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姓名 班级 考号
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单元达标检测
Unit 3 Back to the past
全卷满分150分 考试用时120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.How was the weather last week
A.Cold. B.Warm. C.Wet.
2.What is David busy doing
A.Visiting a flat. B.Introducing a flat.
C.Arranging a flat.
3.What does the man's wife probably like to receive
A.A pearl. B.Flowers. C.A washing machine.
4.Where does the conversation probably take place
A.At the platform.
B.At the security checkpoint.
C.At the left-luggage office.
5.What is the woman
A.A tour guide. B.A tourist.
C.A hotel receptionist.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What is playing on the radio station now
A.Commercials. B.A talk show. C.A music program.
7.What do we know about the man
A.He hates to spend much time on news.
B.He prefers detailed news stories.
C.He often listens to news broadcasts.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.What was the main topic of the meeting
A.Politics. B.Green development.
C.The latest technology trends.
9.What did the meeting encourage
A.Driving cars less.
B.Making a wider variety of goods.
C.Developing sustainable agriculture.
10.What does the man think is important in achieving the goal
A.Global teamwork. B.Energy exploration.
C.More job opportunities.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.What can we know from the conversation
A.The woman got her ideas from a cook book.
B.The man is probably a regular customer.
C.The man has never been to the shop before.
12.What desserts does the man choose to buy
A.The lemon pie and the strawberry cake.
B.The green tea cupcake and the lemon pie.
C.The strawberry cake and the green tea cupcake.
13.How much should the man pay in total
A.$3. B.$4. C.$7.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.What is greatly valued in the company
A.Employees' qualities.
B.Employees' appearances.
C.Employees' physical conditions.
15.What does the man need to do before work
A.Study the policies and practices.
B.Listen to customers' concerns.
C.Have a medical examination.
16.What is unnecessary for the man
A.Buying an insurance.
B.Being on time for work.
C.Working on weekends.
17.What will the man do
A.Go on his questions.
B.Expect the woman's reply.
C.Write down personal information.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.What is the talk mainly about
A.Global warming. B.Water shortage.
C.Rising sea level.
19.What can we learn from the talk
A.More and more places will have much rain.
B.People living near the sea may have to move.
C.Animals in Antarctica may get used to warmer weather.
20.Why could penguins be dying off
A.They can't stand warmer temperatures.
B.They are losing their habitats.
C.They are short of food.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Every day people join archaeologists and artists in finding some of the year's most dramatic discoveries. Below are some examples of 2022.
“Naughty pupils”—the ancient punishment method resurfaces
Archaeologists discovered 18,000 ink-carved pieces of pottery—known as “ostraca”—at the site of Athribis early this year, and among them were hundreds of fragments(碎片) with a single symbol repeated.
Those scribbles(潦草的文字) are evidence of “naughty pupils” being made to write lines, according to researchers at Germany's University of Tübingen. The fragments also include receipts, school texts, trade information and lists of names.
Van Gogh peers out in a hidden portrait
There is one more known Van Gogh's self-portrait in the world, and it was hidden behind a painting of a peasant woman. People made the discovery when they took an X-ray of one of his portraits from 1885 and discovered the artist's own image behind layers of cardboard and glue. While X-rays often reveal how artists changed their compositions, the full self-portrait of Van Gogh came as a huge surprise, who was known to reuse canvases(画布) to save money.
Another treasure collection from Sanxingdui
The Sanxingdui archaeological site has produced thousands of relics. The latest discovery, reported by Chinese state media in June, includes 3,155 objects, a turtle shell-shaped box and a sacrificial altar among them. A team has been digging six places of the site, turning up more than 13,000 objects so far. Last year, the relics they uncovered included a golden mask, ivory artifacts(手工艺品) and a jade knife. The Sanxingdui culture still remains mysterious, as it left behind no written records or human remains, though many believe it to be part of the ancient kingdom of Shu, which ruled along the upper stream of the Yangtze River until it was conquered in 316 BC.
21.What led to the researchers' conclusion about the fragments
A.The repeated symbol. B.Trade information.
C.Lists of pupils' names. D.The mark of ink.
22.Why did Van Gogh hide his self-portrait in a painting
A.To keep away from X-rays.
B.To save money.
C.To make his works more mysterious.
D.To help people find his composition.
23.Which is the newly-unearthed relic of 2022 in Sanxingdui
A.A jade knife. B.A golden mask.
C.A written record. D.A turtle shell-shaped box.
B
The French couple Katia and Maurice Krafft shared enthusiasm for volcanoes(火山), one that perhaps approached an addiction. There are many people interested in volcanoes, but very few who are willing to climb an erupting crater(喷发的火山口) and approach the flowing lava(岩浆). Katia and Maurice did a lot of work, shooting photographs and films of volcano eruptions, always being the first on the scene of an active volcano, and the ones who fearlessly came to just a few feet from lava flows. They were not only highly respected by volcanologists(火山学家) all around the world, but also envied.
The couple met in the 1960s when they were both students at the University of Strasbourg, and got married in 1970. Both of them had been attracted to volcanoes since childhood. Upon graduating, Katia and Maurice pursued their careers as volcano observers with no financial support at all, just using their own savings, which they spent on a trip to Stromboli to observe the eruption of the volcano.
They took an incredible and valuable set of photographs of the near-continuous eruption. People were curious about the photographs, while public officials working on threatening volcanoes found them useful. This interest in their work helped the French couple to establish a career in documenting eruptions. Now able to obtain financial support for their work, Katia and Maurice visited hundreds, if not thousands, of volcanoes around the globe. They traveled and recorded eruptions, always getting closer to the danger than anyone else.
In June 1991, along with 40 other people, the Kraffts set out to film the eruption at Mount Unzen in Japan. A sudden and unexpected flow took place and all the people in its path were killed. Later investigation revealed that Katia's and Maurice's bodies were closest to the volcano crater. They were 49 and 45 years old respectively.
In their 25-year-long career, the couple documented hundreds of volcanoes, and their work consists of thousands of still photos, 200 hours of film materials, a number of books, and scientific articles published in Bulletin of Volcanology.
24.When did the couple start their career as volcano observers
A.As children. B.While studying at college.
C.When leaving university. D.After getting married.
25.What is unique to the couple's photographs of volcanoes
A.They focused on threatening volcanoes.
B.They were taken with their own savings.
C.They recorded the continuous eruption of volcanoes.
D.They were shot at a shorter distance from lava flows.
26.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs
A.The couple didn't get prepared before setting out.
B.The couple had been married for 25 years before the accident.
C.The couple made a great fortune (财富) with what they shot.
D.The couple went ahead of the rest at the last minute.
27.Which of the following can best describe the couple
A.Caring and demanding. B.Promising and optimistic.
C.Brave and devoted. D.Dynamic and calm.
C
Every so often, a Chinese fashion symbol unknowingly turned the fashion landscape upside down. This time, we unearthed the imperial tomb of China's Empress Dowager Cixi(慈禧) (1835-1908) and found her great passion for luxurious nails.
Ancient Chinese nobles started growing long nails during the Warring States Period to show that they weren't manual laborers, but it wasn't until the Ming Dynasty that long nails and nail guards became an important symbol of material prosperity. And the trend reached its peak in the Qing Dynasty, with Cixi as its representative. Cixi nurtured roughly 20-centimeter-long nails on her ring and pinky fingers and took care of them in gem-laden(镶满宝石的), colorful nail guards. During the day, Cixi usually wore nail guards made of gold or silver. According to the memoirs of her maid, before bed, she would take them off and put her fingers into covers made of bright yellow satin(缎子), in order to protect her long nails while sleeping.
The origins of nail guards began in the Han Dynasty more than 1,000 years prior to their mainstream glory. At that time, they weren't particularly decorative. It wasn't until the Qing Dynasty that they became as expensive and delicate as people today know them to have been. Common design patterns included plants, flowers, and calligraphy art. Cixi, on the other hand, had unique rights to dragon and phoenix(凤凰) carvings on her nail guards. Needless to say, she didn't skimp on exercising these rights.
Long nails may no longer be front and center on the fashion stage today. Yet the period drama series like Empresses in the Palace(2011), Ruyi's Royal Love in the Palace(2018),and Story of Yanxi Palace(2018) brought the popularity of the Morandi color palette(莫兰迪色系) in China's nail art circle. Inspired by Italian painter Giorgio Morandi, the manicure(美甲) industry today also adopts a more softened color scheme that gives a feeling of balance and elegance.
28.What does the writer mainly tell us
A.The legend of China's Empress Dowager Cixi.
B.The history of long nail guards.
C.Long nails play an important role in period drama series.
D.Women in ancient times should wear long nail guards.
29.What can we learn from the text
A.Cixi took off nail guards when she went to bed.
B.Cixi can only wear nail guards with dragon and phoenix carvings.
C.Nail guards can show the status on the royal ladder in the Han Dynasty.
D.The Ming and Qing Dynasties had a lower degree of acceptance of long nails.
30.What do the underlined words “skimp on” in the third paragraph probably mean
A.Delay.
B.Subscribe to.
C.Practice.
D.Be mean with.
31.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.There is still a market for nail art today.
B.Morandi is a great master in the period drama.
C.The period drama series are very popular today.
D.Fashion nail art will permanently be on the fashion stage.
D
Gettysburg National Military Park was established in 1895, 32 years after the deadly battle. Gettysburg is the most-visited place of the Civil War battlefields.
Many visitors start their visit at the Gettysburg National Military Park Museum and Visitor Center. The museum has the world's largest collection of Civil War objects. The museum has more than 1 million items, from soldiers' private notebooks and uniforms to original maps of the battlefield. The museum also houses the Gettysburg cyclorama(环形画幕) painting, showing the final attack in the Battle of Gettysburg: Pickett's Charge. George Pickett was a Confederate general. On July 3, 1863, he led a charge against stronger Union forces. It was a disaster for the Confederate soldiers.
French artist Paul Philippoteaux and a team of 20 artists created the painting in the 1880s. Philippoteaux and his team visited the battlefield. It took more than one year for the huge painting to be completed. The cyclorama is 114 metres long and almost 13 metres tall. It has long been one of the most popular parts of the Gettysburg experience. But by the 1990s, the painting was in poor condition. Experts warned that if the cyclorama was not repaired, the painting could be lost.
A restoration project began in 2003. The painting was cleaned and separated into its 14 parts, and later moved into the new centre. There, the original canvas(画布) was sewn onto the new cloth made in China. Park service officials say China was one of the few countries able to produce cloth in the sizes needed. Then each part was hung and sewn together.
A team of cyclorama experts from Poland worked on the project in Gettysburg. The repair work of the “Cyclorama of the Battle of Gettysburg” marked one of the largest art conservation efforts ever in North America.
After the museum, tourists can visit the Gettysburg National Cemetery, where many of the Union soldiers who died during the Battle of Gettysburg are buried. The cemetery was dedicated on November 19, 1863, the same day U.S. President Abraham Lincoln gave his “Gettysburg Address”. Historians agree that Lincoln's “Gettysburg Address” defined Americans as a people who believed in freedom, democracy and equality.
32.What is displayed in the Gettysburg cyclorama painting
A.Several battlefield sites.
B.Supplies during the American Civil War.
C.The speech delivered by President Lincoln.
D.The intense scene of the final battle of Gettysburg.
33.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A.The repair material for the project.
B.The country producing the canvas.
C.The key steps of the entire repair process.
D.The comment of the park service officials.
34.Which country did the technical team for restoration come from
A.France. B.China. C.Poland. D.The US.
35.What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A.To tell a historical event.
B.To introduce a travel destination.
C.To explain American culture.
D.To remember Lincoln's “Gettysburg Address”.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Story of Music
How did music begin Did our early ancestors first start by beating things together to create rhythm, or using their voices to sing What types of instruments did they use 36 The answers show that the history of music is, in many ways, the history of humans.
So, what is music
This is difficult to answer, as everyone has their own idea. “Sound that conveys emotion” is what Jeremy Montagu of the University of Oxford describes in his article.
37
If we take singing, then controlling pitch(音高) is important. Scientists have studied the skulls and jaws of early apes, to see if they were able to make a sound and control pitch. Another important component of music is rhythm. Our early ancestors may have created rhythmic music by clapping their hands. 38
Many of these instruments are likely to have been made of soft materials like wood, and so haven't survived. What have survived are bone pipes. So, music is old, and may have been with us from when humans first evolved.
But why did it arise and why has it existed
There are many possible functions of music. One is dancing. Another obvious reason for music is entertainment. 39
However, the major reason why music has arisen and existed may be that it brings people together. 40 He concludes: “It has even been suggested that music, in producing such bonding, created not only the family but society itself, bringing individuals together who might otherwise have lived alone.”
A.When did our ancestors begin making music
B.Music can express certain emotion that you can feel.
C.This may be linked to the earliest musical instruments.
D.Our ancestors created music by beating stones or sticks by accident.
E.Has music always been important in human society, and if so, why
F.Music can also be used for communication, often over long distances.
G.“Music leads to bonding, such as bonding between a mother and her child or bonding between groups,” explains Montagu.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Goran Kropp was a Swedish adventurer and mountaineer. In 1972, at the age of six, with his father's help,he 41 Galdhopiggen, the highest mountain in Northern Europe. Twenty-four years later, he stood on the highest peak in the world, Qomolangma. His journey to the 42 shows just how independent, persistent(坚持的), and determined this exceptional man is.
43 most people arrive at the foothills of Qomolangma by some sort of modern 44 , Kropp bicycled 7,000 miles from his home in Sweden. Traveling by bike was not 45 . He stopped many times to 46 his bike because rough roads caused mechanical problems.
Kropp 47 to climb Qomolangma the same way he traveled to the mountain: without the 48 of others and without modern conveniences. Unlike other 49 Kropp climbed the mountain without a guide or helper. He did not 50 bottled oxygen to help him 51 at high altitudes, and he carried all of his 52 himself in a pack that weighed about 140 pounds.
It took Kropp 53 tries to reach the top of Qomolangma. The first time, he had to 54 only 350 feet from the top because the weather was too dangerous. The mountaineer waited out the storm, rested, and tried again a few days later. This time, he was 55 . After he walked down the mountain, he got back on his bike and rode the 7,000 miles back to Sweden.
41.A.heard of B.dreamed of C.saw D.climbed
42.A.top B.country C.area D.valley
43.A.Unless B.Once C.While D.Because
44.A.design B.vehicle C.theory D.material
45.A.boring B.easy C.tiring D.busy
46.A.lock B.ride C.repair D.find
47.A.chose B.refused C.agreed D.hated
48.A.presence B.approval C.assistance D.knowledge
49.A.observers B.travelers C.mountaineers D.hikers
50.A.gather B.order C.share D.bring
51.A.breathe B.walk C.live D.stay
52.A.medicines B.food C.clothes D.equipment
53.A.two B.three C.many D.several
54.A.go on B.get up C.set out D.turn back
55.A.thoughtful B.successful C.doubtful D.meaningful
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 430 BCE, as the cities of Athens and Sparta 56 (battle) in a war, a deadly illness swept through Athens, 57 (strike) fear and panic into its citizens. The disease reached Athens via the port city of Piraeus and spread throughout Greece and then the eastern Mediterranean, killing almost a third of its population, even the great 58 (lead) then, 66-year-old Pericles included. 59 seemed that the only thing for the citizens to do was that they had to wait to die.
60 (protect) the people of Athens, when the pandemic just broke out, Pericles ordered the Athenians to move within the city's newly built “long walls”, but it was when the real nightmare began. This gave the disease the perfect conditions 61 the pandemic could infect more of the Athenian population more quickly.
In the history of Greece, the ancient Greek historian Thucydides, who fell victim to the disease and survived, wrote that “people in good health were attacked 62 (severe) all of a sudden by violent heat in the head, and redness and inflammation in the eyes, the inward parts, such as the throat or tongue, becoming bloody and emitted an unnatural and fetid breath”. Despite 63 (write) evidence of the disease, its cause is still unknown. Possibilities might be 64 we call typhoid fever and Ebola nowadays.
Months later, the disease finally became less intense and for a brief period the Athenians were relieved, but it would strike twice more, forcing Athens to yield to Sparta in 404 BCE and ending Athens' rule in ancient Greece. The history of mankind 65 (consist) of plenty of battles of fighting against epidemics, which can change history itself in turn.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你校正在开展英语名著阅读活动。请你为校英文报写一篇书评,推荐一本你最喜爱的英文书。内容包括:
1.书的内容;
2.你的感想;
3.推荐理由。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.题目已给出。
Book Review
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Dad and Mom had to go on a four-day business trip. They taught their elder son Daniel and younger daughter Jane how to feed and look after their dog, Spot, how to take good care of themselves—learning to cook if they could, or ordering pizza(with money left on the table) if they were busy, and told them to keep their rooms clean and tidy. They asked Daniel to be in charge.
On the very morning when the parents left, Mom kissed them and said to Daniel gently, “Young man, do take care of Spot and Jane.” Daniel promised, “I will, Mom.”
Too excited to fall asleep again, Daniel and Jane jumped out of bed, calling out to each other to get up. Their pet dog, Spot, heard the familiar voice and rushed in, with a ball in its mouth. Jane stuck(伸) her head into Daniel's room, “Spot got up an hour earlier. Let's walk it.” Daniel said excitedly, “I'm coming. But, Jane, don't forget to keep your room clean and tidy.” “I will.”
They ran with the dog in the yard and threw the ball away for Spot to bring it back. They had fun playing with Spot the whole morning. Washing Spot was slow and tiring as it was the first time they had done that. Then Daniel settled down to his homework while Jane did her reading with interest.
The following day, Jane begged her brother to order pizza for lunch. Daniel agreed excitedly, “We haven't tasted that for long and we behave ourselves, right ” After a while, he added, “We should save money, too.” Within half an hour, they treated themselves to a big pizza. However, in the afternoon, Spot looked sick, lying lazily and unwilling to move. Daniel was concerned about the dog and took it to the pet clinic immediately with Jane as their parents had done.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
When Dad and Mom arrived a day earlier, they were amazed to find everything in a mess.
Daniel ran into his room, with tears in his eyes,“There is no need to explain and Mom won't trust me any longer.”
答案全解全析
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.B
9.C 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.C 16.C
17.B 18.A 19.B 20.C 21.A 22.B 23.D 24.C
25.D 26.D 27.C 28.B 29.A 30.D 31.A 32.D
33.C 34.C 35.B 36.E 37.A 38.C 39.F 40.G
41.D 42.A 43.C 44.B 45.B 46.C 47.A 48.C
49.C 50.D 51.A 52.D 53.A 54.D 55.B
56.were battling 57.striking 58.leader 59.It 60.To protect 61.where 62.severely 63.written 64.what 65.consists
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个考古新发现。
21.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“among them were hundreds of fragments with a single symbol repeated”和第三段第一句可知,研究人员根据这些碎片上重复的符号得出结论,证明这些碎片的内容是调皮的学生所写。故选A。
22.B 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知,梵高是为了省钱才将自画像隐藏在一幅画中。故选B。
23.D 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句可知,三星堆遗址新出土的器物包括一个龟壳形状的盒子。故选D。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了法国火山学家Katia和Maurice Krafft夫妇探索火山的故事。他们曾经拍摄了许多令人震撼的火山喷发影像,对研究活火山有着共同的热情,这种热情远远超过了人类历史上大多数人,使他们敢于接近这些危险之地观察、拍摄和记录。
24.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知,夫妇二人大学一毕业就开始了他们作为火山观察员的事业。故选C。
25.D 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句和最后一句可知,他们选择了更接近火山口的地方拍摄火山照片,这是别人难以做到的。由此推知,这让他们的照片与众不同。故选D。
26.D 推理判断题。根据第四段第三句可知,后来的调查显示,Katia和 Maurice的身体离火山口最近。由此可推断,这对夫妇在最后一刻走在了其他人的前面。故选D。
27.C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句和最后一段可知,夫妇二人总是冲到离火山口最近的地方,25年间获取了大量宝贵资料。由此可推断,他们是勇敢且热衷于这项事业的。故选C。
C
◎语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。文章通过描述慈禧对护甲的热情,介绍了中国古代的人留长指甲和戴护甲的历史,以及现代美甲艺术的发展。
28.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文通过描述慈禧对护甲的热情,主要介绍了中国古代的人留长指甲和戴护甲的历史,并在最后介绍了现代美甲艺术的发展。故选B。
29.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“During the day, Cixi usually wore nail guards made of gold or silver...before bed, she would take them off”可知,慈禧上床睡觉前会摘下护甲。故选A。
30.D 词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句的上一句“Cixi, on the other hand, had unique rights to dragon and phoenix carvings on her nail guards.”可知,慈禧有在护甲上雕刻龙和凤的图案的特权,结合历史常识可推知,这样的特权可以显示其尊贵的地位,由此可推测,画线短语所在句的意思为“不用说,她在行使这些权利时不吝啬”。所以,skimp on与be mean with同义,表示“在……方面吝啬”。故选D。
31.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Yet the period drama series like...brought the popularity of the Morandi color palette in China's nail art circle.”可推测,随着莫兰迪色系的流行,如今美甲艺术仍然有市场。故选A。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了葛底斯堡国家军事公园。公园中有内战博物馆,收藏着丰富的内战物品,其中包括展示了皮克特冲锋场景的全景画,游客还可以参观葛底斯堡国家公墓。
32.D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后四句可知,这幅全景画描绘的是葛底斯堡战役的最后攻击,南方邦联军队对北方联邦军队发起了一场灾难性的冲锋,因此画中呈现的是葛底斯堡战役的紧张场面。故选D。
33.C 主旨大意题。根据第四段“A restoration project...The painting was cleaned and separated into its 14 parts, and later moved into the new centre. There, the original canvas was sewn onto the new cloth made in China...Then each part was hung and sewn together.”可知,本段主要介绍了整个修复工程中的关键步骤。故选C。
34.C 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知,修复的技术团队来自波兰。故选C。
35.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一、二句可知,本段主要介绍了供游客参观的葛底斯堡国家公墓。由此可推断,本段是为了介绍一个旅游目的地。故选B。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。音乐史在许多方面就是人类史,音乐在人类社会中一直都扮演着重要的角色。为什么会有音乐的存在 音乐又是什么时候产生的呢 本文对此做了简要介绍。
36.E 下一句提到音乐史在许多方面就是人类史。E项提出问题,问到音乐在人类社会中是否一直都很重要及其重要的原因,恰能引起下文,符合语境。故选E。
37.A 根据设空处的位置可知此处为下面段落的小标题。根据下面段落的内容可知,科学家们已经研究了早期类人猿的头盖骨和颌骨,看它们是否能够发出声音和控制音高。也就是说,科学家们研究了什么时候开始有音乐的。而选项中只有A项与什么时候开始创作音乐有关。故选A。
38.C 上一句提到我们早期的祖先可能通过拍手来创作有节奏的音乐。C项点明这可能和最早的乐器有关联,且C项中的“instruments”呼应下文中的“these instruments”。故选C。
39.F 根据上面的小标题和上文内容可知,本段主要讲的是音乐产生和存在的原因。F项点明音乐也可以用于交流,通常是远距离的交流,而这正是音乐产生和存在的原因之一。故选F。
40.G 上一句提到音乐产生和存在的主要原因可能是它能使人们聚在一起。G项点明音乐会促进人与人之间的关系,如母亲和孩子之间的关系或群体之间的关系。G项中的“bonding”和上一句中的“brings people together”表达的含义相近,且下一句中的代词“He”指代G项中的“Montagu”。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是瑞典探险家和登山家Goran Kropp骑行到达珠峰脚下,不借助向导和瓶装氧气攀登珠穆朗玛峰,并最终登上顶峰的故事。
41.D 根据上文可知,Goran Kropp是瑞典的探险家和登山家,所以此处指他6岁时,在他父亲的帮助下“登上”北欧最高的山峰,D项符合语境。故选D。
42.A 根据上文中的“Twenty-four years later, he stood on the highest peak in the world, Qomolangma.”可知,此处表示他登上世界顶峰之旅。故选A。
43.C 根据下文可知,大多数人乘坐某种现代交通工具到达珠峰脚下,但Kropp骑车7,000英里到达珠峰脚下,while表示“虽然;尽管”,符合语境。故选C。
44.B 根据下文中的“Kropp bicycled”可知,此处介绍登山者到达珠峰脚下的交通方式。故选B。
45.B 根据下文中的“because rough roads caused mechanical problems”可知,崎岖不平的道路导致自行车出现机械故障,他多次停下来修理自行车,由此可知,骑自行车旅行并不是容易的。故此题选B,第46题选C。
46.C 解析见上一题。故选C。
47.A 根据下文可知,Kropp选择了与他到山脚下同样的方式攀登山峰,即没有向导和现代设备的帮助。故选A。
48.C 根据下文中的“Kropp climbed the mountain without a guide or helper”可知,Kropp选择在没有别人帮助的情况下攀登珠穆朗玛峰。故选C。
49.C 根据语境以及上文中的“Goran Kropp was a Swedish adventurer and mountaineer.”可知,Kropp是一名登山者,所以此处应是与其他的登山者相比较。故选C。
50.D 根据常识和下文中的“he carried all of his 52 himself in a pack”可知,他把所有的装备装在一个背包中,与此相对应的是他没有带上瓶装氧气来帮他呼吸。故选D。
51.A 根据常识和上文中的“bottled oxygen”可知,瓶装氧气是帮助他在高海拔地区呼吸的。故选A。
52.D 根据语境和选项可知,此处表示他把所有的装备都装在一个背包里,这个背包重约一百四十磅。故选D。
53.A 根据下文中的“The first time, he had to...”和“This time”可知,Kropp应是两次试图登顶珠峰。故选A。
54.D 根据下文中的“because the weather was too dangerous”可知,由于天气太危险,他不得不从离山顶350英尺的地方返回。故选D。
55.B 根据下文中的“After he walked down the mountain, he got back on his bike and rode the 7,000 miles back to Sweden.”和首段中的“Twenty-four years later, he stood on the highest peak in the world, Qomolangma.”可知,这一次,他成功了。故选B。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了历史上雅典人抗击病毒的故事。
56.were battling 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,设空处为时间状语从句的谓语,结合时间“In 430 B.C.”和“in a war”可知,此处表示战争发生期间,所以用过去进行时,从句主语the cities of Athens and Sparta是复数概念。故填were battling。
57.striking 考查现在分词。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语动词,设空处应用非谓语形式作状语,strike与其逻辑主语a deadly illness之间构成主动关系,所以用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填striking。
58.leader 考查名词。空前为形容词great,“66-year-old Pericles”为设空处的同位语,所以此处应用表示人的名词。故填leader。
59.It 考查代词。分析句子可知,此处为固定句型“It seems/seemed that...”,意为“似乎……”。故填It。
60.To protect 考查动词不定式。句意:为了保护雅典人民,当大流行病刚刚暴发时,伯里克利命令雅典人在城市新建的“长城”内走动,但那是真正的噩梦开始的时候。结合句意可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To protect。
61.where 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,“ 61 the pandemic could infect more of the Athenian population more quickly”是修饰先行词conditions的定语从句,先行词表示抽象的地点,设空处在从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where。
62.severely 考查副词。设空处修饰were attacked,应用副词。故填severely。
63.written 考查过去分词。空后为名词,设空处作定语,动词write与被修饰词evidence之间构成被动关系,所以用过去分词written作定语。
64.what 考查表语从句。分析句子可知,设空处无提示词,位于系动词后,故推测设空处引导表语从句,从句中缺少动词call的宾语,所以应用连接代词what引导。
65.consists 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:人类历史上有许多与流行病的斗争,这些斗争可以反过来改变历史本身。consist of意为“由……组成”,无被动形式。分析句子可知,本句表示一般事实,应用一般现在时;句子主语“The history of mankind”表示单数意义,谓语应用第三人称单数形式,故填consists。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Book Review
The Boy in the Striped Pajamas is a captivating novel set during World War Ⅱ, following the story of young Bruno, a German boy who befriends Shmuel, a Jewish boy behind the fence of a concentration camp. As their friendship blossoms, the harsh realities of war become increasingly evident, leading to a heartbreaking conclusion.
Reading this book evoked a range of emotions within me, from sadness to empathy. It taught me valuable lessons about compassion and understanding.
I highly recommend this book for its powerful storytelling and thought-provoking themes. It's a reminder of the importance of friendship and the impact of war on innocent lives.
第二节
One possible version:
When Dad and Mom arrived a day earlier, they were amazed to find everything in a mess. Mom was angry and shouted to Daniel, “Listen to me, young man—I left you in charge. We thought you would act like an adult, but look at the mess. The money for food has been used up but why does Spot still look hungry What did you do with the money we left ” Comforting Mom, Dad said calmly, “There is probably a good explanation for everything.”
Daniel ran into his room, with tears in his eyes, “There is no need to explain and Mom won't trust me any longer.” Jane explained anxiously, “Mummy, Spot was sick, so we spent the rest of the money taking it to the pet clinic.” Hearing the little daughter's words, Mom understood that the reason why they had no time to clean the house was that they waited for Spot at the clinic all day. Mom regretted acting so angrily and was satisfied that Daniel learnt to be responsible for others. She apologized to Daniel sincerely and hugged him in her arms, saying, “I shouldn't have gotten mad at you. You are really growing into a young man.”
