译林版选择性必修二Unit 4 Part 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading分层练习（含解析）

Unit 4　Living with technology
Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems 　　　　(贪婪的), and so I am always left wanting more next time.
2.The security department supported the police in their work against
　　　　(犯罪活动).
3.A major 　　　　(突破) in AI came in 1997, when Deep Blue, a chess-playing computer, beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov.
4.(There are 　　　　(替代品) to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
5.As is 　　　　(显然) shown in the chart above, there are about 10% of surgeons supporting the idea.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.　　　　　(analyse) of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age.
2.It has been proved that people have a bias(偏向) towards the present, focusing on loud attractions in the moment at the expense of the health, well-being and　　　　　 (finance) stability of their future selves or community.
3.Like all farmers in her region, Monica's agricultural productivity 　　　　　 (threaten) by climate change.
4.There are many reasons to monitor your son or daughter's online behavior and pay close attention to the　　　　　 (warn) signs.
5.The smartphone, which is equipped with a facial 　　　　　(recognize) system, can better protect the owner's privacy.
6.　　　　　(urge) measures must be taken to stop the virus from spreading.
7.We must learn to better identify how our brains are capable of 　　　　(find) new solutions.
8.The teacher demands that she　　　　　(turn) in her test papers within ten minutes.
9.With a new stadium 　　　　　(build) in our school, more sports events will be held.
10.At 10 o'clock tomorrow, she 　　　　　(write) a report for the manager in her office.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.杰克转向警察,眼里满是恐惧。(with的复合结构)
Jack turned to the police, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　
　　　　 　　　　.(读后续写—动作、神态描写)
2.无论未来可能遇到什么困难,有了朋友的帮助,他都能克服。(whatever)
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the future, he would overcome them with the help of his friends. (读后续写—主旨升华)
3.天黑了,爸爸催促我们找下山的路。(一句多译)
①It was getting dark and Dad urged 　　　　 　　　　 　　　
　　　　 　　　　 down the mountain.
②It was getting dark and Dad urged 　　　　 　　　　 　　　
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 down the mountain.
4.Mary changed her mind again. This made us very angry.(句式升级,用which引导非限制性定语从句)
→Mary changed her mind again, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
As AI develops, we can send a robot to do all the work for us in the future. One of the essential　1　 (aim) of AI is to develop computer intelligence which can learn from experience, adjust to new inputs and perform tasks like humans. The development of computers has made the dream of AI 　2　 reality. A major advancement in AI 　3　 (come) in 1997 and then in 2017, a computer program 　4　 (name) AlphaGo demonstrated a 　5　 (significance) advance in deep-learning AI systems. Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields, from autonomous vehicles to domestic robots. Ordinary people are now using AI 　6　 (get) instant translations of text in foreign languages, and machines can recognize fingerprints and even faces. 　7　, these benefits also bring concerns and fears 　8　 the thinking machines will 　9　 (threat) the existence of humans. We must make sure that we will not fall victim
　10　 AI.
1.　　　　 2.　　　　 3.　　　　 4.　　　　 5.　　　　
6.　　　　 7.　　　　 8.　　　　 9.　　　　 10.　　　　
Ⅱ.语法填空
As motion control technologies have advanced, surgical-assistance robots have become more accurate. Some surgical robots may even be able to complete tasks　1　 (autonomous), allowing surgeons　2　 (oversee) procedures from an operation desk.
Surgery performed with robotics assistance falls into two main categories. The ability to share a video feed from the operating room to other locations, near or far,　3　 (allow) surgeons to learn from other 　4　 (specialist) in their field. As a result, patients have the best surgeons involved in their procedures.
The field of surgical robotics is evolving to make greater use of puter vision enables surgical robots to distinguish between types of cells within　5　 (they) field of view. For example, 　6　 surgical robots now have is the ability to help surgeons avoid nerves and muscles during procedures. High-definition 3D computer vision can provide surgeons 　7　 detailed information and enhanced performance during procedures. Eventually, robots will be able to take over small sub-procedures, such as　8　 (sew) up the open parts of a wound, under the watchful eye of the surgeon.
Robotics also plays　9　 key role in surgeon education. Such platforms use AI and virtual reality to provide surgical robotics training　10　 surgeons practise procedures and sharpen skills by using robotics controls.
1.　　　　 2.　　　　 3.　　　　 4.　　　　 5.　　　　
6.　　　　 7.　　　　 8.　　　　 9.　　　　 10.　　　　
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream, years away from coming into reality in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driver-less taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way panies have been testing their cars in cities across the country. It's hard to predict when driver-less cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology may change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is managed.
While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driver-less cars, policymakers should be talking more about how self-driving cars can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions (排放) and offer more convenient and affordable choices to move around. The arrival of driver-less cars is a chance to make sure that those cars are environmentally friendly and more practical.
Do we want to copy or even worsen the traffic of today with driver-less cars Imagine a future where most adults own their self-driving cars. They accept long, slow journeys to and from work on crowded highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride. They take their driver-less car to a date and set the empty car to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport—an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(网约车) services. Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driver-less cars doesn't worsen the transportation system we have today. The coming technological development presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.
1.What can we learn from the first paragraph
A.Self-driving cars are not allowed in the real world.
B.Driver-less taxis will be seen everywhere on the road in a short term.
C.California is not alone in testing driver-less cars.
D.Self-driving technology will definitely benefit the transportation system.
2.According to the author, what should policymakers pay more attention to
A.How driver-less cars can help deal with transportation-related problems.
B.How driver-less cars can travel safely.
C.How driver-less cars can travel faster.
D.How driver-less cars can move more people.
3.What is a possible side effect of self-driving cars
A.Journeys to and from work become longer.
B.More and more people abandon public transportation.
C.There is no place to park them.
D.They may result in traffic jams.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Preparing Cities for Robot Cars　　　
B.Future Technology Underway
C.The Transportation System in the Future　　　
D.Robot Cars on the Road
B
As technology continues to evolve, museums are starting to incorporate(使并入) it to support their aim of preserving history.
Today's museums are looking at how they can include apps, digital interactivity and virtual reality (VR) in their exhibitions, to encourage further visitor engagement. In Italy alone, over half of museums were planning to introduce augmented reality (AR), even before the decrease in visitor numbers during the pandemic.
Multi-touch screens' developer Zytronic has collaborated with its clients in providing some of the most interesting innovations in technology used in museums in recent years.
Story of the Forest, National Museum of Singapore
Story of the Forest is a gorgeous immersive art exhibition, based in the National Museum of Singapore. The installation utilizes(使用) 69 pieces of art from the museum's most prized collection, the William Farquhar Collection of Natural History Drawings. These drawings have been turned into 3D interactive animations through the use of some creative technology.
Created by teamLab, a digital art collective from Japan, Story of the Forest takes you, through the colonial(殖民的) history of Singapore, right up to the modern day. Visitors can walk through the exhibition and view the gorgeous animated drawings. The installation begins with darkness, and the images are slowly revealed as you walk through the black space.
The interactive element is introduced via an app, downloadable from App Store or Google Play. Once downloaded, the app allows you to snap a photo of the animated drawings and discover further information about the animals pictured. The app has a section titled “My Collection” where you can store images you have taken and work towards discovering all the interactive elements of the exhibition. You can also take a closer look at each individual animal and discover more about its rarity level and species.
This display functions as a kind of interactive safari, taking you through various habitats. It has been a permanent exhibition at the museum since 2016, proving its popularity with visitors!
5.What does the underlined word “prized” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Useful.　　　B.Valueless.　　　C.Ancient.　　　D.Precious.
6.What do you need to do if you want to interact with the exhibition Story of the Forest
A.Buy a ticket and walk through the black space.　　　
B.Install an app through App Store.
C.Click a screen and take pictures.　　　
D.Download the app “My Collection”.
7.What can we know from the passage
A.Most museums in Italy have decided to use AR before the pandemic.
B.You will enjoy Story of the Forest through an app.
C.Story of the Forest will be torn down after the display.
D.Singapore once was invaded by another country.
8.Which is the best title of the passage
A.Technology is making exhibitions more interactive　　　B.Exhibitions are becoming digital
C.The interactive elements in exhibitions　　　
D.An exhibition in the National Museum of Singapore
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 4　Living with technology
Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.greedy　2.crime　3.breakthrough　4.alternatives　5.apparently
Ⅱ.1.Analyses/Analysis　考查名词。根据空后的of可知,设空处应用名词。位于句首,单词首字母应大写。故填Analyses或Analysis。
2.financial　考查形容词。分析句子可知,此处用形容词修饰名词stability,financial意为“财务的”。故填financial。
3.is threatened　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意: 像她所在地区的所有农民一样,莫妮卡的农业生产率受到气候变化的威胁。分析句子可知,设空处作谓语,productivity与threaten之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,此处描述的是现在的事情,应用一般现在时,主语productivity是不可数名词,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is threatened。
4.warning　考查形容词。句意:有很多理由让你监控儿子或女儿的网络行为,并密切关注警告标志。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的名词signs可知,此处应用形容词,warning意为“警告性的”。故填warning。
5.recognition　考查名词。句意:这款智能手机配备了人脸识别系统,可以更好地保护机主的隐私。facial recognition system人脸识别系统。故填recognition。
6.Urgent　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词measures,应用形容词。位于句首,单词首字母应大写。故填Urgent。
7.finding　考查动名词。be capable of doing sth.意为“有能力做某事”。故填finding。
8.turn　考查demand的用法。句意:老师要求她在十分钟内交试卷。demand后接that引导的宾语从句,从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。故填turn。
9.built　考查过去分词。句意:我们学校新建了一个体育场,更多的体育赛事将会举行。此处为with的复合结构,stadium和动词build之间是被动关系,应用过去分词,故填built。
10.will be writing　考查时态。句意:明天10点,她将在办公室给经理写一份报告。根据时间状语At 10 o'clock tomorrow可知,此处表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作,应用将来进行时,故填will be writing。
Ⅲ.1.with his eyes full of horror　2.Whatever difficulties he might meet　3.① us to find our way　②that we should find our way　4.which made us very angry
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.aims　考查名词复数。“one of the+形容词”后应用名词复数。故填aims。
2.a　考查冠词。句意:计算机的发展已经使人工智能的梦想成为现实。make...a reality是固定短语,意为“使……成为现实”,reality表示“现实的东西”时为可数名词,其前应用不定冠词。故填a。
3.came　考查时态。根据时间状语in 1997可知,此处应用一般过去时。故填came。
4.named　考查过去分词。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰computer program,且computer program与name之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式。故填named。
5.significant　考查形容词。advance是名词,应用形容词修饰。故填significant。
6.to get　考查不定式。use sth. to do sth.意为“用某物做某事”。故填to get。
7.However　考查副词。上文讲到人工智能给人们带来的便利,下文讲到这些好处也带来了忧虑和恐惧,故上下文是转折关系,设空处后面有逗号,故用副词however表示转折。注意首字母大写。故填However。
8.that　考查同位语从句。设空处引导同位语从句,解释说明concerns和fears的具体内容,且从句意思和成分完整,应用that引导。故填that。
9.threaten　考查动词。情态动词will后应跟动词原形。故填threaten。
10.to　考查固定短语。句意:我们必须确保我们不会成为人工智能的受害者。fall victim to是固定短语,意为“成为……的受害者”。故填to。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,介绍了随着移动控制技术的进步,辅助外科手术的机器人在医疗领域起到更重要的作用。
1.autonomously　考查副词。设空处修饰动词complete,应用副词作状语。故填autonomously。
2.to oversee　考查不定式。句意:一些外科手术机器人甚至可能能够自主完成任务,使外科医生能够从手术台监视手术。allow sb. to do sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”。故填to oversee。
3.allows　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:将视频从手术室共享到或远或近的其他位置的能力使外科医生能够从其领域的其他专家身上学习。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作谓语,主语是The ability,此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语是单数,谓语用单数形式。故填allows。
4.specialists　考查名词复数。specialist是可数名词,前面有other修饰,应用复数形式。故填specialists。
5.their　考查形容词性物主代词。句意:计算机视觉使外科手术机器人能够区分其视野内的细胞类型。空后为名词,所以填形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。
6.what　考查名词性从句。句意:例如,外科手术机器人现在拥有的是帮助外科医生在手术过程中避开神经和肌肉的能力。分析句子结构可知,　6　 surgical robots now have是主语从句,从句中缺少谓语动词have的宾语,指物。故填what。
7.with　考查介词。句意:高清晰度3D计算机视觉可以在手术中为外科医生提供详细信息和改进的性能。provide sb. with sth.意为“给某人提供某物”。故填with。
8.sewing　考查动名词。句意:最终,机器人将能够在外科医生的监视下接管小型子手术,例如缝合伤口的开放部分。such as意为“例如”,其中的as为介词,其后用sew的动名词形式作宾语。故填sewing。
9.a　考查冠词。句意:机器人技术在外科医生教育中也起着关键作用。固定搭配play a role in...意为“在……中发挥作用”,所以填不定冠词,且key的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
10.where　考查定语从句。句意:这些平台使用人工智能和虚拟现实来提供外科手术机器人培训,外科医生通过使用机器人控制装置来练习手术并提高技能。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词training,从句中缺少状语,先行词为抽象地点名词,应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【高频词汇】　1.accurate adj.准确的,精确的
2.procedure n.手术;手续,步骤　3.category n.种类;范畴　4.(be) involved in 参与　5.distinguish v.区分;使有别于;看清,认出　6.take over接管
【熟词生义】　feed n.(电视或广播信号、计算机信息等的)传送,传输
【差距词汇】　1.evolve v.(使)逐渐形成,逐步发展,逐渐演变　2.sew up缝合
Ⅲ.A
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。加利福尼亚州正在进行无人驾驶汽车的测试,而且美国很多城市都进行了类似的测试,文章分析了无人驾驶汽车给交通带来的诸多好处,建议现代城市都要做好准备迎接这一新技术。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way panies have been testing their cars in cities across the country.”可知,加利福尼亚州并不是唯一测试无人驾驶汽车的州。故选C。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“policymakers should be talking more about how self-driving cars can help...to move around.”可知,作者认为,政策制定者应该更多地关注无人驾驶汽车如何帮助解决与交通相关的问题。故选A。
3.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport—an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing (网约车) services.”可知,无人驾驶汽车的一个可能的副作用是越来越多的人放弃公共交通。故选B。
4.A　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way panies have been testing their cars in cities across the country.”可知,加利福尼亚州正在进行无人驾驶汽车的测试,而且美国很多城市都进行了类似的测试。文章分析了无人驾驶汽车的前景,建议现代城市都要做好准备迎接这一新技术。由此可知,Preparing Cities for Robot Cars(使城市为无人驾驶汽车做好准备)适合作为本文标题。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.possibility n.可能,可能性;机会
2.permit n.许可证 v.允许,准许　3.lead the way领先;带路　4.transportation n.交通　5.depending on视乎;决定于　6.convenient adj.方便的,省事的　7.convenience n.方便,便利
【熟词生义】　1.circle v.环行,转圈　2.present v.提供　3.park v.停(车)
长难句
原句　While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driver-less cars, policymakers should be talking more about how self-driving cars can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions and offer more convenient and affordable choices to move around.
分析　本句是主从复合句。While引导让步状语从句, how引导宾语从句,作about的宾语,其中help、cut和offer是三个并列的谓语动词。
译文　虽然到目前为止,辩论大都关注无人驾驶汽车的安全性,但决策者应更多地谈论无人驾驶汽车怎样有助于减少交通堵塞、减排和提供更便利实惠的出行选择。
B
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着技术的不断发展,博物馆开始将其纳入保护历史的目标中。今天的博物馆正在研究如何在展览中加入应用程序、数字互动和虚拟现实,以鼓励更多的游客参与。一个华丽的沉浸式艺术展览《森林的故事》正在新加坡国家博物馆举行。
5.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“The installation utilizes(使用) 69 pieces of art from the museum's most prized collection, the William Farquhar Collection of Natural History Drawings.”及常识可知,博物馆关于展览的新技术一般是应用到最珍贵的收藏品上。由此可推知,画线词prized与precious(珍贵的)意思一致。故选D。
6.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The interactive element is introduced via an app, downloadable from App Store or Google Play.”可知,如果你想要与展览《森林的故事》互动,你需要通过苹果应用商店安装一个应用程序。故选B。
7.D　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Created by team-Lab, a digital art collective from Japan, Story of the Forest takes you, through the colonial (殖民的) history of Singapore, right up to the modern day.”可知,新加坡有殖民历史。由此可推知,新加坡曾经被另一个国家侵略过。故选D。
8.A　主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Today's museums are looking at how they can include apps, digital interactivity and virtual reality (VR) in their exhibitions, to encourage further visitor engagement.”、第四段中的“Story of the Forest is a gorgeous immersive art exhibition, based in the National Museum of Singapore.”和最后一段可知,文章以一个正在新加坡国家博物馆举行的华丽的沉浸式艺术展览《森林的故事》为例,讲述了科技使展览更具互动性。由此可推知,A项“Technology is making exhibitions more interactive(科技正在使展览变得更具互动性)”最适合作为本文的标题。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.evolve v.逐步发展,逐渐形成;进化
2.preserve v.保护,使继续存活;保存　3.digital adj.数字的
4.innovation n.新思想;创新,创造,改革　5.reveal v.展示;揭示　6.permanent adj.长久的,永久的,永恒的
【熟词生义】　1.view v.观看　2.picture v.绘,画;拍摄
3.function as 起……作用;具有……功能
【差距词汇】　1.interactivity n.交互性,互动性
2.augmented reality(AR)增强现实　3.collaborate v.合作,协作　4.gorgeous adj.非常漂亮的,美丽动人的,令人愉快的;绚丽的　5.installation n.艺术展
6.collective n.企业集团 adj.集体的,共同的
7.animated adj.栩栩如生的;活跃的
长难句
原句　The app has a section titled “My Collection” where you can store images you have taken and work towards discovering all the interactive elements of the exhibition.
分析　本句是主从复合句。句子的主干是“The app has a section”,后面的titled “My Collection”是过去分词短语作section的后置定语,后面是where引导的限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“My Collection”,you have taken是省略了that的定语从句,修饰先行词images。
译文　该应用程序有一个名为“我的收藏”的部分,你可以在这里存储你拍摄的图像,并努力发现展览的所有互动元素。
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