UNIT 5 EDUCATION Part 1 TOPIC TALK分层练习（含解析）

UNIT 5　EDUCATION
Part 1　TOPIC TALK
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Writing down your progress allows you to objectively 　　　　(评估) your work.
2.Parents' love and care are of great 　　　　(意义) for children.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.Studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
2.She worked hard and was soon promoted by her boss.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
3.They held a party to promote their products.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.Van Gogh had great influence 　　　　　 the development of modern painting.
2.One of the goals of an 　　　　　(educate) should be to help students develop the desire and ability to think on their own.
3.You should be able to work well in a team and adapt 　　　　　 an international working environment.
4.Once these families get better lives, they will pass 　　　　　 the act of kindness to others.
5.If what he says is not consistent 　　　　　 what he does, he will easily lose the trust of others.
6.My mom insisted 　　　　　 our eating healthy food. Understanding her good intentions, I ate all the food she provided with appreciation.
7.The teacher devoted all his life and time to 　　　　　(help) the poor children.
8.The team are busy 　　　　　(analyse) the problem so that they can find the best solution.
9.He couldn't go out so he had the letter 　　　　　(send) by other people.
10.After 　　　　　 seemed ages, a bus packed with passengers arrived.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我同情他,作为一个同病相怜的人,我深受感动。(sympathy)
I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, and I was deeply moved as a fellow sufferer.(读后续写—心理描写)
2.我爸爸坚持要我每天至少学一样新东西。(一句多译;insist)
①My father　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 learn at least one new thing each day.
②My father　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 learning at least one new thing each day.
3.使他印象最深的是那里所发生的巨大变化。(名词性从句)
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　was the great changes that had happened there.
4.(2021全国乙写作)有时我们不能明辨是非,这对我们的学习和生活是有害的。(非限制性定语从句)
Sometimes we can't tell the difference between right and wrong, 　　　　
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 our study and life.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence(AI)-powered chat robot, creates surprisingly intelligent-sounding text in response to users' prompts(提示), including homework assignments and exam-style questions. The replies are so clear, well-researched and properly referenced that some academics are calling ChatGPT the death ring for conventional forms of educational assessment. How worried should professors and lecturers be Dan Gillmor, a journalism researcher at Arizona State University in Tempe, told The Guardian that he had fed ChatGPT a homework question that he often assigned his students, and the article it produced in response would have earned a student a good grade.
ChatGPT is the brainchild of the AI firm OpenAI, based in San Francisco, California. In 2020, the company unleashed GPT-3, a type of AI known as a large language model that creates text by scanning through billions of words of training data and learning how words and phrases relate to each other. GPT-3 is in the vanguard(先锋) of a revolution in AI, raising philosophical questions about its limits and prompting a host of potential applications, from summarizing legal documents to aiding computer programmers. ChatGPT is fine-tuned from an advanced version of GPT-3 and is optimized(使优化) to engage in dialogue with users.
“Essays are used to test both students' knowledge and their writing skills. ChatGPT is going to make it hard to combine these two into one form of written assignment,” says Arvind Narayanan, a computer scientist at Princeton University in New Jersey. “But academics could respond by reworking written assessments to prioritize critical thinking or reasoning that ChatGPT can't yet do. This might ultimately encourage students to think for themselves more, rather than to try and answer essay prompts,” he says.
The situation both worries and excites Sandra Wachter, who studies technology and regulation at the Oxford Internet Institute in the UK. She's hopeful that education providers will adapt. “Whenever there's a new technology, there's a panic about it,” she says. “It's the responsibility of academics to have a healthy amount of distrust—but I don't feel like this is an undefeatable challenge.”
1.What did Dan Gillmor do with ChatGPT
A.He criticized it in the newspaper.　　　
B.He encouraged his students to use it.
C.He tested it with one of his assignments.　　　
D.He used it to grade his students' homework.
2.What advantage does ChatGPT have over GPT-3
A.It can build a large language model.
B.It can make conversations with its users.
C.It can offer a host of potential applications.
D.It can look through a large number of documents.
3.What does ChatGPT lack according to Arvind
A.Writing skills.
B.Critical thinking.
C.The ability to answer essay prompts.
D.The ability to test professional essays.
4.What is Sandra's attitude to students' using ChatGPT
A.Favorable.　　　B.Doubtful.
C.Discouraged.　　　D.Indifferent.
Ⅱ.七选五
　　British education provides a reliable pathway to the best universities in the world, but what really defines British education
At its simplest, it can be seen as a curriculum(课程)that is common to most schools in England and Wales.　1　 The National Curriculum leads to GCSE (at age 16) and A-Level Examinations (at age 18). These are qualifications recognized by universities and employers around the world.
　2　 Teachers in the UK tend to emphasize that students should learn to think and work things out for oneself over learning facts. Providing interesting lessons is seen as an vital part of the teacher's role, based on the precondition that we learn much better when we feel motivated.
British education is also associated with activities that take place beyond the classroom. There're various organized games, and outdoor and extra course activities.　3　
Education in the UK is heavily infused(灌输)with liberal ideas and personal responsibility. 　4　 The curriculum references not only British culture but also many other cultures from around the world. Thoughtfulness and patience with others win high praise.
British education is forward-looking and in constant evolution.　5　 New methods often come into practice while the out-dated and hard disciplines have faded into history, leaving behind softer traditions and customs.
A.The National Curriculum is reviewed frequently.
B.British education is widely recognized and admired.
C.British education can also be seen as a way of teaching.
D.Scotland, the third part of Great Britain, has its own curriculum.
E.The curriculum sets out specific learning objectives for groups.
F.Students often reflect on how their behavior affects the world around them.
G.They are recognized to be valuable for learning life skills and building character.
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　The pandemic has greatly changed the landscape of education. But that never　1　 one brilliant girl's resolve to reach for her stars.
While most teens are tackling the challenges of middle school, Alena Wicker has already 　2　 her high school diploma. After virtually learning in a long-term program, she is 　3　 to attend Arizona State University this summer. There, she will major in astronomical science and chemistry to 　4　 her dream of working at NASA where she hopes to 　5　 her extraordinary skills to build a spacecraft after graduation. 　6　 she wanted to be an astronomer, but then she switched over to engineering.
Alena's space journey began with her early 　7　 for Lego, with which she's always played since she was 4. So far, she's built 　8　 of everything from the Taj Mahal to NASA rockets.
She was always　9　at her Lego pieces, and if you 　10　 her Lego pieces, it would be easy for her to put them together. This genius also had remarkable 　11　 in other aspects of life. Seeing the 　12　 of opportunities in the STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) fields for women, Alena wanted to make a change. She has 　13　 a website to encourage other girls with 　14　 interests to focus on the STEM fields. Alena hoped to set an example for other girls—never let the long-established concept keep us from 　15　 the course of our own life. “It doesn't matter what you're planning to do,” she said. “Go for it, and then accomplish it.”
1.A.included　　　B.conveyed
C.saved　　　D.weakened
2.A.reviewed　　　B.obtained
C.approved　　　D.questioned
3.A.nervous　　　B.willing
C.ready　　　D.hesitant
4.A.pursue　　　B.change
C.return　　　D.assess
5.A.recover　　　B.appreciate
C.employ　　　D.discover
6.A.Importantly　　　B.Originally
C.Obviously　　　D.Fortunately
7.A.passion　　　B.interest
C.request　　　D.occasion
8.A.patterns　　　B.sites
C.models　　　D.pictures
9.A.amused　　　B.impressed
C.curious　　　D.upset
10.A.handed out　　　B.put away
C.showed off　　　D.messed up
11.A.achievements　　　B.privileges
C.adaptations　　　D.explanations
12.A.possibility　　　B.growth
C.inequality　　　D.advantage
13.A.examined　　　B.developed
C.visited　　　D.removed
14.A.similar　　　B.beneficial
C.various　　　D.typical
15.A.recording　　　B.tracking
C.spreading　　　D.determining
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 5　EDUCATION
Part 1　TOPIC TALK
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.evaluate　2.significance
Ⅱ.1.动词;促进　句意:研究表明,它们(室内植物)可以通过改善人们的心情来促进他们的健康。
2.动词;提升,晋升　句意:她努力工作,不久就得到了老板的晋升。
3.动词;促销,推销　句意:他们举办了一个派对来推销他们的产品。
Ⅲ.1.on　 考查介词。have (a) great influence on...表示“对……有重大影响”,故填on。
2.educator　考查名词。空前为冠词an,此处应填入名词。句意:一个教育工作者的目标之一应该是帮助学生培养独立思考的欲望和能力。故填educator。
3.to　 考查介词。adapt to...表示“适应……”,故填to。
4.on　考查介词。pass on...to...表示“把……传给……”,故填on。句意:一旦这些家庭过上了更好的生活,他们就会把这种善良的行为传递给其他人。
5.with　考查介词。be consistent with...意为“与……一致”,故填with。
6.on　考查介词。insist on意为“坚决要求”。句意:我妈妈坚决要求我们吃健康的食物。 我理解她的好意,心存感激地吃了妈妈提供的所有食物。
7.helping　考查非谓语动词。devote...to doing sth.中的to为介词,所以此空用动名词形式,故填helping。
8.analysing　考查非谓语动词。be busy doing sth.表示“忙于做某事”,故填analysing。
9.sent　考查非谓语动词。宾语letter和send之间是被动关系,因此用过去分词。句意:他不能出去,所以他让别人把信寄走了。
10.what　考查宾语从句。设空处位于介词之后,其后面为系动词seemed,故此处引导介词后的宾语从句,且在宾语从句中充当主语。这里指“似乎很长时间以后”,what表示“……的事物”。
Ⅳ.1.had/felt sympathy for him　2.①insists that I ②insists on my/me　3.What impressed him most 4.which is harmful to
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了人工智能机器人ChatGPT,它能写论文的功能引起了教授和讲师的担心,人们就此问题发表了不同看法。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“Dan Gillmor...told The Guardian that he had fed ChatGPT a homework question that he often assigned his students”可知,Dan Gillmor用给学生布置的作业测试了ChatGPT。故选C。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,与GPT-3相比,ChatGPT的优势在于它可以与用户进行对话。故选B。
3.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“critical thinking or reasoning that ChatGPT can't yet do”可知,Arvind认为ChatGPT还不具备批判性思维或推理能力。故选B。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句可知,Sandra觉得教育者会适应,认为保持适度的怀疑是学术界的责任,但她不认为这是一个不可战胜的挑战,由此推知她对学生使用ChatGPT持支持态度。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.surprisingly adv.令人惊讶地　2.in response to...回应/回复……　3.application n.应用;申请 4.engage in...参与……　5.combine v.(使)结合
【熟词生义】　healthy adj.正常合理的
【差距词汇】　1.fine-tune vt.对……微调　2.summarize v.总结;概括;概述　3.regulation n.管理;规则
长难句　
原句　Dan Gillmor, a journalism researcher at Arizona State University in Tempe, told The Guardian that he had fed ChatGPT a homework question that he often assigned his students, and the article it produced in response would have earned a student a good grade.
分析　本句是主从复合句。“a journalism...Tempe”是主语Dan Gillmor的同位语, 第一个that引导宾语从句,其中and连接两个宾语从句,在第一个宾语从句中that引导定语从句,修饰先行词question,在第二个宾语从句中,“it produced in response”是省略了关系代词的定语从句,修饰先行词the article。
译文　坦佩的亚利桑那州立大学的新闻学研究员Dan Gillmor告诉《卫报》,他向ChatGPT提供了一个他经常给学生布置的家庭作业问题,而它制作的回应该问题的文章可以为一位学生赢得一个好成绩。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。作者从课程、课外活动、教育理念等几个方面介绍了英国教育。
1.D　根据上下句中均提及的“curriculum”一词及文意可知,本段讲述英国教育中课程的设置和特点,选项D“苏格兰,大不列颠的第三部分,有自己的课程”承接了上文提到的大不列颠的前两部分——英格兰和威尔士——的课程,下文顺应此空内容进一步介绍这一话题,故选D。
2.C　由本段叙述的内容“英国的教师往往强调学生应该学会思考和自己解决问题……提供有趣的课程被视为教师角色的一个重要组成部分……”可知,本段介绍英国教育中有关教学的特点,所以选项C“英国教育也可以被看作是一种教学方式”符合本段主要内容。故选C。
3.G　根据本段叙述的内容“英国教育也与在课堂外举行的活动有关。有各种不同的有组织的游戏、户外和课外活动”可知,英国教育重视课外活动。选项G“它们被认为对学习生活技能和塑造品性有价值”解释并承接了上文,故选G。
4.F　上文提及“英国教育充满了开明的思想和个人责任感”,下文提及“课程不仅参考了英国文化,还参考了世界各地的许多其他文化”。选项F“学生经常反思自己的行为如何影响周围的世界”对应了上文中的个人责任感。同样,课程的世界性也有助于学生去用世界性的眼光反思自己对世界的影响。故选F。
5.A　上句提及“英国教育是有远见的,并且在不断发展”,所以选项A“全国统一课程经常被重新考虑”对应了上文的“不断发展”,就是因为不断被重新考虑,才知道哪些可以保留,哪些需要更新,课程才能不断发展,故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.work out解决　2.motivate vt.激励,激发　3.associated adj.有联系的　4.thoughtfulness n.体贴;思虑　5.come into practice付诸实践　6.leave behind留下
长难句　
原句　New methods often come into practice while the out-dated and hard disciplines have faded into history, leaving behind softer traditions and customs.
分析　该句是并列复合句,由并列连词while连接,while意为“然而”,表示对比关系;“leaving behind softer traditions and customs”为现在分词短语作结果状语。
译文　新的方法经常付诸实践,而过时的和严格的纪律已经消失在历史中,留下更温和的传统和习俗。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文,文章主要讲述了阿莱娜·威克为实现梦想所付出的努力以及其他方面的成就。
1.D　根据前文叙述的“流行病极大地改变了教育的格局”与But的转折关系可知疫情从未削弱(weakened)一个聪明的女孩追求梦想的决心,故选D。A.包括;B.传达;C.拯救。
2.B　根据下句“After virtually learning...attend Arizona State University this summer.”可知,上句指Alena Wicker已经获得了(obtained)高中文凭。故选B。A.复习;C.批准;D.质疑。
3.C　根据下文“...she will major in...”可知,她准备(ready)今年夏天进入亚利桑那州立大学学习。故选C。A.紧张的;B.愿意的;D.犹豫的。
4.A　根据上下文“There, she will major in...after graduation.”可知,在那里,她将主修天文科学和化学,以追求她在美国国家航空和航天局工作的梦想,她希望毕业后在那里应用她非凡的技能建造一艘宇宙飞船。pursue one's dream追求某人的梦想。故选A。
5.C　employ one's skills应用某人的技能。故选C。A.恢复;B.感激;D.发现。
6.B　由下文的“but then”可知两个分句之间为转折关系,即“起初(Originally)她想当一名天文学家,但后来转学工程”。故选B。
7.A　根据上文可知Alena想要在美国国家航空和航天局工作,所以此处指太空之旅始于她早期对乐高的热爱(passion)。故选A。
易错归因　
　　本题易误选B项interest(兴趣),但interest与介词in搭配,不与for搭配,故排除。
8.C　根据上文提及的Alena对乐高的热爱可知,她搭建了各种模型(models),从泰姬陵到美国国家航空和航天局的火箭。故选C。A.模式,图案;B.地点,位置;D.图画,相片。
9.A　be amused at...被……逗乐。故选A。B.印象深刻的;C.好奇的;D.沮丧的。
10.D　根据后文“her Lego pieces, it would be easy for her to put them together”可知此处应该指“把乐高积木弄乱(messed up)”。故选D。A.分发;B.将……收起;C.炫耀。
11.A　根据后文她开发了一个网站,鼓励其他有类似兴趣的女孩关注STEM领域可知,这位天才在生活的其他方面也有非凡的成就(achievements)。故选A。B.特权;C.改编本;D.解释。
12.C　根据后文的“Alena wanted to make a change”可知,这里指不利的方面,所以此处指“看到女性在STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)领域的机会不平等(inequality)”。故选C。
13.B　她开发(developed)了一个网站,鼓励其他有类似兴趣的女孩关注STEM领域。develop a website开发一个网站。故选B。A.检查;C.访问;D.去除。
14.A　根据上文可知,Alena开发网站的目的是鼓励与她有类似的(similar)兴趣的女生,故选A。B.有益的;C.各种各样的;D.典型的。
15.B　根据后文“the course of our own life”可知此处指“追寻人生轨迹”,应用track。句意:阿莱娜希望为其他女孩树立榜样——永远不要让这种早已确定的观念阻碍我们追寻自己的人生轨迹。故选B。A.记录;C.传播;D.决定,确定。
【高频词汇】　1.tackle the challenges应对挑战　2.long-term adj.长期的　3.major in...主修……　4.switch v.(使)改变,转变;交换　5.remarkable adj.非凡的;不同寻常的　6.set an example for...为……树立榜样　7.go for it努力争取
【熟词生义】　1.resolve n.决心　2.course n.进展,进程
【差距词汇】　1.pandemic n.流行病　2.diploma n.文凭
长难句　
原句　There, she will major in astronomical science and chemistry to pursue her dream of working at NASA where she hopes to employ her extraordinary skills to build a spacecraft after graduation.
分析　该句是主从复合句。主句是“she will major in astronomical science and chemistry to pursue her dream of working at NASA”,where引导定语从句,修饰先行词NASA。
译文　在那里,她将主修天文学和化学,以追求她在美国国家航空和航天局工作的梦想,她希望毕业后在那里应用她非凡的技能建造一艘宇宙飞船。
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