Unit 4 Exploring poetry单元精讲精练课件-译林版选择性必修一

(共67张PPT)
高频词汇精讲
　　Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp...即使你似乎无法理解它的真正
含义…… (教材P44)
情景导学
An agreement to end the war seemed within their grasp.结束战争的协议似乎在他们的把握之
中。
　　If the meaning is beyond your grasp, you can ask the teacher for help.如果你理解不了意思,
你可以向老师寻求帮助。 写作·学习建议
高频词汇 情景破
词汇1 grasp n.理解,领会;抓紧,握紧,控制;能力所及 vt.抓紧;领会,理解
They must have a good grasp of their country’s position on security in the international organiza-
tion.他们必须很好地掌握本国在国际组织中关于安全的立场。
用法归纳
名①have a good grasp 　　 ...很好地掌握……;精通……
②　　 sb.’s grasp为某人所能及
③　　 sb.’s grasp某人不能理解;为某人所不能及
动④grasp an/the opportunity抓住机会
of　
within
beyond
　　Third, if you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem even with much painstak-
ing effort, just have some patience.第三,如果你即使下了很大的功夫还是在努力理解一首诗的
意思,那就耐心一点吧。 (教材P45)
情景导学
Teachers should have patience with the students.老师应该对学生有耐心。 写作·师生关系
With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a combination of artificial breeding
and natural reproduction.在他们的耐心和努力下,他们成功地把人工繁殖和自然繁殖结合起
来。 (2019江苏)
　　Having explained the question many times, Henry lost patience with his slow brother and
began to complain.在解释了这个问题许多次之后,亨利对他那迟钝的弟弟失去了耐心,开始抱
怨。 读后续写·情绪描写
词汇2 patience n.耐心,忍耐力
用法归纳
①have patience 　　 sb. 对某人有耐心
②　　 /run out of patience (with...)(对……) 失去耐心
③　　 patience 耐心地
词汇拓展
①patient adj. 有耐心的;能忍耐的 n.病人
be patient with... 对……有耐心
She is very patient with young children. 她对幼儿特别有耐心。
②patiently adv.耐心地
③impatient adj. 不耐烦的;没有耐心的
④impatience n.不耐烦
with
lose
with
　　...when you finally make your great discovery, your efforts will be rewarded. ……当你最终
有了重大发现时,你的努力将得到回报。 (教材P45)
情景导学
A day’s work was rewarded with ￡5 in pocket money.一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖
励。 (2023全国甲)
　　The English teacher wanted to reward her students for their good performance and great
progress in the exam.因学生们在考试中的良好表现和巨大的进步,英语老师想奖励他们。
　　A bonus of up to five percent can be added to a student’s final exam score as a reward for
good performance.作为对优异表现的奖励,多达5%的加分可以加到学生期末考试成绩中。
词汇3 reward vt.奖励,奖赏 n.奖励,回报;悬赏金
用法归纳
动①reward sb./sth. 　　 ...用……奖励/回报某人/某事
②reward sb. 　　 (doing) sth.因(做)某事而奖励某人
名③　　 a reward (for...) 作为(对……的)奖励
④in reward for... 为了报答……,作为对……的奖励
词汇拓展
rewarding adj. (指活动等)值得做的,有益的;报酬高的
Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding.了解每种植物的需求是
非常有益的。 (2023全国乙)
　with　
for　
as
award 多指奖励在某个领域或工作中取得成就或成绩突出的人,常由评委经过认真考虑颁发奖项、奖金
reward 多指对某人的帮助、工作或服务等的酬谢,可以是金钱,也可以是物品或精神奖励
prize 多指在竞赛或抽奖中所赢得的奖品
易混辨析
　　Instead, they advocated going back to nature.相反,他们提倡回归自然。 (教材P48)
情景导学
Some educators advocated that children should be praised for their great performance.有些教育
家主张,孩子们应该因他们的出色表现而受到表扬。
Since its accession to the WTO, China has been a strong advocate for free trade.自加入世界贸易
组织以来,中国一直是自由贸易的坚定倡导者。
LoveFone, which opened a mini workshop in London in 2016, advocates repairing cellphones
rather than abandoning them. LoveFone提倡维修手机而不是丢弃手机,2016年,该公司在伦敦
开设了一个迷你车间。
词汇4 advocate vt.拥护,支持,提倡 n.拥护者,支持者;辩护律师
用法归纳
动①advocate (　　 ) sth.提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事
②Sb./Sth. advocate that.../It is advocated that...(某人/某物)主张……(从句谓语用“should+动
词原形”,should可以省略)
名③an advocate 　　 /of...……的拥护者/支持者
词汇拓展
advocacy n.提倡,拥护,支持
doing
for
　　The poets also wrote about individual feelings and beliefs.诗人也写到了个人的感受和信
仰。 (教材P48)
情景导学
These things cost $3,000 in all, which was beyond belief.这些东西总共花了3,000美元,这难以
置信。
This belief in “post-industrial society” has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing
sector, with negative consequences for their economies.这种对“后工业化社会”的信心导致
那些国家忽视了本国的制造业,对本国经济造成了负面影响。 (2019江苏)
词汇5 belief n.看法,信念;信仰;相信,信心
用法归纳
①belief　　 ... 对……的信心
②　　 belief难以置信
③in the belief that... 认为/相信……
词汇拓展
believe v.相信;认为
believe in sb.信任/信赖某人;相信某人会成功
believe in sb./sth.相信某人/某物的存在
believe it or not信不信由你
It is believed that...=Sb./Sth. be believed to do...据信……;据认为……
If you believe in yourself, you will get good grades on your exams.如果你相信你自己,你会
in　
beyond
获得好的考试成绩。
It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为,教学既
是一门科学,也是一门艺术。
　　And having perhaps the better claim也许有更好的理由 (教材P50)
情景导学
He made a claim for 3,000 yuan after his car was hit.他的汽车被撞后,他索赔三千元。
You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged.如果货物有损坏,你可以要求退款。
The doctor claimed to have discovered a cure for the disease.这名医生声称已经发现了治疗这
种疾病的方法。
Some experts claim that more of us will be wearing glasses in the future because of our unhealthy
lifestyle.一些专家称,由于我们不健康的生活方式,未来会有更多的人戴眼镜。
词汇6 claim n.声明,宣称;所有权;索赔,要求 vt.宣称,声称;要求;索取;获得
用法归纳
名①make a claim (　　 ...) 索赔(……)
②make claims宣称;索赔
动③claim sth.　　 要回某物
④claim sth. from sb. 向某人索要某物
⑤claim to do sth. 声称做某事
⑥claim 　　　　 　 sth.声称做过某事
⑦claim (that)... 声称……
⑧It is claimed that... 据称……
for　
back　
to have done
This open and tolerant atmosphere allowed Li Bai the liberty to develop a free and unconstrained
personality...这种开放而包容的氛围使李白得以自由地养成了随性不羁的性格…… (教材P
54)
情景导学
The plants are more tolerant of dry conditions.这些植物更耐旱。
Luckily, my parents are tolerant of my choice of music.幸运的是,我的父母对我选择的音乐很
宽容。 写作·亲子关系
词汇7 tolerant adj.宽容的,容忍的;能耐……的
用法归纳
①be tolerant　　 /towards...对……宽容;容忍……
②be tolerant　　 ...耐……
词汇拓展
①tolerate vt. 容忍;容许,允许
tolerate (sb.) doing sth.容许(某人)做某事
She refused to tolerate being called a liar. 她拒不接受被称为撒谎者。
②tolerance n. 宽容;容忍;忍耐力
tolerance of/for... 对……的容忍/宽容
She had no tolerance for jokes of any kind. 她容不得开任何玩笑。
of
of
Equally impressive is Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings...which distinguishes him from
other landscape poets.同样令人叹服的是李白对强烈情感的恣意抒发……这让他与其他的山
水诗人迥然有别。(教材P54)
情景导学
It is this that distinguishes humans from machines.就是这个把人类和机器区分开来。 (2023
浙江1月)
Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a
new study.根据一项新的研究,狗也许确实能够分辨人类高兴和生气的面部表情。 (2021浙
江)
词汇8 distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征,使有别于;区分,辨别;认出;使出众
用法归纳
①distinguish 　　 A and B 区分A和B
②distinguish A　 　 B 把A与B区分开;使A有别于B
词汇拓展
①distinguished adj. 卓越的;杰出的;著名的
The scientist is distinguished in many areas of knowledge. 这位科学家在许多知识领域中都
是杰出的。
写作·杰出人物
②distinguishable adj. 可区别的;可辨别的
It was getting light and shapes were more distinguishable.天亮了起来,形状可以看得更清楚
了。
between
from
　　The poem below, written in his fifties, is representative of his romantic style...下面这首诗
是他五十多岁时所作,是其浪漫主义风格的代表…… (教材P54)
情景导学
The phone boxes representative of an age are now making something of a comeback.代表一个时
代的公用电话亭现在又卷土重来了。 (2020江苏)
Tea culture is a representative of traditional culture, which is of great charm and huge value.茶文
化是传统文化的代表,具有巨大的魅力和价值。 写作·传统文化
词汇9 representative adj.典型的,有代表性的n.典型人物,代表性人物;代表
用法归纳
①be representative　　 ... 代表……
②a representative　　 ... ……的代表
词汇拓展
represent v.代表;维护……的利益;相当于;展示,描绘,展现
represent...as... 把……描绘成……
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing.胡同代表北京市的一个
重要的文化元素。 (2023浙江1月)
of
of
　　Are losing theirs and blaming it on you失去理智,归咎于你 (教材P55)
情景导学
These biased perspectives cannot be blamed on one single cause.这些有偏见的观点不能归咎于
单一的原因。 (2023北京)
A dropped cigarette end is being blamed for the fire.一个丢弃的烟头被指为引起这场火灾的罪
魁祸首。
It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted.
尼克·伯奇尔被列入黑名单,海边的鸟至少应该承担部分责任。 (2021全国甲)
词汇10 blame vt.把……归咎于,责怪,指责 n.责任,责备,指责
用法归纳
动①be to blame (for...)(对……)负有责任
②blame sb./sth.　　 sth.因某事责怪某人/某物
③blame sth.　　 sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事物
名④the blame 　　 (doing) sth.(做)某事的责任
⑤lay/put the blame for sth. on sb.把某事归咎于某人
⑥take the blame 承担责任
for
on　
for
词汇 释义 用法& 拓展
frozen adj.结冰的,冰封的;冷冻的;冻僵的 freeze v.(froze;frozen)(使)冻结;结冰;冰冻;严寒;(因害怕等)停住不动;惊呆;吓呆
freeze one’s blood/make one’s blood freeze使人恐怖万分;令人毛骨悚然
freezing adj.极冷的;冰冻的
高频词汇积累
contradictory adj.相互矛盾的,对立的 be contradictory to...与……相矛盾/对立
contradict vt.& vi.反驳;批驳;与……矛盾
contradiction n.反驳;矛盾
interpret vt.解释,阐释;把……理解为,领会;演绎 vi.口译 interpret sth. as sth.把……理解为……
interpret for sb.为某人作口译
interpretation n.解释; 说明;理解
interpreter n.口译员
aside adv.到旁边,在旁边;留,存;除……以外 aside from...除了……外(都);除了……外(还)
set sth. aside把……放一边;留出
reality n.现实,实际情况;事实,实际经历 in reality事实上
real adj.真的, 真正的
realize vt.实现;意识到;了解
realistic adj.现实的;逼真的
undergo vt.(underwent,undergone)经
历,经受(变化、不快的事等) undergo tests/trials经受考验
undergo repairs接受检修
近　go through经历
bend vt.& vi.(bent,bent)(使)拐弯,弯
曲 n.拐弯,弯道 bend one’s head/knees低下头/膝盖弯曲
bend over俯身于……前
bend down弯腰
Bailey then bent down to let
Lenoue climb onto her back.然后Bailey弯下腰让Lenoue爬到她背上。(2023新课标Ⅰ)
dare vt.& vi.敢于,胆敢;激(某人做
某事) modal v.敢于 dare (to) do sth.敢于做某事
dare sb. to do sth.激某人做某事;向某人挑战
dare可用作情态动词,主要用于否定句和疑问句,没有人称变化,但有过去式,后接不带to
的动词不定式。
characterize (characterise) vt.是……的特征,以……为典型;使……具有特点;描述,刻画 be characterized by...以……为特征
character n.性格,特点;文字
characteristic adj.特有的; 典型的 n.特性, 特色, 特征
encounter vt.偶然碰到,意外地遇见;遭
遇,碰到 n.相遇,遭遇,冲突 an encounter with...与……的邂逅
近　come across偶然碰到
cast vt.(cast,cast)投射;向……投以
(视线、笑容等);投;抛;选派
角色 n.全体演员;投,抛 cast a glance/look at/toward...朝……瞥了一眼/瞧了瞧
cast sb. as...选某人演……角色
be cast down (by sth.)(因某事)沮丧
cast light on...使……较容易理解
owe vt.欠(情);欠(债);归功于 owe sb. sth./owe sth. to sb.欠某人某物
owe sth. to sb./sth.把某事归功于某人或某事
owe it to sb. to do...该为某人做……
debt n.人情债,情义,恩情;借款,欠
款,债务;负债情况 pay off debts还清债务
in debt负债
out of debt不负债
debtor n.债务人,借方
make allowance for 体谅;考虑到,估计到 The plan makes no allowance for people working at different rates.这个计划没有把人们工作速度不同考虑在内。
allowance n.津贴,补助;限额;零花钱
　　Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape.第二,接近
这首诗,就好像你是一个在陌生景致中的探险者。 (教材P44)
情景导学
He cleared his throat as if (he was) to say something.他清了清嗓子,好像要说什么似的。
读后续写·动作描写
He speaks English perfectly as if/though he had lived in England for many years.他英语讲得好
极了,好像在英国生活了很多年一样。
He throws his arms and legs out as if he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement.他伸出胳膊
和腿,好像在飞似的,眼睛兴奋地睁得大大的。 (2022浙江)
经典结构 情境破
结构1 as if引导方式状语从句
用法归纳
　　①as if意为“仿佛;好像”,一般可由as though代替,可以引导方式状语从句。
②当as if引导的从句的谓语含有be动词,从句的主语又和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it
时,从句中的主语和be动词往往可以　　 。
③as if引导的从句有时会用　　 语气。表示与现在的事实相反时,从句谓语动词用一般过
去时(be动词常用were);表示与过去的事实相反时,从句谓语动词用过去完成时;表示与将来
事实相反时,从句谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。
结构拓展
　　as if/though也可在look、seem等系动词后引导表语从句。
It seems as if/though the weather may pick up very soon.天气似乎很快就会转好。
He looked as if/though he had been hit by lightning.他看上去就像被闪电击中了一样。
省略　
虚拟
Given his personal experiences and the historical background, it is only natural to see that the ma-
jority of Li Bai’s poems are characterized by the romantic style.鉴于李白的个人经历和所处的
时代背景,我们可以很自然地看到,他的大部分诗歌具有浪漫主义风格。 (教材P54)
情景导学
Given your busy schedule, I’d appreciate it if you could offer some professional advice.考虑到
你很忙碌,如果你能给予一些专业建议,我将不胜感激。 写作·求助信
Given that this is a holiday, it is not a surprise that the parks are crowded.考虑到今天是假期,公
园里挤满人也就不足为奇了。 读后续写·场景描写
结构2 given的用法
用法归纳
　　①given用作　　 词,表示“考虑到;鉴于”,given后接名词或名词短语,相当于consider-
ing。
②given后一般可跟　　 引出从句,意为“在……的情况下;考虑到……”。
介
that
Sentence 1
长难句 图解
译文　即使它的真正含义似乎超出了你的理解范围,当你大声读这首诗时,你总是可以说出
它听起来是怎样的。
让步状语
宾语
Sentence 2
译文　随着你慢慢地探索你的环境,你会开始发现一些线索,它们让你更好地理解这首诗。
定语
Sentence 3
译文　解读诗歌可能很难,但我喜欢诗歌的是它让我好奇,有时它就像我想破解的一个谜
语,或者我想回答的一个问题。
主语
表语
Sentence 4
译文　这首早期的诗在“恐惊天上人”等表达中有着惊人的想象力,已经显示出浪漫主义
风格的迹象,这是后来李白的诗歌的特点。
状语
非限制性定语
Sentence 5
译文　同样令人印象深刻的是李白对强烈情感的自由表达,这为他描绘的无生命的物体注
入了活力,也使他有别于其他山水诗人。
定语
非谓语动词综述
　　非谓语动词通常指动词不定式,动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式,在句中可用作主语、宾
语、表语、定语、状语和补足语。见下表:
必备语法 情境破
形式 功能 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补足语
动词 不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √
动词-ing 形式 √ √ √ √ √ √
动词-ed 形式 √ √ √ √
一、非谓语动词作主语:动词不定式与动词-ing形式
情景导学
It is unwise of you to stay up late every day.你每天熬夜是不明智的。
It is no good pretending to know what you do not know.不懂装懂没好处。
Being laughed at in public made me embarrassed.当众被人嘲笑让我感到尴尬。
To enter a good university for further study is my goal now.进入一所好大学深造是我现在的目
标。
用法归纳
(1)动词不定式和动词-ing形式都可以在句中作主语。动词不定式作主语时常可用形式主语
①　　 代替,动词不定式置于后面。
(2)动词-ing形式作主语时有时也用形式主语②　　 代替,动词-ing形式置于后面。
特别提醒
动词不定式作主语多表示某一次具体的动作或将来的动作,动词-ing形式作主语多表示一种
抽象的或泛指的动作。
二、非谓语动词作宾语:动词不定式与动词-ing形式
情景导学1
Sarah pretended to be cheerful, saying nothing about the argument.萨拉假装很高兴,没有对这次
争论进行评论。
it
it
You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.你会想回顾你的旅程,看
看你已经走了多远。 (2023新课标Ⅱ)
He feels/thinks it important to learn English well, but finds it difficult to remember the words.他
认为学好英语很重要,但是发现记单词很难。
用法归纳1
(1)在afford、agree、arrange、choose、claim、desire、expect、fail、hope、intend、offer、
pretend、promise、refuse、wish、want、decide等动词后,常接③　　　　　 作宾语。
(2)在find、think、consider、feel、make、believe等动词后,常用④　　 作形式宾语,而把真
正的宾语动词不定式后置。
情景导学2
The thief kept on running to avoid being caught by the policeman.那个小偷不停地跑,以避免被
警察抓住。
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques.许多人
有收集东西的爱好,如邮票、明信片或古董。
动词不定式
it
用法归纳2
(1)在advise、admit、avoid、consider、deny、enjoy、finish、practise、suggest、tolerate、
imagine、resist等动词及burst out、give up、insist on、keep on、put off等短语后,常接⑤　
　 　　 作宾语。
(2)介词后一般只接⑥　　　　　 作宾语。
特别提醒
短语中to是介词的有:be used to习惯于……;object to 反对……;devote oneself to致力于……;
stick to坚持……;pay attention to注意……;look forward to期盼……;adapt to适应……;adjust to
适应……;be addicted to对……上瘾。
情景导学3
I like singing.=I like to sing.我喜欢唱歌。
动词-ing形式
动词-ing形式
It started raining.=It started to rain.开始下雨了。
用法归纳3
在⑦　　 、love、begin、start等动词后,既可以接动词不定式作宾语,也可以接动词-
ing形式作宾语,且二者区别不大,常可以交换使用。
情景导学4
I remember seeing him before.我记得以前见过他。
Next time you visit him, remember to give him a call in advance.下次你拜访他时,记得要先给
他打个电话。
It’s apparent that he forgets locking the door.显然他忘记锁过门了。
The day passed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry.这一天过得很快,我甚
至忘了吃午饭,直到我感到饿了。
like
用法归纳4
在⑧　　 、forget、try、mean、regret等动词后,既可以接动词不定式作宾语,也可以
接动词-ing形式作宾语,但二者意义不同。如下:





remember
三、非谓语动词作表语:动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式
情景导学1
All I did was (to) give him a little push.我只是轻轻地推了他一下。
My hope is for all children to band together.我希望所有孩子团结起来。
My dream is to become a doctor after my graduation from university.我的梦想是大学毕业后当
一名医生。
The aim of the talent show is to enrich students’ extra-curricular activities.这次才艺秀的目的是
丰富学生们的课外活动。
用法归纳1
(1)动词不定式可以在句中作表语,说明主语所指的内容,且可以带逻辑主语。
(2)句子的主语是⑨　　 、goal、aim、purpose、plan、hope等表示意向、打算、计划的名
词时,常用动词不定式作表语。
(3)当主语部分含有动词do的某种形式时,动词不定式的符号to可以⑩　　 。
情景导学2
This is asking for trouble.这是自找麻烦。
The idea is surprising.这个主意令人吃惊。
I felt really surprised when she told me the exciting news.当她告诉我这个令人兴奋的消息
时,我感到非常惊讶。
You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.你会遇到障碍,有时你会感到气
dream
省略
馁。 (2023新课标Ⅱ)
用法归纳2
动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式可以在句中作表语,说明主语的特征或者状态,动词-ing形式
还可以表示主语所指的 　　 。
四、非谓语动词作定语:动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式
情景导学1
I have no time to go to the movies.我没有时间去看电影。
I have a meeting to attend tomorrow.我明天有个会议要参加。
She is looking for a house to live in.她正在找房子住。
The building to be built in the square will be a new library.广场上要建的大楼将是一座新的图
书馆。
Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree.四年后,
内容
她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性。 (2023全国乙)
用法归纳1
动词不定式作定语常表示 　　　 发生的事,一般放在被修饰词的后面,可以有被动形
式。主要用法如下:
(1)当被修饰词是序数词、最高级或被序数词、最高级、the only、the next等修饰时,常用动
词不定式作定语。
(2)修饰抽象名词chance、opportunity、way、ability、plan、time等时,常用动词不定式作定
语。
(3)用在固定句型“sb. have sth. to do”中,表示“某人有某事要做”。
(4)动词不定式中的动词若为不及物动词,其后须有与之搭配的介词。
情景导学2
The boy standing there is my friend.站在那里的男孩是我的朋友。
将要
Jack cleared the fallen leaves on the ground.杰克清理了地上的落叶。
Do you see the house being built over there 你看到那边正在建的房子了吗
Many students like to read novels written in English.许多学生喜欢读用英语写的小说。
用法归纳2
(1)动词-ing形式作定语常表示 　　　 发生的事,可以有被动形式。动词-ing形式作定语表
示某种用途时,一般放在被修饰词前。
(2)动词-ed形式作定语常表示 　　　 发生的事或表示被动意义。
特别提醒
有些动词-ed形式作定语时仅表示完成不表示被动意义,如fallen leaves(落叶)。
五、非谓语动词作状语:动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式
情景导学1
Susan came to see me.苏珊来看我。
He arrived there only to find the meeting had been over.他赶到那里却发现会议已经结束了。
The child is old enough to dress himself.孩子年纪足够大了,可以自己穿衣服了。
已经
正在
In order to keep warm, we shut all the windows.为了保持温暖,我们关上了所有的窗户。
用法归纳1
动词不定式作状语可以表示 　　　 或结果。主要用法如下:
(1)动词不定式可以单独作目的状语,有时为了突出和强调目的性,在动词不定式前可以加上
in order (not)、so as (not),但so as (not) to do不可以位于句首。
(2)动词不定式作状语表示结果时,常用在too...to...、...enough to...、so/such...as to...结构中。
有时可指出人意料的结果,这时动词不定式前常加上only,以加强语气。
情景导学2
I sat there waiting for him.我坐在那里等他。
Deeply moved, I decided to follow his example.深受感动,我决定以他为榜样。
Having finished their work, they had a good rest.完成他们的工作后,他们好好休息了一下。
Compared with you, we still have a long way to go.和你相比,我们还有很长的路要走。
目的
用法归纳2
(1)动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、伴随等意义。
(2)动词-ing形式具有 　　 意义,动词-ed形式具有被动意义。
(3)动词-ing形式作状语可用 　　 ,表示该动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。
六、非谓语动词作补足语:动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式
情景导学
He warned us to be careful.他警告我们要小心。
I saw him crossing the street.我看见他正在穿过那条街。
How would you like your hair (to be) cut 你想剪什么样的发型
We can always expect him to help us.我们总能指望他帮助我们。
I saw him cross the street and enter a shop.我看见他穿过那条街然后进了一家商店。
完成式
主动
We must get our work finished by 10 o’clock.我们必须在10点前完成我们的工作。
用法归纳
(1)在 　　 、forbid、force、order、permit、require、warn、would like等动词后,常接
“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构,其中动词不定式作补足语。
(2)在 　　 、hear、notice、watch、feel等动词后,可以接不带to的动词不定式作补足语,
表示动作的整个过程;也可以接动词-ing形式作补足语,表示动作正在进行。
(3)动词-ed形式作补足语常表示被动意义。
特别提醒
expect、would like等表示“意愿”的动词后的宾语补足语如果用的是to be done,可省略to
be,从而使语气显得更加坚决。
see
expect
即时巩固讲
单句语法填空
1.(2023全国甲)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 　　　　 (intend) for
everyone.
2.(2023北京)When 　　　　 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
3.(2023北京)Her efforts have encouraged others 　　　　 (take) part by running through a
global campaign called “Run Blue”.
4.(2023全国乙)In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, 　　　　 (describe)
her life as a physician.
5.(2023全国乙)Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831-1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before
　　　 (study) in medical college in Boston in 1860.
intended
seen
to take
describing
studying
6.(2023全国乙)　　 　　 (be) at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of pho-
tography.
7.(2023全国乙)I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid
　　　 (miss) the moment I am attempting to photograph.
8.(2023新课标Ⅰ)The task John set for himself was 　　　　 (remove) harmful substances
from some sludge (污泥).
9.(2023浙江1月)My dad commented on how silly it was for me 　　　　 (carry) jars every-
where.
10.(2022新高考Ⅱ)I promise not　　　　 (let) it go to my head.
11.(2022全国甲)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步) 40 days to Xi an,
as a first step 　　　　 (journey) the Belt and Road route(路线) by foot.
to carry
Being/To be
missing
to remove
to let
to journey
12.(2022北京)He’d need time 　　 　　 (recover), and wouldn’t come for class the next day, I
thought.
13.(2022全国乙)　　　　 (select)from collections throughout the world, it is the first major
exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
14.As a curious teenager, I look forward to 　　 　　 (explore) the universe and discovering its
truths.
15.With her attention　　　　 (fix) on the book, the girl sat there quietly.
to recover
Selected
exploring
fixed