UNIT 5 EDUCATION Part 4 LESSON 3 UNDERSTANDING分层练习（含解析）

UNIT 5　EDUCATION
Part 4　LESSON 3 UNDERSTANDING
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Your diligence is　　　　(值得) of encouragement, but efforts do not equal accomplishments.
2.As with other periods over the past few years, many followed headlines rather than thoughtful 　　　　(分析).
3.A 　　　　(有益处的) aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor.
4.I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people,who make me feel valued and r　　　　.
Ⅱ.选词填空
approve of;go against;put forward;to start with;at times
1.He spoke well 　　　　　　, but then started rambling(瞎扯) and repeating himself.
2.When we 　　　　　　 the inner voice, we usually feel uncomfortable throughout our lives.
3.Everyone experiences loneliness　　　　　　, but it is especially difficult for aging loved ones.
4.On behalf of the student union, I'd like to　　　　　　 a proposal to save water on our campus.
5.Her parents did not　　　　　　 her decision, and if she failed, they would say, “We told you so.”
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.Sales have gone down, and 　　　　　(obvious) we'd prefer it if that didn't happen.
2.Fast food restaurants such as KFC may owe their popularity 　　　　　the fact that there is usually little waiting.
3.A study found many youngsters now measure their status by how much public 　　　　　(approve) they get online, often through “likes”.
4.His views are grounded on the assumption　　　　　 all people are equal.
5.I'm going to get my doll　　　　　(send) to Mary on her birthday.
6.After class, our teacher got our monitor　　　　　(send) her book to the office.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.优秀的写作能力有利于人们的分析能力。
Excellent writing ability　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 people's analytic ability.
2.警察常敦促驾车者在路上要当心。(一句多译)
①The police often 　　　　 motorists 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 on the roads. (care)
②The police often 　　　　 that motorists 　　　　 　　　　 on the roads. (careful)
3.He slipped out through the window and nobody noticed him. (句式升级,with复合结构)
→He slipped out through the window 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
4.(2024河北唐山期中)在新的教学模式中,老师应该鼓励学生培养批判性思维,这一点至关重要。(it作形式主语)
In the new teaching model, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 students to develop critical thinking.
5.教育不仅帮助人们学习知识,还教人们如何与他人和睦相处。
Education 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 learn knowledge 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 them how to get along with others.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
　　There were many people who were brave enough to find the kingdom of knowledge. Bacon's true interest was not the inefficient working style of the government, but the worthy search 　1　 knowledge. Galileo Galilei proved the idea 　2　 “the Earth 　3　(be) not the centre of the universe”. The church and many people tended 　4　(ignore) the facts and didn't want to challenge what they had always 　5　(comfort) believed.
　　　6　 is not surprising that people wanted to believe these primitive ideas especially when they had been put forward by famous people. At first, people approved 　7　 Galilei's studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they 　8　(grow) angry and put him in prison. People make the 　9　(assume) that if someone important and 　10　(respect) says that something is right, then it must be so. But everyone can make a mistake, so we should observe the world and study the facts.
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　
Ⅱ.语法填空
How can teenage students become more involved in their education Geoff Mulgan believes the solution lies in 　1　(make) learning more relevant. His research suggested that a new model of schooling was needed—a model 　2　 connects what students are learning to their own plans for their future.
Therefore, Mulgan　3　(help) create the Studio School for 14- to 19-year-olds in the UK in 2010. Unlike conventional education, Studio Schools combine academic learning with practical training for future jobs. About 80 percent of the curriculum 　4　(do) not through sitting in classrooms 　5　 through real-life, practical projects, including working at local businesses.
This different approach also includes more personalized　6　(instruct) and support. Studio Schools are 　7　(small) than traditional schools—typically around 300 learners—to make sure that every student feels valued and supported. Each student has a 　8　(person) coach who helps him or her develop a plan to meet their learning goals. By having clearer goals, students become more determined 　9　(perform) well at school. Many students who were not getting good grades improved greatly after they moved to a Studio School.
Studio Schools put teamwork and practical projects at the heart 　10　 learning. The idea is good, but we have to wait and see what the future holds for these schools.
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Adult Education Courses
Computer Studies Technology is advancing at a rapid pace, and we rely more and more on computers for everything from cooking to organizing our taxes. This six-week course will give you an understanding of computer fundamentals, including the use of software packages(Word, Excel and PowerPoint) and how to use the Internet. Start: May 2, 2022 Time: Wed. 7 pm-9 pm Cost: $300 Length: 6 weeks Place: Sydney College Woodwork Learn the basics of woodworking with simple hands-on projects to build your confidence and skills. Each lesson explores a different area of woodworking that will provide you with the skills needed for any woodworking project. Flexible learning allows you to choose only the lessons that interest you. Start: April 15, 2022 Time: Mon. 5 pm-7 pm Cost: $30 per lesson Length: 12 weeks Place: The Adult Learning Centre
Web Design We provide advanced training in software, design, and coding for the Web. Students must have already completed an accepted basic web design course or have at least 2 years' relevant work experience. Students completing the course will receive the diploma in Advanced Web Design. Start: June 1, 2022 Time: Weekdays 9 am-4 pm Cost: $4,990 Length: 40 weeks Place: University of Technology Sydney Art This practical course is intended to help established artists take their creativity further. From sketching and color, to composition, painting and experimenting with style, you will study and explore a variety of creative media and subject matter. Start: April 21, 2022 Time: Thurs. 3 pm-6 pm Cost: $750 Length: 15 weeks Place: City Art
1.Which course awards students an official certificate 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.Art.　　B.Woodwork.　　C.Computer Studies.　　D.Web Design.
2.Which courses are suitable for beginners
A.Web Design and Art.　　　B.Computer Studies and Woodwork.
C.Woodwork and Web Design.　　　D.Computer Studies and Art.
3.How much will a student who attends only half of all the Woodwork lessons pay in total
A.$30.　　B.$180.　　C.$250.　　D.$360.
B
Luis Reynoso says he's always tried to get involved in his children's education: attending meetings on school-improvement projects and providing classroom food. But when his youngest daughter's school invited families to attend a nine-week program Let's Change the Course organized by a leading education advocacy group here to learn about parenting and school participation, he realized his past efforts barely scratched the surface.
Each weekly session touched on different parenting themes, like setting up a special space at home for kids to do homework, like the importance of confidence. One of the most beneficial sessions, he recalls, focused on what a child should know academically in each grade and how to talk to teachers about his daughter's performance. “The workshops really woke me up,” says Mr. Reynoso.
Levels of parental participation in Mexican schools have long been low. Many people commonly believe a child's education is the school's job. In some parts of the country, a mother's or father's own lack of education can play into a sense that they have nothing to contribute. And even in private schools, where there might be more adults with fixed jobs, the participation is very rare, with some parents viewing their tuition(学费) bill as their educational contribution. There are also cases where the schools themselves ignore the potential of parents in a child's education, discouraging communication between families and schools.
But the importance of family participation is something many non-profit education advocates and recently the government are starting to home in on in Mexico. Part of Mexico's 2013 national education reform stresses the importance of parents playing a more active role in their child's education, encouraging an increase in parental-participation programs, including Let's Change the Course.
Susana Castellanos, headmaster of a school in Mexico City, says, “People are recognizing we have to work together to create happy successful citizens. It's no longer acceptable to set apart the roles of teachers vs parents vs school headmasters.”
4.What does Reynoso mean by the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1
A.His previous efforts were in vain.　　　
B.He missed the key point of participation.
C.His daughter disagreed about what he did.　　　
D.He failed to catch the importance of school.
5.What did Reynoso find most beneficial about Let's Change the Course
A.The necessity to set up a space for kids to do homework.
B.The academic requirements for kids in different periods.
C.The importance of knowing children's performance.
D.The ways to increase students' confidence.
6.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A.How to contribute more to children's education.
B.How to know the levels of parental participation in Mexican schools.
C.Why schools failed to provide chances for parents to get involved.
D.Why parents played a less active role in school education in Mexico.
7.What influence did Mexico's education reform have
A.The number of parental-participation programs rose.
B.Many non-profit educational organizations were set up.
C.Teachers' role in school education started to get increased.
D.Parents began to attach importance to children's education.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 5　EDUCATION
Part 4　LESSON 3 UNDERSTANDING
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.worthy　2.analysis　3.beneficial　4.respected
Ⅱ.1.to start with　2.go against　3.at times　4.put forward
5.approve of
Ⅲ.1.obviously　考查副词。分析句子结构可知,and后面是一个分句,设空处作状语修饰这个分句,应用副词。故填obviously。句意:销量下滑了,显然我们宁愿那种事没有发生。
2.to　考查固定搭配。owe...to...意为“把……归功于……”,为固定搭配。故填介词to。句意:像肯德基这样的快餐店受欢迎也许要归功于一个事实,那就是通常等(餐)的时间短。
3.approval　考查名词。空前为形容词public,空后为省略关系代词that或which的定语从句“they get online”,所以设空处应用名词。故填approval。句意:一项研究发现,现在许多年轻人通过他们在网上获得多少公众认可——通常是通过“赞”——来估量自己的地位。
4.that　考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导同位语从句,解释说明assumption的内容。从句不缺成分且意思完整,故填that。句意:他的观点建立在人人平等的假设之上。
5.sent　考查非谓语动词。此处为get sth. done结构,故填sent。 句意:我准备在玛丽生日那天把我的玩具娃娃给她送去。
6.to send　考查非谓语动词。get sb. to do sth.意为“派遣某人做某事”。句意:下课后,老师让我们班长把她的书送到办公室。
Ⅳ.1.is beneficial to　2.①urge;to take care　②urge;be careful　3.with nobody noticing him　4.it is vital that teachers should encourage　5.not only helps people;but also teaches
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.for　考查介词。名词search 常与介词for搭配,the search for...意为“对……的探索”。句意:培根真正的兴趣不是政府低效的工作方式,而是对知识的有价值的探索。
2.that　考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导同位语从句,解释说明idea的内容。从句不缺成分且意思完整,故填that。句意:伽利略·伽利莱证明了“地球不是宇宙的中心”的观点。
3.is　考查时态和主谓一致。根据常识可知,引号内的内容是真理,应使用一般现在时,且the Earth为第三人称单数,故填is。
4.to ignore　考查动词不定式。tend后面常接不定式作宾语,tend to do sth.意为“往往会做某事”。故填to ignore。句意:教会和许多人往往会忽视事实,不想质疑他们一直笃信的东西。
5.comfortably　考查副词。设空处修饰had always believed,应使用副词。故填comfortably。
6.It　考查it作形式主语。分析句子结构可知,设空处为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句。故填It。句意:人们愿意相信这些原始的看法,尤其是当它们由名人提出时,这一点并不令人惊讶。
7.of　考查介词。approve作“赞成”讲时是不及物动词,后面要加of才能接宾语。故填of。句意:起初,人们赞成伽利莱的研究,并敦促他继续下去,但后来当他证明亚里士多德错了的时候,他们变得愤怒,并把他关进了监狱。
8.grew　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知,设空处和put并列作谓语,时间状语从句使用了一般过去时,所以此处也应用一般过去时。故填grew。
9.assumption　考查名词。空格前为定冠词the,空格后为that引导的同位语从句,所以设空处应用名词。故填assumption。句意:人们做出假设,如果某个重要的、受尊敬的人说某件事是对的,那么这件事一定是对的。
10.respected　考查形容词。分析句子成分可知,设空处与and前的important并列,作someone的后置定语,所以也用形容词。根据语境可知,此处表示“受尊敬的”,故填respected。
易错归因　
　　本题易错填respectful。respectful意为“表示敬意的;恭敬的”,一般用于晚辈对长辈,与语境不符。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的教育模式——工作室学校。
1.making　考查动名词。设空处作介词in的宾语,应使用动名词形式,故填making。句意:Geoff Mulgan认为解决办法在于让学习变得更有意义。
2.that/which　考查定语从句。句意:他的研究表明,需要一种新的教育模式——一种将学生正在学习的内容与他们自己对未来的计划联系起来的模式。分析句子可知,设空处无提示词,空前为名词model,此处缺少主语,故推测设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词model,关系词在从句中作主语,故填that或which。
3.helped　考查时态。根据时间状语in 2010可知,此处应使用一般过去时,故填helped。
4.is done　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:大约80%的课程不是通过坐在教室里完成的,而是通过现实生活中的实践项目,包括在当地企业工作。设空处作谓语,the curriculum与do之间是被动关系,且此处陈述一般事实,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是About 80 percent of the curriculum,谓语应用第三人称单数形式,故填is done。
5.but　考查连词。not...but...是固定搭配,意为“不是……而是……”,故填but。
6.instruction　 考查名词。句意:这个不同的方法也包括更加个性化的教学和支持。设空处与support并列作宾语,应用名词形式,instruction表示“教学”时是不可数名词,故填instruction。
7.smaller　考查形容词比较级。句意:工作室学校比传统学校更小……。由than可知,此处应用比较级形式,故填smaller。
8.personal　考查形容词。句意:每个学生有一个私人教练,帮助他或她制订一个计划,来实现他们的学习目标。设空处作定语,修饰名词coach,应用形容词,故填personal。
9.to perform　考查不定式。句意:有了更明确的目标,学生们变得更加坚定要在学校表现良好。become determined to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“决心做某事”,故填to perform。
10.of　考查介词。句意:工作室学校把团队合作和实践项目放在学习的核心。the heart of...意为“……的核心”,故填of。
【高频词汇】　1.involved adj.专心于……的;参与的　2.solution n.解决办法　3.relevant adj.有意义的;紧密相关的　4.combine A with B把A和B结合起来 5.value v.珍视　6.determined adj.决心,决定;坚决的
【差距词汇】　personalized adj.个性化的
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读　这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了成人教育的几项课程。
1.D　细节理解题。根据Web Design部分中的“Students completing the course will receive the diploma in Advanced Web Design.”可知,学生在学完网页设计这项课程后可以获得文凭,即官方证书。故选D。
2.B　细节理解题。根据Computer Studies部分中的“This six-week course will give you an understanding of computer fundamentals”和Woodwork中的“Learn the basics of woodworking with simple hands-on projects”可知,在这两项课程中,学习的都是基础知识,故这两项课程适合初学者。故选B。
3.B　细节理解题。根据Woodwork中的“Time: Mon. 5 pm-7 pm　Cost:$30 per lesson　Length: 12 weeks”可知,每周只有一节课,总共12节课,每节课费用是30美元,总共花费是360美元,所以学完一半的课程需要花费180美元。故选B。
【高频词汇】　1.hands-on adj.亲身实践的　2.flexible adj.灵活的;有弹性的　3.advanced adj.高级的 4.accepted adj.公认的　5.practical adj.切实可行的
【差距词汇】　established adj.著名的,成名的
长难句　
原句　Each lesson explores a different area of woodworking that will provide you with the skills needed for any woodworking project.
分析　本句是主从复合句。that引导定语从句,修饰先行词a different area of woodworking,关系词在从句中作主语。“needed for any woodworking project”是过去分词短语作定语,修饰名词skills。
译文　每节课都探索不同的木工领域,为你提供任何木工项目所需的技能。
B
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Luis Reynoso参加他最小的女儿所在学校的一个为期九周的“让我们改变方针”项目后收获匪浅,同时介绍了在墨西哥家长对孩子教育的参与度很低的原因,说明了家长在孩子教育中发挥积极作用的重要性。
4.B　词义猜测题。由第一段第一句可知,Reynoso自认为他总是参与女儿的各种教育活动,由第二句句首的But可知,前后为转折关系,由此可推知参加完学校的项目后他有了与之前不同的认识,转变为觉得自己并没有真正参与,结合第二段可知他过去的努力只触及了表面。故选B。
5.B　细节理解题。根据关键词“most beneficial”定位至第二段第二句,由此可知Reynoso认为Let's Change the Course项目最有用的是让他了解到不同时期孩子的学业要求,故选B。
6.D　 主旨大意题。本段结构如图所示:
由图可知,在墨西哥家长参与教育的水平低的两个原因:①家长认为孩子的教育是学校的工作,一是本身缺乏教育无法贡献,二是觉得自己交学费就是参与了;②学校忽略了家长在孩子教育中的潜能。由此可知,本段主要讲述为什么家长在墨西哥的学校教育中扮演了一个不那么积极的角色,故选D。
7.A　推理判断题。根据关键词education reform定位至第四段第二句。由此可知,墨西哥2013年全国教育改革的一部分强调了家长在孩子教育中发挥更积极作用的重要性,鼓励增加家长参与的项目。由最后一段可知,教师、家长和校长的角色已经不能再分开了。由此可推断,墨西哥全国教育改革的影响是使得家长参与的项目的数量增加了。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.organize v.组织　2.participation n.参与
3.theme n.主题　4.confidence n.自信　5.ignore v.忽视;不理睬　6.advocate n.支持者 v.提倡
【熟词生义】　view v.看待
【差距词汇】　1.session n.课程　2.home in on把……集中于;朝向
长难句　
原句　And even in private schools, where there might be more adults with fixed jobs, the participation is very rare, with some parents viewing their tuition bill as their educational contribution.
分析　此句是主从复合句。句子主干为“the participation is very rare”,where引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词private schools, with的复合结构作伴随状语。
译文　即使在私立学校,那里可能有更多的有稳定工作的成年人,参与也很少见,有些父母认为他们交的学费就是教育贡献。
7