UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS单元精讲精练课件-北师大版选择性必修一

(共77张PPT)
高频词汇精讲
高频词汇 情景破
has the same sense of humour with me和我有同样的幽默感 (教材P6)
情景导学
Our English teacher has a sense of humour.我们的英语老师很有幽默感。 写作·人物介绍
After they won the competition, they were in a good humour.他们赢得比赛后心情很好。
Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.使用表情符号可以增加幽默和
感情,保持意图明确。(2020全国Ⅱ)
词汇1 humour n.幽默感;心情
用法归纳
①a sense 　　 humour幽默感
②in a(n) 　　 /ill humour=in a good/bad mood心情好/坏
特别提醒
humour是英式英语写法,humor是美式英语写法。
词汇拓展
①humorous adj.幽默的,诙谐的
humorous stories诙谐的故事
②humourless adj.缺乏幽默感的,一本正经的
of
good
I'm extremely grateful to him.我特别感谢他。 (教材P106)
情景导学
She was grateful for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.她非常感谢
医疗和护理团队为她所做的一切。 (2021全国乙)
I'm grateful that you have rescued me from the difficult situation.我很感激你把我从困境中解
救了出来。
He started to feel grateful to that man for offering him something so sweet.他开始感激那个人给
了他这么甜的东西。 读后续写·心理描写
I would be grateful if you could give me the chance.如果你能给我这个机会,我将不胜感激。
写作·申请信
词汇2 grateful adj.感激的,感谢的
用法归纳
①be/feel grateful 　　 sb. 　　 sth.因某事而感激某人
②be grateful 　　 sth.感谢某事
③be grateful+　　 从句　感谢……
④　　　　　　　　　　 if you could/would do...如果你能做……我将感激不尽。
词汇拓展
①gratitude n.感激之情;感谢
express one's gratitude to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人表示感谢
I want to express my gratitude to you for your help.我想因你的帮助向你表示感谢。
②gratefully adv.感激地
“Thank you so much,” he said gratefully. “非常感谢你。”他感激地说。读后续写·语言描写
to
for
for
that
I would be grateful
But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class, I really became interested in a subject for the
first time.但当我15岁走进詹金斯先生的课堂时,我第一次对一门学科真正感兴趣。 (教材P
8)
情景导学
For the first time in my life, I actually felt cool.我平生第一次真的觉得很酷。 (2020天津)
For the first time in weeks I felt something like happiness in my heart.几周来,我第一次感觉到
内心的快乐。 读后续写·心理描写
词汇3 for the first time初次,第一次
用法归纳
for the first time表示“初次,第一次”,是介词短语,一般在句中作　　 。
词汇拓展
the first time意为“第一次”,是名词短语,用法如下:
①可引导时间状语从句。
I fell in love with the library the first time I saw it.第一次看到这个图书馆时,我就喜欢上了
它。
②可用于This/That/It is/was the first time that...句型中,that从句多用完成时态。主句为一般现
在时,that从句用现在完成时;主句为一般过去时,that从句用过去完成时。
This is the first time that they've ever come to England.这是他们第一次来英国。
It was the first time that I had touched a wild animal.这是我第一次触摸野生动物。
③还可接that或when引导的定语从句,that、when可省略。
状语
He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple
language.他过去常常用大量的实例和简单的语言来解释看似困难的事情。 (教材P8)
情景导学
He also offered me some practical suggestions on how to handle my relationship and career.他还
给我提供了一些关于如何处理我的关系和事业的有用的建议。
Plans for a future lunar base are practical.未来月球基地的计划是切实可行的。(2020全国Ⅰ)
Be practical! We can't afford the car.实际点吧!我们买不起那辆汽车。
I am planning to take a part-time job to get some practical experience.我打算做一份兼职工作来
获得一些实践经验。 写作·申请信
词汇4 practical adj.有用的;切实可行的;实际的;实践的
词汇拓展
①practice n.实践,实际行动;通常的做法;习惯,习俗;训练
in practice实际上;事实上
put...into practice将……付诸实践
be/get out of practice生疏;荒疏;疏于练习
The following weekend,we put our plan into practice.接下来的周末,我们把我们的计划付诸
实践。
②practise(=practice) v.练习;实习;训练
practise/practice doing sth.练习做某事
Today we practice reading the article.今天我们练习读文章。
③practically adv.实际地;实事求是地;几乎
I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket...我记得他让我把一些燃料倒入火箭
中…… (教材P8)
情景导学
The students poured into the hall for the meeting.学生们涌进大厅开会。
The rain poured down continuously, with waist-high flood soon on the road.雨不停地倾下,齐腰
高的洪水很快涌上道路。 读后续写·环境描写
He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs.他把瓶子里的水倒进他手
里,递给我的狗。 (2022全国甲)
He poured out his feelings to his teacher.他向老师倾诉了自己的感受。
词汇5 pour v.灌,注,倒;下大雨;不断涌向;涌流
用法归纳
①pour sth. 　　 sth.把……倒入/投入……
②pour sb. sth.给某人倒某物
③pour　　 ...涌进……
④pour 　　 (雨)倾盆而下
⑤pour out sth. to sb.(尤指因非常不开心而)向某人倾诉……
into
into
down

情景助记
I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket...我记得他让我把一些燃料倒入火箭
中…… (教材P8)
情景导学
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it.生产
没人吃的食物会浪费用来种植它的水、燃料和其他资源。 (2022新高考Ⅰ)
His words simply added fuel to the fire/flames of his friend's anger.他的话只是给他朋友的愤
怒火上浇油。
It's amazing that some planes can be fuelled up in mid-air.有些飞机能在半空中加油,这真令人
吃惊。
The crowd was growing wild with excitement, fuelling our confidence.人群兴奋得越来越疯狂,
词汇6 fuel n.燃料;刺激性言行 v.给(交通工具)加油;给……提供燃料;增加;加强;刺激
加强我们的信心。 读后续写·心理描写
用法归纳
名　①add fuel　　 the fire/flames火上浇油
②fuel shortage/supply燃料短缺/供应
动　③fuel 　　 给……加油
④fuel one's confidence加强某人的信心
情景助记

to
up
The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.问题是我对自己缺乏信心。 (教材P8)
情景导学
He was no longer that boy who lacked self-confidence.他不再是那个缺乏自信的男孩了。 写
作·人物介绍
Jim's parents made sure that he lacked for nothing.吉姆的父母确保他应有尽有。
There was no lack of willing helpers.不缺少自愿帮忙的人。
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treat-
ment.后来,他在非洲工作,那里许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。 (2020江苏)
词汇7 lack vt.缺乏 n.缺乏,短缺
用法归纳
动　①lack sth.缺乏某物
②lack (for) nothing应有尽有
名　③a/　　 lack of...缺乏/不缺乏……
④　　 /through lack of...因缺乏……
词汇拓展
lacking adj.缺乏的
be lacking in...缺乏(某种品质或技能)
The book is completely lacking in originality.这本书完全没有创意。
no
for
lack 缺乏,不足。普通用词,指完全没有或不够充足,多用于指缺少信心、毅力或客观条件
shortage 缺少,短缺。指供小于求,即达不到需要或规定的数量
absence 缺乏;缺席。指某物根本不存在或完全短缺,也指某人未到现场
易混辨析
I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a presentation to the
class.我对研究恒星和行星感兴趣,他让我给全班做一个介绍。 (教材P8)
情景导学
The presentation of prizes will begin at two o'clock.将在两点开始颁奖。
The teacher asked us to make a presentation about the topic.老师让我们做有关这个话题的报
告。
I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste.我在学校举办讲座,教孩子们有
关塑料垃圾的知识。 (2021新高考Ⅱ)
词汇8 presentation n.报告;陈述,说明;讲座;颁发;演出;表演
用法归纳
①hold/make/give a presentation 　　 ...做关于……的报告
②the/a presentation 　　 sth.关于……的表演/演出/颁发
词汇拓展
①present vt.(尤指在正式场合)颁发,授予;赠送;提交
present sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb.给某人颁发某物;把某物颁发给某人
The headmaster presented the winner with the award.校长给获胜者颁奖。
②present adj.现在的,目前的;出席的,在场的
be present at到场,出席
the present situation当前的形势
③present n.现在;礼物
at present目前,现在
for the present暂时
of
about
The first day he walked into my class, he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking
bored...第一天他走进我的课堂,身后拖着书包,看上去很无聊…… (教材P9)
情景导学
The last minutes of the match really dragged by.比赛的最后几分钟过得真慢。
It's no use dragging them into our argument.硬让他们卷入我们的争论无济于事。
I have to drag the truth out of him.我不得不强迫他说出事实。
Soon, I found a ball, dragged David to the park and threw it at him.很快,我找到了一个球,把戴
维拖到公园里,扔向他。 读后续写·动作描写
词汇9 drag v.拖,拉;过得很慢;生拉硬拽
用法归纳
①drag　　 (时间)过得很慢;拖沓地进行
②drag sb./sth. 　　 sth.把毫不相干的事插入谈论;毫无必要地扯到;硬让毫无关系的人卷入
③drag sth. 　　　　 sb.强迫某人说出;套某人的话
④drag sb./sth. 　　 ...拖动某人/某物到……
词汇拓展
draggy adj.沉闷的
pull 指用手把某物或某人拉向身边或沿着某个方向拉过去
drag 指某物因太沉而只能在地面拖着走,也指硬拽某人到其并不想去的地方
draw 指不需费力地轻拉
易混辨析
by
into
out of
to
The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's minds when they are open
and eager to learn.作为老师,你可以在孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习时走进他们的心灵。 (教
材P9)
情景导学
The lift provides access to the upper floors.这部电梯通到上面的楼层。
Students must have access to good resources.学生必须有机会使用好的资源。
Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.散步是接近大自然的最佳方式。 (2023新课
标Ⅱ)
A lot of people already have a device which can access the Internet.很多人已经有了可以上网的
设备。
词汇10 access n.进入;接触的机会;通道,通路 v.到达;进入,使用;访问,存取(计算机文件)
用法归纳
名　①access 　　 ...去……的通路/通道
②have/gain access 　　 ...拥有/获得使用/进入……的机会/权利
动　③access the Internet访问因特网
词汇拓展
accessible adj.可到达的;可进入的;可见到的;易于理解的
be accessible to...对……来说是易于理解的/可见到的
Now art is more accessible to us than ever before.现在,我们比以往任何时候都更容易获得艺
术。
to
to
If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I
know what I'm doing is worthwhile.如果我作为老师所做的工作能够帮助将一个像格雷厄姆
这样的孩子变成一个如此成功的成年人,那么我知道我所做的工作是值得的。 (教材P9)
情景导学
We decided to spend the money on a worthwhile cause.我们决定将钱花在有益的事业上。
It is worthwhile continuing with the project.继续执行此方案是值得的。
Seeing their happy faces, I thought it was worthwhile to join Peter's group.看到他们快乐的面
孔,我觉得加入彼得的小组是值得的。 读后续写·心理描写
词汇11 worthwhile adj.值得做的;重要的;有益的
用法归纳
①It is worthwhile 　 　　　　 sth.做某事是值得的。
②a worthwhile cause/job有益的/重要的事业/工作
易混辨析
worth “值……钱,值得……的”,具有介词性质的表语形容词,其后应接名词、代词(宾格)、数词或动名词的主动形式。常构成be(well)worth sth./doing
worthwhile “值得的,值得做的;值得花时间/金钱/精力的”,可作表语、定语或宾补,后接动词不定式和动名词均可。作表语时,句首常用It作形式主语,构成It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.
worthy 作定语时表示“值得尊敬的;值得敬仰的”,主要用于修饰人或事业、生活等抽象名词;作表语时意为“值得……的;应得……的”,常构成be worthy of sth.;be worthy of being done/to be done
doing/to do
to depend on personal preference 取决于个人的偏好 (教材P12)
情景导学
The interviewers gave preference to the graduates of this university.面试官优先考虑这所大学的
毕业生。
Job preference has changed with economic development.工作偏好随着经济发展而变化。
(China Daily)
I have a preference for serious novels to popular fiction.比起通俗小说我更喜欢读严肃小说。
She chose to learn the violin in preference to the piano.她选择学小提琴而不学钢琴。
词汇12 preference n.偏爱,偏好
用法归纳
①have/show a preference 　　 ...偏爱/更喜欢……
②job/personal preference工作/个人偏好
③give (a) preference 　　 sb./sth.给……以优惠;优待
④in preference to而不是
词汇拓展
prefer v.较喜欢;喜欢……多于……
prefer to do/doing sth.更喜欢做某事
prefer A to B比起B更喜欢A
prefer sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事
prefer doing A to doing B=prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做A也不愿做B
for
to
I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better.比起那条绿色的连衣裙,我更喜
欢那条红色的,因为它更适合我。
I prefer you to start early.我希望你早点出发。
I prefer to read books rather than watch TV in my spare time.在空闲时间,我宁愿读书也不愿
看电视。
But I do understand my teacher's intention.但我确实理解我的老师的意图。(教材P106)
情景导学
I always brought food to feed him but had no intention of adopting him.我经常带食物来喂它,但
我没打算收养它。 读后续写·动作描写
Our Chinese teacher has announced his intention to retire.我们语文老师已经宣布他打算退休。
Our school organized the activity with the intention of improving our awareness of environmental
protection.我们学校组织了这次活动,目的是提高我们的环保意识。 写作·环保意识
词汇13 intention n.意图,目的;打算
用法归纳
①have no/every intention 　　 doing sth.不打算做某事/一心想做某事
②(the)intention 　　 sth.做某事的打算/意图
③　　 the intention of doing sth.打算/目的是做某事
词汇拓展
①intend v.想要,打算,计划
intend to do sth.打算做某事
intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事
intend+that从句　打算……
②intended adj.打算的;计划的;为……打算(或设计)的
be intended for.../as.../to be.../to do...为……打算的/设计的;旨在……
of
to do
with
Some of her art is intended to shock the viewers.她的一些艺术作品旨在震惊观赏者。
③intentional adj.故意的;有意的;存心的
It wasn't intentional. I was just working late.我不是故意的,我只是工作到很晚。
④intentionally adv.故意地;有意地;存心地
It also gives us an opportunity to raise further questions about anything we don't understand.这
也让我们有机会就任何我们不理解的事情提出更多的问题。 (教材P106)
情景导学
By about 6000 BC, people had discovered the best crops to grow and animals to raise.到大约公
元前6000年,人们已经发现了最好的可以种植的作物和可以饲养的动物。(2020浙江)
They hold this event with the intention of raising money for the students with cancer.他们举办这
次活动的目的是为患癌症的学生募捐。 写作·公益活动
词汇14 raise vt.提出,提起
用法归纳
①raise除了表示“提出;提起”外,还可以表示“抚养,　　 ;培育;　　 ,征集;提高”。
②raise sb.'s spirits使振奋;使鼓起勇气
③　　 　　　 集资,筹资,筹钱
易混辨析
raise “提起,提高”,及物动词,主语通常为人、机构等,说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的,既指抬起或举起具体事物,也指提高数量、水平、价格和质量等,常包含人为因素
rise “升高,上升”,不及物动词,主语通常为事物,说明主语自身移向较高的位置,既指水
位、地势等升高,也指数量增加、价格和地位等提高,通常不包含人为因素
饲养
筹募
raise money
…if we need to give negative feedback, we should do it in a less direct manner, especially to those
who are shy or sensitive.……如果我们需要给出负面反馈,我们应该以不那么直接的方式,尤
其是对那些害羞或敏感的人。(教材P107)
情景导学
I plan to make it in an admirable manner.我打算以一种令人钦佩的方式去做。 (2020天津)
This seems a rather odd manner of deciding things.这似乎是一种十分古怪的决定事情的方
式。
It is bad manners to talk loudly.大声说话是不礼貌的。
If invited to a meal, be especially careful about your table manners.如果被邀请吃饭, 要特别注
意餐桌礼仪。 写作·餐桌礼仪
词汇15 manner n.方式,方法,举止;[pl.]礼貌
用法归纳
①　　 a(n)/the/this...manner用一种/这种……的方式
②a manner 　　 (doing) sth.做某事的方法
③It's good/bad manners 　　 sth.做某事是有礼貌的/没礼貌的。
④table manners餐桌礼仪
⑤mind one's manner注意自己的举止
词汇拓展
mannered adj.态度……的;举止……的
well-mannered/ill-mannered/mild-mannered有礼貌的/不礼貌的/随和的
in
of
to do
My friends try to drag me away from my phone, but as soon as I'm alone again, I'm desperate to
get back to the online world and the intense activity that it provides.我的朋友试图将我拖离手
机,但我一再次独处,就极想回到网络世界和它提供的激烈的活动中去。 (教材P15)
情景导学
The young man was desperate for a job.这个年轻人非常想要一份工作。
Jack was desperate to tell someone else his good news.杰克非常想把他的好消息告诉别人。
With desperate tears, she suddenly spotted a boat with a figure walking on it.她流着绝望的眼泪,
突然看到一艘船,船上有一个人影在上面行走。 读后续写·神态描写
词汇16 desperate adj.拼命的;绝望的;非常需要
用法归纳
①be desperate 　　 sth.非常需要某物,极其需要某物
②be desperate 　 　 sth.非常想做某事
词汇拓展
①desperately adv.拼命地;绝望地
No sooner had they arrived home than they desperately asked Grandpa where the bird was.他
们一回到家,就拼命地问爷爷那只鸟在哪里。
②desperation n.绝望;拼命;铤而走险
in desperation绝望中;在走投无路的情况下
In desperation, they jumped out of the window to escape the fire.绝望之际,他们从窗户跳了出
去,以逃脱火灾。 读后续写·动作描写
for
to do
I constantly feel depressed, dissatisfied and alone.我经常感到沮丧、不满和孤独。 (教材P15)
情景导学
She felt very depressed about the future.她感到前途无望。
She told me that she hadn't talked to anyone for three days, depressed.她告诉我,她三天没跟任
何人说话,很沮丧。读后续写·心理描写
词汇17 depressed adj.沮丧的,忧愁的
用法归纳
feel/be depressed 　 　 sth.对……感到沮丧
词汇拓展
①depressing adj.令人沮丧的
It's depressing that nobody seems to care.令人沮丧的是,似乎没有人在乎。
②depress v.使沮丧,使消沉
His bad news depressed me all day.他的坏消息使我沮丧了一整天。
③depression n.沮丧,抑郁;抑郁症;(经济)萧条期
fall into a depression变得意志消沉
He fell into a depression which lasted for many months.他陷入了持续好几个月的抑郁状
态。
about
Since I spend so much time socialising online,I keep delaying things that are important in my real
life...因为我花太多时间在网上社交,所以我一直在拖延现实生活中重要的事情…… (教材
P15)
情景导学
We must delay conducting our experiment until the weather improves.我们必须推迟做实验,直
到天气好转。
Several projects have been delayed by poor organisation.几个项目都因组织不力而被推迟。
Then, without delay, he returned to save my sister.然后,他立刻就回来救了我妹妹。
词汇18 delay vi.& vt.推迟,延期 n.延误,耽搁;延迟(或耽搁)的时间
用法归纳
动　①delay 　　 sth.推迟做某事
②be delayed by 因……而延期
名　③　　 delay立即;毫不耽误
doing
without
On a family holiday last summer, my sister spent all her time complaining that she needed to
charge her phone.在去年夏天的一次家庭度假中,我姐姐花了她所有的时间抱怨她需要给手
机充电。 (教材P15)
情景导学
My son complained to me about/of the food.我儿子向我抱怨这种食物。
As we complained in front of a local's home, a black SUV pulled up.当我们在当地人屋前抱怨
时,一辆黑色的SUV停了下来。 读后续写·动作描写
词汇19 complain vi.& vt.抱怨;不满;发牢骚
用法归纳
①complain 　　 sb. 　　　　　 sth.向某人抱怨某事
②complain (to sb.) that...(向某人)抱怨/投诉……
词汇拓展
complaint n.抱怨,埋怨;投诉
a/the complaint about/against...对……的抱怨
make a complaint提出投诉
have a complaint有不满意见
Funny complaints can wear people out.滑稽的抱怨会让人厌烦。 (2020江苏)
I'd like to make a complaint about pollution.我要就污染问题提出投诉。
to
about/of
...think of all the important appointments, invitations and news updates you would miss!……想
想你会错过的所有重要约会、邀请和最新新闻报道!(教材P15)
情景导学
You must make an appointment to see the doctor.你必须约个时间看医生。
I have an appointment with our headmaster tomorrow.我明天和我们的校长有个约会。
For the third time, she failed to keep an appointment.她第三次没有守约了。
His appointment as head of sales has caused a heated debate.他获任销售主管的职位引起了激
烈的争论。
词汇20 appointment n.约定;约会;预约;任命,委任
用法归纳
①make/have an appointment 　　 sb.与某人有约
②make an appointment 　　 sth.约个时间做某事
③　　 /break an appointment守约/失约
④one's appointment 　　 ...某人获任……的职位;某人担任……的任命
⑤by appointment预约
词汇拓展
①appoint vt.委派,任命;约定,确定(时间、地点)
appoint sb. (as)...任命某人为……
appoint sb. to do sth./to sth.委派某人做某事/去某机构任职
appoint a time/date/place for...为……确定时间/日期/地点
with
to do
keep
as
They have appointed a new head teacher at our school.我们的学校任命了一位新校长。
②appointed adj.指定的;事先约定好的
What type of information will you include in your invitation email 你会把什么类型的信息包含
在邀请邮件内 (教材P18)
情景导学
I hope you'll accept my invitation,and your timely reply would be highly appreciated.我希望你
能接受我的邀请,并将非常感激你的及时回复。 写作·邀请信
The very next day, Vinnie received an invitation from the President.就在第二天,维妮收到了总
统的邀请。 (2020天津)
She wanted to issue an invitation to Bob, inviting him to attend the party.她想给鲍勃发出邀请,
请他参加聚会。
I have an open invitation to visit my friend in Beijing.我收到一个公开的邀请,去北京看我的朋友。
词汇21 invitation n.邀请
用法归纳
①　　 /extend an invitation发出/致送邀请
②　　 /have an invitation收到邀请
③　　 /turn down/decline sb.'s invitation接受/拒绝/婉拒某人的邀请
④an invitation to.../　　 sth.参加……/做某事的邀请
词汇拓展
①invite vt.邀请
invite sb. to do sth./to...邀请某人做某事/参加……
The resulting blank space invites you to revise.所生成的空白空间邀请你进行修改。 (2022
新高考Ⅱ)
②inviting adj.吸引人的;诱人的
The water looks really inviting.水面看上去真诱人。
issue
receive
accept
to do
Competitors should be judged on their pronunciation, clarity and fluency, and also progression of
ideas and audience engagement.应该根据参赛者的发音、清晰度和流利度,还有想法的进展和
观众的参与度去评判他们。 (教材P18)
情景导学
After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field...在唱了几首歌之后,参赛
者们在绿地上跳舞……
The bank isn't performing as well as some of its competitors.这家银行表现得不如几家竞争对
手出色。
词汇拓展
①compete vi.竞争;对抗;参加比赛(或竞赛)
词汇22 competitor n.选手,参赛者;竞争对手
compete for...为……而竞争
compete with/against...与……竞争
compete in...在……方面竞争;参加……比赛
I like dancing and I began to compete in dance competitions when I was five.我喜欢跳舞,我五
岁时就开始参加舞蹈比赛。
②competition n.竞争;角逐;比赛
fair competition公平竞争
③competitive adj.竞争的
词汇 释义 用法&拓展
occasionally adv.偶尔,偶然 occasion n.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典);适当的机会;某次on occasion(s)偶尔,有时on no occasion决不(位于句首时,句子用部分倒装)occasional adj.偶尔的,偶然的
handle vt.应付(局面),处理(难题)n.(门的)把手,拉手 Most customers were satisfied with the way their complaints were handled.大多数顾客对他们的投诉被处理的方式感到满意。
He turned the handle and went in.他转动了一下把手,走了进去。
高频词汇积累
upset adj.心烦意乱的;烦恼的v.使生气,使心烦意乱;打乱;打翻 be upset about/by/at sth.为某事而苦恼
be upset that...对……苦恼
upset sb./oneself使某人/自己感到不安
associate with 与某人交往 I could never bring myself to associate with such a woman.
我从来不敢与这样的女人交往。
behalf n.代表 on behalf of sb.=on sb.'s be-half 代表某人
in behalf of sb.=in sb.'s behalf 为帮助某人
take up 占用(时间),占据(空间);学着做;开始从事;继续;接受 take up my suggestion接受我的建议　　　　　　　
take up much time占用太多时间
take up Japanese as a second foreign language
把日语作为第二外语学习
belong to 是……的成员;属于 The students feel that they be-long to a particular group.学
生们觉得他们属于一个特定的群体。
approval n.赞许;同意 approve v.赞成;同意;认可;通过,批准
approve of...赞成……,同意……
approve of sb./sb.'s doing sth.同意/赞成某人做某事
But I do understand my teacher's intention.不过我确实明白我的老师的意图。 (教材P106)
情景导学
I do know how upset the shop staff can get...我确实知道店员会有多难过…… (2020全国Ⅲ)
He does like music.他确实喜欢音乐。
My teacher did help me a lot when I failed the exam.在我考试不及格的时候,我的老师确实帮
了我很多。
经典结构 情景破
结构1 do/does/did强调谓语
用法归纳
　　强调谓语动词时要用do、does、did,意为“确实,真的”,且只能用于一般现在时和一般
过去时的肯定句中。
①一般过去时强调谓语动词时,用“　　 +动词原形”。
②一般现在时强调谓语动词时,用“　　 +动词原形”,如果主语是第三人称单数,则用
“　　 +动词原形”。
结构拓展
强调句的基本句型:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分。
被强调的部分可以是宾语、主语、状语,一般不能用来强调谓语、表语、补足语等。当被强
调的部分指人时,引导词既可用that,也可用who。强调句中的时态要依据原句的时态而定,即
原句为过去的某种时态时,强调句中的be就用was;原句为现在的某种时态时,强调句中的be就
用is。
did
do
does
It was Tom that/who told me the exciting news yesterday.昨天是汤姆告诉了我这个令人兴奋
的消息。(强调主语)
Sometimes I think, if only I could call him and ask for his opinion!有时我想,如果我能给他打电
话征求他的意见就好了!(教材P8)
情景导学
If only I had another chance (now).要是(现在)我还有机会就好了。(与现在情况相反)
If only I had gone by taxi.要是我坐出租车去就好了。(与过去情况相反)
“If only I could get that good feeling back,” she thought, sighing.“要是我能找回那种好心情
就好了,”她叹口气想。(与将来情况相反) 读后续写·心理描写
结构2 if only句型中的虚拟语气
用法归纳
if only表示“要是……就好了”,该句式中谓语动词用虚拟语气,有以下三种形式:
①用　　　　　 表示与过去事实相反的愿望。
②用　　 (be通常用were)表示与现在事实相反的愿望。
③用　 　　　　　　 表示与将来事实相反的愿望(一般不用should)。
结构拓展
①wish后接宾语从句时常用虚拟语气表示一种愿望或假想,其谓语动词的用法和if only后的
谓语动词用法相同。
You lucky dog! I wish I were you!你这个幸运儿!我真希望我是你!
The party was awful, and we all wish we had never been there.那场聚会糟糕透了,我们都希
望自己从来没有去过那里。
had done
did
would/could/might do
He is right, but I can't help wishing they would keep those old ferries.他是对的,但我还是忍
不住希望他们能保留那些旧渡船。(2022全国甲)
②wish sb.+名词(success/a good journey)/动词(succeed/have a good time)祝福某人(成功/旅途
愉快)/(成功/过得愉快)
We sincerely wish you a quick recovery and an early return to China.我们真诚地祝你快速康
复,早日返回中国。 写作·祝福
③wish (sb.) to do sth.希望(某人)做某事
I wish him to go with me.我希望他和我一起去。
④would rather后的宾语从句中常用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反的情况,用过去
完成时表示与过去事实相反的情况。
I would rather you didn't eat junk food.我希望你不吃垃圾食品。
The first day he walked into my class, he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking
bored...第一天走进我的课堂时,他身后拖着书包,看上去很无聊…… (教材P9)
情景导学
I will cheer for you the moment you reach your goals.你一达到目标,我就为你欢呼。
The instant our mum saw the breakfast made by us, tears welled up in her eyes.妈妈一看到我们
做的早饭,就热泪盈眶。 读后续写·心理描写
结构3 名词短语引导时间状语从句
用法归纳
　　①常见的作连词引导时间状语从句的名词短语有the 　　　　 /the minute/the instant
一……就……;the first time/the last time第一次/最后一次;next time下次;every/each time每次;
any time任何时候;the day/week/month/year那天/那周/那个月/那年等。
②用作连词的名词短语前不能加　　 ,且其后不能再用连词。
结构拓展
①副词immediately、instantly、directly(一……就……)可引导时间状语从句。
Along the way, we encountered a snake that crawled away immediately it saw us.在途中,我们
遇到了一条蛇,它一看到我们就爬走了。 读后续写·情节描写
②介词短语by the time(到……时候)可引导时间状语从句,主句常用完成时态。by the time从
句的时态为一般过去时,主句常用过去完成时;by the time从句的时态为一般现在时,主句常用
将来完成时。
moment
介词
Sentence 1
长难句 图解
译文　我唯一还记得的数学课内容是三角形的内角和是180度!
定语从句
表语从句
Sentence 2
译文　第一天他走进我的课堂时,身后拖着书包,看上去很无聊,但我一准备好一个实验,用
酸和洋葱展示人的胃如何工作,他就全神贯注地听我讲了。
时间状语从句
时间状语从句
宾语从句
方式状语
Sentence 3
译文　作为老师,你可以在孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习时走进他们的心灵。
表语从句
时间状语从句
Sentence 4
译文　如果我作为老师所做的工作能够帮助将一个像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成一个如此
成功的成年人,那么我知道我所做的工作是值得的。
条件状语从句
主语从句
主语从句
Sentence 5
译文　我的朋友试图将我拖离手机,但我一再次独处,就极想回到网络世界和它提供的激烈
的活动中去。
时间状语从句
定语从句
Sentence 6
译文　令人真正担心的是,我认识的每个人,包括我自己,都不能够戒掉互联网。
主语从句
表语从句
定语从句
过去完成时
一、过去完成时的定义与构成
情景导学
He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.他犹豫了一下,然后说他已经决定不跑
了。 (2022新高考Ⅰ)
The class had begun when I got to the school.当我到达学校时,课已经开始了。
By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars.到去年年底,我们已经生产了20,000辆车
了。
We hadn't seen each other before I left my hometown.在我离开家乡之前,我们没见过彼此。
Before the train left the station, all the things had been packed into it.在火车离开车站之前,所有
必备语法 情景破
的东西都被装了进去。
Had they recorded seven albums before they visited India 他们在访问印度之前录制了七张专
辑吗
用法归纳
(1)过去完成时表示在过去的某一时间/动作①　　 发生的事件或存在的状态,即过去的过
去。过去的时刻常用before、until、when、by等引导的时间状语(从句)来表示,也可以用一
个表示过去的动作或上下文语境来表示。
(2)过去完成时的构成:②主语+　　 。
过去完成时的否定形式:③主语+　　 。
过去完成时的一般疑问句形式:④　 　 +主语+　　 。
过去完成时的被动语态:主语+had been done。
二、过去完成时的用法
情景导学1
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.我们本希望你能来,但是你没有来。
之前
had done
hadn’t done
Had
done
I had thought we might travel as far as Oak Valley, but we only managed the first lap of the jour-
ney.我原以为我们可以旅行到橡树谷那么远,但我们只勉强完成了旅程的第一段。
I had wished festival activities could attract her, but they didn't work.我本希望节日活动能吸引
她,但它们没有奏效。
If you had helped me, I would have got a high score.如果你帮助了我的话,我就会得高分了。
用法归纳1
(1)表示过去未曾实现的⑤　　 、打算、意图、诺言等时常用had hoped/planned/meant/in-
tended/thought/wanted/wished/expected等。
(2)在条件状语从句中,表示与过去事实相反的假设时,从句要用⑥　　　　　 。
情景导学2
She had hardly had time to sit and have a rest when the phone rang again.她刚有时间坐下休息
一下,这时电话又一次响起来。
No sooner had I arrived home than the bell rang.我刚到家门铃就响了起来。
It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.这是他那一年第三次失业了。
愿望
过去完成时
用法归纳2
　　过去完成时的常用句型:
(1)表示“某人第几次做某事”:在It/This/That was the first/second/third/...time that...句型中,主
句用一般过去时,从句用⑦　　　　　 。
(2)表示“一……就……”:在hardly/scarcely...when...、no sooner...than...句型中,主句用过去
完成时,而when、than引导的从句用一般过去时。
特别提醒
当hardly、scarcely、no sooner位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。
三、过去完成时和一般过去时的区别
情景导学
He went to Wuhan last week.上周他去武汉了。
过去完成时
The bus had already left by the time she arrived.她到达的时候公共汽车已经离开了。
They had arrived home by ten yesterday.他们昨天10点之前到家。
They arrived home at ten yesterday.他们昨天10点到家。
When Tom arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off.汤姆到达机场时,飞机已经起飞了。
用法归纳
(1)第3句中动作发生在10点之前,所以用过去完成时;第4句中动作发生在10点,所以用一般过
去时。
(2)过去完成时表示动作在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成,即过去的过去。一般过去时
表示动作在过去的某个时间发生,也表示在过去经常性或习惯性的动作。
(3)使用过去完成时是以⑧　　　　 的某个时间为参照点,而一般过去时是以现在的时间
为参照点。过去完成时和一般过去时在同一个句子或者上下文中体现过去事件发生的先后
顺序。
过去
即时巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The aircraft 　 　　　 (plan) to arrive in Beijing on March 8, 2014, but it didn't.
2.It was the first time that she　　 　　 (chat)online in English.
3.Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we 　 　　　
(assume) previously.
4.It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they 　　　　 (do) for me.
5.I wish I　　　　 (be) at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in
New York then.
6.Mrs. Brown　　　　 (work) in a high school for three years in the past, but she works in a
bank now.
had planned
had chatted
had assumed
had done
had been
worked
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。
The news　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 the game soon spread over the whole school.
2.这是玛丽第五次犯这么简单的错误。
This was the fifth time that Mary 　　　　　　　 such a simple mistake.
3.杰克从英国回到家时,他的儿子已经大学毕业了。
By the time Jack returned home from England, his son　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 .
4.他突然意识到他们之间产生了误会。
He suddenly realized that a misunderstanding　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 .
5.他们本来打算帮忙,但是没有及时到达那里。
They　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 but didn't get there in time.
that they had won
had made
had graduated from college/university
had come between them
had intended/planned to help
6.莫言刚走上舞台观众就响起了雷鸣般的掌声。
No sooner 　　　 Mo Yan 　　　 on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous ap-
plause.
stepped
had