Unit 2 Onwards and upwards单元精讲精练课件-外研版选择性必修第一册

(共46张PPT)
　　When the funds are low and the debts are high当资金紧缺而债台高筑时 (教材P17)
情景导学
Being in heavy debt caused Sandra so much stress, but with hard work, she is out of debt now.负
债累累给桑德拉带来了很大的压力,但通过努力工作,她现在已经摆脱了债务。
I can guarantee that he will pay off the debt in two months.我可以保证他会在两个月之内还清
债务。
I’ll always be in your debt for all the help you’ve given me.对于你给予我的一切帮助,我将永
知识 清单破
高频词汇精讲
词汇1 debt n.[C]债务,欠款;人情债[U]负债
高频词汇 情境破
远不胜感激。写作·感谢信
用法归纳
①be 　　 debt/out of debt欠债/摆脱债务
②get/fall/run into debt 陷入债务
③pay　　 the debt 还清债务
④be 　　 sb.’s debt (=owe a debt of gratitude to sb.) 欠某人的人情债;受某人的恩惠
in
off
in
Don’t give up though the pace seems slow尽管速度似乎很慢,但不要放弃(教材P17)
情景导学
Live life at your own pace; there is no need to rush or slow down for the expectations of others.按
照你自己的节奏生活;没有必要为了别人的期望而匆忙或放慢脚步。
It’s important for a company to keep pace with changes in the market.对于一家公司来说,跟上
市场的变化是很重要的。
She paced up and down, waiting for the phone to ring.她踱来踱去,等着电话响。读后续写·动作
描写
词汇2 pace n.速度;进度 v.(尤因紧张)踱步,在……走来走去;(比赛中)控制速度;调整自己的生活节奏
用法归纳
名　①at a steady/gentle/rapid pace以稳定的/徐缓的/快的速度
②　　 one’s own pace按照某人自己的节奏
③keep pace (　　 sb./sth.)(与某人/某物)并驾齐驱;(与某人/某物)步调一致
动　④pace up and down踱来踱去
at
with

　　“We regret to inform you...”“我们遗憾地通知你……” (教材P18)
情景导学
I’m sorry to inform you that I can’t go out with you this weekend.我很抱歉地通知你,这个周末
我不能和你出去。写作·通知信
I’d appreciate it if you could inform me of/about your arrival time in advance.如果你能提前通
知我你的到达时间,我将不胜感激。写作·邀请信
词汇3 mood n.心情,情绪;气氛,氛围
用法归纳
①inform sb. that... 通知/告知某人……
②inform sb. 　 　 sth.通知/告知某人某事
特别提醒
常用的“v.+sb.+of sth.”结构还有:
remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事
warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事
rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人的某物
accuse sb. of sth.因某事控告/指责某人
词汇拓展
①informed adj.见多识广的,有学问的,有见识的
of/about
be well informed of/about充分了解……
keep sb. informed of...随时让某人了解……
The rapid development of We Media keeps us informed of news around the world.自媒体的快
速发展让我们随时了解世界各地的新闻。
②information n.[U]信息;消息
　　So, it seems that talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee success.所以,仅仅有天赋似乎是不
足以保证成功的。 (教材P20)
情景导学
In the teacher’s office, Roy returned the money to Mrs Smith, and guaranteed not to do such
things again.在老师的办公室里,罗伊把钱还给了史密斯夫人,并保证不再做这种事。
I’m sure this kind of behaviour is guaranteed to make him angry.我确信这种行为肯定会让他生
气。
All the products that you have bought in our store will be repaired for free if they are still under
guarantee.您在本店购买的所有产品,如仍在保修期内,将被免费修理。
词汇4 guarantee v.保证;确保 n.保证,担保;保修单
用法归纳
动　①guarantee sb. sth.向某人保证某事
②guarantee (not) 　　 sth.保证(不)做某事
③be 　 　 to do sth.肯定会做某事,必定会做某事
名　④　　 guarantee在保修期内
to do　
guaranteed
under
　　Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you...”不
断尝试,最终你会读到这些话:“我们高兴地通知你……” (教材P20)
情景导学
I am delighted to hear that you are going to learn Chinese and I m writing to give you some tips
that would help you grasp the language faster.我很高兴听说你将要学习中文,我写信给你一些
技巧,帮助你更快地掌握这门语言。写作·学习建议
Jenny said she was delighted with/by/at her new home though it was small.珍妮说她对自己的新
家很满意,尽管它很小。
词汇5 delighted adj.愉快的,高兴的
用法归纳
①be delighted 　　 sth.很高兴做某事
②be delighted 　　 　 sth.为某事/物感到高兴
③be delighted that...很高兴……
词汇拓展
①delight n.[C]使人高兴的事[U]高兴;愉快;快乐 vt.使愉快,使高兴
to sb.’s delight=to the delight of sb.使某人高兴的是
take delight in (doing) sth.以(做)某事为乐
with/in delight高兴地;愉快地
delight sb. with sth.用某物使某人高兴
To her great delight, her son came back one day before the Spring Festival.令她非常高兴的
to do　
with/by/at
是,她的儿子在春节前一天回来了。
She is a kind-hearted lady who always takes delight in helping others.她是一位心地善良的女
士,总是乐于助人。写作·人物介绍
②delightful adj.令人高兴的,令人愉快的
It is really delightful to see you are safe and sound.看到你安然无恙真是令人高兴。
　　Even though being a camper has its challenges, I feel it is worthwhile.尽管做一名露营者有
挑战,但我觉得这是值得的。 (教材P23)
情景导学
I do think it is worthwhile to be/being engaged in volunteering and I’m writing to invite you to
take part in it.我真的认为参与志愿服务是值得做的,我写信邀请你来参加。写作·邀请信
词汇6 worthwhile adj.重要的;值得做的
用法归纳
It is worthwhile 　 　　 sth.值得做某事
易混辨析
worth 意为“值……钱;值得……”,可作表语或后置定语,其后一定要有名词或动名词作宾语。常用于:①sth. be (well) worth doing=It is (well) worth doing sth.(非常)值得做某事,某事(非常)值得被做;②be worth sth.值得……
worthy 意为“应得的,值得的”,常作表语或定语,后接不定式、of加名词或动名词。常用于:①be worthy of sth.值得……的(常接抽象名词);②sth. be worthy of being done=sth. be worthy to be done某事值得被做
worthwhile 意为“值得做的”,可作定语、表语或宾补。常用于:It s worthwhile doing/to do sth.值得做某事
doing/to do
This idea is worth considering/consideration.=This idea is worthy of consideration.=This idea
is worthy of being considered/to be considered.=It is worthwhile considering/to consider this
idea.这个想法值得考虑。
With life being made up of ups and downs, it is not always easy to maintain a good and en-
thusiastic attitude.生活总有起起伏伏,保持一种良好而热情的态度并不总是容易的。 (教材
P24)
情景导学
Although my grandpa is retired, he is very enthusiastic about volunteer work.虽然我爷爷已经退
休了,但他非常热心于志愿者工作。
词汇7 enthusiastic adj.热心的,热衷的
用法归纳
be enthusiastic 　　 ...热心于……,对……充满热情
词汇拓展
①enthusiasm n.热情,热心
enthusiasm for sth.对某事的热情
with (great) enthusiasm满怀热情地
I am looking forward to starting a new study life, and I think I have prepared well with enthu-
siasm.我期待着开始新的学习生活,我想我已经充满热情地准备好了。写作·校园生活
②enthusiastically adv.热情地,热心地
③enthusiast n.热衷者;爱好者
about
　　Why are you so upset 你为什么如此心烦 (教材P25)
情景导学
You’re not still upset with me,are you 你不是还在生我的气吧
She was deeply upset about/at/by the way her father treated her.她为父亲对待她的方式而感到
非常难过。
It upset him that he upset a cup of coffee.让他心烦的是他打翻了一杯咖啡。
It upsets me to think of the little girl all alone in that big house.想到这个小女孩孤身一人在那所
大房子里,我就感到不舒服。
词汇8 upset adj.心烦意乱的,烦恼的 vt.使生气,使心烦意乱;打翻
用法归纳
形　①be upset 　　　 sth.为某事心烦/难过
②be upset 　　 sb.生某人的气
③be upset that...让人难过/心烦的是……
动　④It upset(s) sb. 　　 sth./that...做某事让某人心烦/让某人心烦的是……
⑤sb. upset(s) oneself about sth.某人为某事烦恼
情景助记
about/at/by　
with
to do

　　You ran for Head of the Student Committee but weren’t elected.你竞选学生会主席一职,但
是没被选上。 (教材P25)
情景导学
In recent years, a growing number of young people have elected to return to their hometowns to
start their own businesses.近年来,越来越多的年轻人选择回到家乡创业。
After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and sold most of
their furniture.1861年林肯当选美国总统后,他们出租了这个房子,并卖掉了他们大部分的家
具。(2021浙江)
词汇9 elect v.选举,推选;选择,决定
用法归纳
①elect 　　 sth.决定/选择做某事
②elect sb. (as)+职位 　　　 　 　 (职位前无冠词)
词汇拓展
election n.选举,推选;当选
win/lose an election当/落选,在选举中获胜/失败
vote in an/the election参加投票选举
to do　
选某人为……
　　Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of
sound.黑暗会使他更加感激视力,寂静能教会他声音的乐趣。 (教材 P26)
情景导学
I am very appreciative of all the support you’ve given me.我十分感激你给予我的所有支持。
写作·感谢信
词汇10 appreciative adj.感激的
用法归纳
be appreciative 　　 sth.感激某事物
词汇拓展
①appreciate v.欣赏;感谢;理解
appreciate (sb./sb.’s) doing sth.感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if...如果……我将不胜感激
I really appreciate having the chance to have a talk with you on this topic.我真的很感谢有机
会与您就这个话题进行讨论。
I’d appreciate it if you could take my invitation into consideration.如果你能考虑我的邀请,我
将不胜感激。写作·邀请信
②appreciation n.欣赏;感激
of
in appreciation of...作为对……的感谢
The company gave him a bonus in appreciation of his hard work.公司给了他一笔奖金,以感
谢他的辛勤工作。
　　I felt embarrassed, even though no one could see me.即使没人看见我,我也会觉得尴尬。
(教材P31)
情景导学
After hearing Sam’s words, the woman was embarrassed at/about what she had done.听到萨姆
的话后,这位女士对自己的所作所为感到尴尬。
He was very embarrassed to hear people speak so highly of him.听见人们对他的评价如此之高,
他感到很难为情。
词汇11 embarrassed adj.难堪的,尴尬的
用法归纳
①be embarrassed 　　 　 sth.对某事感到尴尬
②be embarrassed 　　　 sth.尴尬地做某事
词汇拓展
①embarrass v.使窘迫,使尴尬
②embarrassing adj.使人害羞的(或难堪的、惭愧的)
Walking across the campus with so many pairs of eyes on you can be very embarrassing.走在
校园里,有那么多双眼睛盯着你,是让人很尴尬的。
③embarrassment n.窘迫;愧疚;难堪
(much) to one’s embarrassment使某人(十分)尴尬的是
Much to his embarrassment, he failed the exam again.令他十分尴尬的是,他又一次考试失败
at/about　
to do
词汇 释义 用法& 拓展
rarely adv.很少,难得 rarely为否定副词,置于句首时,其后要使用部分倒装
rare adj.稀有的;罕见的;珍贵的
近　seldom adv.不常;很少,难得
overnight adv.突然,一下子;在夜间 adj.
晚上的;突然的 become a celebrity overnight 一下子成了名人
stay overnight at a friend s house 在朋友家过夜
an overnight success 一夜成名
高频词汇积累
rejection n.拒绝,否决 a rejection letter一封回绝信
reject v.拒绝接受;不予考虑
persevere v.锲而不舍,坚持不懈 perseverance n.[U]坚持不懈;不屈不挠的精神
criticism n.批评;指责 criticise v.批评;批判;挑剔;指责
criticise sb. for sth.因某事批评某人
endurance n.(忍)耐力 beyond endurance 无法容忍,忍无可忍
endure v.忍受,忍耐;持续
endurable adj.可忍耐的,可忍受的
enduring adj.持续的,持久的
outcome n.结果,后果 近　 result n.结果,成果,效果consequence n.结果,后果
blanket n.毯子,毛毯;厚层 v.覆盖,遮盖,盖住(生义) a blanket of snow厚厚的一层雪(2022全国乙)
be blanketed in snow 被雪覆盖
blessing n.幸事,幸运 It is a blessing that...幸运的是……,……是件好事
bless v.祝福
be blessed with幸运地享有……;有幸得到……
mere adj.仅仅,只不过 merely adv.仅仅;只不过
dawn n.黎明,破晓 from dawn till dusk 从早到晚,从黎明到黄昏
permanent adj.长久的;永久的 反　temporary adj.短暂的;暂时的;临时的
　　The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their
hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence.出版商给了反馈,作家急切地拆开来读,但读
到最后一句时,他们的心顿时沉了下去。 (教材 P18)
情景导学
A girl came in, books in her hand.一个女孩进来了,手里拿着书。
He hung his head again, his eyes filled with tears of shame.他再次低下头,眼里满是羞愧的泪
水。读后续写·动作、心理描写
The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book.我们四人同意
分工干,每人翻译全书的四分之一。
经典结构 情境破
结构1 独立主格结构
用法归纳
①构成:独立主格结构由两部分组成,前一部分是　　 或者代词,后一部分是非谓语动词(不
定式、现在分词、过去分词)、形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。
②功能:独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作　　 ,表时间、原因、条件、伴随等。
③特点:独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,一般用　　 与句子分开。
④独立主格结构的基本构成形式:
名词(代词)+现在分词(表示主动或正在进行的动作)
名词(代词)+过去分词(表示被动或已完成的动作)
名词(代词)+不定式(表示还未发生的动作)
名词(代词)+形容词/副词/名词/介词短语(用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)
名词
状语
逗号
Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you...” 不断
尝试,最终你会读到这些话“我们很高兴通知你……” (教材 P20)
情景导学
Embrace change, and you’ll understand that it’s a crucial part of growth.拥抱变化,你就会明白
它是成长的关键部分。读后续写·哲理句
Listen to the teacher carefully in class, or you can’t catch what he is saying.=If you don’t listen
to the teacher carefully in class, you can’t catch what he is saying.上课时仔细听老师讲课,否则
你听不懂他在说什么。
结构2 “祈使句+ 并列连词+ 陈述句”句型
用法归纳
①“祈使句+并列连词+陈述句”句型中,祈使句相当于一个　　 ,陈述句相当于一个结
果。
②“祈使句+and+陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是　　 关系。
③“祈使句+or/or else+陈述句”相当于“if引导的否定形式的条件状语从句+主句”。
结构拓展
　　“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型的两种变化形式:
①祈使句+破折号+陈述句
Try some of this juice—perhaps you ll like it.尝些这种果汁,也许你会喜欢的。
②名词词组+and+陈述句(其中的名词词组中通常含有more、 another、 further、earlier等词)
More effort, and you will succeed.再努力一些,你会成功的。
条件
顺承
Sentence 1
　　
长难句 图解
译文　出版商给了反馈,作家急切地拆开来读,但读到最后一句时,他们的心顿时沉了下
去。
并列
独立主格　
时间状语　
Sentence 2
译文　在共被拒绝了12次之后,一位出版商最终同意将她的第一本书印刷500本。正如我
们所知,《哈利·波特》在全球取得了成功,售出了4亿多本,并被翻译成70多种不同的语言。
非限制性定语　
过去分词　
Sentence 3
　
译文　最近,我问一个从林子里散步了许久回来的朋友观察到了什么。
定语
宾语
直接宾语
动词的-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语
一、只能接动词的-ing形式作宾语的词或短语
情景导学
Their answers also show that they dislike talking to others.他们的回答也表明他们不喜欢和别
人交谈。 (2021全国甲)
I dream of sailing around the world and leading a happy life.我梦想着航游世界,过上幸福的生
活。
Mary did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy preparing for her ex-
amination.昨天晚上玛丽没时间去参加音乐会,因为她正忙着为考试做准备。
I found it useless/no use arguing about it.我发现争论这件事没有用。
必备语法 清单破
用法归纳
1.动词的-ing形式常作某些动词(短语)的宾语,这类动词(短语)如下:考虑(consider)建议(sug-
gest/advise)厌(dislike)原谅(excuse/pardon);承认(admit)推迟(delay/put off)想不到(fancy);避免
(avoid)错过(miss)坚持(keep)练(practice);否认(deny)完成(finish)就欣赏(enjoy);禁止(forbid)想
象(imagine)才冒险(risk);不禁(can t help)介意(mind)准(allow/permit)避开(escape)。
2.一些以①　　 结尾的动词短语后常跟动词的-ing形式作宾语,这些动词短语包括:dream
of(梦想),care about(关心,在乎),insist on(坚持),think of(考虑,思考),aim at(旨在),set about(开
始),be used to(习惯于),get down to(开始干),lead to(导致),devote oneself to(献身于……),look
forward to(期待),stick to(坚持),pay attention to(注意)等。
3.有些固定搭配中只能用动词的-ing形式作宾语,常见的有:be good at(擅长),be interested in
(对……感兴趣),be busy doing sth.(忙着做某事),spend...(in) doing sth.(花费……做某事),be
介词
worth doing(值得做),have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth.(做某事有困难),waste time
(in) doing sth.(浪费时间做某事),have a good/hard time (in) doing sth.(高兴做某事/费了很大劲
做某事)等。其中,有些结构中的②　　 可以省略。
4.在有些结构中常用③　　 作形式宾语,动词的-ing形式作真正的宾语,置于后面,这类结构
有:
主语+ +it+ +doing sth.
特别提醒
advise、 allow、 permit、 forbid等动词后直接接动词的-ing形式作宾语,但如果后面有名
词、代词作宾语,则其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
介词
it
They don’t allow smoking in the office.他们不允许在办公室吸烟。
They don’t allow anyone to smoke in the office.他们不允许任何人在办公室吸烟。
二、只能接动词不定式作宾语的动词
情景导学
They managed to finish the work on time.他们设法按时完成了工作。
We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.我们约好在这里见面,但是她到现在
还没有露面。
I find it difficult to do the job well.我发现很难做好这份工作。
用法归纳
1.有些动词后只能跟动词④　　　　 作宾语,这类动词如下:同意(agree)提出(offer)做打算
(plan);要求(demand)答应(promise)来申请(apply);准备(prepare)决定(decide)遭拒绝(refuse);敢
于(dare)选择(choose)有希望(wish/hope/want/expect/long);不能做到(fail)莫假装(pretend);设法
做成(manage)决心(determine)强;恳求(beg)安排(arrange)又威胁(threaten);声称(claim)目标
(aim)不犹豫(hesitate)。
2.在有些结构中常用⑤　　 作形式宾语,动词不定式作真正的宾语,置于后面,这类结构为:
主语+动词(think/find/feel/consider/make/...)+it+宾语补足语+动词不定式。
三、既可跟动词的-ing形式又可跟动词不定式作宾语的动词(短语)
情景导学
They continued discussing/to discuss the plan after having a rest.休息了一会儿后,他们继续讨论
不定式
it
这个计划。
Don’t you remember telling me the story yesterday 难道你不记得昨天告诉我这个故事了吗
Please remember to give my best regards to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。
用法归纳
1.有些动词后既可跟动词的-ing形式又可跟动词不定式作宾语,且意义差别⑥　　 ,这类动
词有:begin、 start、 continue、 prefer、 like、 love、 hate等。
2.有些动词(短语)后既可跟动词的-ing形式又可跟动词不定式作宾语,且意义差别⑦　　 ,
这类动词(短语)有:




不大
很大


特别提醒
表示“需要”的动词want、need、require后跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于其后
跟动词不定式的被动式。
The roof needs repairing.=The roof needs to be repaired.屋顶需要修理了。
即时巩固讲
单句语法填空
1.(2023全国甲)New research shows that more than half of people are planning 　　　　
(make) the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done.
2.(2021全国乙)The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking
just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible 　　　　
(focus).
3.(2020天津)We can’t put off 　　　　 (buy) a new printer for our company. The one we
have doesn’t work.
4.Choose a couple of things you really enjoy 　　　　 (do) and focus on becoming great at
those things.
to make
to focus
buying
doing
5.Imagine 　　　　 (watch) your young kid’s excitement turn into sadness when none of his
friends go to his party.
watching