UNIT 4 单元仿真验收性评价
(时间:100分钟,满分:120分。)
第一部分:阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Body language is important for communication in every language. If you really want to be fluent and communicate effectively with English speakers, you will need to understand what types of body language they use.
What Exactly is Body Language
Body language is the movement of facial features or body parts, which intentionally (有意地) or unintentionally express thoughts and attitudes. Here are three key types:
Facial expressions:A smile, a slight frown or a straight face are all different expressions that add another layer (层) of meaning to what you are saying. Eye contact is an especially significant part of body language that you need to pay attention to while speaking English or listening to someone else.
Hand gestures:When you talk, do you move your hands around or do you keep them at your side Folded arms, hands on hips or hands in pockets can create different messages even if you are saying the same words.
Body position:The position of your body also means a lot.Leaning forward while somebody is speaking or how far you stand apart from your audience — it all matters.
How to Practice English Body Language.
While learning how to speak English takes a lot of work, from mastering grammar to perfecting pronunciation, body language requires the same attention and investment. What makes it even more challenging is that body language varies from culture to culture. For example, did you know that in Bulgaria, people nod their heads up and down to mean “no”?
Therefore, you need to learn body language from real native English speakers. But how can you practice if you are not currently living with English speakers or in an English speaking region
1.Which of the following is a facial expression
A.Giving your brother a bear hug.
B.Saying hello to your friend.
C.Nodding to your boss in the meeting.
D.Raising your eyebrows on seeing a dog.
2.What causes more difficulties in learning body language
A.The cultural differences.
B.The changing gestures.
C.A lack of communication.
D.A lack of professional training.
3.What will be written in the following paragraphs
A.The history of body language.
B.The advantages of body language.
C.The ways of practicing body language.
D.The problems of learning body language.
B
When I first launched my business about 10 years ago and started working in Mexico, I noticed co workers and friends greeting each other with a brief hug and a kiss on the cheek.So I started doing that too, as I believed it was the custom, until one day my business partner pulled me aside and said, “Can you stop hugging and kissing the receptionist every time you come into the office I think it sends the wrong message.”
I didn't understand the culture well enough to appreciate the unwritten rules.Yet, as CEO of a fast growing multi national company, that's exactly what I needed to learn — and fast.I not only wanted to stop sending the wrong message, but I wanted to start sending the right messages.I wanted to understand how to tap into the diverse aspects of Latino culture while staying true to the culture of my own country and business.Expanding to other geographies only increases the importance of sending the right messages that support a more open and diverse workforce.
“As a CEO, it is important to learn some of the basic phrases in the native languages of your employees — it shows your respect for their culture.”
Every culture has its own set of primary cultural drivers.In the U.S. we tend to be driven by popularity, success and financial reward.Other regions' drivers can include family pride or community contribution.By learning these drivers and how they impact your relationships, you can build trust truly within your company.For example, in Northern Ireland and Mexico, I learned that family units stay close together and often meet every week for a meal, and co workers are occasionally invited to these family functions.While this is not a regular practice in the U.S., I found that joining these family meals was crucial for building trust with my colleagues.
Over the years, I have learned to talk openly about these awkward aspects of culture and diversity.They need to be tackled head on to come to a solution.By doing so, you can build trust and bridge large differences that lead to better productivity, higher levels of innovation, and a more enjoyable company culture that represents every culture that makes up your business.As leaders, it is our job to put these issues on the table and hammer_through them sincerely — no matter the cultural divide.
4.The author mentions hugging and kissing on the cheek to ________.
A.demonstrate he/she is used to the life in Mexico
B.provide an example of his misunderstanding
C.support he/she is fully aware of the custom
D.compare body language in different cultures
5.What can we learn from the fourth paragraph
A.People in the U.S. bank on family functions.
B.People in Mexico focus more on success.
C.Cultural motivations vary with the country.
D.Building trust mainly relies on socializing.
6.Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “hammer through” in the last paragraph
A.deal with B.look forward to
C.burn up D.be proud of
7.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.What is cultural diversity
B.What is proper body language
C.How to send the right messages
D.How to build trust in a diverse culture
C
At your next meeting, wait for a pause in conversation and try to measure how long it lasts.
Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at most. But while this pattern may be universal, our awareness of silence differs dramatically across cultures.
What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as a valuable moment of reflection and a sign of respect for what the last speaker has said. Research in Dutch (荷兰语) and also in English found that when a silence in conversation stretches to four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. In contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy with silences of 8.2 seconds — nearly twice as long as in Americans' meetings.
In Japan, it is recognised that the best communication is when you don't speak at all. It's already a failure to understand each other by speaking because you're repairing that failure by using words.
In the US, it may originate from the history of colonial (殖民地的) America as a crossroads of many different races. When you have a complex of difference, it's hard to establish common understanding unless you talk and there's understandably a kind of anxiety unless people are verbally engaged to establish a common life. This applies also to some extent to London.
In contrast, when there's more homogeneity,_perhaps it's easier for some kinds of silence to appear. For example, among your closest friends and family it's easier to sit in silence than with people you're less well acquainted with.
8.Which of the following people might have the longest silence in conversation
A.The Dutch. B.Americans.
C.The English. D.The Japanese.
9.What might the Japanese agree with in conversation
A.Speaking more gives the upper hand.
B.Speak out what you have in your mind.
C.Great minds think alike without words.
D.The shorter talking silence, the better.
10.What can we learn from the text
A.A four second silence in conversation is universal.
B.It's hard for Americans to reach a common agreement.
C.English speakers are more talkative than Japanese speakers.
D.The closer we and our family are, the easier the silence appears.
11.What does the underlined word “homogeneity” in the last paragraph mean
A.Similarity. B.Contradiction.
C.Diversity. D.Misunderstanding.
D
When we first meet new people, we all feel a little awkward and the key to getting our comfort back is being able to read the other person's body language.Believe it or not, this is possible even from the very first few seconds when you meet that new person.
Eye contact is very important in communication, especially with new people.Good use of eye contact, which does not avoid the other's, does not stare and does not linger on certain parts of the other's body improperly, is a key part of getting to understand new people.Proper eye contact shows respect and it shows that you are interested in interacting with the other person.How much eye contact to make in different cultures?If you read the other person's body signals correctly, you will see how much eye contact to make.
Posture says a lot about a person's personality and mood.Slouching (低垂的) shoulders and a curved spine (脊柱) say that they are depressed down and lacking confidence in themselves.
The tilt (倾斜) of a person's head gives away their mood, too.A head which is balance both horizontally and vertically on the neck shows confidence and self esteem.When they want to speak or make a particular point, the authoritative, confident person will usually lean their head forward just a little bit, but without taking up too much on the personal space of their listener.If they tilt their heads to one side while you are talking, you can be assured that they are listening to you attentively and that they will be likely to give you time to speak and say what you have to say.Of course, this position can change, and it should.Nobody's position should be maintained for too long as that will seem unnatural.If someone stays in one position and doesn't speak for a long time, do check it: he/she may have fallen asleep!
12.When you first meet a person, you should avoid ________.
A.staring at a certain part of his/her body
B.making eye contact
C.showing your personal interest
D.paying attention to his/her body language
13.If a person keeps a position for a long time while you are talking, he/she ________.
A.may be poor in memory
B.may be in a bad mood
C.may lack self confidence
D.may lack interest
14.According to the passage, you will be happy to see the other person ________ when you are talking.
A.nod his/her head from time to time
B.tilt his/her head to one side
C.change from one position to another often
D.keep his/her head balanced
15.What does this passage mainly talk about
A.How to use body language in communication.
B.How to understand other people by reading the body language they act.
C.How to make body language more understandable.
D.How to overcome our awkwardness when we meet strangers.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Successful public speaking centers on the physical message of presentation. __16__ It includes posture, eye contact and gestures.
We have all seen nervous presenters in classrooms and meetings.One effect of being nervous is moving from side to side. __17__ In fact, the audience can lose interest in a speaker who does not move.How a speaker moves is important.Whole body movement should be slow and planned to control attention.Such movement helps to communicate confidence.
__18__ They'll be looking at their notes, the screen or the floor.The problem of having notes and trying to talk from notes is often a big problem.So they have trouble with eye contact.
The best way to solve this problem is to use images and a few words for notes instead of sentences.The images should help communicate the points you want to make.Writing a few words with images on your slides helps you remember your points. __19__
A good way to improve your body language is to make a video of your presentation and watch yourself.This helps you to become aware of what you need to change.__20__ When you practice, be aware of your posture, eye contact and gestures.Record yourself using a phone or a camera.Watch yourself and plan what you will do to improve.
A.Some call this “body language”.
B.Your eyes will speak your mind secretly.
C.An important part of public speaking is practice.
D.A presenter does not need to stand perfectly still.
E.Then you can look at the audience while speaking.
F.A speaker needs to focus on his speech all the time.
G.Some speakers find it difficult to make eye contact with the audience.
第二部分:语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anna had been job hunting for months.A few days ago, she finally __21__ an interview at her ideal company.
On the day of the interview, Anna arrived at the company early.She dressed ___22__. While waiting, she was surrounded by __23__and her heart was racing.She tried to calm down by taking a deep breath and __24__ herself that all the hard work would pay off.
After a few minutes, the interviewer, Ms Lee, came to greet Anna and asked her a series of questions about her __25__ and skills.Anna answered confidently, trying to __26__her strengths and accomplishments (成绩).
However, Anna noticed that Ms Lee's body language was not very __27__— she was frowning with arms crossed.Anna felt slightly embarrassed but tried to __28__ her mood.As the interview continued, Anna started using positive body language to show her __29__ and confidence.she bent forward in her chair, __30__ eye contact with Ms Lee and used hand gestures to __31__her points.She also smiled more and her facial expression relaxed.
Anna noticed that Ms Lee straightened up and even smiled a little __32__ she did this.It was Anna's body language that had made Ms Lee relax, and realize that she was __33__ for the position.
A few days later, Anna received the job offer.She knew that __34__communication had played a big role in her __35__.By practicing appropriate body language, the chances of success would be surely improved.
21.A.landed B.replied
C.dreamt D.broke
22.A.informally B.professionally
C.conveniently D.familiarly
23.A.anger B.hesitation
C.nervousness D.surprise
24.A.informing B.reminding
C.warning D.promising
25.A.family B.arrangement
C.experience D.address
26.A.insist B.ignore
C.hide D.underline
27.A.annoying B.exciting
C.moving D.encouraging
28.A.adopt B.admire
C.adjust D.apply
29.A.interest B.disagreement
C.pride D.forgiveness
30.A.contained B.maintained
C.avoided D.rejected
31.A.divide B.recognize
C.clarify D.recall
32.A.as B.before
C.unless D.though
33.A.responsible B.thankful
C.famous D.suitable
34.A.nonverbal B.honest
C.free D.internal
35.A.trail B.employment
C.adventure D.inquiry
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Your body language will give out a lot more information. 36.__________ (base) on your body language it can be seen whether you are self confident.It can also show if you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give 37.________ impression of whether you are speaking 38.____________ (truthful) or not.Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are a nice person, who 39.____________ (take) the work seriously, or who has a sense of burnout, and can enjoy a joke from time 40.________ time.The members of the application committee will ask you some questions, 41.________ your answers won't only be oral. The committee will not only pay attention to 42.________ you say, but also to how you say it!Body language will determine first if it “clicks”, and sometimes all it takes is just a few 43.________ (second). Everybody 44.________ (use) body language, but it takes place mostly at a subconscious (下意识的) level. Using body language appropriately, you can certainly increase your chances of 45.____________ (get) a job.
第三部分:写作(共两节,满分40分)(建议教师批阅)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你校将为外国学生举办一场中国文化夏令营。请给你的英国朋友Tom发一封邮件,邀请他来参加这次活动,内容包括:
1.时间和地点; 2.夏令营内容(餐桌礼仪、身势语文化、参观博物馆等); 3.报名方式和截止日期。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇:中国文化夏令营 Summer Camp of Chinese Culture
Dear Tom,
Here comes a piece of good news.____________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At the start of the school year, I had to tell everyone about my summer.My voice slid down my throat and wouldn't come back up no matter how many times I coughed.
That speech only took 30 seconds.But this time, I had three weeks to research and write my speech.When I asked for advice at dinner on the last Friday, Dad said, “Well now, Kyna, a speech is like this table.The top is your topic.Your main points are the legs.If you don't have enough, it'll just fall over.”
He was no help to me.All I was doing to write this speech was staring at the computer screen.When Mom came to my bedroom that night, she asked, “When is this speech due?”
“Monday.I hate speaking in front of people,” I said.
“There's nothing to fear here,” she said.“Know what I did when I had to give my first speech I drew pictures.I showed them what I could do well and talked about it.I got a round of applause (掌声).”
Mom drew so well that you believed it could be real.I have a picture on my wall to prove it — a street leading out of my room up to a castle on a hill that has me traveling there in my dreams almost every night.That night when I went in through the keep (堡垒) of the castle and entered the kitchen, I was blinded by a flash of bright light — Penelope, the princess I imagined living there held up an old fashioned camera.
When I woke up in the morning, I had a plan for how to prepare for my speech.That Sunday, I practiced the speech until my voice went hoarse (嘶哑的).
On Monday, Mom and Dad drove me to school, and I wore my favorite sunglasses, made out of the lenses (镜片) of two old cameras.
Behind a camera is where I felt the most comfortable, especially with Mom and Dad right there with me, sitting in the back of the classroom with a few grandparents who came to hear the speeches.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式作答。
When I stood up in front, the whole class looked like they would if I put them on the other side of my camera._________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Dad clapped his hands together loud and clear._________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
UNIT 4 单元仿真验收性评价
第一部分
[A]
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。肢体语言对于每种语言的交流都很重要。如果你真的想流利地与说英语的人进行有效的交流,你需要了解他们使用哪种类型的肢体语言。本文主要介绍了不同类型的肢体语言。
1.选D 细节理解题。根据“Facial expressions”部分中“A smile, a slight frown or a straight face are all different expressions that add another layer (层) of meaning to what you are saying.”可知,面部表情包含面部动作,选项D“看到狗就扬起眉毛”包含眼部的动作,属于面部表情。
2.选A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“What makes it even more challenging is that body language varies from culture to culture.”可知,文化不同,同样的肢体语言表示的含义也不同,这一点增加了理解肢体语言的困难。
3.选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But how can you practice if you are not currently living with English speakers or in an English speaking region?”提出了问题,所以接下来的内容应介绍练习肢体语言的方法。
[B]
语篇解读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己在异国工作时,因文化差异产生误解。他认识到,作为领导应该学习并尊重员工们的本国文化。
4.选B 推理判断题。根据第二段首句“I didn't understand the culture ... what I needed to learn — and fast.”及第一段可知,这篇文章主要讲述了作者认识到应该了解异国的文化,而第一段介绍自己和同事拥抱、亲吻脸颊是举例证明由于自己不了解当地文化而产生了误会。
5.选C 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Every culture has its own set of primary cultural drivers.”可知,文化驱动因素是因国家不同而变化的,下文对此举例论证。
6.选A 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文可知,作者认为文化差异问题应该正面解决,画线词前的“put these issues on the table”也是这个意思,不能逃避,主动去面对、去了解,才有可能解决这些问题,画线短语的宾语them指代前面的issues。由此推测,该短语的意思是“解决”,与上文的“tackled”呼应。
7.选D 标题归纳题。根据第二段并结合全文可知,作者主要通过自身经历讲述了如何在多元文化中建立信任。所以短文的最佳标题为“如何在多元文化中建立信任?”。
[C]
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了谈话中的沉默文化。尽管交谈中出现停顿是普遍存在的,但我们对沉默的认识在不同的文化中有着巨大的差异。不同的文化中沉默时间不同,对于沉默的看法也不同。
8.选D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句和第四段内容可知,日本人在谈话中沉默的时间最长。
9.选C 推理判断题。根据第四段首句可知,在日本,一般认为最好的交流是一句话不说的时候。因此推断日本人认为“伟大的心灵,无言而喻”。
10.选D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知,亲密的人之间更容易出现沉默,因此可推断出,我们和家人越亲密,沉默越容易出现。
11.选A 词义猜测题。根据下文的举例可知,越亲密的人,越容易出现沉默,因此画线词所在句表示“相比而言,当有更多相似时,也许沉默更容易出现”。故画线词意思与similarity意义相近。
[D]
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何通过分析一个人的肢体语言来了解其性格特征及其内心活动。
12.选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Good use of eye contact, which ... does not stare and does not linger on certain parts of the other's body improperly ...”可知,第一次见面的时候不应该把目光停留在对方身体的某个部位上。
13.选D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知,如果一个人长时间保持同一个姿势不说话,一定要确认一下,他/她也许是睡着了;由此可推知,他/她对所谈论的话题不感兴趣。
14.选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段第四句可知,如果一个人侧着头听你说话,这说明他/她在认真听你讲;由此可推知,这样你会觉得很高兴。
15.选B 主旨大意题。阅读全文可知,本文主要介绍的是如何通过分析一个人的肢体语言来了解其性格特征和内心活动。
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。一场成功的演讲要有恰当的肢体语言。本文从姿态、眼神交流及手势三个方面给出了建议。
16.选A 空后一句提到它包括姿态、眼神交流和手势。A项“有人称之为‘肢体语言’”承上启下,其中的body language正是下一句的主语It所指代的内容。
17.选D 空后一句提到如果演讲者一动不动,听众会失去兴趣。D项指出“演讲者没必要一直站着不动”,与上下文语意衔接自然。
18.选G 空后一句提到了他们会看笔记、屏幕或地板,这是不擅长进行眼神交流的演讲者会有的表现。G项指出“有些演讲者发现难以与听众进行眼神交流”,与下文语义衔接自然。
19.选E 本段该空前的内容介绍了一种解决方法:用图像和简短的单词记笔记,从而帮你记住要点。E项紧承上文介绍了这种方法的效果:这样你就可以一边演讲一边看着听众了。
20.选C 空后一句提到了进行练习时要注意的方面。C项指出“练习对当众演讲来说很重要”,恰能引出下一句对练习注意事项的介绍。
第二部分
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Anna在面试过程中通过调整自己的肢体语言来改善面试氛围,最终获得工作机会的故事。
21.选A 根据上文“Anna had been job hunting for months.”可知,Anna一直在找工作;而下文“On the day of the interview, Anna arrived at the company early.”则暗示,Anna得到了一个面试机会。
22.选B 根据上文“On the day of the interview, Anna arrived at the company early.”可知,Anna今天要面试,所以她的穿着自然是很职业化的。
23.选C 根据空后“her heart was racing”可知,Anna此时非常紧张,所以才心跳加快。
24.选B 根据空后内容“that all the hard work would pay off”可知,这是Anna一直在提醒自己的话。
25.选C 根据常理可知,面试单位想要了解的自然是工作经验和技能。
26.选D 根据上文“Anna answered confidently”可推测出,Anna自然是强调自己的优点和成就。
27.选D 根据下文“she was frowning with arms crossed”可知,李女士的眉头紧锁、双臂交叉。由此可知,此时,李女士的肢体语言是不太令人鼓舞的。
28.选C 根据空前“Anna felt slightly embarrassed”以及空后“Anna started using positive body language”可知,Anna是在调整自己的情绪。
29.选A 根据空后的“confidence”以及此时Anna正在面试过程中可知,Anna是在用肢体语言表现自己对面试单位的兴趣。
30.选B 根据上文“she bent forward in her chair”可推测,作者是在和李女士保持眼神交流。
31.选C 根据空后的“her points”可知,作者是用手势语来阐明自己的观点。
32.选A 考查时间状语从句的引导词,表示“当……时”,用as引导。
33.选D 根据上文的“It was Anna's body language that had made Ms Lee relax”以及下文的“A few days later, Anna received the job offer.”可知,李女士是认为Anna很适合这个职位,才录用了Anna。
34.选A 根据下文“By practicing appropriate body language, the chances of success would be surely improved.”可知,Anna明白是肢体语言帮助她获得了这份工作,也就是非言语交流。
35.选B 根据上文“A few days later, Anna received the job offer.”以及全文内容可知,Anna指的是非言语交流在自己被雇用这一过程中起到了很大的作用。
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。肢体语言可以反映一个人的个性,也可以帮助人们增加获得工作的机会。
36.Based 考查非谓语动词。 “it can be seen whether you are self confident”为句子的主干,设空处应用非谓语动词形式。be based on意为“以……为基础”。
37.an 考查冠词。设空处修饰单数可数名词impression,且impression的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
38.truthfully 考查副词。修饰are speaking应用副词形式,故填truthfully。
39.takes 考查时态和主谓一致。设空处在定语从句中作谓语,who代指先行词a nice person,所以用第三人称单数形式;时态应与后面的并列从句时态一致,故用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
40.to 考查介词。from time to time“有时,不时”。
41.but 考查连词。句意:你提交申请的委员会的成员们会问你一些问题,但是你的回答不只是口头的。根据句意可知,设空处前后的内容之间表示转折关系,故填but。
42.what 考查名词性从句。to为介词,to后的从句作宾语,所以空处引导宾语从句,且设空处在从句中作宾语,故填what。
43.seconds 考查名词复数。a few修饰可数名词的复数形式,故填seconds。
44.uses 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据后文的时态可知,用一般现在时;Everybody作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。故填uses。
45.getting 考查非谓语动词。介词of后要跟动名词形式,故填getting。
第三部分
第一节(参考范文)
Dear Tom,
Here comes a piece of good news. Summer Camp of Chinese Culture, which is intended for international students, is going to be held in my school this summer vacation. Since you go in for Chinese culture, I'd like to invite you to join it.
The camp is scheduled from August 18 to August 28. It covers a wide variety of cultural activities, ranging from studying Chinese table manners to attending some lectures on the culture of Chinese body language. In addition, the camp provides a chance for you to visit some famous museums.
If you want to be part of it, please sign up for it before June 2 at the website of my school.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(参考范文)
When I stood up in front, the whole class looked like they would if I put them on the other side of my camera.Everyone's eyes were fixed upon me.They seemed to be expecting a different me.My voice was still shaky, but I managed to overcome my fear little by little.Inspired by Dad and Mom, I knew what to say now.I told them one of my night dreams and how I learned taking pictures from Penelope, the princess living in the castle drawn by Mom.Actually, Penelope had never told me how to, but it worked.When I stopped talking, the class was in total silence.
Dad clapped his hands together loud and clear. Then shouted Mom.And then followed claps and shouts from everyone else.Some kids even started to ask me questions! They were curious about the cool glasses made out of old cameras and they wondered what effect it would be if I took a picture of them.With a flash of bright light, the camera included them all, including smiling Mom and Dad sitting in the back.I knew it was a good shot and of course a wonderful speech.
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