7 / 7
把握单元素养目标
主题意识 本单元的主题是保护我们脆弱的星球。通过了解生态系统面临的问题和发生的变化，认识到人类的生存必须依赖于良好的自然生态系统，保护生态就是保护人类，坚定人与自然和谐共处的理念，树立人类命运共同体意识。
语法项目 归纳总结it作形式宾语的用法，并能在真实语境中灵活运用。
语言输入 听 能够听懂与保护生态相关的话题，把握核心思想和细节信息。
读 能够读懂与保护生态相关的文章，增强环保意识。
看 观看介绍生态系统中所有生物之间相互依赖关系的视频，思考人类对生态系统的影响。
语言输出 写 能够掌握演讲稿的结构特点及如何运用数据引用、举例和作比较的写作方法来支撑观点。
说 能够就与保护生态相关的话题进行讨论，并能恰当使用所学词汇、句型描述不同生态系统面临的问题和发生的变化。
Section Ⅰ “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
What's the main idea of the text？( )
A．How Macquarie Island was saved from destruction.
B．The chaos caused to Macquarie Island by humans.
C．A funny story about what happened on Macquarie Island.
D．The ways in which an ecosystem can be protected.
文意深度理解
(一)阅读理解
1．What can we learn from the first paragraph？( )
A．Macquarie Island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its wild and natural beauty.
B．The green grass and bare rock of its landscape on Macquarie Island form its beauty.
C．Royal penguins，king penguins and elephant seals live in perfect harmony now.
D．The writer is standing on Macquarie Island enjoying its wild and natural beauty.
2．What is mentioned in the second paragraph？( )
A．When humans arrived on the island, they hunted the birds on the island.
B．So many rats and mice were brought to the island on purpose.
C．Rats and mice have been taking over the island, eating the birds' eggs so far.
D．Cats were introduced to the island to control the rats and mice.
3．What was the cause of soil erosion according to the passage？( )
A．Rabbits were introduced to the island，multiplying rapidly and digging holes.
B．Parakeets, native to the island, died out because of humans' activities.
C．The increasing number of cats led to more cats hunting the birds.
D．Rats and mice multiplied rapidly and dug holes.
4．Which method to remove the rabbits from the island was used effectively in the 1970s？( )
A．A large number of dogs were released.
B．A large number of birds were released.
C．A virus was released onto the island.
D．A large number of cats were released.
5．What can we infer from the former methods of controlling invading species？( )
A．They all brought about some negative effects to the ecosystem.
B．They turned out to be quite successful in the end.
C．The number of rats was under good control.
D．The rabbits developed a new appetite for birds.
6．What caused some land to collapse at the beginning of the 21st century？( )
A．The departure of the cats from the island.
B．The increasing population of mice and rats.
C．The digging of the rabbits.
D．The death of a number of penguins.
(二)阅读表达
1．What's the author's mission on the island
2．How do you understand the sentence “ ...we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.” at the end of the passage
3．Do you think it was right to eradicate (根除) the “pests” from Macquarie Island？Give your reasons.
|阅|读|技|能|提|升|
关注首段；理清时间线
本文是一篇记叙文，采用了倒叙的写作手法。读文时应优先扫读第一段，因为采用倒叙结构的文章通常在第一段交代事件的结局或事件中最突出的片段。关注首段，有利于把握此类文章的主旨。其次，阅读此类文章还要找到事件的起止点，分清哪些内容是倒叙，哪些内容是顺叙，进而理清文章的时间线索，把握行文脉络。
(一)赏用词之妙
1．Unfortunately, the cats subsequently developed an appetite for the birds, too.
赏析：本句中的Unfortunately表达了作者的叹惜之意；短语developed an appetite for则风趣、生动地描写了被带来捕鼠的猫却开始捕捉岛上的鸟类的情形。
2．Loose on the island, they did what rabbits do best — they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes, which caused soil erosion.
赏析：本句中用rapidly修饰multiplied，突出了兔子的繁殖速度之快。
3．The cats in consequence turned their attention — and their stomachs — back to the native birds, killing up to 60,000 each year.
赏析：本句中使用了in consequence来表示结果，相比于简单地使用“therefore, so”等更能彰显写作功底。其他可用来灵活表达结果的还有 end up doing, only to do以及therefore doing, thus doing等。
4．So, I am here on Macquarie Island to participate in the programme to tackle this very problem.
赏析：本句中的tackle是“处理，对付”的意思，该词相比于deal with更能强调处理问题的决心。
① ________________， this happy story finishes on a more sombre note.
遗憾的是，这个快乐的故事结局却比较伤感。
②The scientists made joint efforts, and_____________________________________.
这些科学家勠力同心，因此取得了重大突破。
③I eagerly unpacked the package, __________________________________.
我急切地打开包裹，结果只在里面发现了一本破损的书。
(二)赏句式之高
1．No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
赏析： 此处连续使用了两个否定句，起到了加强语气的作用。第二句将否定词提前，运用了倒装结构，既有利于上下文的衔接，又强调了作者想要表达的重心。
2．The next step is to remove the last remaining invading species, and that's where I come in — with my dogs.
赏析：本句中运用了不定式作表语及where引导的表语从句，具体介绍了作者的工作计划及工作内容。
①Suffering from Alzheimer's disease, my grandmother has no idea who I am, ________________________________ her own name.
我奶奶患有阿尔茨海默病，她不知道我是谁，也记不起自己的名字。
②Even our schools are ______________________________________ to get a practical education.
甚至学校也是我们送孩子去接受实践教育的地方。
(三)赏修辞之功
But as the saying goes, “While the cat's away, the mice will play.”
赏析：此处引用了谚语“While the cat's away, the mice will play.”说明由于猫从岛上消失后，老鼠开始泛滥成灾。谚语的恰当使用使文章形象生动，富有趣味。
①When the cat runs on the roofs, the mice dance on the floors.
________________________________________________________________________
② A year's plan starts with spring.
________________________________________________________________________
③Friends may meet, but mountains never greet.
________________________________________________________________________
(四)赏描摹之韵(环境描写)
Strong winds and stormy seas have helped sculpt its long, thin shape.The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically, giving it a wild and natural beauty.
赏析：此处先用Strong winds and stormy seas描写了海岛的自然环境：充斥着强风和惊涛骇浪；然后用The green grass and bare rock 描写了岛上的景色：绿草和光秃的岩石形成反差巨大的自然景观；最后用wild and natural beauty点评：海岛呈现出一种狂野和天然的美。
漓江位于桂林市区以南，是桂林最重要的自然景观之一，也是中国最美丽的河流之一。江水清澈见底，掩映在两岸碧绿的青山下，恍如一副绝美的画卷。然而，大约20年前，漓江的水质和沿江生态却是另一番景象。采石挖砂、乱砍滥伐、工业废水及生活污水排放等都破坏了漓江以及两岸的生态系统，络绎不绝的游客更是使当地环境进一步恶化。为了守护漓江的生态底色，当地政府采取了一系列措施，打响生态保卫战，最终留住了桂林山水之美。
The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well-known tourist destinations in China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.It attracts millions of domestic and foreign visitors each year.However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on the river's water quality.
Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, .Many tour boats contributed to the problem, too.Kitchens on board were using lots of oil, which was often thrown into the water.The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises.Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.In order to feed more people, more chemicals were used to increase crop production.These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species.
The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation.The collection and transport of household waste was also improved.Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved.The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development.New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods.Furthermore, the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy.With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.
滴水穿石
1．由文积词汇
reputation n． 名誉
enterprise n. 企业
comprehensive adj. 综合的
initiative n. 倡议
facilities n. 设施
regulation n. 章程
2．据文悟句式
句①本句是“many of＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。
句② with a number of measures ...为介词短语，其中that addressed ...为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词measures。
Section Ⅰ
NO.1 精阅读
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.①South west Pacific Ocean ②a wild and natural beauty
③World Heritage Site ④in perfect harmony
⑤developing an appetite for ⑥leading to ⑦released ⑧exploded
⑨dropping poison ⑩removing
Ⅱ.A
文意深度理解
(一)1～6 BDACAC
(二)1.Remove the last remaining invading species.
2．It is humans that have caused great damage to the island and it is our duty to help it return to normal.
3．I don't think so.Every animal is part of the food chain, and the loss of any one of them will lead to imbalance between animals and nature.
NO.2 美表达
(一)①Unfortunately ② in consequence they made a great breakthrough
③only to find a broken book in it
(二)①nor could she remember ②where we send our children
(三)①只要猫上了房，老鼠就在地上忙。 ②一年之计在于春。
③山与山不相会，但人与人总相逢。(共69张PPT)
把握单元 素养目标
主题意识 本单元的主题是保护我们脆弱的星球。通过了解生态系统面临的问题和发生的变化，认识到人类的生存必须依赖于良好的自然生态系统，保护生态就是保护人类，坚定人与自然和谐共处的理念，树立人类命运共同体意识。
语法项目 归纳总结it作形式宾语的用法，并能在真实语境中灵活运用。
续表
语言 输入 听 能够听懂与保护生态相关的话题，把握核心思想和细节信息。
读 能够读懂与保护生态相关的文章，增强环保意识。
看 观看介绍生态系统中所有生物之间相互依赖关系的视频，思考人类对生态系统的影响。
续表
语言 输出 写 能够掌握演讲稿的结构特点及如何运用数据引用、举例和作比较的写作方法来支撑观点。
说 能够就与保护生态相关的话题进行讨论，并能恰当使用所学词汇、句型描述不同生态系统面临的问题和发生的变化。
Section Ⅰ
“Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
NO 1
精阅读/提升阅读“理解力”
NO 2
美表达/强化写作“基本功”
NO 3
慧人生/以文化人“增才情”
NO 4
课时跟踪检测
目 录
No.1 精阅读/提升阅读“理解力”
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
文意整体把握
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
What's the main idea of the text
A．How Macquarie Island was saved from destruction.
B．The chaos caused to Macquarie Island by humans.
C．A funny story about what happened on Macquarie Island.
D．The ways in which an ecosystem can be protected.
√
文意深度理解
(一)阅读理解
1．What can we learn from the first paragraph
A．Macquarie Island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its wild and natural beauty.
B．The green grass and bare rock of its landscape on Macquarie Island form its beauty.
√
C．Royal penguins，king penguins and elephant seals live in perfect harmony now.
D．The writer is standing on Macquarie Island enjoying its wild and natural beauty.
2．What is mentioned in the second paragraph
A．When humans arrived on the island，they hunted the birds on the island.
B．So many rats and mice were brought to the island on purpose.
C．Rats and mice have been taking over the island, eating the birds' eggs so far.
D．Cats were introduced to the island to control the rats and mice.
√
3．What was the cause of soil erosion according to the passage
A．Rabbits were introduced to the island，multiplying rapidly and digging holes.
B．Parakeets, native to the island, died out because of humans' activities.
C．The increasing number of cats led to more cats hunting the birds.
D．Rats and mice multiplied rapidly and dug holes.
√
4．Which method to remove the rabbits from the island was used effectively in the 1970s
A．A large number of dogs were released.
B．A large number of birds were released.
C．A virus was released onto the island.
D．A large number of cats were released.
√
5．What can we infer from the former methods of controlling invading species
A．They all brought about some negative effects to the ecosystem.
B．They turned out to be quite successful in the end.
C．The number of rats was under good control.
D．The rabbits developed a new appetite for birds.
√
6．What caused some land to collapse at the beginning of the 21st century
A．The departure of the cats from the island.
B．The increasing population of mice and rats.
C．The digging of the rabbits.
D．The death of a number of penguins.
√
(二)阅读表达
1．What's the author's mission on the island
Remove the last remaining invading species.
2．How do you understand the sentence “ ...we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.” at the end of the passage
It is humans that have caused great damage to the island and it is our duty to help it return to normal.
3．Do you think it was right to eradicate (根除) the “pests” from Macquarie Island？Give your reasons.
I don't think so.Every animal is part of the food chain, and the loss of any one of them will lead to imbalance between animals and nature.
关注首段；理清时间线
本文是一篇记叙文，采用了倒叙的写作手法。读文时应优先扫读第一段，因为采用倒叙结构的文章通常在第一段交代事件的结局或事件中最突出的片段。关注首段，有利于把握此类文章的主旨。其次，阅读此类文章还要找到事件的起止点，分清哪些内容是倒叙，哪些内容是顺叙，进而理清文章的时间线索，把握行文脉络。
阅读技能提升
No.2 美表达/强化写作“基本功”
(一)赏用词之妙
1．Unfortunately, the cats subsequently developed an appetite for the birds, too.
赏析：本句中的Unfortunately表达了作者的叹惜之意；短语developed an appetite for则风趣、生动地描写了被带来捕鼠的猫却开始捕捉岛上的鸟类的情形。
2．Loose on the island, they did what rabbits do best — they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes, which caused soil erosion.
赏析：本句中用rapidly修饰multiplied，突出了兔子的繁殖速度之快。
3．The cats in consequence turned their attention — and their stomachs — back to the native birds，killing up to 60,000 each year.
赏析：本句中使用了in consequence来表示结果，相比于简单地使用“therefore, so”等更能彰显写作功底。其他可用来灵活表达结果的还有 end up doing, only to do以及therefore doing, thus doing等。
4．So, I am here on Macquarie Island to participate in the programme to tackle this very problem.
赏析：本句中的tackle是“处理，对付”的意思，该词相比于deal with更能强调处理问题的决心。
①_____________, this happy story finishes on a more sombre note.
遗憾的是，这个快乐的故事结局却比较伤感。
②The scientists made joint efforts, and _________________________
__________________.
这些科学家勠力同心，因此取得了重大突破。
③I eagerly unpacked the package, ____________________________.
我急切地打开包裹，结果只在里面发现了一本破损的书。
仿写训练/完成句子
Unfortunately
in consequence they made a
great breakthrough
only to find a broken book in it
(二)赏句式之高
1．No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
赏析： 此处连续使用了两个否定句，起到了加强语气的作用。第二句将否定词提前，运用了倒装结构，既有利于上下文的衔接，又强调了作者想要表达的重心。
2．The next step is to remove the last remaining invading species, and that's where I come in — with my dogs.
赏析：本句中运用了不定式作表语及where引导的表语从句，具体介绍了作者的工作计划及工作内容。
①Suffering from Alzheimer's disease, my grandmother has no idea who I am, _______________________ her own name.
我奶奶患有阿尔茨海默病，她不知道我是谁，也记不起自己的名字。
②Even our schools are ________________________ to get a practical education.
甚至学校也是我们送孩子去接受实践教育的地方。
仿写训练/完成句子
nor could she remember
where we send our children
(三)赏修辞之功
But as the saying goes, “While the cat's away, the mice will play.”
赏析：此处引用了谚语“While the cat's away, the mice will play.”说明由于猫从岛上消失后，老鼠开始泛滥成灾。谚语的恰当使用使文章形象生动，富有趣味。
①When the cat runs on the roofs, the mice dance on the floors.
只要猫上了房，老鼠就在地上忙。
② A year's plan starts with spring.
一年之计在于春。
③Friends may meet, but mountains never greet.
山与山不相会，但人与人总相逢。
仿写训练/翻译下列谚语
(四)赏描摹之韵(环境描写)
Strong winds and stormy seas have helped sculpt its long, thin shape.The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically, giving it a wild and natural beauty.
赏析：此处先用Strong winds and stormy seas描写了海岛的自然环境：充斥着强风和惊涛骇浪；然后用The green grass and bare rock 描写了岛上的景色：绿草和光秃的岩石形成反差巨大的自然景观；最后用wild and natural beauty点评：海岛呈现出一种狂野和天然的美。
No.3 慧人生/以文化人“增才情”
漓江位于桂林市区以南，是桂林最重要的自然景观之一，也是中国最美丽的河流之一。江水清澈见底，掩映在两岸碧绿的青山下，恍如一副绝美的画卷。然而，大约20年前，漓江的水质和沿江生态却是另一番景象。采石挖砂、乱砍滥伐、工业废水及生活污水排放等都破坏了漓江以及两岸的生态系统，络绎不绝的游客更是使当地环境进一步恶化。为了守护漓江的生态底色，当地政府采取了一系列措施，打响生态保卫战，最终留住了桂林山水之美。
The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well-known tourist destinations in China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.It attracts millions of domestic and foreign visitors each year.However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on the river's water quality.
as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises.Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.In order to feed more people, more chemicals were used to increase crop production.These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species.
The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development.New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods.Furthermore, the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy.With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.
1．由文积词汇
reputation n． 名誉
enterprise n. 企业
comprehensive adj. 综合的
initiative n. 倡议
facilities n. 设施
regulation n. 章程
滴水穿石
2．据文悟句式
句①本句是“many of＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。
句② with a number of measures ...为介词短语，其中that addressed ...为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词measures。
No.4 课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In a small tea shop located in Bisalpur, Uttar Pradesh, one can spot unique furniture like stools (凳子) and tables made of bricks and recycled plastic.Other than customers, tourists who come to visit the nearby Jawai Dam often stop by here to hand plastic waste over to the shopkeeper.Run by Kana Ram Mewada, the shop not only sells tea and snacks, but also leads a campaign to reduce the use of single-use plastic in the village.
According to a report of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in 2019－2020, 3.5 million metric tons (公吨) of plastic waste is annually generated in India, and will remain in landfills (垃圾填埋场) for the upcoming hundreds of years.
Kana was deeply disturbed after reading that report on the Internet and began thinking about ways to raise the villagers' awareness and make his village free of plastic.
He started a campaign by collecting plastic waste from his own shop and roadside.Whenever customers came, he explained the campaign.In order to attract more people, he started giving something in return for the waste they brought.Sometimes, he purchased a few things made of recycled waste to show the villagers and told them they were created from their plastic waste contribution.He also made decorative items out of the waste and placed them around the shop.
As a result, people from the village became curious about his campaign.Even tourists began participating in the exchange.And today, the forest, rivers and public spaces that were once filled with plastic waste are cleaner than before.
He hopes that he can also help the neighboring villages recycle plastic waste and make the whole area plastic-free.“When an ordinary person like me decided to start a cause, it was inspiring that a whole village stood by me and supported me.We can all become torchbearers (启蒙者) for a better tomorrow.What we have to do is take a step forward，” he said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了店主Kana Ram Mewada在看了网上的报告后，决定发起收集塑料垃圾，让村庄远离塑料的运动。他把塑料做成一些独特的家具，吸引了很多人参与。
1．What led Kana to start the campaign
A．An online report. B．Tourists' behavior.
C．Customers' advice. D．His visit to landfills.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容以及第三段“Kana was deeply disturbed after reading that report on the Internet ... free of plastic.”可知，是一篇网上的报告让卡纳发起了这场运动。
√
2．Why did Kana place plastic decorations around his shop
A．To get more people to join his campaign.
B．To teach shoppers how to make them.
C．To make his shop much more beautiful.
D．To advertise the goods in his shop.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，卡纳在他的商店周围放置塑料装饰是为了让更多的人加入他的运动。
√
3．Which of the following can best describe Kana
A．Considerate and proud.
B．Ambitious and generous.
C．Responsible and creative.
D．Determined and humorous.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句以及第三段可知，卡纳有责任心和创造力。
√
4．What is the text mainly about
A．A shopkeeper's path to success.
B．A historic tourist spot in Bisalpur.
C．A unique way of turning waste into art.
D．A shopkeeper's campaign for plastic recycling.
解析：主旨大意题。结合第一段及全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是一个店主的塑料回收运动。
√
B
I had been living with Dino and his family for ten days or so, who lived and worked in the rainforest.They were the “bad guys”， burning much of the western Amazon to turn it into cattle farms.They were also some of the nicest and warmest hosts.They are a family trying to survive in a very tough environment through hard work.Their view and understanding of the problems the Amazon faces are different from mine.
I see the Amazon as an extraordinary valuable life that should be treasured and protected at all costs — the world needs it, and we all need it.However, the Dinos see the Amazon as a vast, lasting resource that feeds them.After talking extensively with them, I realized their respect for it was as deep as my own：they just saw it very differently.
Cattle farming in the Amazon is perhaps mainly responsible for the fires we are seeing now.It is an industry of cutting forest, burning it and turning it into cattle farms.Fires spread throughout the Amazon every year as a result of that practice.Putting cattle on the land means replacing trees with animals that produce damaging levels of greenhouse gases.This is just about the most stupid thing humans can do.
One morning after a fire, I returned to the land.I felt as though I had seen the blue smoke from those blackened tree trunks that remained upright, which are memorials to human stupidity.
The problems the Amazon faces are perhaps more complex now than ever before, but they are curable.We need to decide where and how we appoint and apply values based on sensible economic models that favour both the farmer and the forest.One of the issues facing the Brazilian Amazon now is a loosening of rules by the current administration which has opened up more land for deforestation (毁林) and burning.This could be disastrous, both for the Amazon and the rest of the world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述进入亚马孙雨林与当地居民居住的亲身经历，思考和探讨了亚马孙雨林亟待解决的人与自然共存的问题。作者认为巴西政府应该采取更严格的措施来解决亚马孙雨林被破坏的问题。
5．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．The consequences of cattle farming.
B．The main cause of global warming.
C．The causes of greenhouse gases.
D．The importance of cattle farming.
解析：段落大意题。根据第二段中的“Fires spread throughout ... thing humans can do.”可知，第二段主要讲了养牛业的后果。
√
6．How did the author feel when returning to the land after a fire
A．It helped the author recall his memory about the land.
B．It reminded the author of humans' foolishness of destroying the land.
C．It's not surprising to see the land destroyed by the fire.
D．It's amazing to see the trees keep upright after the fire.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I felt as though ...memorials to human stupidity.”可知，作者在火灾后返回这片土地的感觉是：它使作者想起了人们破坏土地的愚蠢行为。
7.Which of the following statements is true
A.The writer and Dino respected the Amazon equally in different ways.
B.Cattle farming is not to blame for the fires happening in the Amazon.
C.The problems the Amazon faces are more complex and can't be solved.
D.The Dinos are considered to be bad for burning the forest to make a fortune.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者和Dino以不同的方式平等地尊重亚马孙。
√
8．What should the Brazilian government do to solve the Amazon's problems
A．Prevent the deeds of burning.
B．Offer more land.
C．Take stricter measures.
D．Appoint economic models.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“One of the issues ...the rest of the world.”可知，现任巴西政府放松了对森林砍伐和焚烧的管制，这对亚马孙和世界其他地区来说都是灾难，所以巴西政府应该采取更严格的措施来解决亚马孙面临的问题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
The world is losing monarch butterflies at a striking rate，as various kinds of human activities destroy natural habitats. 9 Climate change，with its extreme storms，prolonged droughts and warming temperatures, is to destroy the forest that serves as the butterfly's winter home.
Scientists believe，to help these lovely butterflies，it is necessary to create an ecosystem where the butterflies will be able to survive.They've decided to start a monumental project. 10
“It's an idea that may sound crazy，” said Cuauhtemoc Saenz-Romero, a forest geneticist.“But by the end of the century，it may be absolutely needed.”
The butterflies seek shelter here in the oyamel firs (冷杉) in winter. 11 The firs protect the butterflies from chilly winter rains and create a microclimate cold enough to keep the butterflies in a state of hibernation (冬眠) but not so cold as to kill them.
12 The region is warming at such an accelerated pace that the trees won't be able to adapt, scientists say, and will need help migrating to areas where the climate is predicted to be suitable for them in future years.
Over the last several years，the team of researchers has overseen the relocation of about 1,000 young fir plants, which were growing at lower altitudes, up to higher — and cooler — elevations. 13 They are now establishing the trees at even higher altitudes on other nearby mountains — seeding ecosystems now that monarchs could potentially use later if temperatures continue to rise.
Every winter is witnessing tens of thousands of butterflies in the new forests, some fluttering about and others resting in massive clumps on the firs，their bodies obscuring the branches and trunks.
A．They hope to expand the project.
B．There is still hope to restore the forests.
C．Their dense tops act as an umbrella for the butterflies.
D．But the biggest threat yet has only recently come into focus.
E．They are trying to move an entire forest 1,000 feet up a mountain.
F．Scientists fear that climate change may kill off these firs altogether.
G．The project is believed to protect the butterfly and the natives as well.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类为了保护因气候变化正在消失的帝王蝶所做出的一些努力。
9．选D 上文提到了人类活动导致帝王蝶正在消失，后文则重点指出了气候变化对蝴蝶的影响，可见空处与上文构成转折，旨在说明对帝王蝶的最大威胁是气候变化。D选项“但是最大的威胁直到最近才成为焦点”符合语境，下文是对这个威胁的具体说明。
10．选E 上文提到科学家决定开始一项浩大的工程，空处为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明这一工程是什么。E选项“他们试图将整片森林移到1 000英尺高的山上”符合语境，选项中They指代上文Scientists。
11．选C 上文提到蝴蝶在冷杉中寻求庇护，后文则提到了冷杉是如何保护蝴蝶的，C选项“它们浓密的顶部就像蝴蝶的伞”符合语境，选项中umbrella呼应上文中shelter。
12．选F 后文提到“科学家指出树木无法适应气候变化，需要帮助它们迁移”，可见气候变化可能对冷杉造成消极影响，故F选项“科学家们担心气候变化可能会使这些冷杉全部灭绝”符合语境。
13．选A 上文提到冷杉幼苗由低海拔地区移到海拔较高的地区，后文则提到研究小组在海拔更高的山上种植这些树，即他们在做进一步实验，A选项“他们希望扩大这个项目”符合语境。4 / 4
UNIT 5 课时检测(一) “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In a small tea shop located in Bisalpur, Uttar Pradesh, one can spot unique furniture like stools (凳子) and tables made of bricks and recycled plastic.Other than customers, tourists who come to visit the nearby Jawai Dam often stop by here to hand plastic waste over to the shopkeeper.Run by Kana Ram Mewada, the shop not only sells tea and snacks, but also leads a campaign to reduce the use of single use plastic in the village.
According to a report of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in 2019－2020, 3.5 million metric tons (公吨) of plastic waste is annually generated in India, and will remain in landfills (垃圾填埋场) for the upcoming hundreds of years.
Kana was deeply disturbed after reading that report on the Internet and began thinking about ways to raise the villagers' awareness and make his village free of plastic.
He started a campaign by collecting plastic waste from his own shop and roadside.Whenever customers came, he explained the campaign.In order to attract more people, he started giving something in return for the waste they brought.Sometimes, he purchased a few things made of recycled waste to show the villagers and told them they were created from their plastic waste contribution.He also made decorative items out of the waste and placed them around the shop.
As a result, people from the village became curious about his campaign.Even tourists began participating in the exchange.And today, the forest, rivers and public spaces that were once filled with plastic waste are cleaner than before.
He hopes that he can also help the neighboring villages recycle plastic waste and make the whole area plastic free.“When an ordinary person like me decided to start a cause, it was inspiring that a whole village stood by me and supported me.We can all become torchbearers (启蒙者) for a better tomorrow.What we have to do is take a step forward，” he said.
1．What led Kana to start the campaign
A．An online report. B．Tourists' behavior.
C．Customers' advice. D．His visit to landfills.
2．Why did Kana place plastic decorations around his shop
A．To get more people to join his campaign.
B．To teach shoppers how to make them.
C．To make his shop much more beautiful.
D．To advertise the goods in his shop.
3．Which of the following can best describe Kana
A．Considerate and proud.
B．Ambitious and generous.
C．Responsible and creative.
D．Determined and humorous.
4．What is the text mainly about
A．A shopkeeper's path to success.
B．A historic tourist spot in Bisalpur.
C．A unique way of turning waste into art.
D．A shopkeeper's campaign for plastic recycling.
B
I had been living with Dino and his family for ten days or so, who lived and worked in the rainforest.They were the “bad guys”， burning much of the western Amazon to turn it into cattle farms.They were also some of the nicest and warmest hosts.They are a family trying to survive in a very tough environment through hard work.Their view and understanding of the problems the Amazon faces are different from mine.I see the Amazon as an extraordinary valuable life that should be treasured and protected at all costs — the world needs it, and we all need it.However, the Dinos see the Amazon as a vast, lasting resource that feeds them.After talking extensively with them, I realized their respect for it was as deep as my own：they just saw it very differently.
Cattle farming in the Amazon is perhaps mainly responsible for the fires we are seeing now.It is an industry of cutting forest, burning it and turning it into cattle farms.Fires spread throughout the Amazon every year as a result of that practice.Putting cattle on the land means replacing trees with animals that produce damaging levels of greenhouse gases.This is just about the most stupid thing humans can do.
One morning after a fire, I returned to the land.I felt as though I had seen the blue smoke from those blackened tree trunks that remained upright, which are memorials to human stupidity.
The problems the Amazon faces are perhaps more complex now than ever before, but they are curable.We need to decide where and how we appoint and apply values based on sensible economic models that favour both the farmer and the forest.One of the issues facing the Brazilian Amazon now is a loosening of rules by the current administration which has opened up more land for deforestation (毁林) and burning.This could be disastrous, both for the Amazon and the rest of the world.
5．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．The consequences of cattle farming.
B．The main cause of global warming.
C．The causes of greenhouse gases.
D．The importance of cattle farming.
6．How did the author feel when returning to the land after a fire
A．It helped the author recall his memory about the land.
B．It reminded the author of humans' foolishness of destroying the land.
C．It's not surprising to see the land destroyed by the fire.
D．It's amazing to see the trees keep upright after the fire.
7．Which of the following statements is true
A．The writer and Dino respected the Amazon equally in different ways.
B．Cattle farming is not to blame for the fires happening in the Amazon.
C．The problems the Amazon faces are more complex and can't be solved.
D．The Dinos are considered to be bad for burning the forest to make a fortune.
8．What should the Brazilian government do to solve the Amazon's problems
A．Prevent the deeds of burning.
B．Offer more land.
C．Take stricter measures.
D．Appoint economic models.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
The world is losing monarch butterflies at a striking rate，as various kinds of human activities destroy natural habitats.__9__ Climate change, with its extreme storms，prolonged droughts and warming temperatures, is to destroy the forest that serves as the butterfly's winter home.
Scientists believe，to help these lovely butterflies，it is necessary to create an ecosystem where the butterflies will be able to survive.They've decided to start a monumental project.__10__
“It's an idea that may sound crazy，” said Cuauhtemoc Saenz Romero, a forest geneticist.“But by the end of the century，it may be absolutely needed.”
The butterflies seek shelter here in the oyamel firs (冷杉) in winter.__11__ The firs protect the butterflies from chilly winter rains and create a microclimate cold enough to keep the butterflies in a state of hibernation (冬眠) but not so cold as to kill them.
__12__ The region is warming at such an accelerated pace that the trees won't be able to adapt, scientists say, and will need help migrating to areas where the climate is predicted to be suitable for them in future years.
Over the last several years，the team of researchers has overseen the relocation of about 1,000 young fir plants, which were growing at lower altitudes, up to higher — and cooler — elevations.__13__ They are now establishing the trees at even higher altitudes on other nearby mountains — seeding ecosystems now that monarchs could potentially use later if temperatures continue to rise.
Every winter is witnessing tens of thousands of butterflies in the new forests, some fluttering about and others resting in massive clumps on the firs，their bodies obscuring the branches and trunks.
A．They hope to expand the project.
B．There is still hope to restore the forests.
C．Their dense tops act as an umbrella for the butterflies.
D．But the biggest threat yet has only recently come into focus.
E．They are trying to move an entire forest 1,000 feet up a mountain.
F．Scientists fear that climate change may kill off these firs altogether.
G．The project is believed to protect the butterfly and the natives as well.
UNIT 5 课时检测(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了店主Kana Ram Mewada在看了网上的报告后，决定发起收集塑料垃圾，让村庄远离塑料的运动。他把塑料做成一些独特的家具，吸引了很多人参与。
1．选A 细节理解题。根据第二段内容以及第三段“Kana was deeply disturbed after reading that report on the Internet ... free of plastic.”可知，是一篇网上的报告让卡纳发起了这场运动。
2．选A 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，卡纳在他的商店周围放置塑料装饰是为了让更多的人加入他的运动。
3．选C 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句以及第三段可知，卡纳有责任心和创造力。
4．选D 主旨大意题。结合第一段及全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是一个店主的塑料回收运动。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述进入亚马孙雨林与当地居民居住的亲身经历，思考和探讨了亚马孙雨林亟待解决的人与自然共存的问题。作者认为巴西政府应该采取更严格的措施来解决亚马孙雨林被破坏的问题。
5．选A 段落大意题。根据第二段中的“Fires spread throughout ...thing humans can do.”可知，第二段主要讲了养牛业的后果。
6．选B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I felt as though ...memorials to human stupidity.”可知，作者在火灾后返回这片土地的感觉是：它使作者想起了人们破坏土地的愚蠢行为。
7．选A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者和Dino以不同的方式平等地尊重亚马孙。
8．选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“One of the issues ...the rest of the world.”可知，现任巴西政府放松了对森林砍伐和焚烧的管制，这对亚马孙和世界其他地区来说都是灾难，所以巴西政府应该采取更严格的措施来解决亚马孙面临的问题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类为了保护因气候变化正在消失的帝王蝶所做出的一些努力。
9．选D 上文提到了人类活动导致帝王蝶正在消失，后文则重点指出了气候变化对蝴蝶的影响，可见空处与上文构成转折，旨在说明对帝王蝶的最大威胁是气候变化。D选项“但是最大的威胁直到最近才成为焦点”符合语境，下文是对这个威胁的具体说明。
10．选E 上文提到科学家决定开始一项浩大的工程，空处为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明这一工程是什么。E选项“他们试图将整片森林移到1 000英尺高的山上”符合语境，选项中They指代上文Scientists。
11．选C 上文提到蝴蝶在冷杉中寻求庇护，后文则提到了冷杉是如何保护蝴蝶的，C选项“它们浓密的顶部就像蝴蝶的伞”符合语境，选项中umbrella呼应上文中shelter。
12．选F 后文提到“科学家指出树木无法适应气候变化，需要帮助它们迁移”，可见气候变化可能对冷杉造成消极影响，故F选项“科学家们担心气候变化可能会使这些冷杉全部灭绝”符合语境。
13．选A 上文提到冷杉幼苗由低海拔地区移到海拔较高的地区，后文则提到研究小组在海拔更高的山上种植这些树，即他们在做进一步实验，A选项“他们希望扩大这个项目”符合语境。
