(共102张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Using language
NO 1
语法专区——落实“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观
NO 4
课时跟踪检测
目 录
NO 2
听说专区——在主题活动中提升语言技能
NO 3
新知学习/核心语言点集中释解
语法项目——复习名词性从句
No.1 语法专区/落实“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
背美文 Our first tip for starting a business is to choose a product or service that you find suitable. The fact that you have a passion for your idea① will make it much easier to motivate yourself. It is also important that it should fit your skills.②
续表
背美文 A second tip is to analyse your target market carefully to see if/whether it is worth entering③ , and if so, how you should run your business. The size of the market and its rate of growth are important factors to consider. How you can satisfy the needs of potential clients most effectively④ should be the focus of your business. You should also look through the business directory to see who your main competitors will be⑤ and find out how their businesses work⑥ . Our final tip is that you should consider⑦ whether you want to make your business a solo one or find one or two partners⑧ . Doing it alone can give you greater autonomy. On the other hand, partners can help plug the knowledge or skill gaps.
续表
悟语法 ①that引导同位语从句，解释说明the fact的内容；
②句首的It是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句；
③if/whether引导宾语从句，意为“是否”；
④How引导主语从句，且在从句中作方式状语；
⑤who引导宾语从句，且在从句中作表语；
⑥how引导宾语从句，且在从句中作状语；
⑦that引导表语从句，只起连接的作用；
⑧whether ... or ...引导宾语从句，意为“是……还是……”。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
名词性从句是在句中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句
1．that引导的主语从句
that引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，也没有词汇意义，但一般不可省略。
2．whether/if引导的主语从句
主语从句位于主句谓语动词前，连接词意为“是否”时，只能用whether。若用it作形式主语，则whether与if可互换。
3．连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句
连接代词包括who, whom, whose, what, whoever, whomever, whatever等；连接副词包括when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等。
4．it作形式主语的主语从句
有时为了保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
It isn't likely that I should accept such an offer as that.
我不可能接受像那样的帮助。
[对点练] (单句语法填空)
①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song “The Long and Winding Road”. _________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
②It is not a problem ___________ we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
What
whether/if
③It is possible _______ caffeine may cause birth defects (缺陷) in humans, too.
④Every year, _________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
⑤It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
that
whoever
that
二、宾语从句
1．that引导的宾语从句
that引导宾语从句时无词义，在从句中不作成分，口语中一般可以省略，但下列情况下不能省略：
(1)当that从句作介词的宾语时；
(2)动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略。
2．whether与if引导的宾语从句
whether与if引导宾语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，但有具体的含义，意为“是否”。在下列情况下只能用whether而不能用if：
(1)直接与or not连用时，只能用whether；
(2)介词后的宾语从句要用whether；
(3)与不定式连用时用whether。
3．连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句时既充当句子成分又有具体词义，且不可省略。
4．it作形式宾语的宾语从句
(1)一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。常见的这类动词有find, think, consider, believe, guess, suppose, make等。
He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜欢”或“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to, depend on, rely on等后面常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
[对点练] (单句语法填空)
①(2022·浙江1月高考) Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ____________ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed.
②The student completed this experiment to make come true______ Professor Joseph had said.
whether/if
what
③What students do at college seems to matter much more than ______ they go.
④I'm not sure ________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
⑤The gold medal will be awarded to _________wins the first place in the bicycle race.
⑥I didn't understand _______ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.
where
who
whoever
why
三、表语从句
1．连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句
连接代词和连接副词引导表语从句时既充当句子成分又有具体词义，且不可省略。
2．that, whether引导的表语从句
在表语从句中，that无词义，一般不能省略；whether意为“是否”。
3．as if/though引导的表语从句，有时可用虚拟语气
The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if/though a great black blanket had been thrown over it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整座城市，好像一条巨大的黑色毯子覆盖在它的上面。
4．because, why引导的表语从句
[对点练] (单句语法填空)
①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is ________ they need an English trainer.
②This is _______ my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
why
what
③Without his support, we wouldn't be ________ we are now.
④He kept yawning in class this morning. That was ___________ he stayed up late watching the basketball game last night.
⑤The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _______ one can be entirely free from dust.
where
because
that
四、同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词(news, fact, idea, desire, suggestion, promise, information等)的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的连接词主要有that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。在同位语从句中，that和whether不作成分，that无词义，whether表示“是否”，if不能引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不能省略。
[对点练] (单句语法填空)
①While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence _______ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
②The manager put forward a suggestion ______we should have an assistant.
that
that
③There is no doubt ______ it is of great help to their study and future life.
④To make matters worse, I had to share a double room with someone I did not know, despite the fact _____ I had paid for a single room.
that
that
活用语法——在针对训练中提能
Ⅰ.将下列句子合并为或改为含有名词性从句的复合句
1．English is being accepted as an international language.It is a fact.
→_____________________________________________________________
It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
2．It is generally considered unwise to give a child everything he or she wants.
→______________________________________________________________
3．He should report this accident to the police at once.This is my suggestion.
→_______________________________________________________________
It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
My suggestion is that he should report this accident to the police at once.
4．Julie became a poet.It may have been due to her uncle's influence.
→____________________________________________________________
5．When will he return from New York It depends a great deal on his health.
→____________________________________________________________
That Julie became a poet may have been due to her uncle's influence.
When he'll return from New York depends a great deal on his health.
6．We all know that our friends will lend us a helping hand when we need help.
→_________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
What we all know is that our friends will lend us a helping hand
when we need help.
Ⅱ.用恰当的连接词完成下面语篇
I have drawn a conclusion ①_______ the secret to happiness is truly being grateful.This means at all times, particularly when things are not going well, being grateful will help you find the positives among the cloud of negatives.
that
Then I have realized something that I believe is ②_______ things work.Sometimes, things make us feel pain, in order to remind us ③______ we still need to be grateful and ④____ we need to have faith.Whenever you feel that you are encountering failure after failure, just try to remember
⑤_____ life resembles a roller coaster.
Failure is not bad. ⑥______ you should remember is ⑦_____ failure is normal.
how
that
that
that
What
that
No.2 听说专区/在主题活动中提升语言技能
教材听力 “三关过”
一、过词汇关——词块互译
1．________________ 保持活跃
2．__________ 由于
3．__________ 想出；解决；算出
remain active
due to
figure out
4．help us make memories __________________
5．reflect on _______________________
6．fade out ____________
二、过泛听关——听教材录音选最佳答案
1．What are the speakers talking about
A．Sleep-related mysteries.
B．Ways of improving sleep quality.
C．Methods to keep the brain healthy.
帮助我们创造记忆
仔细考虑，思考；反省
淡出；渐弱
√
2．What's Dr Long's opinion about the main cause of sleep
A．Sleep can aid learning and help us make memories.
B．Sleep can allow our brain to have a rest and do maintenance.
C．Sleep can remove the poisonous chemicals our brains make when we're awake.
√
3．What does Dr Long think of the research on the brains
A．Hopeful.
B．Beneficial.
C．Impossible.
√
三、过精听关——依据教材听力完成句子
1．One of my research areas is sleep, surrounding _______________
______________________.
2．For example, we________________________________, but still don't fully understand___________________.
which there are
still many mysteries
spend one third of our lives sleeping
why we need sleep
3．But actually, more recent studies prove ______________________
____________________.
4．So what factor do you believe to_________________________
5．______________________________________, we still can't prove that sleep is necessary to this function.
that our brains remain
active during sleep
be the main cause of sleep
Though we've conducted a lot of research
一、听力仿真训练
Ⅰ. 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where is the Natural History Museum
A．Next to a park. B．On 42nd Street.
C．Beside a bank.
强化训练 “在平时”
√
2．How does the man feel about the historic sites
A．Sad. B．Surprised. C．Optimistic.
3．How was the weather before the woman slept
A．Cloudy. B．Clear. C．Rainy.
√
√
4．What will the woman do tomorrow morning
A．Give a talk.
B．Surf the Internet.
C．Read about the seafloor.
5．What place did the man visit recently
A．The desert.
B．The mountain.
C．The jungle.
√
√
Ⅱ. 听下面2段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What do we know about the tombs
A．They are at most 3,000 years old.
B．They were discovered by some farmers.
C．They were discovered in China's Shaanxi Province.
√
7．How many bronze products have been discovered so far
A．Less than 4.
B．Less than 5.
C．More than 20.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．According to the woman, how long are whales' teeth today
A．About half a foot long.
B．Around a foot long.
C．Two feet long.
√
√
9．How old is the recently discovered tooth according to the scientists
A．About five million years old.
B．Twelve million years old.
C．Thirteen million years old.
10．Where is the tooth now
A．At the man's home.
B．On a beach.
C．In a museum.
√
√
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
W: Excuse me, I'm lost.I'm trying to find the Natural History Museum.Do you know how to get there
M: Sure.Get on Bus 42.When you get to 32nd Street, get off.①The museum is next to the Central Bank.You can't miss it.
(Text 2)
W: Have you seen this article about the historic sites
M: Yeah, I had a look.Our heritage sites face serious dangers.②It makes us sad just to think about it.
W: But luckily, the government has decided to take some measures.
(Text 3)
M：The rain has stopped. You should see the sky this evening. There was a huge rainbow.
W：I didn't even know it was raining. ③There were no clouds in the sky before I fell asleep this afternoon.
(Text 4)
M：Anne, you've been searching on the Internet for the whole evening.What are you busy with
W：④I'll have to give a lecture on the diversity of life on the seafloor tomorrow morning.I have to search for material.
(Text 5)
W: You love going to the most extreme places in the world.
M: Yes.Like the Sahara Desert.It's been a long time since I crossed it — ⑤it was harder than climbing Mount Qomolangma, which I did not long ago.But the most fun was living in the jungle on an island — that was the first trip I made.
(Text 6)
W：Did you watch the news last night
M：Anything special
W：Yes. ⑥Several tombs, at least 3,000 years old, were discovered in northwest China's Shaanxi Province. They can be dated all the way back to the Xizhou Dynasty.
M：What have they found in the tombs so far
W：⑦More than 20 bronze products have been discovered in four out of the five sites. They were all placed near the feet of the body in the tomb.That's something not very common in other Xizhou tombs.
(Text 7)
W：Wow! ⑧According to this newspaper article, a foot-long tooth was found on a beach in Australia. ⑨Scientists think it's from a huge whale that existed five million years ago. ⑧The tooth is about twice the size of a whale's tooth today, and longer than many dinosaur teeth.
M：That's incredible. ⑩Where is it now
W：⑩The man who discovered it brought it to a museum. Before, the remains of these huge whales had only been uncovered in Peru, Chile, and the USA, and they date back to around twelve to thirteen million years ago. This tooth is the first one of its kind to be found outside of the Americas, and the animal lived much more recently. I'd love to go to see it.
M：Who was the guy that found it
W：Just some guy who had gone to the beach. He knew the tooth was something important.
M：Wow. Imagine finding something like that. I'm not sure I'd even know what it was.
W：Scientists calculated that the whale it belonged to was about 60 feet long and weighed 88,000 pounds.
M：I can't believe there were animals that big in our oceans once!
二、口语交际训练
背景：两位学生正在谈论一个与文化遗产保护相关的项目……
W: Hello! 1
M: We're creating an app about Mount Tai.We're part of an international youth project.
W: That's interesting! 2
M: There are 23 senior high school students from seven countries.
W: 3
M: Well, as you know, Mount Tai is one of the most famous mountains in China.The mountain and the temples have been protected for over 3,000 years, so it's a great example of how people preserve their cultural heritage. 4
W: Tell me about the app you're making.
M: We want to promote Mount Tai; that is, we want to tell teenagers in other countries about the mountain and Chinese culture. 5
W: Oh, that's a clever idea.
A．What are you guys doing
B．Why is the project focused on Mount Tai
C．We feel so proud to have a chance to do something.
D．How many students are taking part in the project
E．The app teaches teenagers about Mount Tai and even has a few games about cultural relics.
答案：1～5 ADBCE
|多积主题表达|
与“探险”有关的表达
1．to one's excitement/thrill 令某人激动的是
2．can't wait to do 迫不及待去做
3．tremble with excitement 激动地颤抖
4．be seized with panic 惊慌失措
5．one's heart in one's mouth 心提到嗓子眼
6．take one's breath away 令人惊叹
7．be scared out of wits 吓得魂不附体
8．(one's eyes) shine with excitement (眼睛)闪烁着兴奋的光芒
9．His heart beat wildly and his legs trembled.
他的心狂跳，两腿发抖。
10．I felt so scared that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak.
我感到很害怕，嗓子发紧，双膝发软。
11．On the way to the lake, a wave of excitement spread through my body.
在去这个湖的路上，一阵兴奋在我的身体里蔓延开来。
12．Frightened and tired as I was, I congratulated myself on returning safe and sound.My brother and I harvested a meaningful exploration and really spent a brand new weekend.
尽管我感到害怕和疲惫，但我还是庆幸自己平安无恙地回来了。我和哥哥进行了一次有意义的探索，并真正度过了一个全新的周末。
No.3 新知学习/核心语言点集中释解
1．In more recent times, Norwegian explorer, Roald Amundsen endured one of the most hostile environments on Earth when he set out into uncharted territory to reach the South Pole ...
在近代，当挪威探险家罗阿尔德·阿蒙森踏上未知的国土，前往南极……时他经历了地球上最恶劣的环境之一。
★set out动身踏上(漫长的)旅途；出发；着手
[用法感知]
①The next morning he hired a boat and set out to find the well-known painter.
第二天早上，他租了一艘船，出发去找那位著名的画家。
②When the last rays of sunlight were about to disappear, we decided to set up camp along the river for the night.
当最后一缕阳光即将消失时，我们决定在小河边搭帐篷过夜。
③It's a good idea for you to set aside time to read every night before you go to bed.
每晚上床睡觉之前，抽出一段时间来阅读，对你来说是个好主意。
[归纳点拨]
set down 记下；写下
set off 动身，出发
set up 搭建；建立，创建；设立，设置
set aside 留出；放在一边；暂不考虑
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
④As soon as she got home, my mother set _______ preparing lunch.
⑤We are going to set _________ at 9：00 a．m. and come back to school at 4：30 p．m. on Sunday.
⑥He would always set _________ new ideas that occurred to him.
⑦The police had set ____ a roadblock and waved several drivers down.
about
off/out
down
up
2．While there is no need for us to shrink from new situations, we should always look into things first and consider our options.
虽然我们没有必要回避新的情况，但我们应该总是先看问题，并考虑我们的选择。
★look into 调查(问题)；向……里面看
[用法感知]
①We'll look into the matter first before coming to a decision.
我们将先研究这个问题，然后再作决定。
②(“邀请”类写作佳句) I hope you can join me! Looking forward to your early reply so I can make a reservation.
我希望您能加入！期待您的早日回复，以便我能预订。
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
③I like to look _______ on my high school days, which were the happiest in my life.
④You're a popular girl, Grace, and a lot of younger ones look up ___ you.
⑤A working party has been set up to look ______ the problem.
back
to
into
⑥You'd better keep a dictionary close at hand so that you can look _______ unfamiliar words in it.
⑦She looked __________ the cosmetics advertisements until one of them caught her eye.
up
through
No.4 课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Researchers in Australia have confirmed the discovery of Australia's largest dinosaur species ever found. Australotitan cooperensis was about 80 to 100 feet long and 16 to 21 feet tall at its bottom. It weighed somewhere between 25 and 81 tons.
The first of the creature's bones were dug out back in 2006 and 2007, but only now, after years of analysis, have researchers been able to confirm that the bones are from the largest dinosaur in Australia. “It's taken this long because it's such a complex piece of work. You have to take the bones out of the ground and prepare the fossils and then you study them and compare them against all other species of dinosaurs worldwide，” says Scott Hocknull, a palaeontologist (古生物学者) at the Queensland Museum.
Diego Pol, head of palaeontology in Argentina, says these large dinosaurs were probably living in vast spaces across a connected land including what is now South America, Antarctica and Australia. “This means that if we go to Antarctica and dig into the right rocks, most likely we will find supergiant dinosaurs too. So I found that super exciting.”
As part of its research, the Australian team used new 3D -scanning technology to scan the bones from Australotitan and compare them with those of similar species. Both Australian and Argentine researchers agree that the new technology has opened doors for sharing information. Previously, palaeontologists might have needed to fly across the world to look at fossils in person, Pol says. The super-high resolution (分辨率) that now exists is “like having the real bone in your computer.”
“Discoveries like this are just the tip of the iceberg，” Hocknull said in the statement. “Our ultimate goal is to find more evidence that tells the changing story of Queensland, hundreds of millions of years in the making. A grand story all scientists, museums and tourists will be interested in.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚研究人员证实了澳大利亚迄今为止发现的最大恐龙种类。
1．Why has it taken long to confirm the bones
A．There are lots of bone fossils to study.
B．It's complicated to finish the whole process.
C．It's difficult to take the bones out of the ground.
D．There are many species of dinosaurs to discover.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中Scott Hocknull 所说“It's taken this long because it's such a complex piece of work.”可知，要花很长时间来确认这些骨头是因为整个过程很复杂。
2．What makes Diego Pol extremely excited
A．Right rocks found in Antarctica.
B．Large dinosaurs living in vast spaces.
C．Continents once connected with each other.
D．Possibility of finding supergiant dinosaurs in Antarctica.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中Diego Pol 所说“This means that ... So I found that super exciting.”可知，在南极发现超大型恐龙的可能性使Diego Pol如此兴奋。
3．What's researchers' attitude to new 3D -scanning technology
A．Positive. B．Neutral.
C．Cautious. D．Negative.
解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中“Both Australian and Argentine researchers ...sharing information.”可知，研究人员对新的3D扫描技术持积极态度。
√
√
4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Queensland is changing too quickly.
B．Tourists will participate in discoveries.
C．More discoveries will possibly be made.
D．The whole story of Queensland is revealed.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中Hocknull 所说“Discoveries like this are just the tip of the iceberg”以及“Our ultimate goal is to find ... millions of years in the making.”可推知，可能会有更多的发现。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Borneo is home to some of the most extraordinary wildlife. Several years ago, I decided to go there for a visit. A local person offered to be my guide, which was a great bonus for me. One day, my guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a 5 hillside instead. We picked our way carefully when 6 a charming flower popped into my view among those stones. Oh, dear! More than 7 ， I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower's core.
8 ， to my surprise, it was only one of the 9 during the trip. As I 10 the end of my trip, there was still something I had yet to see. We planned to 11 most feared creature there, the saltwater crocodile, which can grow to a 12 of 6 meters or more. When we shone a flashlight towards the muddy shore, little sounds 13 in the darkness as if something unseen underwater had broken the 14 . Taking a second look, we spotted two greedy 15 just above the water line.
As we drew near, it 16 and we saw clearly it was a crocodile. With great caution, we neared it and finally could 17 its true dimensions. It was a baby — no more than 0.6 meter long. Aha, whatever, I could now report to the 18 back home, who had never been to Borneo, that I had 19 a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to tell the tale.
The world out there is so fascinating. Why not step outdoors and enjoy the wonders nature offers to you
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一名当地导游的陪同下去探索婆罗洲的野生动植物的经历。
5．A.rolling B．spectacular
C．rough D．breathtaking
解析：根据空前的“turned off the smooth road”和空后的“hillside instead”可知，他们走的是一个崎岖的山坡。
√
6．A.suddenly B．literally
C．definitely D．intimately
解析：根据句中的“popped into my view”可知，这里表示他们在行路的过程中突然看到了一朵迷人的花。
√
7．A.alarmed B．pleased
C．concerned D．upset
解析：根据上文中的“a charming flower”和本句中的“I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower's core”可知，作者看到这朵花时非常高兴，忍不住把鼻子凑到花心去闻。
√
8．A.Nevertheless B．Besides
C．Instead D．Therefore
解析：根据句中的“to my surprise”和上下文语境可知，这里表示转折，虽然这朵花很迷人，但这只是旅途中的亮点之一。
√
9．A.desires B．motivations
C．destinations D．highlights
解析：根据空前的“one of”和下文中的“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，路上有许多精彩的事物，这朵花只是其中一个亮点。
√
10．A.summarized B．suspected
C．approached D．valued
解析：根据空后的“the end of my trip”可知，这里表示旅行接近尾声。
√
11．A.hold onto B．pick up
C．reflect on D．hunt for
解析：根据上文中的“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，作者还有许多东西没看到，所以他们计划去寻找咸水鳄。
√
12．A.width B．length
C．height D．size
解析：根据空后的“of 6 meters or more”并结合常识可知，这里指咸水鳄的长度。
√
13．A.emerged B．paused
C．continued D．declined
解析：根据下文中的“we saw clearly it was a crocodile”可知，水里有咸水鳄，所以他们用手电筒照的时候听到了黑暗中发出的一些微弱声音。
√
14．A.mud B．surface
C．ground D．shore
解析：根据句中的“something unseen underwater”和下文中的“above the water line”可知，他们听到了黑暗中发出的一些微弱声音，好像是水下看不见的东西打破水面的声音。
√
15．A.legs B．mouths
C．eyes D．teeth
解析：根据空前的“two greedy”并结合常识可知，鳄鱼在水中时常常将头露出水面观察，这里指他们看到了鳄鱼的两只贪婪的眼睛。
√
16．A.moved B．sank
C．bid D．escaped
解析：根据句中的“As we drew near”可知，当作者他们走近鳄鱼时，鳄鱼动了一下。
√
17．A.give out B．let out
C．turn out D．make out
解析：根据句中的“we neared it”和空后的“its true dimensions”可知，作者他们走近看时才辨认出鳄鱼的真实大小。
√
18．A.victims B．opponents
C．folks D．guides
解析：根据空后的“back home, who had never been to Borneo”可知，这里指的是家里从未去过婆罗洲的人。
√
19．A.challenged B．encountered
C．terrified D．chased
解析：根据空后的“a hungry crocodile in the wild”可知，这里指在野外遇到一条饥饿的鳄鱼。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
In AD 79, the ancient Roman city of Pompeii, in southern Italy， 1 (destroy) by a volcanic eruption that buried many of its buildings. Archaeologists have been observing it for almost 300 years but now they have a new tool — virtual reality (VR) — for understanding 2 Pompeii might once have looked like.
Researchers, Danilo Campanaro and Giacomo Landeschi, from Lund University in Sweden, used data that were collected by drones to create 3 3D computer reconstruction of one of its most amazing buildings, then 4 (feed) the reconstruction into a video game system where a VR model is made. The idea is not just to recreate the buildings 5 to understand a bit more about how Roman people might have experienced them.
Campanaro and Landeschi asked 6 (volunteer) to take a virtual tour of the house in both summer and winter light. The researchers used special eye-tracking technology to record 7 (exact) which areas people looked at and for how long. From this, the team concluded that the building used clever designs 8 (draw) attention to the very objects 9 showed off the wealth and status of its owner — perhaps a man called Lucius Valenius Flaccus, whose ring was found 10 the ruins.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了考古学家们用新的虚拟现实技术了解庞贝城的过去。
1．was destroyed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语 In AD 79 可知，此处应使用一般过去时；谓语动词destroy与主语the ancient Roman city of Pompeii之间存在被动关系，所以应使用一般过去时的被动语态；主语是单数，谓语用单数形式。
2．what 考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少介词like的宾语，指物，表示“……的(样子)”，用连接代词what。
3．a 考查冠词。修饰后面的可数名词单数reconstruction，表示泛指，应用不定冠词。3D发音的第一个音素是辅音音素，故填a。
4．feeding 考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作状语，动词feed与句子主语Researchers之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。
5．but 考查固定搭配。此处为固定搭配“not just ... but ...”意为“不仅仅……而且……”。
6．volunteers 考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，volunteer 为可数名词单数，其前无限定词，所以此处应使用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填volunteers。
7．exactly 考查副词。空处作状语修饰动词record，应用副词形式。exact的副词为exactly“准确地”。
8．to draw 考查动词不定式。此处考查固定搭配 use sth. to do sth.，意为“使用某物去做某事”。
9．that 考查定语从句。此处为关系词引导的限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处应使用关系代词。先行词objects指物，且其前有the very修饰，所以空处只能使用关系代词that。
10．in 考查介词。此处表示“在废墟中”，需要用介词in，表示地点，意为“在……内部”。10 / 11
Section Ⅲ Using language
语法项目——复习名词性从句
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
背美文 Our first tip for starting a business is to choose a product or service that you find suitable. The fact that you have a passion for your idea① will make it much easier to motivate yourself. It is also important that it should fit your skills.② A second tip is to analyse your target market carefully to see if/whether it is worth entering③ , and if so, how you should run your business. The size of the market and its rate of growth are important factors to consider. How you can satisfy the needs of potential clients most effectively④ should be the focus of your business. You should also look through the business directory to see who your main competitors will be⑤ and find out how their businesses work⑥ . Our final tip is that you should consider⑦ whether you want to make your business a solo one or find one or two partners⑧ . Doing it alone can give you greater autonomy. On the other hand, partners can help plug the knowledge or skill gaps.
悟语法 ①that引导同位语从句，解释说明the fact的内容；②句首的It是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句；③if/whether引导宾语从句，意为“是否”；④How引导主语从句，且在从句中作方式状语；⑤who引导宾语从句，且在从句中作表语；⑥how引导宾语从句，且在从句中作状语；⑦that引导表语从句，只起连接的作用；⑧whether ... or ...引导宾语从句，意为“是……还是……”。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
名词性从句是在句中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句
1．that引导的主语从句
that引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，也没有词汇意义，但一般不可省略。
2．whether/if引导的主语从句
主语从句位于主句谓语动词前，连接词意为“是否”时，只能用whether。若用it作形式主语，则whether与if可互换。
3．连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句
连接代词包括who, whom, whose, what, whoever, whomever, whatever等；连接副词包括when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等。
4．it作形式主语的主语从句
有时为了保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
It isn't likely that I should accept such an offer as that.
我不可能接受像那样的帮助。
[对点练] (单句语法填空)
①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song “The Long and Winding Road”. __________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out of this world scenes.
②It is not a problem ____________ we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
③It is possible ___________ caffeine may cause birth defects (缺陷) in humans, too.
④Every year, __________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
⑤It is often the case __________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
二、宾语从句
1．that引导的宾语从句
that引导宾语从句时无词义，在从句中不作成分，口语中一般可以省略，但下列情况下不能省略：
(1)当that从句作介词的宾语时；
(2)动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略。
2．whether与if引导的宾语从句
whether与if引导宾语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，但有具体的含义，意为“是否”。在下列情况下只能用whether而不能用if：
(1)直接与or not连用时，只能用whether；
(2)介词后的宾语从句要用whether；
(3)与不定式连用时用whether。
3．连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句时既充当句子成分又有具体词义，且不可省略。
4．it作形式宾语的宾语从句
(1)一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。常见的这类动词有find, think, consider, believe, guess, suppose, make等。
He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜欢”或“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to, depend on, rely on等后面常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
[对点练] (单句语法填空)
①(2022·浙江1月高考) Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak __________ she could do so remotely; about three quarters of the time, they agreed.
②The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said.
③What students do at college seems to matter much more than __________ they go.
④I'm not sure __________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
⑤The gold medal will be awarded to _________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
⑥I didn't understand __________ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.
三、表语从句
1．连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句
连接代词和连接副词引导表语从句时既充当句子成分又有具体词义，且不可省略。
2．that, whether引导的表语从句
在表语从句中，that无词义，一般不能省略；whether意为“是否”。
3．as if/though引导的表语从句，有时可用虚拟语气
The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if/though a great black blanket had been thrown over it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整座城市，好像一条巨大的黑色毯子覆盖在它的上面。
4．because, why引导的表语从句
[对点练] (单句语法填空)
①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is __________ they need an English trainer.
②This is ____________ my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
③Without his support, we wouldn't be ______ we are now.
④He kept yawning in class this morning. That was __________ he stayed up late watching the basketball game last night.
⑤The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _______ one can be entirely free from dust.
四、同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词(news, fact, idea, desire, suggestion, promise, information等)的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的连接词主要有that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。在同位语从句中，that和whether不作成分，that无词义，whether表示“是否”，if不能引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不能省略。
[对点练] (单句语法填空)
①While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence __________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
②The manager put forward a suggestion ____________ we should have an assistant.
③There is no doubt __________ it is of great help to their study and future life.
④To make matters worse, I had to share a double room with someone I did not know, despite the fact __________ I had paid for a single room.
活用语法——在针对训练中提能
Ⅰ.将下列句子合并为或改为含有名词性从句的复合句
1．English is being accepted as an international language.It is a fact.
→__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
2．It is generally considered unwise to give a child everything he or she wants.
→__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3．He should report this accident to the police at once.This is my suggestion.
→__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
4．Julie became a poet.It may have been due to her uncle's influence.
→__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
5．When will he return from New York It depends a great deal on his health.
→__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
6．We all know that our friends will lend us a helping hand when we need help.
→__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.用恰当的连接词完成下面语篇
I have drawn a conclusion ①__________ the secret to happiness is truly being grateful.This means at all times, particularly when things are not going well, being grateful will help you find the positives among the cloud of negatives.
Then I have realized something that I believe is ②_________ things work.Sometimes, things make us feel pain, in order to remind us ③__________ we still need to be grateful and ④__________ we need to have faith.Whenever you feel that you are encountering failure after failure, just try to remember ⑤__________ life resembles a roller coaster.
Failure is not bad. ⑥_________ you should remember is ⑦__________ failure is normal.
教材听力“三关过”
一、过词汇关——词块互译
1．______________ 保持活跃
2．______________ 由于
3．______________ 想出；解决；算出
4．help us make memories ______________
5．reflect on ______________
6．fade out ______________
二、过泛听关——听教材录音选最佳答案
1．What are the speakers talking about？( )
A．Sleep related mysteries.
B．Ways of improving sleep quality.
C．Methods to keep the brain healthy.
2．What's Dr Long's opinion about the main cause of sleep？( )
A．Sleep can aid learning and help us make memories.
B．Sleep can allow our brain to have a rest and do maintenance.
C．Sleep can remove the poisonous chemicals our brains make when we're awake.
3．What does Dr Long think of the research on the brains？( )
A．Hopeful. B．Beneficial. C．Impossible.
三、过精听关——依据教材听力完成句子
1．One of my research areas is sleep, surrounding ____________________________.
2．For example, we ________________________， but still don't fully understand ____
_______________________________________.
3．But actually, more recent studies prove _______________________________________.
4．So what factor do you believe to ___________________________________________？
5．____________________________________________________, we still can't prove that sleep is necessary to this function.
强化训练“在平时”
一、听力仿真训练
Ⅰ.听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where is the Natural History Museum ( )
A．Next to a park.
B．On 42nd Street.
C．Beside a bank.
2．How does the man feel about the historic sites？( )
A．Sad. B．Surprised. C．Optimistic.
3．How was the weather before the woman slept？( )
A．Cloudy. B．Clear. C．Rainy.
4．What will the woman do tomorrow morning？( )
A．Give a talk.
B．Surf the Internet.
C．Read about the seafloor.
5．What place did the man visit recently ( )
A．The desert.
B．The mountain.
C．The jungle.
Ⅱ.听下面2段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What do we know about the tombs？( )
A．They are at most 3,000 years old.
B．They were discovered by some farmers.
C．They were discovered in China's Shaanxi Province.
7．How many bronze products have been discovered so far？( )
A．Less than 4.
B．Less than 5.
C．More than 20.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．According to the woman, how long are whales' teeth today？( )
A．About half a foot long.
B．Around a foot long.
C．Two feet long.
9．How old is the recently discovered tooth according to the scientists？( )
A．About five million years old.
B．Twelve million years old.
C．Thirteen million years old.
10．Where is the tooth now？( )
A．At the man's home.
B．On a beach.
C．In a museum.
二、口语交际训练
背景：两位学生正在谈论一个与文化遗产保护相关的项目……
W: Hello! __1__
M: We're creating an app about Mount Tai.We're part of an international youth project.
W: That's interesting! __2__
M: There are 23 senior high school students from seven countries.
W: __3__
M: Well, as you know, Mount Tai is one of the most famous mountains in China.The mountain and the temples have been protected for over 3,000 years, so it's a great example of how people preserve their cultural heritage. __4__
W: Tell me about the app you're making.
M: We want to promote Mount Tai; that is, we want to tell teenagers in other countries about the mountain and Chinese culture. __5__
W: Oh, that's a clever idea.
A．What are you guys doing
B．Why is the project focused on Mount Tai
C．We feel so proud to have a chance to do something.
D．How many students are taking part in the project
E．The app teaches teenagers about Mount Tai and even has a few games about cultural relics.
[答题区] 1～5 __________
|多积主题表达|
与“探险”有关的表达
1．to one's excitement/thrill 令某人激动的是
2．can't wait to do 迫不及待去做
3．tremble with excitement 激动地颤抖
4．be seized with panic 惊慌失措
5．one's heart in one's mouth 心提到嗓子眼
6．take one's breath away 令人惊叹
7．be scared out of wits 吓得魂不附体
8．(one's eyes) shine with excitement (眼睛)闪烁着兴奋的光芒
9．His heart beat wildly and his legs trembled.他的心狂跳，两腿发抖。
10．I felt so scared that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak.
我感到很害怕，嗓子发紧，双膝发软。
11．On the way to the lake, a wave of excitement spread through my body.
在去这个湖的路上，一阵兴奋在我的身体里蔓延开来。
12．Frightened and tired as I was, I congratulated myself on returning safe and sound.My brother and I harvested a meaningful exploration and really spent a brand new weekend.
尽管我感到害怕和疲惫，但我还是庆幸自己平安无恙地回来了。我和哥哥进行了一次有意义的探索，并真正度过了一个全新的周末。
1．In more recent times, Norwegian explorer, Roald Amundsen endured one of the most hostile environments on Earth when he set out into uncharted territory to reach the South Pole ...
在近代，当挪威探险家罗阿尔德·阿蒙森踏上未知的国土，前往南极……时他经历了地球上最恶劣的环境之一。
★set out动身踏上(漫长的)旅途；出发；着手
[用法感知]
①The next morning he hired a boat and set out to find the well known painter.
第二天早上，他租了一艘船，出发去找那位著名的画家。
②When the last rays of sunlight were about to disappear, we decided to set up camp along the river for the night.
当最后一缕阳光即将消失时，我们决定在小河边搭帐篷过夜。
③It's a good idea for you to set aside time to read every night before you go to bed.
每晚上床睡觉之前，抽出一段时间来阅读，对你来说是个好主意。
[归纳点拨]
开始做某事
set down 记下；写下
set off 动身，出发
set up 搭建；建立，创建；设立，设置
set aside 留出；放在一边；暂不考虑
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
④As soon as she got home, my mother set __________ preparing lunch.
⑤We are going to set ______ at 9：00 a．m. and come back to school at 4：30 p．m. on Sunday.
⑥He would always set __________ new ideas that occurred to him.
⑦The police had set __________ a roadblock and waved several drivers down.
2．While there is no need for us to shrink from new situations, we should always look into things first and consider our options.
虽然我们没有必要回避新的情况，但我们应该总是先看问题，并考虑我们的选择。
★look into 调查(问题)；向……里面看
[用法感知]
①We'll look into the matter first before coming to a decision.
我们将先研究这个问题，然后再作决定。
②(“邀请”类写作佳句) I hope you can join me! Looking forward to your early reply so I can make a reservation.我希望您能加入！期待您的早日回复，以便我能预订。
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
③I like to look __________ on my high school days, which were the happiest in my life.
④You're a popular girl, Grace, and a lot of younger ones look up __________ you.
⑤A working party has been set up to look __________ the problem.
⑥You'd better keep a dictionary close at hand so that you can look __________ unfamiliar words in it.
⑦She looked __________ the cosmetics advertisements until one of them caught her eye.
Section Ⅲ
NO.1 语法专区
慧学语法
一、[对点练] ①What ②whether/if ③that ④whoever ⑤that
二、[对点练] ①whether/if ②what ③where ④who
⑤whoever ⑥why
三、[对点练] ①why ②what ③where ④because ⑤that
四、[对点练] ①that ②that ③that ④that
活用语法
Ⅰ.1.It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
2．It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
3．My suggestion is that he should report this accident to the police at once.
4．That Julie became a poet may have been due to her uncle's influence.
5．When he'll return from New York depends a great deal on his health.
6．What we all know is that our friends will lend us a helping hand when we need help.
Ⅱ.①that ②how ③that ④that ⑤that ⑥What ⑦that
NO.2 听说专区
教材听力“三关过”
一、1.remain active 2.due to 3.figure out
4．帮助我们创造记忆 5.仔细考虑，思考；反省
6．淡出；渐弱
二、1～3 AAA
三、1.which there are still many mysteries
2．spend one third of our lives sleeping; why we need sleep 3.that our brains remain active during sleep
4．be the main cause of sleep
5．Though we've conducted a lot of research
强化训练“在平时”
一、1～5 CABAB 6～10 CCAAC
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
W: Excuse me, I'm lost.I'm trying to find the Natural History Museum.Do you know how to get there
M: Sure.Get on Bus 42.When you get to 32nd Street, get off.①The museum is next to the Central Bank.You can't miss it.
(Text 2)
W：Have you seen this article about the historic sites
M：Yeah, I had a look.Our heritage sites face serious dangers.②It makes us sad just to think about it.
W：But luckily, the government has decided to take some measures.
(Text 3)
M：The rain has stopped. You should see the sky this evening. There was a huge rainbow.
W：I didn't even know it was raining. ③There were no clouds in the sky before I fell asleep this afternoon.
(Text 4)
M：Anne, you've been searching on the Internet for the whole evening.What are you busy with
W：④I'll have to give a lecture on the diversity of life on the seafloor tomorrow morning.I have to search for material.
(Text 5)
W: You love going to the most extreme places in the world.
M: Yes.Like the Sahara Desert.It's been a long time since I crossed it — ⑤it was harder than climbing Mount Qomolangma, which I did not long ago.But the most fun was living in the jungle on an island — that was the first trip I made.
(Text 6)
W：Did you watch the news last night
M：Anything special
W：Yes. ⑥Several tombs, at least 3,000 years old, were discovered in northwest China's Shaanxi Province. They can be dated all the way back to the Xizhou Dynasty.
M：What have they found in the tombs so far
W：⑦More than 20 bronze products have been discovered in four out of the five sites. They were all placed near the feet of the body in the tomb.That's something not very common in other Xizhou tombs.
(Text 7)
W：Wow! ⑧According to this newspaper article, a foot long tooth was found on a beach in Australia. ⑨Scientists think it's from a huge whale that existed five million years ago. ⑧The tooth is about twice the size of a whale's tooth today, and longer than many dinosaur teeth.
M：That's incredible. ⑩Where is it now
W：⑩The man who discovered it brought it to a museum. Before, the remains of these huge whales had only been uncovered in Peru, Chile, and the USA, and they date back to around twelve to thirteen million years ago. This tooth is the first one of its kind to be found outside of the Americas, and the animal lived much more recently. I'd love to go to see it.
M：Who was the guy that found it
W：Just some guy who had gone to the beach. He knew the tooth was something important.
M：Wow. Imagine finding something like that. I'm not sure I'd even know what it was.
W：Scientists calculated that the whale it belonged to was about 60 feet long and weighed 88,000 pounds.
M：I can't believe there were animals that big in our oceans once!
二、1～5 ADBCE
NO.3 新知学习
1．④about ⑤off/out ⑥down ⑦up
2．③back ④to ⑤into ⑥up ⑦through3 / 3
UNIT 5 课时检测(三) Using language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Researchers in Australia have confirmed the discovery of Australia's largest dinosaur species ever found. Australotitan cooperensis was about 80 to 100 feet long and 16 to 21 feet tall at its bottom. It weighed somewhere between 25 and 81 tons.
The first of the creature's bones were dug out back in 2006 and 2007, but only now, after years of analysis, have researchers been able to confirm that the bones are from the largest dinosaur in Australia. “It's taken this long because it's such a complex piece of work. You have to take the bones out of the ground and prepare the fossils and then you study them and compare them against all other species of dinosaurs worldwide，” says Scott Hocknull, a palaeontologist (古生物学者) at the Queensland Museum.
Diego Pol, head of palaeontology in Argentina, says these large dinosaurs were probably living in vast spaces across a connected land including what is now South America, Antarctica and Australia. “This means that if we go to Antarctica and dig into the right rocks, most likely we will find supergiant dinosaurs too. So I found that super exciting.”
As part of its research, the Australian team used new 3D scanning technology to scan the bones from Australotitan and compare them with those of similar species. Both Australian and Argentine researchers agree that the new technology has opened doors for sharing information. Previously, palaeontologists might have needed to fly across the world to look at fossils in person, Pol says. The super high resolution (分辨率) that now exists is “like having the real bone in your computer.”
“Discoveries like this are just the tip of the iceberg，” Hocknull said in the statement. “Our ultimate goal is to find more evidence that tells the changing story of Queensland, hundreds of millions of years in the making. A grand story all scientists, museums and tourists will be interested in.”
1．Why has it taken long to confirm the bones
A．There are lots of bone fossils to study.
B．It's complicated to finish the whole process.
C．It's difficult to take the bones out of the ground.
D．There are many species of dinosaurs to discover.
2．What makes Diego Pol extremely excited
A．Right rocks found in Antarctica.
B．Large dinosaurs living in vast spaces.
C．Continents once connected with each other.
D．Possibility of finding supergiant dinosaurs in Antarctica.
3．What's researchers' attitude to new 3D scanning technology
A．Positive. B.Neutral.
C．Cautious. D.Negative.
4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Queensland is changing too quickly.
B．Tourists will participate in discoveries.
C．More discoveries will possibly be made.
D．The whole story of Queensland is revealed.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Borneo is home to some of the most extraordinary wildlife. Several years ago, I decided to go there for a visit. A local person offered to be my guide, which was a great bonus for me. One day, my guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a __5__ hillside instead. We picked our way carefully when __6__ a charming flower popped into my view among those stones. Oh, dear! More than __7__， I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower's core.
__8__， to my surprise, it was only one of the __9__ during the trip. As I __10__ the end of my trip, there was still something I had yet to see. We planned to __11__ most feared creature there, the saltwater crocodile, which can grow to a __12__ of 6 meters or more. When we shone a flashlight towards the muddy shore, little sounds __13__ in the darkness as if something unseen underwater had broken the __14__. Taking a second look, we spotted two greedy __15__ just above the water line. As we drew near, it __16__ and we saw clearly it was a crocodile. With great caution, we neared it and finally could __17__ its true dimensions. It was a baby — no more than 0.6 meter long. Aha, whatever, I could now report to the __18__ back home, who had never been to Borneo, that I had __19__ a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to tell the tale.
The world out there is so fascinating. Why not step outdoors and enjoy the wonders nature offers to you？
5.A.rolling B.spectacular
C．rough D.breathtaking
6．A.suddenly B.literally
C．definitely D.intimately
7．A.alarmed B.pleased
C．concerned D.upset
8．A.Nevertheless B.Besides
C．Instead D.Therefore
9．A.desires B.motivations
C．destinations D.highlights
10．A.summarized B.suspected
C．approached D.valued
11．A.hold onto B.pick up
C．reflect on D.hunt for
12．A.width B.length
C．height D.size
13．A.emerged B.paused
C．continued D.declined
14．A.mud B.surface
C．ground D.shore
15．A.legs B.mouths
C．eyes D.teeth
16．A.moved B.sank
C．bid D.escaped
17．A.give out B.let out
C．turn out D.make out
18．A.victims B.opponents
C．folks D.guides
19．A.challenged B.encountered
C．terrified D.chased
Ⅲ.语法填空
In AD 79, the ancient Roman city of Pompeii, in southern Italy，__1__ (destroy) by a volcanic eruption that buried many of its buildings. Archaeologists have been observing it for almost 300 years but now they have a new tool — virtual reality (VR) — for understanding __2__Pompeii might once have looked like.
Researchers, Danilo Campanaro and Giacomo Landeschi, from Lund University in Sweden, used data that were collected by drones to create__3__3D computer reconstruction of one of its most amazing buildings, then __4__ (feed) the reconstruction into a video game system where a VR model is made. The idea is not just to recreate the buildings __5__ to understand a bit more about how Roman people might have experienced them. Campanaro and Landeschi asked __6__ (volunteer) to take a virtual tour of the house in both summer and winter light. The researchers used special eye tracking technology to record __7__ (exact) which areas people looked at and for how long. From this, the team concluded that the building used clever designs __8__ (draw) attention to the very objects __9__ showed off the wealth and status of its owner — perhaps a man called Lucius Valenius Flaccus, whose ring was found __10__ the ruins.
UNIT 5 课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚研究人员证实了澳大利亚迄今为止发现的最大恐龙种类。
1．选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中Scott Hocknull 所说“It's taken this long because it's such a complex piece of work.”可知，要花很长时间来确认这些骨头是因为整个过程很复杂。
2．选D 细节理解题。根据第三段中Diego Pol 所说“This means that ... So I found that super exciting.”可知，在南极发现超大型恐龙的可能性使Diego Pol如此兴奋。
3．选A 观点态度题。根据第四段中“Both Australian and Argentine researchers ...sharing information.”可知，研究人员对新的3D扫描技术持积极态度。
4．选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Hocknull 所说“Discoveries like this are just the tip of the iceberg”以及“Our ultimate goal is to find ... millions of years in the making.”可推知，可能会有更多的发现。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一名当地导游的陪同下去探索婆罗洲的野生动植物的经历。
5．选C 根据空前的“turned off the smooth road”和空后的“hillside instead”可知，他们走的是一个崎岖的山坡。
6．选A 根据句中的“popped into my view”可知，这里表示他们在行路的过程中突然看到了一朵迷人的花。
7．选B 根据上文中的“a charming flower”和本句中的“I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower's core”可知，作者看到这朵花时非常高兴，忍不住把鼻子凑到花心去闻。
8．选A 根据句中的“to my surprise”和上下文语境可知，这里表示转折，虽然这朵花很迷人，但这只是旅途中的亮点之一。
9．选D 根据空前的“one of”和下文中的“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，路上有许多精彩的事物，这朵花只是其中一个亮点。
10．选C 根据空后的“the end of my trip”可知，这里表示旅行接近尾声。
11．选D 根据上文中的“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，作者还有许多东西没看到，所以他们计划去寻找咸水鳄。
12．选B 根据空后的“of 6 meters or more”并结合常识可知，这里指咸水鳄的长度。
13．选A 根据下文中的“we saw clearly it was a crocodile”可知，水里有咸水鳄，所以他们用手电筒照的时候听到了黑暗中发出的一些微弱声音。
14．选B 根据句中的“something unseen underwater”和下文中的“above the water line”可知，他们听到了黑暗中发出的一些微弱声音，好像是水下看不见的东西打破水面的声音。
15．选C 根据空前的“two greedy”并结合常识可知，鳄鱼在水中时常常将头露出水面观察，这里指他们看到了鳄鱼的两只贪婪的眼睛。
16．选A 根据句中的“As we drew near”可知，当作者他们走近鳄鱼时，鳄鱼动了一下。
17．选D 根据句中的“we neared it”和空后的“its true dimensions”可知，作者他们走近看时才辨认出鳄鱼的真实大小。
18．选C 根据空后的“back home, who had never been to Borneo”可知，这里指的是家里从未去过婆罗洲的人。
19．选B 根据空后的“a hungry crocodile in the wild”可知，这里指在野外遇到一条饥饿的鳄鱼。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了考古学家们用新的虚拟现实技术了解庞贝城的过去。
1．was destroyed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语 In AD 79 可知，此处应使用一般过去时；谓语动词destroy与主语the ancient Roman city of Pompeii之间存在被动关系，所以应使用一般过去时的被动语态；主语是单数，谓语用单数形式。
2．what 考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少介词like的宾语，指物，表示“……的(样子)”，用连接代词what。
3．a 考查冠词。修饰后面的可数名词单数reconstruction，表示泛指，应用不定冠词。3D发音的第一个音素是辅音音素，故填a。
4．feeding 考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作状语，动词feed与句子主语Researchers之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。
5．but 考查固定搭配。此处为固定搭配“not just ... but ...”意为“不仅仅……而且……”。
6．volunteers 考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，volunteer 为可数名词单数，其前无限定词，所以此处应使用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填volunteers。
7．exactly 考查副词。空处作状语修饰动词record，应用副词形式。exact的副词为exactly“准确地”。
8．to draw 考查动词不定式。此处考查固定搭配 use sth. to do sth.，意为“使用某物去做某事”。
9．that 考查定语从句。此处为关系词引导的限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处应使用关系代词。先行词objects指物，且其前有the very修饰，所以空处只能使用关系代词that。
10．in 考查介词。此处表示“在废墟中”，需要用介词in，表示地点，意为“在……内部”。
