UNIT 8 LITERATURE 高考真题练（含解析）

高考真题练
阅读理解
A
(2022全国乙,B)
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted:The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff's granddaughter.
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden's book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed(牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism(坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top:“When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.To teach in a school.　　　B.To study American history.
C.To write a book.　　　D.To do sightseeing.
2.What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3
A.They enjoyed much respect.　　　
B.They had a room with a bathtub.
C.They lived with the local kids.　　　
D.They suffered severe hardships.
3.Which part of Wickenden's writing is hair-raising
A.The extreme climate of Auburn.　　　
B.The living conditions in Elkhead.
C.The railroad building in the Rockies.　　　
D.The natural beauty of the West.
4.What is the text
A.A news report.　　　B.A book review.
C.A children's story.　　　D.A diary entry.
高考词汇站
派生/合成词汇
1.wealth n.财富→　　　　adj.富有的
2.settle v.定居→　　　　n.定居点
3.expect v.预料,预期;期待→　　　　adj.意想不到的
4.schoolhouse n.　　　
5.granddaughter n.　　　
6.undertake v.　　　
7.hair-raising adj.　　　
8.railroad n.　　　
9.snowstorm n.　　　
10.storyteller n.　　　
熟词生义
11.expand v.　　　
12.concern v.　　　
B
(2024全国甲,D)
　　“I didn't like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn't have a traditionally positive outcome. Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them.
This was an ah-ha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn't guess, I'd pick up a mystery(悬疑). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier.
But writing the end—that's hard. It's hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn't seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what's right for the characters.
That's why this issue(期) of Writer's Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you're doing. If it's short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.
This issue won't tell you what your ending should be—that's up to you and the story you're telling—but it might provide what you need to get there.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.Why did the author go to Prof. Gracie
A.To discuss a novel.　　　B.To submit a book report.
C.To argue for a writer.　　　D.To ask for a reading list.
6.What did the author realize after seeing Prof. Gracie
A.Writing is a matter of personal preferences.
B.Readers are often carried away by characters.
C.Each type of literature has its unique ending.
D.A story which begins well will end well.
7.What is expected of a good ending
A.It satisfies readers' taste.　　　B.It fits with the story development.
C.It is usually positive.　　　D.It is open for imagination.
8.Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims
A.To give examples of great novelists.　　　
B.To stress the theme of this issue.
C.To encourage writing for the magazine.　　　
D.To recommend their new books.
高考词汇站
派生/合成词汇
1.dependent adj.依靠的→　　　　adj.独立的
2.patient adj.有耐心的→　　　　n.耐心
3.different adj.不同的→　　　　n.不同
4.predict v.预测→predictable adj.可预测的→　　　　adj.难以预测的
5.undergraduate n.　　　
6.heartbroken adj.　　　
7.outcome n.　　　
熟词生义
8.weight n.　　　
高考真题练
A
◎语篇解读　本文是一则书评。文章介绍了多萝西·威肯登的书籍并对其进行了评价。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中“...traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.(……前往落基山脉的一个定居点,在一个只有一间教室的校舍里教书。)”可知答案为A项。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中“had little privacy(几乎没有隐私)”“rare baths(很少洗澡)”“a blanket of snow on their quilt(被子上蒙着厚厚的一层雪)”可知,两人的生活条件恶劣。故答案为D项。
3.C　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的部分涉及铁路的修建,这需要经常在令人视线模糊的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。)”可知答案为C项。
4.B　推理判断题。文章第一段通过介绍主人公、主要事件的方法引出书籍的名称、作者;第二至四段介绍书中精彩内容;第五段是对作者及其写作手法的评价。从内容和结构的角度来看,本文是一则书评。故答案为B项。
【高考词汇站】　1.wealthy　2.settlement　3.unexpected
4.校舍　5.孙女,外孙女　6.从事,负责　7.令人毛骨悚然的　8.铁路　9.暴风雪　10.故事作者　11.细谈,详述　12.涉及
长难句
原句　A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.
分析　本句是主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句。形容词hair-raising作定语修饰section,the building of the railroads作主句的宾语,often in blinding snowstorms作从句的状语。
译文　令人毛骨悚然的部分涉及铁路的修建,这需要经常在令人视线模糊的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。
B
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者对小说故事结局的理解,并说明一个好的故事的结局不能凭空而来。
5.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中“‘I didn't like the ending,’ I said to my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.(‘我不喜欢这个结局。’我对我最喜欢的大学教授说。那是我大三的时候,我正在做一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究。我刚刚读完乔治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》,结尾令我很伤心。格雷西教授耐心地让我考虑一下,不要只看我喜不喜欢。)”可知,作者找到自己的大学教授去讨论关于一本小说的结局的感受。故选A项。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第二段“This was an ah-ha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn't guess, I'd pick up a mystery. One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier.”可知,教授的建议让作者豁然开朗,明白了不同的故事会有不同的结局,所以在自己读书的过程中会根据不同的阅读需求去选择阅读不同种类、不同题材的书籍。故选C项。
7.B　推理判断题。根据第三段“But writing the end—that's hard. It's hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn't seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what's right for the characters.”可知,写结尾是很难的。这对作家来说很难,因为结局对读者来说太重要了。你必须平衡创造一个不可预测的结局,但似乎不是凭空而来的,而应该是一个适合角色的结局。故选B项。
8.B　推理判断题。根据第四段内容“那就是为什么这一期的《作家文摘》旨在帮助你弄清楚如何为你正在做的任何一种写作写出最好的结局。如果是短篇故事,彼得·芒福德划分了6种技巧,你可以试试看哪一种能帮你找到写作灵感。伊丽莎白·西姆斯分析了5部伟大小说的最后几章,看它们包含了什么关键点,以及你如何将它们改编成你的作品”可知,通过这两位作家的行为,作者进一步强调对于作家来说如何设计一个好的故事结局。故选B项。
【高考词汇站】　1.independent　2.patience　3.difference　4.unpredictable　5.本科生　6.极为悲伤的　7.结果
8.影响力,重要性
长难句
原句　He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn't have a traditionally positive outcome.
分析　本句是主从复合句。I think...positive outcome是省略that 的宾语从句,作suggested的宾语;第一个that 引导的定语从句修饰第一个endings,第二个that引导的定语从句修饰第二个endings,第三个that引导的定语从句修饰第三个endings,而第三个endings是第二个endings的同位语;even if引导让步状语从句。
译文　他建议我思考我想要的角色结局和适合角色的结局之间的区别,适合角色的结局即满足故事的结局,即使它们并没有传统意义上的积极结果。