Unit1 Know yourself单元测试（含解析）译林版英语九年级上册
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2025秋学期 （中考热身）9A Unit1 单元测试 原创 （有详细解析）
班级_________________ 姓名____________________ 学号______________ 得分_____________
选择填空 从下列每题所给的选项中选出一个最佳答案(满分10分)
1. Known as “the Most Beautiful 600 Meters in Nanjing”, Shixiang Road opens up a new view every ________, and each will leave a deep impression on you.
A. step B. cent C. degree D. message
2. Music is power. When words ________, music speaks.
A. fail B. remain C. explain D. succeed
3. —Do you enjoy the 15-minute break in your school
—Of course! Some activities are ________ designed to increase our interest in sports.
A. easily B. hardly C. specially D. peacefully
4. It’s possible that in future smart homes, ________ we can control appliances with our thoughts or homes can change the environment by themselves.
A. both B. either C. neither D. all
5. —Who should be responsible (负责的) for this traffic accident
—It’s not the right time to discuss that. __________, we should send the injured (受伤的) person to hospital.
A. Above all B. In all C. At all D. After all
6. There are so many things around us____ our will(意愿). However, we've no excuse to give up.
A. through B. towards C. against D. under
7. Which fits best for the blank in the note
What: __________
Where: By a lake
Who: All my family
Activities: Put up our tents near the lake; talked with other families from different places; played games; flew kites with new friends
A. My ideal home B. My camping trip C. My favourite sport D. My family members
8. —I'm sorry to _____ on you, but there are two things I don't understand.
—It doesn't matter.
A. cut down B. cut out C. cut in D. cut off
9. —The world’s first humanoid robot half-marathon is so interesting!
—________. Robots will be part of our lives in the future.
A. I’m afraid not B. It doesn’t matter C. That’s not the case D. I can’t agree more
10. Tom and John are discussing buying a new house:
Tom: Have you decided to buy that new house yet
John: Not yet. My wife must see it first. You know woman always has the last word.
Question: What does John mean by saying “Woman always has the last word”
A. Women usually talk more. B. Women have the final right to decide.
C. Women prefer to speak last in discussion. D. Women are better at giving others advice.
二、完形填空，从每题所给选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项（满分15分）
It was the day of the school sports meet. Tom stood nervously at the starting line of the 800-meter race. Beside him, his classmate Anna smiled, “Just focus on running. I’ll be right behind you.” Tom nodded, but his mind was full of ____11____. What if he fell What if he was the last one
The race began. Tom started fast, but by the first lap (圈), his breath became ____12____. He could hear his heart pounding. Anna passed him quickly, shouting, “Keep going, Tom! You’ve got this!” Her voice gave him a little ____13____.
Halfway through, Tom’s legs felt like lead (铅). He wanted to ____14____, but he remembered Anna’s words. He looked up and saw the finish line. Just one more lap, he told himself. Suddenly, a runner in front of him fell down. Tom turned to avoid hitting him, almost losing his ____15____.
As he neared the end, the crowd’s cheers grew louder. Anna was waiting at the finish line, waving her arms. Tom pushed harder, crossing the line just as the clock stopped. He breathed heavily, but a smile spread across his face—he had ____16____ the race, even if he wasn’t first.
After the race, Anna handed him a water bottle. “You did it!” she said. “I thought about giving up too, but seeing you keep going made me ____17____.”
Tom laughed weakly. “Really I felt like I could hardly move.”
“That’s the thing about challenges,” Anna said. “They’re scary, but once you start, you just have to ____18____.”
That night, Tom wrote in his diary: Today, Anna taught me that courage isn’t the absence of fear, but the ____19____ to keep going anyway. With friends beside you, hard things feel possible.
Weeks later, when Tom ____20____ a difficult math test, he thought of the race and Anna’s encouragement. He took a deep breath and ____21____ his pencil.
Years passed, but Tom never forgot that sports meet. The words of Anna, the feeling of crossing the finish line, and the ____22____ that friendship could turn fear into courage—these things stayed with him. Now, as a high school student, Tom often tells younger kids, “Don’t let fear ____23____ you. Find someone who believes in you, and let their courage be your ____24____.
And ____25____ he sees someone nervous at the starting line—whether in a race or in life—he remembers to say, “You’re not alone. We’ll face this together.”
11. A. hopes B. fears C. plans D. dreams
12. A. heavy B. light C. cool D. warm
13. A. pain B. pity C. energy D. surprise
14. A. win B. rest C. cheer D. stop
15. A. balance B. way C. time D. chance
16. A. missed B. finished C. failed D. forgotten
17. A. slow down B. give up C. speed up D. look back
18. A. wait B. stop C. continue D. smile
19. A. cause B. sign C. end D. strength
20. A. faced B. passed C. failed D. remembered
21. A. sent up B. gave up C. picked up D. dressed up
22. A. fact B. lie C. doubt D. question
23. A. help B. control C. teach D. follow
24. A. problem B. power C. prize D. practice
25. A. wherever B. whoever C. whatever D. whenever
三、阅读理解。（满分40分）
A
Many of China's dishes come with stories. They are part of China's long and fascinating history. Let's learn about the interesting origins (起源) of some famous dishes.
Dumplings' history goes back over 1,800 years. They were first used as medicine. In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, one winter, many poor people were frostbitten (冻伤), especially their ears. Zhang Zhongjing made some ear-shaped food with some Chinese medicine in it. He called these creations jiao'er, which means "tender ears" in English. After eating the jiao'er, people felt warm all over. Then, over time, the frostbite disappeared.
Zhang Zhongjing continued to give out jiao'er to poor, hungry people until the Eve of the Spring Festival. To celebrate the Spring Festival and their recovery (痊愈), people made their own jiao'er. This kind of ear-shaped food is the later "dumpling". Today, in northern China, people eat dumplings in most traditional Chinese festivals and celebrations.
The dingsheng cake is a popular snack in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. It is made with rice flour and sweet fillings, such as red bean paste or nuts.
It is said that people in Southern Song Dynasty made the cakes to inspire Yue Fei's army to win the fights. They engraved (雕刻) on the surfaces of cakes with two Chinese characters "Ding Sheng", which means "must-win" or "victory" in English. Today, the dingsheng cake has become a popular gift. It often appears in traditional Chinese celebrations and important events, such as big exams and elderly people's birthdays.
1. Why did Zhang Zhongjing make jiao'er
A. To teach people how to make dumplings.
B. To offer food to hungry people.
C. To provide people with medicine.
D. To celebrate the Spring Festival.
2. What was the dingsheng cake first made for
A. Thanking the army for their help.
B. Encouraging the army.
C. Welcoming the army.
D. Serving food for the army.
3. Why do you think the dingsheng cake has become a popular gift
A. Because it is cheap and easy to make.
B. Because it is a symbol of success and good luck.
C. Because it brings a taste of home.
D. Because it is a kind of delicious and sweet snack.
4. What do the two kinds of food have in common
A. They were made by famous cooks.
B. They are eaten in traditional celebrations.
C. They first appeared in the same dynasty.
D. They are popular in the south of China.
5. What do you think is the best title of the passage
A. Stories behind Chinese people
B. Stories behind Chinese festivals
C. Stories behind Chinese tastes
D. Stories behind Chinese customs
B
It was the summer of 2015. Brian Peterson and his wife had just moved to Santa Ana, California. Outside the couple’s fourth-floor apartment, a homeless man was often heard yelling (大叫) on the street corner. Peterson, a car designer, would pass the man on his way to work, but they never spoke. What topic could they possibly have in common
One afternoon, Peterson was reading a book LOVE DOES when the homeless man disturbed his peace. With the book’s message in mind, Peterson made an unexpected decision: He was going to introduce himself to the poor man.
In that first conversation, Peterson learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris. He had moved to California to chase his dream of becoming a musician. But he soon fell on hard times and ended up living on the street for more than ten years.
The man’s story moved Peterson. “Strangely,” Peterson later recalled, “I saw beauty in Faris’s face, even though he hadn’t shaved (修面) in probably a year.” He found himself asking if he could paint Faris’s portrait (肖像). Faris said yes.
Peterson’s connection with Faris led him to start “Faces of Santa Ana.” The volunteer organization calls on people to make friends with the poor people in their community and paint portraits for them. Peterson himself has painted 41 portraits so far. He sells them for a few thousand dollars each. The artist then helps his “models” to use the money to get back on their feet.
Faris used his share (份额) of the money to record an album. He was finally able to make his musical dreams a reality and that all started with a simple, friendly question: “Can I paint your portrait ”
1. According to paragraph 2, why did Peterson introduce himself to the poor man
A. Because the man was yelling at him. B. Because he wanted to paint a portrait for him.
C. Because he was inspired by a book. D. Because the homeless man disturbed his peace.
2. What’s the genre (体裁) of this passage
A. A fiction which is about imaginary people.
B. A drama which has some exciting events.
C. A report which describes a person’s deeds(事）.
D. An argumentation which supports an idea.
3. How did Peterson help poor people
① He read a book about the power of love in action.
② He started an organization “Face of Santa Ana”.
③ He sells portraits to raise money.
④ He recorded an album.
⑤ He calls on people to paint portraits for poor people.
A. ①②⑤ B. ②③⑤ C. ③④⑤ D. ①③④
4. The underlined phrase “to get back on their feet” in paragraph 5 means ____________.
A. to stand up again B. to have the lost things back
C. to get over difficulties D. to regain their health
5. What would be the best title for the passage
A. To Make Dreams a Reality B. I Saw Beauty in Faces
C. The Power of Love D. Can I Paint Your Portrait
C
Do you ever sit down to do homework, but within minutes, you’re checking your phone or iPad again and again You start by answering a message, then watch a short video or scroll through (浏览) posts. Before you realize it, an hour has passed with your homework still blank. You’re not lazy—your brain is getting tired from all the screen time! Your phone and iPad can bring you much fun, but using them too much can make it hard to focus and remember things.
This problem isn’t just for students. Adults face it too, especially when driving. David Strayer, a scientist who studies brains, has found something surprising: Using a phone while driving is as dangerous as drunk driving. Why Because when you talk or text, your brain can’t fully focus on the road.
So whether you’re a student or an adult, your brain can only handle one hard task at a time. That’s because every time you switch (切换) between tasks, your brain has to “start over”, which uses a lot of your energy. Scientists call this cognitive overload, and it’s like making your brain run a marathon without stopping.
Dr. Strayer has a simple solution for our screen-tired brains: spend some time in nature. Strayer and other scientists have studied nature’s influence on our brains and bodies. Research shows that when you’re around trees, grass, or even just looking at a photo of a forest, your brain relaxes. Psychologist (心理学家) Stephen Kaplan and his partners have done similar research. In one study, people took a 50-minute walk in a public garden. In a test organized afterwards, their short-term memory improved. When the same people walked on a city street and then took the test, it did not.
Stephen Kaplan explains it like this: Nature can give you a free brain massage (按摩，推拿). What we see in nature like sunsets, streams and butterflies can reduce stress and mental tiredness. We enjoy them without having to focus on them. This allows our brains to rest and recover from the stresses of modern life. “It’s the best therapy you can get at zero cost,” Kaplan says.
So the next time you feel your brain turning to “mush” from too much screen time, try this: …
1. How do the first two paragraphs relate to Paragraph 3
A. The first two show examples and Paragraph 3 tells why.
B. The first two list problems and Paragraph 3 gives solutions.
C. The first two present opinions and Paragraph 3 supports them.
D. The first two describe causes and Paragraph 3 shows the result.
2. The underlined phrase “cognitive overload” probably means _________.
A. A process of the brain resting well. B. A state of the brain being very active.
C. A feeling of the brain being very lazy. D. A situation of the brain being very tired.
3. What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 4
A. The memory test. B. The short-term memory.
C. The public garden. D. The long-term memory.
4. What do David Strayer and Stephen Kaplan’s research both show
A. Using screens too much makes the brain tired.
B. Nature helps the brain relax and work better.
C. Adults focus better than students when studying.
D. Short walks in the city improve memory quickly.
5. In the last incomplete paragraph, which picture probably shows the writer’s suggestion
A. B. C. D.
四、短文还原（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容，将下面方框中的句子还原到文章中，使短文内容完整。每个选项仅使用一次，有一个多余选项。
Talk to people you disagree with
Everyone sometimes has disagreements with friends or family members. For example, you might not agree about what game to play, which restaurant makes the best pizza. ______16______ Disagreements are uncomfortable. There are some steps you can take to make the conversation meaningful. Here is how.
See their attitude
Even if you disagree with someone, you can still listen to what they say. Let them know that you’re paying attention to them by listening carefully with interest. Another way to show that you’re listening is by asking questions or repeating what they said. _____17_____
Use polite language
When someone has an opinion you don’t agree with, don’t pay more attention to it. ______18_______ Instead, focus on speaking calmly（沉着地）. For example, you may begin with “I feel” or “I see this another way.”
Stick to the facts
If you have a strong opinion, it's better to stick to the facts instead of feelings. ______19_____ Then relax your shoulders and speak in a calm voice. If you are stopped by some person, you can remind the person that it's your turn to speak. Then give him another chance to speak later.
Find common ground
If you find that you can't change the other person's mind, and they may not change yours. ____20______ You may also get a better understanding of each other's opinion. In the end, it's worth the effort because healthy communication builds strong relationships and communities.
A. Still, look for the points you agree on.
B. Start by asking if you can share your opinion.
C. If this happens to you, you'd better say sorry to your friends.
D. Avoid using impolite adjectives, like “stupid” “foolish” or “silly”.
E. You can start by saying, “OK. I understand you, you are saying...”
F. Sometimes you may disagree with your friends about more serious subjects.
G. You should always stop talking if the other person seems angry.
五、任务型阅读
What is your perfect vacation popular trips include relaxing on a warm beach. Or they involve sightseeing in a beautiful city. Increasingly, though, many of us don't want to just visit a place. We want to experience it.
Experiential travel allows to get closer to local people and their culture. For example, experiential travelers might stay a few weeks with local hosts. They might take classes to learn craft. In other words, these travelers immerse（沉浸） themselves in a different culture. One such trip is in Fujian. There, a small group of travelers meet with a local fisherman. They learn how to fix nets and throw them in the water. They can fish together. Afterwards they all cook and eat a meal with the fisherman's family.
Experiential travel helps people become better citizens. First of all, it lets them understand a place more deeply than tourists usually do. As one traveler says, traditional travel is “like” studying science without ever doing a scientific experiment.” Since they often stay and work in one place, travelers learn more about the lives of local people. It exposes（使体验） them to different ways of living and working. Experiential travelers often make life-long friends with local people. They stay in touch after the trip has finished. Expriential travel helps travelers—and local people—feel like they are part of a global community.
You don't need to use a travel company to get the benefits（好处） of experiential travel. You can do it by yourself. You can ask local people questions when you travel. Ask a driver about her life. You can also take part in a soccer game in the street. Listening to people's stories and interacting（交流） with local people will change your understanding of the place you are visiting.
Experiential travel
What Experience 1 life when traveling.
Why Help people become better citizens Encouraging them to have a deeper 2 of a place.
Improving their 3 about how local people life
Making it 4 for them to experience different ways of living and working.
Making lasting 5 between travelers and local people.
Helping them feel like they 6 a global community.
___7______ Do it 8 . Ask local people questions when _9_______________. Ask a driver about her life. __10_________ a soccer game in the street. Listen to people's stories and interact with local people.
六、综合填空题（共15分，每空1.5分）
阅读短文，根据内容填写所缺单词，每空不限一词。
In the busy underground stations of Seoul, there is a new surprise for passengers: Chinese poems on the screen doors. These are famous works 1_________ (write) by great Chinese poets like Li Bai, Du Mu and Xin Qiji.
The Seoul government wanted to welcome foreign tourists, so they put 2_________ 24 poems from 13 languages in the underground stations, including English, Chinese, Japanese and so on. It’s said that the 24 poems were 3_________ (true) recommended by experts and embassies (专家和大使馆) in the Republic of Korea, not chosen at random. When foreign 4_________ (visit) step into these subway stations, they are immediately greeted by this artistic display. The Chinese poems, in particular, stand out as 5_________ bridge connecting the ancient wisdom and beauty of China with the modern vibrancy of Seoul.
Among the 24 poems 6_________ (be) three Chinese poems: “A dialogue in the mountain” (《山中问答》) by Li Bai, “Going up the hill” (《山行》) by Du Mu and “Song of Ugly Slave” (《丑奴儿·书博山道中壁》) by Xin Qiji. Now, these well-known Chinese poems have traveled thousands of miles and find 7_________ (they) in the heart of Seoul, ready to make new friends.
A man living in the city said that he enjoyed this new way of learning about other cultures. “I don’t know Chinese,” he said, “8_________ the translations let me feel the beauty of the poems. Reading these poems helps me learn more about China and its beauty. It breaks down barriers and brings people 9_________ (close) together than before through the power of poetry.”
This feeling is shared by many people who pass through the Seoul subway stations, 10_________ (make) the display of Chinese poems not just a cultural exhibit but a celebration of the shared human spirit.
2025秋学期 （中考热身）9A Unit1 单元测试 原创 （详细解析）
解析：
一、选择题
1. 正确答案：A. step
解析： 句意为“每一步都会打开一个新视野”，符合习惯用法。其它选项（cent, degree, message）不合适表达“每一步”。
2. 正确答案：A. fail
解析： 句意是“当言语失败时，音乐会表达”，固定表达为“When words fail”。其他选项不符合语境。
3. 正确答案：C. specially
解析： “Some activities are specially designed...”表示“特别设计的活动”，符合语法和语义。其他副词意思不合适。
4. 正确答案：B. either
解析： 句意为“将来可能是这样，或者那样”，表示二者其一，用 either...or 结构更合适。A 和 D 表示全部，C 表示都不对，不符合语境。
5. 正确答案：A. Above all
解析： “Above all, we should...” 表示“最重要的是”，符合句意。其他选项不搭配此语境。
6. 正确答案：C. against
解析： “There are many things against our will”表示“很多事情违背我们的意愿”，符合搭配习惯。
7. 正确答案：B. My camping trip
解析： 根据活动描述（搭帐篷、玩游戏、放风筝），最符合“camping trip（露营）”的主题。
8. 正确答案：C. cut in
解析： “cut in on sb”表示“打断某人说话”，符合对话语境。
9. 正确答案：D. I can’t agree more
解析： 表示“我完全同意”，符合积极回应的语气。其他选项均为否定或反对。
10. 正确答案：B. Women have the final right to decide.
解析： “Woman always has the last word”意指“女人拥有最终决定权”，常用表达，其他选项意思不符。
二、完形填空：
B. fears
解析：句意是汤姆紧张，心里充满了“害怕”。fear是“害怕”，fits语境。
A. heavy
解析：呼吸变得“沉重”了，heavy更合适。
C. energy
解析：安娜的鼓励给了汤姆“能量”，energy符合语境。
D. stop
解析：汤姆想“放弃”，stop最合适。
A. balance
解析：避免撞到倒地选手时差点失去“平衡”，balance合适。
B. finished
解析：尽管不是第一名，汤姆完成了比赛，finished最贴切。
C. speed up
解析：安娜说看到汤姆坚持下去，自己也加快了速度，speed up符合。
C. continue
解析：面对挑战时，只能“继续”，continue最合适。
D. strength
解析：勇气不是没有恐惧，而是“继续前进的力量”，strength符合。
A. faced
解析：遇到难题，faced（面对）最合适。
C. picked up
解析：鼓起勇气拿起铅笔，picked up符合。
A. fact
解析：友情将恐惧转化为勇气，这是真实的事实，fact合适。
B. control
解析：不要让恐惧“控制”你，control最合适。
B. power
解析：让别人的勇气成为你的“力量”，power最贴切。
D. whenever
解析：“每当”看到有人紧张时，whenever符合。
三、阅读理解
A
1. 正确答案：C. To provide people with medicine.
解析： 饺子的最初用途是治疗冻伤，里面加入了中药，属于药用食物。
2. 正确答案：B. Encouraging the army.
解析： 人们制作定胜糕是为了激励岳飞的军队士气，“定胜”寓意必赢。
3. 正确答案：B. Because it is a symbol of success and good luck.
解析： “定胜”这个名字本身就代表着胜利和好运，是一种寓意美好的礼物。
4. 正确答案：B. They are eaten in traditional celebrations.
解析： 饺子在春节等节日吃，定胜糕在重大庆典时吃，两者都与传统庆祝有关。
5. 正确答案：C. Stories behind Chinese tastes.
解析： 文章重点讲的是中国美食背后的故事，用“taste”最贴切，也符合“美食”主题。
B
1. 正确答案：C. Because he was inspired by a book.
解析： 第二段中写道：“With the book’s message in mind, Peterson made an unexpected decision...”说明是受书中的信息启发，才决定主动介绍自己。
2. 正确答案：C. A report which describes a person’s deeds.
解析： 文章讲述了真实人物 Peterson 和他所做的事（帮助流浪汉、成立组织、画肖像等），属于纪实类报道，而非虚构、戏剧或议论文。
3. 正确答案：B. ②③⑤
解析：
② 他成立了“Faces of Santa Ana”组织；
③ 他通过卖画筹集资金；
⑤ 他号召大家给流浪者画肖像。
①是背景信息，④是 Faris 做的，不是 Peterson。
4. 正确答案：C. to get over difficulties
解析： 文中指 Peterson 帮助流浪者“重新站起来”，指的是让他们重拾生活的信心和能力，不是字面上的“站起来”，也不是“恢复健康”或“拿回失物”。
5. 正确答案：D. Can I Paint Your Portrait
解析： 这句话是全文故事的转折点，也象征 Peterson 与 Faris 之间联系的开始，是文章最有代表性和感情力量的标题。
C
1. 正确答案：A. The first two show examples and Paragraph 3 tells why.
解析： 第一段和第二段举了两个例子（做作业分心、开车打电话危险），第三段解释了原因：大脑一次只能处理一件复杂事情，多任务会导致“认知过载”。因此是“先举例，再解释原因”。
2. 正确答案：D. A situation of the brain being very tired.
解析： 从原文“it’s like making your brain run a marathon without stopping”可知，“cognitive overload”是大脑非常疲惫的状态，因此选 D。
3. 正确答案：C. The public garden.
解析： 原文提到“people took a 50-minute walk in a public garden”，随后说“it did not”指的是在街道上散步并没有让记忆改善。因此“it”指前面改善记忆的环境——public garden。
4. 正确答案：B. Nature helps the brain relax and work better.
解析： Strayer 的研究发现大脑需要放松，而 Kaplan 的研究发现大自然让记忆力变好，两者都表明大自然有助于大脑放松并更好地运作。
5. 正确答案：D.
解析： 根据最后一句 “So the next time you feel your brain turning to 'mush' from too much screen time, try this: ...” 暗示下文建议要远离屏幕、接近大自然，因此图 D最符合作者的建议。
四、短文还原
第16空：F. Sometimes you may disagree with your friends about more serious subjects.
解析： 这一段说的是人们之间经常发生分歧，并举了一些轻松的例子（玩什么游戏、哪家披萨最好）。后面一句“Disagreements are uncomfortable.” 暗示前一句话应该是对“分歧”进一步展开，所以选 F，表示有时争论会更严重。
第17空：E. You can start by saying, “OK. I understand you, you are saying...”
解析： 前文讲的是“倾听对方、表示你在认真听”，而 E 给出了一种具体的语言方式去回应，是对“Another way to show you’re listening”的具体补充。
第18空：D. Avoid using impolite adjectives, like ‘stupid’, ‘foolish’ or ‘silly’.
解析： 前一句说“当别人有不同意见时，不要太在意”，下一句是“要冷静说话”，所以 D 衔接自然，提供了一个具体的负面示例（别使用不礼貌的词）。
第19空：B. Start by asking if you can share your opinion.
解析： 本段主题是“坚持事实”，B 作为开头句自然引出“表达自己的意见”，接下来讲的是如何说话和表达时保持冷静，因此 B 作为开头句最合适。
第20空：A. Still, look for the points you agree on.
解析： 这一段讲的是“你和对方都无法说服彼此”的情况，A 正好表示即使如此，也要寻找共同点，符合“Find common ground”的标题，是一个温和积极的结尾。
五、任务型阅读
答案和解析：
1. local
解析： 根据标题“Experiential travel”和表格中的“What”，此处需要填一个形容词修饰“life”，表达“体验当地生活”，文中原句：“these travelers immerse themselves in a different culture”说明体验的是当地人的生活（local life）。
2. understanding
解析： 表格中“Encouraging them to have a deeper _____ of a place” 是在说帮助游客更深入地“理解一个地方”。这与文中“it lets them understand a place more deeply”是直接对应的，空格应填名词 understanding（理解）。
3. knowledge
解析： 表格中“Improving their ______ about how local people live” 是在说提高他们对当地人生活方式的“了解”，文中“travelers learn more about the lives of local people”与此对应，填入 knowledge（知识、了解） 最合适。
4. possible
解析： 句子“Making it ______ for them to experience different ways of living and working”意为“让他们有可能去体验不同的生活和工作方式”，结合语法和含义，应填形容词 possible（可能的），构成固定句型“make it possible to do sth”。
5. friendships
解析： 文中有“Experiential travelers often make life-long friends with local people.” 所以本句应表达“建立持久的友谊”，空格应填名词复数 friendships（友谊），与“lasting”搭配自然。
6. share
解析： 原文：“feel like they are part of a global community”，意思是“他们感觉自己是全球社区的一部分”，用 share 表达“共享一个全球社区”的归属感是语义对等的动词选择。
7. How
解析： 根据结构可知这是表格的下一栏标题，前一栏是“What”和“Why”，此栏应对应 How（怎样做）。
8. alone / yourself（任选其一）
解析： 原文中写到“You don’t need to use a travel company…You can do it by yourself.”，表示“你可以自己完成”，所以这里应填 alone 或 yourself 均可。
9. travelling
解析： 根据句子结构“Ask local people questions when _____”需要填动名词，表达“当你在旅行时问问题”，原文对应语句是“When you travel”，用动名词形式 travelling（=while travelling）最合适。
10. Join / Attend（任选其一）
解析： 原句是“You can also take part in a soccer game in the street.”，“参加街头足球比赛”可以用 Join 或 Attend 都合适，表示参与活动。
六、答案与解析：
1. written
解析： 这是一个被动结构，poems 是“被写的”，需用过去分词 written。
2. up
解析： “put up”是固定短语，意思是“张贴、展示”。
3. truly
解析： 修饰动词 recommended，应用副词形式 truly（真正地）。
4. visitors
解析： 空前有“foreign”，需用名词复数 visitors（游客）。
5. a
解析： “as a bridge”是固定表达，表示“作为一座桥梁”。
6. are
解析： 主语是“three Chinese poems”（复数），句子为现在时，谓语动词用复数形式 are。
7. themselves
解析： 反身代词，they 的反身形式是 themselves，表示“发现他们自己”。
8. but
解析： 前后为转折关系，“我不懂中文，但翻译让我感受到了诗的美”，用连词 but。
9. closer
解析： “than before”提示这是比较级，正确形式是 closer。
10. making
解析： “making the display…” 是现在分词短语作结果状语，说明前面整句话的结果，表示“从而使得这些诗不仅是展览...”。
班级_________________ 姓名____________________ 学号______________ 得分_____________
选择填空 从下列每题所给的选项中选出一个最佳答案(满分10分)
1. Known as “the Most Beautiful 600 Meters in Nanjing”, Shixiang Road opens up a new view every ________, and each will leave a deep impression on you.
A. step B. cent C. degree D. message
2. Music is power. When words ________, music speaks.
A. fail B. remain C. explain D. succeed
3. —Do you enjoy the 15-minute break in your school
—Of course! Some activities are ________ designed to increase our interest in sports.
A. easily B. hardly C. specially D. peacefully
4. It’s possible that in future smart homes, ________ we can control appliances with our thoughts or homes can change the environment by themselves.
A. both B. either C. neither D. all
5. —Who should be responsible (负责的) for this traffic accident
—It’s not the right time to discuss that. __________, we should send the injured (受伤的) person to hospital.
A. Above all B. In all C. At all D. After all
6. There are so many things around us____ our will(意愿). However, we've no excuse to give up.
A. through B. towards C. against D. under
7. Which fits best for the blank in the note
What: __________
Where: By a lake
Who: All my family
Activities: Put up our tents near the lake; talked with other families from different places; played games; flew kites with new friends
A. My ideal home B. My camping trip C. My favourite sport D. My family members
8. —I'm sorry to _____ on you, but there are two things I don't understand.
—It doesn't matter.
A. cut down B. cut out C. cut in D. cut off
9. —The world’s first humanoid robot half-marathon is so interesting!
—________. Robots will be part of our lives in the future.
A. I’m afraid not B. It doesn’t matter C. That’s not the case D. I can’t agree more
10. Tom and John are discussing buying a new house:
Tom: Have you decided to buy that new house yet
John: Not yet. My wife must see it first. You know woman always has the last word.
Question: What does John mean by saying “Woman always has the last word”
A. Women usually talk more. B. Women have the final right to decide.
C. Women prefer to speak last in discussion. D. Women are better at giving others advice.
二、完形填空，从每题所给选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项（满分15分）
It was the day of the school sports meet. Tom stood nervously at the starting line of the 800-meter race. Beside him, his classmate Anna smiled, “Just focus on running. I’ll be right behind you.” Tom nodded, but his mind was full of ____11____. What if he fell What if he was the last one
The race began. Tom started fast, but by the first lap (圈), his breath became ____12____. He could hear his heart pounding. Anna passed him quickly, shouting, “Keep going, Tom! You’ve got this!” Her voice gave him a little ____13____.
Halfway through, Tom’s legs felt like lead (铅). He wanted to ____14____, but he remembered Anna’s words. He looked up and saw the finish line. Just one more lap, he told himself. Suddenly, a runner in front of him fell down. Tom turned to avoid hitting him, almost losing his ____15____.
As he neared the end, the crowd’s cheers grew louder. Anna was waiting at the finish line, waving her arms. Tom pushed harder, crossing the line just as the clock stopped. He breathed heavily, but a smile spread across his face—he had ____16____ the race, even if he wasn’t first.
After the race, Anna handed him a water bottle. “You did it!” she said. “I thought about giving up too, but seeing you keep going made me ____17____.”
Tom laughed weakly. “Really I felt like I could hardly move.”
“That’s the thing about challenges,” Anna said. “They’re scary, but once you start, you just have to ____18____.”
That night, Tom wrote in his diary: Today, Anna taught me that courage isn’t the absence of fear, but the ____19____ to keep going anyway. With friends beside you, hard things feel possible.
Weeks later, when Tom ____20____ a difficult math test, he thought of the race and Anna’s encouragement. He took a deep breath and ____21____ his pencil.
Years passed, but Tom never forgot that sports meet. The words of Anna, the feeling of crossing the finish line, and the ____22____ that friendship could turn fear into courage—these things stayed with him. Now, as a high school student, Tom often tells younger kids, “Don’t let fear ____23____ you. Find someone who believes in you, and let their courage be your ____24____.
And ____25____ he sees someone nervous at the starting line—whether in a race or in life—he remembers to say, “You’re not alone. We’ll face this together.”
11. A. hopes B. fears C. plans D. dreams
12. A. heavy B. light C. cool D. warm
13. A. pain B. pity C. energy D. surprise
14. A. win B. rest C. cheer D. stop
15. A. balance B. way C. time D. chance
16. A. missed B. finished C. failed D. forgotten
17. A. slow down B. give up C. speed up D. look back
18. A. wait B. stop C. continue D. smile
19. A. cause B. sign C. end D. strength
20. A. faced B. passed C. failed D. remembered
21. A. sent up B. gave up C. picked up D. dressed up
22. A. fact B. lie C. doubt D. question
23. A. help B. control C. teach D. follow
24. A. problem B. power C. prize D. practice
25. A. wherever B. whoever C. whatever D. whenever
三、阅读理解。（满分40分）
A
Many of China's dishes come with stories. They are part of China's long and fascinating history. Let's learn about the interesting origins (起源) of some famous dishes.
Dumplings' history goes back over 1,800 years. They were first used as medicine. In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, one winter, many poor people were frostbitten (冻伤), especially their ears. Zhang Zhongjing made some ear-shaped food with some Chinese medicine in it. He called these creations jiao'er, which means "tender ears" in English. After eating the jiao'er, people felt warm all over. Then, over time, the frostbite disappeared.
Zhang Zhongjing continued to give out jiao'er to poor, hungry people until the Eve of the Spring Festival. To celebrate the Spring Festival and their recovery (痊愈), people made their own jiao'er. This kind of ear-shaped food is the later "dumpling". Today, in northern China, people eat dumplings in most traditional Chinese festivals and celebrations.
The dingsheng cake is a popular snack in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. It is made with rice flour and sweet fillings, such as red bean paste or nuts.
It is said that people in Southern Song Dynasty made the cakes to inspire Yue Fei's army to win the fights. They engraved (雕刻) on the surfaces of cakes with two Chinese characters "Ding Sheng", which means "must-win" or "victory" in English. Today, the dingsheng cake has become a popular gift. It often appears in traditional Chinese celebrations and important events, such as big exams and elderly people's birthdays.
1. Why did Zhang Zhongjing make jiao'er
A. To teach people how to make dumplings.
B. To offer food to hungry people.
C. To provide people with medicine.
D. To celebrate the Spring Festival.
2. What was the dingsheng cake first made for
A. Thanking the army for their help.
B. Encouraging the army.
C. Welcoming the army.
D. Serving food for the army.
3. Why do you think the dingsheng cake has become a popular gift
A. Because it is cheap and easy to make.
B. Because it is a symbol of success and good luck.
C. Because it brings a taste of home.
D. Because it is a kind of delicious and sweet snack.
4. What do the two kinds of food have in common
A. They were made by famous cooks.
B. They are eaten in traditional celebrations.
C. They first appeared in the same dynasty.
D. They are popular in the south of China.
5. What do you think is the best title of the passage
A. Stories behind Chinese people
B. Stories behind Chinese festivals
C. Stories behind Chinese tastes
D. Stories behind Chinese customs
B
It was the summer of 2015. Brian Peterson and his wife had just moved to Santa Ana, California. Outside the couple’s fourth-floor apartment, a homeless man was often heard yelling (大叫) on the street corner. Peterson, a car designer, would pass the man on his way to work, but they never spoke. What topic could they possibly have in common
One afternoon, Peterson was reading a book LOVE DOES when the homeless man disturbed his peace. With the book’s message in mind, Peterson made an unexpected decision: He was going to introduce himself to the poor man.
In that first conversation, Peterson learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris. He had moved to California to chase his dream of becoming a musician. But he soon fell on hard times and ended up living on the street for more than ten years.
The man’s story moved Peterson. “Strangely,” Peterson later recalled, “I saw beauty in Faris’s face, even though he hadn’t shaved (修面) in probably a year.” He found himself asking if he could paint Faris’s portrait (肖像). Faris said yes.
Peterson’s connection with Faris led him to start “Faces of Santa Ana.” The volunteer organization calls on people to make friends with the poor people in their community and paint portraits for them. Peterson himself has painted 41 portraits so far. He sells them for a few thousand dollars each. The artist then helps his “models” to use the money to get back on their feet.
Faris used his share (份额) of the money to record an album. He was finally able to make his musical dreams a reality and that all started with a simple, friendly question: “Can I paint your portrait ”
1. According to paragraph 2, why did Peterson introduce himself to the poor man
A. Because the man was yelling at him. B. Because he wanted to paint a portrait for him.
C. Because he was inspired by a book. D. Because the homeless man disturbed his peace.
2. What’s the genre (体裁) of this passage
A. A fiction which is about imaginary people.
B. A drama which has some exciting events.
C. A report which describes a person’s deeds(事）.
D. An argumentation which supports an idea.
3. How did Peterson help poor people
① He read a book about the power of love in action.
② He started an organization “Face of Santa Ana”.
③ He sells portraits to raise money.
④ He recorded an album.
⑤ He calls on people to paint portraits for poor people.
A. ①②⑤ B. ②③⑤ C. ③④⑤ D. ①③④
4. The underlined phrase “to get back on their feet” in paragraph 5 means ____________.
A. to stand up again B. to have the lost things back
C. to get over difficulties D. to regain their health
5. What would be the best title for the passage
A. To Make Dreams a Reality B. I Saw Beauty in Faces
C. The Power of Love D. Can I Paint Your Portrait
C
Do you ever sit down to do homework, but within minutes, you’re checking your phone or iPad again and again You start by answering a message, then watch a short video or scroll through (浏览) posts. Before you realize it, an hour has passed with your homework still blank. You’re not lazy—your brain is getting tired from all the screen time! Your phone and iPad can bring you much fun, but using them too much can make it hard to focus and remember things.
This problem isn’t just for students. Adults face it too, especially when driving. David Strayer, a scientist who studies brains, has found something surprising: Using a phone while driving is as dangerous as drunk driving. Why Because when you talk or text, your brain can’t fully focus on the road.
So whether you’re a student or an adult, your brain can only handle one hard task at a time. That’s because every time you switch (切换) between tasks, your brain has to “start over”, which uses a lot of your energy. Scientists call this cognitive overload, and it’s like making your brain run a marathon without stopping.
Dr. Strayer has a simple solution for our screen-tired brains: spend some time in nature. Strayer and other scientists have studied nature’s influence on our brains and bodies. Research shows that when you’re around trees, grass, or even just looking at a photo of a forest, your brain relaxes. Psychologist (心理学家) Stephen Kaplan and his partners have done similar research. In one study, people took a 50-minute walk in a public garden. In a test organized afterwards, their short-term memory improved. When the same people walked on a city street and then took the test, it did not.
Stephen Kaplan explains it like this: Nature can give you a free brain massage (按摩，推拿). What we see in nature like sunsets, streams and butterflies can reduce stress and mental tiredness. We enjoy them without having to focus on them. This allows our brains to rest and recover from the stresses of modern life. “It’s the best therapy you can get at zero cost,” Kaplan says.
So the next time you feel your brain turning to “mush” from too much screen time, try this: …
1. How do the first two paragraphs relate to Paragraph 3
A. The first two show examples and Paragraph 3 tells why.
B. The first two list problems and Paragraph 3 gives solutions.
C. The first two present opinions and Paragraph 3 supports them.
D. The first two describe causes and Paragraph 3 shows the result.
2. The underlined phrase “cognitive overload” probably means _________.
A. A process of the brain resting well. B. A state of the brain being very active.
C. A feeling of the brain being very lazy. D. A situation of the brain being very tired.
3. What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 4
A. The memory test. B. The short-term memory.
C. The public garden. D. The long-term memory.
4. What do David Strayer and Stephen Kaplan’s research both show
A. Using screens too much makes the brain tired.
B. Nature helps the brain relax and work better.
C. Adults focus better than students when studying.
D. Short walks in the city improve memory quickly.
5. In the last incomplete paragraph, which picture probably shows the writer’s suggestion
A. B. C. D.
四、短文还原（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容，将下面方框中的句子还原到文章中，使短文内容完整。每个选项仅使用一次，有一个多余选项。
Talk to people you disagree with
Everyone sometimes has disagreements with friends or family members. For example, you might not agree about what game to play, which restaurant makes the best pizza. ______16______ Disagreements are uncomfortable. There are some steps you can take to make the conversation meaningful. Here is how.
See their attitude
Even if you disagree with someone, you can still listen to what they say. Let them know that you’re paying attention to them by listening carefully with interest. Another way to show that you’re listening is by asking questions or repeating what they said. _____17_____
Use polite language
When someone has an opinion you don’t agree with, don’t pay more attention to it. ______18_______ Instead, focus on speaking calmly（沉着地）. For example, you may begin with “I feel” or “I see this another way.”
Stick to the facts
If you have a strong opinion, it's better to stick to the facts instead of feelings. ______19_____ Then relax your shoulders and speak in a calm voice. If you are stopped by some person, you can remind the person that it's your turn to speak. Then give him another chance to speak later.
Find common ground
If you find that you can't change the other person's mind, and they may not change yours. ____20______ You may also get a better understanding of each other's opinion. In the end, it's worth the effort because healthy communication builds strong relationships and communities.
A. Still, look for the points you agree on.
B. Start by asking if you can share your opinion.
C. If this happens to you, you'd better say sorry to your friends.
D. Avoid using impolite adjectives, like “stupid” “foolish” or “silly”.
E. You can start by saying, “OK. I understand you, you are saying...”
F. Sometimes you may disagree with your friends about more serious subjects.
G. You should always stop talking if the other person seems angry.
五、任务型阅读
What is your perfect vacation popular trips include relaxing on a warm beach. Or they involve sightseeing in a beautiful city. Increasingly, though, many of us don't want to just visit a place. We want to experience it.
Experiential travel allows to get closer to local people and their culture. For example, experiential travelers might stay a few weeks with local hosts. They might take classes to learn craft. In other words, these travelers immerse（沉浸） themselves in a different culture. One such trip is in Fujian. There, a small group of travelers meet with a local fisherman. They learn how to fix nets and throw them in the water. They can fish together. Afterwards they all cook and eat a meal with the fisherman's family.
Experiential travel helps people become better citizens. First of all, it lets them understand a place more deeply than tourists usually do. As one traveler says, traditional travel is “like” studying science without ever doing a scientific experiment.” Since they often stay and work in one place, travelers learn more about the lives of local people. It exposes（使体验） them to different ways of living and working. Experiential travelers often make life-long friends with local people. They stay in touch after the trip has finished. Expriential travel helps travelers—and local people—feel like they are part of a global community.
You don't need to use a travel company to get the benefits（好处） of experiential travel. You can do it by yourself. You can ask local people questions when you travel. Ask a driver about her life. You can also take part in a soccer game in the street. Listening to people's stories and interacting（交流） with local people will change your understanding of the place you are visiting.
Experiential travel
What Experience 1 life when traveling.
Why Help people become better citizens Encouraging them to have a deeper 2 of a place.
Improving their 3 about how local people life
Making it 4 for them to experience different ways of living and working.
Making lasting 5 between travelers and local people.
Helping them feel like they 6 a global community.
___7______ Do it 8 . Ask local people questions when _9_______________. Ask a driver about her life. __10_________ a soccer game in the street. Listen to people's stories and interact with local people.
六、综合填空题（共15分，每空1.5分）
阅读短文，根据内容填写所缺单词，每空不限一词。
In the busy underground stations of Seoul, there is a new surprise for passengers: Chinese poems on the screen doors. These are famous works 1_________ (write) by great Chinese poets like Li Bai, Du Mu and Xin Qiji.
The Seoul government wanted to welcome foreign tourists, so they put 2_________ 24 poems from 13 languages in the underground stations, including English, Chinese, Japanese and so on. It’s said that the 24 poems were 3_________ (true) recommended by experts and embassies (专家和大使馆) in the Republic of Korea, not chosen at random. When foreign 4_________ (visit) step into these subway stations, they are immediately greeted by this artistic display. The Chinese poems, in particular, stand out as 5_________ bridge connecting the ancient wisdom and beauty of China with the modern vibrancy of Seoul.
Among the 24 poems 6_________ (be) three Chinese poems: “A dialogue in the mountain” (《山中问答》) by Li Bai, “Going up the hill” (《山行》) by Du Mu and “Song of Ugly Slave” (《丑奴儿·书博山道中壁》) by Xin Qiji. Now, these well-known Chinese poems have traveled thousands of miles and find 7_________ (they) in the heart of Seoul, ready to make new friends.
A man living in the city said that he enjoyed this new way of learning about other cultures. “I don’t know Chinese,” he said, “8_________ the translations let me feel the beauty of the poems. Reading these poems helps me learn more about China and its beauty. It breaks down barriers and brings people 9_________ (close) together than before through the power of poetry.”
This feeling is shared by many people who pass through the Seoul subway stations, 10_________ (make) the display of Chinese poems not just a cultural exhibit but a celebration of the shared human spirit.
2025秋学期 （中考热身）9A Unit1 单元测试 原创 （详细解析）
解析：
一、选择题
1. 正确答案：A. step
解析： 句意为“每一步都会打开一个新视野”，符合习惯用法。其它选项（cent, degree, message）不合适表达“每一步”。
2. 正确答案：A. fail
解析： 句意是“当言语失败时，音乐会表达”，固定表达为“When words fail”。其他选项不符合语境。
3. 正确答案：C. specially
解析： “Some activities are specially designed...”表示“特别设计的活动”，符合语法和语义。其他副词意思不合适。
4. 正确答案：B. either
解析： 句意为“将来可能是这样，或者那样”，表示二者其一，用 either...or 结构更合适。A 和 D 表示全部，C 表示都不对，不符合语境。
5. 正确答案：A. Above all
解析： “Above all, we should...” 表示“最重要的是”，符合句意。其他选项不搭配此语境。
6. 正确答案：C. against
解析： “There are many things against our will”表示“很多事情违背我们的意愿”，符合搭配习惯。
7. 正确答案：B. My camping trip
解析： 根据活动描述（搭帐篷、玩游戏、放风筝），最符合“camping trip（露营）”的主题。
8. 正确答案：C. cut in
解析： “cut in on sb”表示“打断某人说话”，符合对话语境。
9. 正确答案：D. I can’t agree more
解析： 表示“我完全同意”，符合积极回应的语气。其他选项均为否定或反对。
10. 正确答案：B. Women have the final right to decide.
解析： “Woman always has the last word”意指“女人拥有最终决定权”，常用表达，其他选项意思不符。
二、完形填空：
B. fears
解析：句意是汤姆紧张，心里充满了“害怕”。fear是“害怕”，fits语境。
A. heavy
解析：呼吸变得“沉重”了，heavy更合适。
C. energy
解析：安娜的鼓励给了汤姆“能量”，energy符合语境。
D. stop
解析：汤姆想“放弃”，stop最合适。
A. balance
解析：避免撞到倒地选手时差点失去“平衡”，balance合适。
B. finished
解析：尽管不是第一名，汤姆完成了比赛，finished最贴切。
C. speed up
解析：安娜说看到汤姆坚持下去，自己也加快了速度，speed up符合。
C. continue
解析：面对挑战时，只能“继续”，continue最合适。
D. strength
解析：勇气不是没有恐惧，而是“继续前进的力量”，strength符合。
A. faced
解析：遇到难题，faced（面对）最合适。
C. picked up
解析：鼓起勇气拿起铅笔，picked up符合。
A. fact
解析：友情将恐惧转化为勇气，这是真实的事实，fact合适。
B. control
解析：不要让恐惧“控制”你，control最合适。
B. power
解析：让别人的勇气成为你的“力量”，power最贴切。
D. whenever
解析：“每当”看到有人紧张时，whenever符合。
三、阅读理解
A
1. 正确答案：C. To provide people with medicine.
解析： 饺子的最初用途是治疗冻伤，里面加入了中药，属于药用食物。
2. 正确答案：B. Encouraging the army.
解析： 人们制作定胜糕是为了激励岳飞的军队士气，“定胜”寓意必赢。
3. 正确答案：B. Because it is a symbol of success and good luck.
解析： “定胜”这个名字本身就代表着胜利和好运，是一种寓意美好的礼物。
4. 正确答案：B. They are eaten in traditional celebrations.
解析： 饺子在春节等节日吃，定胜糕在重大庆典时吃，两者都与传统庆祝有关。
5. 正确答案：C. Stories behind Chinese tastes.
解析： 文章重点讲的是中国美食背后的故事，用“taste”最贴切，也符合“美食”主题。
B
1. 正确答案：C. Because he was inspired by a book.
解析： 第二段中写道：“With the book’s message in mind, Peterson made an unexpected decision...”说明是受书中的信息启发，才决定主动介绍自己。
2. 正确答案：C. A report which describes a person’s deeds.
解析： 文章讲述了真实人物 Peterson 和他所做的事（帮助流浪汉、成立组织、画肖像等），属于纪实类报道，而非虚构、戏剧或议论文。
3. 正确答案：B. ②③⑤
解析：
② 他成立了“Faces of Santa Ana”组织；
③ 他通过卖画筹集资金；
⑤ 他号召大家给流浪者画肖像。
①是背景信息，④是 Faris 做的，不是 Peterson。
4. 正确答案：C. to get over difficulties
解析： 文中指 Peterson 帮助流浪者“重新站起来”，指的是让他们重拾生活的信心和能力，不是字面上的“站起来”，也不是“恢复健康”或“拿回失物”。
5. 正确答案：D. Can I Paint Your Portrait
解析： 这句话是全文故事的转折点，也象征 Peterson 与 Faris 之间联系的开始，是文章最有代表性和感情力量的标题。
C
1. 正确答案：A. The first two show examples and Paragraph 3 tells why.
解析： 第一段和第二段举了两个例子（做作业分心、开车打电话危险），第三段解释了原因：大脑一次只能处理一件复杂事情，多任务会导致“认知过载”。因此是“先举例，再解释原因”。
2. 正确答案：D. A situation of the brain being very tired.
解析： 从原文“it’s like making your brain run a marathon without stopping”可知，“cognitive overload”是大脑非常疲惫的状态，因此选 D。
3. 正确答案：C. The public garden.
解析： 原文提到“people took a 50-minute walk in a public garden”，随后说“it did not”指的是在街道上散步并没有让记忆改善。因此“it”指前面改善记忆的环境——public garden。
4. 正确答案：B. Nature helps the brain relax and work better.
解析： Strayer 的研究发现大脑需要放松，而 Kaplan 的研究发现大自然让记忆力变好，两者都表明大自然有助于大脑放松并更好地运作。
5. 正确答案：D.
解析： 根据最后一句 “So the next time you feel your brain turning to 'mush' from too much screen time, try this: ...” 暗示下文建议要远离屏幕、接近大自然，因此图 D最符合作者的建议。
四、短文还原
第16空：F. Sometimes you may disagree with your friends about more serious subjects.
解析： 这一段说的是人们之间经常发生分歧，并举了一些轻松的例子（玩什么游戏、哪家披萨最好）。后面一句“Disagreements are uncomfortable.” 暗示前一句话应该是对“分歧”进一步展开，所以选 F，表示有时争论会更严重。
第17空：E. You can start by saying, “OK. I understand you, you are saying...”
解析： 前文讲的是“倾听对方、表示你在认真听”，而 E 给出了一种具体的语言方式去回应，是对“Another way to show you’re listening”的具体补充。
第18空：D. Avoid using impolite adjectives, like ‘stupid’, ‘foolish’ or ‘silly’.
解析： 前一句说“当别人有不同意见时，不要太在意”，下一句是“要冷静说话”，所以 D 衔接自然，提供了一个具体的负面示例（别使用不礼貌的词）。
第19空：B. Start by asking if you can share your opinion.
解析： 本段主题是“坚持事实”，B 作为开头句自然引出“表达自己的意见”，接下来讲的是如何说话和表达时保持冷静，因此 B 作为开头句最合适。
第20空：A. Still, look for the points you agree on.
解析： 这一段讲的是“你和对方都无法说服彼此”的情况，A 正好表示即使如此，也要寻找共同点，符合“Find common ground”的标题，是一个温和积极的结尾。
五、任务型阅读
答案和解析：
1. local
解析： 根据标题“Experiential travel”和表格中的“What”，此处需要填一个形容词修饰“life”，表达“体验当地生活”，文中原句：“these travelers immerse themselves in a different culture”说明体验的是当地人的生活（local life）。
2. understanding
解析： 表格中“Encouraging them to have a deeper _____ of a place” 是在说帮助游客更深入地“理解一个地方”。这与文中“it lets them understand a place more deeply”是直接对应的，空格应填名词 understanding（理解）。
3. knowledge
解析： 表格中“Improving their ______ about how local people live” 是在说提高他们对当地人生活方式的“了解”，文中“travelers learn more about the lives of local people”与此对应，填入 knowledge（知识、了解） 最合适。
4. possible
解析： 句子“Making it ______ for them to experience different ways of living and working”意为“让他们有可能去体验不同的生活和工作方式”，结合语法和含义，应填形容词 possible（可能的），构成固定句型“make it possible to do sth”。
5. friendships
解析： 文中有“Experiential travelers often make life-long friends with local people.” 所以本句应表达“建立持久的友谊”，空格应填名词复数 friendships（友谊），与“lasting”搭配自然。
6. share
解析： 原文：“feel like they are part of a global community”，意思是“他们感觉自己是全球社区的一部分”，用 share 表达“共享一个全球社区”的归属感是语义对等的动词选择。
7. How
解析： 根据结构可知这是表格的下一栏标题，前一栏是“What”和“Why”，此栏应对应 How（怎样做）。
8. alone / yourself（任选其一）
解析： 原文中写到“You don’t need to use a travel company…You can do it by yourself.”，表示“你可以自己完成”，所以这里应填 alone 或 yourself 均可。
9. travelling
解析： 根据句子结构“Ask local people questions when _____”需要填动名词，表达“当你在旅行时问问题”，原文对应语句是“When you travel”，用动名词形式 travelling（=while travelling）最合适。
10. Join / Attend（任选其一）
解析： 原句是“You can also take part in a soccer game in the street.”，“参加街头足球比赛”可以用 Join 或 Attend 都合适，表示参与活动。
六、答案与解析：
1. written
解析： 这是一个被动结构，poems 是“被写的”，需用过去分词 written。
2. up
解析： “put up”是固定短语，意思是“张贴、展示”。
3. truly
解析： 修饰动词 recommended，应用副词形式 truly（真正地）。
4. visitors
解析： 空前有“foreign”，需用名词复数 visitors（游客）。
5. a
解析： “as a bridge”是固定表达，表示“作为一座桥梁”。
6. are
解析： 主语是“three Chinese poems”（复数），句子为现在时，谓语动词用复数形式 are。
7. themselves
解析： 反身代词，they 的反身形式是 themselves，表示“发现他们自己”。
8. but
解析： 前后为转折关系，“我不懂中文，但翻译让我感受到了诗的美”，用连词 but。
9. closer
解析： “than before”提示这是比较级，正确形式是 closer。
10. making
解析： “making the display…” 是现在分词短语作结果状语，说明前面整句话的结果，表示“从而使得这些诗不仅是展览...”。