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Section Ⅰ “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
What is the theme of the text about？( )
A．The discovery of William Gadoury.
B．The impressive achievements of the Maya.
C．The secrets of Maya civilisation.
D．The collapse of the Maya.
文意深度理解
(一)阅读理解
1．How did William Gadoury “spot” an unknown Maya city？( )
A．By going there personally.
B．By studying ancient star charts.
C．By studying the works written by scholars.
D．By making research from people.
2．What is the purpose of paragraph 1？( )
A．To give a short introduction to William Gadoury.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To show us that William Gadoury was wrong.
D．To introduce ancient star charts.
3．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2？( )
A．No one has been able to interpret the Maya's writing system.
B．The Maya built impressive palaces and temples.
C．The Maya's understanding of mathematics and astronomy was quite amazing.
D．The Maya was surrounded by mysteries.
4．Which of the following is true？( )
A．The technical standard of the Maya is primitive.
B．In the early 16th century there were no Maya people.
C．Nowadays people have discovered the reason why Maya people left their cities.
D．In 700 AD, Maya civilisation came into being.
5．Which of the following may be the reason(s) why the Maya people themselves led to the destruction？( )
A．They turned wetlands into fields.
B．They dug huge canal systems.
C．They cut more trees for construction.
D．All of the above.
(二)阅读表达
1．What lessons can you learn from the collapse of Maya civilisation
2．What can we do to help protect modern civilisation
|阅|读|技|能|提|升|
本文的语篇类型为说明文。课文标题“The Mysteries of THE MAYA”直接点明了文章的主题“玛雅之谜”。文章第一段以加拿大一个十五岁青少年的发现为引子导入主题，然后逐层剖析了玛雅文明消失的可能原因及对人类的启示。文章的最后一段是总结提升段，阅读时应重点分析，把握文章的深层内涵。
(一)赏用词之妙
1．The Maya built impressive palaces and temples, including their representative step pyramids.
赏析：本句中的修饰词impressive及representative写出了玛雅文明曾经的辉煌。
2．The Maya's understanding of mathematics and astronomy was also quite amazing.
赏析：此处的quite amazing充分传达了作者对玛雅文明的赞叹之意。
3．Research also suggests that those natural disasters may have led to the decline of the Maya.
赏析：本句中的may表明了此处只是对玛雅文明衰落的原因的一种推测，语气并不确定。
[仿写训练|完成句子]
①______________________________________ Li Bai's free expression of strong feelings, which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes.
同样令人叹服的是李白对强烈情感的恣意抒发，他笔下的万物都被赋予灵性。
②Moreover, _________________________________________，with many well known sightseeing spots.
此外，沿河的风景非常迷人，有许多著名的观光景点。
(二)赏句式之高
1．The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious.
赏析：本句中使用了that引导的同位语从句，具体解释了玛雅社会的科技水平十分原始这一事实，反衬了玛雅的成就令人难以置信、神秘莫测。
2．Whatever the reasons, Maya civilisation largely disappeared within the deep jungle.
赏析：本句中使用了whatever引导的让步状语从句的省略形式，传达了作者对曾经辉煌的玛雅文明最终沦为废墟的深深叹惜之情。
[仿写训练|完成句子]
①No matter what happens, always _____________________________，but they will happen.
无论发生什么，始终要抱有信念：你渴望的事情即使今天没有发生，但迟早终会发生。
②It was this unique experience that made me understand ________________________，
we should by no means give up our hope.
正是这次独特的经历让我明白：无论我们面临什么困难，都不应该放弃希望。
(三)赏描摹之韵(场景描写)
By 700 AD, Maya civilisation was at its peak. Yet, within just a couple of generations, it began to mysteriously decline. The cities were left to be taken back by the jungle.
赏析：此处at its peak与 mysteriously decline形成鲜明对比。同时，副词yet突出了这种转折差，激发读者探究玛雅文明衰落的缘由的兴趣。最后一句中的 were left to be taken back by the jungle生动形象地展现了玛雅文明被丛林蚕食取代的场景。
[仿写训练|完成下面场景描写]
It began with a low rumbling sound like thunder. Soon the rumbling __________________ a roar. The ground _________________ and deep cracks ________________ in the streets.Huge buildings collapsed, ______________________________________. Within seconds the town ____________________________， a terrible choking smell filling the air.
(地震)开始像打雷似的发出低沉的轰鸣声。不久，轰鸣声变成了咆哮。大地摇晃，街上出现了很深的裂缝。高楼倒塌，在空中扬起了团团灰尘。几秒钟的工夫，这个城镇就沦为一片废墟，空气中弥漫着令人窒息的可怕气味。
(四)赏逻辑之巧
第四段中第二至五句连用四个疑问句，引发读者思考古玛雅文明衰落的原因。第六句给出解答，同时点明本段主旨，接着后面几句对此进一步解释说明。这种段落组织模式既有利于深入阐明主题，又能极大地调动读者的阅读兴趣。
打开人类历史的画卷，从浩瀚神秘的宇宙到绚丽多姿的地球，从远古生命的诞生到人类成为地球的主宰，我们可以发现：人类从未停止过对未知世界的探索。但世界之大，无奇不有。在科学已经有了飞跃式发展的今天，我们仍有许多难题没有找到答案。在人类的未知探索之路上，我们仍需砥砺前行。
Yeti, Bigfoot and the Wild Man of Shennongjia
For centuries, people have reported seeing a wild creature in the Himalayas called Yeti. The Yeti is said to be a large, hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.People believe that Yetis sometimes come down from the mountains to attack villagers.
In 1998, an American mountain climber said that he saw a Yeti on the Chinese side of the Himalayas. “It walked like a human, but it had thick black fur and was about six feet tall with huge shoulders, very long arms and large hands，” he said.
In 2007, an American TV team saw Yeti tracks 33 centimetres in length in the snow near Mount Qomolangma. They made copies of these tracks and had them examined by a scientist in the USA. He reported that they looked like the tracks of a similar creature, called Bigfoot, which some people believe lives in the forests of the north west of the USA.
Yeti and Bigfoot are similar to a creature known as the Wild Man of Shennongjia. dozens of reports that people have seen a Wild Man in the Shennongjia Nature Reserve in western Hubei Province, China. In one case, a group of engineers ran after the creature, which moved with amazing speed and strength. Large tracks have also been discovered which some people say belong to the Wild Man. Because of these reports and the tracks, there have been several organized searches for this creature, but no strong evidence for its existence has ever been found.
Dr Grover Krantz, a scientist from Washington State University, studied reports of such strange creatures for many years. He became convinced they exist. He believed that these creatures are linked to a common ancestor, . In his opinion, this animal made its way to other parts of the world, and continues to survive even today.
Scientists hope that the mystery will be solved one day. If such creatures really exist, we might have the chance to see one with our own eyes.
滴水穿石
1．由文积词汇
be similar to 与……相似
reserve n. (动植物)保护区
run after 追踪，追赶，跟踪
strength n. 力量，力气
existence n. 存在
convinced adj. 确信；坚信不移的
ancestor n. 祖先，祖宗
make one's way to 前往，到……去
survive vi.& vt. 生存，挺过(难关)
2．据文悟句式
句① There have been ...是there be句型的完成时形式；that引导同位语从句，补充说明reports的内容。
句② an animal是a common ancestor的同位语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词an animal。
Section Ⅰ
NO.1 精阅读
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.①Central America ②complex structures ③growing grains
④huge canal systems ⑤expansion ⑥tropical cyclones
⑦megadrought ⑧conflicts
Ⅱ.C
文意深度理解
(一)1～5 BBDAD
(二)1.Human beings should respect nature and not violate the law of its development. On the one hand, we should follow the natural law and believe in the survival of the fittest. On the other hand, we should actively transform the world around us and bravely fight against all kinds of disasters as possible as we can.
2．We should attach great significance to our modern civilisation. As we all know, it is not so easy for us humans to have the civilisations that we have got today.We should spare no effort to protect our modern civilisations.In no way should we make profits at the cost of our homeland.
NO.2 美表达
(一)①Equally impressive is
②the scenery along the river is quite amazing
(二)①have the belief that the things you desire may not happen today ②whatever difficulty we are faced with
(三)grew into; shook; opened up; sending clouds of dust into the air; lay in ruins(共71张PPT)
把握单元 素养目标
主题 意识 本单元的主题是 “探索未知”。通过了解自然、历史等各个领域中存在的未解之谜，拓宽自己的认知空间和文化视野，培养科学求真的精神，并能积极探索未知，加深对人类命运共同体的认识。
语法 项目 总结归纳名词性从句的类型和表意功能，并能在真实语境中加以运用。
续表
语言 输入 听 能够听懂与人类探索未知相关的话题材料。
读 能够读懂与各个领域中存在的未解之谜及人类探索未知相关的文章内容。
看 通过观看视频，了解对自然现象的科学解释。
语言 输出 写 能够用英文介绍自己感兴趣的未解之谜的相关信息。
说 能够谈论、阐述自己对未解之谜的见解。
Section Ⅰ
“Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
NO 1
精阅读/提升阅读“理解力”
NO 2
美表达/强化写作“基本功”
NO 3
慧人生/以文化人“增才情”
NO 4
课时跟踪检测
目 录
No.1 精阅读/提升阅读“理解力”
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
Central America
complex structures
growing grains
huge canal systems
expansion
tropical cyclones
megadrought
conflicts
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
What is the theme of the text about
A．The discovery of William Gadoury.
B．The impressive achievements of the Maya.
C．The secrets of Maya civilisation.
D．The collapse of the Maya.
√
(一)阅读理解
1．How did William Gadoury “spot” an unknown Maya city
A．By going there personally.
B．By studying ancient star charts.
C．By studying the works written by scholars.
D．By making research from people.
文意深度理解
√
2．What is the purpose of paragraph 1
A．To give a short introduction to William Gadoury.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To show us that William Gadoury was wrong.
D．To introduce ancient star charts.
√
3．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2
A．No one has been able to interpret the Maya's writing system.
B．The Maya built impressive palaces and temples.
C．The Maya's understanding of mathematics and astronomy was quite amazing.
D．The Maya was surrounded by mysteries.
√
4．Which of the following is true
A．The technical standard of the Maya is primitive.
B．In the early 16th century there were no Maya people.
C．Nowadays people have discovered the reason why Maya people left their cities.
D．In 700 AD, Maya civilisation came into being.
√
5．Which of the following may be the reason(s) why the Maya people themselves led to the destruction
A．They turned wetlands into fields.
B．They dug huge canal systems.
C．They cut more trees for construction.
D．All of the above.
√
(二)阅读表达
1．What lessons can you learn from the collapse of Maya civilisation
Human beings should respect nature and not violate the law of its development. On the one hand, we should follow the natural law and believe in the survival of the fittest. On the other hand, we should actively transform the world around us and bravely fight against all kinds of disasters as possible as we can.
2．What can we do to help protect modern civilisation
We should attach great significance to our modern civilisation. As we all know, it is not so easy for us humans to have the civilisations that we have got today.We should spare no effort to protect our modern civilisations.In no way should we make profits at the cost of our homeland.
阅读技能提升
本文的语篇类型为说明文。课文标题“The Mysteries of THE MAYA”直接点明了文章的主题“玛雅之谜”。文章第一段以加拿大一个十五岁青少年的发现为引子导入主题，然后逐层剖析了玛雅文明消失的可能原因及对人类的启示。文章的最后一段是总结提升段，阅读时应重点分析，把握文章的深层内涵。
No.2 美表达/强化写作“基本功”
(一)赏用词之妙
1．The Maya built impressive palaces and temples, including their representative step pyramids.
赏析：本句中的修饰词impressive及representative写出了玛雅文明曾经的辉煌。
2．The Maya's understanding of mathematics and astronomy was also quite amazing.
赏析：此处的quite amazing充分传达了作者对玛雅文明的赞叹之意。
3．Research also suggests that those natural disasters may have led to the decline of the Maya.
赏析：本句中的may表明了此处只是对玛雅文明衰落的原因的一种推测，语气并不确定。
仿写训练/完成句子
①___________________ Li Bai's free expression of strong feelings, which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes.
同样令人叹服的是李白对强烈情感的恣意抒发，他笔下的万物都被赋予灵性。
②Moreover,____________________________________________, with many well-known sightseeing spots.
此外，沿河的风景非常迷人，有许多著名的观光景点。
Equally impressive is
the scenery along the river is quite amazing
(二)赏句式之高
1．The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious.
赏析：本句中使用了that引导的同位语从句，具体解释了玛雅社会的科技水平十分原始这一事实，反衬了玛雅的成就令人难以置信、神秘莫测。
2．Whatever the reasons, Maya civilisation largely disappeared within the deep jungle.
赏析：本句中使用了whatever引导的让步状语从句的省略形式，传达了作者对曾经辉煌的玛雅文明最终沦为废墟的深深叹惜之情。
仿写训练/完成句子
①No matter what happens, always ____________________________
________________________________, but they will happen.
无论发生什么，始终要抱有信念：你渴望的事情即使今天没有发生，但迟早终会发生。
have the belief that the things
you desire may not happen today
②It was this unique experience that made me understand ___________________________________, we should by no means give up our hope.
正是这次独特的经历让我明白：无论我们面临什么困难，都不应该放弃希望。
whatever difficulty we are faced with
(三)赏描摹之韵(场景描写)
By 700 AD, Maya civilisation was at its peak. Yet, within just a couple of generations, it began to mysteriously decline. The cities were left to be taken back by the jungle.
赏析：此处at its peak与 mysteriously decline形成鲜明对比。同时，副词yet突出了这种转折差，激发读者探究玛雅文明衰落的缘由的兴趣。最后一句中的 were left to be taken back by the jungle生动形象地展现了玛雅文明被丛林蚕食取代的场景。
仿写训练|完成下面场景描写
It began with a low rumbling sound like thunder. Soon the rumbling __________a roar. The ground _______ and deep cracks __________in the streets.Huge buildings collapsed,_______________________________. Within seconds the town____________, a terrible choking smell filling the air.
grew into
shook
opened up
sending clouds of dust into the air
lay in ruins
(地震)开始像打雷似的发出低沉的轰鸣声。不久，轰鸣声变成了咆哮。大地摇晃，街上出现了很深的裂缝。高楼倒塌，在空中扬起了团团灰尘。几秒钟的工夫，这个城镇就沦为一片废墟，空气中弥漫着令人窒息的可怕气味。
(四)赏逻辑之巧
第四段中第二至五句连用四个疑问句，引发读者思考古玛雅文明衰落的原因。第六句给出解答，同时点明本段主旨，接着后面几句对此进一步解释说明。这种段落组织模式既有利于深入阐明主题，又能极大地调动读者的阅读兴趣。
No.3 慧人生/以文化人“增才情”
打开人类历史的画卷，从浩瀚神秘的宇宙到绚丽多姿的地球，从远古生命的诞生到人类成为地球的主宰，我们可以发现：人类从未停止过对未知世界的探索。但世界之大，无奇不有。在科学已经有了飞跃式发展的今天，我们仍有许多难题没有找到答案。在人类的未知探索之路上，我们仍需砥砺前行。
Yeti, Bigfoot and the Wild Man of Shennongjia
For centuries, people have reported seeing a wild creature in the Himalayas called Yeti. The Yeti is said to be a large, hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.People believe that Yetis sometimes come down from the mountains to attack villagers.
In 1998, an American mountain climber said that he saw a Yeti on the Chinese side of the Himalayas. “It walked like a human, but it had thick black fur and was about six feet tall with huge shoulders, very long arms and large hands，” he said.
In 2007, an American TV team saw Yeti tracks 33 centimetres in length in the snow near Mount Qomolangma. They made copies of these tracks and had them examined by a scientist in the USA. He reported that they looked like the tracks of a similar creature, called Bigfoot, which some people believe lives in the forests of the north-west of the USA.
Scientists hope that the mystery will be solved one day. If such creatures really exist, we might have the chance to see one with our own eyes.
滴水穿石
1．由文积词汇
be similar to 与……相似
reserve n. (动植物)保护区
run after 追踪，追赶，跟踪
strength n. 力量，力气
existence n. 存在
convinced adj. 确信；坚信不移的
ancestor n. 祖先，祖宗
make one's way to 前往，到……去
survive vi.& vt. 生存，挺过(难关)
2．据文悟句式
句① There have been ...是there be句型的完成时形式；that引导同位语从句，补充说明reports的内容。
句② an animal是a common ancestor的同位语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词an animal。
No.4 课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
My family and I had set out on a day trip from Shillong to Cherrapunji, a town known for being one of the wettest places on Earth. However, after we had been stuck in traffic for more than four hours, one of my sisters proposed going back to the city as a last attempt to save whatever remained of the day.
A quick online search revealed other must-visit spots around Shillong. Most were familiar, but one caught our attention — Nartiang with its mysterious monoliths (独石碑). The photo showed tall stones piled together in a strange formation, appealing to us to explore further despite the lack of details provided.
That is how I found myself standing in the shadow of the huge monoliths of Nartiang, which is home to the thickest and largest collection in the region. Curious to uncover their history, I approached Maryo Symblai, a village elder I met later that day, who told me the story of the monoliths that has been orally passed down over generations. She said, “Back in the day, Nartiang didn't have a bazaar (集市) and the nearest one was at Raliang.
On one such bazaar, a giant named Mar Phalyngki was caught in heavy rain on his way back. He requested to borrow an umbrella from the Raliang chief's youngest daughter, but she wanted to test his legendary strength instead. ‘Why don't you go to lift that huge stone in the bazaar and use it as an umbrella？’ she said dismissively. Emboldened by her challenge, he just did that, but before reaching Nartiang, he placed it in a forest when the rain had stopped.”
“There is a certain overlap of ancient story and memory in the case of the Nartiang monoliths. The locals' account of how the place came to be is based on ancient stories or folk customs. But they also remember it because it served their ancestors as a weekly marketplace, a memorial, and a place for political gatherings. That is how oral history works. It mixes fact and fiction into collective memory，” said Dr Reeju Ray, a local writer.
Today, even though the traditional customs and more confirmed historical accounts offer some insight into the site, the mystery of the stone giants lasts.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者及家人探索Nartiang巨石的故事。
1．Why did the author and his family come to visit the monoliths of Nartiang
A．It was in their original trip plan.
B．They had to choose it as an alternative.
C．It was the only remaining place to visit.
D．An elder villager gave them the suggestion.
√
解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段“My family ... monoliths(独石碑)．”可知，作者及家人因为交通被困，所以改变原来的旅游路线，不得已选择参观Nartiang及其神秘的巨石。
2．Which does the underlined word “Emboldened” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Threatened. B．Moved.
C．Stimulated. D．Frightened.
解析：词义猜测题。由文章第二段“He requested ... had stopped.”可推测，这里指在女孩的话语的“刺激”下，巨人搬了石头。所以猜测Emboldened表示“被刺激”。
√
3．Why are Dr Reeju Ray's words mentioned
A．To inform what the monoliths served as.
B．To illustrate how the mysterious story came into being.
C．To introduce the feature of Nartiang monoliths.
D．To deny the overlap of ancient story and memory.
√
解析：推理判断题。由文章第三段“There is a certain ... memory”可知，文中提到Dr Reeju Ray的话是为了说明这个神秘的故事是如何产生的。
4．What is the best title for the text
A．A Trip to the Monoliths
B．The Mystery of Shillong
C．The Formation of the Monoliths
D．A Disappointing Travel Experience
√
解析：标题归纳题。由文章第一段“A quick online ... details provided.”以及下文可知，文章主要讲作者及家人探索Nartiang巨石的故事。A项“A Trip to the Monoliths (巨石之旅)”与本文主题相符合，适合作为文章标题。
B
The remains of a huge building from ancient Greece have been discovered by underwater researchers working at a site of a historic battle that took place 2,500 years ago.
The monumental construction was found in the shallow waters off the coast of Salamis during excavation (挖掘) work that took place in June and July last year.The Greek Culture Ministry, which announced the discovery, said it dates back to the time of the Battle of Salamis — a naval battle between Greek and Persian states.Underwater researchers were carrying out a study of the area when they found the remains in the shallow waters.They believed it was a large public building that was used until the late Roman times, in the third century C．E.
The researchers said it would likely have been one of the main public buildings in the area.The team found many other features relating to the building and marble sculptures.This, the ministry said, appears to date back to the fourth century B．C.E.
During the 2018 study, the researchers used a new technique where a flexible barrier was constructed, allowing them to drain (排水) the area being excavated, get a better view of the site and take samples of the remains, helping them date the building.
The discovery of the building is important as it is helping the researchers reconstruct the geography of the area 2,500 years ago.At this time — 480 B．C.E.— the Battle of Salamis took place in the straits between Salamis Island and mainland Greece.Following successful invasions (入侵) by the Persian army, the Greek ships had withdrawn to Salamis.At this point Themistocles, a politician and general, convinced Greek friends to fight, a report of the battle by the U．K.'s Cardiff University notes.
The Persians thought they had the advantage.They entered the straits of Salamis with a view to blocking the entrance.However, their large ships failed to operate well in the tight waterways and the Greeks were victorious.After this win, the Greeks defeated the Persians in several other key battles, ending the period of invasion.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了水下研究人员发现了古希腊的一座巨大建筑的遗迹，以及这一发现的意义。
5．What can be learned about the huge building
A．It was ruined during a naval battle.
B．It was still used after Roman times.
C．It was built after the Battle of Salamis.
D．It was discovered in the shallow waters.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“The monumental construction was found ... and July last year.”可知，句中“monumental construction”代指文章第一段提到的“huge building”，它是在萨拉米斯海岸的浅水区发现的。
6．What's paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Why the researchers built a barrier.
B．How the researchers drained the area.
C．Why the researchers dated the building.
D．How the researchers conducted the study.
√
解析：段落大意题。第四段主要讲述了研究人员使用了一种新技术，使他们能够排出挖掘区域的水，更好地查看现场、采集遗迹样本和确定建筑物的年代。由此可知，第四段主要讲述了研究人员是如何进行这项研究的。
7．What's the meaning of studying the remains
A．It tells people of a great politician's achievements.
B．It shows why the Persian army carried out invasions.
C．It helps the researchers know what the area used to be like.
D．It confirms the report by the U．K.'s Cardiff University.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“The discovery of the building is important ... the geography of the area 2,500 years ago.”可知，研究该遗迹的意义是有助于研究人员了解该地区过去是什么样子的。
8．What do we know about the Battle of Salamis
A．It ended with the Greeks' victory.
B．It put an end to the Persians' invasion.
C．It took place in the mainland of Greece.
D．It forced the Persians to abandon their ships.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，在萨拉米斯战役中，希腊人取得了胜利，最终结束了入侵时期。由此可知，萨拉米斯战役以希腊人的胜利而告终。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
A city in the jungle
In the summer of 1848，in Guatemala，a man called Ambrosio Tut went out into the jungle (丛林), as he did almost every day.Tut was a gum (树胶) collector，looking for gum in the jungle. 9 One day, he got to the top of one tree and something caught his eyes. He looked out across the trees and saw the tops of some old buildings.
10 He ran to tell the local governor excitedly, and together they walked into the jungle.There they found Tikal，the city that the Mayans had built, many hundreds of years before.The two men saw pyramids (金字塔), squares and houses.
For a long time before that day, local people had known that somewhere in the jungle there was an old Mayan city. 11 Between 200 and 900 AD, the city of Tikal had been the centre of Mayan civilisation in the area, but then the Mayans left it — nobody knows why! After 1 000 AD, the jungle began to cover it. 12
Seven years before Tut found Tikal, two British explorers had gone to Guatemala and had written a report about Mayan treasures in the jungle — but they hadn't mentioned Tikal. Even earlier than this, local Indians had told people about a great city hidden in the trees, but no one had listened to them. 13 Now the lost city had been found again, and people went there immediately to see it.
A．But no one had seen it for centuries.
B．To do this, he had to climb the trees.
C．And then people forgot that it was there.
D．So they lost the chance to find the treasure.
E．Tut found many other treasures after that.
F．More and more scientists began to study the Mayan city.
G．Tut didn't really know what he had seen but he knew it was something special.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Tut在危地马拉的丛林里寻找树胶的时候发现了消失已久的玛雅古城——蒂卡尔。
9．选B 根据文中的“Tut was a gum (树胶) collector，looking for gum in the jungle”及“he got to the top of one tree”可知，Tut是树胶采集者，他得爬树采集树胶。
10．选G 根据下文中的“He ran to tell ... walked into the jungle”可知，Tut不知道他看到的是什么建筑，但他知道那肯定不一般，所以他兴奋地跑去找当地的长官同他前往那里一探究竟。
11．选A 根据文中的“For a long time before that day ... there was an old Mayan city”及“After 1 000 AD, the jungle began to cover it”可知，当地人知道丛林里有一座玛雅古城，但几百年来都没有人见过它。
12．选C 根据上文中的“the jungle began to cover it”可知，森林覆盖住了这座玛雅古城，所以人们渐渐地忘记了它的存在。
13．选D 根据上文中的“Even earlier than this ... had listened to them”可知，当地印第安人曾告诉人们丛林里有一座恢宏的城市，但人们都不相信，因而失去了发现蒂卡尔这个宝藏的机会。4 / 4
UNIT 5 Into the unknown
UNIT 5 课时检测(一) “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
My family and I had set out on a day trip from Shillong to Cherrapunji, a town known for being one of the wettest places on Earth. However, after we had been stuck in traffic for more than four hours, one of my sisters proposed going back to the city as a last attempt to save whatever remained of the day. A quick online search revealed other must visit spots around Shillong. Most were familiar, but one caught our attention — Nartiang with its mysterious monoliths (独石碑). The photo showed tall stones piled together in a strange formation, appealing to us to explore further despite the lack of details provided.
That is how I found myself standing in the shadow of the huge monoliths of Nartiang, which is home to the thickest and largest collection in the region. Curious to uncover their history, I approached Maryo Symblai, a village elder I met later that day, who told me the story of the monoliths that has been orally passed down over generations. She said, “Back in the day, Nartiang didn't have a bazaar (集市) and the nearest one was at Raliang. On one such bazaar, a giant named Mar Phalyngki was caught in heavy rain on his way back. He requested to borrow an umbrella from the Raliang chief's youngest daughter, but she wanted to test his legendary strength instead. ‘Why don't you go to lift that huge stone in the bazaar and use it as an umbrella？’ she said dismissively. Emboldened by her challenge, he just did that, but before reaching Nartiang, he placed it in a forest when the rain had stopped.”
“There is a certain overlap of ancient story and memory in the case of the Nartiang monoliths. The locals' account of how the place came to be is based on ancient stories or folk customs. But they also remember it because it served their ancestors as a weekly marketplace, a memorial, and a place for political gatherings. That is how oral history works. It mixes fact and fiction into collective memory，” said Dr Reeju Ray, a local writer.
Today, even though the traditional customs and more confirmed historical accounts offer some insight into the site, the mystery of the stone giants lasts.
1．Why did the author and his family come to visit the monoliths of Nartiang
A．It was in their original trip plan.
B．They had to choose it as an alternative.
C．It was the only remaining place to visit.
D．An elder villager gave them the suggestion.
2．Which does the underlined word “Emboldened” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Threatened. B.Moved.
C．Stimulated. D.Frightened.
3．Why are Dr Reeju Ray's words mentioned
A．To inform what the monoliths served as.
B．To illustrate how the mysterious story came into being.
C．To introduce the feature of Nartiang monoliths.
D．To deny the overlap of ancient story and memory.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．A Trip to the Monoliths
B．The Mystery of Shillong
C．The Formation of the Monoliths
D．A Disappointing Travel Experience
B
The remains of a huge building from ancient Greece have been discovered by underwater researchers working at a site of a historic battle that took place 2,500 years ago.
The monumental construction was found in the shallow waters off the coast of Salamis during excavation (挖掘) work that took place in June and July last year.The Greek Culture Ministry, which announced the discovery, said it dates back to the time of the Battle of Salamis — a naval battle between Greek and Persian states.Underwater researchers were carrying out a study of the area when they found the remains in the shallow waters.They believed it was a large public building that was used until the late Roman times, in the third century C．E.
The researchers said it would likely have been one of the main public buildings in the area.The team found many other features relating to the building and marble sculptures.This, the ministry said, appears to date back to the fourth century B．C.E.
During the 2018 study, the researchers used a new technique where a flexible barrier was constructed, allowing them to drain (排水) the area being excavated, get a better view of the site and take samples of the remains, helping them date the building.
The discovery of the building is important as it is helping the researchers reconstruct the geography of the area 2,500 years ago.At this time — 480 B．C.E.— the Battle of Salamis took place in the straits between Salamis Island and mainland Greece.Following successful invasions (入侵) by the Persian army, the Greek ships had withdrawn to Salamis.At this point Themistocles, a politician and general, convinced Greek friends to fight, a report of the battle by the U．K.'s Cardiff University notes.The Persians thought they had the advantage.They entered the straits of Salamis with a view to blocking the entrance.However, their large ships failed to operate well in the tight waterways and the Greeks were victorious.After this win, the Greeks defeated the Persians in several other key battles, ending the period of invasion.
5．What can be learned about the huge building
A．It was ruined during a naval battle.
B．It was still used after Roman times.
C．It was built after the Battle of Salamis.
D．It was discovered in the shallow waters.
6．What's paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Why the researchers built a barrier.
B．How the researchers drained the area.
C．Why the researchers dated the building.
D．How the researchers conducted the study.
7．What's the meaning of studying the remains
A．It tells people of a great politician's achievements.
B．It shows why the Persian army carried out invasions.
C．It helps the researchers know what the area used to be like.
D．It confirms the report by the U．K.'s Cardiff University.
8．What do we know about the Battle of Salamis
A．It ended with the Greeks' victory.
B．It put an end to the Persians' invasion.
C．It took place in the mainland of Greece.
D．It forced the Persians to abandon their ships.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
A city in the jungle
In the summer of 1848，in Guatemala，a man called Ambrosio Tut went out into the jungle (丛林), as he did almost every day.Tut was a gum (树胶) collector，looking for gum in the jungle. __9__ One day, he got to the top of one tree and something caught his eyes. He looked out across the trees and saw the tops of some old buildings.
__10__ He ran to tell the local governor excitedly, and together they walked into the jungle.There they found Tikal，the city that the Mayans had built, many hundreds of years before.The two men saw pyramids (金字塔), squares and houses.
For a long time before that day, local people had known that somewhere in the jungle there was an old Mayan city. __11__ Between 200 and 900 AD, the city of Tikal had been the centre of Mayan civilisation in the area, but then the Mayans left it — nobody knows why! After 1 000 AD, the jungle began to cover it. __12__
Seven years before Tut found Tikal, two British explorers had gone to Guatemala and had written a report about Mayan treasures in the jungle — but they hadn't mentioned Tikal. Even earlier than this, local Indians had told people about a great city hidden in the trees, but no one had listened to them. __13__ Now the lost city had been found again, and people went there immediately to see it.
A．But no one had seen it for centuries.
B．To do this, he had to climb the trees.
C．And then people forgot that it was there.
D．So they lost the chance to find the treasure.
E．Tut found many other treasures after that.
F．More and more scientists began to study the Mayan city.
G．Tut didn't really know what he had seen but he knew it was something special.
UNIT 5 课时检测(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[A]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者及家人探索Nartiang巨石的故事。
1．选B 细节理解题。由文章第一段“My family ... monoliths(独石碑)．”可知，作者及家人因为交通被困，所以改变原来的旅游路线，不得已选择参观Nartiang及其神秘的巨石。
2．选C 词义猜测题。由文章第二段“He requested ... had stopped.”可推测，这里指在女孩的话语的“刺激”下，巨人搬了石头。所以猜测Emboldened表示“被刺激”。
3．选B 推理判断题。由文章第三段“There is a certain ... memory”可知，文中提到Dr Reeju Ray的话是为了说明这个神秘的故事是如何产生的。
4．选A 标题归纳题。由文章第一段“A quick online ... details provided.”以及下文可知，文章主要讲作者及家人探索Nartiang巨石的故事。A项“A Trip to the Monoliths (巨石之旅)”与本文主题相符合，适合作为文章标题。
[B]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了水下研究人员发现了古希腊的一座巨大建筑的遗迹，以及这一发现的意义。
5．选D 细节理解题。根据第二段“The monumental construction was found ... and July last year.”可知，句中“monumental construction”代指文章第一段提到的“huge building”，它是在萨拉米斯海岸的浅水区发现的。
6．选D 段落大意题。第四段主要讲述了研究人员使用了一种新技术，使他们能够排出挖掘区域的水，更好地查看现场、采集遗迹样本和确定建筑物的年代。由此可知，第四段主要讲述了研究人员是如何进行这项研究的。
7．选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The discovery of the building is important ... the geography of the area 2,500 years ago.”可知，研究该遗迹的意义是有助于研究人员了解该地区过去是什么样子的。
8．选A 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，在萨拉米斯战役中，希腊人取得了胜利，最终结束了入侵时期。由此可知，萨拉米斯战役以希腊人的胜利而告终。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Tut在危地马拉的丛林里寻找树胶的时候发现了消失已久的玛雅古城——蒂卡尔。
9．选B 根据文中的“Tut was a gum (树胶) collector，looking for gum in the jungle”及“he got to the top of one tree”可知，Tut是树胶采集者，他得爬树采集树胶。
10．选G 根据下文中的“He ran to tell ... walked into the jungle”可知，Tut不知道他看到的是什么建筑，但他知道那肯定不一般，所以他兴奋地跑去找当地的长官同他前往那里一探究竟。
11．选A 根据文中的“For a long time before that day ... there was an old Mayan city”及“After 1000 AD, the jungle began to cover it”可知，当地人知道丛林里有一座玛雅古城，但几百年来都没有人见过它。
12．选C 根据上文中的“the jungle began to cover it”可知，森林覆盖住了这座玛雅古城，所以人们渐渐地忘记了它的存在。
13．选D 根据上文中的“Even earlier than this ... had listened to them”可知，当地印第安人曾告诉人们丛林里有一座恢宏的城市，但人们都不相信，因而失去了发现蒂卡尔这个宝藏的机会。
