译林版选择性必修三Unit 4 Part 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading分层练习（含解析）

Unit 4　Protecting our heritage sites
Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.At school, the teacher always encourages students not to advocate the use of 　　　　(暴力).
2.It is too soon to make a judgement about what the o　　　　 will be. Let's focus on the process first.
3.The news was that a big earthquake hit this area, causing the 　　　　(倒塌) of poorly constructed buildings.
4.A doctor, for example, can use 　　　　(专业的)vocabulary and technical terms of treatment to comfort patients.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Another is that loud and 　　　　　(urge) matters are given too much importance, making people ignore longer-term trends.
2.A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing but 　　　　　(ruin) a year ago.
3.Diagnosis of depression should start with a 　　　　　(consult) with a doctor or a mental health expert.
4.The machines start to wear 　　　　　; they don't make as many nuts as they used to.
5.Once the conflict 　　　　　 you and your friend breaks out, the result will not be satisfying.
6.He asked the employer about his possibility of job promotion, which was what he was 　　　　　(incredible) concerned about.
7.The CEO insisted on 　　　　　(suspend) the project indefinitely.
8.The earliest 　　　　　(preserve) recipes for making Lu date back to Qimin Yaoshu, an ancient Chinese agricultural work written in the 6th century.
9.Her leadership 　　　　　(assess) and recognized since she won the election half a year ago.
10.The more we know who we are and what we want, the 　　　　　(little) we'll be upset by others.
11.Do you have the belief 　　　　　 everyone is unique in this world
Ⅲ.选词填空
at risk of, wear and tear, in need of
On a snowy day, a little girl with a bare head and naked feet, was still wandering around the streets, selling matches. She was in thin clothes, which had a lot of 1.　　　　　　. 2.　　　　　　 freezing to death, the little girl was 3.　　　　　　 help urgently, for she was not only in a shortage of clothes and food, but thirsty for care and tenderness.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.听起来好像汽车的引擎出了问题。如果是这样的话,我们最好马上把它送到汽车修理厂。
It sounds as if something is wrong with the engine of the car. 　　　　 　　　　, we'd better take it to the garage immediately.
2.海洋不仅为我们提供充足的食物,还维持着大自然的平衡。
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 offer us sufficient food, but it also maintains the balance of nature.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
There are 　1　(current) around 1,100 heritage sites in more than 160 countries worldwide. Unfortunately, they face　2　(vary) dangers and many of them are in urgent need of protection.
　　Two main factors contribute to the risk of heritage sites. The long-term natural forces, like wind, water and temperature, can gradually wear down heritage sites 　3　 natural disasters can lead to the destruction of them. Another big danger is human activities. Wars can cause damage 　4　 both natural and cultural heritage sites. Meanwhile, World Heritage status may give rise to a series of problems, one of 　5　 is the flood of tourists. Human population growth 　6　(increase) the demand for production and consumption of goods, 　7　(put) heritage sites in danger.What's worse,many heritage sites are even at risk of being lost forever.
　　Such dangers can have disastrous　8　(outcome) not only for the sites themselves, but also for people. Therefore, heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of human beings. The more we acknowledge the outstanding value of our heritage sites, the more likely we are to treat 　9　(they) with respect. We all share a joint responsibility 　10　(protect) and preserve them, not just for ourselves, but for future generations.
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　
5.　　　　　　 6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　
9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　
Ⅱ.语法填空
　　The art of seal engraving(篆刻) is a foundation of China's fine arts. It has been 　1　 inseparable part of classic Chinese art. In September 2009, China's seal engraving art 　2　 (add) to UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
　　Seal engraving art, 　3　(date) back to the Shang Dynasty, has a history of more than 3,000 years. The art form developed rapidly during the Qin Dynasty, 　4　 people engraved their names on utensils(器具) and in documents to claim ownership.
　　Soon after the First Emperor of Qin unified China, he assigned craftsmen to use jade to make an imperial seal called “Xi”. Not until the Ming Dynasty did artists and scholars begin using seals engraved with their names 　5　(mark) the ownership of their calligraphy and paintings.
　　In 1904, Xiling Seal Engravers' Society was founded with the 　6　(combine) efforts of seal artists from different schools and places 　7　 it was the first of its kind in China.
　　Today seals are still 　8　 wide use in official documents and private letters. With engraved seals gaining worldwide 　9　(appreciate) in recent years, an increasing number of people 　10　(become) intensely fascinated by the items.
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　
5.　　　　　　 6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　
9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
　　Released on August 30, a three-episode video series titled Escape from the British Museum has gone viral online for its touching and innovative narrative(叙述). The series follows the journey home of a Chinese jade teapot that has come to life as a girl. She runs away from the British Museum and comes across a Chinese journalist who helps the artifact return to China. The series, created by two Chinese vloggers, aims to raise broader awareness of Chinese artifacts that were stolen or looted(掠夺) from China and are displayed or stored in the British Museum.
　　The video series echoes the Chinese people's call for the British Museum to return these Chinese artifacts. However, some UK media outlets said that the video series promotes intense nationalism(民族主义). In fact, every country whose artifacts are displayed or stored in the British Museum wants them back. These countries, such as Greece, Nigeria and Sudan, have already issued their demands for the return of artifacts. It's fair enough to say these demands are shared. They can correct centuries-old wrongs by having the UK return artifacts to their rightful homes.
　　An opinion in the UK newspaper The Telegraph says that if the British Museum gives back its collection of artifacts, then nationalism will win over humanity's common heritage. It also says that the artifacts were “lawfully acquired(合法取得)” by the UK. By “lawfully acquired”, does the writer mean the artifacts were acquired with the “help” of machine guns and warships Or does he mean that the cultural artifacts of African, Asian and American countries should be kept in the hands of looters, rather than in their land of origin
1.What is the video series Escape from the British Museum mainly about
A.Cultural artifacts looted by the UK.　　　B.Hidden dangers in the British Museum.
C.The arguments about the British Museum.　　　D.The journey of a Chinese artifact coming home.
2.What does the video series aim to highlight
A.Protests against the UK's nationalism.
B.The beauty of Chinese cultural artifacts.
C.The desire to get stolen artifacts back.
D.Efforts made by Chinese activists to get artifacts back.
3.What's the author's purpose in mentioning countries like Greece, Nigeria and Sudan
A.To show the UK did something wrong in the past.
B.To stress China's demands are shared by many countries.
C.To emphasize former colonized countries have grown stronger.
D.To highlight diverse artifacts are housed in the British Museum.
4.What is the author's attitude toward the opinion in The Telegraph
A.It's totally unacceptable.　　　B.It's a little bit reasonable.
C.It lacks enough evidence.　　　D.It shows the writer's ignorance.
B
　　Measuring about 13,170 miles long, the Great Wall of China is no doubt the longest man-made project on earth. It was once widely believed that it could be seen from space. Some media even reported with affected seriousness, “The biggest building the astronauts could see from space is the wall.” Consequently, this statement has gone deep into people's minds and become an honor that Chinese people have enjoyed for years.
　　Is the Great Wall truly visible from space Yang Liwei, China's first astronaut who was lifted into outer space by the Shenzhou Ⅴ manned spacecraft, gave a definite answer: “No.” Yang's negative response might put out a fair number of people's passion. But it powerfully corrected the misconception. The wall is indeed majestic, but you won't see it from space!
　　In fact, Neil Alden Armstrong, the American astronaut who first set foot on the moon in 1969, was asked many times whether or not he had seen the Great Wall from the moon. Recently from a sound recording announced by NASA's Johnson Space Center, Armstrong said that he had seen the continents, lakes and blue spots(斑点) touched with red. But he could not make out any man-made objects on earth from the moon.
　　The Great Wall is narrow and irregular. In space, something irregular is hard to observe. Measuring about 10 metres wide on average, it easily merges(融入) into the surrounding environment. It is totally invisible at a height of 196,850 feet with the naked eye. Watching the wall on the moon is like seeking for a single hair from about 2,688 metres away. To say an astronaut can see it from space is obviously not true.
　　However, some people introduced an idea to make the Great Wall visible from space. If we install(安装) bright spotlights(聚光灯) on the wall, astronauts will see the lights at night. But this suggestion has not been carried out by scientific experiments.
5.Which is right about the statement “the Great Wall can be seen from space”
A.The news media cast doubt on it.
B.There was much evidence for it.
C.The astronauts played a trick on Chinese people.
D.The Chinese had belief in it for a long time.
6.What does the underlined word “majestic” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Invisible.　　　B.Bright.　　　C.Grand.　　　D.Visible.
7.What did Armstrong see from the moon
A.The Great Wall.　　　B.Bright spotlights.
C.Places painted blue.　　　D.Large area of land.
8.How does the author prove a point in Paragraph 4
A.By listing figures.　　　B.By giving examples.
C.By classifying facts.　　　D.By drawing conclusions.
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.violence　2.outcome　3.collapse　4.specialist
Ⅱ.1.urgent　考查形容词。设空处和loud并列,修饰名词matters,应用形容词。故填urgent。
2.ruins　考查名词复数。分析句子成分可知,设空处作介词but的宾语,应用名词;ruin作“残垣断壁;废墟”讲时为可数名词,其前无限定词修饰,所以应用复数。故填ruins。
3.consultation　考查名词。因设空处前有冠词a修饰,后有介词短语with a doctor or a mental health expert,所以应用名词。句意:抑郁症的诊断应该从向医生或心理健康专家咨询开始。故填consultation。
4.down　考查固定短语。wear down表示“磨损;逐渐磨平”,故填down。句意:机器开始磨损了,它们不像过去那样生产那么多螺母了。
5.between　考查介词。(a/the) conflict between A and B表示“A和B之间的冲突”。故填between。句意:一旦你与你朋友之间的冲突爆发,结果是不会让人满意的。
6. incredibly　考查副词。根据concerned可知,设空处作状语修饰形容词,需填副词,incredibly作副词,表示“难以置信地,极其”。故填incredibly。句意:他向雇主询问了他升职的可能性,这是他非常关心的事。
7.suspending　考查动名词。此处为固定用法insist on doing sth.,故填suspending。句意:首席执行官坚持要无限期地暂停这个项目。
8.preserved　考查过去分词。分析句子成分可知,句中已有谓语,设空处用非谓语形式作定语,提示词preserve意为“保存”,和所修饰的名词recipes构成被动关系,所以应用过去分词形式。句意:最早保存下来的制作卤的食谱可以追溯到写于6世纪的《齐民要术》,这是一部中国古代农业著作。
9.has been assessed　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,since引导时间状语从句,主句常用现在完成时,主句主语为leadership,与assess之间为被动关系,故用被动语态,此处leadership为不可数名词,所以谓语动词用单数形式,故填has been assessed。句意:从她半年前赢得选举以来,她的领导能力已经被评估并得到了认可。
10.less　考查固定句式。此处为“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”句型,表示“越……,(就)越……”,所以设空处用比较级形式,故填less。句意:我们越清楚自己是谁和自己想要什么,我们就越不会因他人而感到沮丧。
11.that　考查同位语从句的引导词。名词belief表示“相信;看法,信念”,后面的从句解释belief的内容,从句中不缺成分且意思完整,故用that引导。句意:你相信在这个世界上每一个人都是独一无二的吗
Ⅲ.1.wear and tear　2.At risk of　3.in need of
Ⅳ.1.If so　2.Not only does the ocean
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.currently　考查副词。分析句子成分可知,设空处作状语,应用副词。故填currently。
2.various　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词dangers,应用形容词作定语。故填various。
3.while　考查连词。分析句子结构可知,设空处连接两个并列分句,表示两者之间的对比。故填while。
4.to　考查介词。cause damage to...意为“对……造成损坏”,为固定短语。故填to。
5.which　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,分析句子结构可知,“one of 　5　 is the flood of tourists”中主语不完整,所以推测此处是“one of+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句,修饰指物的先行词problems。故填which。
类比启发　　此处为“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构引导定语从句,常见的此类结构有“some/several/a few/many/most+of+which/whom”。
6.increases　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知,此处叙述的是一般事实,应用一般现在时;主语growth在这里是不可数名词,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填increases。
7.putting　考查现在分词。分析句子成分可知,设空处作状语,表示前面的情况造成的自然而然的结果,应用现在分词。故填putting。
8.outcomes　考查名词复数。设空处作动词have的宾语,应用名词;outcome是可数名词,其前没有限定词修饰,所以应用复数。故填outcomes。
9.them　考查代词。设空处作动词treat的宾语,应用人称代词的宾格。故填them。
10.to protect　考查动词不定式。名词responsibility后常接动词不定式作后置定语,a/the responsibility to do sth.意为“做某事的责任”。故填to protect。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的篆刻艺术。
1.an　考查冠词。此处part为可数名词,表示“部分”,此处表示泛指,需用不定冠词,且inseparable的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
2.was added　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为谓语,China's seal engraving art和add之间为被动关系,根据时间状语“In September 2009”可知,此处介绍过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为单数意义,谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填was added。
3.dating　考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词has,设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,Seal engraving art和date之间为主动关系,需用现在分词形式。故填dating。
4.when　考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the Qin Dynasty,设空处在定语从句中作时间状语。故填when。
5.to mark　考查动词不定式。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“用某物做某事”。故填to mark。
6.combined　考查形容词。设空处作定语,修饰名词efforts,应用形容词。故填combined。
7.and　考查连词。设空处上文和下文之间是并列关系,需用连词and连接。故填and。
8.in　考查介词。be in use为固定搭配,意为“在使用中”。故填in。
9.appreciation　考查名词。设空处作宾语,应填名词,此处appreciation为不可数名词。故填appreciation。
10.have become　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语为“an increasing number of people”,助动词用have。故填have become。
【高频词汇】　1.foundation n.基础　2.rapidly adv.快速地　3.claim v.声称;要求　4.combine v.结合;联合
5.official adj.官方的　6.appreciate v.欣赏;感激
7.fascinated adj.入迷的
【差距词汇】　 1.inseparable adj.分不开的　2.intangible adj.无形的;不易度量的
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。一部名为《逃出大英博物馆》的三集网络短剧于8月30日发布,该剧讲述了一盏中国玉壶以女孩的身份复活后的回家之旅。这反映了中国人民要求大英博物馆归还中国文物的强烈愿望。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知,《逃出大英博物馆》系列视频主要讲述了一件中国文物的回家之旅。故选D。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The video series echoes the Chinese people's call for the British Museum to return these Chinese artifacts.”可知,该系列视频旨在强调中国人民渴望流失文物回归。故选C。
3.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In fact, every country whose artifacts are displayed or stored in the British Museum wants them back. These countries, such as Greece, Nigeria and Sudan, have already issued their demands for the return of artifacts. It's fair enough to say these demands are shared.”可推知,作者提到希腊、尼日利亚和苏丹等国家的目的是强调中国的诉求是许多国家的共同诉求。故选B。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“By ‘lawfully acquired’, does the writer mean the artifacts were acquired with the ‘help’ of machine guns and warships Or does he mean that the cultural artifacts of African, Asian and American countries should be kept in the hands of looters, rather than in their land of origin ”可知,作者认为这些文物是在机枪和军舰的“帮助”下获得的,是被掠夺的。由此推知,作者认为The Telegraph上的观点是完全不能接受的。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.release v.发布　2.come to life苏醒过来　3.come across偶然遇见　4.journalist n.新闻记者
5.awareness n.意识　6.display v.展览;陈列　7.issue v.宣布　8.demand n.要求　9.acquire v.获得
【熟词生义】　follow v.(书籍、电影等)呈现,描述
【差距词汇】　1.go viral病毒式传播;走红　2.jade adj.玉制的 n.玉　3.artifact n.历史文物　4.echo v.重复,附和
5.media outlet媒体机构　6.looter n.劫掠者
B
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。中国的长城是地球上最长的人造工程,人们普遍认为从太空中能看到它,而事实并非如此。
5.D　细节理解题。 根据第一段最后一句可知,“从太空中能看到长城”这种说法已经深入人心,让中国人多年来引以为荣。故选D。
6.C　词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句可知,长城是雄伟的建筑物;根据第二段最后一句中的but可知前后为转折关系,由此可推断,此处表示长城确实雄伟,但是你从太空中看不到它。majestic意为“雄伟的”。故选C。
7.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知,阿姆斯特朗说他看到了大陆、湖泊和带有些许红色的蓝色斑点,但他无法从月球上看清地球上的任何人造物体。故选D。
8.A　推理判断题。通过第四段中的10 metres、196,850 feet以及2,688 metres可知,作者是通过列数字来证明观点的。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.measure linking v.(指尺寸、长短等)量度为 v.测量;度量　2.consequently adv.因此,所以
3.definite adj.肯定的;确定的　4.negative adj.否定的　5.response n.回答;反应　6.put out熄灭　7.passion n.激情,热情　8.announce v.宣布;声明　9.on average平均　10.carry out执行,实施
【熟词生义】　fair adj.(数量、大小)相当大的
【差距词汇】　1.misconception n.错误认识;误解　2.the naked eye肉眼
长难句
原句　In fact, Neil Alden Armstrong, the American astronaut who first set foot on the moon in 1969, was asked many times whether or not he had seen the Great Wall from the moon.
分析　本句为主从复合句。“the American astronaut who...in 1969”为Neil Alden Armstrong的同位语,“who first set foot on the moon in 1969”为定语从句,修饰先行词the American astronaut;whether引导宾语从句。
译文　事实上,于1969年第一个踏上月球的美国宇航员尼尔·奥尔登·阿姆斯特朗曾被问过很多次他是否从月球上看到过长城。
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