人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters单元仿真验收性评价（含解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters单元仿真验收性评价（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 102.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-07-10 23:40:57 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
UNIT 4 单元仿真验收性评价
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)班级：________ 姓名：________ 得分：________
第一部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Antarctic Desert The Antarctic is a continent (大陆) of ice.There is hardly any rain in the Antarctic, so the Antarctic Desert becomes the driest desert in the world.It is also the world's largest desert by area.
Sahara Desert The Sahara Desert is the hottest of all the deserts on the earth.It covers most parts of North Africa and is similar in size to the land area of the USA.The word “sahara” in Arabic means “desert”．
Arabian Desert The Arabian Desert is in Asia on the Arabian Peninsula.It covers almost the entire Arabian Peninsula.The sand here has a red orange color and the surface of the Arabian Desert is covered mainly by sand hills, some gravel plains(砾石平原) and rocky plains.
Mojave Desert The Mojave Desert is in the USA.It is the driest desert on the North American continent.Death Valley, one of the hottest areas in the world, is in the Mojave Desert.Mojave comes from the Spanish word for “beside the water”.
1．Which is the driest desert in the world
A．The Arabian Desert.
B．The Sahara Desert.
C．The Antarctic Desert.
D．The Mojave Desert.
2．What is the Sahara Desert
A．It is the hottest desert in the world.
B．It is the largest desert in the world.
C．It is the coldest desert in the world.
D．It is the driest desert on the North American continent.
3．What color is the sand in the Arabian Desert
A．Red. B．Orange.
C．Red yellow. D．Red orange.
B
When Simon Cane was in the second grade, he began learning about all the ways humans have an impact on the environment and really took those classroom lessons to heart in a way that set him apart from his schoolmates at his elementary school, P．S.81, in the Bronx. “He told me we drove too much and made too much pollution，” his dad, Jonathan Cane, told Runner's World. So Simon convinced his parents to start hanging their clothes to dry, taking the stairs instead of elevators, and other “green” measures.
“For much of kindergarten and first grade I rode my bike to Simon's school with him on the back，” Jonathan said. “We had a lot of fun being outdoors. We'd stop to give our dog treats and generally enjoyed it.” As Simon got bigger, though, it wasn't practical for him to ride on his father's back, but it also didn't make sense to ride together — both because of safety concerns and because there was no place to put away Simon's bike. So, most of the time they drove the 1.5 miles to school.
But in 2019, when Simon was going into third grade, the 8 year old came up with a new way to help the planet: running the 1.5 miles to P．S.81. And Jonathan promised his son he'd join him for as long as he wanted.
“We did a test run one day in August, and decided to give it a go. To be honest, I thought he'd blink (眨眼) after it got really cold or rainy, but he never did，” Jonathan said.He recalled one day when the weather was particularly bad. “It's really raining out there today，” he told Simon. “And Simon said, ‘Well then we're going to get wet！’ He took pride in toughing it out, and it became a really fun family routine.”
Since the start, Simon has run with his dad and their black dog, Lola, and has even inspired his mom, Nicole Sin Quee, to join in. They soon became known as “the family that runs to school”．
4．What makes Simon different from his classmates
A．Washing his clothes by himself.
B．Taking many classes after school.
C．Raising strange questions in class.
D．Taking green measures to protect the environment.
5．How did Simon usually go to school in second grade
A．By car. B．By cycling.
C．By running. D．By school bus.
6．What can be inferred from paragraph 4
A．Simon has trouble with his eyesight.
B．Simon is really stubborn and inflexible.
C．Simon is much tougher than expected.
D．Simon didn't get support from his father.
7．What can be the best title for the text
A．The Best Way to Go to School
B．Father and Son Run for the Environment
C．A Teenager Keeps Running to Inspire Father
D．Three Inspiring Running Athletes to Protect the Environment
C
Earthquake rescue robots have experienced their final tests in Beijing. Their designers say with these robots, rescuers will be able to buy more time to save lives during an earthquake.
This robot looking like a helicopter is called the detector bot. It's about 4 meters long, and it took about 4 years to develop the model. Its main functions are to collect information from the air, and send goods of up to 30 kilos to people trapped by an earthquake.
This robot has a high definition 360 degrees panoramic (全景) camera. It can work day and night and will also be able to send the latest pictures from the quake area.
Dr Qi Juntong, the academician of the Chinese Academy of Science, said, “The most important feature of this robot is that it doesn't need a distant control. We just set the destination information on it, and then it takes off, and lands by itself. It flies as high as 3,000 meters, and as fast as 100 kilometers per hour.”
This robot has a different function — it can change as the environment changes. Its main job is to search for any sign of life in places where human rescuers are unable to go.
As well as a detector (探测器) that finds victims and detects poisonous gas, a camera is placed in the 40 centimeters long robot, which can work in the dark.
Another use for the rescuers is the supply bot.With its 10 meter long pipe, people who are trapped in the ruins will be able to get supplies including oxygen and liquid.
Experts have said that the robots will enter production, and serve as part of the national earthquake rescue team as soon as next year.
8．According to the text, this robot________.
A．is carried by the helicopter
B．weighs about 30 kilos
C．hasn't been put into production so far
D．is a machine with a length of 10 meters
9．Dr Qi Juntong thinks this robot is different from the others mainly because ________.
A．it has more functions
B．it has a unique shape
C．it has more advanced cameras
D．it can work by itself once given the information
10．The underlined word “which” in paragraph 6 refers to______.
A．a detector B．a camera
C．a rescuer D．a supply
11．The text is mainly about________.
A．an introduction to the robot
B．what the robot looks like
C．how the robot is made
D．information about earthquakes
D
Wherever on the globe she may be, humanitarian Elizabeth Nyamayaro keeps close to her native Africa by carrying a yellow dress.“It reminds me of the bright，beautiful African sky I used to see in my small village，” she told People.Nyamayaro's life path wasn't always so high profile.Growing up，she assumed she'd spend her life contributing to her village, and farming in the fields like the other women around her.But a chance encounter with a United Nations worker that came amid a severe drought altered that path forever.
“I will never forget that day，” Nyamayaro said.“A child dies from hunger every five seconds，and I almost became one of those children.A severe drought had hit our village when I turned 8 years old and suddenly，my paradise changed overnight and there was nothing to eat or drink.I thought I was going to die.It felt like there was no way of getting out of this.But then this incredible thing happened.An African，who was a United Nations humanitarian，found me，and gave me a bowl of porridge that saved my life.” The chance encounter provided more than just lifesaving nourishment — it opened the door as to what could be possible for her, who immediately set her sights on working for the United Nations just like her savior.
“I thought I want to be like her, so that one day I can change the lives of others.I'm so grateful for that moment which was very devastating，because it gave my life so much meaning and purpose.The woman showed me what was possible.Sometimes one moment can really change your entire life.”
Just as the United Nations worker opened her eyes to opportunities previously unknown，Nyamayaro hopes girls from Africa can do the same for children growing up in villages just like her, as she knows her story is not unique.
12．Why is a yellow dress mentioned in paragraph 1
A．It stands for her bright future.
B．It highlights her personal preference.
C．It is related to the scenery of her hometown.
D．It is the lucky color of her hometown.
13．Why did Nyamayaro want to be a humanitarian
A．To get rid of the poverty as soon as possible.
B．To shoulder the responsibility of helping others.
C．To seek for chances to broaden her mind.
D．To set an example for the whole country.
14．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Fame is a great thirst of the young
B．Success means getting persons' desires satisfied
C．Ups and downs make one strong
D．Where there's a will, there's a way
15．Where is this text most likely from
A．A magazine. B．A novel.
C．A brochure. D．A guidebook.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every year, wildfires destroy millions of hectares of forest land.__16__ Smokejumpers help to stop this.
__17__ Smokejumpers are a special type of firefighters. They jump from planes or are lowered by helicopters into areas that are difficult to reach by car or on foot, such as the middle of a mountain forest.They race to put out fires as fast as they can.
At a fire site, smokejumpers first examine the land and decide how to fight the fire.Their main goal is to stop a fire from spreading.Using basic equipment such as shovels and axes, smokejumpers clear land of burnable material, like plants and other dry material.__18__
Although the majority of smokejumpers are men, more women are joining.__19__ For example, smokejumpers employed in the US must be 120 to 200 pounds (54 to 91 kilograms) so they don't get blown away by the strong winds or get hurt when they land.
Smokejumpers must also be capable of surviving in the wilderness. In Russia, many smokejumpers know how to find food in the forest and even make simple furniture from trees.__20__ But for these firefighters, smokejumping isn't just a job.They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest.As 28 year old Russian smokejumper Alexi Tishin says，“This is the best job for tough guys.”
A．What is a smokejumper
B．How do smokejumpers do it
C．More important are your height and weight.
D．It means the work is dangerous and takes a long time.
E．And homes are damaged, and thousands of people die.
F．They carry water with them, too, but only a limited amount.
G．Hot weather and fast moving winds often make these fires more dangerous.
第二部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Joel Boyers and his wife, Melody Among, were heading home in their helicopter (直升机) when he received a call for help from a stranger. The caller's brother and her __21__ were trapped on their roof in Waverly because of the rising floodwater.
The caller __22__ Joel Boyers to come to their aid. Boyers looked west towards Waverly at the storm clouds. Aware of the danger to __23__ in such bad weather, though, he __24__ put the brother's address into his __25__. Soon, he and Among were in the air, __26__ for what they were about to see in Waverly.
Upon arriving, he found the water below was __27__. People were holding on to anything that didn't move — roofs, trees. The flooding also __28__ cell phone service, meaning Boyers couldn't use his phone to locate the __29__ he was looking for. He flew on anyway.
As Boyers drove the helicopter, Among began __30__ people on roofs and bridges — anywhere Boyers could __31__ and get them onboard. A rescued man pointed to a teenager. The teenager held onto a branch with one hand and the other held a dog she'd saved earlier while both were __32__ in the current (水流). With no place for Boyers to land, he __33__ the helicopter until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line. The rescued man jumped out and swam to the tree, where he helped the teen and the dog to the __34__.
Though the experience was __35__， Boyers admitted it was fun.
21．A.neighbour B．wife
C．friend D．daughter
22．A.ordered B．attracted
C．begged D．challenged
23．A.pack B．fly
C．quit D．swim
24．A.immediately B．secretly
C．gradually D．creatively
25．A.card B．pocket
C．computer D．phone
26．A.unprepared B．intended
C．relieved D．recognized
27．A.peaceful B．rapid
C．familiar D．clean
28．A.revised B．delivered
C．damaged D．registered
29．A.house B．tree
C．car D．bridge
30．A.debating with B．adapting to
C．commenting on D．searching for
31．A.land B．rise
C．jump D．look
32．A.training B．exploring
C．experimenting D．struggling
33．A.reserved B．lowered
C．followed D．designed
34．A.home B．school
C．helicopter D．truck
35．A.plain B．awkward
C．adventurous D．formal
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One summer it started to rain here and didn't stop for 14 hours. When people saw their homes, businesses, roads, and bridges __36__ (destroy) over floods, they cried. Of course, many people __37__ (lose) their lives. After it was over, people walked through the mud (泥) left behind __38__ (find) as many things as they could. Some cried sadly over what they had lost. Others cried in joy when they found their loved ones alive.
When the water went down, though, a __39__ (surprise) thing happened. People immediately started to help each other. Some __40__ (willing) donated food, water, clothing, and cash to help those __41__ had lost everything. Others went out in the deep mud, __42__ (help) clean up the damage. Still others spent their days carrying some __43__ (supply) to the people who needed them.
__44__ is unbelievable how often the worst things in life bring out the best in us. The love, care, and compassion (同情) that I saw in those days have touched my soul. It has made me realize how good people really are. May we always come together in both good and bad times. May we always do all we can to fill our life __45__ love.
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是你校英语杂志特约记者，上周你校开展了“Loving Parcels”(爱心包裹)捐赠活动，给洪涝灾区的学生捐赠物品。请根据以下内容写一篇新闻报道。
1．全校师生捐赠物品；
2．填写爱心祝福卡片；
3．将包裹寄给灾区学生。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
In places like California, the Rocky Mountains, and the Southern United States, wildfires are an unavoidable reality.
Wildfires can cause damage to property and human life, but they have many beneficial effects on native vegetation (植被), animals, and ecosystems that have evolved with fires.The forests, including pine barrens, lodgepole pine forests and many more, require fires to reproduce because the trees in the forest are adapted to only produce seeds following a major fire event.Therefore, without them many of these forest types would decline.
A fire renews the watershed (集水区) in ways including, but not limited to, recycling of nutrients, increasing food sources for fish in streams，supplement to stream side vegetation，spread of fire adapted plants，etc.not to mention renewal of the soil chemistry which is vital to the forest and the watershed.The basis is that of someone who has studied wildfires and streams since the 1988 Yellowstone wildfires.The science backs up how natural wildfires can be favorable through research publication after publication.
It's like“resetting the clock”on the ecosystem，allowing the forest to function smoothly all over again for another 200 years.By the way, a stand burning fire such as the Yellowstone fires of 1988 also results in the landscape of younger forest mends which act to reduce the spread of future wildfires and can stop a major wildfire in its tracks.
The bottom line is that we may need today's natural wildfires to prevent more serious catastrophic fire events in the future.That lesson was learned in Yellowstone in 1988 which was a year of disastrous large scale fires after more than 50 years of fire suppression (压制)．
UNIT 4 单元仿真验收性评价
第一部分
语篇解读：本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上著名的沙漠。
1．选C 细节理解题。根据文章Antarctic Desert部分“There is hardly any rain in the Antarctic, so the Antarctic Desert becomes the driest desert in the world.”可知，南极沙漠是世界上最干的沙漠，故选C。
2．选A 细节理解题。根据文章Sahara Desert部分“The Sahara Desert is the hottest of all the deserts on the earth.”可知，撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最热的沙漠，故选A。
3．选D 细节理解题。根据文章Arabian Desert部分“The sand here has a red orange color”可知，阿拉伯沙漠的颜色是橘红色的，故选D。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位八岁的男孩Simon Cane为环保做出的实际行动——和爸爸一起跑步去上学。
4．选D 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句以及最后一句可知，当Simon Cane上二年级的时候，他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响，并把那些课堂上所学的内容铭记于心，并且采取“绿色”措施保护环境，这使得他与他的同学不同。
5．选A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“So, most of the time they drove the 1.5 miles to school.”可知，二年级时 Simon Cane主要是坐车去上学。
6．选C 推理判断题。根据第四段的“‘To be honest, I thought he'd blink (眨眼) after it got really cold or rainy, but he never did，’ Jonathan said.”可知，Simon Cane比预料的要坚强。
7．选B 标题归纳题。阅读全文，尤其是根据第一段第一句以及最后一段可知，本文主要讲述了八岁的男孩 Simon Cane很重视环保，并且为环保做出的实际行动——和爸爸一起跑步去上学，故B项最适合作本文标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新型机器人——地震救援机器人的功能和特点。目前它已经通过测试，最快明年才能投入生产。
8．选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段 “Experts have said that the robots will enter production，and serve as part of the national earthquake rescue team as soon as next year.”可知，这种机器人最快明年才能投入生产。
9．选D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “The most important feature of this robot is that it doesn't need a distant control. We just set the destination information on it, and then it takes off, and lands by itself.”可知，这种机器人最显著的特点是不需要用远程遥控，一旦给它输入信息，它就可以独立工作了。
10．选B 代词指代题。根据画线词前的“As well as a detector (探测器) that finds victims and detects poisonous gas, a camera is placed in the 40 centimeters long robot”可知，除了发现受害者和检测有毒气体外，这种40厘米长的机器人上还装有一架照相机，这架照相机可以在黑暗中拍摄和传送照片，此处为非限制性定语从句，which指代的就是先行词a camera。
11．选A 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Earthquake rescue robots have experienced their final tests in Beijing.”可知，本文介绍了一种新型机器人——地震救援机器人的功能和特点。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。8岁那年，一场严重的旱灾袭击了Nyamayaro的家乡，来自联合国的一位非洲的慈善工作人员救助了她，改变了她的人生轨迹。从此，Nyamayaro立志也要成为一名慈善家，去帮助更多需要帮助的人。
12．选C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It reminds me of the bright，beautiful African sky I used to see in my small village”可知，答案应选C。
13．选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句可知，她希望承担起自己的责任，帮助更多的人。因此选B。
14．选D 标题归纳题。综合文章叙述可知，本文讲述了Elizabeth Nyamayaro立志成为一名慈善家，她从自身的经历推己及人，去帮助更多的人，最终也获得了成功，因此选D。
15．选A 推理判断题。文章介绍了个人的成长经历，因此最有可能出自杂志，因此选A。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了空降森林灭火员(smokejumpers)这一特殊的人群。
16．选E 后文“Smokejumpers help to stop this.”中的“this”指的就是火灾造成的损失和伤害，所以E项“同时，家园被毁，成千上万的人失去生命”与前文数百万公顷的森林被烧毁是并列关系，都是火灾造成的损失。故选E。
17．选A 这一段解释了什么是smokejumper。空格处与下一句“Smokejumpers are a special type of firefighters.”构成了自问自答的关系。故选A。
18．选F 前文谈到了smokejumpers在工作期间需要携带的东西，因此设空处进一步阐述他们也会携带水，too是关键词。故选F。
19．选C 从后文的例子可知，此处说到了这一职业对于体重的要求，所以选择C项。
20．选D 由前文可知，smokejumpers必须有野外生存的能力，知道怎样在森林中找到食物，知道怎样用树木制造简单的家具。所以D项“这意味着这项工作是危险的，需要花很长的时间”承接上文。
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了夫妻二人援救被洪水围困的人们，体现了洪水无情人有情的精神。
21．选D 根据上文“The caller's brother and her”和下文“The teenager”可知，打电话的人是女的，她打电话说她的家人被困，“女儿”符合语境。
22．选C 根据上文“trapped on their roof in Waverly because of the rising floodwater”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此打电话的人是恳求Joel Boyers来营救他们。order“命令”；attract“吸引”；beg“恳求”；challenge“挑战”。
23．选B 根据上文“heading home in their helicopter (直升机)”可知，他们乘坐直升机回家，因此在如此恶劣条件下飞行是很危险的。故选B。
24．选A 根据上文“Boyers looked west towards Waverly at the storm clouds.”可知，当时乌云密布，情况紧急，因此他立即将求救者弟弟的地址输入手机。immediately“立即地”；secretly“秘密地”； gradually“逐渐地”；creatively“创造性地”。
25．选D 根据下文“Boyers couldn't use his phone to locate ”可知，Boyers不能使用他的手机去定位，由此可知他将求救者弟弟的地址输入手机。故选D。
26．选A 根据上文“Soon, he and Among were in the air”可知，他们很匆忙，还没有准备好会在韦弗利将会看到什么。unprepared“没有准备好的”； intended“计划的”；relieved“放心的”；recognized“公认的”。
27．选B 根据下文“People were holding on to anything that didn't move — roofs, trees.”可知，人们紧紧地抓住不能移动的任何东西，由此可知水流很急。peaceful“和平的”；rapid“迅速的”；familiar“熟悉的”；clean“干净的”。
28．选C 根据下文“meaning Boyers couldn't use his phone to locate the”可知，Boyers不能定位到他寻找的房子，因此洪水也破坏了手机服务。revise“复习，修正”；deliver“运送”；damage“破坏”；register“注册”。
29．选A 根据上文“were trapped on their roof”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此Boyers寻找他们所在的房子。故选A。
30．选D 根据上文“were trapped on their roof”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此Boyers和Among在搜寻他们。debate with“争论”；adapt to“适应”；comment on“评论”；search for“搜寻”。
31．选A 根据下文“get them onboard”可知，要让求救者上来，他必须找到着陆(land)的地方。故选A。
32．选D 根据上文“The teenager held onto a branch with one hand and the other held a dog she'd saved earlier”可知，女孩和狗被困在洪水中，正在水里挣扎。train“训练”；explore“探索”；experiment“实验”；struggle“挣扎”。
33．选B 根据下文“until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line”可知，由于找不到着陆的地方，他就降低直升机到水面线上。reserve“预订，储备”；lower“降低”；follow“紧跟”；design“设计”。
34．选C 根据上文“the helicopter until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line”可知，他们是被直升机救了。故选C。
35．选C 根据上文“Aware of the danger to”可知，这是一次危险的救人经历。 plain“朴素的”； awkward“尴尬的”；adventurous“冒险的”；formal“正式的”。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述作者在一次洪灾中的所见所闻所感告诉我们：灾难无情，但人间有爱。
36．destroyed 考查非谓语动词。此处是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，动词“destroy”与“their homes, businesses, roads, and bridges”构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。
37．lost 考查动词的时态。文章的主体时态是一般过去时。此处陈述过去发生的事情，表示“许多人丧生”，所以填lost。
38．to find 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式，所以填 to find。
39．surprising 考查形容词。修饰物时常用surprising，意为“令人吃惊的”；修饰人时常用surprised，意为“吃惊的”。此处修饰thing，应用surprising。
40．willingly 考查副词。此处修饰的是动词donated，应用副词，因此填willingly。
41．who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为those (此处指人)，定语从句中缺少主语，所以用who。
42．helping 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处作伴随状语，且Others与help之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以填helping。
43．supplies 考查名词复数。supply 意为“日用(必需)品”时，常用复数形式。
44．It 考查代词。此处It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语从句。
45．with 考查介词。fill ...with ...意为“用……充满……”，是固定搭配。
第三部分
第一节 参考范文：
Loving Parcels
In order to help the students in the flood area, our school held a “Loving Parcels” donation activity last week.
All of the teachers and students took an active part in the activity.They donated their clothes, books, and schoolbags, all of which were badly needed.In addition, they also wrote down the best wishes on cards to those students, which would be collected and delivered to the schools that were affected by the flood.
Not only did the activity help us express our care for the students and send our sincere wishes to them, but it also taught us that we should value what we have.
第二节 参考范文：
Despite the damage to human property and life, unavoidable wildfires bring various benefits.(要点1) Firstly, they contribute to the diversity of forest types.(要点2)Secondly, the watershed gets refreshed after a fire in many aspects.(要点3)Meanwhile, smooth function of the ecosystem benefits from wildfires by means of decreasing and stopping future wildfires.(要点4)To avoid catastrophic fires, natural wildfires are necessary because strict control over wildfires may work destructively.(要点5)
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)班级：________ 姓名：________ 得分：________
第一部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Antarctic Desert The Antarctic is a continent (大陆) of ice.There is hardly any rain in the Antarctic, so the Antarctic Desert becomes the driest desert in the world.It is also the world's largest desert by area.
Sahara Desert The Sahara Desert is the hottest of all the deserts on the earth.It covers most parts of North Africa and is similar in size to the land area of the USA.The word “sahara” in Arabic means “desert”．
Arabian Desert The Arabian Desert is in Asia on the Arabian Peninsula.It covers almost the entire Arabian Peninsula.The sand here has a red orange color and the surface of the Arabian Desert is covered mainly by sand hills, some gravel plains(砾石平原) and rocky plains.
Mojave Desert The Mojave Desert is in the USA.It is the driest desert on the North American continent.Death Valley, one of the hottest areas in the world, is in the Mojave Desert.Mojave comes from the Spanish word for “beside the water”.
1．Which is the driest desert in the world
A．The Arabian Desert.
B．The Sahara Desert.
C．The Antarctic Desert.
D．The Mojave Desert.
2．What is the Sahara Desert
A．It is the hottest desert in the world.
B．It is the largest desert in the world.
C．It is the coldest desert in the world.
D．It is the driest desert on the North American continent.
3．What color is the sand in the Arabian Desert
A．Red. B．Orange.
C．Red yellow. D．Red orange.
B
When Simon Cane was in the second grade, he began learning about all the ways humans have an impact on the environment and really took those classroom lessons to heart in a way that set him apart from his schoolmates at his elementary school, P．S.81, in the Bronx. “He told me we drove too much and made too much pollution，” his dad, Jonathan Cane, told Runner's World. So Simon convinced his parents to start hanging their clothes to dry, taking the stairs instead of elevators, and other “green” measures.
“For much of kindergarten and first grade I rode my bike to Simon's school with him on the back，” Jonathan said. “We had a lot of fun being outdoors. We'd stop to give our dog treats and generally enjoyed it.” As Simon got bigger, though, it wasn't practical for him to ride on his father's back, but it also didn't make sense to ride together — both because of safety concerns and because there was no place to put away Simon's bike. So, most of the time they drove the 1.5 miles to school.
But in 2019, when Simon was going into third grade, the 8 year old came up with a new way to help the planet: running the 1.5 miles to P．S.81. And Jonathan promised his son he'd join him for as long as he wanted.
“We did a test run one day in August, and decided to give it a go. To be honest, I thought he'd blink (眨眼) after it got really cold or rainy, but he never did，” Jonathan said.He recalled one day when the weather was particularly bad. “It's really raining out there today，” he told Simon. “And Simon said, ‘Well then we're going to get wet！’ He took pride in toughing it out, and it became a really fun family routine.”
Since the start, Simon has run with his dad and their black dog, Lola, and has even inspired his mom, Nicole Sin Quee, to join in. They soon became known as “the family that runs to school”．
4．What makes Simon different from his classmates
A．Washing his clothes by himself.
B．Taking many classes after school.
C．Raising strange questions in class.
D．Taking green measures to protect the environment.
5．How did Simon usually go to school in second grade
A．By car. B．By cycling.
C．By running. D．By school bus.
6．What can be inferred from paragraph 4
A．Simon has trouble with his eyesight.
B．Simon is really stubborn and inflexible.
C．Simon is much tougher than expected.
D．Simon didn't get support from his father.
7．What can be the best title for the text
A．The Best Way to Go to School
B．Father and Son Run for the Environment
C．A Teenager Keeps Running to Inspire Father
D．Three Inspiring Running Athletes to Protect the Environment
C
Earthquake rescue robots have experienced their final tests in Beijing. Their designers say with these robots, rescuers will be able to buy more time to save lives during an earthquake.
This robot looking like a helicopter is called the detector bot. It's about 4 meters long, and it took about 4 years to develop the model. Its main functions are to collect information from the air, and send goods of up to 30 kilos to people trapped by an earthquake.
This robot has a high definition 360 degrees panoramic (全景) camera. It can work day and night and will also be able to send the latest pictures from the quake area.
Dr Qi Juntong, the academician of the Chinese Academy of Science, said, “The most important feature of this robot is that it doesn't need a distant control. We just set the destination information on it, and then it takes off, and lands by itself. It flies as high as 3,000 meters, and as fast as 100 kilometers per hour.”
This robot has a different function — it can change as the environment changes. Its main job is to search for any sign of life in places where human rescuers are unable to go.
As well as a detector (探测器) that finds victims and detects poisonous gas, a camera is placed in the 40 centimeters long robot, which can work in the dark.
Another use for the rescuers is the supply bot.With its 10 meter long pipe, people who are trapped in the ruins will be able to get supplies including oxygen and liquid.
Experts have said that the robots will enter production, and serve as part of the national earthquake rescue team as soon as next year.
8．According to the text, this robot________.
A．is carried by the helicopter
B．weighs about 30 kilos
C．hasn't been put into production so far
D．is a machine with a length of 10 meters
9．Dr Qi Juntong thinks this robot is different from the others mainly because ________.
A．it has more functions
B．it has a unique shape
C．it has more advanced cameras
D．it can work by itself once given the information
10．The underlined word “which” in paragraph 6 refers to______.
A．a detector B．a camera
C．a rescuer D．a supply
11．The text is mainly about________.
A．an introduction to the robot
B．what the robot looks like
C．how the robot is made
D．information about earthquakes
D
Wherever on the globe she may be, humanitarian Elizabeth Nyamayaro keeps close to her native Africa by carrying a yellow dress.“It reminds me of the bright，beautiful African sky I used to see in my small village，” she told People.Nyamayaro's life path wasn't always so high profile.Growing up，she assumed she'd spend her life contributing to her village, and farming in the fields like the other women around her.But a chance encounter with a United Nations worker that came amid a severe drought altered that path forever.
“I will never forget that day，” Nyamayaro said.“A child dies from hunger every five seconds，and I almost became one of those children.A severe drought had hit our village when I turned 8 years old and suddenly，my paradise changed overnight and there was nothing to eat or drink.I thought I was going to die.It felt like there was no way of getting out of this.But then this incredible thing happened.An African，who was a United Nations humanitarian，found me，and gave me a bowl of porridge that saved my life.” The chance encounter provided more than just lifesaving nourishment — it opened the door as to what could be possible for her, who immediately set her sights on working for the United Nations just like her savior.
“I thought I want to be like her, so that one day I can change the lives of others.I'm so grateful for that moment which was very devastating，because it gave my life so much meaning and purpose.The woman showed me what was possible.Sometimes one moment can really change your entire life.”
Just as the United Nations worker opened her eyes to opportunities previously unknown，Nyamayaro hopes girls from Africa can do the same for children growing up in villages just like her, as she knows her story is not unique.
12．Why is a yellow dress mentioned in paragraph 1
A．It stands for her bright future.
B．It highlights her personal preference.
C．It is related to the scenery of her hometown.
D．It is the lucky color of her hometown.
13．Why did Nyamayaro want to be a humanitarian
A．To get rid of the poverty as soon as possible.
B．To shoulder the responsibility of helping others.
C．To seek for chances to broaden her mind.
D．To set an example for the whole country.
14．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Fame is a great thirst of the young
B．Success means getting persons' desires satisfied
C．Ups and downs make one strong
D．Where there's a will, there's a way
15．Where is this text most likely from
A．A magazine. B．A novel.
C．A brochure. D．A guidebook.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every year, wildfires destroy millions of hectares of forest land.__16__ Smokejumpers help to stop this.
__17__ Smokejumpers are a special type of firefighters. They jump from planes or are lowered by helicopters into areas that are difficult to reach by car or on foot, such as the middle of a mountain forest.They race to put out fires as fast as they can.
At a fire site, smokejumpers first examine the land and decide how to fight the fire.Their main goal is to stop a fire from spreading.Using basic equipment such as shovels and axes, smokejumpers clear land of burnable material, like plants and other dry material.__18__
Although the majority of smokejumpers are men, more women are joining.__19__ For example, smokejumpers employed in the US must be 120 to 200 pounds (54 to 91 kilograms) so they don't get blown away by the strong winds or get hurt when they land.
Smokejumpers must also be capable of surviving in the wilderness. In Russia, many smokejumpers know how to find food in the forest and even make simple furniture from trees.__20__ But for these firefighters, smokejumping isn't just a job.They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest.As 28 year old Russian smokejumper Alexi Tishin says，“This is the best job for tough guys.”
A．What is a smokejumper
B．How do smokejumpers do it
C．More important are your height and weight.
D．It means the work is dangerous and takes a long time.
E．And homes are damaged, and thousands of people die.
F．They carry water with them, too, but only a limited amount.
G．Hot weather and fast moving winds often make these fires more dangerous.
第二部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Joel Boyers and his wife, Melody Among, were heading home in their helicopter (直升机) when he received a call for help from a stranger. The caller's brother and her __21__ were trapped on their roof in Waverly because of the rising floodwater.
The caller __22__ Joel Boyers to come to their aid. Boyers looked west towards Waverly at the storm clouds. Aware of the danger to __23__ in such bad weather, though, he __24__ put the brother's address into his __25__. Soon, he and Among were in the air, __26__ for what they were about to see in Waverly.
Upon arriving, he found the water below was __27__. People were holding on to anything that didn't move — roofs, trees. The flooding also __28__ cell phone service, meaning Boyers couldn't use his phone to locate the __29__ he was looking for. He flew on anyway.
As Boyers drove the helicopter, Among began __30__ people on roofs and bridges — anywhere Boyers could __31__ and get them onboard. A rescued man pointed to a teenager. The teenager held onto a branch with one hand and the other held a dog she'd saved earlier while both were __32__ in the current (水流). With no place for Boyers to land, he __33__ the helicopter until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line. The rescued man jumped out and swam to the tree, where he helped the teen and the dog to the __34__.
Though the experience was __35__， Boyers admitted it was fun.
21．A.neighbour B．wife
C．friend D．daughter
22．A.ordered B．attracted
C．begged D．challenged
23．A.pack B．fly
C．quit D．swim
24．A.immediately B．secretly
C．gradually D．creatively
25．A.card B．pocket
C．computer D．phone
26．A.unprepared B．intended
C．relieved D．recognized
27．A.peaceful B．rapid
C．familiar D．clean
28．A.revised B．delivered
C．damaged D．registered
29．A.house B．tree
C．car D．bridge
30．A.debating with B．adapting to
C．commenting on D．searching for
31．A.land B．rise
C．jump D．look
32．A.training B．exploring
C．experimenting D．struggling
33．A.reserved B．lowered
C．followed D．designed
34．A.home B．school
C．helicopter D．truck
35．A.plain B．awkward
C．adventurous D．formal
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One summer it started to rain here and didn't stop for 14 hours. When people saw their homes, businesses, roads, and bridges __36__ (destroy) over floods, they cried. Of course, many people __37__ (lose) their lives. After it was over, people walked through the mud (泥) left behind __38__ (find) as many things as they could. Some cried sadly over what they had lost. Others cried in joy when they found their loved ones alive.
When the water went down, though, a __39__ (surprise) thing happened. People immediately started to help each other. Some __40__ (willing) donated food, water, clothing, and cash to help those __41__ had lost everything. Others went out in the deep mud, __42__ (help) clean up the damage. Still others spent their days carrying some __43__ (supply) to the people who needed them.
__44__ is unbelievable how often the worst things in life bring out the best in us. The love, care, and compassion (同情) that I saw in those days have touched my soul. It has made me realize how good people really are. May we always come together in both good and bad times. May we always do all we can to fill our life __45__ love.
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是你校英语杂志特约记者，上周你校开展了“Loving Parcels”(爱心包裹)捐赠活动，给洪涝灾区的学生捐赠物品。请根据以下内容写一篇新闻报道。
1．全校师生捐赠物品；
2．填写爱心祝福卡片；
3．将包裹寄给灾区学生。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
In places like California, the Rocky Mountains, and the Southern United States, wildfires are an unavoidable reality.
Wildfires can cause damage to property and human life, but they have many beneficial effects on native vegetation (植被), animals, and ecosystems that have evolved with fires.The forests, including pine barrens, lodgepole pine forests and many more, require fires to reproduce because the trees in the forest are adapted to only produce seeds following a major fire event.Therefore, without them many of these forest types would decline.
A fire renews the watershed (集水区) in ways including, but not limited to, recycling of nutrients, increasing food sources for fish in streams，supplement to stream side vegetation，spread of fire adapted plants，etc.not to mention renewal of the soil chemistry which is vital to the forest and the watershed.The basis is that of someone who has studied wildfires and streams since the 1988 Yellowstone wildfires.The science backs up how natural wildfires can be favorable through research publication after publication.
It's like“resetting the clock”on the ecosystem，allowing the forest to function smoothly all over again for another 200 years.By the way, a stand burning fire such as the Yellowstone fires of 1988 also results in the landscape of younger forest mends which act to reduce the spread of future wildfires and can stop a major wildfire in its tracks.
The bottom line is that we may need today's natural wildfires to prevent more serious catastrophic fire events in the future.That lesson was learned in Yellowstone in 1988 which was a year of disastrous large scale fires after more than 50 years of fire suppression (压制)．
UNIT 4 单元仿真验收性评价
第一部分
语篇解读：本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上著名的沙漠。
1．选C 细节理解题。根据文章Antarctic Desert部分“There is hardly any rain in the Antarctic, so the Antarctic Desert becomes the driest desert in the world.”可知，南极沙漠是世界上最干的沙漠，故选C。
2．选A 细节理解题。根据文章Sahara Desert部分“The Sahara Desert is the hottest of all the deserts on the earth.”可知，撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最热的沙漠，故选A。
3．选D 细节理解题。根据文章Arabian Desert部分“The sand here has a red orange color”可知，阿拉伯沙漠的颜色是橘红色的，故选D。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位八岁的男孩Simon Cane为环保做出的实际行动——和爸爸一起跑步去上学。
4．选D 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句以及最后一句可知，当Simon Cane上二年级的时候，他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响，并把那些课堂上所学的内容铭记于心，并且采取“绿色”措施保护环境，这使得他与他的同学不同。
5．选A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“So, most of the time they drove the 1.5 miles to school.”可知，二年级时 Simon Cane主要是坐车去上学。
6．选C 推理判断题。根据第四段的“‘To be honest, I thought he'd blink (眨眼) after it got really cold or rainy, but he never did，’ Jonathan said.”可知，Simon Cane比预料的要坚强。
7．选B 标题归纳题。阅读全文，尤其是根据第一段第一句以及最后一段可知，本文主要讲述了八岁的男孩 Simon Cane很重视环保，并且为环保做出的实际行动——和爸爸一起跑步去上学，故B项最适合作本文标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新型机器人——地震救援机器人的功能和特点。目前它已经通过测试，最快明年才能投入生产。
8．选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段 “Experts have said that the robots will enter production，and serve as part of the national earthquake rescue team as soon as next year.”可知，这种机器人最快明年才能投入生产。
9．选D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “The most important feature of this robot is that it doesn't need a distant control. We just set the destination information on it, and then it takes off, and lands by itself.”可知，这种机器人最显著的特点是不需要用远程遥控，一旦给它输入信息，它就可以独立工作了。
10．选B 代词指代题。根据画线词前的“As well as a detector (探测器) that finds victims and detects poisonous gas, a camera is placed in the 40 centimeters long robot”可知，除了发现受害者和检测有毒气体外，这种40厘米长的机器人上还装有一架照相机，这架照相机可以在黑暗中拍摄和传送照片，此处为非限制性定语从句，which指代的就是先行词a camera。
11．选A 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Earthquake rescue robots have experienced their final tests in Beijing.”可知，本文介绍了一种新型机器人——地震救援机器人的功能和特点。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。8岁那年，一场严重的旱灾袭击了Nyamayaro的家乡，来自联合国的一位非洲的慈善工作人员救助了她，改变了她的人生轨迹。从此，Nyamayaro立志也要成为一名慈善家，去帮助更多需要帮助的人。
12．选C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It reminds me of the bright，beautiful African sky I used to see in my small village”可知，答案应选C。
13．选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句可知，她希望承担起自己的责任，帮助更多的人。因此选B。
14．选D 标题归纳题。综合文章叙述可知，本文讲述了Elizabeth Nyamayaro立志成为一名慈善家，她从自身的经历推己及人，去帮助更多的人，最终也获得了成功，因此选D。
15．选A 推理判断题。文章介绍了个人的成长经历，因此最有可能出自杂志，因此选A。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了空降森林灭火员(smokejumpers)这一特殊的人群。
16．选E 后文“Smokejumpers help to stop this.”中的“this”指的就是火灾造成的损失和伤害，所以E项“同时，家园被毁，成千上万的人失去生命”与前文数百万公顷的森林被烧毁是并列关系，都是火灾造成的损失。故选E。
17．选A 这一段解释了什么是smokejumper。空格处与下一句“Smokejumpers are a special type of firefighters.”构成了自问自答的关系。故选A。
18．选F 前文谈到了smokejumpers在工作期间需要携带的东西，因此设空处进一步阐述他们也会携带水，too是关键词。故选F。
19．选C 从后文的例子可知，此处说到了这一职业对于体重的要求，所以选择C项。
20．选D 由前文可知，smokejumpers必须有野外生存的能力，知道怎样在森林中找到食物，知道怎样用树木制造简单的家具。所以D项“这意味着这项工作是危险的，需要花很长的时间”承接上文。
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了夫妻二人援救被洪水围困的人们，体现了洪水无情人有情的精神。
21．选D 根据上文“The caller's brother and her”和下文“The teenager”可知，打电话的人是女的，她打电话说她的家人被困，“女儿”符合语境。
22．选C 根据上文“trapped on their roof in Waverly because of the rising floodwater”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此打电话的人是恳求Joel Boyers来营救他们。order“命令”；attract“吸引”；beg“恳求”；challenge“挑战”。
23．选B 根据上文“heading home in their helicopter (直升机)”可知，他们乘坐直升机回家，因此在如此恶劣条件下飞行是很危险的。故选B。
24．选A 根据上文“Boyers looked west towards Waverly at the storm clouds.”可知，当时乌云密布，情况紧急，因此他立即将求救者弟弟的地址输入手机。immediately“立即地”；secretly“秘密地”； gradually“逐渐地”；creatively“创造性地”。
25．选D 根据下文“Boyers couldn't use his phone to locate ”可知，Boyers不能使用他的手机去定位，由此可知他将求救者弟弟的地址输入手机。故选D。
26．选A 根据上文“Soon, he and Among were in the air”可知，他们很匆忙，还没有准备好会在韦弗利将会看到什么。unprepared“没有准备好的”； intended“计划的”；relieved“放心的”；recognized“公认的”。
27．选B 根据下文“People were holding on to anything that didn't move — roofs, trees.”可知，人们紧紧地抓住不能移动的任何东西，由此可知水流很急。peaceful“和平的”；rapid“迅速的”；familiar“熟悉的”；clean“干净的”。
28．选C 根据下文“meaning Boyers couldn't use his phone to locate the”可知，Boyers不能定位到他寻找的房子，因此洪水也破坏了手机服务。revise“复习，修正”；deliver“运送”；damage“破坏”；register“注册”。
29．选A 根据上文“were trapped on their roof”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此Boyers寻找他们所在的房子。故选A。
30．选D 根据上文“were trapped on their roof”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此Boyers和Among在搜寻他们。debate with“争论”；adapt to“适应”；comment on“评论”；search for“搜寻”。
31．选A 根据下文“get them onboard”可知，要让求救者上来，他必须找到着陆(land)的地方。故选A。
32．选D 根据上文“The teenager held onto a branch with one hand and the other held a dog she'd saved earlier”可知，女孩和狗被困在洪水中，正在水里挣扎。train“训练”；explore“探索”；experiment“实验”；struggle“挣扎”。
33．选B 根据下文“until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line”可知，由于找不到着陆的地方，他就降低直升机到水面线上。reserve“预订，储备”；lower“降低”；follow“紧跟”；design“设计”。
34．选C 根据上文“the helicopter until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line”可知，他们是被直升机救了。故选C。
35．选C 根据上文“Aware of the danger to”可知，这是一次危险的救人经历。 plain“朴素的”； awkward“尴尬的”；adventurous“冒险的”；formal“正式的”。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述作者在一次洪灾中的所见所闻所感告诉我们：灾难无情，但人间有爱。
36．destroyed 考查非谓语动词。此处是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，动词“destroy”与“their homes, businesses, roads, and bridges”构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。
37．lost 考查动词的时态。文章的主体时态是一般过去时。此处陈述过去发生的事情，表示“许多人丧生”，所以填lost。
38．to find 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式，所以填 to find。
39．surprising 考查形容词。修饰物时常用surprising，意为“令人吃惊的”；修饰人时常用surprised，意为“吃惊的”。此处修饰thing，应用surprising。
40．willingly 考查副词。此处修饰的是动词donated，应用副词，因此填willingly。
41．who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为those (此处指人)，定语从句中缺少主语，所以用who。
42．helping 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处作伴随状语，且Others与help之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以填helping。
43．supplies 考查名词复数。supply 意为“日用(必需)品”时，常用复数形式。
44．It 考查代词。此处It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语从句。
45．with 考查介词。fill ...with ...意为“用……充满……”，是固定搭配。
第三部分
第一节 参考范文：
Loving Parcels
In order to help the students in the flood area, our school held a “Loving Parcels” donation activity last week.
All of the teachers and students took an active part in the activity.They donated their clothes, books, and schoolbags, all of which were badly needed.In addition, they also wrote down the best wishes on cards to those students, which would be collected and delivered to the schools that were affected by the flood.
Not only did the activity help us express our care for the students and send our sincere wishes to them, but it also taught us that we should value what we have.
第二节 参考范文：
Despite the damage to human property and life, unavoidable wildfires bring various benefits.(要点1) Firstly, they contribute to the diversity of forest types.(要点2)Secondly, the watershed gets refreshed after a fire in many aspects.(要点3)Meanwhile, smooth function of the ecosystem benefits from wildfires by means of decreasing and stopping future wildfires.(要点4)To avoid catastrophic fires, natural wildfires are necessary because strict control over wildfires may work destructively.(要点5)