UNIT 8 LITERATURE单元精讲精练课件-北师大版选择性必修三

(共65张PPT)
fantasy novels幻想小说 (教材P28)
情景导学
I used to have fantasies about living in Paris as an artist.我曾幻想住在巴黎当艺术家。
用法归纳
①have fantasies　　 (doing) sth. 幻想(做)某事
②fantasy novel幻想小说
高频词汇精讲
高频词汇 情景破
词汇 1 fantasy n.幻想作品;幻想,想象;空想
about
词汇拓展
fantastic adj.绝妙的;极好的
There's always something fantastic about us, and what we need to do is learn to appreciate it.我
们身上总有一些美好的东西,我们需要做的就是学会欣赏它。 (2022天津)
You just need to fill in and submit a registration form for a library card.你只需要填写并提交一份图书馆借书证登记表。(教材P109)
情景导学
What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date 如果你在到期日一周后提
交文章会发生什么呢 (2022新高考Ⅰ)
Submit your application to www.lancasterdesign.org.向www.lancasterdesign.org网站提交你的
申请。(2021天津3月)
There was great prejudice against women then, but she refused to submit to the unjust treatment.
那个时候对女性有很大的偏见,但她拒绝屈服于这种不公平的对待。
词汇 2 submit vt.呈送,提交,呈递
用法归纳
①　　　　　　　　 提交申请
②submit 　　 ...向……屈服,顺从/不得已接受……
③　　　　　　　　 提交文章
submit an application
to
submit an essay
Sue told him about Johnsy’s longing to slip away like the leaves.苏告诉他约翰西想要像树叶一样逝去。 (教材P31)
情景导学
I haven't seen him for so many years that his name has completely slipped my memory.多年未见,
我竟把他的名字忘得一干二净。
He slipped in a few jokes to liven the speech up.他穿插了几个笑话来活跃演讲的气氛。
We have to be prepared all the time so that we won't let chances slip through our fingers.我们必
须一直做好准备,以便我们不会错过机会。
People may slip when the floor is wet, so make sure the floor is kept dry.当地板潮湿时人们可能
会滑倒,因此确保地板是干的。
You don't need to apologize for a minor slip.你不必为一个小差错道歉。 (2020新高考Ⅰ)
词汇 3 slip vi.(slipped,slipped)溜走,悄悄地走;滑倒n.差错;滑倒
用法归纳
①slip away消失;消亡;死去;(时间)逝去;溜走
②slip into/out of...迅速穿上/脱下……
③slip sth. in/slip　　 sth.插入(话语)
④let...slip through sb.'s fingers　　　　
⑤slip one's memory/mind被遗忘
词汇拓展
slippery adj.滑的;难以应对的
in
错过……
Between the woods and frozen lake在树林和冰湖之间 (教材P34)
情景导学
We began preparing the food, from mixing salad dressing to separating frozen meat.我们开始准
备食物,从配制沙拉酱到分割冻肉。 (2022浙江)
The young soldier was frozen to death in the snow, his hands still holding onto the gun.那位年轻
的士兵冻死在雪地里,手中还紧握着枪。 (读后续写·场景描写)
I was frozen with/in shock when I knew that some children were bullied by their classmates.当我
知道一些孩子被他们的同学欺负时,我惊呆了。
用法归纳
①be frozen　　　　 shock/fear/horror惊呆/吓呆
词汇 4 frozen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的;冷冻的,冷藏的
with/in
②be frozen to death　　
③frozen foods冷冻食品
④be frozen stiff冻僵
词汇拓展
①freeze v.(froze,frozen)(使)冻结,结冰;(使)冻住;(使)冻死
freeze to death冻死
Many people feared more people would starve or freeze to death as winter hit the remote
mountainous region.很多人担心随着冬季降临这个偏远的山区,会有更多的人饿死或冻死。
②freezing adj.& adv.极冷的(地)
freezing point冰点
冻死
I wandered lonely as a cloud...独行徐徐如浮云…… (教材P35)
情景导学
One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost.一天,在
她家附近开车时,她看到一只狗在路上徘徊,显然是迷路了。 (2022浙江)
We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in
Shanghai.我们会在传统的小镇里漫步,以(参观)上海的一个很好的博物馆来结束我们的旅
行。 (2020全国Ⅲ)
I like wandering around the park in autumn, observing the golden leaves falling.秋天,我喜欢在
公园里闲逛,看着金黄色的叶子落下。
On hearing the music, my mind wanders back to the days when we practiced this song for the
词汇 5 wander vi.& vt.徘徊,闲逛;漫步于
singing competition.一听到这段音乐,我的思绪就回到了我们为歌唱比赛练习这首歌的日
子。
The conversation wandered from one topic to another.谈话从一个话题到另一个话题。
用法归纳
①wander on/in/　　 ...在……闲逛/漫步
②(sb.'s　　 /thoughts/attention)wander(s) away/to/back to...(某人的思绪/思想/注意力)开小
差
③wander 　　 ...　　 思绪从……到……;从……闲逛到……
④wander away/off走失;离散
词汇拓展
wandering adj.漫游的;闲逛的;流浪的
around
mind
from
to
Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.一瞥之中万朵花,起舞翩跹头点啄。 (教材P35)
情景导学
At first glance, organic farming seems much more expensive for the farmers.乍一看,有机耕作对
农民来说似乎昂贵得多。
Running towards the school, I took a glance at my watch and found that I was already late for the
first class.朝学校跑去时,我匆匆看了一眼手表,发现我第一节课已经迟到了。 (读后续写·动
作描写)
With such an app, people can know at a glance which garbage can they should put the garbage in.
有了这样一个应用程序,人们看一眼就能知道应该把垃圾放入哪个垃圾桶。
词汇 6 glance n.一瞥,很快的一看 vi.一瞥,看一眼;浏览;粗略地看
Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office.维尼环顾四周,留意了他办公室的大小。
(2020天津)
用法归纳
①at　　 glance看一眼;立刻
②　　 first glance乍一看;乍看之下
③　　 /have/cast a glance at...匆匆看一眼……
④glance at/through粗略地看;浏览
⑤glance　　 环顾四周
a
at
take
around
glance 指匆匆地或粗略地看
stare 指吃惊、害怕或深思地盯着看。stare at盯着……看
glare 指用愤恨、凶狠的眼光看。glare at怒视……
gaze 指吃惊、感兴趣或若有所思地凝视。gaze at注视……
易混辨析
Don't stare at people like that; it's rude.不要那样盯着人看,很不礼貌。
After we refused his request, he glared at us.在我们拒绝了他的要求以后,他对我们怒目而视。
Sitting in the chair, he gazed reflectively at the fire.坐在椅子上,他若有所思地凝视着炉火。
(读后续写·场景描写)
The waves beside them danced...湖中碧水起涟漪…… (教材P35)
情景导学
He greeted them with a wave and a broad smile.他咧嘴笑着挥手和他们打招呼。 (读后续写·
神态、动作描写)
She felt a wave of panic, but forced herself to leave the room calmly.她感到一阵惊慌,但是强迫
自己镇静地离开了房间。
She had to say goodbye to the beach, where she loved to ride waves on her board.她不得不和海
滩说再见,在那里她喜欢用冲浪板冲浪。 (2023全国乙改编)
Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life and his writings rode a wave of
social, political and scientific progress.狄更斯的写作风格吸引了各行各业的读者,他的作品得
词汇 7 wave n.海浪,波涛;(行为、活动或感情的)一阵,风潮 vi.& vt.挥动,摆动;挥手
益于社会、政治和科学的进步。
Jenny waved goodbye to her remarkable friend at the airport.珍妮在机场向自己这位杰出的朋
友挥手告别。 (读后续写·动作描写)
用法归纳
①a wave　　 ...一阵……;……的风潮/浪潮
②　　 sb. with a wave挥手和某人打招呼
③ride a wave/　　 冲浪
④ride a/the wave of sth.　　　　　 ;乘某事物之势
⑤wave at/to sb.向某人挥手
⑥wave goodbye　　 sb./wave sb. goodbye向某人挥手告别
⑦wave off挥手送别
of
greet
waves
得益于某事物
to
词汇拓展
microwave n.微波;微波炉
“Help, help!” I shouted, swimming towards the boat in desperation.“救命啊,救命啊!”我大喊着,绝望地朝船游去。 (教材P36)
情景导学
In desperation, Mrs. Jones submitted to an operation on her right knee to relieve the pain.绝望中,
琼斯夫人不得已接受了一次右膝的手术以减轻疼痛。
My parents came to the US out of financial desperation.我的父母由于经济困窘来到了美国。
用法归纳
①　　 desperation在绝望中;绝望地
②out　　 desperation出于绝望
词汇 8 desperation n.绝望;拼命,不顾一切
in
of
词汇拓展
①desperate adj.绝望的;不顾一切的,拼命的;非常需要,极想,渴望
be desperate for sth.非常需要某物
be desperate to do sth.渴望做某事
He was desperate when he lost all his money.当他弄丢了他所有的钱时,他绝望了。
I want to know what they are going through and I am desperate to know what I can do for
them.我想知道他们正在经历什么,并且我渴望知道我能为他们做什么。
②desperately adv.绝望地;极度地
If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder, master would swim with much greater ease.如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀,主人会游得轻松很多。 (教材P36)
情景导学
When I stay with my parents,I feel completely at ease.当我和我的父母待在一起时,我觉得我完
全放松下来了。 (写作·亲子关系)
He is expected to win the game with ease.预计他在比赛中会轻易获胜。
You're capable of putting people at ease, but it seems that you are unconscious of this advantage.
你能够让别人觉得自在,但是你好像并没有意识到这一优点。
Resting your feet on a low object can also help ease the back pain when you sit down.你坐下来
的时候,把双脚放在一个低的物体上也能帮助减轻背部疼痛。
词汇 9 ease n.轻易,毫不费劲;舒适,自在v.减轻,缓解
用法归纳
①　　 ease轻而易举地
②　　 ease舒适;自由自在;无拘无束
③　　 /set sb. at ease让某人感到自在/舒适
④ease the tension/　　 /burden缓和紧张状况/缓解疼痛/减轻负担
词汇拓展
easy adj.容易的;舒适的
with
at
put
pain
At this moment a hard body struck me.就在这时,一个坚硬的东西撞了我一下。 (教材P37)
情景导学
A 7.8-magnitude earthquake struck the city of Nurdagi in southern Turkey on Feb. 6th.2月6日,土
耳其南部城市努尔达吉发生了7.8级地震。 (Global Times)
It struck me that I forgot to hand in my homework, which made me very anxious.我突然想起我
忘记交作业了,这让我很焦虑。
Students have to learn to strike a balance between study and entertainment.学生必须学会平衡学
习和娱乐。 (写作·学生生活)
I struck up a conversation with the girl sitting next to me, and very soon we became friends.我和
坐在我旁边的女孩交谈起来,很快我们就成了朋友。
词汇 10 strike v.(struck,struck)打,击,撞;突然发生不幸;让……觉得 n.罢工;打击
They struck a deal with their paper supplier, getting two years of newsprint on credit.他们同纸张
供应商达成协议,可赊购两年的新闻纸。
用法归纳
①　　 strikes/struck sb. that...某人突然想起……
②be struck by...被……打/撞;猛然想到……
③be struck by/with/on...被……打动;迷恋……
④strike　　 a friendship/relationship/conversation (with sb.)(和某人)建立友谊/建立关系/交
谈起来
⑤strike a 　　 between A and B 在A和B之间找到折中办法;平衡A和B
⑥strike a deal达成协议
⑦be/go on strike罢工
It
up
balance
情景助记
strike的不同词义:

词汇拓展
striking adj.引人注目的;显著的;俊秀的
There is a striking contrast between the standard of living in the north of the country and the
south.这个国家的北部和南部的生活水平有显著的差异。
We were aboard the machine now, and I shook with cold in the darkness.我们现在上了机器,我
在黑暗中冷得发抖。 (教材P40)
情景导学
The boat is ready to leave. All aboard!船要开了。请大家上船!
The three Chinese astronauts went aboard the Shenzhou-13 spaceship, and entered the China
Space Station on Oct. 16.三名中国航天员登上神舟十三号宇宙飞船,并于10月16日进入中国
空间站。 (China Daily)
用法归纳
①　　　　　 上(船、飞机或火车等)
②　　 aboard!请大家上火车(或船等)!
词汇 11 aboard prep.& adv.在(船,飞机,火车)上;上(船,飞机,火车)
go aboard
All
易混辨析
aboard 可作副词或介词,意为“在(船、飞机、火车
等)上;上(船、飞机、火车等)”
board 作动词时,意为“寄宿;上(火车、船、飞机
等)”;作名词时,意为“木板;董事会;膳食”,
常用搭配:on board 在船(或火车、飞机)上
abroad 副词,意为“在国外;到国外”,常用搭配:at
home and abroad在国内外
broad 常作形容词,意为“宽阔的,广阔的;广泛的;开阔的”
As soon as I was on board, I began to have second thoughts about leaving.我一上车就开始
改变想法,想走。
He was famous, both at home and abroad.他享誉国内外。
There is broad support for the government's policies.政府的政策得到了广泛的支持。
I did not completely believe the words I said, but I knew they would comfort Ned and Conseil.我没有完全相信自己说的话,但我知道这些话会安抚尼德和康塞尔。 (教材P40)
情景导学
Get out of your comfort zone and learn something new.走出舒适区,学点新东西。
This will enable the audience to sit in comfort while they are watching the shows.这会使观众看
演出时舒服地坐着。
When you feel too stressed to study, you can turn to teachers for help and draw comfort from
their words.当你感到压力太大无法学习时,你可以向老师寻求帮助,从他们的话中得到安慰。
(写作·建议信)
The children have been a great comfort to me through all of this.在我经历这一切的日子里,孩子
词汇 12 comfort vt.安慰,抚慰 n.舒适感,满足感;令人感到安慰的人(或事物)
们一直是我的一个巨大安慰。
用法归纳
①　　 comfort舒适地
②take/　　 comfort from...从……得到安慰
③a comfort　　 ...对……而言的一个安慰
④　　　　　 舒适区
词汇拓展
①comfortable adj.令人舒服的;感到舒服的;安逸的;轻松的;自在的
Once you feel more comfortable with your own anger, you can teach your children how to deal
with their anger.一旦你能更轻松地面对自己的愤怒,你就可以教你的孩子如何应对他们的愤
怒。
in
draw
to
comfort zone
②comfortably adv.舒服地;安逸地
③uncomfortable adj.感到不舒服的;令人不舒服的
The seats were so uncomfortable that only a very heavy sleeper could manage to get any rest.
座位太不舒服了,以至于只有睡得很沉的人才能设法获得休息。 (2021北京)
④discomfort n.不适;不安
He puts poison in the wine.他在酒里下毒。 (教材P44)
情景导学
I don't see why he enjoys swimming so much. Truly, one man's meat is another man's poison.我
不明白他为什么那么喜欢游泳。的确,人各有好恶。
New coffee-growing technologies are poisoning the local water source.新的咖啡种植技术正在
污染当地水源。
More and more facts show that the Internet is poisoning youngsters with filthy videos and vio-
lence.越来越多的事实表明,互联网正在用不雅视频和暴力毒害年轻人。 (写作·互联网的利
弊)
词汇 13 poison n.毒药,毒素,毒物 vt.毒害,毒杀;污染
用法归纳
①one man's　　 is another man's poison人各有好恶
②poison sb.　　 sth.用某物毒害某人
词汇拓展
①poisonous adj.有毒的;引起中毒的
The polluted air may become poisonous, so it is high time that we took action to protect the
environment.被污染的空气可能会引起中毒,所以我们该采取行动保护环境了。 (写作·环
境保护)
②poisoner n.投毒者;毒害者
meat
with
Even though I forgive you personally, for the sake of the honour of my family I cannot accept your apology.即使我个人原谅你,但为了我的家族的荣誉,我不能接受你的道歉。 (教材P44)
情景导学
Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.要原谅自己所犯的错误。 (2020全国Ⅰ)
Forgive and forget and you will live every moment in peace.不记仇,你就会每一刻都平静地生
活。
Looking at the crowds out shopping, you could be forgiven for thinking that everyone has plenty
of money.见到人们成群结队地外出购物,难怪你会以为人人都很富有。
用法归纳
①forgive sb./oneself　　 (doing) sth.原谅某人/自己(做)某事
词汇 14 forgive vi.& vt.(forgave,forgiven)原谅,宽恕,饶恕
for
②forgive sb. sth.原谅某人某事
③forgive and　　 不念旧恶;不记仇
④sb. could/might be　　 for doing sth.某人的做法虽错却是可以理解的
词汇拓展
①forgiving adj.宽容的;宽宏大量的
be forgiving of...对……宽容
Those who are able to view the world with tolerance are often forgiving of their own shortcom-
ings.那些能够宽容地看待世界的人,往往会原谅自己的缺点。
②forgiveness n.原谅;宽恕;宽宏大量
forget
forgiven
词汇 释义 用法&拓展
fiction n.小说;虚构的事 nonfiction n.非小说类纪实作品
blank adj.空白的;茫然的 n.(纸张上的)空白处,空格 go blank(脑子里)突然一片空白
blank face/look/expression/
eyes面无表情/茫然的眼神
disbelief n.不信,怀疑 in disbelief怀疑地,难以置信地
He shook his head in disbelief.他难以置信地摇了摇头。
高频词汇积累
sweep n.挥动;打扫 v.扫,打扫 sweep away消灭;彻底消除
clean v.& n.打扫
sink vi.& vt.(使)下沉,(使)沉没 sink into/in渗透;渗入
be sunk in sth.陷入不快(或沉思)中
grab v.攫取,抓住;赶紧 grab at/for(迅速伸手)抓住
grab a bite to eat赶紧吃点东西
unconscious adj.不省人事的,失去知觉的;
未察觉的 be unconscious of...未察觉……;未注意……
conscious adj.意识到,注意到;有知觉的
consciousness n.知觉,清醒状态;意识
construction n.建筑物;建造物;建造,建筑 under construction在施工中,在修建中
construct vt.建造,修建
construct sth. from/out of/of…用……建造/修建某物
take...for granted 视……为理所当然(而对其不
重视) We take having an endless
supply of clean water for
granted.我们想当然地认为纯
净水的供应无穷无尽而不予
重视。
The janitor found him lying in bed helplessly with pain yesterday morning.昨天早晨,看门人发现他痛苦且无助地躺在床上。(教材P31)
情景导学
I found a number of people lining up there.我发现很多人在那里排队。
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending
hours there.当我在2004年回到伦敦时,我发觉自己在南岸闲逛了几个小时。 (2021全国甲)
When I entered the village, I found myself surrounded by mountains.当我进入这个村庄以后,我
发现自己被群山包围。 (读后续写·环境描写)
We all find him a very sensible man.我们都发现他是个很理智的人。
After facing up to a fear, one may find life easier and much more enjoyable.敢于面对恐惧之后,
经典结构 情景破
结构 1 find+宾语+宾语补足语
一个人会发现生活更轻松、更令人愉快。 (2022天津)
If you find yourself in danger from a forest fire, first of all, stay calm.如果你发现自己处于森林
火灾的危险中,首先,保持冷静。
用法归纳
　　①在“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,宾语通常为　　 或代词,宾语补足语可由名词
(短语)、　　 、副词、介词短语、不定式(短语)、　　　　 　 或过去分词(短语)充当。
②在“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,宾语补足语是现在分词(短语)时,表示　　 或进行;
宾语补足语是过去分词(短语)时,表示　　 或完成。
特别提醒
若“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动形式,则原来的宾语变为主语,宾语补足语变为主
语补足语。
名词
形容词
现在分词(短语)
主动
被动
结构拓展
　　当不定式(短语)或从句作宾语时,为了保持句子结构平衡,通常用it作形式宾语,而将真正
的宾语放在宾语补足语后面,构成“find it+宾语补足语+to do/that...”。
He found it difficult to learn English well.他发现学好英语很难。
If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder, master would swim with much greater ease.如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀,主人会游得轻松很多。 (教材P36)
情景导学
He ran so fast as to catch the last bus.他跑得很快,赶上了那辆末班车。 (读后续写·动作描写)
The survey contained so many errors as to make it worthless.调查中太多的错误使之变得毫无
价值。
用法归纳
　　“so...as to do...结构”意为“　　　 　　 ”,此结构中,so修饰形容词
或　　 ,as后接不定式(短语)作结果状语。
结构 2 so...as to do...结构
如此……以至于……
副词
结构拓展
①“so as to do...结构”表示“为了,以便”,可以与in order to do...互换,但“so as to do...
结构”一般不能置于句首。不定式(短语)在句中作目的状语,否定形式常用not to do...。
We should learn a lesson from our mistakes so as to be a better person in the future.我们要从
错误中吸取教训,以便在将来成为更好的人。
②so...that...与so...as to do...意义相同,表示“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。
Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own veg-
etable gardens.一些学生变得对园艺如此感兴趣,以至于他们把种子带回家,开始打造自己的
菜园。 (2023新课标Ⅱ)
It seemed to me as if a cry answered him.我感觉似乎一声呼喊回应了他。 (教材P36)
情景导学
The scenery is so fantastic that it seems as if you were in a fairyland.这景色美得仿佛你置身于
仙境。 (读后续写·环境描写)
His drawing is so lifelike that it seems as if the horses are going to come out of the paper.他的画
栩栩如生,就好像马要从纸里出来一样。
While I read I sighed, for it seemed as if all joy had vanished from the world, never to be re-
stored.我一边看书,一边叹息着,因为好像所有的欢乐都从世界上消失了,永远不会再恢复
了。
结构 3 It seems/seemed as if...似乎/好像……
用法归纳
(1)在该句型中,as if在系动词seem后引导　　 从句。
(2)as if引导的从句的语气:
①当从句所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事情时,从句用陈述语气。
②当从句所述的是不真实的或不太可能发生或存在的事情时,从句用　　 语气:
a.表示与现在事实相反,从句谓语动词用　　　　　　　　 ;
b.表示与过去事实相反,从句谓语动词用“had+过去分词”;
c.表示与将来事实相反,从句谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。
结构拓展
　　①It seems/seemed that...意为“看来……”,that引导表语从句,强调根据一定的事实所得
出的一种接近实际情况的判断,可以转换成“名词或代词+seem+不定式”结构。
It seems that it is more difficult for women to get to the top of the company.看来女性更难提
表语
虚拟
过去式/一般过去时
升到公司的最高职位。
It seemed that the lane was extremely long for young children, not to mention a child with a
brain disease. = The lane seemed to be extremely long for young children, not to mention a child
with a brain disease.对于小孩子来说,这条跑道似乎太长了,更不用说对于一个患有脑部疾病
的孩子了。
特别提醒
在“名词或代词+seem+不定式”结构中,如果动词不定式为to be,且后跟形容词时,to be往往
省略。
It seems that she is very grounded and down-to-earth.= She seems very grounded and down-to-
earth.她看上去非常现实,注重实际。
②as though=as if意为“似乎,好像”,常引导方式状语从句和表语从句。
Then came the sound of a heavy door opening, and two seamen appeared.接着传来沉重的开门声,两个水手出现了。 (教材P40)
情景导学
Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.下雨了,伞都撑起来了。 (读后续写·场景描
写)
John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before.约翰打开门。站在那里的是
一个他以前从未见过的女孩。
After five wonderful songs, then came the interval.在(欣赏了)五首美妙的歌曲之后,接下来是
幕间休息。
用法归纳
　　完全倒装是指将句子中的整个谓语部分置于主语之前。构成完全倒装的条件:
结构 4 副词置于句首的完全倒装
①表示地点、方向和时间的副词　　 、here、in、out、down、up、away、　　 、now
等位于句首;
②句子的谓语动词是系动词be或　　 、go、　　 、lie等不及物动词;
③句子的主语是　　 。
特别提醒
①完全倒装结构的时态只限于一般现在时或一般过去时;
②谓语动词的单复数视主语的单复数而定;
③主语为代词时句子不使用完全倒装。
结构拓展
①there在引出完全倒装句时,除了接be来构成常见的there be句型外,还可以接appear、
exist、lie、remain、seem to be、stand等,一般译成“有”。
there
then
come
stand
名词
②“表语+系动词+主语”也是一种完全倒装的形式。
Gone are the days when work was just a stopgap between leaving school and getting married.
把工作当成毕业和结婚的过渡期的时代已经一去不复返了。
③分词短语置于句首时,要用完全倒装。
Lying on the floor was a boy aged about twelve.躺在地上的是一个十二岁左右的男孩。
④表示地点的介词短语置于句首时,要用完全倒装。
On the stage stood a dancer, practicing dancing carefully.一名舞蹈演员站在舞台上,认真地练
习跳舞。
Sentence 1
译文 格林威治村是艺术人士聚集的地方,他们在那里寻找窗户朝北(阴面)且租金低的公
寓。
长难句 图解
定语从句
后置定语
Sentence 2
译文　世界上有那么愚蠢的人认为他们会因为葡萄藤上的叶子掉落而死去吗
原因状语从句
Sentence 3
译文　伯曼和苏看着窗外的葡萄藤,注意到只剩下一片叶子了。
并列谓语
宾语从句
Sentence 4
译文　难道你不奇怪为什么当风吹起时它也纹丝不动吗
宾语从句
Sentence 5
译文 ……然后我觉得自己被拉了上来,被带到水面上,我的胸部塌陷了——我闭上了眼睛,
失去了知觉。
伴随状语
Sentence 6
译文　一切都是黑的,让我惊讶的是,即使过了几分钟,我的眼睛还是看不到哪怕是最小的形
状。
并列分句
Sentence 7
译文　我没有完全相信自己说的话,但我知道这些话会安抚尼德和康塞尔。
并列分句
动作动词和状态动词
英语中的动词就其词汇意义来说可分为动作动词(activity verbs)和状态动词(state verbs)。
一、动作动词和状态动词的形式
情景导学
We have a second-hand car.我们有一辆二手车。
I prefer walking to running.我喜欢散步多于跑步。
The girl is putting on a red coat.那个女孩正在穿一件红色外套。
My parents bought me a skateboard.我父母给我买了一个滑板。
用法归纳
　　动作动词强调主语在做的①　　 ,而状态动词强调主语所处的②　　 ,状态动词通
必备语法 情景破
动作
状态
常不用于进行时态。
二、动作动词和状态动词的分类
1.动作动词
情景导学
You can't run on a full stomach.饱餐之后不能跑步。
She plays tennis every Friday.她每周五都打网球。
He kicked the door hard.他用力踢门。
The snow melts in spring.雪到春天就融化了。
The sky grew dark and it began to rain.天渐渐黑了,开始下起雨来。
It's a relaxing car to drive long distance.这辆轿车跑长途,开起来很轻松。
She shouted at him to shut the gate.她大声喊他把大门关上。
用法归纳
　　常见的动作动词可分为三类:
表示③　　 动作的动词 drive、eat、fly、play、read、run、sit、
stand、sleep、talk、watch、work、write等
表示④　　 动作的动词 hit、jump、kick、knock、open、close、
shut、melt等
表示改变或移动的动词 become、come、get、go、grow、leave、
reach、turn等
持续性
短暂性
2.状态动词
情景导学
I'll certainly remember this trip! 我一定会记得这次旅行!
You don't sound very sure.听你这口气,你自己也不太确定。
I like to go running with my parents on weekends.周末我喜欢和父母一起去跑步。
We cannot exist without air, food, or water.没有空气、食物和水,我们就不能生存。
She was unwilling to admit she was wrong.她不愿承认自己有错。
It is said that some mushrooms contain a deadly poison.据说有些蘑菇含有致命的毒素。
用法归纳
　　常见的状态动词可分为四类:
表示思维活动的动词 admit、agree、understand、believe、want、
realise、think、remember、know、sup-
pose、imagine、mean等
表示⑤　　 的动词 enjoy、love、like、dislike、hate、hope、
care、adore等
⑥　　 动词 look、hear、feel、smell、sound、taste、see
等
表示拥有和存在的动词 have、be、exist、appear、belong、in-
clude、own、contain、possess等
情感
感官
特别提醒
感官动词后要使用形容词,而不用副词。
3.特殊的状态动词
情景导学
The house has five rooms.这套房子有五个房间。(此时have相当于possess,为状态动词)
She is having some tea.她正在喝茶。(此时have相当于drink,为动作动词)
I think it's a good job.我认为这是一份好工作。(此时think相当于believe,为状态动词)
What are you thinking about 你在想什么 (此时think相当于consider,为动作动词)
I feel I can't go through with it.我觉得我做不下去这件事了。(此时feel相当于believe,为状态
动词)
How are you feeling 你感觉怎么样 (此时feel相当于experience,为动作动词)
用法归纳
　　有些状态动词也可以表示⑦　　 ,如have、think、feel等,在某些语境下,这些动词可以
用于进行时态。
动作
即时巩固
用方框中所给动词的一般现在时或进行时填空
believe; think; prefer; have
1.(2022天津)Whenever I 　　　　 of her story and my former dislike of my color, I'm practi-
cally filled with shame.
2.(2022天津)Now that you　　　　 the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it
3.Many local people　　　 　 the development will profit them.
4.She　　　 　 tea when the doorbell rang.
5.She　　 　　 about her exam at the moment.
6.Nowadays most kids　　　　 watching TV to reading.
think
have
believe/think
was having
is thinking
prefer