Unit3 Make it happen Understanding ideas 第一课时（阅读与词汇）学案外研版（2024）八年级英语上册

班级 姓名
Make it happen！
Understanding ideas第一课时
教学目标：
学生能够理解并熟练掌握重点词汇（如 artificial、invent、improve、cost 等）和短语，准确运用其进行表达。
2.运用预测、精读等阅读技巧，从文章中高效提取关键信息，提升阅读理解能力。
重点、难点
重点：重点词汇的理解和运用，如 artificial、invent、improve、cost 等。
难点：深入理解伊斯顿发明义肢过程中面临的困难以及他坚持不懈的精神。
教学过程
激趣导入
1.展示一些常见发明（如手机、电脑、汽车等）的图片，提问：“What are these inventions How have they changed our lives ” 引导学生观察图片并思考，引出关键词：inventions、change lives。
合作探究
1.小组讨论：学生分组讨论，教师巡视并参与部分小组讨论，适时给予启发和引导。讨论结束后，每组推选一名代表分享小组预测结果，教师将关键词（如 inventor、artificial arm、help 等）板书在黑板上。
教学过程
精读故事（15 分钟）
1.第一遍阅读（泛读）：学生快速阅读故事，回答问题：“Who is the inventor in the story ” “What did he invent ” “Who did he help ” 教师引导学生找出关键句，如 “Easton LaChappelle, a 14 - year - old student, stood beside his work at a science fair. It was a robotic arm.” “Easton's invention has helped many children.” 等，培养学生快速获取文章大意的能力。
2.第二遍阅读（精读）：分段朗读故事，教师带领学生标注生词（如 artificial、invent、improve、cost、hook 等），并结合语境猜测词义。完成表格填空，梳理故事脉络：
时间 伊斯顿的行为 发明成果 面临问题
14 岁 用塑料块和钓鱼线制作机器人手臂 机器人手臂 -
16 岁 用 3D 打印机制作义肢 能根据用户大脑信号移动的义肢，但重 3.6 千克 义肢过重
23 岁 改进义肢 重 0.5 千克，成本约 500 美元的义肢 -
25 岁 成立公司推广义肢技术 推动义肢技术广泛应用，为更多残障人士带来希望 市场推广初期面临认知度和接受度挑战
30 岁 与科研团队合作研发新型义肢材料 研发出更轻便、更耐用且成本更低的义肢材料 新型材料的临床试验和大规模生产技术难题
35 岁 参与国际公益项目，为贫困地区提供义肢援助 为贫困地区残障人士免费安装义肢，改善生活质量 面临运输、适配及后期维护资源有限等问题
小结
1.fair：/fe (r)/，n. 展览会
常见搭配：trade fair（贸易展览会 ）；
book fair（书展 ）
同义词：exhibition（规模较大的展览 ）；
show（较为通俗的展示活动 ）
2.block：/bl k/，n. 一块（指木头、石头等有直边的硬物 ）
复数：blocks 。
常见搭配：a block of wood（一块木头 ）；
concrete block（混凝土块 ）
其他词性及用法：还可作动词，意为 “堵塞；
阻碍” ，如 block the road
（堵塞道路 ） 。
3.artificial：/ ɑ t f l/，adj. 人造的，人工的
构词：artifice（技巧；策略；诡计 ） + -ial
（形容词后缀 ）→ artificial 。反义词：natural（自然的 ） 。
常见搭配： artificial intelligence（人工智能 ）；artificial flower（人造花 ）
4.hook：/h k/，n. 挂钩，吊钩复数：hooks 。
常见搭配：clothes hook（衣钩 ）；
fish hook（鱼钩 ） 。
其他词性及用法：还可作动词，意为 “钩住；挂住” ，如 hook the fish（钩住鱼 ） 。
5.cost：/k st/，v. 价格为，需支付（某一数量的钱 ）
过去式：cost ；过去分词：cost 。
用法：sth. cost (sb.) + 金钱，意为 “某物花 费（某人）多少钱” ，主语通常是物 。
例如：The book costs me 20 yuan.
（这本书花了我 20 元。 ）
辨析：与 spend，take，pay 相区别。spend主语是人，用法为 sb. spend + 时间
/ 金钱 + (in) doing sth. 或 sb. spend + 时间 / 金钱 + on sth. ； take 常用于 It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 结构；pay 主语是人，用法为 pay (sb.) money for sth.（付钱给某人买某物 ） 。
练习反馈：
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
A long time ago, in a small town lived a boy named Chester. He loved skating in winter, but the 1 wind hurt his big ears badly.
Chester wanted to find a way to 2 it. He put his scarf around his head. When he skated, his ears were warm at first but soon felt itchy (痒). “A scarf will not do. What can be done ” he said to himself.
Another 3 came to his mind soon. Chester searched through his drawer and found two socks. He tied them together with wire (电线). Then he tried on his invention. His ears felt warm, but when he skated, the socks kept falling off his ears. That didn’t 4 , either.
Chester then decided to make two wire circles and use smooth cloth to cover them. He realized that 5 would be perfect for keeping the ears warmer. Thinking of this, he asked his grandmother for 6 . She sewed (缝) the soft material on one side and the smooth cloth on the other. Chester was happy with the new ear warmers.
When Chester’s friends saw the new ear warmers, they 7 him. However, Chester didn’t mind. His ears were nice and warm though the wind was cold and strong. “Why not try them on ” he suggested 8 .
The ear warmers soon became 9 and everyone in his town loved them. Later, they called them earmuffs.
Years later, Chester became a famous 10 , whose creations went from household tools to industrial machinery. And it all began with his many tries to warm his big ears.
1．A．icy B．light C．noisy D．fresh
2．A．face B．discuss C．solve D．report
3．A．possibility B．question C．advantage D．mistake
4．A．matter B．work C．finish D．match
5．A．cotton B．paper C．wood D．grass
6．A．money B．support C．time D．direction
7．A．cheered for B．looked after C．laughed at D．argued with
8．A．nervously B．carefully C．angrily D．proudly
9．A．expensive B．colorful C．popular D．comfortable
10．A．artist B．seller C．teacher D．inventor
五、过关达标：
Huang Xuhua, a famous Chinese submarine (潜艇) designer, is known for his hard work, creativity and love for his country. His journey from a young boy in a small village to a top scientist in China is truly inspiring.
Huang Xuhua was born in a small village in Guangdong Province. When he was very young, China was going through many changes. Huang was always curious about the ocean and how things worked. He loved reading books and trying small experiments. Huang was especially good at math and physics. The two subjects helped him build a strong foundation for his future career. When he grew older, he wanted to learn medicine at first under the influence of his parents who were both doctors in his hometown. However, to save China, Huang got into one of China's best universities to study Naval Architecture. His university life was not easy, but Huang never gave up. He graduated with excellent grades in the end.
After graduation, Huang joined a research institute (机构) and focused on submarine design. There he faced many challenges, but he always kept strong-willed and put his shoulder to the wheel with other workmates. His efforts paid off in the end. China’s first nuclear-powered submarine was independently developed and built without any help of other countries. This project was not only a big step in technology but also the key to guarding China’s safety. Huang and his team worked day and night, even when things seemed impossible. His dream and love for our country kept him going on.
Huang’s work has earned him many awards, including the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award, one of China’s highest honors. Although Huang achieved success, he remains humble (谦虚的). He often tells young people to stay curious, work hard, and never give up.
Huang Xuhua’s story shows us how dreams and resolutions can lead to great achievements. He really sets a good example for all young people.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
11．What was Huang Xuhua interested in when he was young
A．Medicine. B．Engineering. C．Computer science. D．Ocean science.
12．Which of the following words best describes Huang Xuhua
A．Curious and strong-minded. B．Strict and humorous.
C．Shy and creative. D．Wealthy and famous.
13．What does the underlined part “put his shoulder to the wheel” mean
A．Examining the submarine. B．Leading the workmates.
C．Resting the body. D．Sparing no effort.
14．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Huang’s family life. B．Huang’s honor title.
C．Huang’s achievement. D．Huang’s university life.
15．What is the structure of the text (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2,…)
A．①/②/③④⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①②③④⑤ D．①②/③④⑤