译林版选择性必修二Unit 1 Part 2 Grammar and usage & Integrated skills分层练习（含解析）

Part 2　Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He 　　　　(倾倒) water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs.
2.I'm embarrassed at my ignorance of what they are talking about—　　　　(名人)and fashion, only nodding frequently.
3.Our team shook hands with dozens of　　　　(对手) in the competition when we arrived at the playing field.
4.She pushed herself to the　　　　(极限)to get a position in the company.
5.The competition is open to both a　　　　 and professional athletes.
6.All people, whether they are normal or disabled, should be treated with d　　　　.
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan 　　　　　(carry) out in the past two years.
2.The work 　　　　　 (finish) by the time the boss came back from Shanghai.
3.When asked about the cause of the accident, the man in charge said it 　　　　　(investigate).
4.The classroom　　　　　(clean) when the teacher came in, so the floor and windows were very clean.
5.It was the first time that the writer's work 　　　　　(publish).
6.If the new safety system 　　　　　(put) to use, the accident would never have happened.
7.The earthquake 　　　　　 (predict) several months before it happened.
8.(2024江苏泰州校考)The movie　　　　　(watch) by a large audience when the fire alarm went off.
题型(二)
On 14 April, 1912, the Titanic 　1　(sail) at full speed towards New York.The captain received warnings about icebergs which 　2　(give) by other ships. But finally, the Titanic hit an iceberg.The ship 　3　 (fill) with water before it sank into the sea. Many people lost their lives in the accident. The Titanic 　4　(search) for for decades. Finally, it was found with the help of advanced cameras in 1985.
1.　　　　 2.　　　　 3.　　　　 4.　　　　
题型(三)
1.截至上周末,所有参赛作品都已被参赛者上传。
By the end of last weekend, all the entries 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the competitors.
2.当我们到达机场时,我们发现由于暴风雨,所有的航班都被取消了。
When we reached the airport, we found that all the flights 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 due to the storm.
3.尽管他知道道路被洪水冲毁,但他仍然想尝试着去上学。
Even though he knew that the road 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　
　　　　floods, he still wanted to make an attempt to go to school.
4.去年的这个时候,有很多新发明正在科技展中展出。
Many new inventions 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 at the science exhibition at this time last year.
5.当我们到达大厅时,(人们)正在用迷你汽车装饰一棵巨大的圣诞树。
A huge Christmas tree 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 with mini cars when we got to the hall.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Bill Bowerman was a track and field coach. He wanted to help athletes who competed in the events run faster. So he learnt how to make running shoes. He had also started a shoe company with a friend. It was 1971. Running shoes at the time were heavy. They had spikes(鞋钉)on the sole(鞋底). The spikes tore the track and slowed down runners.
To make a lighter shoe, Bill tried the skins of fish. To make a better sole, he wanted to replace the spikes. Bill dug through his wife Barbara's jewelry box. He hoped to find a piece of jewelry with an interesting pattern. He would then copy the pattern onto the new soles. Nothing worked. Bill was defeated.
Then, one Sunday morning, Barbara made waffles(华夫饼) for breakfast. Bill watched her cook.
He studied the criss-cross pattern on a waffle iron.
Inspiration struck him. The pattern on the waffle iron was just what Bill was looking for. The squares were flatter and wider than sharp spikes.The pattern would help the shoes hold any surface tightly without tearing into it.
When Barbara left the house, Bill ran to his lab. He took the liquid chemicals that, when mixed, would harden into the sole of a shoe. He poured the mixture into the waffle iron—and the Waffle Trainer was born.
Bill's company put the Waffle Trainer on the market in 1974. It was a huge hit. Maybe you've heard of that company—it's called Nike. And today it's worth around$100 billion.
It was the waffle iron that had changed the course of Bill's life—and helped turn Nike into a well-known name. Today, the waffle iron is kept at Nike headquarters. It serves as a reminder that if we keep trying, we can find a solution to even the most difficult problem. And those solutions can come from unlikely places, even the breakfast table.
1.What shortcomings did the old-style running shoes have
A.They were hard to wear.　　　B.They were too large.
C.They were impractical.　　　D.They were easy to break.
2.Where did Bill get the inspiration to invent the famous Waffle Trainer
A.From the skin of the fish.　　　
B.From his wife's jewelry.
C.From the colour of the iron.　　　
D.From his wife's cooking tool.
3.What can we learn from Bill's success
A.A cheerful wife is the joy of life.　　　
B.Two heads are better than one.
C.Where there's a will, there's a way.　　　
D.A bad workman quarrels with his tools.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Waffles and Nike　　　B.Inspiration and Invention
C.A Great Inventor　　　D.A Well-Known Company
Ⅱ.七选五
Most athletes and parents would agree that sportsmanship is an important aspect of athletics. Although it comes in many forms, everyone can list what sportsmanship looks like. We shake hands before and after games. 　1　 These examples are just displaying good sportsmanship.
It is easy for parents and kids to get caught up in a game and become too focused on winning. Although winning is important, it is not always the most important aspect of the game. 　2　 Good sportsmanship is one of those life lessons that should be intentionally learned, taught and practiced.
No matter how much we would like to win, we cannot win every time. 　3　 After a hard-fought game, the loser feels frustrated at a defeat effort. It can be very difficult to look your opponents in the eye and tell them it's a good job. But this is what is asked of athletes. How do we handle losing with dignity
　4　 Almost nobody is willing to come second in a game, but only one can be the champion. There is no need to be overcome with defeat. Instead, accept failure and face up to it bravely, believing failure is the mother of success. Recognize the winners and congratulate them.
Winning is fun! It is the reward for your hard work. When we participate in a sport that keeps score, it is our responsibility to try our best to win within the rules of the game and within the spirit of the game. 　5　
A.Keep defeat in perspective.
B.So we need to learn to deal with defeat.
C.Besides, winning doesn't mean you are perfect.
D.We clap injured players once they are on their feet.
E.There is so much to be gained from an athletic experience.
F.We must ensure they have a fun and safe sports experience.
G.But winning becomes a negative when it is a team's only goal.
1.　　　　 2.　　　　 3.　　　　 4.　　　　 5.　　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
Jacky Hunt-Broersma completed 104 marathons in 104 days, breaking the world record for most consecutive marathons. She set her goal in January and 　1　 about five hours to complete each run.
She is grateful because running has given her the　2　 she was afraid she would never regain. In 2002, doctors 　3　 that she had a rare type of bone cancer. Within two weeks, they amputated (截) her left leg to save her life. For the first couple of years, Jacky 　4　 with the change in her life. She was 　5　 to be different. She wore long trousers in public so that people would not notice her 　6　 leg.
Several years ago, she　7　 to do some running with the help of her husband. 　8　, she runs on a prosthetic (假体的) leg made out of a strong, light 　9　 known as carbon fiber, which is costly for her. But her 　10　 is worth it. “Running has literally changed my life. It has made such a 　11　 to my mental state and shown me how 　12　 my body can be. It has given me a totally new 　13　 of who I am. I fall in love with the process of pushing my body further to see what I can do,” she said.
“The best thing is the support I've received from people who've
　14　, telling me how this has inspired them to 　15　 themselves in turn,” she said. “I am ambitious and I am determined to keep going.”
1.A.totaled　　　B.wasted
C.averaged　　　D.saved
2.A.relief　　　B.anxiety
C.confidence　　　D.trust
3.A.described　　　B.announced
C.complained　　　D.explained
4.A.negotiated　　　B.struggled
C.grew　　　D.dealt
5.A.innocent　　　B.embarrassed
C.born　　　D.courageous
6.A.artificial　　　B.ugly
C.muscular　　　D.practical
7.A.applied　　　B.attempted
C.happened　　　D.pretended
8.A.Currently　　　B.Temporarily
C.Immediately　　　D.Fortunately
9.A.instrument　　　B.shoe
C.material　　　D.trouser
10.A.investment　　　B.judgement
C.achievement　　　D.development
11.A.comparison　　　B.commitment
C.preference　　　D.difference
12.A.strong　　　B.important
C.slim　　　D.unique
13.A.expression　　　B.translation
C.acceptance　　　D.discussion
14.A.held on　　　B.taken off
C.shown up　　　D.reached out
15.A.enjoy　　　B.push
C.cure　　　D.serve
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 2　Sports culture
Part 2　Grammar and usage &
Integrated skills
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.poured　2.celebrities　3.opponents　4.limit(s)　5.amateur　6.dignity
Ⅱ.题型(一)
1.had been carried　考查时态和语态。句意:上个月,我被派往这个村子,去看看过去两年中,发展计划执行得怎么样了。carry out表示的动作发生在I was sent之前,所以要用过去完成时。carry out 和宾语从句的主语the development plan之间是被动关系,应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been carried。
2.had been finished　考查时态和语态。by the time引导的时间状语从句的时态是一般过去时,finish表示的动作发生在从句的动作之前,即过去的过去,主句中The work与动词finish之间是被动关系,应用过去完成时的被动语态,故填had been finished。
3.was being investigated　考查时态和语态。句意:当被问及事故原因时,负责人说事故原因正在调查中。根据语境可知,宾语从句中的动作在过去某一时间正在进行,动词investigate与代词it(指代the cause of the accident)之间是被动关系,所以应用过去进行时的被动语态。故填was being investigated。
4.had been cleaned　考查时态和语态。when引导的时间状语从句的时态是一般过去时,老师进来时clean表示的动作已经完成,即过去的过去,The classroom和动词clean之间为被动关系,应用过去完成时的被动语态,故填had been cleaned。
5.had been published　考查时态和语态。在“This/That/It was the first/second/...time that...”句型中,that从句用过去完成时,work与动词publish之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填had been published。
6.had been put　考查时态和语态。句意:如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用的话,这个事故是绝不会发生的。在条件状语从句中,表示对过去事实的虚拟,应用过去完成时,the new safety system与动词短语put...to use之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填had been put。
7.had been predicted　考查时态和语态。根据several months before it happened可知,此处predict表示的动作发生在过去的过去,earthquake和predict之间是被动关系,应用过去完成时的被动语态,故填had been predicted。
8.was being watched　考查时态和语态。动词watch与主句主语The movie之间是被动关系,结合句意和时间状语从句when the fire alarm went off可知,“看电影”是火警报警器响起时正在发生的动作,谓语动词应用过去进行时的被动语态;主语是单数名词,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was being watched。
题型(二)
1.was sailing　2.had been given　3.had been filled
4.had been searched
题型(三)
1.had been uploaded by　2.had been cancelled　3.had been destroyed by　4.were being exhibited/displayed
5.was being decorated
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Bill Bowerman 决心设计一款新型轻便跑鞋,几经挫折,最后妻子的华夫饼烤模给了他设计灵感,最终诞生了新款耐克训练鞋,耐克公司也成为知名体育用品公司。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Running shoes at the time were heavy.They had spikes on the sole. The spikes tore the track and slowed down runners.”可知,老式跑鞋的缺点是不实用。故选C。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Inspiration struck him. The pattern on the waffle iron was just what Bill was looking for.”可知,Bill从妻子的华夫饼烤模中找到了制作新款跑鞋的灵感。故选D。
3.C　推理判断题。Bill发现老式跑鞋的弊端,决心设计新款跑鞋,经过多次尝试,终于从华夫饼烤模中获得灵感,设计了大受欢迎的华夫跑鞋。这个过程启示人们只要坚持尝试,就能找到解决办法。所以Bill的成功说明了“有志者,事竟成”这个道理。最后一段中的“It serves as a reminder that...most difficult problem.”也提示了答案。故选C。
4.A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,Bill在设计新款跑鞋的过程中多次受阻,但在妻子制作华夫饼时受到启发而突破了瓶颈,让新款耐克鞋得以发明,华夫饼是新款耐克鞋诞生的关键,由此可知A项“华夫饼和耐克”适合作为本文的标题。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.tear v.撕破,划破　2.replace v.替换;代替　3.inspiration n.灵感　4.strike v.突然想到　5.serve as充当
长难句
原句　It serves as a reminder that if we keep trying, we can find a solution to even the most difficult problem.
分析　本句是主从复合句。句中that引导同位语从句,解释说明reminder的内容;if引导条件状语从句。
译文　它提醒我们,如果我们不断尝试,即使是最困难的问题,我们也能找到解决方案。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了运动员和观众在体育比赛中的行为和态度,强调了体育精神的重要性,并呼吁人们以积极的态度面对失败和胜利。
1.D　根据空后内容“These examples are just displaying good sportsmanship.”可推测出,设空处是展示良好体育精神的例子。D项和空前“We shake hands before and after games.”都是展现良好的体育精神的例子,与下文内容一致。故选D。
2.E　根据空前内容“Although winning is important, it is not always the most important aspect of the game.”可知,虽然获胜很重要,但它并不总是比赛中最重要的方面。再根据空后内容“Good sportsmanship is one of those life lessons that should be intentionally learned, taught and practiced.”可知,设空处指的是我们可以从比赛中学到很多。E项承上启下,承接上文说明从运动中可以学到很多,又引出下文,我们可以从中学到体育精神。故选E。
3.B　根据空后内容“After a hard-fought game...is asked of athletes.”可知,下文讲述要学会面对失败。B项与下文内容一致,指的都是学会面对失败。故选B。
4.A　设空处为段首句,为本段主旨句。根据下文“Almost nobody is...and congratulate them.”可知,本段主要讲述要正确客观地看待失败。A项符合本段主要内容。故选A。
5.G　设空处为段尾句,客观为本段总结句。根据空前的内容“Winning is fun...spirit of the game.”可知,前文讲述的是获胜确实很有趣。G项“但是当获胜是团队唯一的目标的时候,获胜就变成了坏的东西”衔接上文,告诉我们要正确看待获胜。故选G项。
【高频词汇】　1.aspect n.方面,层面　2.display v.展示,显示 n.陈列,展览;展示,表演　3.get caught up in陷入,被卷入　4.become focused on专注于 5.congratulate v.祝贺　6.reward n.回报　7.responsibility n.责任;职责,义务
【熟词生义】　1.lesson n.教训,经验　2.overcome v.受到……的极大影响
【差距词汇】　1.sportsmanship n.运动员风范,体育精神　2.intentionally adv.刻意地　3.frustrated adj.懊恼,沮丧;失意的　4.face up to敢于面对,敢于正视(困难或不快之事)
长难句
原句　When we participate in a sport that keeps score, it is our responsibility to try our best to win within the rules of the game and within the spirit of the game.
分析　该句是主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句,主句中it为形式主语,动词不定式短语“to try our best to win...”为真正的主语。
译文　当我们参加一项记分的运动时,我们有责任在比赛规则和比赛精神的范围内尽我们最大的努力赢得比赛。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了因患骨癌而被截去左腿的Jacky Hunt-Broersma在尝试借助假肢跑步后,找回了自信,并爱上了这项运动,在104天内完成了104次马拉松比赛,打破了连续跑马拉松最多的世界纪录。
1.C　根据句中“set her goal”和“five hours to complete each run”可知,一次跑五个小时应该是个平均数,是她设定的目标。故选C。
2.C　根据下文“It has made...of who I am.”可知,跑步使Jacky看到了自己的能力,对自己有了全新的认识,重新获得了信心。故选C。
3.B　根据“doctors”和句意可知,应该是在医院由医生们诊断后,宣布了她的疾病。故选B。
4.B　根据上文“Within two weeks, they amputated her left leg to save her life.”可知,她失去了左腿,生理和心理都应该发生了很大的变化,生活一定非常艰难,所以她在最初的几年,应该是在这种变化中挣扎、艰难地生活。故选B。
5.B　根据下文“She wore long...notice her 　6　 leg.”可知,她故意用长裤掩盖自己的假腿,是因为她不愿意让别人看到她的不同,她感到很不好意思。故选B。
6.A　根据下文“she runs on a prosthetic leg...known as carbon fiber”可知,她在截肢后安装了假肢。故选A。
7.B　根据下文“　8　, she runs on a prosthetic leg...known as carbon fiber”可知,她现在一直坚持戴着假肢跑步,可见几年前,她是开始尝试跑步。故选B。
8.A　根据主句谓语动词“runs”可知,该句用了一般现在时,应该是指目前的情况。故选A。
9.C　根据句中“made out of”和“carbon fiber”可知,这种碳纤维是一种材料,可用来制作假肢。故选C。
10.A　根据上一句中的“which is costly for her”可知,Jacky的假肢花了她很大一笔钱,对她来说是一笔不小的投资。故选A。
11.D　根据上一句“Running has literally changed my life.”和下文的“I fall in love...what I can do”可知,跑步改变了Jacky的生活,她也因跑步推动了她身体的潜能而爱上了这项运动,可见跑步对她的精神状态产生了巨大的影响。故选D。
12.A　根据上文的“Jacky Hunt-Broersma...most consecutive marathons.”和下文的“I fall in love...what I can do”可知,Jacky在马拉松比赛中取得了卓越的成绩,跑步让Jacky看到了自己身体的潜能,看到了自己的身体能有多么强壮。故选A。
13.C　根据上一句中的“and shown me how 　12　 my body can be”和下一句“I fall in love...what I can do”及本句中的“who I am”可知,Jacky通过跑步看到了自己的身体能有多么强壮,看到了自己的潜力,能够做到什么,从而对自己有了一个全新的认识,接受并认可现在的自己。故选C。
14.D　根据本句中的“the support”可知,这里是指曾经帮助过Jacky,向她伸出援手的人们。故选D。
15.B　根据本句中的“inspired them”和“in turn”可知,Jacky对跑步的热爱和坚持转而激励帮助过她的人们推动自己不断地努力前行。故选B。
【高频词汇】　1.complete v.完成,结束 adj.完全的;整个的　2.grateful adj.感激的,表示感谢的　3.rare adj.稀有的,罕见的　4.worth adj.值得,有……价值
5.process n.过程,进程　6.inspire v.激励,鼓舞;启发
【熟词生义】　average v.平均为
【差距词汇】　1.consecutive adj.连续不断的
2.negotiate v.谈判,协商;达成(协议)
长难句
原句　She is grateful because running has given her the confidence she was afraid she would never regain.
分析　该句是主从复合句。because引导原因状语从句,状语从句中she was afraid是插入语,she would never regain 是省略that的定语从句,修饰先行词confidence。
译文　她很感激,因为跑步给了她她害怕自己永远无法重获的信心。
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