8 / 8
Section Ⅱ “Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节
新学词汇·归类记清
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．help a comrade in difficulty 帮助有困难的__________
2．the tragic scenes ______________画面
3．the clinic ________________
4．the outbreak of Ebola ________________
5．be surrounded by vomit 周围充斥着_______________
6．end in miracles 最终产生了_______________
7．in the back of a van 在_______的车斗里
8．the twin girls ____________姐妹
9．a surgical ward 外科____________
10．compensate victims __________受害人
11．collaborate with him 与他____________
二、重点单词——写其形
1．national __________ 国界
2．according to the ________ 根据这项统计数据
3．__________ these problems 处理这些问题
4．provide _________ information 提供重要信息
5．__________ this disease 防止这种疾病
6．__________ clothing 给衣服消毒
三、活用单词——悉其变
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
四、拓展构词——明其规
specialist：-ist后缀表示“从事某种职业的人”
[依“规”串记]
①scientist 科学家 ②physicist 物理学家
③pianist 钢琴家 ④violinist 小提琴家
⑤typist 打字员 ⑥artist 艺术家
五、高级词块——通其用
1．______________ 不管；不顾
2．______________ 处于危险中
3．______________ 心存侥幸；冒险
4．______________ 战友
5．______________ 把……置于危险之中
6．______________ 参与；卷入
7．______________ 至少
8．______________ 在某人五十多岁的时候
9．______________ 对……表示放弃；对……不抱希望
10．______________ 尽管凶多吉少，尽管极其困难
11．______________ 完全恢复
12．______________ 弥补，补偿
13．______________ 被困在……中；被卷入……
14．______________ 更不用说，更不用提
15．______________ 接替某人(的职责或工作)
重点词汇·深化学习
1．It assists people based on need, regardless of which country they are from.
它根据人们的受困情况进行援助，不管他们来自哪个国家。
★assist v．协助，帮助，援助
[用法感知]
①(名言警句)To preserve a friend, three things are required：to honour him present, praise him absent, and assist him in his necessities.
维持友谊需要三点：当面尊重他，背后赞扬他，必要时帮助他。
②I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals.我经常在饭后帮父母洗碗。
③(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)With the instructor's assistance, it wasn't long before I mastered the basic skills of playing guitar.
在指导老师的帮助下，我不久就掌握了弹吉他的基本技巧。
[归纳点拨]
(1)assist sb.in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist (sb.) in/with sth. 帮助(某人)某事
assist sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
(2)assistant n. 助手，助理；售货员
(3)assistance n. 帮助；援助；支持
with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
come to one's assistance 来帮助某人
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/替换加黑词汇)
④We're looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us ______ the group's work.
⑤For __________ (assist), please call Queensland Rail on 131617.
⑥I have such a good command of English that I am elected as __________ (assist) to my English teacher.
⑦A wave of bitter disappointment swept over him when no one came __________ his assistance on the boundless sea.
⑧I will make great progress under the help of you.______________
2．But it is vital not to take any chances.
但重要的是我们不能心存侥幸。
★vital adj.极其重要的
[用法感知]
①I personally hold that good sportsmanship is of vital importance for athletes.
我个人认为，良好的体育精神对运动员至关重要。
②(“演讲”类写作佳句)If we are to make a difference in life, it is vital for us to begin with small things.如果我们要在生活中有所作为，从小事开始对我们来说至关重要。
③(“倡议”类写作佳句)It is vital that we act to stop the destruction of the rainforests.
至关重要的是，我们应当行动起来制止破坏雨林。
归纳点拨 (1)be vital for/to sth. 对……极为重要It is vital that ...(should) do sth. ……是十分重要的It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要(2)vitally adv. 极其；绝对
联想发散 在“It is vital that ...”句式中， that引导的从句常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。类似的句式还有“It is necessary/natural/important/strange/essential ...that ...”。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④He told us that education of the youth would be vital __________ the future of a country.
⑤It is vital __________ (get) the victim to the hospital at once.
⑥Education is __________ (vital) important for the country's future.
(2)补全语段
⑦We all acknowledge that trees ______________________ and the survival of our planet.They ____________ reducing global warming and creating habitat for thousands of different species.So, ____________ to fight deforestation and promote tree planting.
我们都认可，树木对于环境以及地球的生存至关重要。它们在减缓全球变暖以及为成千上万不同物种创造栖息地方面发挥着至关重要的作用。因此，对我们来说，打击滥砍滥伐并促进植树造林至关重要。
3．I knew I was putting my life at risk, but I thought, “If I don't do it, who will？”
我知道这样做是在冒生命危险，但是我想：“假如我不去做，又有谁会去呢？”
★put ...at risk把……置于危险之中
[用法感知]
①You are putting yourself at risk if you go on driving at this speed.如果你继续以这个速度开车，你就是在把自己置于危险之中。
②(“动作描写”佳句)At the risk of drowning himself, Uncle Henry ran to the riverside, jumped into the water without hesitation, and brought Robert to the shore.
亨利叔叔冒着溺水的危险跑到河边，毫不犹豫地跳入水中，把罗伯特带到岸边。
③Two daring sparrows had risked landing on our territory to enjoy the breadcrumbs on our kitchen counter.
两只勇敢的麻雀冒险降落在我们的地盘上，享用厨房柜台上的面包屑。
[归纳点拨]
(1)at risk 遭受危险；处境危险
at the risk of ... 冒着……的危险
run the risk (of doing sth.)冒着(做某事的)危险；有……的危险
at one's own risk 自担风险，责任自负
increase/reduce the risk of (doing) sth. 增加/降低(做)某事的风险
(2)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
risk one's life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④He saved my life __________ the risk of losing his own.
⑤The young man who risked his life ________ (save) the drowning child covered himself with glory.
(2)一句多译
他为面试做好了充分的准备，因为他不能冒险失去这个好机会。
⑥He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't ___________________________.(risk v．)
⑦He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't ____________________________________________.(risk n．)
4．My mission was to relieve Emma, a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.我的任务是接替埃玛，她是一位加拿大传染病专家，任期届满。
★relieve v．给(某人)换班，接替；解除，减轻，缓和
[用法感知]
①(“景物描写”佳句)Twinkling stars were blinking in the night sky, and fragrant breeze gently stroked my head, which relieve me of all the tiredness along the trip.
璀璨的群星在夜空闪烁，清香的微风轻抚着我的头，缓解了我旅途中所有的疲劳。
②It was a great relief to know that he went back home safe and sound.
得知他安然无恙地回家了，真是一件令人宽慰的事。
③(“动作描写”佳句)At the sight of us, they were relieved and hugged us tightly.一看到我们，他们就松了一口气，紧紧地拥抱着我们。
[归纳点拨]
(1)relieve sb.of ... 解除某人的负担；
减轻某人的痛苦
(2)relief n． (焦虑、痛苦等的)减轻，消除；宽慰；轻松
in/with relief 如释重负，松了口气
to one's (great) relief 使某人(大为)欣慰的是
(3)relieved adj. 放心的；感到宽慰的
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④It was __________ relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle of the road.
⑤Every time I hear classical music or jazz, a sense of __________ (relieve) arises naturally.
⑥After she finished writing up the interview, she gave a sigh as if relieved __________ a heavy burden.
⑦Hearing the good news, he laughed ______ relief.
(2)一句多译
使她欣慰的是，她一结束演讲就听到全班爆发出一阵掌声。
⑧______________________， immediately she finished her speech, she heard a storm of applause erupting from the class.(relief)
⑨________________ was that immediately she finished her speech, she heard a storm of applause erupting from the class.(主语从句)
⑩__________， immediately she finished her speech, she heard a storm of applause erupting from the class.(形容词作状语)
1．When I saw the tragic scenes on the news, I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.当我从新闻上看到一幅幅凄惨的画面时，我觉得作为医生我有责任到那里去帮忙。
感知将学语法——it作形式主语
句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to go there and offer my help。it作形式主语，可以代替不定式、动名词或者从句。
①It is very important to tell her father everything.(it代替不定式)把这一切告诉她父亲是很重要的。
②It's no good staying up late.(it代替动名词)
熬夜没有好处。
③It's quite certain that he will come to attend the meeting.(it代替主语从句)
他一定会来参加会议。
2．As she talked, I could hear at least three different languages being spoken at the tables around us.
她说话的时候，我可以听到隔壁桌传过来的谈话声，至少混着三种不同的语言。
句中hear at least three different languages being spoken是“hear ...being done”结构，意为“听到……正在被做”，v.-ing形式的被动式作宾语补足语。“hear＋宾语＋宾补”的句型还有：
hear sb.do sth.“听到某人做了某事”，强调动作的全过程；
hear sb.doing sth.“听到某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行；
hear sb./sth.done“听到某人/某事被……”，强调动作的被动和完成。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构
(单句语法填空/句型转换)
①When seeing this terrible scene, I could hear my heart __________ (beat) fast.
②When mother came into the room, she heard the keyboard ______________ (tap)．
③I often hear the English song sung for it is very popular in the school.
→The English song ____________________ for it is very popular in the school.
④I heard a girl sing upstairs yesterday.
→A girl ____________________ yesterday.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
⑤我的脸颊通红，抬头仰望蔚蓝天空时，我能听到自己的呼吸沉重。
My cheeks were red, and I could __________________________________ as I looked up at the blue sky.
⑥听到有人叫他的名字，这个昏昏欲睡的男孩惊慌地站了起来。
__________________________________， the sleepy boy stood up in astonishment.
⑦我们看到有些古建筑正在被破坏或拆除。
We see some ancient buildings __________________________________.
[名师点津] hear后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，即hear sb.do sth.，但在被动语态中必须带to，即sb.be heard to do sth.。有类似用法的感官动词或使役动词有：一感：feel；二听：hear, listen to；三使：let, have, make；五看：observe, see, watch, look at, notice。
Section Ⅱ
NO.1 积词汇
新学词汇·归类记清
一、1.同志 2.凄惨的 3.诊所 4.埃博拉病毒爆发 5.呕吐物
6．奇迹 7.小货车 8.双胞胎 9.病房 10.补偿 11.合作
二、1.boundaries 2.statistic 3.tackle 4.vital 5.combat 6.disinfect
三、1.①assist ②assistance ③assistant
2．①relieve ②relief
3．①specialist ②special
4．①infect ②infection
5．①devote ②devotion ③devoted
五、1.regardless of 2.in danger 3.take any chances 4.comrade in arms 5.put ...at risk 6.be involved in 7.at least 8.in one's 50s
9．give up on ... 10.against all odds 11.make a full recovery
12．compensate for 13.be caught up in ... 14.not to mention
15．step into one's shoes
重点词汇·深化学习
1．④in/with ⑤assistance ⑥assistant ⑦to ⑧with the assistance of
2．④for/to ⑤to get ⑥vitally ⑦are vital for/to the environment; play a vital role in; it is vital for us
3．④at ⑤to save ⑥risk losing the good opportunity
⑦run the risk of losing the good opportunity
4．④a ⑤relief ⑥of ⑦with/in ⑧To her relief
⑨What made her relieved ⑩Relieved
NO.2 通句式
2．①beating ②being tapped ③is often heard sung
④was heard to sing upstairs ⑤hear myself breathing heavily
⑥Hearing his name called ⑦being destroyed or pulled down(共96张PPT)
Section Ⅱ
“Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节
NO 1
积词汇/由记准到用活
NO 2
通句式/由规则到熟用
NO 3
课时跟踪检测
目 录
新学词汇·归类记清
No.1 积词汇/由记准到用活
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．help a comrade in difficulty 帮助有困难的_____
2．the tragic scenes _______画面
3．the clinic _____
4．the outbreak of Ebola ________________
同志
凄惨的
诊所
埃博拉病毒爆发
5．be surrounded by vomit 周围充斥着_______
6．end in miracles 最终产生了_____
7．in the back of a van 在_______的车斗里
8．the twin girls _______姐妹
9．a surgical ward 外科_____
10．compensate victims ______受害人
11．collaborate with him 与他_____
呕吐物
奇迹
小货车
双胞胎
病房
补偿
合作
二、重点单词——写其形
1．national __________ 国界
2．according to the _______ 根据这项统计数据
3．______ these problems 处理这些问题
4．provide _____ information 提供重要信息
5．_______ this disease 防止这种疾病
6．________ clothing 给衣服消毒
boundaries
statistic
tackle
vital
combat
disinfect
三、活用单词——悉其变
assist
assistance
assistant
relieve
relief
specialist
special
infect
infection
devote
devotion
devoted
四、拓展构词——明其规
specialist：-ist后缀表示“从事某种职业的人”
[依“规”串记]
①scientist 科学家 ②physicist 物理学家
③pianist 钢琴家 ④violinist 小提琴家
⑤typist 打字员 ⑥artist 艺术家
五、高级词块——通其用
1．____________ 不管；不顾
2．_________ 处于危险中
3．_______________ 心存侥幸；冒险
4．_______________ 战友
5．___________ 把……置于危险之中
6．_____________ 参与；卷入
7．_______ 至少
regardless of
in danger
take any chances
comrade in arms
put ...at risk
be involved in
at least
8．___________ 在某人五十多岁的时候
9．____________ 对……表示放弃；对……不抱希望
10．_______________ 尽管凶多吉少，尽管极其困难
11．__________________ 完全恢复
12．______________ 弥补，补偿
13．________________ 被困在……中；被卷入……
14．_____________ 更不用说，更不用提
15．__________________ 接替某人(的职责或工作)
in one's 50s
give up on ...
against all odds
make a full recovery
compensate for
be caught up in ...
not to mention
step into one's shoes
重点词汇·深化学习
1．It assists people based on need, regardless of which country they are from.
它根据人们的受困情况进行援助，不管他们来自哪个国家。
★assist v．协助，帮助，援助
[用法感知]
①(名言警句)To preserve a friend, three things are required：to honour him present, praise him absent, and assist him in his necessities.
维持友谊需要三点：当面尊重他，背后赞扬他，必要时帮助他。
②I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals.
我经常在饭后帮父母洗碗。
③(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)With the instructor's assistance，it wasn't long before I mastered the basic skills of playing guitar.
在指导老师的帮助下，我不久就掌握了弹吉他的基本技巧。
[归纳点拨]
(1)assist sb.in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist (sb.) in/with sth. 帮助(某人)某事
assist sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
(2)assistant n. 助手，助理；售货员
(3)assistance n. 帮助；援助；支持
with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
come to one's assistance 来帮助某人
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/替换加蓝词汇)
④We're looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us _______ the group's work.
⑤For _________ (assist), please call Queensland Rail on 131617.
⑥I have such a good command of English that I am elected as _________ (assist) to my English teacher.
in/with
assistance
assistant
⑦A wave of bitter disappointment swept over him when no one came ___ his assistance on the boundless sea.
⑧I will make great progress under the help of you.
____________________
to
with the assistance of
2．But it is vital not to take any chances.
但重要的是我们不能心存侥幸。
★vital adj.极其重要的
[用法感知]
①I personally hold that good sportsmanship is of vital importance for athletes.
我个人认为，良好的体育精神对运动员至关重要。
②(“演讲”类写作佳句)If we are to make a difference in life, it is vital for us to begin with small things.
如果我们要在生活中有所作为，从小事开始对我们来说至关重要。
③(“倡议”类写作佳句)It is vital that we act to stop the destruction of the rainforests.
至关重要的是，我们应当行动起来制止破坏雨林。
归纳 点拨 (1)be vital for/to sth. 对……极为重要
It is vital that ...(should) do sth. ……是十分重要的
It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要
(2)vitally adv. 极其；绝对
联想 发散 在“It is vital that ...”句式中， that引导的从句常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。类似的句式还有“It is necessary/natural/important/ strange/essential ...that ...”。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④He told us that education of the youth would be vital _____ the future of a country.
⑤It is vital ______ (get) the victim to the hospital at once.
⑥Education is ______ (vital) important for the country's future.
for/to
to get
vitally
(2)补全语段
⑦We all acknowledge that trees _____________________________ and the survival of our planet.They ________________ reducing global warming and creating habitat for thousands of different species.So, ______________ to fight deforestation and promote tree planting.
我们都认可，树木对于环境以及地球的生存至关重要。它们在减缓全球变暖以及为成千上万不同物种创造栖息地方面发挥着至关重要的作用。因此，对我们来说，打击滥砍滥伐并促进植树造林至关重要。
are vital for/to the environment
play a vital role in
it is vital for us
3．I knew I was putting my life at risk, but I thought, “If I don't do it, who will？”
我知道这样做是在冒生命危险，但是我想：“假如我不去做，又有谁会去呢？”
★put ...at risk把……置于危险之中
[用法感知]
①You are putting yourself at risk if you go on driving at this speed.
如果你继续以这个速度开车，你就是在把自己置于危险之中。
②(“动作描写”佳句)At the risk of drowning himself, Uncle Henry ran to the riverside, jumped into the water without hesitation, and brought Robert to the shore.
亨利叔叔冒着溺水的危险跑到河边，毫不犹豫地跳入水中，把罗伯特带到岸边。
③Two daring sparrows had risked landing on our territory to enjoy the breadcrumbs on our kitchen counter.
两只勇敢的麻雀冒险降落在我们的地盘上，享用厨房柜台上的面包屑。
[归纳点拨]
(1)at risk 遭受危险；处境危险
at the risk of ... 冒着……的危险
run the risk (of doing sth.) 冒着(做某事的)危险；有……的危险
at one's own risk 自担风险，责任自负
increase/reduce the risk of (doing) sth. 增加/降低(做)某事的风险
(2)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
risk one's life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④He saved my life ___ the risk of losing his own.
⑤The young man who risked his life _______ (save) the drowning child covered himself with glory.
at
to save
(2)一句多译
他为面试做好了充分的准备，因为他不能冒险失去这个好机会。
⑥He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't _____________________________.(risk v．)
⑦He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't _____________________________________.(risk n．)
risk losing the good opportunity
run the risk of losing the good opportunity
4．My mission was to relieve Emma, a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.
我的任务是接替埃玛，她是一位加拿大传染病专家，任期届满。
★relieve v．给(某人)换班，接替；解除，减轻，缓和
[用法感知]
①(“景物描写”佳句)Twinkling stars were blinking in the night sky, and fragrant breeze gently stroked my head, which relieve me of all the tiredness along the trip.
璀璨的群星在夜空闪烁，清香的微风轻抚着我的头，缓解了我旅途中所有的疲劳。
②It was a great relief to know that he went back home safe and sound.
得知他安然无恙地回家了，真是一件令人宽慰的事。
③(“动作描写”佳句)At the sight of us, they were relieved and hugged us tightly.
一看到我们，他们就松了一口气，紧紧地拥抱着我们。
[归纳点拨]
(1)relieve sb.of ... 解除某人的负担；减轻某人的痛苦
(2)relief n． (焦虑、痛苦等的)减轻，消除；
宽慰；轻松
in/with relief 如释重负，松了口气
to one's (great) relief 使某人(大为)欣慰的是
(3)relieved adj. 放心的；感到宽慰的
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④It was ___ relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle of the road.
⑤Every time I hear classical music or jazz, a sense of ______ (relieve) arises naturally.
a
relief
⑥After she finished writing up the interview, she gave a sigh as if relieved ___ a heavy burden.
⑦Hearing the good news, he laughed _______ relief.
of
with/in
(2)一句多译
使她欣慰的是，她一结束演讲就听到全班爆发出一阵掌声。
⑧___________, immediately she finished her speech, she heard a storm of applause erupting from the class.(relief)
⑨_____________________ was that immediately she finished her speech, she heard a storm of applause erupting from the class.(主语从句)
⑩________, immediately she finished her speech, she heard a storm of applause erupting from the class.(形容词作状语)
To her relief
What made her relieved
Relieved
No.2 通句式/由规则到熟用
1．When I saw the tragic scenes on the news, I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.
当我从新闻上看到一幅幅凄惨的画面时，我觉得作为医生我有责任到那里去帮忙。
感知将学语法——it作形式主语
句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to go there and offer my help。it作形式主语，可以代替不定式、动名词或者从句。
①It is very important to tell her father everything.(it代替不定式)
把这一切告诉她父亲是很重要的。
②It's no good staying up late.(it代替动名词)
熬夜没有好处。
③It's quite certain that he will come to attend the meeting.(it代替主语从句)
他一定会来参加会议。
2．As she talked, I could hear at least three different languages being spoken at the tables around us.
她说话的时候，我可以听到隔壁桌传过来的谈话声，至少混着三种不同的语言。
句中hear at least three different languages being spoken是“hear ...being done”结构，意为“听到……正在被做”，v.-ing形式的被动式作宾语补足语。“hear＋宾语＋宾补”的句型还有：
hear sb.do sth.“听到某人做了某事”，强调动作的全过程；
hear sb.doing sth.“听到某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行；
hear sb./sth.done“听到某人/某事被……”，强调动作的被动和完成。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构
(单句语法填空/句型转换)
①When seeing this terrible scene, I could hear my heart ________ (beat) fast.
②When mother came into the room, she heard the keyboard ____________ (tap)．
beating
being tapped
③I often hear the English song sung for it is very popular in the school.
→The English song _________________ for it is very popular in the school.
④I heard a girl sing upstairs yesterday.
→A girl ________________________ yesterday.
is often heard sung
was heard to sing upstairs
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
⑤我的脸颊通红，抬头仰望蔚蓝天空时，我能听到自己的呼吸沉重。
My cheeks were red, and I could __________________________ as I looked up at the blue sky.
⑥听到有人叫他的名字，这个昏昏欲睡的男孩惊慌地站了起来。
______________________, the sleepy boy stood up in astonishment.
hear myself breathing heavily
Hearing his name called
⑦我们看到有些古建筑正在被破坏或拆除。
We see some ancient buildings _____________________________.
[名师点津] hear后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，即hear sb.do sth.，但在被动语态中必须带to，即sb.be heard to do sth.。有类似用法的感官动词或使役动词有：一感：feel；二听：hear, listen to；三使：let, have, make；五看：observe, see, watch, look at, notice。
being destroyed or pulled down
No.3 课时跟踪检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．One day, a fire __________ (爆发) happened in the mountain forest.
2．I never knew you had a _____ (双胞胎的) sister.
outbreak
twin
3．We will ______ (处理) this difficult problem after discussion.
4．She had armed herself for the meeting with all the latest ________ (统计数据)．
5．Scientists continue to push back the ___________ (边界) of knowledge.
tackle
statistics
boundaries
6．We do not want to see a repetition of last year's ______ (不幸的) events.
7．It is _____ (极其重要的) to keep calm in the face of emergency.
8．The _____ (诊所) is open to outsiders as well as employees and their families.
tragic
vital
clinic
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Linda showed her ________ (devote) by waiting for hours to get tickets for their concerts.
2．One of his _________ (assist) came out and told me Professor Green was busy doing an experiment.
devotion
assistants
3．We received your claim for ____________ (compensate) for the delay of shipment.
4．They are each recognized __________ (special) in their respective fields.
5．Those who suffered from headaches will find they can get ________ (relieve) from this medicine.
compensation
specialists
relieved
6．Those suffering from __________ (infect) diseases were separated from the other patients.
7．But what is ______ (vital) important is that the money is spent well and honestly.
8．Our first task was _________ (create) a new administrative system.
infectious
vitally
to create
Ⅲ.选词填空
regardless of， take any chances， compensate for， step into one's shoes，caught up in， involved in， be vital for，put ...at risk， against all odds， give up on
1．The river ran so fast that we couldn't ________________ to cross it.
2．A wooden leg can ______________ a physical disability.
take any chances
compensate for
3．In fact, a successful person is able to set goals and pave the way ______________.
4．Three teams are ___________ the chase for the championship.
5．It is known that technology __________ agricultural development.
6．No matter how hard I tried to push you away, you never __________ me.
against all odds
involved in
is vital for
gave up on
7．She avoided getting ____________ competition with other families because she wanted to live a peaceful life.
8．Our club is open to everyone ____________ age, sex or educational background.
9．My father runs a factory, and when I grow up, he wants me to _________________.
10．Their lack of training could ____ members of the public ______.
caught up in
regardless of
step into his shoes
put
at risk
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．________________________ I published my first book.
自从我出版第一本书以来已经三年了。
2．We're too busy to take a long holiday this year, _____________
______.
今年我们太忙了，不能休长假，更不用说去旅游了。
It is/has been 3 years since
not to mention
a trip
3．In time you will _______________________ a well-rounded individual.
你迟早会发现自己渐渐成长为一个全面发展的人。
4．He ________________________________ his students with their English.
他把所有的业余时间都用来帮助他的学生学习英语。
find yourself growing into
devoted all his spare time to helping
5．_________________ is that it began in England in the 1890s.
我们真正知道的是它于19世纪90年代开始于英格兰。
6．They ______________________________ the people in the disaster area.
他们尽其所能去帮助灾区的人们。
What we do know
did everything they could to help
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago.When I saw the tragic scenes on the news, I felt it was my duty as a doctor ①_____ (go) there and offer my help.There are no borders for doctors, for patients or for anyone else ②________ (involve) in combating Ebola.
to go
involved
My mission was to relieve Emma, ③___ Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.Later, Emma introduced me to some of the others working for or alongside MSF.With each person I met, I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team, whose ④________ (devote) to the cause shone from their eyes.
a
devotion
In the few weeks since then, I ⑤_________ (come) to know these people very well.Although the death rate is very high, we will never give up on a patient, and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.To be caught ⑥___ in such a crisis creates powerful bonds between people, not only between carers and patients, but also between all those ⑦____ have come from different parts of the world and joined together in a common cause.
have come
up
who
In a world still ⑧_________ (face) so many problems, it is ⑨_________ (absolute) essential for us all to collaborate to create a ⑩_______ (globe) community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
facing
absolutely
global
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
In 1999, Rebecca Constantino began doing a study at schools across Los Angeles.She had just completed a PhD in Language, Literacy and Learning, and she was analyzing children's access to books in wealthy and low-income communities.
One day, she saw something that stopped her in her tracks.“I was at a school in a wealthy community, and they were getting rid of almost brand new books because they didn't have room in the library，” said Constantino.She put the books in her car and drove them to a school in an underserved community.
Shocked by the difference she saw in public school libraries, Constantino became determined to bridge the gap.“School libraries are not funded well, and sometimes not funded at all，” said Constantino.“If you're a child in an underserved community, you're left with boring, outdated, and uninteresting books.”
The word about Constantino's work was spread, and books began piling up.Today, her non-profit organization, Access Books, has provided more than 1.5 million books to public-school and community libraries across California.The group has also redecorated close to 350 libraries in public schools and homeless shelters.
Constantino recruits (招募) volunteers who work alongside the community to create a warm, vibrant (充满生机的) and welcoming library space.Students and their families, as well as school staff and teachers, come together to join in.“We're working together.It's not a gift; it's a partnership.It really builds a sense of community，” said Constantino.
In addition to book donations and refurbishing (再装修) libraries, the group offers author visits with schools and holds an annual writers conference for kids.Constantino said, “If we provide high-interest books and a beautiful library space, they do come and they do read.We found that in the schools that we serve, the number of books borrowed increases significantly after our coming.So we know that kids are really interested in the books that we give.
My goal is that kids can always have a friend in a book and they can always turn to a book to find comfort and to learn something.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Rebecca Constantino 成立了一个非营利性组织，给贫困地区学校的图书馆捐书。
1．Why did Constantino do the study in 1999
A．To prepare for a PhD.
B．To reduce the waste of books.
C．To donate more books to poor communities.
D．To figure out kids' ways of gaining reading books.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知， Constantino 在1999年做这项研究的原因是为了找到孩子们获得阅读书籍的方法。
√
2．How did Constantino bridge the gap
A．By obtaining donated books.
B．By raising money on the street.
C．By founding a profitable organization.
D．By getting support from the local government.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的前两句可知，她的做法是让别人知道她要弥补这一差距，这样其他人开始捐书，然后送给公立学校和社区图书馆。
√
3．Which can best describe Constantino's work
A．Depressing. B．Controversial.
C．Successful. D．Temporary.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段后两句和最后一段Constantino所说的话可知，她的捐书工作是成功的。
√
4．What impact does the non-profit organization have on kids in poor communities
A．They think the books on the shelf difficult to read.
B．They can turn to writers on campus.
C．They donate their own books to school libraries.
D．They are more willing to read books.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“So we know that kids are really interested in the books that we give.”可知，在Constantino服务的学校里，借阅图书的数量明显增加，因此，孩子们更愿意读书了。
Ⅱ.完形填空
When I was a child, I saw tragic scenes of the Ethiopia famine on television.Ever since then，I knew I needed to 5 ， to give something of myself, and to be a citizen of the 6 .I realized I wanted to 7 MSF (无国界医生组织) when I first read about the organization in a book.I studied 8 and worked in clinical areas before finally joining MSF.
On my first 9 to Somalia, it didn't take me long to realize this experience would be truly 10 .It was a war-worn country where people suffer lawlessness and 11 .I was not used to being around citizens with guns, to work in the 12 of a government, of laws, or hospitals.Yet, Somalia is a beautiful country：people are fascinating, and their resilience (韧性) and endurance were forever a 13 factor for myself and my MSF team.
We practiced “bush medicines”， which provided the best possible 14 for patients with the least possible resources.I think we performed miracles, or certainly 15 a few.We were doing surgeries inside a tent without necessary equipment, and yet, despite the 16 resources, we still managed to save lives.
I find it very hard to see children dying from totally preventable diseases.I believe everyone has a right to 17 .And I believe a person's dignity is vital.That's what keeps me 18 ： the people MSF helps, the people we work with, and the work we do to try to 19 the suffering in the world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者加入无国界医生组织去索马里执行任务时的经历和自己的感受。
5．A.donate B．assist
C．explore D．research
解析：根据上文“I saw tragic scenes of the Ethiopia famine on television”和下文“to give something of myself”可知，此处作者表示需要帮助别人。
√
6．A.city B．country
C．world D．community
解析：根据“before finally joining MSF”可知，作者加入无国界医生组织，把自己看作世界公民。
√
7．A. work with B．turn to
C．learn from D．rely on
解析：根据“before finally joining MSF”可知，作者意识到自己想和这个组织一起工作。
√
8．A. nursing B．teaching
C．engineering D．painting
解析：根据“worked in clinical areas”可知，作者学习的是护理专业。
√
9．A.trip B．mission
C．attempt D．transfer
解析：根据语境可知，这是作者第一次在索马里执行任务。
√
10．A.disappointing B．frightening
C．annoying D．challenging
解析：根据下文“It was a war-worn country where people suffer lawlessness and .”可知，作者执行的任务具有挑战性。
√
11．A. disorder B．inequality
C．disability D．poverty
解析：根据“I was not used to being around citizens with guns”可知，这个国家混乱不堪。
√
12．A.name B．face
C．charge D．absence
解析：根据“It was a war-worn country”可知，索马里这个地方没有稳定的政府机构。
√
13．A.creative B．motivating
C．professional D．possible
解析：根据“Yet，Somalia is a beautiful country：people are fascinating，and their resilience(韧性) and endurance”可知，索马里人民的韧性和耐力激励着作者和其他医疗队成员。
√
14．A.drugs B．supplies
C．treatment D．equipment
解析：根据“We practiced ‘bush medicines’”可知，作者他们用最少的资源为病人提供尽可能好的治疗。
√
15．A.missed B．desired
C．awaited D．witnessed
解析：根据“We were doing surgeries inside a tent without necessary equipment ...still managed to save lives”可知，作者他们见证了奇迹。
√
16．A.reusable B．accessible
C．unique D．limited
解析：根据上文“with the least possible resources”可知，此处表示资源有限。
√
17．A. healthcare B．education
C．vote D．peace
解析：根据上文“I find it very hard to see children dying from totally preventable diseases.”可知，看到遭受苦难的这些人，作者认为每个人都有享受医疗保健的权利。
√
18．A.thinking B．studying
C．going D．fighting
解析：根据“And I believe a person's dignity is vital.”可知，作者认为人们的尊严是作者前进的动力。
√
19．A.stand B．relieve
C．transform D．resist
解析：stand“忍受”；relieve“减缓，减轻”；transform“转换”；resist“抵制，抵抗”。根据“the suffering in the world”可知，此处表示减轻世界上的痛苦。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
When I finished medical school, I decided I was going to become 1 emergency doctor because they have to work with all kinds of people.I did my residency (住院医师实习) in Flushing, Queens.At the end of my residency, I applied 2 a fellowship in International Emergency Medicine at Columbia, 3 I am now, and part of that process involved spending around half of the two-year fellowship abroad.
I did epidemiology (流行病学) in Burundi, Rwanda, and the Congo.That was the first time I'd worked in Africa and it really 4 (strike) me.I worked alongside Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), also 5 (know) as Doctors Without Borders, on a couple of projects and loved what they were doing.I support their impartiality (公正)．I really appreciate that. 6 (final) I applied to MSF and I 7 (work) on six different missions with them since 2014.
I was in Guinea a few 8 (time) during the Ebola outbreaks in 2014 and 2015.I worked in Chad as an epidemiologist for hepatitis E．I worked in Burundi, East Africa, in 2016.I was there just over three months, 9 (train) local doctors to treat wounds and injuries：How do you decide the degree of wounds or injuries of a patient How do you focus your resources on saving the most lives in the 10 (short) period of time At the end of the three months, it was pretty cool seeing how much people had learned.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从医学院毕业后，作为国际急诊医生在世界各地的从医经历。
1．an 考查冠词。此处泛指“一名急诊医生”，应用不定冠词，且emergency的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。
2．for 考查介词。固定搭配apply for“申请”，符合句意，故填for。
3．where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此空引导定语从句，先行词是International Emergency Medicine at Columbia，指地点，在从句中充当地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导，故填where。
4．struck 考查时态。根据语境以及and前句子谓语动词可知，此处描述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，故填struck。
5．known 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构和语境可知，此空用非谓语作空前名词MSF的定语，结合固定搭配be known as“被称为”，所以此空用过去分词known，故填known。
6．Finally 考查副词。此空位于句首，修饰整个句子作状语，应用副词，故填Finally。
7．have worked 考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此空是and后并列句的谓语，since“自从……以来”，since 2014表示“从2014年到现在”，强调动作从过去一直持续到现在，所以此空用现在完成时，结合主语I，故填have worked。
8．times 考查名词复数。此处名词time表示“次数”，且前有a few，表示“一些”，所以用time的复数形式，故填times。
9．training 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语was，此空应用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语I和train之间是主动关系，所以用train的现在分词，故填training。
10．shortest 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的最高级the most以及句意，且空前有定冠词the可知，此空用形容词short的最高级，作 period的定语，故填shortest。6 / 6
UNIT 4 课时检测(二) “Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．One day, a fire __________ (爆发) happened in the mountain forest.
2．I never knew you had a ______ (双胞胎的) sister.
3．We will __________ (处理) this difficult problem after discussion.
4．She had armed herself for the meeting with all the latest __________ (统计数据)．
5．Scientists continue to push back the __________ (边界) of knowledge.
6．We do not want to see a repetition of last year's __________ (不幸的) events.
7．It is __________ (极其重要的) to keep calm in the face of emergency.
8．The __________ (诊所) is open to outsiders as well as employees and their families.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Linda showed her __________ (devote) by waiting for hours to get tickets for their concerts.
2．One of his __________ (assist) came out and told me Professor Green was busy doing an experiment.
3．We received your claim for __________ (compensate) for the delay of shipment.
4．They are each recognized __________ (special) in their respective fields.
5．Those who suffered from headaches will find they can get __________ (relieve) from this medicine.
6．Those suffering from __________ (infect) diseases were separated from the other patients.
7．But what is __________ (vital) important is that the money is spent well and honestly.
8．Our first task was __________ (create) a new administrative system.
Ⅲ.选词填空
regardless of, take any chances, compensate for, step into one's shoes, caught up in, involved in, be vital for, put ...at risk, against all odds, give up on
1．The river ran so fast that we couldn't __________ to cross it.
2．A wooden leg can ________ a physical disability.
3．In fact, a successful person is able to set goals and pave the way ______________.
4．Three teams are ______________ the chase for the championship.
5．It is known that technology ______________ agricultural development.
6．No matter how hard I tried to push you away, you never ______________ me.
7．She avoided getting ______________ competition with other families because she wanted to live a peaceful life.
8．Our club is open to everyone ______________ age, sex or educational background.
9．My father runs a factory, and when I grow up, he wants me to ______________.
10．Their lack of training could ______________ members of the public __________.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．__________________ I published my first book.
自从我出版第一本书以来已经三年了。
2．We're too busy to take a long holiday this year, ________________________.
今年我们太忙了，不能休长假，更不用说去旅游了。
3．In time you will ________________________ a well rounded individual.
你迟早会发现自己渐渐成长为一个全面发展的人。
4．He __________________________________ his students with their English.
他把所有的业余时间都用来帮助他的学生学习英语。
5．________________________ is that it began in England in the 1890s.我们真正知道的是它于19世纪90年代开始于英格兰。
6．They __________________________________ the people in the disaster area.
他们尽其所能去帮助灾区的人们。
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago.When I saw the tragic scenes on the news, I felt it was my duty as a doctor ①________ (go) there and offer my help.There are no borders for doctors, for patients or for anyone else ②______ (involve) in combating Ebola.
My mission was to relieve Emma, ③________ Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.Later, Emma introduced me to some of the others working for or alongside MSF.With each person I met, I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team, whose ④________ (devote) to the cause shone from their eyes.
In the few weeks since then, I ⑤__________ (come) to know these people very well.Although the death rate is very high, we will never give up on a patient, and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.To be caught ⑥__________ in such a crisis creates powerful bonds between people, not only between carers and patients, but also between all those ⑦__________ have come from different parts of the world and joined together in a common cause.
In a world still ⑧__________ (face) so many problems, it is ⑨__________ (absolute) essential for us all to collaborate to create a ⑩________ (globe) community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
In 1999, Rebecca Constantino began doing a study at schools across Los Angeles.She had just completed a PhD in Language, Literacy and Learning, and she was analyzing children's access to books in wealthy and low income communities.
One day, she saw something that stopped her in her tracks.“I was at a school in a wealthy community, and they were getting rid of almost brand new books because they didn't have room in the library，” said Constantino.She put the books in her car and drove them to a school in an underserved community.
Shocked by the difference she saw in public school libraries, Constantino became determined to bridge the gap.“School libraries are not funded well, and sometimes not funded at all，” said Constantino.“If you're a child in an underserved community, you're left with boring, outdated, and uninteresting books.”
The word about Constantino's work was spread, and books began piling up.Today, her non profit organization, Access Books, has provided more than 1.5 million books to public school and community libraries across California.The group has also redecorated close to 350 libraries in public schools and homeless shelters.
Constantino recruits (招募) volunteers who work alongside the community to create a warm, vibrant (充满生机的) and welcoming library space.Students and their families, as well as school staff and teachers, come together to join in.“We're working together.It's not a gift; it's a partnership.It really builds a sense of community，” said Constantino.
In addition to book donations and refurbishing (再装修) libraries, the group offers author visits with schools and holds an annual writers conference for kids.Constantino said, “If we provide high interest books and a beautiful library space, they do come and they do read.We found that in the schools that we serve, the number of books borrowed increases significantly after our coming.So we know that kids are really interested in the books that we give.My goal is that kids can always have a friend in a book and they can always turn to a book to find comfort and to learn something.”
1．Why did Constantino do the study in 1999
A．To prepare for a PhD.
B．To reduce the waste of books.
C．To donate more books to poor communities.
D．To figure out kids' ways of gaining reading books.
2．How did Constantino bridge the gap
A．By obtaining donated books.
B．By raising money on the street.
C．By founding a profitable organization.
D．By getting support from the local government.
3．Which can best describe Constantino's work
A．Depressing. B．Controversial.
C．Successful. D．Temporary.
4．What impact does the non profit organization have on kids in poor communities
A．They think the books on the shelf difficult to read.
B．They can turn to writers on campus.
C．They donate their own books to school libraries.
D．They are more willing to read books.
Ⅱ.完形填空
When I was a child, I saw tragic scenes of the Ethiopia famine on television.Ever since then，I knew I needed to __5__， to give something of myself, and to be a citizen of the __6__.I realized I wanted to __7__ MSF (无国界医生组织) when I first read about the organization in a book.I studied __8__ and worked in clinical areas before finally joining MSF.
On my first__9__ to Somalia, it didn't take me long to realize this experience would be truly __10__.It was a war worn country where people suffer lawlessness and __11__.I was not used to being around citizens with guns, to work in the __12__ of a government, of laws, or hospitals.Yet, Somalia is a beautiful country：people are fascinating, and their resilience (韧性) and endurance were forever a __13__ factor for myself and my MSF team.We practiced “bush medicines”， which provided the best possible __14__ for patients with the least possible resources.I think we performed miracles, or certainly __15__ a few.We were doing surgeries inside a tent without necessary equipment, and yet, despite the __16__ resources, we still managed to save lives.
I find it very hard to see children dying from totally preventable diseases.I believe everyone has a right to __17__.And I believe a person's dignity is vital.That's what keeps me __18__： the people MSF helps, the people we work with, and the work we do to try to __19__ the suffering in the world.
5.A.donate B．assist
C．explore D．research
6．A.city B．country
C．world D．community
7．A.work with B．turn to
C．learn from D．rely on
8．A.nursing B．teaching
C．engineering D．painting
9．A.trip B．mission
C．attempt D．transfer
10．A.disappointing B．frightening
C．annoying D．challenging
11．A.disorder B．inequality
C．disability D．poverty
12．A.name B．face
C．charge D．absence
13．A.creative B．motivating
C．professional D．possible
14．A.drugs B．supplies
C．treatment D．equipment
15．A.missed B．desired
C．awaited D．witnessed
16．A.reusable B．accessible
C．unique D．limited
17．A.healthcare B．education
C．vote D．peace
18．A.thinking B．studying
C．going D．fighting
19．A.stand B．relieve
C．transform D．resist
Ⅲ.语法填空
When I finished medical school, I decided I was going to become __1__ emergency doctor because they have to work with all kinds of people.I did my residency (住院医师实习) in Flushing, Queens.At the end of my residency, I applied __2__ a fellowship in International Emergency Medicine at Columbia, __3__ I am now, and part of that process involved spending around half of the two year fellowship abroad.
I did epidemiology (流行病学) in Burundi, Rwanda, and the Congo.That was the first time I'd worked in Africa and it really __4__ (strike) me.I worked alongside Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), also __5__ (know) as Doctors Without Borders, on a couple of projects and loved what they were doing.I support their impartiality (公正)．I really appreciate that. __6__ (final) I applied to MSF and I __7__ (work) on six different missions with them since 2014.
I was in Guinea a few __8__ (time) during the Ebola outbreaks in 2014 and 2015.I worked in Chad as an epidemiologist for hepatitis E．I worked in Burundi, East Africa, in 2016.I was there just over three months, __9__ (train) local doctors to treat wounds and injuries：How do you decide the degree of wounds or injuries of a patient How do you focus your resources on saving the most lives in the __10__ (short) period of time At the end of the three months, it was pretty cool seeing how much people had learned.
UNIT 4 课时检测(二)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.outbreak 2.twin 3.tackle 4.statistics 5.boundaries
6．tragic 7.vital 8.clinic
Ⅱ.1.devotion 2.assistants 3.compensation 4.specialists
5．relieved 6.infectious 7.vitally 8.to create
Ⅲ.1.take any chances 2.compensate for 3.against all odds
4．involved in 5.is vital for 6.gave up on 7.caught up in
8．regardless of 9.step into his shoes 10.put; at risk
Ⅳ.1.It is/has been 3 years since 2.not to mention a trip
3．find yourself growing into 4.devoted all his spare time to helping 5.What we do know 6.did everything they could to help
Ⅴ.①to go ②involved ③a ④devotion ⑤have come ⑥up
⑦who ⑧facing ⑨absolutely ⑩global
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Rebecca Constantino 成立了一个非营利性组织，给贫困地区学校的图书馆捐书。
1．选D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知， Constantino 在1999年做这项研究的原因是为了找到孩子们获得阅读书籍的方法。
2．选A 推理判断题。根据第四段的前两句可知，她的做法是让别人知道她要弥补这一差距，这样其他人开始捐书，然后送给公立学校和社区图书馆。
3．选C 推理判断题。根据第四段后两句和最后一段Constantino所说的话可知，她的捐书工作是成功的。
4．选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“So we know that kids are really interested in the books that we give.”可知，在Constantino服务的学校里，借阅图书的数量明显增加，因此，孩子们更愿意读书了。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者加入无国界医生组织去索马里执行任务时的经历和自己的感受。
5．选B 根据上文“I saw tragic scenes of the Ethiopia famine on television”和下文“to give something of myself”可知，此处作者表示需要帮助别人。
6．选C 根据“before finally joining MSF”可知，作者加入无国界医生组织，把自己看作世界公民。
7．选A 根据“before finally joining MSF”可知，作者意识到自己想和这个组织一起工作。
8．选A 根据“worked in clinical areas”可知，作者学习的是护理专业。
9．选B 根据语境可知，这是作者第一次在索马里执行任务。
10．选D 根据下文“It was a war worn country where people suffer lawlessness and ______.”可知，作者执行的任务具有挑战性。
11．选A 根据“I was not used to being around citizens with guns”可知，这个国家混乱不堪。
12．选D 根据“It was a war worn country”可知，索马里这个地方没有稳定的政府机构。
13．选B 根据“Yet，Somalia is a beautiful country：people are fascinating，and their resilience(韧性) and endurance”可知，索马里人民的韧性和耐力激励着作者和其他医疗队成员。
14．选C 根据“We practiced ‘bush medicines’”可知，作者他们用最少的资源为病人提供尽可能好的治疗。
15．选D 根据“We were doing surgeries inside a tent without necessary equipment ...still managed to save lives”可知，作者他们见证了奇迹。
16．选D 根据上文“with the least possible resources”可知，此处表示资源有限。
17．选A 根据上文“I find it very hard to see children dying from totally preventable diseases.”可知，看到遭受苦难的这些人，作者认为每个人都有享受医疗保健的权利。
18．选C 根据“And I believe a person's dignity is vital.”可知，作者认为人们的尊严是作者前进的动力。
19．选B stand“忍受”；relieve“减缓，减轻”；transform“转换”；resist“抵制，抵抗”。根据“the suffering in the world”可知，此处表示减轻世界上的痛苦。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从医学院毕业后，作为国际急诊医生在世界各地的从医经历。
1．an 考查冠词。此处泛指“一名急诊医生”，应用不定冠词，且emergency的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。
2．for 考查介词。固定搭配apply for“申请”，符合句意，故填for。
3．where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此空引导定语从句，先行词是International Emergency Medicine at Columbia，指地点，在从句中充当地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导，故填where。
4．struck 考查时态。根据语境以及and前句子谓语动词可知，此处描述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，故填struck。
5．known 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构和语境可知，此空用非谓语作空前名词MSF的定语，结合固定搭配be known as“被称为”，所以此空用过去分词known，故填known。
6．Finally 考查副词。此空位于句首，修饰整个句子作状语，应用副词，故填Finally。
7．have worked 考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此空是and后并列句的谓语，since“自从……以来”，since 2014表示“从2014年到现在”，强调动作从过去一直持续到现在，所以此空用现在完成时，结合主语I，故填have worked。
8．times 考查名词复数。此处名词time表示“次数”，且前有a few，表示“一些”，所以用time的复数形式，故填times。
9．training 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语was，此空应用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语I和train之间是主动关系，所以用train的现在分词，故填training。
10．shortest 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的最高级the most以及句意，且空前有定冠词the可知，此空用形容词short的最高级，作 period的定语，故填shortest。
