译林版选择性必修三Unit 2 Part 2 Grammar and usage & Integrated skills分层练习（含解析）

Unit 2　Out of this world
Part 2　Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He telephoned the travel 　　　　(代理处) to book three air tickets to London.
2.The Chinese nation is a big family which 　　　　 (包含) 56 ethnic groups living in harmony with each other.
3.Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈) is 　　　　 (至关重要的) to growth.
4.The brain accounts for m　　　 three percent of body weight.
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
1.It is obvious　　　　　smartphones play an important role in our daily life.
2.　　　　　 the watch belongs to is unknown.
3.But 　　　　　 exactly they acquire such intention-reading abilities will be an exciting topic for future research.
4.It is uncertain 　　　　　 he can come to Jenny's birthday party or not.
5. 　　　　　 suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys inside just as the door clicked shut.
6.　　　　　 she will leave for London hasn't been decided. Maybe tomorrow, maybe next week.
7.　　　　　 excited me most was something that happened during our military training.
8.　　　　　 many countries still face food shortages remains a big problem.
9.　　　　　 wants to come along is welcome to join us.
10.　　　　　 John was late for the class was still unexplained.
11.It is a fact　　　　　these national parks have obtained financial support from tourist companies.
12.　　　　　 caused the accident remains unknown.
13.　　　　　 the English evening will be held has not been decided yet.
14.　　　　　 part of the country he will travel to needs discussing.
15.“Sometimes 　　　　　 surprises me that it works so well,” he says.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.优势显而易见,所以你不需要犹豫。(plain)
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, so you don't need to hesitate.
2.中国空间站已全面建成,为未来的任务奠定了基础。
China's space station has been fully completed, which 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
3.I really appreciate your help and hope to have a chance to give it in return.(句型转换:强调画线部分)
→I really appreciate your help and　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 a chance to give it in return.
4.弗雷德决定定居北京,因为他被北京的文化深深地吸引了。(一句多译)
①Fred decided to settle in Beijing 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 its culture.(原因状语从句)
②　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 its culture, Fred decided to settle in Beijing.(过去分词短语作状语)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　An astronaut crew of private citizens has been launched to the International Space Station(ISS).The launch happened in Florida's Kennedy Space Center. The flight is the first to be organized and operated by a private company involving a completely commercial astronaut crew.
　　The four-member team will travel to the ISS inside a spacecraft built by American company SpaceX. The crew members are from the private company Axiom Space based in Houston, Texas. The group is led by retired NASA astronaut Michael Lopez-Alegria. The mission is called Ax-1. Lopez-Alegria will be joined by the mission pilot, Larry Conner, a businessman and private pilot from Ohio. The other members of the crew are Israeli fighter pilot Eytan Stibbe and Mark Pathy, a Canadian businessman. Stibbe and Pathy will serve as mission specialists.
　　NASA says it will cooperate with Axiom mission officials to plan joint activities involving the Axiom team and regular ISS crew members. Currently, there are three American astronauts aboard the ISS, along with a German astronaut and three Russian astronauts.
　　The launch is being praised as a turning point in the latest expansion of commercial space activities. Such activities have become known in the industry as the low-Earth orbit economy, or the “LEO economy”.
　　The latest mission's crew might seem similar to private space tourists who recently took space rides that did not reach orbit. The trips aim to fly private citizens to the edge of space and permit them to experience weightlessness and observe Earth.
　　But Axiom's executives(主管领导) say their mission is very different. “We are not space tourists,” Lopez-Alegria says. The Ax-1 team will be carrying equipment and supplies for 26 science and technology experiments. They include research on brain and heart health, cancer and aging.
　　Axiom's co-founder and executive chairman, Kam Ghaffarian, says he sees the launch as “the beginning of many beginnings for commercializing low-Earth orbit”. He adds, “We're like in the early days of the Internet, and we haven't even imagined all the possibilities and all the capabilities that we're going to be providing in space.”
1.Who have been launched from Florida's Kennedy Space Center to the ISS
A.The four-member private astronaut crew.
B.The four crew members from SpaceX.
C.The four professional astronauts.
D.The four private space tourists.
2.Who is the pilot of the mission Ax-1
A.Mark Pathy.　　　B.Larry Conner.　　　C.Eytan Stibbe.　　　D.Michael Lopez-Alegria.
3.Why does Lopez-Alegria say they are not space tourists
A.They will help with the astronauts' work in the ISS.　　　　　　B.They will experience weightlessness.
C.They will do scientific research in the ISS.　　　　　　D.They will just fly to the edge of space.
4.What does Kam think of the LEO economy
A.It is the beginning of space tourism.　　　B.It is just an imagination.
C.It is faced with more uncertainties.　　　D.It is a promising business.
Ⅱ.七选五
Keep a Moon Diary
　　Grab a notebook and your favorite pen or pencil, and you're ready to begin your very own Moon Diary. You'll discover all kinds of fascinating things about how the moon travels and it will cast new light on the various phases of the moon.
　　Before you start, you can collect together some books about the moon to learn about it. 　1　 And even though you are older, you can still try these kinds of books about the moon.
　　Start your Moon Diary by looking for the moon one night and recording all the things you notice. Note the date, time, and weather. Is the moon full Half full Or maybe gone entirely What color does it seem to be 　2　 Take time to look at the moon each night for four weeks. Every night, record what you see. Does the moon appear to be getting bigger Smaller Where does the moon appear in the sky Maybe record what natural sounds you hear when the moon is high in the sky!
　　　3　 Sometimes you will see the moon in the daytime, and at other times you may have to wait until night time for the moon to rise. You can check when the moon will rise each night by looking for the information online.
　　It takes about 28 days for the moon to make one complete orbit around the Earth. So after four weeks, you'll have completed your very own Moon Diary! 　4　 What do you notice How does the moon's shape change over time Is the moon rising earlier or later in the sky each day How does it affect the amount of light in the sky 　5　 See where the moon takes you!
A.Look back over what you wrote and drew.
B.You could draw a sad face in the box instead.
C.Write and draw your observations in your notebook.
D.Every day for a month, look up at the sky and find the moon.
E.Maybe you'll decide to keep going with your Moon Diary.
F.Picture books and storybooks are a great way to introduce a topic.
G.Calculate what shape the moon will be each night for the next month.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　From an early age, Parker always said that he would be an astronaut when he grew up. But no matter how hard he studied and took tests, he was never 　1　 to fly in space. Finally, he grew over the maximum age for taking the selection tests. In other words, he would never be able to fulfill his 　2　.
　　Thinking about all the time and　3　 Parker had put into being an astronaut, people felt 　4　 for him. Although he was told that he had to 　5　 his ambition, Parker continued training and studying, 　6　 he would have the tests the next month.
　　He　7　 as he got older, and when he was a very old man, he heard that they were doing some very vital medical experiments. For those experiments they needed a very 　8　astronaut. Parker, who walked with a stick, was the only old man in the whole world who was 　9　 to fly in a rocket. Therefore, Parker found himself flying in 　10　, all with the help of science. It was clear that the 　11　 gained during those missions helped to cure one of the worst diseases for old people, and Parker was 　12　 as a hero.
　　Photos of the astronaut with a walking stick and no teeth　13　 all over the world, and became a symbol of the sentence “You can never learn too much”. It shows that persistent effort always brings a(n) 　14　 even though it may not be in the form we had first 　15　.
1.A.noticed　　　B.selected
C.invited　　　D.permitted
2.A.dream　　　B.task
C.leisure　　　D.belief
3.A.reputation　　　B.power
C.effort　　　D.example
4.A.happy　　　B.sorry
C.nervous　　　D.crucial
5.A.ignore　　　B.forget
C.develop　　　D.abandon
6.A.so that　　　B.now that
C.as if　　　D.even though
7.A.carried on　　　B.took on
C.turned off　　　D.got off
8.A.sick　　　B.experienced
C.active　　　D.old
9.A.planned　　　B.trained
C.forced　　　D.refused
10.A.silence　　　B.danger
C.action　　　D.space
11.A.knowledge　　　B.friendship
C.money　　　D.opportunity
12.A.replaced　　　B.educated
C.praised　　　D.affected
13.A.moved　　　B.flew
C.spread　　　D.took
14.A.award　　　B.prize
C.result　　　D.reward
15.A.expected　　　B.guessed
C.suggested　　　D.proved
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.agency　2.comprises　3.crucial　4.merely
Ⅱ.1. that　句意:很明显,智能手机在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。分析句子可知,此处为“It is+adj.+that从句”句型,It作形式主语,that引导主语从句。故填that。
2.Whom/Who　句意:这块手表是谁的不得而知。分析句子可知,“　　　 the watch belongs to”作主语,主语从句中缺少belongs to的宾语,应用连接代词,故填Whom或Who。
3. how　句意:但他们究竟如何获得这种意图解读能力将是未来研究的一个令人兴奋的话题。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导主语从句,根据句意可知应用连接副词how引导,意为“如何”。
4. whether　句意:他是否能来参加珍妮的生日聚会还不确定。分析句子可知,It是形式主语,“　　　 he can...or not”是真正的主语,从句中不缺成分,结合句意和句中的or not可知,应用whether引导该主语从句。故填whether。
5. It　分析句子可知,that引导的从句作真正的主语,所以用代词it作形式主语,设空处位于句首,单词首字母大写。故填It。句意:就在门咔哒一声关上时,他突然想到自己把钥匙忘在了里面。
6.When　句意:她什么时候去伦敦还没有决定。也许明天,也许下周。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中充当主语从句的引导词,由“Maybe tomorrow, maybe next week.”可知,此处不确定的是时间,主语从句中缺少时间状语。故填When。
7. What　句意:最让我兴奋的是我们军训期间发生的某件事。分析句子结构可知,“　　　 excited me most”是主语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示“……的事情”,应用连接代词what,设空处位于句首,单词首字母大写。故填What。
8.That　句意:许多国家仍然面临粮食短缺,这仍然是一个大问题。分析句子可知,设空处引导主语从句,从句中不缺少句子成分,所以应用从属连词,此处句意完整。故填That。
9. Whoever　句意:欢迎任何想一起来的人加入我们。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导主语从句,并在从句中充当主语,所以应用连接代词。此处表示“任何……的人”,故填Whoever。
10.Why　句意:约翰为什么上课迟到仍不清楚。分析句子结构可知,“　　　John was late for the class”为主语从句,结合句意可知,从句中缺少原因状语。故填Why。
11.that　句意:这些国家公园得到了旅游公司的资金支持,这是事实。分析句子可知,此处为“It is+n.+that从句”句型,其中It作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句。故填that。
12. What/Who　句意:什么/谁造成了事故尚不清楚。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导主语从句,且在主语从句中作主语,结合此处语境可知,设空处指人或指物均可,所以用连接代词what或who均可,设空处位于句首,单词首字母大写。故填What或Who。
13.When/Where　句意:英语之夜在何时/哪里举行还没有决定。分析句子可知,“　　　 the English evening will be held”为主语从句,结合句意可知,主语从句中缺少时间状语或地点状语,故填When或Where。
14.Which　句意:他将去该国的哪个地区旅行需要讨论。分析句子结构可知,“　　　 part of the country he will travel to”是主语从句,设空处在从句中作定语,表示“哪一个”。故填Which。
15.it　考查代词。设空处无提示词,分析句子可知,that引导的从句作真正的主语,所以用代词it作形式主语,故填it。
Ⅲ.1.The advantages are plain to see　2.lays the foundation for future tasks　3.do hope to have　4.①because he was strongly attracted to　②Strongly attracted to
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道,主要介绍了由四人组成的私人宇航员机组在佛罗里达州搭乘宇宙飞船前往国际空间站的事件。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段前两句和第二段第一句可知,由四人组成的私人宇航员机组搭乘宇宙飞船从佛罗里达州的肯尼迪航天中心发射抵达国际空间站。故选A。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第五句“Lopez-Alegria will be joined by the mission pilot, Larry Conner...”可知,Larry Conner是此次飞行任务的飞行员。故选B。
3.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二、三句可知,Lopez-Alegria说他们不是太空游客的原因是他们将在太空做科学和技术方面的实验。故选C。
4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,Kam认为这次发射是近地轨道商业化许多开端的开始,像是处在互联网的早期。结合互联网的飞速发展可推断,他认为这是有前途的商业。故选D。
【高频词汇】　1.launch v.& n.发射　2.involve v.(使)参加;涉及;包含　3.cooperate v.合作　4.currently adv.目前;时下　5.expansion n.扩展;扩大　6.edge n.边;边缘
7.permit v.允许　8.supply n.补给品;供应
9.capability n.能力,才能
长难句
原句　The latest mission's crew might seem similar to private space tourists who recently took space rides that did not reach orbit.
分析　本句为主从复合句。who引导定语从句,修饰先行词private space tourists;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词space rides。
译文　最近这次任务的机组人员可能看起来与私人太空游客相似,这些太空游客最近进行了没有进入轨道的太空旅行。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何写“月亮日记”,即观察和记录月亮的移动,并进一步了解月亮的不同阶段。
1.F　根据上文可知,我们可以找一些关于月亮的书来了解月亮。F项“绘本和故事书是初次了解一个话题的好方法”承接上文。故选F。
2.C　根据上文“Note the date, time, and weather...”可知,此处建议记录下关于月亮的一些情况。C项“在笔记本上写下并画出你的观察结果”承接上文。故选C。
3.D　根据下文可知,有时候会在白天看见月亮,其他时候你只有等到夜间月亮才会升起。结合选项可知,D项“一个月的每一天,仰望天空,找到月亮”引起下文。故选D。
4.A　根据上文“So after four weeks, you'll have completed your very own Moon Diary!”可知,四周后你会完成你自己的月亮日记。A项“回顾一下你写的和画的东西”可以引起下文,“what you wrote and drew”指“Moon Diary”的内容。通过回顾自己的月亮日记,可以注意到月亮的形状如何随时间改变、月亮升起的时间变早还是变晚和月亮如何影响天空中的光的量。故选A。
5.E　上文介绍了写月亮日记和回顾自己写的月亮日记,结合选项可推知,E项“也许你会决定继续写你的月亮日记”符合语境,继续写月亮日记,看月亮会给你带来什么。故选E。
【高频词汇】　1.grab v.抓住　2.fascinating adj.迷人的
3.various adj.各种各样的　4.entirely adv.完全地
5.affect v.影响　6.amount n.数量
【熟词生义】　travel v.运动,移动
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,讲述的是Parker从小立志做一名宇航员,尽管未实现梦想,但是他一如既往地进行学习和训练。终于有一天,航天机构需要一名年纪大的宇航员进行医疗实验,他被选中,实现了当宇航员的梦想。
1.B　根据下一句中的“the selection tests”可知,此处指Parker从来都没有被“选上”进行太空飞行。故选B。
2.A　根据上文可知,成为宇航员是Parker从小的梦想,但他从来没有被选上,最后他超过了参加选拔测试的最大年龄,也就是说他永远不能实现他的梦想了。A:梦想;B:任务;C:闲暇;D:信念。故选A。
3.C　上文说Parker为了成为宇航员努力学习并参加测试,这些都是他为梦想付出的努力。A:名誉;B:力量;C:努力;D:实例。故选C。
4.B　根据上文可知,Parker为了成为一名宇航员付出了很大的努力,却一直未能如愿,所以人们应该是为他感到惋惜。故选B。
5.D　上文说他已经超过了参加选拔测试的最大年龄,所以推测这里指他被告知必须放弃自己的飞天梦。故选D。
易错归因　　本题易错选B项。此处是在介绍Parker因为年龄问题不能再参加选拔,所以是不得不放弃梦想,而忘记梦想是主观选择,与此处语境不符。
6.C　根据上文“he grew over the maximum age for taking the selection tests”可知,Parker已经过了参加选拔测试的最大年龄,此处的“he would have the tests the next month(下个月他就要去参加测试)”是虚拟的情况。故选C。
7.A　根据上文“Parker continued training and studying”可知,Parker没有放弃过训练和学习,随着年龄的增长,他继续训练和学习。故选A。
8.D　根据下文“was the only old man in the whole world”可知,他们需要的是一位年纪很大的宇航员。故选D。
9.B　根据上文可知,尽管Parker因超龄而被告知必须放弃梦想,但多年来他一直坚持学习和训练。故选B。
10.D　根据第一段中的“he was never　1　 to fly in space”可知,此处指在太空遨游。故选D。
11.A　根据语境和选项可知,此处指在那些任务中所获得的知识帮助治愈老年人最严重的疾病之一。故选A。
12.C　根据上文“cure one of the worst diseases for old people”可知,在那些任务中所获得的知识帮助治愈老年人最严重的疾病之一,所以Parker被人们称赞为英雄。故选C。
13.C　根据语境可知,此处指照片在全世界传播开来。故选C。
14.D　Parker凭借坚持不懈的努力最终实现了飞天梦,这充分证明了努力终会带来回报。故选D。A:奖,奖品,奖金,奖状;B:奖,奖金;C:结果;D:回报,奖励,报酬。
15.A　根据上文可知,Parker年轻时为了实现自己的飞天梦,一次次尝试却一次次失败,没想到在老年的时候实现了自己的梦想,所以说梦想可能并不是以最初我们所期待的那种形式实现的。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.maximum adj.最大的;最高的
2.selection n.选拔;挑选　3.fulfill v.实现;履行
4.ambition n.理想;抱负　5.persistent adj.坚持不懈的;执着的
【熟词生义】　stick n.拐杖
长难句
原句　Although he was told that he had to abandon his ambition, Parker continued training and studying, as if he would have the tests the next month.
分析　本句为主从复合句。Although引导让步状语从句,as if引导方式状语从句,从句中用了虚拟语气。
译文　尽管Parker被告知他必须放弃他的理想,但是他继续训练和学习,仿佛下个月他就要去参加测试一样。
2