UNIT 5 EDUCATIONPart 2 LESSON 1 ENLIGHTENING A MIND分层练习（含解析）

UNIT 5　EDUCATION
Part 2　LESSON 1 ENLIGHTENING A MIND
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.And it was interesting to say that a kid made his 　　　　(突破) already at the age of 10.
2.Native Americans had taken care of these 　　　　(宝贵的) natural resources wisely.
3.The English teacher is so excellent that the students can 　　　　(掌握) the meaning of every word easily.
4.The discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more 　　　　(复杂的) than previously believed.
Ⅱ.选词填空
be enthusiastic about;relate to;be apparent to;in a flash
1.It 　　　　　　 everyone that he was no match for his coach at basketball.
2.Many people　　　　　　 online shopping because of its convenience.
3.The visitor disappeared　　　　　　, just as if a TV screen had been turned off.
4.I found a very mixed group of individuals, some of whom I could 　　　　　　 and some of whom I had very little in common with.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.　　　　　(gradual), we will grow up and see the importance of respecting others.
2.He ran a hand up his face 　　　　　(gentle), exploring the wound with his fingers.
3.They rode the elevator together at the end of an 　　　　　(unbearable) sticky day.
4.She says that she enjoys the 　　　　　(excite) of telling stories to a crowd because she is an actress.
5.Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but 　　　　　 my disappointment we were defeated.
6.Some think that a woman's body cells have a tendency 　　　　　(age) more slowly than a man's.
7.My parents were anxious for me, because it was the first time that I 　　　　　(live) abroad.
8.The other banks are going to be very eager 　　　　　(help), provided that he has a specific plan.
9.Yuan Longping invented super hybrid rice, making it possible to increase rice harvests without 　　　　　(expand) the area of the field.
Ⅳ.单元语法专练
1.我不知道我的收音机出什么毛病了。我得找人修修。
I don't know what's wrong with my radio. I'll 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
2.昨天我妈妈把我的脏鞋拿到洗衣店洗了。
Yesterday, my mother 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the laundry.
3.上周,布朗夫人的包被偷了,她感到很沮丧。
Last week, Mrs. Brown 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 and she felt very upset.(读后续写—情绪描写)
4.莉莉上学前去理了个发。
Before Lily went to school, she 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
5.迄今为止,他已经录了两次朗读,并且受到了老师的表扬。(record)
So far he　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 twice and has got the teacher's praise.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
　　Helen Keller was an exceptionally girl. When Helen was in her childhood, she lost her sight and hearing. With these severe 　1　(restrict) to her communication, Helen often behaved 　2　(unbearable). She was sometimes troublesome, stubborn and angry, and had 　3　 tendency to break things when she was not understood.
Luckily, her parents found a suitable teacher, Anne Sullivan. For Helen, Anne Sullivan was a superb teacher, 　4　 technique was simple and straightforward. She put an object into Helen's hand and 　5　(spell) out the word on her other hand. With this method, from “doll” to “water”, Helen got the world of words 　6　(open) up to her. With Helen's knowledge and vocabulary expanding, her thinking process changed as well. As she grasped the key to language, she discovered more complex words. Although 　7　(try) to learn words was a gradual and sometimes 　8　(pain) process, Helen was always enthusiastic 　9　 learning. Helen finally understood the beautiful 　10　(true) of the word “love”.
1.　　　　　 2.　　　　　 3.　　　　　 4.　　　　　 5.　　　　
6.　　　　　 7.　　　　　 8.　　　　　 9.　　　　　 10.　　　　
Ⅱ.语法填空
Robot teachers are now very popular with pupils in some primary schools in South pared with human teachers, the robot teachers are 　1　(patient). They never get angry and are always kind to the students. That's 　2　 the children can always get on well with their robot teachers.
Some English teaching robots 　3　(send) to three primary schools for eight weeks last December. 　4　(equip) with a microphone and a video camera, the robots teach students as teachers. Researchers found that the English teaching robots helped stimulate students' interest in the language and build up their 　5　(confident). More and more students came to like studying and they got better grades in exams. Meanwhile, other robot teachers, 　6　 can teach math, science and art, have also been developed.
Many think these robot teachers should be used 　7　 faraway village schools so that the children there can also receive 　8　 good education. 　9　(give) rural school children more learning chances, the South Korean government has expressed great interest in developing these robots.
No doubt there will be more and more robot teachers working with students. Perhaps they will 　10　(complete) replace human teachers one day in the future. Who knows!
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
“My P.E. teacher taught me maths.” It has been a common joke for years but when a P.E. teacher applied for the class-teacher job, many parents worried that “the joke could come true”. Some parents asked, “Does the P.E. teacher know maths and English If not, how is he supposed to tutor the students ” But there were still parents who believed P.E. teachers had more time to educate the students since they didn't have many classes.
This concern is actually a “subject prejudice”. That is, choosing a P.E. teacher as the class teacher is not good for the students' grades since he doesn't know Chinese, maths, or English. It is acceptable for Chinese teachers, maths teachers and English teachers to be class teachers because these subjects are important to entrance exams and scores. Such a concern reflects parents' anxiety about the current educational environment, which tends to link the class teacher's responsible subject with the facts whether the school cares about the class and the children's performance in the subject.
Many people care about their kids' academic performance only. They don't care about their kids' P.E. performance at all. Even if kids have P.E. classes, parents care little. P.E. teachers are in a humble position and their classes are often occupied by other teachers. Of course, if students' P.E. performance is related to grades and entrance exams, parents won't mind “a P.E. teacher being the class teacher”.
At the moment, P.E. is gradually included in entrance exams.
In terms of the high school entrance examination, Guangzhou launched a new high school entrance exam which includes P.E. performance and health examination in 2021, raising the score to 70 points.
In terms of the College Entrance Examination, universities having the right of independent enrollments added P.E. tests to their entrance exams in 2019. This practice is seen as an important signal that the assessment of physical fitness and athletic ability, which are important aspects of a student's overall quality, may be included in the College Entrance Examination in the future.
We hope that it's a trend for P.E. teachers, music teachers and art teachers to become class teachers.
1.By saying “My P.E. teacher taught me maths” in Para. 1, what does the author intend to show us
A.It is just a joke that seldom happens in real life.
B.P.E. teachers hardly assist students in maths.
C.P.E. teachers are good at teaching maths.
D.People doubt the ability of P.E. teachers.
2.What can we infer from Para. 2
A.A P.E. teacher is of little benefit for students' academic performance.
B.A P.E. teacher is humbler than Chinese, maths or English teachers.
C.A P.E. teacher reflects whether the school cares about the class.
D.A P.E. teacher gets unfairly judged due to the current educational system.
3.Why do universities having the right of independent enrollments add P.E. tests to their entrance exams
A.To raise students' awareness of physical health.
B.To call on parents to pay attention to P.E. teachers.
C.To test the academic ability of high school students.
D.To make P.E. teachers equal with other teachers.
4.What is the author's attitude towards P.E. teachers' working as class teachers 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.Neutral.
B.Indifferent.
C.Supportive.
D.Critical.
B
Few people doubt the value of developing students' thinking skills. A focus on critical thinking is common in education. In the Australian Curriculum, critical thinking and creative thinking are known as “general capabilities”. The US has a similar focus through their “common core”.
Many approaches to developing critical thinking are based on Philosophy for Children. One strategy that has a large impact on students' ability to analyse and evaluate arguments is argument mapping, in which a student's reasoning can be visually displayed by capturing the inferential pathway from the assumption to the conclusion. This type of argument-based intellectual engagement can show high outcomes in terms of the quality of thinking in any classroom. Research also shows deliberate attention to the practice of reasoning in the context of our everyday lives can be significantly improved through targeted teaching.
Teachers at one high school in Australia, who have much training in critical thinking teaching methods, developed a task that asked students to determine Australia's greatest sports person. Students needed to construct their own criteria for greatness. To do so, they had to analyse the Australian sporting context, create possible evaluative standards, explain and justify why some standards would be more acceptable than others and apply these to their candidates. They then needed to argue their case with their classmates to develop the criteria that were solid, defensible, widely applicable and produce a choice that seized significant and relevant aspects of Australian sport.
Researchers looking at the gains made in a single term of teaching critical thinking with argument mapping said the critical thinking gains are very close to those that could be expected to result from three years of undergraduate education. Students who are taught to think well also do better on subject-based exams and standardized tests than those who do not.
In terms of developing 21st-century skills, which includes training students for lifelong learning, teaching critical thinking should be core business.
5.Which of the following can explain the underlined word “capturing” in Paragraph 2
A.Describing. B.Attracting.
C.Designing. D.Blocking.
6.What's the purpose of Paragraph 3
A.To construct the criteria for being great.
B.To acknowledge the teachers' outcomes.
C.To present how to teach critical thinking.
D.To emphasize the importance of reasoning.
7.What is the author's attitude toward teaching critical thinking
A.Objective.
B.Supportive.
C.Doubtful.
D.Cautious.
8.What does this text imply
A.Teaching methods should vary among schools.
B.Research on education deserves more attention.
C.Critical thinking should be valued in education.
D.Concepts of critical thinking aren't well received.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 5　EDUCATION
Part 2　LESSON 1 ENLIGHTENING A MIND
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.breakthrough　2.precious　3.grasp　4.complex
Ⅱ.1.was apparent to　2.are enthusiastic about　3.in a flash　4.relate to
Ⅲ.1.Gradually　考查副词。设空处位于句首,后面有逗号,故这里用副词作句子的状语。句意:渐渐地,我们会长大并理解尊重别人的重要性。
2.gently　考查副词。设空处修饰动词ran,应填入副词gently。句意:他用一只手轻轻地抚摸他的脸,用手指检查伤口。
3.unbearably　考查副词。设空处修饰形容词sticky,应填入副词unbearably。句意:结束了闷热得难以忍受的一天之后,他们一起搭上了电梯。
4.excitement　考查名词。空前为定冠词the,空后为介词of,故此处应填入名词。句意:她说她喜欢给观众讲故事时的兴奋感,因为她是一个演员。
5.to　考查固定搭配。to one's disappointment意为“令某人失望的是”。句意:成为新球队的教练时,我很兴奋,因为我知道我们会赢,但令我失望的是,我们被打败了。
6.to age　 考查动词不定式。have a tendency to do sth.表示“有做某事的倾向”,故填to age。
7.had lived　考查时态。 此处是“It was the+序数词+time that...”结构,that从句应使用过去完成时。句意:我的父母为我担心,因为那是我第一次在国外居住。
8.to help　考查不定式。此处是be eager to do sth.结构,故填入不定式to help。句意:如果他有一个具体的计划,其他的银行将非常渴望帮忙。
9.expanding　考查动名词。空前为介词without,此处应填入动名词expanding。句意:袁隆平发明了超级杂交水稻,使在不扩大稻田面积的情况下增加水稻产量成为可能。
Ⅳ.1.have/get it repaired　2.had/got my dirty shoes washed　3.had/got her bag stolen　4.had had/got her hair cut　5.has had/got his reading recorded
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.restrictions　考查名词复数。空前为形容词severe,空后为介词to,且设空处作介词With的宾语,故此处填入名词,由于空前的these一词,此处名词应用复数形式。
2.unbearably　考查副词。此处填入词应修饰谓语动词behaved,故用副词unbearably(难以忍受地)。
3.a　考查冠词。 此处是have a tendency to do...,意为“有做……的倾向,往往做……”。
4.whose　考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处无提示词,空前为teacher,此处是指“老师的技巧”,故设空处引导定语从句,且在从句中作定语,修饰technique,故填whose。句意:对海伦来说,安妮·莎莉文是一位出色的老师,她的技巧很简单直接。
5.spelt　考查时态。 根据语境可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故设空处填spell的过去式spelt。句意:她把一个东西放到海伦手里,在她的另一只手上拼写出这个单词。
6.opened　考查过去分词。由句子的谓语got和其后的宾语the world of words可知,设空处作宾语补足语,由于the world of words与open up为逻辑上的被动关系,故填过去分词opened。句意:用这种方法,从“玩具娃娃”到“水”,海伦的文字世界被打开了。
7.trying　考查动名词。分析可知,Although引导让步状语从句,设空处在从句中作主语,应用动名词形式,故填trying。句意:尽管努力学习单词是一个渐进的、有时痛苦的过程,但海伦总是对学习有热情。
8.painful　考查形容词。由前面的形容词gradual和连词and可知,这里用形容词painful。
9.about　考查介词。此处是be enthusiastic about...,意为“对……热情”。
10.truth　考查名词。空前为形容词beautiful,空后为介词of,且此处填入词作understood的宾语,由此可知此处应用名词。truth为名词,意为“真理,真相”。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。目前机器人教师在韩国很受一些小学生的欢迎,文章分析了机器人教师的优势及未来的发展前景。
1.more patient　考查形容词的比较级。根据“Compared with human teachers”可知,这里是把人类教师和机器人教师进行比较,要使用比较级形式。故填more patient。
2.why　考查表语从句。设空处引导表语从句,表示那就是孩子们与机器人教师相处得好的原因。故填why。
3.were sent　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语last December可知,本句是叙述过去发生的事情,要使用一般过去时,且主语robots是复数形式,与提示词send之间为被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were sent。
4.Equipped　考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知,逗号前的内容为状语,句子主语the robots与提示词equip之间为被动关系,所以要用过去分词形式。故填Equipped。
5.confidence　考查名词。此处应该使用名词作动词短语build up的宾语。故填confidence。
6.which　考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处无提示词,逗号后部分缺少主语,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词other robot teachers,所以要使用指代物的关系代词which。
7.in/at　考查介词。表示“在学校里”常用介词短语in/at the school。故填in或at。
8.a　考查冠词。education表示“教育”,常作不可数名词,指具体的某种教育,视作可数名词。但此处指通过使用机器人教师,这些偏远农村学校的孩子可以接受良好的教育,故填不定冠词a。
9.To give　考查动词不定式作状语。根据语境可知,此处指“为了给农村学校的孩子更多学习的机会”,应用不定式作目的状语。故填To give。
pletely　考查副词。设空处在句中修饰谓语will replace,应用副词。故填completely。
【高频词汇】　1.compared with...与……相比　2.build up增强　3.meanwhile adv.与此同时　4.faraway adj.远方的;遥远的　5.replace vt.取代;替换
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文,介绍了人们对于体育老师当班主任的不同见解和作者的观点。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It has been a common joke for years”和“many parents worried that ‘the joke could come true’”可知,说“我的体育老师教我数学”是在开玩笑,家长们担忧玩笑成真,由此可推知作者想告诉我们人们怀疑体育老师的能力。故选D。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第二段前三句可知,家长存在“学科偏见”,对不同老师当班主任持不同态度,可进一步推理,在现行的教育体制下,体育老师的作用被家长低估,体育老师受到不公平的评判。故选D。
3.A　推理判断题。根据题干可定位至倒数第二段,由第二句可知,这一做法被视为一个重要信号,表明对学生综合素质的重要方面——身体素质和运动能力的评估可能会纳入未来的高考。由此推知,拥有自主招生资质的大学注重考查学生的综合素质,包括身体素质和运动能力,而纳入考试可以提高学生的身体健康意识。故选A。
4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,作者希望体育教师、音乐教师、美术教师成为班主任是一种趋势,由此推断出作者对体育教师担任班主任持支持的态度。故选C。
【高频词汇】　1.apply for申请　2.come true成为现实
3.acceptable adj.可接受的;认可的　4.link A with B 把A和B联系起来　5.occupy v.占用;占领　6.in terms of...谈及……;就……而言　7.trend n.趋势
【熟词生义】　right n.权利
【差距词汇】　1.prejudice n.偏见 　2.humble adj.谦卑的
长难句　
原句　This practice is seen as an important signal that the assessment of physical fitness and athletic ability, which are important aspects of a student's overall quality, may be included in the College Entrance Examination in the future.
分析　该句是主从复合句。主句是“This practice is seen as an important signal”;that引导同位语从句, 说明signal的具体内容;在同位语从句中,which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词physical fitness and athletic ability。
译文　这一实践被视为一个重要信号,表明作为学生综合素质的重要方面,对身体素质和运动能力的评估可能会被纳入未来的高考。
B
◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文,文章通过介绍批判性思维,结合澳大利亚的批判性思维在教育中的应用结果,最终得出结论:在发展21世纪技能方面,教授批判性思维应该是核心任务。
5.A　词义猜测题。本段叙述了发展批判性思维的途径。画线词所在句讲的是“对学生分析和评估论点的能力有很大影响的一个策略是把论证过程图式化,通过　　　从假设到结论的推理路径,学生的推理可以直观地显示出来”。根据本句中的“mapping”可以看出,学生的推理能力是通过从假设到结论的描述直观地显示出来的。因而句中的“capturing”应该是“描述”的意思。故选A。
6.C　推理判断题。由本段前两句可知,澳大利亚的一所高中的教师在批判性思维教学方法方面受过很多训练,他们开发了一项任务,要求学生们选出澳大利亚最伟大的运动员,学生们需要建立自己的标准来衡量伟大。再结合“To do so, they had to...”可以看出,本段主要讲的是如何教授批判性思维。故选C。
7.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段叙述的内容“就发展21世纪技能——包括培养终身学习的学生——而言,教授批判性思维应该是核心任务”可以看出,作者对教授批判性思维是支持的,故选B。
8.C　推理判断题。结合全文内容可知,批判性思维对发展学生思维有重要意义,再根据最后一段叙述的内容可知,本文体现了在教育上应该重视批判性思维对学生能力发展的意义。故选C。
【高频词汇】　1.approach n.方法　2.apply...to...把……应用于……　3.relevant adj.紧密相关的;有价值的
【熟词生义】　solid adj.可信赖的,可靠的
【差距词汇】　1.reasoning n.推理,论证　2.inferential adj.推理的　3.intellectual adj.智力的　4.deliberate adj.有意的
长难句　
原句　Researchers looking at the gains made in a single term of teaching critical thinking with argument mapping said the critical thinking gains are very close to those that could be expected to result from three years of undergraduate education.
分析　该句是一个主从复合句。“looking at the gains...argument mapping”为现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰Researchers;said后是一个省略了that的宾语从句,其中that引导定语从句,修饰先行词those,而those指代上文提及的gains。
译文　研究人员研究了用论证图来教授批判性思维在单个学期内所取得的进展,他们说,批判性思维的进展与三年本科教育所产生的预期进展非常接近。
7