be 　　　　　(visual) attractive as well as comfortable.
3.(易错题)There is no doubt that his paintings are a realistic 　　　　　(represent) of his life experiences and values.
4.When the answer was no, she　　　　　(decline) the invitation.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.One of the goals of education is 　　　　　(develop) a fine personality in children.
2.Her present job is 　　　　　(teach) English in a remote village, which is very rewarding.
3.What you need to do is 　　　　　(treat) your body better and live more healthily than before.
4.My dream is 　　　　　(admit) to a key university and make contributions to our society in the future.
5.The main purpose of this activity is 　　　　　(let) more people understand the importance of learning Chinese.
题型(二)
1.我认为最难的事情之一可能是谢绝别人的邀请。(decline)
I think one of the hardest things might be 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
2.当你面临进退两难的困境的时候,我的建议是跟随你的内心。
When you are faced with a dilemma, my advice is　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
3.李明的愿望是成为偏远多山地区的支教教师。
Li Ming's wish is 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the remote mountainous areas.
4.这些学生表演这首歌曲的意图是表达对老师们的真诚的祝福。(convey)
The students' intention of performing this song is 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 to their teachers.
5.获得好名声的最好方法就是对社会做出巨大的贡献。(gain)
The best way 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 is 　　　　 　　　　 great contributions to society.
6.他唯一的愿望就是在期末考试中取得第一名,让他的父母为他感到骄傲。(rank)
The only thing that he desired was　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the final exam and let his parents 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 him.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Before the camera was invented, the natural world was recorded in paintings and sketches(素描) by artists like John James Audubon.
As a boy growing up in France, Audubon loved the woods and enjoyed hanging out in the wild, collecting avian(鸟类的) curiosities—bird nests and eggs—and made simple drawings. After a period of failed service in the navy, his father sent him to America.
While his father hoped his curious son would make something of himself in mining or some other enterprises, John Audubon was consumed with the natural world. He encountered young Lucy Bakewell, who was also enthusiastic about the natural world. Soon, the two fell in love with each other and got married.
Awakened by the need to provide for his wife and children, Audubon tried his hand as a store owner yet failed. His next business also failed. Then he learned fishing from his friend and earned a living by selling fishes. But he got into debt soon. When Audubon paid his debts off, he decided to follow his original passion. He set off into the wilderness, carrying little more than some basic necessities and drawing materials. There, at last, he found his calling in life.
Audubon usually stayed for months at a time in the wilderness, rising long before dawn to observe and returning in full light to paint all afternoon. At one point, he lost over 200 drawings, his entire collection, when rats found their way into his cabin and chewed them up. Again, he started over, just like how he reacted to business failures. After 14 years of tramping in the wilderness with his pen and ink, he had his collection of drawings. But avian drawings were slow to catch on in America. Still, he refused to give up. He earned enough to pay for the passage to Europe to take his chances there.
Fortunately, he was well received in England. His 435 original works came to be known as the greatest picture book ever created:The Birds of America. Eventually, John Audubon opened our minds not only to the beauty around us but also to the beauty of possibilities—if we just keep trying.
1.What do we know about Audubon as a little boy
A.He wanted to join the navy.　　　
B.He showed interest in photography.
C.He was deeply attracted by wild birds.　　　
D.He enjoyed reading books on ecology.
2.Why did Audubon try different enterprises before setting off into the wilderness
A.To follow his father's dream.　　　
B.To support his newly formed family.
C.To learn from other businessmen.　　　
D.To gain financial support for his passion.
3.How did Audubon probably feel after losing all his drawings
A.Angry and pitiful.　　　B.Stuck and puzzled.
C.Determined and hopeful.　　　D.Discouraged and hesitant.
4.What do we know about Audubon from paragraph 5
A.His attempts to learn drawing.　　　
B.His experiences in the wilderness.
C.His appreciation of natural scenery.　　　
D.His efforts to pursue his artistic career.
Ⅱ.七选五
Art comes in two main categories:realistic and abstract. Realistic art aims to show real-life scenes, people, and objects precisely as they appear. It involves paying close attention to details, making things look like photographs. 　1　. It's more about expressing feelings, emotions, and ideas.
Realistic art is easy to understand. Viewers can easily recognize what is portrayed. Take Mona Lisa for example—it's a realistic painting of a lady with a mysterious smile. 　2　, helping us to learn about the past.
Unlike realistic art, abstract art is more about being creative. 　3　. They use shapes, colors and patterns to express feelings and ideas. Abstract art means different things to different people. Some people are fond of trying to figure out what the artwork conveys.
　4　. Realistic art needs precision in drawing or sculpting to make things look real. Abstract art requires imagination to use shapes and colors in new ways. Many artists are skilled in both. They create realistic pieces to demonstrate their technical skills and abstract ones to display their creativity.
As for personal preference, some people prefer the clear stories of realistic art while others are attracted to the mystery of abstract art, interpreting meanings in the shapes and forms. Together, the two kinds of art make the art world diverse and engaging. 　5　.
A.Both types of art need skills
B.Photographs preserve faces of folks from long ago
C.Grasping abstract art demands more artistic training
D.Both ways of creating art have their own value and beauty
E.In contrast, abstract art focuses less on realistic appearances
F.Artworks like this tell stories about history and everyday life
G.Artists have the freedom to go beyond real-life representations
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
As the saying goes, “Interest is the seed of everything.” Since childhood, Cantero had been living with football that had a　1　 effect on her. She had always loved football as well as art, and fortunately she found a way to 　2　 the two things.
Lili Cantero prepared a new colorful show of her works to take to the World Cup in Qatar. The 29-year-old artist was famous for 　3　 soccer shoes for stars. Her new artworks included shoes and balls with pictures and designs. Many of them were 　4　 by the Middle Eastern nation, Qatar, and especially its capital Doha brought her lots of 　5　 ideas. The city welcomed national teams from the world to 　6　 in the World Cup.
Cantero　7　 sent a pair of shoes to the Argentine star Lionel Messi. The shoes had fancy details with the black and white image of the 　8　 and his family. She didn't know if Messi would even receive the shoes. But 　9　, she received a photo of Messi holding them. That marked a turning point in her 　10　. Then her colorful designs 　11　 other stars. She even met a famous former Brazilian star and gave him a pair of 　12　 and a football showing a kiss his mother had given him after winning an award in 2005.
In Qatar, Cantero planned to show eight footballs with designs that showed her　13　 for eight countries winning the World Cup, thinking that they were 　14　 of the admiration of all. Finally, the footballs were the centerpiece of the World Cup exhibition, while the football boots were presented within three-dimensional 　15　 looking like the stadiums that Qatar built for the World Cup.
1.A.slight　　　B.limited
C.significant　　　D.contemporary
2.A.compare　　　B.explain
C.investigate　　　D.connect
3.A.making　　　B.painting
C.purchasing　　　D.donating
4.A.inspired　　　B.checked
C.sponsored　　　D.arranged
5.A.narrow　　　B.conventional
C.novel　　　D.literary
6.A.turn　　　B.compete
C.speak　　　D.explore
7.A.still　　　B.never
C.often　　　D.ever
8.A.artist　　　B.judge
C.player　　　D.photographer
9.A.in surprise　　　B.in vain
C.on time　　　D.on hand
10.A.plan　　　B.career
C.team　　　D.stadium
11.A.confused　　　B.hurt
C.changed　　　D.drew
12.A.sweaters　　　B.glasses
C.shoes　　　D.socks
13.A.respect　　　B.insurance
C.debt　　　D.cost
14.A.aware　　　B.worthy
C.ignorant　　　D.suspicious
15.A.maps　　　B.rocks
C.movements　　　D.structures
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 1　ART
Part 2　Learning About Language &
Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.memorial　2.criticism　3.investment　4.sculptures;sculptor　5.permanent
Ⅱ.1.humbly　考查副词。句意:他在舞台上的表演很精彩,但他表现得很谦逊。设空处修饰前面的动词behaved,应用副词。故填humbly。
2.visually　考查副词。句意:为了满足客户的要求,轿车不仅应该舒适,视觉上也要有吸引力。设空处修饰形容词attractive,应用副词。visually attractive表示“视觉上有吸引力”。故填visually。
3.representation　考查名词。句意:毫无疑问,他的绘画是他的生活经历和价值观的真实描写。根据设空处前面的a realistic可知设空处应用名词;根据语境可知此处表示“描写;描绘”,representation符合语境。故填representation。
易错归因
本题容易错填representative。representative虽然也可用作名词,但其意为“代表”,一般指人,与本题的语境不符。
4.declined　考查动词的时态。句意:当回答是否定的时候,她谢绝了邀请。分析句子可知,设空处作主句的谓语,根据语境和从句的时态可知,主句应用一般过去时。故填declined。
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.to develop　考查动词不定式作表语。句意:教育的目标之一是培养孩子的优良个性。主语中含有goals,此处表示“One of the goals of education”的具体内容,应用动词不定式作表语。故填to develop。
2.teaching　考查动词-ing形式作表语。句意:她目前的工作是在一个偏远的村庄教英语,这很有意义。设空处作表语,表示笼统的而非具体的动作,应用动词-ing形式。故填teaching。
3.(to) treat　考查动词不定式作表语。句意:你需要做的就是比以前更好地对待你的身体,活得更健康。设空处作表语,此处说明主语的具体内容,应用动词不定式作表语;主语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时,作表语的动词不定式可以省略不定式符号to。故填(to) treat。
4.to be admitted　考查动词不定式作表语。句意:我的梦想是将来被一所重点大学录取,为我们的社会做出贡献。设空处作表语,表示My dream的具体内容,应用动词不定式作表语;且此处表示“被大学录取”,需用不定式的被动形式。故填to be admitted。
5.to let　考查动词不定式作表语。句意:这个活动的主要目的是让更多人了解学习中文的重要性。主语中含有purpose,此处表示“The main purpose of this activity”的具体内容,应用动词不定式作表语。故填to let。
题型(二)
1.to decline others' invitations　2.to follow your heart　3.to become a volunteer teacher　4.to convey sincere wishes　5.to gain a good reputation;to make　6.to rank first;be proud of
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了艺术家John James Audubon的生平,他通过绘画来记录世界,不仅让我们看到了周围的美景,也让我们看到另一种可能性——只要我们不断尝试,就能发现美好。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As a boy growing up in France, Audubon loved the woods and enjoyed hanging out in the wild, collecting avian curiosities—bird nests and eggs—and made simple drawings.”可知,Audubon小时候喜欢树林,喜欢在野外闲逛,喜欢收集鸟类的奇物,比如鸟巢和鸟蛋,所以小时候的Audubon被野生鸟类深深吸引。故选C。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Awakened by the need to provide for his wife and children”可知,Audubon意识到自己需要养活妻子和孩子,所以Audubon尝试不同的事业是为了养活自己新组建的家庭。故选B。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Again, he started over, just like how he reacted to business failures. After 14 years of tramping in the wilderness...But avian drawings were slow to catch on in America. Still, he refused to give up.”可知,在Audubon失去他所有的画之后,他选择重新开始,并不辞辛劳长途跋涉专心绘画,并未放弃。由此可推断,Audubon的内心无比坚定并充满希望。故选C。
4.D　主旨大意题。第五段中提到了Audubon去野外作画的具体过程和经历失败之后的重新振作,这些都是他为了追求自己的艺术梦想所做的努力。故选D。
【高频词汇】　1.hang out常去某处;泡在某处
2.enthusiastic adj.热情的　3.provide for提供生活所需
4.try one's hand初试身手　5.pay sth. off付清;偿清　6.original adj.起初的;最早的　7.start over重新开始　8.catch on流行起来　9.take one's chances碰运气
【熟词生义】　1.curiosity n.奇物;珍品　2.calling n.职业;事业　3.passage n.(乘船的)航程,旅程
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了两种艺术形式——现实主义艺术和抽象派艺术各自的特点。
1.E　过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语意结构为:现实主义艺术涉及对细节的密切关注,使事物看起来像照片一样。→　1　→它更多的是表达感觉、情感和想法。结合常识可知,表达感觉、情感和想法的应该是抽象派艺术。E项“相比之下,抽象派艺术较少关注现实的外观”承上启下,“In contrast”可与上文构成对比关系,上下文衔接紧密。故选E。
2.F　过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语意结构为:以《蒙娜丽莎》为例,这是一幅现实主义画,画的是一位带着神秘微笑的女士。→　2　→帮助我们了解过去。F项“像这样的艺术作品讲述了历史和日常生活的故事”承上启下,符合语境,F项中的“this”指代上文中的“Mona Lisa”。故选F。
3.G　细节句。设空处上一句提到,与现实主义艺术不同,抽象派艺术更注重创造性。G项“艺术家有超越现实生活表现的自由”承接上文,继续说明抽象派艺术与现实主义艺术的不同,符合语境。故选G。
4.A　主旨句。设空处位于段首,应该是本段的主旨句。本段讲到,现实主义艺术需要精确地绘画或雕刻,使事物看起来真实;抽象派艺术需要想象力,以新的方式使用形状和颜色。由此可知,本段讲的核心内容是两种艺术各自需要的技巧和艺术家们对两种艺术的应用。A项“这两种类型的艺术都需要技巧”是对本段内容的概括总结。故选A。
5.D　细节句。设空处上一句提到,这两种艺术共同使艺术世界多样化和引人入胜。D项“两种艺术的创作方式有着各自的价值和美”承接上文,是对上文的补充说明。故选D。
【高频词汇】　1.scene n.场景　2.involve v.涉及;包括
3.portray v.描绘;表现　4.figure out搞清楚;弄明白
5.be skilled in擅长……　6.demonstrate v.表现;说明　7.display v.展示;显示　8.preference n.偏爱;爱好;喜爱
9.interpret v.诠释;领会　10.engaging adj.迷人的;吸引人的
【熟词生义】　piece n.作品;艺术品
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了艺术家坎特罗把足球和美术联系起来为明星在足球鞋和足球上作画的故事。
1.C　考查形容词。根据下文“She had always loved football as well as art, and fortunately she found a way to 　2　 the two things.”可知,坎特罗热爱足球,说明足球对她产生了重大影响。slight轻微的;limited有限的;significant重大的;contemporary当代的。故选C。
2.D　考查动词。根据上文“She had always loved football as well as art”和下文“The 29-year-old artist was famous for 　3　 soccer shoes for stars. Her new artworks included shoes and balls with pictures and designs.”可知,坎特罗把足球和美术联系了起来,在球鞋和足球上作画。compare比较;explain解释;investigate调查;connect连接。故选D。
3.B　考查动词。根据下文“Cantero 　7　 sent a pair of shoes to the Argentine star Lionel Messi. The shoes had fancy details with the black and white image of the 　8　 and his family.”可知,此处指坎特罗以为明星在足球鞋上作画而闻名。make制作;paint画;purchase购买;donate捐赠。故选B。
4.A　考查动词。主语“Many of them”指代上文“Her new artworks”,结合常识和下文“especially its capital Doha brought her lots of 　5　 ideas”可推断,此处指坎特罗的许多艺术作品受到中东国家卡塔尔的启发。inspire赋予灵感,启发思考;check检查;sponsor赞助;arrange安排。故选A。
5.C　考查形容词。根据空后的“ideas”和下文“The city welcomed national teams from the world to 　6　 in the World Cup.”可推断,举办世界杯的多哈给坎特罗带来新奇的想法。narrow狭窄的;conventional依照惯例的;novel新颖的;literary文学的。故选C。
6.B　考查动词。根据上文“national teams from the world”和下文“the World Cup”可知,此处指来自世界各地的国家队参加世界杯赛。turn转动;compete参加比赛;speak谈话;explore探讨。故选B。
7.D　考查副词。根据下文“She didn't know if Messi would even receive the shoes. But 　9　, she received a photo of Messi holding them.”可知,坎特罗给球星梅西送球鞋是已经发生了的事情。still仍然;never决不;often常常;ever曾经。故选D。
8.C　考查名词。根据上文“Cantero　7　 sent a pair of shoes to the Argentine star Lionel Messi.”和本句中的“image of the 　8　 and his family”可推断,球鞋上画的是梅西和他的家人。artist艺术家;judge法官;player运动员;photographer摄影师。故选C。
9.A　考查介词短语。根据上文“She didn't know if Messi would even receive the shoes.”和下文“she received a photo of Messi holding them”可知,坎特罗最初不确定梅西是否能收到球鞋,但最后她收到梅西发来的照片,这令她感到惊讶。in surprise惊讶地;in vain徒劳;on time准时;on hand现有。故选A。
10.B　考查名词。结合上文“she received a photo of Messi holding them”和下文“Then her colorful designs 　11　 other stars.”可知,在得到球星梅西的肯定后,坎特罗开始给更多的球星画球鞋,这是她的事业的转折点。plan计划;career事业;team队,小组;stadium体育场。故选B。
11.D　考查动词。根据空前的“colorful designs”可推断,她多彩的设计吸引了其他球星。confuse使糊涂;hurt使受伤;change改变;draw吸引。故选D。
12.C　考查名词。根据上文可知,坎特罗为球星在足球鞋上作画,所以她送的是“一双鞋”。sweater毛衣;glasses眼镜;shoe鞋;sock袜子。故选C。
13.A　考查名词。根据下文“eight countries winning the World Cup”可知,这八个国家赢得世界杯赛,所以要展示的是对它们的敬意。respect尊重,敬意;insurance保险;debt欠款;cost价钱。故选A。
14.B　考查形容词。根据上文“eight countries winning the World Cup”可知,这八个国家赢得世界杯赛,所以它们值得钦佩。aware知道的;worthy值得……的;ignorant无知的;suspicious怀疑的。故选B。
15.D　考查名词。根据下文“looking like the stadiums”可推断,此处指的是三维结构。map地图;rock岩石;movement运动;structure结构。故选D。
【高频词汇】　1.have a(n)...effect on...对……有……影响　2.as well as和　3.fortunately adv.幸运地
4.include v.包括　5.design n.设计　6.fancy adj.精致的
7.detail n.细节　8.admiration n.钦佩
【差距词汇】　turning point n.转折点;转机
长难句
原句　Finally, the footballs were the centerpiece of the World Cup exhibition, while the football boots were presented within three-dimensional structures looking like the stadiums that Qatar built for the World Cup.
分析　本句为并列复合句,while连接两个并列分句,表示对比。在第二个分句中,现在分词短语looking like the stadiums作后置定语,修饰three-dimensional structures;that引导定语从句,修饰the stadiums。
译文　最终,这些足球成了世界杯展览的最重要的一环,而足球鞋则在三维结构中展示,这些结构看起来像卡塔尔为世界杯建造的体育场。
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