UNIT 3 CELEBRATIONS单元精讲精练课件-北师大版必修一

(共58张PPT)
UNIT 3　 CELEBRATIONS
高频词汇精讲
高频词汇 情景破
词汇 1 occasion n.重要的社交活动;时刻,时候;机会
　　Choose a festival or a special occasion that you like. Tell your partner when and how it is
celebrated.选择一个你喜欢的节日或特别的活动。告诉你的同伴庆祝它的时间和方式。
(教材P50)
情景导学
Everyone loses his/her temper on occasion(s), so don’t blame yourself too hard.每个人都会偶尔
发脾气,所以不要过分自责。
Spring Festival is an occasion when all the family can reunite.春节是个全家人可以团聚的机会。 (写作·节假日活动)
This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions would they take it out and
let us hold it in our hands.这个奖牌对我父母来说很珍贵。只有在特殊场合他们才会把它拿
出来让我们拿在手中。
用法归纳
①　　 ...occasions 在……场合/时候
②　　　　　 有时,偶尔
③on this/that occasion这次/那次
④on one occasion有一次
⑤occasion作先行词且关系词在定语从句中充当时间状语时,关系词常用　　 。
on
on occasion(s)
when
词汇拓展
①occasional adj.偶尔的
He spent five years in Paris, with occasional visits to Italy.他在巴黎度过了五年,偶尔去意大
利看看。
②occasionally adv.偶尔
Use a few words to summarise the meaning of Spring Festival for each account.用几句话概括一
下春节对每个描述的意义。 (教材P52)
情景导学
When choosing our majors, we need to take account of our interest and career plans.=When
choosing our majors, we need to take our interest and career plans into account/consideration.选
专业课时,我们需要考虑我们的兴趣和职业规划。 (写作·学校生活)
His father didn’t agree at first, but later he agreed on account of his insistence.他的父亲一开始
并不同意,但后来由于他的坚持,他同意了。
词汇 2 account n.描述;报道;账户 vt.认为是;视为
Knowing that you’re interested in traditional Chinese festivals, I’m writing to give you a brief
account of Spring Festival.知道你对中国的传统节日感兴趣,我写信给你简要介绍一下春节。
(写作·节日介绍)
On no account should the house be left unlocked.离开住宅时千万要锁门。
However, those who choose to read English books and visit English learning websites account for
only 18% and 12%.然而,那些选择阅读英语书籍和访问英语学习网站的人只占18%和12%。
(写作·图表作文)
用法归纳
①　　 an account of描述/叙述……
②　　　　　　　　 =because of 由于,因为
③take account 　　 sth.=take sth. 　　 account/consideration考虑到某事物
give
on account of
of
into
④on no account　　　　 　　 (置于句首时,句子要部分倒装)
⑤　　　　　 是……的原因;解释,说明;(数量上、比例上)占
词汇拓展
accountant n.会计,会计师
决不；绝对不
account for
Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our front door.接下来,汉字“福”
被倒着贴在我们的前门上。 (教材P52)
情景导学
Please attach an invitation to the email.请随邮件附上邀请函。
Since the school attaches great importance/significance to this match, I hope we can devote ourselves to becoming a stronger team.由于学校对本次比赛非常重视,我希望我们能致力于成为一支更强的队伍。　　 (写作·邀请信)
用法归纳
①attach A 　　 B 把A固定/附在B上
②attach importance/significance to...　　　　　　　　　
词汇 3 attach vt.贴;固定;附上;重视
to
认为……有重要性;重视……
词汇拓展
①attached adj.依恋的;所附的;附属于;为……工作
be attached to喜欢/依恋……;附属于……
As a person who is very attached to family, I always feel very homesick when I’m away from
home.作为一个非常依恋家庭的人,当我离开家的时候,我总是非常想家。
The research institute is attached to the university.这个研究所附属于这所大学。
②attachment n.依恋;爱慕;附属物;附件
Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents...每年一上火车,我就会被山西口音包围…… (教材P53)
情景导学
We are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for walking, caving, climbing and cycling.我们周围是一个天然的游乐场,非常适合散步、洞穴探察、爬山和骑行。
I like to surround myself with genuine people.我喜欢结交真诚的人。
用法归纳
①be surrounded 　　 /with...被……包围/环绕(常省去be,在句中作状语或后置定语)
②surround oneself 　　 sb./sth.喜欢结交(某类人);喜欢身边总有(某类东西)
词汇 4 surround vt.环绕,围绕;包围,围住
by
with
词汇拓展
①surrounding adj.附近的,周围的
We decided to explore the surrounding countryside.我们决定探索周围的乡村。
②surroundings n.环境
They enjoyed a peaceful holiday in beautiful surroundings.他们在美丽的环境中度过了一个
宁静的假期。
And if it’s a graduation party or a wedding, don’t forget to offer your congratulations and good
wishes.如果是毕业派对或是婚礼,别忘了送出你的祝贺和美好祝愿。 (教材P106)
情景导学
Congratulations on your exam results!祝贺你考出了好成绩!
I am writing this e-mail to offer/send my congratulations to you on your victory.我写这封邮件是
为了向你致以祝贺,祝贺你取得了胜利。 (写作·表达祝贺)
用法归纳
①congratulation常用复数形式congratulations,表示“祝贺;贺词”
②congratulations 　　 sth.对某事表示祝贺
③offer/send one’s congratulations 　　 sb.向某人致以祝贺
④a letter of congratulation祝贺信
词汇 5 congratulation n.恭喜,祝贺
on
to
词汇拓展
congratulate vt.祝贺
congratulate sb. on (doing) sth.因(做)某事祝贺某人
The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.这场
聚会是朋友和家人祝贺这个人搬入新家的机会。 (2020全国Ⅲ)
易混辨析
congratulate 表示“祝贺”,宾语为人,指对人进行祝贺
celebrate 表示“庆祝”,宾语为物,指通过举行仪式、典礼等来庆祝有意义的事情或日子
To celebrate the festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.为了庆祝这个节日,周四在北京的晋商博物馆举行了许多活动。(2022全国乙)
It’s also important to make an effort to talk to other people.努力与他人交谈也很重要。
(教材P106)
情景导学
Frank put a lot of effort into the party.弗兰克为这次聚会费了很大的劲。
The police spared no effort to secure the area.警方不遗余力地保护该地区。
You should focus your attention on classes, and make an effort to practise your spoken English.
你应该把注意力集中在课堂上,并努力练习你的英语口语。 (写作·建议信)
Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled.昆士兰铁路尽一切努力确
保列车如期运行。
With effort, the young runner pulled himself up and with unsteady steps, moved towards the finish line.这位年轻的跑步者费力地站了起来,步伐不稳地向终点线移动。 (读后续写·动作描写)
词汇 6 effort n.努力;力气;尽力
用法归纳
①make an effort/every effort 　　 sth.努力/尽一切努力做某事
②put effort 　　 ...努力
③spare no 　　 (to do sth.) 不遗余力(做某事)
④in an effort to do sth.为了做某事
⑤　　 /without effort费力地/毫不费力地
to do
into
effort
with
I would like to extend my thanks to all our teachers, parents and families, who have done so much
for us over the years.我要向我们所有的老师、父母和家人表示感谢,他们多年来为我们做了
这么多。 (教材P106)
情景导学
The chairperson extended a warm welcome to the guest speaker.主席对特邀发言人表示热烈欢迎。
A true friend will always extend a helping hand to you when you re in the depths of despair.当你
处于绝望的深渊时,真正的朋友总会向你伸出援助之手。 (写作·友谊)
The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected.
该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区。 (2022新高考Ⅰ)
词汇 7 extend vt.提供,给予,表示;扩大……的影响;扩展,扩大;延长;伸展vi.延续(时间),延伸(距离)
用法归纳
①extend thanks/a welcome 　　 sb.向某人表示感谢/欢迎
②extend sth. 　　 sb.向某人提供某物
③extend...　　 ... 将……扩展到……
词汇拓展
①extended adj.延长了的;扩展了的(只用于名词前)
He greeted every passer-by, with a smile and an extended palm.他伸出手掌微笑着向每一个
过路的人打招呼。 (读后续写·动作描写)
②extension n.延期;延伸
to
to
to
We are so fortunate to have your love and support.我们很幸运能拥有你们的爱和支持。 (教
材P106)
情景导学
He was fortunate in having a good teacher.他很幸运有位好老师。
I was pretty fortunate to get a position in a company.我很幸运在一家公司里得到一个职位。
He was fortunate that he did not get injured in the car accident.他很幸运,没有在车祸中受伤。
用法归纳
①be fortunate 　　 sth.很幸运做某事
②be fortunate 　　 having sth.很幸运有……
③be fortunate that...很幸运……
词汇 8 fortunate adj.幸运的
to do
in
词汇拓展
①fortunately adv.幸运地
②unfortunate adj.不幸的
③unfortunately adv.不幸地
Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer.不幸的是,我无法提供神奇的清单。
(2023新课标Ⅱ)
④fortune n.时运;命运,运气;大笔的钱
try one’s fortune碰运气
make a fortune 发财;赚大钱
⑤misfortune n.不幸
The following is a memory of a woman about Christmas.下面是一位女士关于圣诞节的回忆。 (教材P58)
情景导学
Those old songs bring back memories.那些老歌唤起了回忆。
I have a good/poor memory for names.我擅长/不擅长记名字。
People celebrate this festival in memory of Qu Yuan, who was a Chinese poet.人们庆祝这个节
日是为了纪念中国诗人屈原。 (写作·介绍端午节)
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in
the visitor s memory.正如歌中所唱,这条漫长而曲折的路“永远不会消失”,它将永远留在
游客的记忆中。(2021新高考Ⅰ)
用法归纳
①　　　　　 memories唤起回忆
词汇 9 memory n.记忆,回忆;记忆力
bring back
②remain/stay/　　 in one’s memory留在某人的记忆里
③have a good/poor memory 　　 ...擅长/不擅长记……
④　　　　　 sb.=to the memory of sb.为了纪念某人,作为对某人的纪念
词汇拓展
①memorable adj.值得纪念的;难忘的
②memorize vt.记住;记忆
stick
for
in memory of
Granny had the patience to sing it over and over again.奶奶有耐心把它唱了一遍又一遍。 (教
材P58)
情景导学
Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with patience.每当我犯错误时,老师都
耐心地把它们指出来。
His father lost/ran out of patience with him and scolded him,“If you don t study, what do you
want to do ”他的父亲对他失去了耐心,训斥他说:“如果你不学习,你想做什么 ”
I have no patience with people who smoke in restaurants.我不能容忍在饭馆吸烟的人。
People now rarely have the patience to read.人们现在很少有耐心阅读了。 (2023新课标Ⅱ)
用法归纳
①have the patience to do sth.有耐心做某事
②　　 patience 耐心地
词汇 10 patience n.耐心;耐力
with
③　　　　　　　 patience (with sb.) (对某人)失去耐心
④have no patience　　 sb.不能容忍某人,对某人没有耐心
词汇拓展
①impatience n.不耐烦
②patient adj.有耐心的 n.病人
be patient with对……有耐心
She is so patient with each student that we all like her.她对每个学生都很有耐心,我们都喜欢
她。
③patiently adv.耐心地
lose/run out of
with
On Christmas Eve, Granny took a seat by the fire as we put up the Christmas tree.在平安夜,当我
们把圣诞树立起来的时候,奶奶坐在炉火边。 (教材P58)
情景导学
I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures.我搬
过很多次家,我总是喜欢使我的房间个性化并张贴照片。 (2023全国甲)
I wanted to know if she could put me up for a few days.我想知道她能否让我留宿几天。
Their friends suggested they should put up their prices.他们的朋友们建议他们提高价格。
A new sports hall was put up in our school last year, where colorful activities are often held.去年
我们学校建了一个新的体育馆,那里经常举行丰富多彩的活动。 (写作·学校生活)
用法归纳
put up还可表示“　　　 ;　　　 ;搭建;　　　 ;投宿,(在……)过夜;　　　　　　　 ;
举起,使升高;提出(建议等)”等。
词汇 11 put up竖立
张贴
建造
提高
让……留宿
词汇拓展
put up with容忍,忍受
put off 推迟,延迟
put forward 提出,建议;将……提前
put on穿上,戴上;播放(激光唱片、磁带等);增加体重;上演,展出
put aside忽视;保留
I can put up with the room being untidy, but I hate it when it’s not clean.我可以忍受屋子不整
齐,但是我讨厌屋子不干净。
Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going
for that cake.推迟到周末看你最喜欢的节目,或者多等十分钟再去吃那块蛋糕。 (2023全国甲)
The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.经理建议我们找个助手。
情景助记
put up的不同意思

I was on my best behaviour as we opened the presents.当我们拆礼物的时候,我尽量表现得体。
(教材P59)
词汇拓展
behave v.表现;作出反应;表现得体
behave in a/an...way以……方式表现
behave like...举止像……
behave as if/as though...表现得好像……
behave oneself表现得体;有礼貌
She is a little girl, but she behaves as if she were an adult.她是个小女孩,可表现得好像一个大人。
I hope Nicholas will behave himself at the party.我希望尼古拉斯在聚会上表现得体。
词汇 12 behaviour (behavior) n.行为,举止
For weeks I had been working on this, listening to Grandpa’s stories,selecting his favourite music
and collecting photos from the family album.几个星期以来,我一直在做这件事,听爷爷的故事,
挑选他最喜欢的音乐,从家庭相册里收集照片。 (教材P62)
情景导学
Six students have been selected to take part in this year’s basketball match.已选定六个学生参加今年的篮球比赛。 (写作·比赛介绍)
We have to select the most suitable one from more than 30 beautiful designs.我们必须从三十多种美丽的图案中选出最适合的一种。
The university was selected as the site for the research centre.这所大学被选定为研究中心所在地。
Judging from his league performance, he had hopes of being selected for the national team.从联
赛表现来看,他有望入选国家队。
词汇 13 select vt.挑选,选拔
用法归纳
①select...　　 ... 从……中挑选……
②select...　　 ... 挑选……作为……
③select...　　 ... 挑选……进入……,为……挑选……
④select sb. 　　 sth.挑选某人做某事
词汇拓展
①selection n.挑选,选拔
②selective adj.选择性的
from
as
for
to do
Grandpa couldn’t believe his eyes and it took quite a long time for them to calm down.爷爷不敢相信自己的眼睛,过了好长时间他们才平静下来。 (教材P62)
情景导学
I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.我把小鸡放进巢里,它很快就平静下来了。
Upon hearing the knock, the young lady wiped tears and tried to calm herself down.一听到敲门声,那位年轻的女士就擦了擦眼泪,试图使自己平静下来。 (读后续写·动作描写)
Thankfully, Jeff kept/stayed/remained calm and turned off the gas quickly.幸好,杰夫保持冷静,迅速关掉了煤气。
用法归纳
①calm (sb./sth.) 　　 (使某人/某物)平静下来;(使某人/某物)镇静
②　　　　　　　　 calm 保持冷静
词汇 14 calm vi.& vt.(使)平静,(使)镇定 adj.镇静的,冷静的,平静的
down
keep/stay/remain
词汇拓展
①calmly adv.冷静地,平静地
Only when we react to emergencies calmly can we solve problems in a better way.只有当我们
冷静应对紧急情况时,我们才能以更好的方式解决问题。
②calmness n.平静;镇定
高频词汇积累
词汇 释义 用法&拓展
decorate vi.& vt.装饰,布置,美化 decorate A with B用B来装饰A
be decorated with...用……装饰
decoration n.装饰;装饰品
tradition n.传统 It’s a tradition that...……是一个传统。
It’s a tradition for sb. to do sth.某人做某事是一种传统。
traditional adj.传统的
traditionally adv.传统上
immediately adv.即刻,马上 immediately还可作连词,意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句。有类似用法的词(组)还有
directly、the instant、the moment、the minute等。
let off 使某物爆炸 含有let的其他常用短语:
let out发出(叫声等);放长,加宽(衣服等)
let alone 更不用说
let down 使失望
scare vt.吓唬;使(某人)惊恐 vi.受惊吓 n.惊恐;惊吓 scare sb./sth. away/off把某人/某物吓跑
scare sb. into doing sth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事
scared adj.害怕的;恐惧的;担心的
be scared of sb./sth.害怕某人/某物
be scared to do sth.害怕/不敢做某事
be scared to death吓得要死
scary adj.恐怖的;吓人的
greet vt.问候,欢迎;打招呼 greet sb. with...以……向某人问候
greeting n.问候;迎接;致意
greetings n.问候的话;祝词
represent vt.代表;象征;描述;正式提出 represent...as...将……描述为……
represent sth. to sb.向某人正式提出某事
representative n.代表;代理人 adj.有代表性的
representation n.代表;描绘
whisper v.低声说,低语;私下说 n.耳语(声);低语(声) whisper sth. to sb.对某人耳语某事
It is whispered that...有人私下说……
in a whisper/whispers低声地
catch sb.’s eye 吸引某人的目光;吸引某人的注意 含有eye的其他常用短语:
keep an eye on照看;留神,留意
have an eye for对……有鉴赏力
fix one’s eyes on sth.注视某物
look sb. in the eye直视/正视某人
description n.描述,描写 a detailed/full description详细的/详尽的说明
a brief/general description简要/概括性的说明
beyond description无法形容
describe vt.描述
It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.人们相信,当“福”被倒过来
放时,幸福就会到来。 (教材P52)
情景导学
It is believed that greenhouse gases are the main cause of global warming.=Greenhouse gases are
believed to be the main cause of global warming.人们相信温室气体是全球变暖的主要原因。
(写作·世界环境)
It is believed that the couple have left the country.=The couple are believed to have left the country.人们相信那对夫妇已经离开了这个国家。
经典结构 情景破
结构 1 It is believed that...人们相信……
用法归纳
①It is believed that...=sb./sth. be believed　　　　　　　　 ...人们相信……
②It在此处作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句(主语从句)。
结构拓展
适用于此句型的动词还有report、expect、say、think、hope、consider、estimate等。
It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.据说大约20%的25—34岁的人和父母住在一起,与之相比,1991年这一比例是16%。 (2020
全国Ⅲ)
to do/to have done
Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents...每年一上火车,我
就会被山西口音包围…… (教材P53)
情景导学
The moment/As soon as Mary found her pen was missing, she got annoyed.玛丽一发现她的钢
笔不见了,就生气了。 (读后续写·心理描写)
用法归纳
　　名词短语the moment可以用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就……”,相当于
　　　　　 。
结构拓展
“the+时间名词(短语)”,如the instant/the second/the minute(一……就……)、the year/month
(那年/那月)、the first time(第一次)等,以及名词短语each time/every time(每次)等,可起连词的
作用,引导时间状语从句。
结构 2 the moment... 一……就……
as soon as
His younger brother was accepted by Harvard University the year he was admitted to Peking
University.他被北京大学录取的那一年,他的弟弟被哈佛大学录取了。
Every time I see the hat, it reminds me of the tour I made years ago.每次我看到那顶帽子,它
就会让我想起几年前的那次旅游。
　　When I think about what makes Christmas so magical,it’s not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind.当我思考是什么让圣诞节如此神奇时,我想到的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。 (教材P59)
情景导学
It is Jack who/that wants to see you.正是杰克想要见你。(强调主语)
It was an old magazine that Mary found in the bag.玛丽在包里找到的是一本旧杂志。(强调宾语)
It was in the supermarket that we met each other for the first time.就是在这个超市里我们第一
次遇见了彼此。(强调地点状语)
→Was it in the supermarket that you met each other for the first time 你们是在这个超市里第一
次遇见彼此的吗 (一般疑问句式)
→Where was it that you met each other for the first time 你们是在哪儿第一次遇见彼此的 (特
殊疑问句式)
结构 3 It is/was...that/who...强调句型
It was not until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress.直到我完成了电影
学业,我才追求我的演艺生涯。(对not...until...的强调)
用法归纳
　　①强调句型的结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+　　　　　 +句子剩余部分.”。被强
调部分可以是　　 、　　 、　　 ,但一般不可以是谓语、表语、补足语等。
　　②当被强调部分是人时,可用　　 或　　 ,其余用that。
　　③强调句的时态根据原句的时态确定:若原句为过去的某种时态,则强调句中的be用
　 ;若原句为现在的某种时态,则强调句中的be用　　 。
　　④当强调主语时,that/who后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与　　　　　　　 保持一致。
　　⑤强调句的一般疑问句式:　　　　　 +被强调部分+　　　　　 +句子剩余部分
强调句的特殊疑问句式:　　　 　 +is/was it that+句子剩余部分
　　⑥对not...until...的强调:It is/was　　 ...+that+句子剩余部分.
that/who
主语
宾语
状语
who
that
was
is
被强调的主语
特殊疑问词
not until
Is/Was it
that/who
长难句图解
Sentence 1
译文 我通常在春节前几周开始计划回山西老家的行程,因为火车票或航班必须尽早预订。
Sentence 2
译文　我不能经常回山西,所以当我回到家,我的父母会把这一年发生的事一股脑儿地告诉
我——谁结婚了,谁有孩子了或者谁去上大学了。
原因状语从句
时间状语从句
宾语从句
Sentence 3
译文　随着年龄的增长,回家和全家人待在一起成了春节最重要的部分。
Sentence 4
译文　我记得(那天)有风,因为奶奶到的时候,她灰白的头发乱糟糟的。
Sentence 5
译文　当我给圣诞老人写信告诉他我想要的礼物时,奶奶尽力帮助我。
时间状语从句
原因状语从句
定语从句
被动语态
　　英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动
作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。
一、不同时态的被动语态
情景导学
He is loved by all his students.
When will the work be finished
We can’t use the reading room. It is being repaired.
He knew he would be punished for his parking offence.
I had a feeling that I was being watched.
Researchers were brought in from all over China to develop the vaccine(疫苗).
When we got to the cinema, all the tickets had been sold out.
必备语法 情景破
Some sports that were part of the Olympics in the past have been removed.
By next year all the money will have been spent.
He told me that the house would have been finished by the end of this month.
用法归纳
　　被动语态是由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的,即be done。不同时态的被动
语态是在不同时态的主动语态的基础上变换be的形式。常见时态的被动语态形式如下:
现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时
一般 am/is/are done was/were done will/shall be done would be done
进行 ①　 　　　 was/were being done
完成 have/has been done ②　　　 　 will have been done would have been done
am/is/are being done
had been done
二、被动语态的各种句式
情景导学
I was invited to the concert yesterday by the Greens.
The glass was not broken by Leach but by the wind.
Is King Lear written by Shakespeare
When was the football team set up
There will be a report today that smoking might be banned in most buildings.
Must the homework be handed in by tomorrow
Anne couldn’t be expected to understand the situation.
用法归纳
(1)肯定句式: 主语+be+过去分词(+...).
(2)否定句式: 主语+be+not+过去分词(+...).
(3)一般疑问句式: ③　　　　　　　　　　 (+...)
(4)特殊疑问句式: 特殊疑问词(不作主语)+be+主语+过去分词(+...) 特殊疑问词(作主语)+be+
过去分词(+...)
(5)谓语部分含有情态动词的被动语态形式为“情态动词+be done”,否定式是在情态动词后
加not,疑问式是将④　　 提到主语前。
(6)有很多动词短语的用法相当于及物动词,可以有被动语态,要注意变为被动语态时,短语中
的副词或介词不可漏掉。
Be+主语+过去分词
情态动词
三、被动语态的用法
情景导学
Many houses were destroyed in the war.
Smoking is strictly prohibited here.
Printing was introduced into Europe from China.
Many new buildings have been built in our city in recent years.
用法归纳
　　一般主动语态与被动语态的选用应根据具体情况而定,但下面几种情况一般用被动语态:
(1)强调动作的⑤　　 ,或不想说出是谁做的这件事时;
(2)不必指出或不知道动作的执行者时;
(3)动作的执行者显而易见时;
(4)在书面语中,特别是在科技报告、新闻报道、公告和通知中。
承受者
四、应注意的问题
1.不能用于被动语态的动词及动词短语
情景导学
　　This book consists of 25 chapters.
　　How much did it cost
用法归纳
　　少数及物动词(如have、become、cost、enter、suit、lack等)以及动词短语(如consist of、
run out of、belong to、take place、lose heart、break out等)通常不能用于被动语态。
2.主动形式表示被动意义
情景导学
The flower smells sweet.
The cloth washes easily.
The library doesn’t open on Sundays.
The meeting takes place next Monday.
用法归纳
(1)系动词taste、feel、look、smell、sound、appear、seem、prove等与形容词连用时;
(2)当sell、wash、read、write、wear等作不及物动词与副词连用时;
(3)当open、shut、start、move等作不及物动词与can’t、won’t、doesn’t等连用时;
(4)某些表示“发生”的动词(短语),如happen、take place、break out、occur等。
动词短语
情景导学1
This sentence doesn’t make sense—there’s no verb in it.
We need more time to see how things develop before we take action.
用法归纳1
　　“动词+名词”形式的动词短语:这类动词短语由“实施动作的动词+表示动作意义的
名词”构成。
情景导学2
Could you slow down a bit I can’t keep pace with you.
It’s hoped that the talks may bring an end to the violence.
用法归纳2
　　“动词+名词(短语)+介词”形式的动词短语:这类动词短语相当于⑥　 　　 , 需要接
宾语,大多数可以用于被动语态。
及物动词
情景导学3
In order to look after her sick mother, she asked for a month’s leave.
用法归纳3
　　“动词+介词”形式的动词短语:动词加at、for、from、into、of、to、with等介词构成
动介型动词短语,相当于⑦　　　　　　　 , 其后需有宾语,可用于被动语态。宾语只能放
在⑧　　 , 不能放在动词与介词之间。在变为被动语态时, 整个动词短语要作为整体看待,
不可拆开,介词不能省略。
情景导学4
We dressed him up as a gorilla.
They let me have bigger imagination space to think over life/think life over.
及物动词
介词后
用法归纳4
　　“及物动词+副词”形式的动词短语:
及物动词加ahead、down、aside、back、off、in、out、forward、on、over、up等副词构成
动副型动词短语,相当于⑨　　　　　 ,需带宾语,可用于被动语态。如果宾语是名词,宾语
既可以放在动词和副词之间也可以放在副词之后;如果宾语是代词,则宾语只能放在⑩　
　　　 。
情景导学5
We’ve decided not to go away after all.
The rain stopped and the sun came out.
用法归纳5
　　“不及物动词+副词”形式的动词短语:不及物动词加away、in、back、off、out、on、
down、over、through、up等副词,相当于 　　　　　 , 这种结构的动词短语不能用于被
动语态,也不能接宾语。
及物动词
动词和副词之间
不及物动词
情景导学6
By studying hard I caught up with the others in the class.
Many small victories add up to a big one.
用法归纳6
　　“动词+副词+介词”形式的动词短语:这类动词短语相当于 　　　　 , 需要接宾
语。
及物动词
即时巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2020天津)Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who　　　　 (cheat) of her money.
2.First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they　　　　 (belong) to a particular group.
3.The flowers　　　　 (water) by the volunteers twice a week.
4.The poem reads nicely and　　　　 (read) by my students now.
5.The boy felt upset because he 　 　　 　 (punish) by his teacher at school.
6.Already this year, 115 measles(麻疹) cases 　　　　 (report) in the USA, compared
with 189 for all of last year.
7.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts 　　　　 (reward)
with success in the end.
had been cheated
belong
are watered
is being read
was punished
have been reported
will be rewarded
8.After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it 　 　　　
(decorate).
Ⅱ.选词填空
depend on; pass...down; break out; look forward to; pay attention to; take care
1.My parents and I are 　　　　 　 your visit to China.
2.Whether or not we can start off tomorrow will 　　　　　 the weather.
3.The roads are very slippery so 　　　　　 when you drive home.
4.Yan’an’s biggest attraction is the spirit that has been 　　　　　 by generations.
5.The war　　　　　 , and many innocent people were at the risk of losing their lives.
6.When communicating with others, you should 　 　　　　 your attitude in order to avoid
making others feel uncomfortable.
was being decorated
looking forward to
depend on
take care
passed down
broke out
pay attention to