6_Unit 6 At one with nature单元精讲精练课件-外研版必修第一册

(共40张PPT)
词汇1　prevent v.阻挡,防止
The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.平坦的梯
田能够储存雨水,防止土壤被冲走。 (教材 P83)
情景导学
It is wise to regularly reflect on your past mistakes to prevent yourself (from) repeating them.定
期反思过去的错误以防止你自己重复它们是明智的。 (写作·建议信)
Anyone who doesn't have an invitation letter will be prevented from entering the building.任
何没有邀请函的人都将被阻止进入大楼。 (写作·通知)
高频词汇精讲
高频词汇 情景破
用法归纳
prevent sb. (from) doing sth.阻止某人(做)某事
→sb. be prevented 　　　 doing sth.某人被阻止做某事
特别提醒
表示“阻止某人做某事”的表达还有stop sb. (from) doing sth.和keep sb. from (doing)
sth.等,其中stop短语中的介词from可以省略,但keep短语中的from不能省略。在被动结构中,
以上短语中的from均不可省略。
词汇拓展
①prevention n.预防;防止;防范
②preventable adj.(疾病)可预防的;(死亡)可避免的
from
词汇2　harmony n.融洽相处,和谐
But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony
with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.但也许最重要的是人与自然和谐相处建造这
些梯田和种植水稻的方式。 (教材 P84)
情景导学
His action is not in harmony with his words.他言行不一。
It is obvious that the style of the building is out of harmony with its surroundings.很明显,这座建
筑的风格与周围环境不协调。
Although there are wars, I believe it's possible for all countries to live in harmony with each other
in the future.虽然有战争,但我相信未来所有国家彼此和睦相处是可能的。
用法归纳
①be 　　　 harmony (with sb./sth.) (与某人/某物)一致,协调
②be 　　　 harmony (with sb./sth.) (与某人/某物)不一致,不协调
③live　　　 harmony with...与……和谐相处
词汇拓展
harmonious adj.和谐的,融洽的
In short, a good and harmonious environment at home is necessary for a child to grow healthy.
总之,良好和谐的家庭环境对孩子的健康成长至关重要。
in
out of　
in
词汇3　design v.设计 n.设计;设计图案;打算
The terraces are cleverly designed, with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.
这些梯田设计巧妙,其间有数百条相互连通的水渠。 (教材P84)
情景导学
This diet is designed for people who want to lose weight.这个饮食(计划)是为想要减肥的人而
设计的。
The activity is designed to raise students' awareness of saving water.该活动旨在提高学生的节
水意识。 (写作·活动介绍)
It is said that a boy left his schoolbag on the plane by design because he didn't want to do his
homework.据说一个男孩故意把书包落在飞机上, 因为他不想做家庭作业。
①be designed 　　　 为……而设计
②be designed 　　　 sth.目的是/计划做某事;被设计用来做某事
③　　　 design故意地,蓄意地(=on purpose)
词汇拓展
designer n.设计师
用法归纳
for
to do　
by
词汇4　harm vt.& n.伤害,损害
These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on in-
sects that can harm the rice crops.这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的环境,而其中一些鸟
和鱼又以危害水稻的昆虫为食。 (教材P84)
情景导学
Some students think that smartphones not only take up our valuable time, but also do great harm
to our health.一些学生认为,智能手机不仅占用了我们宝贵的时间,而且对我们的健康造成了
极大的危害。 (写作·个人观点)
There is no harm in saying sorry to your friend first if you two have quarreled.如果你们俩吵架
了,不妨先向你的朋友说对不起。
用法归纳
①do no/great/much/a lot of harm没有/有极大的/有很多害处
②do sb./sth. harm=do harm 　　 sb./sth.对某人/某物有害
③there is no harm　　　 doing sth.做某事无害处;不妨做某事
词汇拓展
①harmful adj.有害的,导致损害的
be harmful to...对……有害处
Smoking is not only harmful to smokers themselves,but it also threatens other people's health.
吸烟不仅对吸烟者自己有害,也会威胁到其他人的健康。 (写作·健康)
②harmless adj.无害的;无恶意的
to
in
词汇5　replace v.以……替换;更换;代替
In sentence (a), can we replace “in which” with “where” without changing the mean-
ing 在(a)句中,我们能否在不改变含义的情况下用“where”替换“in which” (教材P86)
情景导学
Suddenly, curiosity replaced my initial disappointment.突然,好奇心取代了我最初的失望。(读
后续写·心理描写)
Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with/by bicycles.如果我们用自行车代替汽车,
我们的城市将会变成更好的地方。 (2022全国乙)
He will replace his father as the general manager of the company next year.明年他将取代他父亲
成为公司的总经理。
用法归纳
①replace sb./sth.取代某人/某物
②replace A　　　 B 用B代替/接替A
③replace sb.　　　 ... 取代某人成为……
词汇拓展
①replacement n.[U]替换 [C]替代品;接替者
②replaceable adj.可替换的;可代替的
③表示“代替”的其他表达:take the place of sb./sth.;take sb.'s/sth.'s place;in place of sb./sth.;in
sb.'s/sth.'s place;instead of sb./sth.等。
If I refused to go, they would send someone else in my place.如果我拒绝去,他们会派其他人
代替我。
Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.现在我可以步行去上班,而不必开车了。
with/by　
as
Electric bicycles will gradually replace/take the place of fuel vehicles and motorcycles for
short-distance travel in the near future.在不久的将来,电动自行车将逐渐取代燃料汽车和摩托
车进行短途旅行。(China Daily)
词汇6　living adj.活的,活着的 n.生计,谋生;生活方式
Located off the coast of Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is the biggest structure made by
living organisms.大堡礁位于澳大利亚海岸附近,是由活的生物体构成的最大的结构。 (教
材P87)
情景导学
In the 1980s, he went to Shenzhen with his wife to make/earn a living.在20世纪80年代,他和他
的妻子一起去深圳谋生。
用法归纳
make/earn a living　　　
谋生
living 意为“活着的,活的”;引申为“生动的;逼真的;栩栩如生的”,作前置定语和表语 He's the world's most famous living artist.他是世界上仍然健在的最著名的艺术家。
alive 意为“活着的,在世的”,侧重说明生与死之间的界限,作表语、补语、后置定语 He has been missing for a long time. No one
knows whether he is dead or alive.他失踪很久了。没有人知道他是死是活。
lively 意为“活泼的,活跃的,充满生气的”,可作定语,表语和补语 She's a lively child and popular with everyone.她是个活泼的孩子,很受大家欢迎。
live 意为“活的(通常指动物);现场直播的;现场演出的”,常用作定语,放在名词的前面 I love their music, but I've never seen their live
performance.我喜欢他们的音乐,但我从未看过他们的现场表演。
易混辨析
living,alive,lively,live作形容词的区别:
词汇7　narrow adj.狭窄的,不宽的;勉强的;狭隘的 v.(使)变窄;缩小
Tourists can stand on a narrow glass platform called the Skywalk to see the Grand Canyon.游客
可以站在一个叫作“空中走廊”的狭窄的玻璃平台上观看科罗拉多大峡谷。(教材 P87)
情景导学
Last year I had a narrow escape, and I don't want to risk my life a second time.去年我死里逃生,
因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。
I watched as my mother's eyes narrowed and her face tightened.我看着母亲眯起眼睛,脸也绷紧
了。 (读后续写·神态描写)
We will continue to narrow the differences down to the minimum.我们将继续将分歧缩小到最
小。
①a narrow street/road/path狭窄的道路
②have a narrow escape　　　　 　
③narrow...　　　 (to...)把……缩小(在……之内)
词汇拓展
narrowly adv.勉强地;以毫厘之差;狭隘地
用法归纳
死里逃生,幸免于难　
down
词汇8　rent v.租用,租借 n.租金;房租
Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which to grow things.那些住宅
外部没有空间的居民可以租用小块土地来种植东西。(教材 P92)
情景导学
Did you rent the car from that company 你是从那家公司租的车吗
The old couple rented rooms (out) to students in the neighbourhood.那对老夫妇将房间租给了
附近的学生。
Do you have a three-bedroom apartment for rent 你有带三间卧室的公寓要出租吗
用法归纳
①rent sth. (out) 　　　 sb.=rent sb.sth. 把某物租给某人
②rent sth.　　　 sb.从某人处租借某物
③　　　 rent出租;招租
to
from
for
词汇9　limited adj.有限的;受限制的
But in cities,limited space has led to people looking for new solutions.但在城市里,有限的
空间致使人们寻找新的解决方案。(教材92)
情景导学
The poetry contest is limited to poems that reflect the themes of traditional Chinese culture, such
as nature and family.诗歌比赛仅限于反映中国传统文化主题的诗歌,如自然和家庭。 (写作·
活动介绍)
用法归纳
be limited 　　　 受限于……,局限到……
词汇拓展
①limitless adj.无限的
to
②limit v.限制;限定n.限制;(常作复数)范围;界限
limit...to... 把……限定在……范围内
within limits 在合理限度内
to the limit到达极限
set a limit to/on...对……设定限度
Your speech is a little long, so you'd better limit it to five minutes.你的演讲有点长,所以你最
好把它限制在五分钟之内。
Only when you push yourself to the limit can you know your potential.只有当你把自己逼到
极限时,你才能知道自己的潜力。 (读后续写·人生哲理)
I suggest you set a limit on the time that you spend on your smartphone.我建议你对你在智能
手机上花的时间设一个限制。 (写作·建议信)
词汇10　benefit n.好处,益处 v.使受益;得益于;得利于
What are the benefits of gardening 干园艺活的好处是什么 (教材P93)
情景导学
It is said that doing Tai Chi is of great benefit to health, so you can try it.据说打太极拳对健康大
有裨益,所以你可以试试。 (写作·运动与健康)
Numerous soldiers gave their precious lives for the benefit of the independence of our mother-
land.无数的士兵为了我们祖国的独立献出了宝贵的生命。
These activities have sharpened my interpersonal skills, which will benefit me for life.这些活动
提高了我的人际交往能力,这将使我终身受益。 (写作·活动介绍)
In my opinion, students can benefit a lot from doing some housework.在我看来,学生可以从做
家务中受益良多。 (2021全国乙)
用法归纳
①　　　 the benefit of sb./sth.=for sb.'s/sth.'s benefit为了某人/某物的利益
②be 　　　 benefit (to...)(对……)有益;(对……)有好处
③benefit sb./sth.使某人/某物受益
④benefit 　　　 ... 从……中受益/获益
词汇拓展
beneficial adj.有利的;有益的;有用的
be beneficial to...(=be of benefit to...)有益于……;对……有好处
Cycling is highly beneficial to health and the environment.骑自行车运动对健康和环境非常
有益。
for
of　
from/by
高频词汇积累
词汇 释义 用法&拓展
wrap v.包,裹 wrap sth. up 把某物包裹起来
wrap A(up)in B用B包裹A
be wrapped up in... 专心致志于……;完全沉浸于……
sheet n.(冰或水等的)一大片;一张(纸);薄板;床单 a single sheet of paper一张纸(2020新高考Ⅰ)
completion n.完成,结束 complete vt.完成 adj.完全的;彻底的
completely adv.完全地;彻底地
therefore adv.因此,由此 so adv.因此,所以
thus adv.因此,从而
consequently adv.因此,所以
consumer n.消费者 consume v.消耗,耗费(燃料、能量、时间等)
consumption n.消费;消耗,消耗量
priority n.优先处理的事,当务之急;优
先,优先权 give priority to...优先考虑……;给……优先权
have/take priority over...优先于……;比……重要
prior adj.在前的;优先的,占先的
(be) prior to... 在……之前
beauty n.美,美丽;美人;美好的东西 a beauty一个美人;一个美丽的事物
a sense of beauty美感
enjoy the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone欣赏黄石国家
公园的美景和奇观(2023新课标Ⅱ)
beautify v.美化;使更美丽
beautiful adj.美丽的;迷人的
desert n.沙漠,荒漠 v.抛弃,离弃,遗弃(生义) The climate is very dry in the desert area.沙漠地区气候很
干燥。
Don't desert your pets after adopting them.在收养了宠物之后不要遗弃它们。
deserted adj.空寂无人的;被遗弃的
publish v.出版;发表;公布 His first novel was published in 2002. 他的第一部小说于2002年出版。
The report will be published on the Internet.报告将在互联
网上公布。
publication n.发表;出版
publisher n.出版商;发行人
expert adj.内行的,专家的 n.专家;行家;能手 be expert at/in (doing) sth.在(做)某事方面是专家/经验
(或知识)丰富;擅长(做)某事
an expert at/in/on (doing) sth.(做)某事的专家/能手;某方面的专家/能手
pleasant adj.令人愉快的 It has a pleasant atmosphere.
它有一个愉快的气氛。(2021全国乙)
please v.使满意;使愉快
pleased adj.高兴的;喜欢的;满意的
pleasure n.高兴;快乐
energy n.力量,活力;能源 be full of energy 充满活力
solar/nuclear energy 太阳能/核能
energetic adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的
结构1　with的复合结构
Today, millions of Brits like to say that they have “green fingers”,with around half the
population spending their free time gardening.如今,数百万的英国人喜欢说他们有“园艺之
手”,其中约有一半的人把空闲时间花在园艺上。(教材 P91)
情景导学
A handsome man stood there,with a bunch of flowers in his hands.一个帅气的男人站在那里,手
里捧着一束鲜花。
He turned to me,with his eyes full of horror. 他转向我,眼里充满了恐惧。 (读后续写·神态描
写)
With my homework finished, I gladly accepted her invitation.作业做完后,我高兴地接受了她的
邀请。
经典结构 情景破
With much housework to do, she doesn't even have time to go shopping.因为有很多家务要做,她
甚至没有时间去购物。
With tears streaming down her face, she hugged her mum tightly. 泪流满面,她紧紧地拥抱着妈
妈。(读后续写·场景描写)
用法归纳
with的复合结构指的是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”,在句中常作原因、条件、时间、方
式或伴随状语或后置定语。常见形式有:
①with+宾语+　　　　　 (表示动作未做)
②with+宾语+　　　 (表示主动或进行)
③with+宾语+　　　 (表示被动或完成)
④with+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语(表示状态)
动词不定式　
现在分词　
过去分词
结构2　“否定词+比较级”表示最高级
And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass...虽然
许多英国人最喜欢的莫过于在周日修剪草坪……(教材 P92)
情景导学
—What do you think of the film
—It couldn't be worse.
——你觉得这部电影怎么样
——糟糕透了。
What a wonderful novel! I have never read a more moving one.多么好的一部小说啊!我从来没
有读过比这更感人的小说了。
用法归纳
否定词与形容词或副词比较级连用,表示最高级的意思,意为“　　　　 　 ”。常用的否定词有no、not、never、nothing、nobody、hardly等。
非常……,再没有比……更……的了
Sentence 1
译文　因此,建造梯田意味着他们可以扩大水稻的种植面积。
Sentence 2
译文　但也许最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处,建造这些梯田和种植水稻的方式。
长难句 图解
主语
宾语
定语
主语
定语
Sentence 3
译文 如今,龙脊梯田吸引了成千上万的游客前来观赏这一人与自然共同创造的伟大奇观。
长难句 图解
定语
wonder
定语从句(3) (“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句)
一、“介词+关系代词”结构中的关系代词
情景导学
He is the person to whom you should make a request.他就是那个你应该向其提出请求的人。
The university in which my brother once studied is very famous.我哥哥曾经就读的那所大学很
有名气。
Do you know the girl with whom the man talked just now 你认识刚才和那个男人谈话的那个
女孩吗
The computer for which I paid 5,000 yuan is made in Shenzhen.我花了五千元买的那台电脑是
在深圳制造的。
必备语法 情景破
用法归纳
　　“介词+关系代词”结构中的关系代词可用which或whom,不可用that。指人时常用①
　　 ;指物时用②　　　 。
二、“介词+关系代词”结构中介词的确定
情景导学1
This is the factory in which my father once worked.这是我父亲曾经工作过的工厂。(in the fac-
tory)
Do you still remember the day on which we went to visit the museum together 你还记得我们一
起去参观博物馆的那一天吗 (on the day)
There's no reason for which we shouldn't be friends.我们没有理由不成为朋友。(for the reason)
whom　
which
I don't like the way in which you talk to your mother.我不喜欢你和你妈妈说话的方式。(in the
way)
This is the camera with which he often takes photos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with the
camera)
用法归纳1
看③ 　　 词。介词往往和④　　　 词构成固定搭配。比如时间常和on、in搭配;地点
常和on、in、at搭配;原因用for;方式用in、by、with等。
情景导学2
Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.昨天我们参观了西湖,杭州
因其而出名。(be famous for因……而出名)
Gun control is a subject about which Americans have argued for a long time.枪支管制是美国人
先行
先行
争论已久的话题。(argue about争论)
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon/on which school education depends.一
些专家认为,阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。(depend on/upon依赖)
用法归纳2
根据从句中的动词或形容词的⑤　　　 确定介词。
情景导学3
He was educated at the local high school,after which he went on to Peking University.他在当地
的高中接受教育,之后他继续上了北京大学。
He has been a sales assistant here for nine years,before which he was a photographer.他已经在这
里当了九年的销售助理了,在这之前他是个摄影师。
搭配习惯　
用法归纳3
通过判断所表达的⑥　　　 来确定合适的介词。
三、“介词+关系代词”的拓展
1.短语介词+关系代词
情景导学
He was badly hurt in the accident,because of which he didn't go to work.他在事故中严重受伤,
因此他没去上班。
They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a boy.他们来到一座农舍,农舍前面坐着一个
男孩。
用法归纳
常用于该结构中的短语介词有⑦　　　 、in front of、as a result of、at the back of等。
意义
because of　
2.表部分或整体概念的“代词/数词+of+关系代词”
情景导学
Here are the questions,some of which I think are too difficult for you.就是这些问题,我认为其中
一些对你来说太难了。
He wrote many children's books, nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.他写了许多儿
童书籍,其中近一半是在20世纪90年代出版的。
She brought her three friends,two of whom I hadn't seen before.她带来了她的三个朋友,其中两
个我以前没有见过。
用法归纳
表示定语从句中主语或宾语(人或物)的存在范围的介词通常用⑧ 　　　 。表示部分或整
体概念的代词有some、both、all、neither、none、either、any、most、few、half等。
of
3.“the+名词+of+关系代词”的用法
情景导学
The newly built café,whose walls were painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, espe-
cially after hard work.
→The newly built café,the walls of which were painted light green, is really a peaceful place for
us, especially after hard work.这个新建的咖啡馆的墙被漆成了淡绿色,这个地方对我们来说
真是个安静的地方,特别是在辛苦的工作之后。
用法归纳
定语从句中,“关系代词whose+名词”可以转换成“the+名词+of+关系代词”。
即时巩固讲
单句语法填空
1.(2023新课标Ⅱ)Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's
special education students, many of 　　　 have emotional control issues.
2.(2022新高考Ⅰ)Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in
class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of 　　　 will be graded.
3.Can you tell me the reason 　　　　 which you were late again
4.In the desert, there wasn't a single person to 　　　　 she could turn for help.
5.The couple felt most angry about the way 　　　　 which the waiter of the hotel treated
them.
6.Students should take an active part in the community activities from 　　　　 they can gain
whom
which
for
whom
in
which
social experience.
7.Whether students can take phones to school or not is a subject 　　　　 which we have ar-
gued for a long time.
8.She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction of 　　　　 had taken more
than three years.
about/over
which