Section Ⅰ “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
What's the main idea of the text
A．Darwin's interest in various living things made him a great naturalist.
B．Darwin's journey on the Beagle inspired his theory of evolution.
C．Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evolved over time.
D．Darwin's unlucky journey confirmed his theory that humans had evolved over time.
文意深度理解
(一)阅读理解
1．What do we know about Charles Darwin from the first paragraph
A．His father was disappointed with him.
B．He wasn't interested in his lessons at college.
C．He knew the captain of the Beagle very well.
D．He wanted to travel around the world by ship.
2．What was Charles Darwin interested in
A. Travelling around the world.
B．Communicating with others.
C．Doing research on resources.
D．Researching on living things on Earth.
[Tip]
防干扰之曲解文意
命题者在设置干扰项时常使用与正确选项高度相似的表述， 只是在不起眼的地方略微改动某个词或表达方法，造成干扰项与正确选项之间发生细微的变化。如第2题C选项，答题时要仔细对照文中信息句，谨慎识别干扰项陷阱。
3．Why did Darwin's book On the Origin of Species cause a storm
A．Because Darwin's father considered it a failure.
B．Because the book referred to something about humans.
C．Because people used to believe that all species had happened on Earth at the same time.
D．Because Darwin's theory was short of evidence.
4．According to Darwin, how did new species of plants and animals come to exist
A．They suddenly appeared on Earth at the same time.
B．They evolved from earlier ancestors.
C．New species would appear when old species died out.
D．All the animals evolved from the finches.
5．What kind of person was Darwin according to the text
A．Humorous and clever.
B．Intelligent and helpful.
C．Ambitious and persistent.
D．Knowledgeable and generous.
(二)阅读表达
1．What role did the ship Beagle play in Darwin's journey of discovery
2．What have you learned from Darwin's journey of discovery How can this spirit help you in your future life and studies
①
②
内化读文技法
抓标志词，明双线
本文是一篇记叙文。文章采用了“时空连线”法展开叙述，以时间的推移与空间的转换相结合的方式安排情节。读文时应通过扫读及抓时间、空间标志词的方法，绘出时间轴和空间图。本文中体现时间线的标志词为“1831→1835→1859→Today”，体现空间线的标志词为“ the Beagle”及“the Galápagos Islands”等。根据这些标志词可以清晰地梳理出达尔文的发现之旅以及他基于此次旅行写成的《物种起源》一书所带来的深远影响。
(一)赏用词之妙
1．The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”．
赏析：本句中的profit常见意思为名词“利润”，此处活用为动词“获益”，这种用法为此处的文字叙述增添了动态之美；distant和little known写出了这次探险的目的地是一个人迹罕至的地方，为后文达尔文的一系列发现埋下了伏笔。
2．After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.
赏析：本句中的was crowded with写出了达尔文所住的船舱内堆满了动植物样本的情形，体现了他对研究动植物的热爱。
3．It was just an idea, but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence.
赏析：本句先用just指出这仅仅是一个设想，接着用转折连词but与enough to ...搭配，强调这也足够鼓舞达尔文去寻求更多证据。刻画了达尔文对科学研究的热爱与执着。
4．Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before.
赏析：本句中的suspected一词表明了达尔文在探索现实世界中的新事物时敢于质疑的科学精神和严谨态度。
①The street ________________ people, all in full dress.大街上挤满了人，个个都身着盛装。
②At the foot of the mountain lie many rivers.Some are ____________________________ several towns.在山脚下有许多河流。一些大到可以容纳几个城镇。
(二)赏衔接之顺
What's more, he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”．Despite all this, his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.
赏析：此处先是使用了表示递进的衔接词What's more，承接上文，接着说明当时达尔文为研究动植物而做出的牺牲，以及家人对他的反对，接着运用Despite all this，语意一转介绍了他取得的巨大成就，上下文中的a disgrace与the most important scientific discoveries形成了鲜明对比。
But you have to wait for hours before the plane takes off.________________________________________________________________________
但是飞机起飞前你得等几个小时。而且，飞机经常晚点，还总是很拥挤。
大自然是人类生存的基础，自然界中各种各样的地貌景观、生物的多样性、气候现象、自然灾害等，蕴含着无穷的奥秘和无限的力量。观察自然、认知自然有利于人类更好地开发自然、保护自然。通过观察和体验自然，可以加深人类对自然环境的认识和理解，可以增强对自然的尊重和保护意识，促进对生物多样性的保护和可持续发展。
Scientists have discovered how plants manage to live alongside each other in places that are dark and shady.Plants in the deep darkness of a thick forest, where natural supplies are not very great in amount, won't attempt to top their neighbors in growth as those in moderate (中度的) shade do. In deep shade conditions, it would be a waste of energy and harmful to survival because green shoots would never be able to top their larger neighbors in growth.
So how do plants prevent such growth in deep shade conditions The arcanum (奥秘) lies in the clocks inside them, say scientists from the John Innes Centre and the University of Bristol.
this changes the expression of genes in certain parts of the circadian clock (昼夜节律时钟) — the internal daily timer found in plants and other living things.These clock components perform an additional role in preventing plants from lengthening and over topping neighbors.
The work identifies a previously unknown role of the circadian clock in controlling plant development, and the findings may have possible effects on both natural plant populations and crops.Professor Antony Dodd of the John Innes Centre said, “The biological clock of plants plays a big part in their development and fitness.This work casts new light on a new role of the circadian clock in adapting plants to competition with other plants in their environments.” “It also gives us new insights into how plants adapt to very deep shade, where resources are very limited，” said Professor Kerry Franklin at the University of Bristol.
This work provides evidence for the stability of the circadian clock in stressful environments, and information that may be useful in developing new generations of crops in a challenging climate.
滴水穿石
1．由文积词汇
attempt v． 尝试；试图
top v. [熟词生义]覆盖，超过
component n. 组成部分；部件
identify vt. 识别；确认；发现
cast light on 使人了解……
insight n. 领悟，洞悉
stability n. 稳定(性)
stressful adj. 压力大的
2．据文悟句式
句① 本句的主干部分是Plants won't attempt to top their neighbors in growth, where引导定语从句； as those in moderate (中度的) shade do为as引导的方式状语从句。
句② that引导宾语从句； when引导时间状语从句。
Section Ⅰ
NO.1 精阅读
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.①medical ②disgrace ③1831 ④samples ⑤evolved
⑥evolution ⑦1859 ⑧important
Ⅱ.B
文意深度理解
(一)1～5 ADCBC
(二)1.The journey on the Beagle gave Darwin the chance to study various living things in their natural environments.
2．①His way of exploration is very scientific, strict and realistic.
②In my future life and studies, I will be strict with everything and think twice before acting.Besides, I will never give up until my question is solved.
NO.2 美表达
(一)①is crowded with ②large enough to contain
(二)What's more, it's often delayed and always very crowded.(共62张PPT)
把握单元 素养目标
主题意识 本单元的主题是认识和探索自然。通过学习生物物种、生物进化、生物多样性、自然界植物语言奥秘等内容，了解物种起源和植物的生长规律，激发探索自然的兴趣，引发对自然的思考和敬畏，进而理解人与自然和谐相处的重要意义。同时，培养不断探究、不断创新的思维意识。
语法项目 发现并掌握过去完成时的构成及用法，并能在真实语境中灵活运用。
续表
语言输入 听 能够听懂与自然界生物多样性相关的话题，从中加深对所学词汇的认识。
读 能够读懂、理解与认识和探索自然相关的文章内容，掌握本单元有关动植物及生物进化的词汇及表达。
看 通过观看关于动物的特征及植物种子的不同传播途径的视频，了解相关知识，学会提炼视频主旨大意。
续表
语言 输出 写 掌握观察日记的写作要素，并根据所给文段内容仿写水仙花的生长日记。
说 能够就生物物种、生物进化、生物多样性、自然界植物语言奥秘等话题进行讨论，并能恰当使用所学词汇、句型描述与认识、探索、保护自然等相关的话题。
Section Ⅰ
“Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
NO 1
精阅读/提升阅读“理解力”
NO 2
美表达/强化写作“基本功”
NO 3
慧人生/以文化人“增才情”
NO 4
课时跟踪检测
目 录
No.1 精阅读/提升阅读“理解力”
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
文意整体把握
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
What's the main idea of the text
A．Darwin's interest in various living things made him a great naturalist.
B．Darwin's journey on the Beagle inspired his theory of evolution.
C．Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evolved over time.
D．Darwin's unlucky journey confirmed his theory that humans had evolved over time.
√
(一)阅读理解
1．What do we know about Charles Darwin from the first paragraph
A．His father was disappointed with him.
B．He wasn't interested in his lessons at college.
C．He knew the captain of the Beagle very well.
D．He wanted to travel around the world by ship.
文意深度理解
√
2．What was Charles Darwin interested in
A. Travelling around the world.
B．Communicating with others.
C．Doing research on resources.
D．Researching on living things on Earth.
√
[Tip]
防干扰之曲解文意
命题者在设置干扰项时常使用与正确选项高度相似的表述， 只是在不起眼的地方略微改动某个词或表达方法，造成干扰项与正确选项之间发生细微的变化。如第2题C选项，答题时要仔细对照文中信息句，谨慎识别干扰项陷阱。
3．Why did Darwin's book On the Origin of Species cause a storm
A．Because Darwin's father considered it a failure.
B．Because the book referred to something about humans.
C．Because people used to believe that all species had happened on Earth at the same time.
D．Because Darwin's theory was short of evidence.
√
4．According to Darwin，how did new species of plants and animals come to exist
A．They suddenly appeared on Earth at the same time.
B．They evolved from earlier ancestors.
C．New species would appear when old species died out.
D．All the animals evolved from the finches.
√
5．What kind of person was Darwin according to the text
A．Humorous and clever.
B．Intelligent and helpful.
C．Ambitious and persistent.
D．Knowledgeable and generous.
√
(二)阅读表达
1．What role did the ship Beagle play in Darwin's journey of discovery
The journey on the Beagle gave Darwin the chance to study various living things in their natural environments.
2．What have you learned from Darwin's journey of discovery How can this spirit help you in your future life and studies
His way of exploration is very scientific, strict and realistic.
In my future life and studies, I will be strict with everything and think twice before acting.Besides, I will never give up until my question is solved.
①
②
抓标志词，明双线
本文是一篇记叙文。文章采用了“时空连线”法展开叙述，以时间的推移与空间的转换相结合的方式安排情节。读文时应通过扫读及抓时间、空间标志词的方法，绘出时间轴和空间图。本文中体现时间线的标志词为“1831→1835→1859→Today”，体现空间线的标志词为“ the Beagle”及“the Galápagos Islands”等。根据这些标志词可以清晰地梳理出达尔文的发现之旅以及他基于此次旅行写成的《物种起源》一书所带来的深远影响。
内化读文技法
No.2 美表达/强化写作“基本功”
(一)赏用词之妙
1．The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”．
赏析：本句中的profit常见意思为名词“利润”，此处活用为动词“获益”，这种用法为此处的文字叙述增添了动态之美；distant和little known写出了这次探险的目的地是一个人迹罕至的地方，为后文达尔文的一系列发现埋下了伏笔。
2．After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.
赏析：本句中的was crowded with写出了达尔文所住的船舱内堆满了动植物样本的情形，体现了他对研究动植物的热爱。
3．It was just an idea, but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence.
赏析：本句先用just指出这仅仅是一个设想，接着用转折连词but与enough to ...搭配，强调这也足够鼓舞达尔文去寻求更多证据。刻画了达尔文对科学研究的热爱与执着。
4．Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before.
赏析：本句中的suspected一词表明了达尔文在探索现实世界中的新事物时敢于质疑的科学精神和严谨态度。
①The street ________________ people, all in full dress.
大街上挤满了人，个个都身着盛装。
②At the foot of the mountain lie many rivers.Some are ______________________ several towns.
在山脚下有许多河流。一些大到可以容纳几个城镇。
仿写训练/完成句子
is crowded with
large enough to contain
(二)赏衔接之顺
What's more, he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”．Despite all this, his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.
赏析：此处先是使用了表示递进的衔接词What's more，承接上文，接着说明当时达尔文为研究动植物而做出的牺牲，以及家人对他的反对，接着运用Despite all this，语意一转介绍了他取得的巨大成就，上下文中的a disgrace与the most important scientific discoveries形成了鲜明对比。
But you have to wait for hours before the plane takes off. ______________________________________________________.
但是飞机起飞前你得等几个小时。而且，飞机经常晚点，还总是很拥挤。
仿写训练/完成句子
What's more, it's often delayed and always very crowded
No.3 慧人生/以文化人“增才情”
大自然是人类生存的基础，自然界中各种各样的地貌景观、生物的多样性、气候现象、自然灾害等，蕴含着无穷的奥秘和无限的力量。观察自然、认知自然有利于人类更好地开发自然、保护自然。通过观察和体验自然，可以加深人类对自然环境的认识和理解，可以增强对自然的尊重和保护意识，促进对生物多样性的保护和可持续发展。
So how do plants prevent such growth in deep shade conditions The arcanum (奥秘) lies in the clocks inside them, say scientists from the John Innes Centre and the University of Bristol.
The work identifies a previously unknown role of the circadian clock in controlling plant development, and the findings may have possible effects on both natural plant populations and crops.Professor Antony Dodd of the John Innes Centre said, “The biological clock of plants plays a big part in their development and fitness.This work casts new light on a new role of the circadian clock in adapting plants to competition with other plants in their environments.” “It also gives us new insights into how plants adapt to very deep shade, where resources are very limited，” said Professor Kerry Franklin at the University of Bristol.
This work provides evidence for the stability of the circadian clock in stressful environments, and information that may be useful in developing new generations of crops in a challenging climate.
1．由文积词汇
attempt v． 尝试；试图
top v. [熟词生义]覆盖，超过
component n. 组成部分；部件
identify vt. 识别；确认；发现
滴水穿石
cast light on 使人了解……
insight n. 领悟，洞悉
stability n. 稳定(性)
stressful adj. 压力大的
2．据文悟句式
句① 本句的主干部分是Plants won't attempt to top their neighbors in growth, where引导定语从句； as those in moderate (中度的) shade do为as引导的方式状语从句。
句② that引导宾语从句； when引导时间状语从句。
No.4 课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Outdoor Observations: K-5th Grade Student Competition
CALLING ALL OUTDOOR EXPLORERS! The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) wants you to go outside and observe the world around you!
You are asked to find something in the outdoors that you think is interesting and discover more about it! Take the chance to win one of our outdoor explorer bundles (包)! Four prizes will be awarded to two winners per grade band — two for K-2nd grade and two for 3rd-5th.
A completed project should include：
·A photo or drawing of the interesting thing you observed outdoors.
·A question that you have about the interesting thing.
·What you think the answer to your question is.
·An investigation into whether your answer is correct or not.
Please note：
·You must be a student in a U．S.school.
·If your submission is a link, make sure the privacy and sharing settings allow reviewers to access it.If it is not accessible, it may not be scored.
·Do not include your last name on your presentation — just first name and state.You can put your personal information on the submission form, but for your privacy when we upload, we will need your presentation without personal identification.
·Make sure you include your parent's contact information so we can get their permission to post your file on our website.
·The contest opens on May 1.The deadline for submissions is 11：59 pm (EST) on May 31.
·Winners will be announced in late June.
If you have any question, please contact STEMEd@orau.org.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一个户外观察活动比赛并号召学生报名参加。
1．What is the purpose of ORISE's competition
A．To test students' observation ability.
B．To promote outdoor explorer bundles.
C．To encourage students to explore the outdoors.
D．To compare outdoor education in U．S.schools.
√
解析：细节理解题。由第一段中“You are asked to find something in the outdoors that you think is interesting and discover more about it! ”可知，该比赛的目的是鼓励学生到户外观察、探索外面的世界。
2．What should be included in a completed project
A．The links you have referenced.
B．The reason you choose the thing.
C．The facts you know about the thing.
D．The picture of the thing you choose.
解析：细节理解题。由A completed project should include：中的“A photo or drawing of the interesting thing you observed outdoors.”可知，要求完成的项目应包括你选择的东西的图片。
√
3．What is required of the contestants
A．Including a parent's contact information.
B．Making submissions before May 1.
C．Emailing projects to STEMEd@orau.org.
D．Writing their full name on the presentation.
解析：细节理解题。由Please note：中的“Make sure you include your parent's contact information”可知，参赛者需要提供父母的联系信息。
√
B
The Twenty-three-year-old Mumbai girl Vidhi Bubna is offering India's first and only diving grant to explore the marine ecosystem.
Vidhi's first diving experience turned out to be a heartbreaking one.While she expected a lot of colors underwater as she had seen on TV, Vidhi came across all white corals (珊瑚), which means they are almost dead from being bleached (褪色)．
“It was very sad and I just started crying after coming out of the water，” she says.
Vidhi, an economics graduate from Ashoka University, did not enjoy working with numbers and turned to writing about social issues, including women's rights and minority issues.
As an adventure lover, Vidhi went diving to explore the underwater beauty last year.Her disappointment at seeing dying corals led to the start of Coral Warriors, a non-profit organization that aims to raise awareness of marine protection and climate change.
“Nobody knows about climate change till they see it，” Vidhi says.The Mumbai-based organisation offers India's first and only diving grant.The grant sponsors level-one scuba diving education in any location of their choice in India.While there is no specific standard, Vidhi says the selection process is strict, choosing candidates who are passionate about climate change and seeing that they do something of their choice.Four candidates have been awarded the grant so far and the organisation hopes to find at least five people every year.
“After the candidates return, we expect them to work on a climate change project of their choice, create communities, and work to create awareness and drive action-centric projects，” she explains.
Prior to starting coral warriors, Vidhi was hosting free online workshops to spread awareness of marine biodiversity and climate change, and has reached about 5, 000 people through them.
As a next step, Vidhi is planning to work on documentaries with high-quality underwater images and videos, considering not many can afford or have the courage to go diving to see what is happening underwater.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了孟买女孩Vidhi Bubna被提供印度首个、也是唯一的潜水奖学金，以探索海洋生态系统。
4．How did Vidhi feel on her first diving
A．Excited. B．Upset.
C．Awesome. D．Awkward.
解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“Vidhi's first diving experience turned out to be a heartbreaking one.”和第三段中的“It was very sad and I just started crying after coming out of the water”可知，Vidhi的第一次潜水经历让她感到很沮丧。
√
5．Why did Vidhi set up Coral Warriors
A．To focus more attention on social issues.
B．To further explore the underwater beauty.
C．To fuel people's enthusiasm for adventure.
D．To make an appeal for marine conservation.
解析：细节理解题。由第五段中的“ aims to raise awareness of marine protection and climate change”可知，Vidhi成立该组织是为了呼吁人们重视海洋保护。
√
6．What are candidates expected to do
A．To help promote people's sense of community.
B．To choose whatever they are passionate about.
C．To meet specific and strict selection standards.
D．To undertake activities relevant to climate change.
解析：细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“we expect them to work on a climate change project of their choice”可知，候选人被期待能参与气候变化相关的活动。
√
7．What will Vidhi do to protect marine biodiversity
A．Shoot documentaries.
B．Tackle climate change.
C．Encourage people to dive.
D．Host free online workshops.
解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的“As a next step, Vidhi is planning to work on documentaries with high-quality underwater images and videos”可知，Vidhi通过拍摄纪录片来保护海洋生物多样性。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
More people are watching birds today than ever before; its popularity as a hobby has been growing rapidly over the past few years.But why do people take up bird-watching 8
It's year-round.Unlike many hobbies, birding is non-seasonal. 9 Spring is the best season for birds to migrate and nest; in summer, you can see and hear young birds and observe local breeding birds before they're gone again; fall migration brings its own excitement and changes in bird populations; in winter, you can enjoy feeding birds and watching the birds that over-winter in the area.
It's economical.The degree of your involvement is up to you.
10 No expensive equipment is necessary to enjoy watching birds.All you need may be a good field guide and a proper binocular (双筒望远镜)．Anything more is optional.
11 The more you learn about birds, their needs, and the challenges many species face, the more concerned and involved you're likely to become in supporting wildlife habitat conservation and restoration efforts.This involvement can be on many levels, from making sure your own property pet birds and other wildlife to educating others about the needs of bird populations.
It often leads down other paths.Watching birds in many cases causes involvement in other interests. 12 Many people also develop an interest in wildflowers or dragonflies(蜻蜓)．An increasing number of bird watchers travel to see birds.There are bird and nature festivals and bird-watching tours to birding hotspots all over the world.Birding, therefore, could turn you into a world traveler!
A．It involves walking in nature.
B．It might change with the seasons.
C．It promotes habitat conservation.
D．And so is the cost of being involved.
E．Bird watchers these days are often butterfly watchers, too.
F．You may start watching birds or feeding them in your yard.
G．The following are some reasons for becoming a bird watcher.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了越来越多的人把观鸟作为一种爱好的原因。
8．选G 上文提出问题“为什么人们喜欢观鸟呢？”下文讲述了人们喜欢观鸟的几个具体原因，G项“以下是成为观鸟者的一些原因。”承上启下，符合语境。
9.选B 上文提到观鸟是非季节性的，全年无休，下文则具体解释了春天和夏天观鸟内容的不同，B项“它可能会随着季节的变化而变化。”承上启下，符合语境。
10．选D 上一段提到“这很省钱。你的参与程度取决于你”，空后则具体解释了观赏鸟类不需要昂贵的设备。D项“参与的成本也是如此。”既能承接上文，又能准确概括本段大意。
11.选C 根据空后内容可知，本段主要讲述观鸟也会让你参与到支持野生动物栖息地保护和恢复的工作中。C项“它促进了栖息地保护。”适合做本段的主题句。
12．选E 上文提到观鸟也能引起其他兴趣，空后则列举了其中一项“许多人也对野花或蜻蜓产生了兴趣”，E项则是另一项：观鸟者往往也喜欢观赏蝴蝶。UNIT 5 课时检测(一) “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Outdoor Observations: K 5th Grade Student Competition
CALLING ALL OUTDOOR EXPLORERS! The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) wants you to go outside and observe the world around you! You are asked to find something in the outdoors that you think is interesting and discover more about it! Take the chance to win one of our outdoor explorer bundles (包)! Four prizes will be awarded to two winners per grade band — two for K 2nd grade and two for 3rd 5th.
A completed project should include：
·A photo or drawing of the interesting thing you observed outdoors.
·A question that you have about the interesting thing.
·What you think the answer to your question is.
·An investigation into whether your answer is correct or not.
Please note：
·You must be a student in a U．S.school.
·If your submission is a link, make sure the privacy and sharing settings allow reviewers to access it.If it is not accessible, it may not be scored.
·Do not include your last name on your presentation — just first name and state.You can put your personal information on the submission form, but for your privacy when we upload, we will need your presentation without personal identification.
·Make sure you include your parent's contact information so we can get their permission to post your file on our website.
·The contest opens on May 1.The deadline for submissions is 11：59 pm (EST) on May 31.
·Winners will be announced in late June.
If you have any question, please contact STEMEd@orau.org.
1．What is the purpose of ORISE's competition
A．To test students' observation ability.
B．To promote outdoor explorer bundles.
C．To encourage students to explore the outdoors.
D．To compare outdoor education in U．S.schools.
2．What should be included in a completed project
A．The links you have referenced.
B．The reason you choose the thing.
C．The facts you know about the thing.
D．The picture of the thing you choose.
3．What is required of the contestants
A．Including a parent's contact information.
B．Making submissions before May 1.
C．Emailing projects to STEMEd@orau.org.
D．Writing their full name on the presentation.
B
The Twenty three year old Mumbai girl Vidhi Bubna is offering India's first and only diving grant to explore the marine ecosystem.
Vidhi's first diving experience turned out to be a heartbreaking one.While she expected a lot of colors underwater as she had seen on TV, Vidhi came across all white corals (珊瑚), which means they are almost dead from being bleached (褪色)．
“It was very sad and I just started crying after coming out of the water，” she says.
Vidhi, an economics graduate from Ashoka University, did not enjoy working with numbers and turned to writing about social issues, including women's rights and minority issues.
As an adventure lover, Vidhi went diving to explore the underwater beauty last year.Her disappointment at seeing dying corals led to the start of Coral Warriors, a non profit organization that aims to raise awareness of marine protection and climate change.
“Nobody knows about climate change till they see it，” Vidhi says.The Mumbai based organisation offers India's first and only diving grant.The grant sponsors level one scuba diving education in any location of their choice in India.While there is no specific standard, Vidhi says the selection process is strict, choosing candidates who are passionate about climate change and seeing that they do something of their choice.Four candidates have been awarded the grant so far and the organisation hopes to find at least five people every year.
“After the candidates return, we expect them to work on a climate change project of their choice, create communities, and work to create awareness and drive action centric projects，” she explains.
Prior to starting coral warriors, Vidhi was hosting free online workshops to spread awareness of marine biodiversity and climate change, and has reached about 5, 000 people through them.
As a next step, Vidhi is planning to work on documentaries with high quality underwater images and videos, considering not many can afford or have the courage to go diving to see what is happening underwater.
4．How did Vidhi feel on her first diving
A．Excited. B．Upset.
C．Awesome. D．Awkward.
5．Why did Vidhi set up Coral Warriors
A．To focus more attention on social issues.
B．To further explore the underwater beauty.
C．To fuel people's enthusiasm for adventure.
D．To make an appeal for marine conservation.
6．What are candidates expected to do
A．To help promote people's sense of community.
B．To choose whatever they are passionate about.
C．To meet specific and strict selection standards.
D．To undertake activities relevant to climate change.
7．What will Vidhi do to protect marine biodiversity
A．Shoot documentaries.
B．Tackle climate change.
C．Encourage people to dive.
D．Host free online workshops.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
More people are watching birds today than ever before; its popularity as a hobby has been growing rapidly over the past few years.But why do people take up bird watching __8__
It's year round.Unlike many hobbies, birding is non seasonal.__9__ Spring is the best season for birds to migrate and nest; in summer, you can see and hear young birds and observe local breeding birds before they're gone again; fall migration brings its own excitement and changes in bird populations; in winter, you can enjoy feeding birds and watching the birds that over winter in the area.
It's economical.The degree of your involvement is up to you.
__10__ No expensive equipment is necessary to enjoy watching birds.All you need may be a good field guide and a proper binocular (双筒望远镜)．Anything more is optional.
__11__The more you learn about birds, their needs, and the challenges many species face, the more concerned and involved you're likely to become in supporting wildlife habitat conservation and restoration efforts.This involvement can be on many levels, from making sure your own property pet birds and other wildlife to educating others about the needs of bird populations.
It often leads down other paths.Watching birds in many cases causes involvement in other interests.__12__ Many people also develop an interest in wildflowers or dragonflies(蜻蜓)．An increasing number of bird watchers travel to see birds.There are bird and nature festivals and bird watching tours to birding hotspots all over the world.Birding, therefore, could turn you into a world traveler!
A．It involves walking in nature.
B．It might change with the seasons.
C．It promotes habitat conservation.
D．And so is the cost of being involved.
E．Bird watchers these days are often butterfly watchers, too.
F．You may start watching birds or feeding them in your yard.
G．The following are some reasons for becoming a bird watcher.
UNIT 5 课时检测(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一个户外观察活动比赛并号召学生报名参加。
1．选C 细节理解题。由第一段中“You are asked to find something in the outdoors that you think is interesting and discover more about it! ”可知，该比赛的目的是鼓励学生到户外观察、探索外面的世界。
2．选D 细节理解题。由A completed project should include：中的“A photo or drawing of the interesting thing you observed outdoors.”可知，要求完成的项目应包括你选择的东西的图片。
3．选A 细节理解题。由Please note：中的“Make sure you include your parent's contact information”可知，参赛者需要提供父母的联系信息。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了孟买女孩Vidhi Bubna被提供印度首个、也是唯一的潜水奖学金，以探索海洋生态系统。
4．选B 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Vidhi's first diving experience turned out to be a heartbreaking one.”和第三段中的“It was very sad and I just started crying after coming out of the water”可知，Vidhi的第一次潜水经历让她感到很沮丧。
5．选D 细节理解题。由第五段中的“ aims to raise awareness of marine protection and climate change”可知，Vidhi成立该组织是为了呼吁人们重视海洋保护。
6．选D 细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“we expect them to work on a climate change project of their choice”可知，候选人被期待能参与气候变化相关的活动。
7．选A 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“As a next step, Vidhi is planning to work on documentaries with high quality underwater images and videos”可知，Vidhi通过拍摄纪录片来保护海洋生物多样性。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
8．选G 上文提出问题“为什么人们喜欢观鸟呢？”下文讲述了人们喜欢观鸟的几个具体原因，G项“以下是成为观鸟者的一些原因。”承上启下，符合语境。
9.选B 上文提到观鸟是非季节性的，全年无休，下文则具体解释了春天和夏天观鸟内容的不同，B项“它可能会随着季节的变化而变化。”承上启下，符合语境。
10．选D 上一段提到“这很省钱。你的参与程度取决于你”，空后则具体解释了观赏鸟类不需要昂贵的设备。D项“参与的成本也是如此。”既能承接上文，又能准确概括本段大意。
11.选C 根据空后内容可知，本段主要讲述观鸟也会让你参与到支持野生动物栖息地保护和恢复的工作中。C项“它促进了栖息地保护。”适合做本段的主题句。
12．选E 上文提到观鸟也能引起其他兴趣，空后则列举了其中一项“许多人也对野花或蜻蜓产生了兴趣”，E项则是另一项：观鸟者往往也喜欢观赏蝴蝶。
