Unit 3 Fit for life单元精讲精练课件-译林版选择性必修二

(共52张PPT)
高频词汇精讲
It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contract-
ing certain diseases.它(基因组)还包含了有助于决定我们寿命长短和影响我们患某些疾病概
率的信息。 (教材P30)
情景导学
Though he was affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance, Henry was still capable
of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness.尽
管演出结束后不久,亨利就逐渐失明了,但他仍然能够写曲子,他发现创作音乐是一种宽慰,可
以治愈他的疾病。
高频词汇 情景破
词汇 1 affect vt.影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动
用法归纳
be affected　　 ...受……影响;被……侵袭;被……打动
词汇拓展
①affection n.喜爱,钟爱
have (an) affection for...喜爱/钟爱……
Table tennis is the only sport that my son has affection for.乒乓球是我儿子唯一喜欢的体育
运动。
②effect n.结果;效果;影响
have an effect on=affect 对……有影响
As is known to us, smoking has a bad effect on our health.众所周知,吸烟对我们的健康有不良影
响。 (写作·健康)
by
Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases...遗传学家一直在试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关…… (教材P30)
情景导学
After sharing the story online,I heard from someone,who identified the lady as Erin Smith.在网上
分享了这个故事之后,我收到了一个人的来信,这个人认出那位女士是埃琳·史密斯。 (2019
天津)
I really enjoy the book because I can identify with some of the main characters.我真的喜欢这本
书,因为我能与其中的一些主要人物产生共鸣。 (写作·推荐书籍)
用法归纳
①identify...　　 ...确认……是……;表明……是……
②identify 　　 sb.与某人产生共鸣
词汇 2 identify vt.找到,发现;确认,认出;显示,说明身份
as
with
③identify sb. with sth.把某人视为某物
④identify A with B 认为A等同于B
⑤be identified with...支持……;与……有密切关联
词汇拓展
①identification n.鉴定;辨认;确认,确定;身份证明
②identical adj.完全同样的,相同的
be identical in... 在……方面完全一样
be identical to/with... 与……完全一样
To my astonishment, the handwriting on this cheque was identical to the one on that cheque.让我吃惊的是,这张支票上的笔迹与那张支票上的笔迹完全相同。 (读后续写·心理描写)
Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases... 遗传学家一直在
试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关…… (教材P30)
情景导学
The final reason for worker shortages relates to the extraordinary reallocation of resources under
way in the world's largest economy.劳动力短缺的最后一个原因与全球最大经济体中正在进
行的资源的异常重新配置有关。 (The Economist)
The report seeks to relate the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment.这份报告试图把犯罪
活动的增加和失业人数的增加联系起来。
The chief editor related the facts of the case to journalists at the meeting.总编辑在会上向记者讲
述了案件的事实。
词汇 3 relate vi.& vt.联系,使有联系;叙述,讲述
用法归纳
①relate...　　 ...把……和……联系起来;向……讲述……
②relate to 涉及;了解;　　　　　
词汇拓展
①related adj.相关的;有联系的;有亲属关系的
be related to...与……有关;与……有亲属关系
It has been found that not eating breakfast is related to the incidence of certain diseases in some
countries.在一些国家,人们发现不吃早餐与某些疾病的发病率有关。
②relation n.关系;联系;亲戚
relations with... 与……的关系
relations/the relation between A and B A和B之间的关系
to
与……相关
bear no relation to...与……无关
in relation to关于,涉及;相对……而言
People have different opinions in relation to the phenomenon.关于这一现象,人们有不同的看
法。 (写作·议论文)
③relative adj.相比较而言的;相对的 n.亲戚,亲属
Considering the failure of the previous plan, this plan turned out to be a relative success.考虑
到前一个计划的失败,这个计划结果是相对成功的。
...as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.
……因为他们认为基因组编辑是一种治疗和预防疾病的有效手段。 (教材P30)
情景导学
Nowadays many people travel around China by means of high-speed rail.如今,许多人乘高铁环
游中国。
By no means can we give up halfway.我们决不能半路放弃。
Only by this means can we live in harmony with nature.只有用这种方法我们才能与自然和谐
相处。 (写作·保护自然)
用法归纳
①means of (doing) sth.(做)某事的方法
词汇 4 means n.(pl.means)方法,方式;财富,钱财
②by this means用这种方法
③by means　　 ...借助……手段;依靠……方法
④　　　　　　 /not by any means决不;根本不;一点也不(置于句首时,句子用部分倒装)
⑤by all means可以;当然行;没问题
特别提醒
当means表示“方法,方式,手段”时,单复数同形。means作主语且有every、 each、 one等词
修饰时,谓语动词用单数;有some、 several、many、all、few等词修饰时,谓语动词用复数。
词汇拓展
①mean v.意思是;打算;意味着 adj.吝啬的;刻薄的
mean to do sth. 打算做某事
of
by no means
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
Playing computer games means wasting time.玩电脑游戏意味着浪费时间。
②“(做)某事的方法”的其他表达:
the approach to (doing) sth.
the way to do/of doing sth.
the method of/for (doing) sth.
As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use
it appropriately.然而,随着这一技术不断迅猛发展,关于如何合理使用它的问题出现了。 (教
材P31)
情景导学
You can't be too careful while driving, for accidents often arise from carelessness. 开车时再小心
也不为过,因为事故往往是由粗心引起的。
用法归纳
arise　　 /out of...由……引起,因……产生,相当于result from。
特别提醒
arise作“发生;出现”讲时,主语多为抽象名词,如situation、argument、problem、difficulty、
quarrel、question等,多指不好的事情发生。
词汇 5 arise vi.(arose, arisen)发生,出现;(由……)引起,(因……)产生;起立;起身;起床
from
词汇拓展
①rise vi.升起;上升;起床;增长 n.(数量或水平的)增加,提高;上升
②raise vt.举起,提起,提升;增加,提高(数量、水平等)
情景助记

Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies 我们是否应该禁止遗传
学家使用它(基因组编辑技术)来使健康的身体更加强健 (教材P31)
情景导学
Visitors are prohibited from entering this area for the sake of their safety.为了安全起见,游客不
准进入这个区域。 (写作·通告)
The new rule prohibits smoking in these places like restaurants, hotels, railway stations and the-
atres, but not in the office.这项新规定禁止在像餐厅、旅店、火车站和剧院这些地方吸烟,但
不包括在办公室。
用法归纳
①prohibit sb. 　　 doing sth.禁止某人做某事
词汇 6 prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;使不可能
from
②prohibit 　　 sth.禁止做某事
词汇拓展
①prohibition n.禁止;禁令
a prohibition against/on... 一项对……的禁令
②“禁止/阻止某人做某事”的表达还有:
forbid sb. from doing sth./to do sth.
ban sb. from doing sth.
stop sb. (from) doing sth.
prevent sb. (from) doing sth.
keep sb. from doing sth.
doing
forbid 普通用词,适用于日常各种情况,或者上级对下级下发的禁令
prohibit 正式用词,强调通过法律或政府法令禁止
ban 语气最强,指权威机关正式禁止,含严厉谴责之意,作“明令禁止,取缔”讲时,只能用事物作宾语
易混辨析
The teacher forbade the students to go hiking.老师不许学生们去徒步旅行。
Some countries began to prohibit research into human cloning.一些国家开始禁止研究人类克
隆。
Ban Internet rumors!禁止网络谣言!
There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing.在基因组编辑这
一话题上仍有许多有待探索和讨论的地方。 (教材P31)
情景导学
They debated with each other about/on what courses they should take in the coming year.他们互
相讨论来年应该修什么课程。
The suggestion of building a new library in this city is still under debate.在这个城市建一座新图
书馆的建议仍在讨论中。
Recently, our class has held a debate on whether cloning technology should be developed.最近,
我们班举行了一场关于是否应该发展克隆技术的辩论。 (写作·议论文)
词汇 7 debate vt.& vi.讨论,辩论;仔细考虑,思考 n.讨论,争论;辩论
用法归纳
①debate with sb.　　 sth.与某人辩论/讨论某事
②debate whether/how/what...讨论是否/如何/什么……;仔细考虑是否/如何/什么……
③debate with oneself某人仔细考虑
④debate doing sth.仔细考虑做某事
⑤under debate 　　　　　　　
⑥a debate　　 /about/over...一场关于……的辩论/争论
情景助记
on/about
在辩论/讨论中
on
I was equipped with an artificial hand, but it did not feel like part of me.我装上了一只假手,但感
觉它并不像我的一部分。 (教材P34)
情景导学
At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different
facial expressions in humans.这时候,尚不清楚为什么狗似乎具有识别人类的不同的面部表情
的能力。 (2021浙江)
We aim to equip young graduates for a competitive business environment.我们力争使年轻的毕
业生能够适应竞争激烈的商业环境。
Some lessons can equip children to deal with the growing demands for social media.有些课程可
以使孩子们能够应对日益增长的社交媒体需求。
词汇 8 equip vt.配备;使有能力
用法归纳
①be equipped 　　 ...装有/配有……
②be well/poorly/fully equipped 装备完善/简陋/齐全
③equip sb.　　 sth.使某人能够胜任某事
④equip sb. 　　 sth.使某人能够做某事
特别提醒
equip的过去式和过去分词是equipped;现在分词是equipping。
词汇拓展
equipment n.[U]设备,器材;配备,装备
a piece of equipment一件设备
with
for
to do
I'm so grateful for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up.我很感激我的机械手
带来的所有新的可能。 (教材P34)
情景导学
I would be grateful if you could give me some advice.如果您能给我些建议,我将不胜感激。
(写作·求助信)
He was grateful that she didn't tell his parents about the incident.他很感激她未将此事告诉他的
父母。
His family were grateful for the support they had received from their friends.他的家人因为从他
们的朋友那里得到支持而表示感谢。
The student was grateful to his English teacher, without whose encouragement he wouldn't have
词汇 9 grateful adj.感激的,表示感谢的
pulled through.这个学生很感激他的英语老师,没有老师的鼓励他就不会渡过难关。
用法归纳
①be grateful 　　 sb.感激某人
②be grateful　　 sth.因某事而表示感谢
③be grateful that...感激……
④I would be grateful if you could...如果你能……我将不胜感激。(尤用于书信或正式场合提
出请求)
词汇拓展
gratitude n.[U]感激之情;感谢
express one's gratitude to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人表示感谢
to
for
The school has adjusted all the lights to make sure the classrooms are well lit.学校调整了所有的
灯以确保教室灯光明亮。 (教材P37)
情景导学
When Riley moves to a new city, she has a hard time adjusting to her new surroundings.当莱利
搬到一个新城市时,她很难适应新环境。
They adjusted themselves to the city life quickly.他们很快就适应了城市生活。
They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early, or they
should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.他们要么应该更好地监控自己的网
站,以免儿童过早地注册,要么应该根据更年轻的用户的需要调整自己的网站。
词汇 10 adjust vt.& vi.调整,调节;适应,习惯;整理
用法归纳
①adjust 　　 ...适应……
②adjust...to...　　　　 　
③adjust 　　 to...使自己适应……
词汇拓展
①adjustment n.调整;调节
make an adjustment to...对……做出调整
According to the present situation, he had to make an adjustment to his plan.根据现在的形势,
他只好调整计划。
②adjustable adj.可调整的,可调节的
The height of the bike seat is adjustable.这辆自行车车座的高度可以调节。
to
根据……调整……
oneself
And it has been used to treat more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered
that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and anxiety too.它(针灸)不仅用于
治疗身体问题——针灸师发现这种疗法对像抑郁和焦虑这样的精神问题也有帮助。 (教
材P40)
情景导学
Tom's anxiety to succeed led him to work hard.汤姆对成功的渴望使他努力工作。
She waited for the result of the interview with anxiety, only to be told that she hadn't been hired.
她焦虑地等待面试结果,结果被告知自己没有被录用。 (读后续写·心理描写)
用法归纳
①　　 anxiety 焦虑地
词汇 11 anxiety n.焦虑;担心;渴望
with
②anxiety about/over...对……的焦虑/忧虑
③relieve stress and anxiety缓解压力和焦虑
④anxiety 　　 sth./for sth.对做某事的渴望/对某事的渴望
词汇拓展
①anxious adj.焦虑,忧虑,担心;令人焦虑的;渴望,非常希望
be anxious about sth. 为某事物担心
be anxious for sb. 为某人担心
be anxious for sth. 渴望某物
be anxious (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望(某人)做某事
be anxious that... 渴望……(从句谓语用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略)
He was anxious for his family, who were travelling abroad.他为正在国外旅行的家人担心。
to do
When I was fourteen, I was so anxious to see more art that a friend of mine and I bicycled
across the Alps to see Venice.14岁的时候,我非常渴望看到更多的艺术以至于我和一个朋友骑
自行车穿过阿尔卑斯山去看威尼斯。 (2022全国甲)
②anxiously adv.焦虑地,焦急地
We waited anxiously for our examination results.我们焦急地等待着考试结果。
词汇 释义 用法&拓展
specialize vi.专门研究(或从事),专攻 specialize in...专门从事……,专攻……
specialization n.专业化;专门化
specialized adj.专门的,专用的,专业化的
specialized skills专门技能
specialist n.专家;专科医生
fundamental adj.十分重大的,根本的;基础的,基本的 n.基本规律,根本法则,基础 fundamental principles基本原则(2023北京)
a question of fundamental importance首要问题
a fundamental change 根本变化
be fundamental to 是……的基础
the fundamentals of modern physics现代物理学的基本原理
basic adj.基本的
高频词汇积累
pace n.发生的速度,节奏;步速;快节奏 vi.& vt.来回踱步,走来走去;确定速度,调整节奏 at a fast pace 快速地
at one's own pace 按某人自己的节奏
keep pace with... 与……并驾齐驱/步调一致
set the pace确定速度;确立标准;领先
pace up and down来回走动
restrict vt.限制,限定;束缚,妨碍;约束,管束 restrict...to把……限制在(某范围等);把……限定为(某数量等)
restrict sb./oneself to (doing) sth.约束/管束某人/自己做某事
restriction n.限制规定;限制法规
re-是前缀,表示“又,再,重新”。如:reapply再申请;reopen重新开业
resistance n.抵抗力;抵制,反对;抵抗,反抗 resistance to...对……的抵制/抵抗/抵抗能力
disease resistance 抗病能力
resist v.抵制;反抗;使不受……的伤害
resistant adj.抵制的,反抗的;有抵抗力的
-ance表示“行动或状况”。
如:acceptance接受;entrance入口;assistance帮助;guidance指导
characteristic n.特征,特点 adj.典型的,独特的 a characteristic of...……的特征
genetic characteristics遗传特征
be characteristic of是……的典型特征
character n.品质;特点;文字;角色
feature n.特点
withdraw vi.脱离(社会),不与人交往 vt.停止提供,不再给予 vi.& vt.(使)撤回;(使)退出 withdraw...from...使……从……退出/撤离
withdraw into oneself脱离社会, 不与人交往
withdrawal n.撤走;收回;提款;取款;脱瘾期
artificial adj.人工的,人造的;人为的;虚假的 artificial intelligence(=AI)人工智能
artificial lighting/light人工照明/人造光
disabled adj.有残疾的,丧失能力的 the disabled残疾人(用作主语
时, 谓语动词用复数形式)
disable v.使丧失能力
disability n.缺陷,障碍
able adj.有能力的
be able to 能够(用作情态动词)
disabled adj.有残疾的,丧失能力的 dis-是否定前缀,表示“不,非,相反,相对”。如:disappear消失;disagree不同意;disobey不服从;discourage劝阻
disturb vt.使不安;打扰;搅乱 Do not disturb.请勿打扰。
disturbance n.打扰
evidence n.证据,证明;物证,人证 vt.证明, 表明(生义) supporting evidence支持证据(2022新高考Ⅰ)
There is evidence that...有证据表明……
As evidenced by such examples, age has nothing to do
with the ability to learn.这些例子证明,年龄和学习能力没有关系。
date back to 追溯到,始于,自……至今 date from 追溯到
注意:date back to 和date from都不用于进行时态和被动语态,但可用现在分词形式(dating back to/dating
from)作状语
switch vi.& vt.转变;交换;调班 n.开关,闸;转变,改变 switch on(用开关)开
switch off(用开关)关掉;不再想着(生义)
switch from...to...从……转变为……
a light switch电灯开关
a policy switch 政策的转变
Thankfully, I've learned to switch off and be myself.幸
好,我已经学会了不再理睬,做自己。
examine vt.(仔细地)检查,检验;审查,
调查;考,测试;(尤指在法庭
上)审问,查问 examine sb. (in/on sth.)(在……方面)测验某人
examine sb./sth. for sth.检查某人/物,看是否有某物
examination n.检查,检验;审查;考试
be under examination在审查中
examiner n.主考人,考官;审查人,检查人
severe adj.十分严重的,极为恶劣的;
严厉的;艰难的 a severe punishment 严厉的惩罚
a severe expression 严厉的表情
severely adv.非常严重地;严厉地,严肃地
abuse vt.滥用;虐待;辱骂 n.滥用;虐
待;辱骂 Don't abuse your friend.不要辱骂你的朋友。
alcohol abuse 酗酒
drug abuse嗜毒
symbol n.象征;符号,代号 a symbol for...……的符号/代号/标记
a symbol of...……的象征
symbolize v.象征
Without them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.如果没有它们的话,
基因组编辑可能会像失控的汽车一样危险。 (教材P31)
情景导学
Without the Internet, people would have fewer ways to meet others.如果没有互联网,人们结识
其他人的方式会更少。 (写作·互联网的利弊)
Without his aid, my skills in English wouldn't have been greatly improved! 没有他的帮助,我的
英语技能不会有很大的提升! (写作·感谢)
用法归纳
①without可以用于表示对事实的虚拟,句子用虚拟语气。
②表示对现在或将来的虚拟时,句子谓语用“could/　　 /should+动词原形”。
经典结构 情景破
结构 1 含without的虚拟语气
would
③表示对过去的虚拟时,句子谓语用“would/could/should+　　 ”。
结构拓展
类似的还有but for,其用法与without相同;otherwise也常用来表示虚拟条件。
But for your advice, I would have failed.如果没有你的建议,我就会失败了。
The workers were not better organized, otherwise they would have accomplished the task in
half the time.工人们没有被更好地组织起来,否则他们只用一半的时间就能完成任务。
have done
Up to now, more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified, each linked to a different part
of the body.到目前为止,已有360多个针刺穴位被确认,每一个穴位对应身体的一个不同部
位。 (教材P39)
情景导学
The class over, the students came to the playground.下课了,学生们来到了操场上。
He came out of the library, a book under his arm.他从图书馆里出来了,胳膊下夹着一本书。
So much work to do, we have no time to play.有这么多工作要做,我们没有时间玩。
They were talking to the natives, the guide acting as interpreter.他们在和当地人交谈,导游担任
口译员。
There were hundreds of guests, all dressed in colourful, formal clothes.到场宾客数以百计, 个个
结构 2 独立主格结构
身着色彩艳丽的礼服。
There being no buses, they had to walk home.没有公共汽车了,他们不得不走回家。
用法归纳
①独立主格结构在句中作状语,表示原因、条件、时间、伴随等。
②独立主格结构的构成:逻辑主语+过去分词/　　　　　 /　　　　　 /形容词/　　 /
　　　　　 /名词。
③特点:独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。独立主格结构一般用逗
号与句子分开。
特别提醒
①在独立主格结构中用动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词的意义是不同的。动词不定式往
往表示没有发生或即将发生的动作,现在分词表示主动的、正在进行的动作或现在的状态,
现在分词
不定式
副词
介词短语
过去分词往往表示被动的、已经完成的动作。独立主格结构有时可以和with的复合结构互
换。
With many flowers planted around, his house looks like a beautiful garden.
=Many flowers planted around, his house looks like a beautiful garden.
周围种了许多花,他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花园。
②含有独立主格结构的句子前后两部分之间没有连词。独立主格结构有时可以转换为状语
从句。
The party will be held in the garden, weather permitting.
=The party will be held in the garden, if weather permits.
如果天气允许的话,聚会将在花园里举行。
Sentence 1
译文　遗传学家一直在试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关,因为他们认为基因组编辑是一种
治疗和预防疾病的有效手段。
长难句 图解
宾语从句
原因状语从句
宾语从句
后置定语
Sentence 2
译文 我们还将能够在孩子出生前为他们选择特定的特征,创造出一些人所说的“设计婴
儿”。
时间状语从句
宾语从句
Sentence 3
译文　有证据表明,针灸可以追溯到石器时代,当时叫做“砭”的石器被用来按压身体的一
些部位。
同位语从句
非限制性
定语从句
后置定语
Sentence 4
译文　如今,长度通常在15到75毫米之间的细而锋利的针仍在使用,而大多数其他的针已被
更复杂的医疗器械取代。
定语从句
Sentence 5
译文　例如,有不同的理论试图解释它如何减轻疼痛,但没有达成一致意见。
后置定语
宾语从句
现在完成进行时
一、现在完成进行时的构成
情景导学
He has been writing articles for the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher.自从任
教以来,他一直在为报纸和杂志撰稿。
用法归纳
现在完成进行时的构成: have/has ①　　　　　 。
二、现在完成进行时的用法
情景导学1
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.自古希腊时代以来,人
必备语法 情景破
been doing
们就不断涌入体育场。 (2021全国乙)
I have been waiting for an hour, but she hasn't come yet.我都等了一个小时了,但是她还没来。
用法归纳1
现在完成进行时表示某一动作从过去开始一直持续到现在并有可能继续进行下去,常与
② 　 或since引出的时间状语连用。
情景导学2
We have been discussing the matter several times this year.我们今年已经讨论那件事好几次
了。
She has been phoning Jim every night for the past two weeks.过去两个星期,她每天晚上都给吉
姆打电话。
The weather has been changeable lately;I've been having a lot of colds.最近天气变化无常, 我时
for
常感冒。
用法归纳2
现在完成进行时有时表示动作从过去到现在并不是在一直不停地进行,而是断断续续地重
复,常与③　　　　 、recently、this week、this year等时间状语连用。
情景导学3
Too much has been happening today.今天真是一个多事之日。
You are here! I have been looking for you for a long time.你在这里啊!我找了你很长时间。
I have been wanting to see you for a long time.很长时间以来,我一直想见到你。
用法归纳3
现在完成进行时有时带有浓厚的感彩, 表示“愿望或感慨”等。
lately
三、现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别
情景导学
I have been thinking it over.我一直在仔细考虑这件事。(延续性)
I have thought it over.我仔细考虑过这件事了。(影响或结果)
I have been reading the book since last week.自从上周以来,我一直在读这本书。(动作重复)
I have read this book.我读过这本书。(动作已完成)
Recently she has always been helping me.最近她一直在帮助我。(表示赞许)
Recently she has helped me a lot.最近她帮了我很多。(陈述事实)
用法归纳
1.现在完成时表示动作已经④　　 ,强调动作的结果或影响。
2.现在完成进行时表示动作在迄今为止的一段时间内持续进行并有可能继续进行下去,强调
动作的⑤　　　　 ,也可表示动作断断续续地重复或表达某种感彩。
完成
持续性
即时巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2022新高考Ⅰ)My husband, our children and I　　　　 (have) wonderful camping experi-
ences over the past ten years.
2.(2022北京)If you believe you　　　 　 (receive) the email in error, email the PASS office
at passoffice@umbs.edu.
3.(2019全国Ⅱ)I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 　　　　 (make)
over the years.
4.Recently, a newly-furnished section, consisting of eight group learning rooms, 　　　　 (be)
open to us students in our school library.
have had
have received
have made
has been
5.A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson, 　　 　　 (offer) free rides to college students
for the past eight years.
6.Raised in a family of teachers, I 　　　　 (get) plenty of chances to connect myself with lit-
erature since a young age.
7.—Where is Peter I can't find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast, and 　　 　　 (write) his essay there ever since.
8.The students 　　　 　 (work) hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded
with success in the end.
9.A rescue worker risks his life saving two tourists who 　　　　 (trap) in the mountains for two days.
10.It is the first time that my son　　　　 (meet) Zhong Nanshan, a well-known Chinese hero
face to face.
has been offering
have got
has been writing
have been working
have been trapped
has met
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.自那之后,我花了很长时间思考我的未来。
Since then, I 　　　　　　　 a lot of time thinking about my future.
2.今年,我的车经常出故障。
My car 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a lot this year.
3.这些年,他的话一直在激励着我。
His words 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 all these years.
4.过去十年里,我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
Great changes 　　　　　　　　　　　 in my hometown in the last decade.
5. 在过去的几年里,这座现代化城市的美丽景色和当地的风俗习惯吸引了成千上万的游客。
The beautiful views of this modern city and its local customs 　　　　　　　 thousands of
have spent
has been breaking down
have been inspiring me
have taken place
have attracted
visitors during the past years.
6.我在操场等玛丽等了半个小时了。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　 for Mary for half an hour in the playground.
have been waiting