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Section Ⅱ “Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节
新学词汇·归类记清
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．a seaside holiday resort __________度假胜地
2．live in the suburbs 住在_____________
3．welcome newcomers 欢迎_____________
4．flourish in a damp climate 在潮湿的气候下____________
5．garbage collection __________收集
二、重点单词——写其形
1．__________ eyes 贪婪的眼睛
2．the mass__________ migration 大规模城市迁徙
3．__________ the cost 估计成本
4．play a __________ role 起至关重要的作用
5．__________ access 限制访问
三、活用单词——悉其变
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
四、拓展构词——明其规
commitment：“v.＋ment”→n.
[依“规”串记]
①move→ movement 移动；动作
②develop→development 发展
③entertain→entertainment 娱乐
④state→statement 陈述
⑤argue→argument 论点；争论
五、高级词块——通其用
1．______________ 发生；举行
2．______________ 接管；控制
3．______________ 对……负责
4．______________ 别无选择只好做某事
5．______________ 寻找新的栖息地
6．______________ 够不到
7．______________ 在建设之中
8．______________ 扔掉
9．______________ 弄明白；解决
10．______________ 适应，与……合得来
11．______________ 以……的速度
12．______________ 总计
13．______________ 适应
14．______________ 对……有更好的理解
15．______________ 一种……的方式
重点词汇·深化学习
1．The crime took place in a seaside suburb of Cape Town.
在开普敦的一个海滨郊区发生了一起犯罪活动。
★take place发生；举行
[用法感知]
①A total solar eclipse is due to take place some time tomorrow.
预计日全食会发生在明天的某个时候。
②(“情绪描写”佳句)As the cut-off time got closer and closer, a mix of anxiety and nerves took the place of the casualness of his gesture.
随着截止时间越来越近，一种混杂的焦虑和紧张取代了他姿态上的漫不经心。
[归纳点拨]
take the place of＝take one's place 代替；替换
in place of＝in one's place 代替
in place在正确位置；准备就绪
out of place 位置不当；不恰当
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③If the things in your room are out ________ place, you are easy to lose control of yourself.
④Once you have finished reading the book, please put it __________ place.
⑤Who will attend the meeting to be held in Beijing in place __________ the sick manager
⑥As we all know that the sports meeting will ________________________.
众所周知，运动会将会在我们学校举行。
⑦There is no doubt that artificial intelligence is of help in our study but it can never ________________________________________.
毫无疑问，人工智能在我们的学习中有所帮助，但是它永远都不能完全取代老师。
[易混辨析]
take place, happen, occur, break out, come about
易混词(组) 意义与用法
take place (根据安排或计划)发生
happen (偶然或意外)发生； 碰巧
occur “发生”；occur to sb.表示“(某事或想法)被想到”
break out (战争、火灾、疾病等)突然发生；爆发
come about “(未经计划)发生，产生”， 常与how连用
注意：以上表示“发生”的动词(词组)均为不及物动词(词组)，不能用于进行时态，也不能用于被动语态。
2．Recent studies estimate that between 400 million and 1 billion birds die from window impacts each year in the US alone.
近期研究估计，仅在美国，每年就有4亿到10亿只鸟因撞向窗户而亡。
★estimate v．估计，估算
[用法感知]
①It is hard to estimate how many children suffer from dyslexia and we hope the activity will be helpful to some of them.
很难估计有多少孩子有诵读困难症，我们希望这次活动能帮到其中一些人。
②(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)Having rich imagination, Li Bai created a large number of wonderful poems throughout his life，which is estimated to be over one thousand.
李白具有丰富的想象力，一生创作了大量精彩的诗歌，据估计有一千多首。
③(“活动介绍”类佳句)It is estimated that about 100,000 students around the country participated in the program's competition series.
据估计，全国各地大约有l0万名学生参加该项目的系列比赛。
[归纳点拨]
estimate sth.at sth. 估价
It is estimated that ... 据估计……
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④The experts estimated the cost of the satellite __________ D|S4,000 million.
⑤__________________________________________________ in this accident.
据估计，在这次事故中有20人受伤。
⑥The deal __________________________ around D|S1.5 million.
这笔交易估计价值150万美元左右。
3．However they adapt to our ways of urban living，it's important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours.
不论它们如何适应我们的城市生活，更好地理解甚至学会欣赏我们的野生邻居是非常重要的。
★adapt to 适应
[用法感知]
①Wherever he goes, he can quickly adapt to new circumstances.
无论他去哪里，他都能迅速适应新环境。
②Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate.
只有用这种方式我们才能在毕业后很快地使自己适应社会。
③Three of her novels have been adapted for television.
她的小说中有三部已改编成电视节目。
[归纳点拨]
(1)adapt v． 适应；改编
adapt (oneself) to ... 使(自己)适应……
adapt ...from ... 根据……改编……
be adapted for 为……而改写/改编
(2)adaptable adj. 能适应的；有适应能力的
(3)adaptation n. 适应；改编本；改写本
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
④It is well known that the film is adapted ______________ the novel of the same title.
⑤The director was fully convinced that this moving story, if adapted ________ television, would be a hit.
⑥It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt ________ the new environment abroad.
⑦Obviously, if the animals are not ________， they can't make a good __________ to the urban living.(adapt)
⑧If one has a sense of humor, he can mentally adapt __________ (he) to the changing conditions in a wise and healthy manner.
[名师点津] adopt与adapt在拼写上只有一个字母之差，但在意义上却大相径庭。adopt v．采用；采取；采纳；领养。
★appreciate v．欣赏；赏识；感激；意识到
[用法感知]
①(“感谢”类写作佳句)I'd appreciate it if you let me know whether you are available or not in advance.
如果你提前告知我你是否有空我将感激不尽。
②(“求助”类写作佳句)Given your busy schedule, I'd be very appreciative if you give me some professional advice.
考虑到你繁忙的日程，如果你能给我一些专业的建议，我将不胜感激。
③(“感谢”类写作佳句)I would like to convey my sincere appreciation to you for your assistance.
对于你的帮助，我想表达我诚挚的感谢。
[归纳点拨]
(1)appreciate (one's) doing sth.感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if ...如果……，我将不胜感激。
(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
appreciative adj. 感谢的；欣赏的；感激的
express/show one's appreciation to sb.for sth.因某事表达对某人的感激之情
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④I appreciate ________ (give) the opportunity to take part in the English competition.
⑤His talents were not fully __________ (appreciate) in that company, which resulted in his leaving in the end.
⑥Here I sincerely express my __________ (appreciate) if you could help me find the lost suitcase.
⑦______________________________________________________________.I am sure I can be of great help to you.
如果能得到这个机会，我将不胜感激。我确信我能对您有很大帮助。
1．No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him.
不论他犯罪多少次，警方都无法抓捕到他。
感知将学语法——让步状语从句
句中No matter how引导让步状语从句，此时可以替换为However。
①Whatever you do, do your best.
不管你做什么，都要全力以赴。
②However hard she tried, nothing seemed to work.
无论她多么努力，好像都无济于事。
2．Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats.
只有那时，我们才能展望与它们和谐分享城市栖息地的未来。
本句中“only＋状语”位于句首，句子使用了部分倒装结构。,“only＋状语/状语从句”置于句首时，句子主句要使用部分倒装。部分倒装句式为：情态动词/助动词/be 动词＋主语＋谓语剩余部分。若原句本身没有情态动词或be动词，应根据谓语动词的时态和数，在主语前加do， does或did。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①I failed in the final exam last term, and then I realized the importance of study.
→I failed in the final exam last term, and ________________ the importance of study.
②In this way the Internet can be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone.
→__________________________________ a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone.
③When I reached the top of the mountain, I had a great sense of achievement.
→________________________________________________ a great sense of achievement.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)只有这样，我们才能为口语练习创造一个互动的环境，更好地培养我们的英语能力。
__________________________________ an interactive environment for our oral practice and better develop our English competence.
⑤只有学会与自然和睦共处，我们才不会成为野生生物甚至地球的威胁。
______________________________________________________ stop being a threat to wildlife and even to our planet.
Section Ⅱ
NO.1 积词汇
新学词汇·归类记清
一、1.海滨 2.城郊 3.新来者 4.生长茂盛 5.垃圾
二、1.greedy 2.urban 3.estimate 4.crucial 5.restrict
三、1.①crime ②criminal
2．①thieves ②theft
3．①commit ②commitment
4．①contain ②container
5．①appreciate ②appreciation
五、1.take place 2.take over 3.be responsible for 4.have no choice but to do sth. 5.look for new habitats 6.out of reach
7．under construction 8.throw away 9.figure out 10.fit in with 11.at speeds of 12.amount to 13.adapt to
14．get a better understanding of 15.a means of ...
重点词汇·深化学习
1．③of ④in ⑤of ⑥take place in our school
⑦take the place of teachers completely
2．④at ⑤It is estimated that 20 people were injured
⑥is estimated to be worth
3．④from ⑤for ⑥to ⑦adaptable; adaptation ⑧himself
4．④being given ⑤appreciated ⑥appreciation
⑦I would appreciate it if I could be offered the chance
NO.2 通句式
2．①only then did I realize ②Only in this way can the Internet be ③Only when I reached the top of the mountain did I have
④Only in this way can we create
⑤Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we(共84张PPT)
Section Ⅱ
“Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节
NO 1
积词汇/由记准到用活
NO 2
通句式/由规则到熟用
NO 3
课时跟踪检测
目 录
新学词汇·归类记清
No.1 积词汇/由记准到用活
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．a seaside holiday resort _____度假胜地
2．live in the suburbs 住在_____
海滨
城郊
3．welcome newcomers 欢迎_______
4．flourish in a damp climate 在潮湿的气候下_________
5．garbage collection _____收集
新来者
生长茂盛
垃圾
二、重点单词——写其形
1．_______ eyes 贪婪的眼睛
2．the mass ______migration 大规模城市迁徙
3．_________ the cost 估计成本
4．play a _______role 起至关重要的作用
5．_______ access 限制访问
greedy
urban
estimate
crucial
restrict
三、活用单词——悉其变
四、拓展构词——明其规
commitment：“v.＋ment”→n.
[依“规”串记]
①move→ movement 移动；动作
②develop→development 发展
③entertain→entertainment 娱乐
④state→statement 陈述
⑤argue→argument 论点；争论
五、高级词块——通其用
1．_________ 发生；举行
2．_________ 接管；控制
3．________________ 对……负责
4．_________________________ 别无选择只好做某事
5．___________________ 寻找新的栖息地
6．___________ 够不到
take place
take over
be responsible for
have no choice but to do sth.
look for new habitats
out of reach
7．________________ 在建设之中
8．__________ 扔掉
9．_________ 弄明白；解决
10．_________ 适应，与……合得来
11．__________ 以……的速度
12．_________ 总计
13．_______ 适应
14．_________________________ 对……有更好的理解
15．___________ 一种……的方式
under construction
throw away
figure out
fit in with
at speeds of
amount to
adapt to
get a better understanding of
a means of ...
重点词汇·深化学习
1．The crime took place in a seaside suburb of Cape Town.
在开普敦的一个海滨郊区发生了一起犯罪活动。
★take place发生；举行
[用法感知]
①A total solar eclipse is due to take place some time tomorrow.
预计日全食会发生在明天的某个时候。
②(“情绪描写”佳句)As the cut-off time got closer and closer, a mix of anxiety and nerves took the place of the casualness of his gesture.
随着截止时间越来越近，一种混杂的焦虑和紧张取代了他姿态上的漫不经心。
[归纳点拨]
take the place of＝take one's place 代替；替换
in place of＝in one's place 代替
in place 在正确位置；准备就绪
out of place 位置不当；不恰当
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③If the things in your room are out ___ place, you are easy to lose control of yourself.
④Once you have finished reading the book, please put it ___ place.
⑤Who will attend the meeting to be held in Beijing in place ___ the sick manager
of
in
of
⑥As we all know that the sports meeting will__________________
______.
众所周知，运动会将会在我们学校举行。
⑦There is no doubt that artificial intelligence is of help in our study but it can never_________________________________.
毫无疑问，人工智能在我们的学习中有所帮助，但是它永远都不能完全取代老师。
take place in our
school
take the place of teachers completely
[易混辨析]
take place, happen, occur, break out, come about
易混词(组) 意义与用法
take place (根据安排或计划)发生
happen (偶然或意外)发生； 碰巧
occur “发生”；occur to sb.表示“(某事或想法)被想到”
break out (战争、火灾、疾病等)突然发生；爆发
come about “(未经计划)发生，产生”， 常与how连用
注意：以上表示“发生”的动词(词组)均为不及物动词(词组)，不能用于进行时态，也不能用于被动语态。
2．Recent studies estimate that between 400 million and 1 billion birds die from window impacts each year in the US alone.
近期研究估计，仅在美国，每年就有4亿到10亿只鸟因撞向窗户而亡。
★estimate v．估计，估算
[用法感知]
①It is hard to estimate how many children suffer from dyslexia and we hope the activity will be helpful to some of them.
很难估计有多少孩子有诵读困难症，我们希望这次活动能帮到其中一些人。
②(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)Having rich imagination，Li Bai created a large number of wonderful poems throughout his life，which is estimated to be over one thousand.
李白具有丰富的想象力，一生创作了大量精彩的诗歌，据估计有一千多首。
③(“活动介绍”类佳句)It is estimated that about 100,000 students around the country participated in the program's competition series.
据估计，全国各地大约有l0万名学生参加该项目的系列比赛。
[归纳点拨]
estimate sth.at sth. 估价
It is estimated that ... 据估计……
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④The experts estimated the cost of the satellite ____ 4,000 million.
⑤____________________________________ in this accident.
据估计，在这次事故中有20人受伤。
⑥The deal ____________________ around 1.5 million.
这笔交易估计价值150万美元左右。
at
It is estimated that 20 people were injured
is estimated to be worth
3．However they adapt to our ways of urban living，it's important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours.
不论它们如何适应我们的城市生活，更好地理解甚至学会欣赏我们的野生邻居是非常重要的。
★adapt to 适应
[用法感知]
①Wherever he goes, he can quickly adapt to new circumstances.
无论他去哪里，他都能迅速适应新环境。
②Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate.
只有用这种方式我们才能在毕业后很快地使自己适应社会。
③Three of her novels have been adapted for television.
她的小说中有三部已改编成电视节目。
[归纳点拨]
(1)adapt v． 适应；改编
adapt (oneself) to ... 使(自己)适应……
adapt ...from ... 根据……改编……
be adapted for 为……而改写/改编
(2)adaptable adj. 能适应的；有适应能力的
(3)adaptation n. 适应；改编本；改写本
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
④It is well known that the film is adapted ____ the novel of the same title.
⑤The director was fully convinced that this moving story, if adapted ___ television, would be a hit.
⑥It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt ___ the new environment abroad.
from
for
to
⑦Obviously, if the animals are not_________, they can't make a good __________ to the urban living.(adapt)
⑧If one has a sense of humor, he can mentally adapt ________ (he) to the changing conditions in a wise and healthy manner.
[名师点津] adopt与adapt在拼写上只有一个字母之差，但在意义上却大相径庭。adopt v．采用；采取；采纳；领养。
adaptable
adaptation
himself
★appreciate v．欣赏；赏识；感激；意识到
[用法感知]
①(“感谢”类写作佳句)I'd appreciate it if you let me know whether you are available or not in advance.
如果你提前告知我你是否有空我将感激不尽。
②(“求助”类写作佳句)Given your busy schedule, I'd be very appreciative if you give me some professional advice.
考虑到你繁忙的日程，如果你能给我一些专业的建议，我将不胜感激。
③(“感谢”类写作佳句)I would like to convey my sincere appreciation to you for your assistance.
对于你的帮助，我想表达我诚挚的感谢。
[归纳点拨]
(1)appreciate (one's) doing sth. 感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if ... 如果……，我将不胜感激。
(2)appreciation n． 欣赏；感激
appreciative adj. 感谢的；欣赏的；感激的
express/show one's appreciation to sb.for sth.
因某事表达对某人的感激之情
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④I appreciate __________ (give) the opportunity to take part in the English competition.
⑤His talents were not fully __________ (appreciate) in that company, which resulted in his leaving in the end.
being given
appreciated
⑥Here I sincerely express my ___________ (appreciate) if you could help me find the lost suitcase.
⑦_____________________________________________.I am sure I can be of great help to you.
如果能得到这个机会，我将不胜感激。我确信我能对您有很大帮助。
appreciation
I would appreciate it if I could be offered the chance
No.2 通句式/由规则到熟用
1．No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him.
不论他犯罪多少次，警方都无法抓捕到他。
感知将学语法——让步状语从句
句中No matter how引导让步状语从句，此时可以替换为However。
①Whatever you do, do your best.
不管你做什么，都要全力以赴。
②However hard she tried, nothing seemed to work.
无论她多么努力，好像都无济于事。
2．Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats.
只有那时，我们才能展望与它们和谐分享城市栖息地的未来。
本句中“only＋状语”位于句首，句子使用了部分倒装结构。
“only＋状语/状语从句”置于句首时，句子主句要使用部分倒装。部分倒装句式为：情态动词/助动词/be 动词＋主语＋谓语剩余部分。若原句本身没有情态动词或be动词，应根据谓语动词的时态和数，在主语前加do，does或did。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①I failed in the final exam last term, and then I realized the importance of study.
→I failed in the final exam last term, and ____________________
the importance of study.
only then did I realize
②In this way the Internet can be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone.
→__________________________________ a place of discovery, wonder
and inspiration for everyone.
③When I reached the top of the mountain, I had a great sense of achievement.
→___________________________________________________ a great
sense of achievement.
Only in this way can the Internet be
Only when I reached the top of the mountain did I have
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)只有这样，我们才能为口语练习创造一个互动的环境，更好地培养我们的英语能力。
_____________________________ an interactive environment for our oral practice and better develop our English competence.
⑤只有学会与自然和睦共处，我们才不会成为野生生物甚至地球的威胁。
________________________________________________________ stop being a threat to wildlife and even to our planet.
Only in this way can we create
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we
No.3 课时跟踪检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A _______ (贪婪的) man is never content.He wants to have more of something such as food or money.
2．We _________ (估计) that it would cost about $5,000 to repair the old temple.
3．I would __________ (感激) it very much if you could give me some advice on how to improve my spoken English.
greedy
estimated
appreciate
4．The mayor is confident that the war against _______ (犯罪活动) will be won.
5．A new factory is situated in the _________ (郊区), about a mile from the town.
6．About sixty-seven percent of ________ (城市的) residents use the Internet.
7．Every two months she throws _________ (垃圾) like shoes and clothes into the dustbin.
8．As is known to all, an animal's sense of smell is still ________ (至关重要的) to its survival.
crime
suburb
urban
garbage
crucial
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．She is an authority on ________ (crime) law.
2．As we all know, anyone who _______ (commit) a crime should be punished by law.
3．Access to the club is _________ (restrict) to members only.
4．It is necessary for us to show our ____________ (appreciate) to the selfless and devoted medical workers.
5．There is no doubt that ___ is humans that destroy the habitats of the wild animals.
criminal
commits
restricted
appreciation
it
Ⅲ.选词填空
take place， figure out， fit in with， at speeds of， have no choice but， take over
1．As long as you ___________ the new surroundings, you'll learn something new.
2．This flight is now heading for Paris __________ 1,000 kilometres an hour.
fit in with
at speeds of
3．Great changes _______________ in China in the last few years.
4．It is raining now.We _________________ to stay at home.
5．She has been appointed to ________ his work.
6．With the Chinese translation and vivid pictures, we could _____
___ the word's meaning with ease.
have taken place
have no choice but
take over
figure
out
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．_____________________ to achieve the dream, I will never give up.
不论实现这个梦想多么困难，我永远都不会放弃。
2．To be honest,__________________________________________
_________________.
坦白地说，是人类应该为全球变暖负责。
No matter how hard it is
it is human beings that/who should be responsible
for global warming
3．_________________________, children will become proud of themselves and more confident.
一旦被父母赏识，孩子们就会对自己感到骄傲并变得更自信。
4．____________________________________ the urban life.
一年之后，我父母才适应了城市生活。
Once appreciated by parents
Only after a year did my parents adapt to
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
It was reported that in a seaside suburb of Cape Town, the ①______ (greed) chacma baboon stole a bag of shopping from a car.Once almost unheard of, scenes like this one are common all over the world.It is almost as if our cities ②______________ (take) over by wild animals.
greedy
are being taken
Many wild animals are moving into the cities.③___ is assumed that urban development and climate change are responsible ④____ this.But the fact is that some of these urban animals have never moved at all, so it's we humans ⑤________ have moved into their territory, making them have no choice but ⑥_______ (move) in with us.Luckily, the urban animals can find
who/that
to move
It
for
⑦_________ (appeal) places to live in and plenty of food to eat in the cities.However, to survive in the cities, they have to adapt to the new habitats and even change their living habits.There are also a lot of dangers in the cities.For example, a large number of ⑧_______ (bird) die from window impacts because of being unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass.
appealing
birds
In a word, although the urban animals have tried to adapt to our ways of urban living, it is important that we humans ⑨____________ (get) a better understanding of and learn to appreciate them, so that we can ⑩_____________ (harmonious) share our urban habitats with them.
(should) get
harmoniously
Ⅰ.阅读理解
There are almost 58,500 tree species in the world.But a new international study has warned that between a third and half of those are at risk of extinction in the wild — posing a risk of wider ecosystem collapse.The comprehensive report by Botanic Gardens Conservation International found that twice as many tree species are threatened as
mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles combined.More than 440 tree species have fewer than 50 individuals left in natural environments.Worse, even abundant trees that survive in many cases are greatly reduced.In Brazil, deforestation (滥伐森林) in the Amazon has hit the highest annual level in a decade.
The key factor for tree loss is the destruction of habitat by farming, grazing (放牧) and logging.Global heating and its consequences, from extreme weather to rising sea levels, are increasingly damaging wild forests.Tropical island states are particularly affected, but the problems lie closer too.Just 30 Menai whitebeams remain in north Wales, the only place on earth where they are found.
Protecting such habitats must be the priority.One study suggests that global tree cover has actually increased over recent decades, but 420m hectares of forest were lost between 1990 and 2020.Despite how important those recent tree-planting projects may be, new plantations (种植园) are by no means substitute for original, complex and biodiverse environments that have evolved over centuries.
Where forests have been erased, natural regeneration is often best.Failing that, planting a variety of species is better than simply relying on a few fast-growing kinds of saplings(树苗)．Considering human interests is important：including harvestable trees will encourage more actions to protect the land (and the Amazon of today was shaped by humans over centuries)．Only by working with communities can protection be sustainable.Preserving seeds in the hope that species can be brought back to life is necessary too.But it is a final resolve.A seed bank cannot replace the rich life of a forest.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。全世界三分之一到一半的树木物种有野外灭绝的风险，文章鼓励人们要采取多方面的措施来保护树木。
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句可知，A选项“扩张的城市”不会导致森林消失。
1．According to the passage, which of the following factors does not lead to the loss of forests
A．Expanding cities.
B．Rising sea levels.
C．Keeping animals that eat grass.
D．Cutting down trees for their wood.
√
2．According to the passage, what is the best way to deal with tree loss
A．To set up seed banks.
B．To plant a variety of tree species.
C．To plant a few fast-growing tree species.
D．To let the erased forests restore themselves.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Where forests have been erased，natural regeneration is often best.”可知，处理树木损失的最佳方法是让被砍伐的森林自然再生。故选D项。
√
3．What can be inferred from the passage
A．Nearly five hundred tree species have disappeared.
B．Global tree cover decreased between 1990 and 2020.
C．Planting fruit trees may encourage people to protect forests.
D．Man-made plantations could totally replace the original natural forests.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Considering human interests is important：including harvestable trees will encourage more actions to protect the land”可推断出，种植果树可以鼓励人们保护森林。
4．What's the structure of the passage
A．Pro — Con. B．Problem — Solution.
C．Problem — Cause. D．Cause — Effect.
解析：篇章结构题。文章介绍了全世界三分之一到一半的树木物种有在野外灭绝的风险，并鼓励人们要采取多方面的措施来保护树木。所以短文的结构为“问题－解决方法”。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
Joriden's love with migrating raptors(猛禽) started when he saw a group of strangers scanning the sky with telescope on top of a hill in his village.His 5 drove him to find out what they were doing.To his joy, the strangers 6 him to take a look.With just one quick look, Joriden was 7 .“The sight is very 8 ，” said Joriden.“They take away my stress.I 9 watching these mighty birds.”
Joriden used to hunt birds for fun or food.But the 10 with the birdwatchers shifted his mind.Now, not only did he 11 his fellow youths or even older folk to 12 birds they've caught, but he also 13 the community members to stop cutting trees in the mountains to 14 the roosts(栖息地) of the migratory birds.
Raptors are 15 indicators of the health of the environment.They sit on top of the food chain，thus their health depends on the health of the whole ecosystem they live in.Declines in their population can indicate a 16 in the specific ecosystem that raptor species depend upon or visit.Raptors, which are natural predators (食肉动物), are also 17 to human food security and livelihoods.If their population 18 ， the population of harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase， 19 agricultural productivity.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲的是Joriden保护猛禽的故事。
5．A.joy B．curiosity
C．experience D．confidence
解析：他看到一群陌生人在他村子的山顶上用望远镜扫视天空，所以出于好奇心，他去了解他们在做什么。
√
6．A.reminded B．urged
C．allowed D．convinced
解析：由后文的“With just one quick look”可知，那些陌生人允许他看一眼。
√
7．A.attracted B．controlled
C．rewarded D．accepted
解析：由后文的“They take away my stress”可知，Joriden觉得鸟儿带走了他的压力，所以此处指他被这些猛禽吸引住了。
√
8．A.regular B．strange
C．famous D．impressive
解析：由上文的“With just one quick look，Joriden was ”可知，那一幕景象是令人印象深刻的。
√
9．A.imagined B．avoided
C．enjoyed D．risked
解析：由上文的“They take away my stress”可知，他觉得那些猛禽带走了他的压力，所以喜欢看这些强大的鸟类。
√
10．A.encounter B．discussion
C．adventure D．training
解析：根据第一段的内容可知，他和观鸟者的邂逅改变了他的想法。
√
11．A.wait for B．send for
C．rely on D．appeal to
解析：由后文的“his fellow youths or even older folk to birds they've caught”可知，他呼吁年轻人和老年人释放捕获的鸟类。
√
12．A.sell B．raise
C．scare D．release
解析：由后文的“birds they've caught”可知，他在此处表示呼吁人们释放捕获的鸟类。
√
13．A.warned B．persuaded
C．forced D．expected
解析：由后文的“the community members to stop cutting trees in the mountains”可知，他是在说服社区成员停止砍伐山上的树木。
√
14．A.protect B．locate
C．clear D．hide
解析：由前面的“to stop cutting trees in the mountains”和后面的“the roosts (栖息地) of the migratory birds”可知，停止砍伐山上的树木是为了保护候鸟的栖息地。
√
15．A.natural B．statistical
C．subjective D．faulty
解析：由后文的“indicators of the health of the environment”可知，猛禽是环境健康的天然指示器。
√
16．A.probability B．problem
C．secret D．pattern
解析：由上文的“Declines in their population”可知，它们数量的下降可能表明肉食鸟物种依赖的某个生态系统出现了问题。
√
17．A.familiar B．accessible
C．obvious D．beneficial
解析：由后文的“If their population _______， the population of harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase，
_______ agricultural productivity”可知，猛禽对人类的粮食安全和生计是有益的。
√
18．A.doubles B．decreases
C．varies D．ages
解析：由后文的“the population of harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase”可知，猛禽可以吃害虫，所以如果它们的数量减少，那么害虫的数量就会增加。
√
19．A.boosting B．maintaining
C．affecting D．measuring
解析：由上文的“the population of harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase”可知，如果猛禽的数量减少，迁徙途中的害虫和动物的数量就会增加，影响农业生产力。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
Zeb Hogan, a research biologist, has been documenting large freshwater fishes for almost two decades.His search for big fish, described 1 the Megafishes Project, began in 2005 after learning fishermen in northern Thailand pulled a big catfish out of the Mekong River.And 2 (weigh) 646 pounds, it interested Hogan.However, he couldn't find any scientifically documented freshwater fish larger than the one that had been the 3 (inspire) for his search until last week,
when his research team got a call from Moul Thun. 4 fisherman said he'd accidentally caught a freshwater stingray “much bigger” than any 5 (find) previously.
After arriving there, the team determined that Thun's fish was the same ray species known to occur in the Mekong.But they 6 (shock) to see her weight：At 661 pounds, she set a new world record.
Hogan said the original aim of the Megafishes Project was to find, study, and protect the 7 (large) freshwater fish in the world.The challenge, as he soon learned, was that many of these fish are hard to find — they live in remote, 8 (accessible) places and are shrinking in number.As Hogan's work progressed, 9 (it) focus increasingly turned to conservation.According to Hogan, 10 finding the biggest fish is important, looking for ways to protect these extraordinary animals from extinction is more important.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了湄公河渔民发现世界上最大的淡水鱼以及Zeb Hogan在寻找、研究和保护大型淡水鱼方面所作的努力。
1．as 考查介词。此处表示“作为，当作”，故填as。 describe sth.as sth.“把……称作……”。
2．weighing 考查非谓语动词。此处非谓语动词作状语，weigh “有……重” 与其逻辑主语it之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，故填weighing。
3．inspiration 考查名词。根据空前的the和空后的for可知，空处应用名词，故填 inspiration。inspiration“启发灵感的人(或事物)，使人产生动机的人(或事物)”。
4．The 考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示特指，这里说的渔民正是前面提到的Moul Thun，故填定冠词The。注意：空处位于句首，首字母应大写。
5．found 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，从句已有谓语，此处应用非谓语动词，find与被修饰词之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填found。
6．were shocked 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处陈述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；they 与shock之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填were shocked。
7．largest 考查形容词最高级。根据语境和空前的the可知，此处表示“世界上最大的”，应用形容词最高级，故填largest。
8．inaccessible 考查语境辨义。句意：他很快就发现，挑战在于很多这种鱼都很难被找到——它们生活在偏远、难以到达的地方，而且数量正在减少。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词作定语，且表示“难以到达的”，故填 inaccessible。
9．its 考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示工作的重点越来越转向对这些淡水鱼的保护。空处修饰名词focus，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
10．while/though/although 考查连词。句意：在Hogan看来，尽管找到最大的鱼很重要，但是寻找保护这些非凡动物免于灭绝的方法更为重要。根据语境可知，此处表示让步关系，故填引导让步状语从句的while/though/although。5 / 5
UNIT 6 课时检测(二) “Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A __________ (贪婪的) man is never content.He wants to have more of something such as food or money.
2．We __________ (估计) that it would cost about D|S5,000 to repair the old temple.
3．I would __________ (感激) it very much if you could give me some advice on how to improve my spoken English.
4．The mayor is confident that the war against __________(犯罪活动) will be won.
5．A new factory is situated in the __________(郊区), about a mile from the town.
6．About sixty seven percent of ________ (城市的) residents use the Internet.
7．Every two months she throws __________ (垃圾) like shoes and clothes into the dustbin.
8．As is known to all, an animal's sense of smell is still __________ (至关重要的) to its survival.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．She is an authority on __________ (crime) law.
2．As we all know, anyone who __________ (commit) a crime should be punished by law.
3．Access to the club is __________ (restrict) to members only.
4．It is necessary for us to show our __________ (appreciate) to the selfless and devoted medical workers.
5．There is no doubt that __________ is humans that destroy the habitats of the wild animals.
Ⅲ.选词填空
take place, figure out, fit in with, at speeds of, have no choice but, take over
1．As long as you ______________ the new surroundings, you'll learn something new.
2．This flight is now heading for Paris ____________ 1,000 kilometres an hour.
3．Great changes __________________ in China in the last few years.
4．It is raining now.We _________ to stay at home.
5．She has been appointed to __________ his work.
6．With the Chinese translation and vivid pictures, we could ______________ the word's meaning with ease.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．________________________ to achieve the dream, I will never give up.
不论实现这个梦想多么困难，我永远都不会放弃。
2．To be honest, _________________________________________________________.
坦白地说，是人类应该为全球变暖负责。
3．______________________________， children will become proud of themselves and more confident.
一旦被父母赏识，孩子们就会对自己感到骄傲并变得更自信。
4．__________________________________ the urban life.
一年之后，我父母才适应了城市生活。
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
It was reported that in a seaside suburb of Cape Town, the ①__________ (greed) chacma baboon stole a bag of shopping from a car.Once almost unheard of, scenes like this one are common all over the world.It is almost as if our cities ②____________________ (take) over by wild animals.
Many wild animals are moving into the cities.③__________ is assumed that urban development and climate change are responsible ④__________ this.But the fact is that some of these urban animals have never moved at all, so it's we humans ⑤__________ have moved into their territory, making them have no choice but ⑥__________ (move) in with us.Luckily, the urban animals can find ⑦__________ (appeal) places to live in and plenty of food to eat in the cities.However, to survive in the cities, they have to adapt to the new habitats and even change their living habits.There are also a lot of dangers in the cities.For example, a large number of ⑧__________ (bird) die from window impacts because of being unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass.
In a word, although the urban animals have tried to adapt to our ways of urban living, it is important that we humans ⑨______________ (get) a better understanding of and learn to appreciate them, so that we can ⑩______________ (harmonious) share our urban habitats with them.
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
There are almost 58,500 tree species in the world.But a new international study has warned that between a third and half of those are at risk of extinction in the wild — posing a risk of wider ecosystem collapse.The comprehensive report by Botanic Gardens Conservation International found that twice as many tree species are threatened as mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles combined.More than 440 tree species have fewer than 50 individuals left in natural environments.Worse, even abundant trees that survive in many cases are greatly reduced.In Brazil, deforestation (滥伐森林) in the Amazon has hit the highest annual level in a decade.
The key factor for tree loss is the destruction of habitat by farming, grazing (放牧) and logging.Global heating and its consequences, from extreme weather to rising sea levels, are increasingly damaging wild forests.Tropical island states are particularly affected, but the problems lie closer too.Just 30 Menai whitebeams remain in north Wales, the only place on earth where they are found.
Protecting such habitats must be the priority.One study suggests that global tree cover has actually increased over recent decades, but 420m hectares of forest were lost between 1990 and 2020.Despite how important those recent tree planting projects may be, new plantations (种植园) are by no means substitute for original, complex and biodiverse environments that have evolved over centuries.
Where forests have been erased, natural regeneration is often best.Failing that, planting a
variety of species is better than simply relying on a few fast growing kinds of saplings(树苗)．Considering human interests is important：including harvestable trees will encourage more actions to protect the land (and the Amazon of today was shaped by humans over centuries)．Only by working with communities can protection be sustainable.Preserving seeds in the hope that species can be brought back to life is necessary too.But it is a final resolve.A seed bank cannot replace the rich life of a forest.
1．According to the passage, which of the following factors does not lead to the loss of forests
A．Expanding cities.
B．Rising sea levels.
C．Keeping animals that eat grass.
D．Cutting down trees for their wood.
2．According to the passage, what is the best way to deal with tree loss
A．To set up seed banks.
B．To plant a variety of tree species.
C．To plant a few fast growing tree species.
D．To let the erased forests restore themselves.
3．What can be inferred from the passage
A．Nearly five hundred tree species have disappeared.
B．Global tree cover decreased between 1990 and 2020.
C．Planting fruit trees may encourage people to protect forests.
D．Man made plantations could totally replace the original natural forests.
4．What's the structure of the passage
A．Pro — Con. B．Problem — Solution.
C．Problem — Cause. D．Cause — Effect.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Joriden's love with migrating raptors (猛禽) started when he saw a group of strangers scanning the sky with telescope on top of a hill in his village.His __5__ drove him to find out what they were doing.To his joy, the strangers __6__ him to take a look.With just one quick look, Joriden was __7__.“The sight is very __8__，” said Joriden.“They take away my stress.I __9__ watching these mighty birds.”
Joriden used to hunt birds for fun or food.But the__10__ with the birdwatchers shifted his mind.Now, not only did he __11__ his fellow youths or even older folk to __12__ birds they've caught, but he also __13__ the community members to stop cutting trees in the mountains to __14__ the roosts(栖息地) of the migratory birds.
Raptors are__15__ indicators of the health of the environment.They sit on top of the food chain，thus their health depends on the health of the whole ecosystem they live in.Declines in their population can indicate a __16__ in the specific ecosystem that raptor species depend upon or visit.Raptors, which are natural predators (食肉动物), are also __17__ to human food security and livelihoods.If their population __18__， the population of harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase，__19__ agricultural productivity.
5.A.joy B．curiosity
C．experience D．confidence
6．A.reminded B．urged
C．allowed D．convinced
7．A.attracted B．controlled
C．rewarded D．accepted
8．A.regular B．strange
C．famous D．impressive
9．A.imagined B．avoided
C．enjoyed D．risked
10．A.encounter B．discussion
C．adventure D．training
11．A.wait for B．send for
C．rely on D．appeal to
12．A.sell B．raise
C．scare D．release
13．A.warned B．persuaded
C．forced D．expected
14．A.protect B．locate
C．clear D．hide
15．A.natural B．statistical
C．subjective D．faulty
16．A.probability B．problem
C．secret D．pattern
17．A.familiar B．accessible
C．obvious D．beneficial
18．A.doubles B．decreases
C．varies D．ages
19．A.boosting B．maintaining
C．affecting D．measuring
Ⅲ.语法填空
Zeb Hogan, a research biologist, has been documenting large freshwater fishes for almost two decades.His search for big fish, described __1__ the Megafishes Project, began in 2005 after learning fishermen in northern Thailand pulled a big catfish out of the Mekong River.And __2__ (weigh) 646 pounds, it interested Hogan.However, he couldn't find any scientifically documented freshwater fish larger than the one that had been the __3__ (inspire) for his search until last week, when his research team got a call from Moul Thun.__4__ fisherman said he'd accidentally caught a freshwater stingray “much bigger” than any __5__ (find) previously.
After arriving there, the team determined that Thun's fish was the same ray species known to occur in the Mekong.But they __6__ (shock) to see her weight：At 661 pounds, she set a new world record.
Hogan said the original aim of the Megafishes Project was to find, study, and protect the __7__ (large) freshwater fish in the world.The challenge, as he soon learned, was that many of these fish are hard to find — they live in remote, __8__ (accessible) places and are shrinking in number.As Hogan's work progressed, __9__ (it) focus increasingly turned to conservation.According to Hogan, __10__ finding the biggest fish is important, looking for ways to protect these extraordinary animals from extinction is more important.
UNIT 6 课时检测(二)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.greedy 2.estimated 3.appreciate 4.crime 5.suburb
6．urban 7.garbage 8.crucial
Ⅱ.1.criminal 2.commits 3.restricted 4.appreciation 5.it
Ⅲ.1.fit in with 2.at speeds of 3.have taken place
4．have no choice but 5.take over 6.figure out
Ⅳ.1.No matter how hard it is 2.it is human beings that/who should be responsible for global warming 3.Once appreciated by parents
4．Only after a year did my parents adapt to
Ⅴ.①greedy ②are being taken ③It ④for ⑤who/that ⑥to move ⑦appealing ⑧birds ⑨(should) get ⑩harmoniously
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。全世界三分之一到一半的树木物种有野外灭绝的风险，文章鼓励人们要采取多方面的措施来保护树木。
1．选A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句可知，A选项“扩张的城市”不会导致森林消失。
2．选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Where forests have been erased，natural regeneration is often best.”可知，处理树木损失的最佳方法是让被砍伐的森林自然再生。故选D项。
3．选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Considering human interests is important：including harvestable trees will encourage more actions to protect the land”可推断出，种植果树可以鼓励人们保护森林。
4．选B 篇章结构题。文章介绍了全世界三分之一到一半的树木物种有在野外灭绝的风险，并鼓励人们要采取多方面的措施来保护树木。所以短文的结构为“问题－解决方法”。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲的是Joriden保护猛禽的故事。
5．选B 他看到一群陌生人在他村子的山顶上用望远镜扫视天空，所以出于好奇心，他去了解他们在做什么。
6．选C 由后文的“With just one quick look”可知，那些陌生人允许他看一眼。
7．选A 由后文的“They take away my stress”可知，Joriden觉得鸟儿带走了他的压力，所以此处指他被这些猛禽吸引住了。
8．选D 由上文的“With just one quick look，Joriden was ________”可知，那一幕景象是令人印象深刻的。
9．选C 由上文的“They take away my stress”可知，他觉得那些猛禽带走了他的压力，所以喜欢看这些强大的鸟类。
10．选A 根据第一段的内容可知，他和观鸟者的邂逅改变了他的想法。
11．选D 由后文的“his fellow youths or even older folk to ________ birds they've caught”可知，他呼吁年轻人和老年人释放捕获的鸟类。
12．选D 由后文的“birds they've caught”可知，他在此处表示呼吁人们释放捕获的鸟类。
13．选B 由后文的“the community members to stop cutting trees in the mountains”可知，他是在说服社区成员停止砍伐山上的树木。
14．选A 由前面的“to stop cutting trees in the mountains”和后面的“the roosts (栖息地) of the migratory birds”可知，停止砍伐山上的树木是为了保护候鸟的栖息地。
15．选A 由后文的“indicators of the health of the environment”可知，猛禽是环境健康的天然指示器。
16．选B 由上文的“Declines in their population”可知，它们数量的下降可能表明肉食鸟物种依赖的某个生态系统出现了问题。
17．选D 由后文的“If their population ________， the population of harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase，________ agricultural productivity”可知，猛禽对人类的粮食安全和生计是有益的。
18．选B 由后文的“the population of harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase”可知，猛禽可以吃害虫，所以如果它们的数量减少，那么害虫的数量就会增加。
19．选C 由上文的“the population of harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase”可知，如果猛禽的数量减少，迁徙途中的害虫和动物的数量就会增加，影响农业生产力。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了湄公河渔民发现世界上最大的淡水鱼以及Zeb Hogan在寻找、研究和保护大型淡水鱼方面所作的努力。
1．as 考查介词。此处表示“作为，当作”，故填as。 describe sth.as sth.“把……称作……”。
2．weighing 考查非谓语动词。此处非谓语动词作状语，weigh “有……重” 与其逻辑主语it之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，故填weighing。
3．inspiration 考查名词。根据空前的the和空后的for可知，空处应用名词，故填 inspiration。inspiration“启发灵感的人(或事物)，使人产生动机的人(或事物)”。
4．The 考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示特指，这里说的渔民正是前面提到的Moul Thun，故填定冠词The。注意：空处位于句首，首字母应大写。
5．found 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，从句已有谓语，此处应用非谓语动词，find与被修饰词之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填found。
6．were shocked 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处陈述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；they 与shock之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填were shocked。
7．largest 考查形容词最高级。根据语境和空前的the可知，此处表示“世界上最大的”，应用形容词最高级，故填largest。
8．inaccessible 考查语境辨义。句意：他很快就发现，挑战在于很多这种鱼都很难被找到——它们生活在偏远、难以到达的地方，而且数量正在减少。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词作定语，且表示“难以到达的”，故填 inaccessible。
9．its 考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示工作的重点越来越转向对这些淡水鱼的保护。空处修饰名词focus，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
10．while/though/although 考查连词。句意：在Hogan看来，尽管找到最大的鱼很重要，但是寻找保护这些非凡动物免于灭绝的方法更为重要。根据语境可知，此处表示让步关系，故填引导让步状语从句的while/though/although。
