(共94张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Using language
NO 1
语法专区——落实“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观
NO 4
课时跟踪检测
目 录
NO 2
听说专区——在主题活动中提升语言技能
NO 3
新知学习/核心语言点集中释解
(语法项目——动词)
No.1 语法专区/落实“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
背美文 A nature protection organization has been caring about the many species of plants and animals that die out around the world since it's set up. The workers of the organization have been taking measures to get more people to be aware of the problem and search for solutions.
续表
背美文 Very few people in modern society actually intend to harm animals. Most people do not realise that many animal species cannot adapt to the changes brought about by modern civilisation. It is for this reason that the organization has been constantly putting up information to stir up public interest in the welfare of the planet.
悟语法 短文中的蓝体部分都使用了现在完成进行时，其构成是“has/have ＋been＋现在分词”， 表示动作开始于过去，一直持续到现在，且有可能继续下去。
(一)现在完成进行时的用法
1．表示发生在过去的动作一直持续到现在，动作有可能已停止，也有可能会持续下去。
It has been raining since last Sunday.
自上周日以来就一直在下雨。(雨可能继续下)
Why are your clothes so dirty What have you been doing
你的衣服怎么这么脏？你在做什么？(动作已经结束)
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
2．表示动作从过去开始，延续到现在，且不断重复。
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
她从八岁起就一直打网球。(动作重复)
[图解助记]
[对点练] (完成句子)
①I __________________ English since four years ago.
我从四年前就一直在学英语了。
②The students _____________________ the exam since last week.
自上周以来学生们一直在准备考试。
③Tom's hands are very dirty.He ________________________.
汤姆的手很脏。他一直在修汽车。
have been learning
have been preparing for
has been repairing the car
(二)现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1．在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时的动作不一定已经完成，很可能持续下去，而现在完成时一般表示动作已经完成，即现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性，而现在完成时强调动作的结果。
He has cleaned the window.
他已经把窗户擦干净了。(动作已完成，窗户干净了)
He has been cleaning the window.
他一直在擦窗户。(动作不一定完成，强调“擦”这个动作一直在进行)
2．现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，而现在完成时一般不表示动作的重复。
I've been taking part in races for four years.
我这四年一直在参加比赛。
How many races have you taken part in
你参加过多少场比赛了？
3．现在完成进行时带有一种感彩，可使表达生动，而现在完成时通常只陈述事实、影响或结果，不带感彩。
I have read the book.
我读过这本书。(陈述事实)
I have been reading the book.
我一直在读这本书。(对这本书感兴趣)
[名师点津]
有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时：
状态动词be， have， exist；
情感动词like， love， hate， dislike；
感官动词see， hear， know， feel， sound；
短暂性动词finish， marry， come， go等。
They have gone to Shanghai.
他们已经去上海了。
They have been to Shanghai.
他们曾去过上海。
They have already finished the work.
他们已经完成了这项工作。
[对点练] (用所给动词的正确时态填空)
①(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years, Cao ___________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain.
②In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ______________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements.
has walked
have reported
③You must be tired now since you _________________ (work) for five hours.
④The children are dirty because they ________________ (play) in the mud all morning.
have been working
have been playing
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．___________________________________________, but your work isn't progressing steadily.
五年来你一直在说你能成功，但是你的工作并没有稳步前进。
2．_________________________________________ this month at my leisure.
这个月我闲暇时一直在参观这个城市的几个博物馆。
活用语法——在针对训练中提能
You've been saying you can succeed for five years
I have been visiting some museums of this city
3．The geologist looks thin and tired.He _____________________
_____ recently.
这位地理学家看起来又瘦又累，他近来工作很辛苦。
4．I _________________________ related to adventures for two hours, but ________________ it.
这本与探险有关的小说，我已经读了两小时了，但我还没读完。
has been working too
hard
have been reading this novel
I haven't finished
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
Lately, I ①_________________ (think) about changing my job because I ②____________ (become) unsatisfied with the conditions at my company. The company where I ③_________________ (work) since five years ago ④________________ (announce) that it will cut 100 jobs because of the bad economic environment. Although I ⑤_____________ (not, decide) which job I will take next, I am making preparations for what I will do next. So, do you have any idea for me
have been thinking
have become
have been working
has announced
haven't decided
No.2 听说专区/在主题活动中提升语言技能
教材听力 “三关过”
一、过词汇关——词块互译
1．_____________ 引起你的注意
2．_________________________ 进行一次生态旅游假期
3．_________________ 爬山
catch your eye
go on an ecotourism holiday
hike up mountains
4．as a compromise __________
5．provide more jobs for _____________________
6．in harmony with _______________________
作为妥协
为……提供更多的工作
与……协调；与……一致
二、过泛听关——听教材录音选最佳答案
1．What does Rachel prefer to do
A．To go on an ecotourism holiday.
B．To lie on a beach.
C．To swim and play with rhinos.
√
2.Which activity does Dad like best
A．To hike in the mountains and plant trees.
B．To count rhinos and protect them.
C．To lie on the beach and read a book.
√
3.What can we learn from Rachel
A．She likes wild animals.
B．She wants to help conserve the natural places.
C．She likes to read books and relax herself on holidays.
√
三、过精听关——依据教材听力完成句子
1．Dad, ___________________________ some information about holidays, ____________.
2．______________ travel does a lot of harm to the environment.
3．You can __________________________ while I lie on the beach and read a book.
I've been searching online for
as you asked
The fact is that
do some ecotourism activities
4．__________________, people are becoming increasingly concerned about the environment.
5．________________________ will also mean more cars and aeroplanes, which in turn means higher carbon emissions.
As tourism develops
Increased tourist numbers
一、听力仿真训练
Ⅰ.听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
强化训练 “在平时”
1．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．Driving safely.
B．Doing the cleaning.
C．Reducing air pollution.
2．What does the man stress
A．Environmental pollution.
B．White pollution prediction.
C．Environmental conservation.
3．What does the woman expect the man to do
A．Take out the rubbish.
B．Clean the bedroom.
C．Collect the dustbins.
4．What does the woman do to protect the environment
A．Stop driving her car.
B．Restrict using plastic bags.
C．Take public transportation.
5．What are the speakers talking about
A．Where to buy household goods.
B．How to lead a low-carbon life.
C．Which electrical equipment saves energy.
Ⅱ.听下面2段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What do the speakers work for
A．Museum. B．Neighborhood. C．Factory.
7．What is the man going to do
A．Paint the wall.
B．Plant trees.
C．Empty the rubbish can.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．When was World Environment Day established
A．In 1972. B．In 1974. C．In 1987.
9．Where were the first international celebrations of World Environment Day held
A．In England.
B．In the United States.
C．In Kenya.
10．What was the first theme of World Environment Day
A．One Earth One Family.
B．Only One Earth.
C．For Life on Earth.
答案：1～5 CCABB 6～10 BCACB
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
W: What's your opinion on ①how to clean up the air I think we should drive less.
M：Yes, ①we can reduce air pollution by using public transportation.
(Text 2)
W：It's difficult to make accurate predictions about the effects of white pollution on the environment.
M：I couldn't agree more. ②We should place more emphasis on environmental protection.
(Text 3)
W：So much rubbish! See it
M：But where do these go
W：These are household food wastes. ③You need to put them in the green bin outside.
(Text 4)
M：How do I protect the environment Should I stop driving my car and use the public transportation
W：I think using your car is necessary nowadays. But you can try other things. For example, ④I always go shopping with cloth bags to avoid excessive use of plastics.
(Text 5)
W：In your opinion, ⑤how can we lead a low-carbon life
M：Well, choose public transport instead of private cars. Besides, switch your computers, air conditioners and other electrical equipment to energy-saving mode.
W：Right! We can also recycle waste materials, such as drinking bottles and newspapers.
(Text 6)
M：Hi, Helen. What are you doing
W：⑥We are having a neighborhood clean-up.
M：Really Sounds interesting. What does it involve
W：Well, we are picking up the trash, and the kids are painting on that wall, and we are planting some trees along the sidewalk.
M：That's great. Can I help you
W：Sure, ⑦you can help Tina. She is emptying that rubbish can over there.
M：OK.
(Text 7)
World Environment Day, celebrated each year on the 5th of June, is one of the main instruments through which the United Nations encourages worldwide awareness of the environment and strengthens political attention and action. ⑧World Environment Day was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1972 to mark the opening of the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment.
⑨The first international celebrations of World Environment Day were held in Nairobi, Kenya in 1987.⑩And the first theme of World Environment Day was “Only One Earth”. It was chosen in 1974. World Environment Day can be celebrated in many ways, including street rallies, bicycle parades, green concerts, essay and poster competitions in schools, tree planting, recycling efforts, clean-up campaigns, and much more.
Heads of State, Prime Ministers and Ministers of Environment deliver statements and commit themselves to care for the Earth. More serious promises are made which lead to the establishment of permanent governmental structures dealing with environmental management and economic planning. This ceremony also provides an opportunity to sign or approve international environmental conventions.
二、口语交际训练
李华和林涛刚刚从生态农场返回，二人对此次出行展开了讨论……请根据提示完成对话。
Li Hua：Hi，Lin Tao.What do you think of the travel to the ecological farm
Lin Tao：①_____________________ (我被深深地吸引) the scenery and the atmosphere there.It's an environment-friendly farm.
I'm deeply attracted by
Li Hua：Me too.Do you know that the government plans to build a square near it Many people ②________________ (对此表示担忧)．
Lin Tao：I have heard about it.In addition to a square, a company applies to build a new hotel which aims to attract more visitors.Human beings always ③_____________ (破坏自然)．
Li Hua：I don't think visitors can ④________________ (接近自然) and enjoy the pleasure of getting along well with the plants and animals without destroying the environment.
show concern for it
destroy nature
get close to nature
Lin Tao：Yeah.Many people ⑤_____________________________
___________ (在网上表示强烈反对)．
Li Hua：Everyone should be responsible for protecting such a natural place.As a compromise，the government seems to begin to take action to protect the natural farm.
Lin Tao：Well.That's important. I hope to go there again in the future.
voice their strong opposition on
the Internet
|多积主题表达|
1．sea creatures 海洋生物
2．climate change 气候变化
3．the ecological balance 生态平衡
4．the delicate ecosystem 脆弱的生态系统
5．prevent damage to wetlands 避免破坏湿地
6．protect its distinct ecosystem 保护其独特的生态系统
7．protect it from pollution 使它免受污染
8．a safe habitat for wildlife 野生动物的安全栖息地
9．The topic is how to protect plants and animals.
主题是关于如何保护动植物。
10．We will get to hike in the mountains and plant trees.
我们将去爬山和植树。
11．Plastic bags do a lot of harm to the environment.
塑料袋给环境带来了很多危害。
12．Living a low-carbon life is of great importance to everyone.
低碳生活对每个人来说都非常重要。
1. However, the local people worry that building the hotel is not eco-friendly and will disturb the wildlife ...
然而，当地人担心建酒店不环保，而且会打扰野生动植物……
★disturb v．干扰，扰乱；使不安
[用法感知]
①(“景色描写”佳句)A light wind disturbed the smooth surface of the lake.一阵微风使平静的湖面泛起波纹。
No.3 新知学习/核心语言点集中释解
②(“景色描写”佳句)The desert appeared completely empty, and it disturbed her to realize that she was alone.
沙漠看上去一片空旷， 她意识到自己孤单一人，心里很不安。
③On the other hand, online voting makes many people feel disturbed especially when they have to take part in it.
另一方面，网络投票也让很多人感到心烦，特别是当他们不得不参与其中时。
[归纳点拨]
(1)it disturbs sb.to do sth. 做某事使某人不安
be disturbed by 为……感到不安
(2)disturbed adj. 不安的，烦恼的
disturbing adj. 使人烦恼的，令人不安的
(3)disturbance n． 干扰，扰乱；骚乱
[易混辨析] disturb, bother, interrupt
disturb 侧重“打扰”某人
bother 侧重“费心，麻烦”某人
interrupt 侧重“打断，中断”
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空/同义替换
④It disturbs me greatly ________ (know) that I can't accompany you to the bookstore on time.
⑤I am very _________ (disturb) by the complaints that have been made against you.
to know
disturbed
⑥The frequent change of a job can be a very __________ (disturb) experience for most people.
⑦There was peace deep in the woods and not a sound bothered great nature's meditation. _________
disturbing
disturbed
(2)选词填空(disturb/bother/interrupt)
⑧The meeting was ____________ when Miss Wang burst in.
⑨I am sorry to _______ you with so much trouble.
⑩He is sleeping in the bedroom.Please don't _______ him.
interrupted
bother
disturb
2. Even though the owner of the company guarantees that the design will be in harmony with its beautiful surroundings, the local people are still concerned that the hotel may use up natural resources.
虽然公司老板保证设计将与周围美丽的环境相协调，但是当地人仍然担心酒店可能会耗尽自然资源。
★in harmony with与……协调一致
[用法感知]
①(“倡议”类写作佳句)Only in this way can we protect our environment and be in harmony with nature.
只有通过这种方式，我们才能保护我们的环境并与大自然和谐相处。
②What you did yesterday was out of harmony with our plan, which makes us all disturbed.
你昨天的所作所为与我们的计划不一致， 这让我们所有人都很不安。
③(“景色描写”佳句)The sky and the sea make a harmonious picture in front of us.
在我们的眼前，天空和大海构成了一幅和谐的画面。
[归纳点拨]
(1)out of harmony with ... 与……不协调
live in harmony with 与……和谐共处
(2)harmonious adj. 和谐的；协调的
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/同义替换)
④It was obvious that the piano was out of harmony _____ the rest of the instruments.
⑤Each member of the community should develop good habits and regulate their behavior in an attempt to create a ___________ (harmony) atmosphere.
⑥Only when we learn to be at one with nature and animals, can we realize the deepest significance of mankind's existence. _______________
with
harmonious
in harmony with
★use up 用完，耗尽
[用法感知]
①(“倡议”类写作佳句)If we use up too many resources, there will soon be nothing left on Earth.
如果我们耗尽太多资源，地球上将会很快什么都没有了。
②English is widely used for business between different countries.
英语被广泛用于不同国家之间的商务往来。
③People used to read newspapers to keep up with what's happening in the outside world.
过去，人们通过看报纸来了解外面世界发生的事情。
[归纳点拨]
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
be used for 被用于……
[易混辨析] run out, run out of, use up
run out “被用完，被耗尽”(＝become/be used up)，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、物、金钱等名词，一般不用于被动语态。
run out of “用完，耗尽”，是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般是人，一般不用于被动语态。
use up “用完，用尽”，是及物动词短语，其主语可以是人，也可以是物。
[应用融会]
(1)完成句子
④Don't __________________. Leave me some to wash with.
不要把肥皂用尽，留一些给我用。
⑤I ________________ at home, but now I ____________________ in the library.
我过去常常在家看书，但我现在习惯在图书馆看书。
use up all the soap
used to read books
am/get used to reading
(2)同义句转换
⑥If we don't save water, we will soon run out of fresh water.
→If we don't save water, ___________________________________.
⑦Mike has run out of all the money before payday.
→________________________________________
→___________________________________________________
fresh water will soon run out/be used up
Mike has used up all the money before payday.
Mike's money has been used up/has run out before payday.
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The boom in _________ (经济) can make people feel happy and lift their spirits.
2．“The Law of the ______ (丛林)” is an expression that means “kill or be killed”．
No.4 课时跟踪检测
economy
Jungle
3．The committee has put forward a proposal to reduce vehicle _________ (排放物)．
4．To _______ (探索) the moon's surface, rockets were launched again and again.
5．Pandas were an ___________ (濒危的) species, which now is well protected in China.
emissions
explore
endangered
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．His work as a ______________ (conservation) helps us to see the beauty of our nature.
2．The ________ (operate) said it would take him three days to prepare the goods.
3．Once _________ (disturb), the balance of nature is likely to take at least 25 years to restore.
conservationist
operator
disturbed
4．Some animals have developed _________ (amaze) adaptation to their environment.
5．With better education, people will be able to build a better society ___ harmony with nature.
6．69% of the people ________ (involve) in the survey are strongly in favor of the holiday proposal.
7．You know that I ________________ (look) for a job with a good salary for one year，and this interview matters a lot to me.
amazing
in
involved
have been looking
8．He went to his study after breakfast and _______________ (write) his report concerning the protection of wetlands ever since.
9．It's hard to tell exactly how many people are in favour of him，but research indicates that the number ______________ (rise) for some time.
10．Inventors _______________ (try) to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert.
has been writing
has been rising
have been trying
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．__________________ these rubber gloves.
帮我把这些橡皮手套脱下来。
2．The petrol ________________; the car can't move.
汽油用光了，车不能走了。
Help me to pull off
has been used up
3．________________________ hear of her little dog's sudden illness. (it作形式主语)
获悉她的小狗得急病后，她感到心神不安。
4．Why is it that you ________________________ there
你到底为什么一直在那里大声喧哗？
5．Her eyes are red.It is obvious that she ____________________
_________.
她的眼睛红红的，显然哭了很长时间了。
It disturbs/disturbed her to
have been talking so loudly
has been crying for a
long time
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Carbon dioxide emissions from transportation are now thought as the top source of greenhouse gases.One of the most effective ways to reduce your carbon footprint is to reconsider how much, and how often, you travel.
Going car-free for a year could save about 2.6 tons of carbon dioxide, according to a study from the University of British Columbia.How can you stop using a car Try taking a train, bus or better yet, riding a bike.
But let's be realistic.You will likely need to use a car this year.So, when you do, here are some tips to make your trip more climate-friendly.Driving efficiently can help to reduce emissions.Go easy on the gas and brakes and drive like you have an egg under your foot.Regularly service your car to keep it more efficient.Keeping your tires pumped correctly can reduce emissions.Low tire pressure will hurt your fuel economy.Air conditioning and frequent city driving can make emissions go up.So cut down on these as often as possible.Use cruise control (定速巡航) on long drives — in most cases, this can help to save gas.Don't weigh your car down with extra things that you don't need on your trip.
Fly often Taking one fewer long round-trip flight could reduce your personal carbon footprint significantly.If you use public transportation often and fly less, your carbon footprint might still be relatively sustainable, but if you drive and fly a lot, your emissions will be higher.If you can't avoid flying, you can offset them by donating money to sustainable projects, such as supplying efficient stoves to rural homes, or projects which help farmers deal with crop waste environmentally.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何选择适当的出行方式以降低运输过程中的碳足迹。
1．What does the author think of going car-free
A．Efficient. B．Costly.
C．Impractical. D．Reliable.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“How can you stop using a car ”和第三段中的“But let's be realistic.You will likely need to use a car this year.”可知，作者认为不使用汽车是不切实际的。
√
2．Which can be adopted to save fuel of your car
A．Maintaining your car properly.
B．Using cruise control in the city.
C．Stepping hard on the gas and brakes.
D．Getting rid of all the necessary loads.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Low tire pressure will hurt your fuel economy.”可知，适当的保养汽车可以节省汽车的燃油。
√
3．What does the underlined word “offset” in the last paragraph mean
A．Make up for. B．Team up with.
C．Set foot in. D．Put up with.
解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的举例可知，这里是在建议用高效节能的方法来抵消因坐飞机而产生的碳足迹，故画线词offset的意思应该是“抵消，弥补”。
√
4．Which is the best title for the text
A．How to save fuel when driving cars
B．How to reduce your carbon footprint
C．Reduce carbon footprint by all means
D．Lower carbon footprint in transportation
√
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段提到的“减少碳足迹的最有效方法之一是重新考虑你旅行的次数和频率”以及文章主要讲述如何选择适当的出行方式以降低运输过程中的碳足迹可知，D项“降低交通运输中的碳足迹”为最佳标题。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Spring is the season for new life. In China, the peak time for spring plowing and sowing is around the Qingming Festival, which fell 1 Thursday this year, when people from all walks of life went out and planted trees 2 (make) the land greener.
From top leaders to ordinary citizens, 3 (plant) trees has been a widespread practice for the Chinese, 4 voluntarily take part in the country's massive greening efforts 5 (year) to show just how much the world's second-largest economy values greenness and ecological conservation.
Since 6 start of afforestation (植树造林) decades ago, China 7 (create) the world's largest, planted forests.Thick forests have also become a substantial source of income for 8 (local)．Last year, the output value of China's forestry and grassland industry reached over 9.2 trillion dollars, while the foreign trade volume of forest products 9 (be) 149.25 billion dollars.Green development with both ecological and economic benefits is a highlight and distinctive feature of Chinese modernization.
Under a long-term plan, China expects to increase its forest 10 (cover) rate to 26 percent by 2035.By then, China's forest stock volume will rise to 21 billion cubic meters.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是中国植树造林的相关情况以及取得的成就。
1．on 考查介词。设空处为时间状语，在星期前应用介词on表示“在具体的某一天”。
2．to make 考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，所以使用不定式形式，且表示主动意义。
3．planting 考查非谓语动词。设空处作句子的主语，应是动名词形式。
4．who 考查定语从句。设空处为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词the Chinese指的是人，所以使用关系代词who。
5．yearly 考查副词。设空处作状语，应用副词，year的副词为yearly，意为“每年”，符合句意。
6．the 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，start为可数名词单数，设空处应为限定词。结合句意可知，此处表示特指，表示“几十年前植树造林的开始”，故用定冠词。
7．has created 考查谓语动词。设空处为谓语动词，根据Since引导的时间状语可知，此处应使用现在完成时；create与主语China之间为主动关系，且主语是第三人称单数，故填has created。
8．locals 考查名词。设空处为名词作宾语，local意为“当地人”，为可数名词，且空前无限定词，故使用复数形式表泛指。
9．was 考查谓语动词。设空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语Last year可知，此处应使用一般过去时；主语是第三人称单数，故填was。
10．coverage 考查词性转换。句意：根据一项长期计划，中国预计到2035年将森林覆盖率提高到26%。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，cover的名词为coverage “覆盖范围”，为不可数名词。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你们学校正在开展“花香进校园”活动：一方面开设园艺选修课，让学生了解花的习性；另一方面人人动手实践，用花装扮校园，创建优美的生活学习环境。请你写一封邮件给你的笔友Jim, 介绍此次活动。内容包括：
1．对该活动的简要描述；2．举例说明该活动对你的影响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
根据提示补全作文，注意本单元语法的使用
Dear Jim，
I hope this email finds you well.For the last two weeks, ①_______
______________________ (我一直在从事……；engage) a unique activity happening at my school, the “Flowers into Campus” activity.
I have
been engaging myself in
As part of this activity, ②__________________________________
________________ (我们学校开设了一门园艺选修课)that teaches us about the habits and characteristics of different flowers.③__________
______________________________________________________ (该课程旨在增进我们对植物的了解和欣赏)．Additionally, we are encouraged to ④_____________________________ (用鲜花装扮我们的校园) by using our creativity, creating a beautiful and fragrant environment for our learning and living.
our school has opened up an optional
gardening course
The course
aims to enhance our understanding and appreciation of plants
decorate our campus with flowers
Personally, this activity has had a profound impact on me. Not only ⑤________________________________________ (我不但对植物和园艺了解了很多), but also the activity has taught me the importance of patience, attention to detail, and the appreciation of nature's beauty.
Best regards，
Li Hua
have I learned a lot about plants and gardeningSection Ⅲ Using language
语法项目——现在完成进行时
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
背美文 A nature protection organization has been caring about the many species of plants and animals that die out around the world since it's set up. The workers of the organization have been taking measures to get more people to be aware of the problem and search for solutions. Very few people in modern society actually intend to harm animals. Most people do not realise that many animal species cannot adapt to the changes brought about by modern civilisation. It is for this reason that the organization has been constantly putting up information to stir up public interest in the welfare of the planet.
悟语法 短文中的黑体部分都使用了现在完成进行时，其构成是“has/have ＋been＋现在分词”， 表示动作开始于过去，一直持续到现在，且有可能继续下去。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
(一)现在完成进行时的用法
1．表示发生在过去的动作一直持续到现在，动作有可能已停止，也有可能会持续下去。
It has been raining since last Sunday.
自上周日以来就一直在下雨。(雨可能继续下)
Why are your clothes so dirty What have you been doing
你的衣服怎么这么脏？你在做什么？(动作已经结束)
2．表示动作从过去开始，延续到现在，且不断重复。
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.她从八岁起就一直打网球。(动作重复)
[图解助记]
[对点练] (完成句子)
①I ________________________ English since four years ago.我从四年前就一直在学英语了。
②The students __________________________ the exam since last week.
自上周以来学生们一直在准备考试。
③Tom's hands are very dirty.He ________________________________.
汤姆的手很脏。他一直在修汽车。
(二)现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1．在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时的动作不一定已经完成，很可能持续下去，而现在完成时一般表示动作已经完成，即现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性，而现在完成时强调动作的结果。
He has cleaned the window.
他已经把窗户擦干净了。(动作已完成，窗户干净了)
He has been cleaning the window.
他一直在擦窗户。(动作不一定完成，强调“擦”这个动作一直在进行)
2．现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，而现在完成时一般不表示动作的重复。
I've been taking part in races for four years.
我这四年一直在参加比赛。
How many races have you taken part in
你参加过多少场比赛了？
3．现在完成进行时带有一种感彩，可使表达生动，而现在完成时通常只陈述事实、影响或结果，不带感彩。
I have read the book.
我读过这本书。(陈述事实)
I have been reading the book.
我一直在读这本书。(对这本书感兴趣)
[名师点津]
有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时：
状态动词be, have, exist；
情感动词like, love, hate, dislike；
感官动词see, hear, know, feel, sound；
短暂性动词finish, marry, come, go等。
They have gone to Shanghai.
他们已经去上海了。
They have been to Shanghai.
他们曾去过上海。
They have already finished the work.
他们已经完成了这项工作。
[对点练] (用所给动词的正确时态填空)
①(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years, Cao ____________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain.
②In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ________________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements.
③You must be tired now since you ____________________ (work) for five hours.
④The children are dirty because they __________________ (play) in the mud all morning.
活用语法——在针对训练中提能
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．____________________________________， but your work isn't progressing steadily.
五年来你一直在说你能成功，但是你的工作并没有稳步前进。
2．______________________________________ this month at my leisure.
这个月我闲暇时一直在参观这个城市的几个博物馆。
3．The geologist looks thin and tired.He ________________________ recently.
这位地理学家看起来又瘦又累，他近来工作很辛苦。
4．I ________________________ related to adventures for two hours, but ______________________ it.这本与探险有关的小说，我已经读了两小时了，但我还没读完。
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
Lately, I ①________________ (think) about changing my job because I ②______________________ (become) unsatisfied with the conditions at my company. The company where I ③________________ (work) since five years ago ④________________ (announce) that it will cut 100 jobs because of the bad economic environment. Although I ⑤____________________ (not, decide) which job I will take next, I am making preparations for what I will do next. So, do you have any idea for me
教材听力“三关过”
一、过词汇关——词块互译
1．____________ 引起你的注意
2．____________ 进行一次生态旅游假期
3．____________ 爬山
4．as a compromise ____________
5．provide more jobs for ____________
6．in harmony with ____________
二、过泛听关——听教材录音选最佳答案
1．What does Rachel prefer to do
A．To go on an ecotourism holiday.
B．To lie on a beach.
C．To swim and play with rhinos.
2.Which activity does Dad like best
A．To hike in the mountains and plant trees.
B．To count rhinos and protect them.
C．To lie on the beach and read a book.
3.What can we learn from Rachel
A．She likes wild animals.
B．She wants to help conserve the natural places.
C．She likes to read books and relax herself on holidays.
三、过精听关——依据教材听力完成句子
1．Dad, ____________________________ some information about holidays, ____________.
2．____________________ travel does a lot of harm to the environment.
3．You can ______________________________ while I lie on the beach and read a book.
4．__________________， people are becoming increasingly concerned about the environment.
5．______________________ will also mean more cars and aeroplanes, which in turn means higher carbon emissions.
强化训练“在平时”
一、听力仿真训练
Ⅰ.听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．Driving safely.
B．Doing the cleaning.
C．Reducing air pollution.
2．What does the man stress
A．Environmental pollution.
B．White pollution prediction.
C．Environmental conservation.
3．What does the woman expect the man to do
A．Take out the rubbish.
B．Clean the bedroom.
C．Collect the dustbins.
4．What does the woman do to protect the environment
A．Stop driving her car.
B．Restrict using plastic bags.
C．Take public transportation.
5．What are the speakers talking about
A．Where to buy household goods.
B．How to lead a low carbon life.
C．Which electrical equipment saves energy.
Ⅱ.听下面2段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What do the speakers work for
A．Museum. B．Neighborhood. C．Factory.
7．What is the man going to do
A．Paint the wall.
B．Plant trees.
C．Empty the rubbish can.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．When was World Environment Day established
A．In 1972. B．In 1974. C．In 1987.
9．Where were the first international celebrations of World Environment Day held
A．In England.
B．In the United States.
C．In Kenya.
10．What was the first theme of World Environment Day
A．One Earth One Family.
B．Only One Earth.
C．For Life on Earth.
二、口语交际训练
李华和林涛刚刚从生态农场返回，二人对此次出行展开了讨论……请根据提示完成对话。
Li Hua：Hi，Lin Tao.What do you think of the travel to the ecological farm
Lin Tao：①______________________ (我被深深地吸引) the scenery and the atmosphere there.It's an environment friendly farm.
Li Hua：Me too.Do you know that the government plans to build a square near it Many people ②________________ (对此表示担忧)．
Lin Tao：I have heard about it.In addition to a square, a company applies to build a new hotel which aims to attract more visitors.Human beings always ③________________(破坏自然)．
Li Hua：I don't think visitors can ④____________________________ (接近自然) and enjoy the pleasure of getting along well with the plants and animals without destroying the environment.
Lin Tao：Yeah.Many people ⑤______________________________ (在网上表示强烈反对)．
Li Hua：Everyone should be responsible for protecting such a natural place.As a compromise, the government seems to begin to take action to protect the natural farm.
Lin Tao：Well.That's important. I hope to go there again in the future.
|多积主题表达|
1．sea creatures 海洋生物
2．climate change 气候变化
3．the ecological balance 生态平衡
4．the delicate ecosystem 脆弱的生态系统
5．prevent damage to wetlands 避免破坏湿地
6．protect its distinct ecosystem 保护其独特的生态系统
7．protect it from pollution 使它免受污染
8．a safe habitat for wildlife 野生动物的安全栖息地
9．The topic is how to protect plants and animals.
主题是关于如何保护动植物。
10．We will get to hike in the mountains and plant trees.我们将去爬山和植树。
11．Plastic bags do a lot of harm to the environment.塑料袋给环境带来了很多危害。
12．Living a low carbon life is of great importance to everyone.
低碳生活对每个人来说都非常重要。
1. However, the local people worry that building the hotel is not eco friendly and will disturb the wildlife ...
然而，当地人担心建酒店不环保，而且会打扰野生动植物……
★disturb v．干扰，扰乱；使不安
[用法感知]
①(“景色描写”佳句)A light wind disturbed the smooth surface of the lake.
一阵微风使平静的湖面泛起波纹。
②(“景色描写”佳句)The desert appeared completely empty, and it disturbed her to realize that she was alone.沙漠看上去一片空旷， 她意识到自己孤单一人，心里很不安。
③On the other hand, online voting makes many people feel disturbed especially when they have to take part in it.另一方面，网络投票也让很多人感到心烦，特别是当他们不得不参与其中时。
[归纳点拨]
(1)it disturbs sb.to do sth. 做某事使某人不安
be disturbed by 为……感到不安
(2)disturbed adj. 不安的，烦恼的
disturbing adj. 使人烦恼的，令人不安的
(3)disturbance n． 干扰，扰乱；骚乱
[易混辨析] disturb, bother, interrupt
disturb 侧重“打扰”某人
bother 侧重“费心，麻烦”某人
interrupt 侧重“打断，中断”
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空/同义替换
④It disturbs me greatly __________ (know) that I can't accompany you to the bookstore on time.
⑤I am very ____________ (disturb) by the complaints that have been made against you.
⑥The frequent change of a job can be a very ________ (disturb) experience for most people.
⑦There was peace deep in the woods and not a sound bothered great nature's meditation.____________
(2)选词填空(disturb/bother/interrupt)
⑧The meeting was ____________ when Miss Wang burst in.
⑨I am sorry to ____________ you with so much trouble.
⑩He is sleeping in the bedroom.Please don't ____________ him.
2. Even though the owner of the company guarantees that the design will be in harmony with its beautiful surroundings, the local people are still concerned that the hotel may use up natural resources.
虽然公司老板保证设计将与周围美丽的环境相协调，但是当地人仍然担心酒店可能会耗尽自然资源。
★in harmony with与……协调一致
[用法感知]
①(“倡议”类写作佳句)Only in this way can we protect our environment and be in harmony with nature.只有通过这种方式，我们才能保护我们的环境并与大自然和谐相处。
②What you did yesterday was out of harmony with our plan, which makes us all disturbed.
你昨天的所作所为与我们的计划不一致， 这让我们所有人都很不安。
③(“景色描写”佳句)The sky and the sea make a harmonious picture in front of us.
在我们的眼前，天空和大海构成了一幅和谐的画面。
[归纳点拨]
(1)out of harmony with ... 与……不协调
live in harmony with 与……和谐共处
(2)harmonious adj. 和谐的；协调的
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/同义替换)
④It was obvious that the piano was out of harmony ________ the rest of the instruments.
⑤Each member of the community should develop good habits and regulate their behavior in an attempt to create a ________ (harmony) atmosphere.
⑥Only when we learn to be at one with nature and animals, can we realize the deepest significance of mankind's existence.________________
★use up 用完，耗尽
[用法感知]
①(“倡议”类写作佳句)If we use up too many resources, there will soon be nothing left on Earth.如果我们耗尽太多资源，地球上将会很快什么都没有了。
②English is widely used for business between different countries.
英语被广泛用于不同国家之间的商务往来。
③People used to read newspapers to keep up with what's happening in the outside world.
过去，人们通过看报纸来了解外面世界发生的事情。
[归纳点拨]
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
be used for 被用于……
[易混辨析] run out, run out of, use up
run out “被用完，被耗尽”(＝become/be used up)，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、物、金钱等名词，一般不用于被动语态。
run out of “用完，耗尽”，是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般是人，一般不用于被动语态。
use up “用完，用尽”，是及物动词短语，其主语可以是人，也可以是物。
[应用融会]
(1)完成句子
④Don't __________________. Leave me some to wash with.不要把肥皂用尽，留一些给我用。
⑤I ______________________ at home, but now I ____________________ in the library.
我过去常常在家看书，但我现在习惯在图书馆看书。
(2)同义句转换
⑥If we don't save water, we will soon run out of fresh water.
→If we don't save water, ________________________________.
⑦Mike has run out of all the money before payday.
→
→
Section Ⅲ
NO.1 语法专区
慧学语法
(一)[对点练] ①have been learning ②have been preparing for
③has been repairing the car
(二)[对点练] ①has walked ②have reported
③have been working ④have been playing
活用语法
Ⅰ.1.You've been saying you can succeed for five years
2．I have been visiting some museums of this city
3．has been working too hard
4．have been reading this novel; I haven't finished
Ⅱ.①have been thinking ②have become ③have been working
④has announced ⑤haven't decided
NO.2 听说专区
教材听力“三关过”
一、1.catch your eye 2.go on an ecotourism holiday
3．hike up mountains 4.作为妥协
5．为……提供更多的工作 6.与……协调；与……一致
二、1～3 ACB
三、1.I've been searching online for; as you asked
2．The fact is that 3.do some ecotourism activities
4．As tourism develops 5.Increased tourist numbers
强化训练“在平时”
1～5 CCABB 6～10 BCACB
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
W: What's your opinion on ①how to clean up the air I think we should drive less.
M：Yes, ①we can reduce air pollution by using public transportation.
(Text 2)
W：It's difficult to make accurate predictions about the effects of white pollution on the environment.
M：I couldn't agree more. ②We should place more emphasis on environmental protection.
(Text 3)
W：So much rubbish! See it
M：But where do these go
W：These are household food wastes. ③You need to put them in the green bin outside.
(Text 4)
M：How do I protect the environment Should I stop driving my car and use the public transportation
W：I think using your car is necessary nowadays. But you can try other things. For example, ④I always go shopping with cloth bags to avoid excessive use of plastics.
(Text 5)
W：In your opinion, ⑤how can we lead a low carbon life
M：Well, choose public transport instead of private cars. Besides, switch your computers, air conditioners and other electrical equipment to energy saving mode.
W：Right! We can also recycle waste materials, such as drinking bottles and newspapers.
(Text 6)
M：Hi, Helen. What are you doing
W：⑥We are having a neighborhood clean up.
M：Really Sounds interesting. What does it involve
W：Well, we are picking up the trash, and the kids are painting on that wall, and we are planting some trees along the sidewalk.
M：That's great. Can I help you
W：Sure, ⑦you can help Tina. She is emptying that rubbish can over there.
M：OK.
(Text 7)
World Environment Day, celebrated each year on the 5th of June, is one of the main instruments through which the United Nations encourages worldwide awareness of the environment and strengthens political attention and action. ⑧World Environment Day was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1972 to mark the opening of the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment. ⑨The first international celebrations of World Environment Day were held in Nairobi, Kenya in 1987.⑩And the first theme of World Environment Day was “Only One Earth”. It was chosen in 1974. World Environment Day can be celebrated in many ways, including street rallies, bicycle parades, green concerts, essay and poster competitions in schools, tree planting, recycling efforts, clean up campaigns, and much more. Heads of State, Prime Ministers and Ministers of Environment deliver statements and commit themselves to care for the Earth. More serious promises are made which lead to the establishment of permanent governmental structures dealing with environmental management and economic planning. This ceremony also provides an opportunity to sign or approve international environmental conventions.
二、①I'm deeply attracted by ②show concern for it
③destroy nature ④get close to nature
⑤voice their strong opposition on the Internet
NO.3 新知学习
1．④to know ⑤disturbed ⑥disturbing ⑦disturbed
⑧interrupted ⑨bother ⑩disturb
2．★④with ⑤harmonious ⑥in harmony with
★④use up all the soap ⑤used to read books; am/get used to reading ⑥fresh water will soon run out/be used up
⑦Mike has used up all the money before payday.; Mike's money has been used up/has run out before payday.UNIT 6 课时检测(三) Using language
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The boom in ____________ (经济) can make people feel happy and lift their spirits.
2．“The Law of the ____________ (丛林)” is an expression that means “kill or be killed”．
3．The committee has put forward a proposal to reduce vehicle ____________ (排放物)．
4．To ____________ (探索) the moon's surface, rockets were launched again and again.
5．Pandas were an ____________ (濒危的) species, which now is well protected in China.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．His work as a ________________ (conservation) helps us to see the beauty of our nature.
2．The ________________ (operate) said it would take him three days to prepare the goods.
3．Once ________________ (disturb), the balance of nature is likely to take at least 25 years to restore.
4．Some animals have developed ________________ (amaze) adaptation to their environment.
5．With better education, people will be able to build a better society ________________ harmony with nature.
6．69% of the people ________________ (involve) in the survey are strongly in favor of the holiday proposal.
7．You know that I ______________________(look) for a job with a good salary for one year, and this interview matters a lot to me.
8．He went to his study after breakfast and ________________________(write) his report concerning the protection of wetlands ever since.
9．It's hard to tell exactly how many people are in favour of him，but research indicates that the number ______________________ (rise) for some time.
10．Inventors ________________ (try) to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．________________________ these rubber gloves.
帮我把这些橡皮手套脱下来。
2．The petrol __________________； the car can't move.汽油用光了，车不能走了。
3．________________________ hear of her little dog's sudden illness.(it作形式主语)
获悉她的小狗得急病后，她感到心神不安。
4．Why is it that you ______________________ there？你到底为什么一直在那里大声喧哗？
5．Her eyes are red.It is obvious that she ________________________________.
她的眼睛红红的，显然哭了很长时间了。
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Carbon dioxide emissions from transportation are now thought as the top source of greenhouse gases.One of the most effective ways to reduce your carbon footprint is to reconsider how much, and how often, you travel.
Going car free for a year could save about 2.6 tons of carbon dioxide, according to a study from the University of British Columbia.How can you stop using a car Try taking a train, bus or better yet, riding a bike.
But let's be realistic.You will likely need to use a car this year.So, when you do, here are some tips to make your trip more climate friendly.Driving efficiently can help to reduce emissions.Go easy on the gas and brakes and drive like you have an egg under your foot.Regularly service your car to keep it more efficient.Keeping your tires pumped correctly can reduce emissions.Low tire pressure will hurt your fuel economy.Air conditioning and frequent city driving can make emissions go up.So cut down on these as often as possible.Use cruise control (定速巡航) on long drives — in most cases, this can help to save gas.Don't weigh your car down with extra things that you don't need on your trip.
Fly often Taking one fewer long round trip flight could reduce your personal carbon footprint significantly.If you use public transportation often and fly less, your carbon footprint might still be relatively sustainable, but if you drive and fly a lot, your emissions will be higher.If you can't avoid flying, you can offset them by donating money to sustainable projects, such as supplying efficient stoves to rural homes, or projects which help farmers deal with crop waste environmentally.
1．What does the author think of going car free
A．Efficient. B．Costly.
C．Impractical. D．Reliable.
2．Which can be adopted to save fuel of your car
A．Maintaining your car properly.
B．Using cruise control in the city.
C．Stepping hard on the gas and brakes.
D．Getting rid of all the necessary loads.
3．What does the underlined word “offset” in the last paragraph mean
A．Make up for. B．Team up with.
C．Set foot in. D．Put up with.
4．Which is the best title for the text
A．How to save fuel when driving cars
B．How to reduce your carbon footprint
C．Reduce carbon footprint by all means
D．Lower carbon footprint in transportation
Ⅱ.语法填空
Spring is the season for new life. In China, the peak time for spring plowing and sowing is around the Qingming Festival, which fell __1__ Thursday this year, when people from all walks of life went out and planted trees __2__ (make) the land greener.
From top leaders to ordinary citizens, __3__ (plant) trees has been a widespread practice for the Chinese, __4__ voluntarily take part in the country's massive greening efforts __5__ (year) to show just how much the world's second largest economy values greenness and ecological conservation.
Since __6__ start of afforestation (植树造林) decades ago, China __7__ (create) the world's largest, planted forests.Thick forests have also become a substantial source of income for __8__ (local)．Last year, the output value of China's forestry and grassland industry reached over 9.2 trillion dollars, while the foreign trade volume of forest products __9__ (be) 149.25 billion dollars.Green development with both ecological and economic benefits is a highlight and distinctive feature of Chinese modernization.
Under a long term plan, China expects to increase its forest __10__ (cover) rate to 26 percent by 2035.By then, China's forest stock volume will rise to 21 billion cubic meters.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你们学校正在开展“花香进校园”活动：一方面开设园艺选修课，让学生了解花的习性；另一方面人人动手实践，用花装扮校园，创建优美的生活学习环境。请你写一封邮件给你的笔友Jim, 介绍此次活动。内容包括：
1．对该活动的简要描述；
2．举例说明该活动对你的影响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
根据提示补全作文，注意本单元语法的使用
Dear Jim，
I hope this email finds you well.For the last two weeks, ①________________________ (我一直在从事……；engage) a unique activity happening at my school, the “Flowers into Campus” activity.
As part of this activity, ②____________________________________________ (我们学校开设了一门园艺选修课)that teaches us about the habits and characteristics of different flowers.③____________________________________________________ (该课程旨在增进我们对植物的了解和欣赏)．Additionally, we are encouraged to ④____________________________ (用鲜花装扮我们的校园) by using our creativity, creating a beautiful and fragrant environment for our learning and living.
Personally, this activity has had a profound impact on me. Not only ⑤____________________________________________ (我不但对植物和园艺了解了很多), but also the activity has taught me the importance of patience, attention to detail, and the appreciation of nature's beauty.
Best regards，
Li Hua
UNIT 6 课时检测(三)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.economy 2.Jungle 3.emissions 4.explore
5．endangered
Ⅱ.1.conservationist 2.operator 3.disturbed 4.amazing
5．in 6.involved 7.have been looking 8.has been writing
9．has been rising 10.have been trying
Ⅲ.1.Help me to pull off 2.has been used up
3．It disturbs/disturbed her to 4.have been talking so loudly
5．has been crying for a long time
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何选择适当的出行方式以降低运输过程中的碳足迹。
1．选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“How can you stop using a car ”和第三段中的“But let's be realistic.You will likely need to use a car this year.”可知，作者认为不使用汽车是不切实际的。
2．选A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Low tire pressure will hurt your fuel economy.”可知，适当的保养汽车可以节省汽车的燃油。
3．选A 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的举例可知，这里是在建议用高效节能的方法来抵消因坐飞机而产生的碳足迹，故画线词offset的意思应该是“抵消，弥补”。
4．选D 标题归纳题。根据第一段提到的“减少碳足迹的最有效方法之一是重新考虑你旅行的次数和频率”以及文章主要讲述如何选择适当的出行方式以降低运输过程中的碳足迹可知，D项“降低交通运输中的碳足迹”为最佳标题。
Ⅱ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是中国植树造林的相关情况以及取得的成就。
1．on 考查介词。设空处为时间状语，在星期前应用介词on表示“在具体的某一天”。
2．to make 考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，所以使用不定式形式，且表示主动意义。
3．planting 考查非谓语动词。设空处作句子的主语，应是动名词形式。
4．who 考查定语从句。设空处为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词the Chinese指的是人，所以使用关系代词who。
5．yearly 考查副词。设空处作状语，应用副词，year的副词为yearly，意为“每年”，符合句意。
6．the 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，start为可数名词单数，设空处应为限定词。结合句意可知，此处表示特指，表示“几十年前植树造林的开始”，故用定冠词。
7．has created 考查谓语动词。设空处为谓语动词，根据Since引导的时间状语可知，此处应使用现在完成时；create与主语China之间为主动关系，且主语是第三人称单数，故填has created。
8．locals 考查名词。设空处为名词作宾语，local意为“当地人”，为可数名词，且空前无限定词，故使用复数形式表泛指。
9．was 考查谓语动词。设空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语Last year可知，此处应使用一般过去时；主语是第三人称单数，故填was。
10．coverage 考查词性转换。句意：根据一项长期计划，中国预计到2035年将森林覆盖率提高到26%。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，cover的名词为coverage “覆盖范围”，为不可数名词。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
①I have been engaging myself in ②our school has opened up an optional gardening course ③The course aims to enhance our understanding and appreciation of plants ④decorate our campus with flowers ⑤have I learned a lot about plants and gardening
