Section Ⅳ “Developing ideas”的课文习读环节
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
1.What is the text mainly about
A.The Great Barrier Reef.
B.Job requirements.
C.The applicant Ben Southall.
D.A tourism advertisement.
2.Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A.An introduction of the Great Barrier Reef.
Para.2 B.The requirements and duties of the job.
Para.3 C.The call for the job attracted interest from all over the world.
Para.4 D.The real meaning of the eye catching job offer.
Para.5 E.How to apply for the job.
Para.6 F.The efforts that Ben made to protect the Great Barrier Reef.
文意深度理解
(一)阅读理解
1.Which is not needed to do for an island caretaker of the Great Barrier Reef
A.Exploring the islands of the reef.
B.Calling on people to raise fund for it.
C.Reporting back via blogs,photo diaries and video updates.
D.Promoting the islands through newspapers,magazines and TV interviews.
[Tip]
用“信息比对”法解题
第1题属于正误判断题,此类题目一般涉及一段内的多个信息点或多段内容,解题时需要将对应的各个信息点一一找到,然后与选项仔细比对,得出正确答案,切忌仅凭主观臆断作答。
2.What is special about the Great Barrier Reef
A.It is the largest living thing on the planet.
B.It has a history of 25 thousand years.
C.It is made up of dead coral.
D.It can be seen from the moon.
3.What problem(s) is/are the Great Barrier Reef faced with
A.Lack of tourists.
B.Natural disasters.
C.Pollution and climate change.
D.Disappearance of the islands.
4.What did Ben mean by saying “not as the ‘best’, but the ‘busiest job in the world’”?
A.He didn't love the job actually.
B.He thought it was a bad job.
C.He wanted to advertise for one to replace him.
D.He meant it was not a simple job.
5.What is the most important thing that we can do for the Great Barrier Reef
A.To work and live on the island.
B.To make people know the beauty there and protect it.
C.To advertise to employ more employees.
D.To give Ben a raise in salary to keep him there.
(二)阅读表达
1.Why did Ben joke that the job should have been advertised as the “busiest job in the world”?
2.Can you think of other creative ways of raising awareness of protecting the reef What are they
内化读文技法
明顺序,悟内涵
本文是一篇事物说明文。事物说明文通常以时间、空间或逻辑顺序展开说明,读文时应重点抓有关时间、空间或逻辑的标志词,以此来梳理文章脉络。本文按照逻辑顺序展开,读文时应注重表示衔接过渡的词、句。扫读文章可以发现,每段的段首句都是承上启下的过渡句,通过这些过渡句便可以梳理出文章的行文脉络。
悟内涵即感悟文本的人文内涵。说明文不只是在单纯地介绍某一事物,同时也借说明事物来传达某一道理。如本文即是借介绍大堡礁看护员这一职务,唤起人们保护环境、保护美丽海洋的意识。
(一)赏用词之妙
1.Key duties include exploring the islands of the reef and finding out what the area has to offer.
赏析:本句中key为熟词生义的用法,在此表示“关键的”。这种用法使词汇的运用更加丰富多样,也增加了表达的灵活性。
2.It was actually a very clever means to highlight the importance of the Great Barrier Reef and the need to protect it.
赏析:句中的highlight为高级词汇,表示“突出;强调;使显著”。本句中highlight有两个宾语:the importance of ...及the need to ...,可灵活翻译为“既突出了大堡礁的重要性,又强调了大堡礁需要人类保护”。
3.In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence.
赏析:本句中,短语In addition to引出了一系列的动作:blogging, taking photos and writing articles以及made a number of appearances,这些动词的连用为四连动,节奏紧凑、形象具体地描绘了Ben为了保护大堡礁所做出的不懈努力。
①These pictures __________________________ the environment protection.
这些图片强调了保护环境的重要性。
②Seeing the boy drowning in the lake that day, he ________________ the lake, ____________ his clothes and ________________ the water.
那天,看到男孩在湖中溺水,他立即冲到湖边,脱掉衣服跳入水中。
(二)赏句式之高
1.The working hours are flexible and accommodation is provided.
赏析:本句话为招聘启事的常用表达,and连接的第二分句中使用了被动语态,句式简洁且突出了表达的重点。被动语态不但能突出要强调的内容(主语),而且有助于上下文保持主语一致,从而使行文流畅连贯。
2.Located off the coast of North east Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is the largest living thing on the planet.
赏析:本句中使用了过去分词短语Located ...作状语,在此处不表示被动,而重在描述主语的状态。该结构是描述地理位置时的常用表达,此外,介绍地理位置时还可以用lie, sit, stand等。
①When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, ________________________.
当中国队备战2015年世界杯时,她的决心受到了考验。
②________________________________, Qingdao is a very attractive city.位于中国东部沿海,青岛是一座极具吸引力的城市。
(三)赏衔接之顺
Whether it was a genuine job offer or an eye catching marketing event isn't really important.The most important thing was that people all over the world became aware of the beauty of the ocean in the area.What's more, they came to understand the delicate balance that the environment exists in and what can, and must, be done to protect the reef.That way, it will remain a safe habitat for wildlife, as well as a dream destination for the millions of tourists who visit it each year.
赏析:本段第二句以“The most important thing was that ...”开头,照应了前一句结尾处的isn't really important;第三、四句的开头分别使用了What's more, That way, 逐层递进,将大堡礁招聘活动背后的意义诠释得淋漓尽致。这些衔接词、句的使用使得本段在整个行文结构上浑然一体、逻辑缜密,同时又条理清晰、自然流畅。
________________________________ studying in the library provided me with a quiet environment. ________________, there were so many excellent students sitting around me. ____________, I felt the great motivation to move on.
(四)赏描摹之韵
1.(文章导入)How would you like to spend six months living on an island and looking after the Great Barrier Reef
赏析:本文为文章首句,以问句形式开头,有利于吸引读者的注意力,调动阅读兴趣。
2.(写作手法)About the size of Japan, it even can be seen from outer space.
赏析:本句使用了作比较的写作手法,通过与日本的国土面积相比,形象直观地说明了大堡礁面积之广。
①“____________________________________” Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space.
“我们是孤家寡人吗?外面还有什么呢?”仰望星空,人们一直想要更加深刻地认识太空。
②With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is ____________________________.亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米,比中国国土面积的一半还要大。
Section Ⅳ
NO.1 精阅读
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.①looking after ②find out ③Promote the islands
④a short video ⑤wrote articles ⑥presenter
Ⅱ.1.B 2.Paras.1~6 BCAEFD
文意深度理解
(一)1~5 BACDB
(二)1.Because Ben did a lot of things during his time as an island caretaker, for example, blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef.
2.Yes.I can. We can make some short videos about the reef to recommend them to other people. These short videos can include the knowledge of the reef, its living conditions, advice on how to protect it, and so on. We can also encourage more people to work together to protect the environment by offering rewards or gifts.
NO.2 美表达
(一)①highlight(ed) the importance of
②rushed immediately to; took off; jumped into
(二)①her determination was tested
②Located on the eastern coast of China
(三)The most important thing was that; What's more; That way
(四)①Are we alone What's out there
②more than half the size of China(共55张PPT)
Section Ⅳ
“Developing ideas”的课文习读环节
NO 1
精阅读/提升阅读“理解力”
NO 2
美表达/强化写作“基本功”
NO 3
课时跟踪检测
目 录
No.1 精阅读/提升阅读“理解力”
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
文意整体把握
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
1.What is the text mainly about
A.The Great Barrier Reef.
B.Job requirements.
C.The applicant Ben Southall.
D.A tourism advertisement.
√
2.Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A.An introduction of the Great Barrier Reef.
Para.2 B.The requirements and duties of the job.
Para.3 C.The call for the job attracted interest from all over the world.
Para.4 D.The real meaning of the eye-catching job offer.
Para.5 E.How to apply for the job.
Para.6 F.The efforts that Ben made to protect the Great Barrier Reef.
答案:Paras.1~6 BCAEFD
(一)阅读理解
1.Which is not needed to do for an island caretaker of the Great Barrier Reef
A.Exploring the islands of the reef.
B.Calling on people to raise fund for it.
C.Reporting back via blogs,photo diaries and video updates.
D.Promoting the islands through newspapers,magazines and TV interviews.
文意深度理解
√
[Tip]
用“信息比对”法解题
第1题属于正误判断题,此类题目一般涉及一段内的多个信息点或多段内容,解题时需要将对应的各个信息点一一找到,然后与选项仔细比对,得出正确答案,切忌仅凭主观臆断作答。
2.What is special about the Great Barrier Reef
A.It is the largest living thing on the planet.
B.It has a history of 25 thousand years.
C.It is made up of dead coral.
D.It can be seen from the moon.
√
3.What problem(s) is/are the Great Barrier Reef faced with
A.Lack of tourists.
B.Natural disasters.
C.Pollution and climate change.
D.Disappearance of the islands.
√
4.What did Ben mean by saying “not as the ‘best’,but the ‘busiest job in the world’”?
A.He didn't love the job actually.
B.He thought it was a bad job.
C.He wanted to advertise for one to replace him.
D.He meant it was not a simple job.
√
5.What is the most important thing that we can do for the Great Barrier Reef
A.To work and live on the island.
B.To make people know the beauty there and protect it.
C.To advertise to employ more employees.
D.To give Ben a raise in salary to keep him there.
√
(二)阅读表达
1.Why did Ben joke that the job should have been advertised as the “busiest job in the world”?
Because Ben did a lot of things during his time as an island caretaker, for example, blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef.
2.Can you think of other creative ways of raising awareness of protecting the reef What are they
Yes.I can. We can make some short videos about the reef to recommend them to other people. These short videos can include the knowledge of the reef, its living conditions, advice on how to protect it, and so on. We can also encourage more people to work together to protect the environment by offering rewards or gifts.
明顺序,悟内涵
本文是一篇事物说明文。事物说明文通常以时间、空间或逻辑顺序展开说明,读文时应重点抓有关时间、空间或逻辑的标志词,以此来梳理文章脉络。本文按照逻辑顺序展开,读文时应注重表示衔接过渡的词、句。扫读文章可以发现,每段的段首句都是承上启下的过渡句,通过这些过渡句便可以梳理出文章的行文脉络。
内化读文技法
悟内涵即感悟文本的人文内涵。说明文不只是在单纯地介绍某一事物,同时也借说明事物来传达某一道理。如本文即是借介绍大堡礁看护员这一职务,唤起人们保护环境、保护美丽海洋的意识。
No.2 美表达/强化写作“基本功”
(一)赏用词之妙
1.Key duties include exploring the islands of the reef and finding out what the area has to offer.
赏析:本句中key为熟词生义的用法,在此表示“关键的”。这种用法使词汇的运用更加丰富多样,也增加了表达的灵活性。
2.It was actually a very clever means to highlight the importance of the Great Barrier Reef and the need to protect it.
赏析:句中的highlight为高级词汇,表示“突出;强调;使显著”。本句中highlight有两个宾语:the importance of ...及the need to ...,可灵活翻译为“既突出了大堡礁的重要性,又强调了大堡礁需要人类保护”。
3.In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence.
赏析:本句中,短语In addition to引出了一系列的动作:blogging, taking photos and writing articles以及made a number of appearances,这些动词的连用为四连动,节奏紧凑、形象具体地描绘了Ben为了保护大堡礁所做出的不懈努力。
①These pictures _____________________________ the environment protection.
这些图片强调了保护环境的重要性。
②Seeing the boy drowning in the lake that day, he __________
_____________ the lake, ________ his clothes and ___________ the water.
那天,看到男孩在湖中溺水,他立即冲到湖边,脱掉衣服跳入水中。
仿写训练/完成句子
highlight(ed) the importance of
rushed
immediately to
took off
jumped into
(二)赏句式之高
1.The working hours are flexible and accommodation is provided.
赏析:本句话为招聘启事的常用表达,and连接的第二分句中使用了被动语态,句式简洁且突出了表达的重点。被动语态不但能突出要强调的内容(主语),而且有助于上下文保持主语一致,从而使行文流畅连贯。
2.Located off the coast of North-east Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is the largest living thing on the planet.
赏析:本句中使用了过去分词短语Located ...作状语,在此处不表示被动,而重在描述主语的状态。该结构是描述地理位置时的常用表达,此外,介绍地理位置时还可以用lie, sit, stand等。
仿写训练/完成句子
①When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, ____________________________.
当中国队备战2015年世界杯时,她的决心受到了考验。
②___________________________________, Qingdao is a very attractive city.
位于中国东部沿海,青岛是一座极具吸引力的城市。
her determination was tested
Located on the eastern coast of China
(三)赏衔接之顺
Whether it was a genuine job offer or an eye-catching marketing event isn't really important.The most important thing was that people all over the world became aware of the beauty of the ocean in the area.What's more, they came to understand the delicate balance that the environment exists in and what can, and must, be done to protect the reef.That way, it will remain a safe habitat for wildlife, as well as a dream destination for the millions of tourists who visit it each year.
赏析:本段第二句以“The most important thing was that ...”开头,照应了前一句结尾处的isn't really important;第三、四句的开头分别使用了What's more, That way, 逐层递进,将大堡礁招聘活动背后的意义诠释得淋漓尽致。这些衔接词、句的使用使得本段在整个行文结构上浑然一体、逻辑缜密,同时又条理清晰、自然流畅。
________________________________ studying in the library provided me with a quiet environment._____________, there were so many excellent students sitting around me.__________, I felt the great motivation to move on.
仿写训练/用上述衔接词完成片段写作
The most important thing was that
What's more
That way
(四)赏描摹之韵
1.(文章导入)How would you like to spend six months living on an island and looking after the Great Barrier Reef
赏析:本文为文章首句,以问句形式开头,有利于吸引读者的注意力,调动阅读兴趣。
2.(写作手法)About the size of Japan, it even can be seen from outer space.
赏析:本句使用了作比较的写作手法,通过与日本的国土面积相比,形象直观地说明了大堡礁面积之广。
①“______________________________” Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space.
“我们是孤家寡人吗?外面还有什么呢?”仰望星空,人们一直想要更加深刻地认识太空。
②With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is _____________________________.亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米,比中国国土面积的一半还要大。
仿写训练/运用恰当的写作手法完成句子
Are we alone What's out there?
more than half the size of China
No.3 课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Growing up in Canterbury, Scartozzi recalls swimming in rivers as part of her childhood.When she returned many years later, however, she noticed things had changed.“Some of the places where I could swim before now have signs saying ‘polluted water, do not swim’,” she says.“I wanted to take my kids to places to swim but we couldn't because these signs were up.”
Although the experience was sad and surprising, it has also served as fuel for Scartozzi, who's now focusing on restoring the health of waterways.Her company is developing technology to remove pollutants from waterways such as rivers, ponds and streams.It involves feeding polluted water into a system housing microbes (微生物) that eat or break up the pollutants.
The “engineered” nature of the technology, Scartozzi explains, means it's adaptable for different environment conditions.Each system can be personalized with its own unique “soup” of microbes to remove the pollutants in any waterway where it is installed (安装).
Other advantages of the technology, she says, are that it can process water relatively quickly and that it can be used to treat waterways in a variety of sizes and locations.
She says she hopes to create cleaner water for the benefit of future generations.“My passion is around restoring the health of these waterways.And my purpose is to do anything that I can to return them to their former condition.That's what drives me every day.If I can do anything, it is creating cleaner water so that in the future, my kids and grandchildren have somewhere where they can go swimming and fishing.”
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。Scartozzi注意到河水受到污染后,带动自己的公司研发高科技,把清理河道的污染物、净化水域作为自己的使命。
1.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A.Scartozzi and her kids were fond of swimming.
B.The experience inspired Scartozzi to clean up waterways.
C.Waterways in the world were unsuitable for swimming.
D.The company focuses on the development of the technology.
√
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although the experience was sad and surprising, it has also served as fuel for Scartozzi, who's now focusing on restoring the health of waterways.”可知,尽管这段经历令人悲伤和惊讶,但是它为Scartozzi提供了动力,她现在的任务是恢复水道的健康。
2.What is one advantage of the technology
A.It is convenient and economic.
B.It can be used in limited waterways.
C.It functions slowly but effectively.
D.Its system is flexible and efficient.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The ‘engineered’ nature ...means it's adaptable for different environment conditions.”以及第四段内容可知,这项技术的系统灵活、高效。
√
3.What is the goal of Scartozzi
A.To introduce her company.
B.To swim and fish in the river.
C.To regain healthy waterways.
D.To educate future generations.
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“My passion is around restoring the health of these waterways ...to their former condition.”可知,Scartozzi的目标是恢复这些水道的健康。
√
4.Which of the following can best describe Scartozzi
A.Energetic. B.Curious.
C.Outgoing. D.Responsible.
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If I can do anything ...my kids and grandchildren have somewhere where they can go swimming and fishing ”可知,Scartozzi是为了让孩子们将来有地方去游泳和钓鱼,是出于造福社会的目的去做这些事的,这是她有社会责任感的表现。
√
B
If we continue at our current production rate, the World Economic Forum predicts that by 2050 there will be more plastic than fish in the ocean.Today, there is a garbage island three times the size of France floating in the Pacific Ocean.However, in her presentation last week, Alexandra Cousteau, a world-renowned environmental advocate, offered a small sign of hope.
Cousteau's talk, titled “Telling the Story of Our Water Planet:Innovation in Filmmaking and Social Media to Effect Environmental Change”, focused on using innovation and technology to create environmental solutions with a focus on restoration rather than preservation.She described our current approach to conservation as a “zero-sum game (零和博弈)” between environmentalists and economists.An endangered species habitat can either be protected or developed; a polluted stream can either be cleaned or left to deteriorate (恶化).Both teams are on the defensive, yet playing a losing game.
In the 1970s, the environmentalist movement focused on conservation efforts.Cousteau said, “It was an effective tool then when plastics were young.But we have lost 50% of our oceanic ecosystems since 1950.Conservation is no longer enough.”Cousteau urges us to create biological richness for the creatures still living in the sea.
Throughout her speech, Cousteau discussed the challenges facing our oceans and the solutions lying at our fingertips.She explained the power of seaweed farming to sequester (隔离) carbon.She talked of 3D printing coral reefs.Most of all, she focused on the youths and our amazing power for driving practical change.
Cousteau said, however, there are challenges in the mission.Ocean conservation has inequalities in its approach and implementation.Though the science exists, lawmakers need to employ these solutions efficiently and equitably, which is far easier said than done.Despite these obstacles, Cousteau's message gave hope.
Modern environmentalism is no longer the work of a few, but the work of many dedicated individuals with a common vision for change.Together, we can regain hope and rebuild our oceans.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。世界经济论坛预测,到2050年,海洋中的塑料将比鱼类更多。现代环保主义不再是少数人的工作,我们要一起努力,重建我们的海洋。
5.Why is the World Economic Forum's prediction mentioned
A.To share environmental solutions.
B.To tell the content of Cousteau's talk.
C.To show the serious result of oceanic garbage.
D.To show our current dangerous living condition.
解析:推理判断题。由文章第一段前两句可知,文章提及世界经济论坛的预测是为了引出本篇文章的主题——海洋中的塑料污染问题很严重。
√
6.What does Cousteau want to express through the “zero-sum game”?
A.The failure of protecting the environment.
B.People's awareness of protecting the Earth.
C.The success of the environmentalist movement.
D.People's creative solution to protecting the Earth.
解析:推理判断题。由文章第二段第二、三、四句可知,提及zero-sum game (零和博弈)是为了说明未能成功保护环境。“零和博弈”在此处指环保主义者和经济学家之间的努力相抵消。
√
7.What does Cousteau think of the environmentalist movement in the 1970s
A.It should be continued.
B.It should be prevented now.
C.It was useful for biological richness.
D.It was good but no longer that effective now.
解析:推理判断题。由文章第三段可知,Cousteau 认为在20世纪70年代的环保运动曾经有效,但现在保护力度已经不够了。
√
8.What can we know about Cousteau from the text
A.Her goal is difficult to achieve.
B.Her focus on the youths' efforts is wrong.
C.She will rebuild the ocean by herself in the future.
D.She believes in the present ways to protect the ocean.
解析:细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二、三段内容及其中的关键词“challenges”可知,目前面临着许多挑战,所以她的目标比较难实现。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
There has been a very serious decline in the numbers of shallow-water fish as a result of overfishing.People still want to eat fish, so the fishing industry must look at other sources, especially the deep waters of the Atlantic. 9
Conservation measures will have to be put in place if these deep-sea fish are to survive.Research on five such species shows that their numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent. 10 Many species could well disappear completely if the present trend continues.These are species that have been swimming in our oceans for hundreds of millions of years.
The problem is emphasised by the fact that the decline in numbers happened in less than twenty years.Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years. 11 The average size of such fish also declined, with one species showing a 57 percent decline in average size.This is of particular concern, as large fish tend to produce more offspring than small ones.
12 The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding (快速繁殖) fish like sardine and herring (鲱鱼).It is like killing elephants as if they reproduced at the same rate as rabbits.
The damage done by overfishing goes beyond the sea environment.Millions of people make a living in the fishing industry. 13 Measures must be taken to not only conserve ecosystems, but also sustain livelihoods and ensure food security.
A.Billions of people rely on fish for protein.
B.Many people now choose not to eat deep-sea fish.
C.Unfortunately, their reproduction rate is very low.
D.This puts them in the category of “critically endangered”.
E.None of these facts has been taken into account by the fishing industry.
F.Overfishing is a major cause of decline in populations of ocean wildlife.
G.This has resulted in a sharp decline in the numbers of many of the species caught.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了过度捕捞深海鱼群的危害,并呼吁采取保护措施。
9.选G 根据上文语境可知,过度捕捞导致淡水鱼的数量急剧下降,捕渔业转而捕捞深海鱼。由此推知,深海鱼的数量也会骤减,故G项符合语境。
10.选D 根据下文“Many species could well disappear completely if the present trend continues.”可知,按现在的趋势发展下去,被列为“极度濒危”的物种就会完全消失。D项中的them指代上句中的five such species和下句中的Many species。
11.选C 根据上文“Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years.”可知,深海鱼需要很长时间才能繁殖。C项“它们的繁殖率非常低”承接上文,同时引出下文内容:鱼的个头也在下降。
12.选 E 空处位于段首,承上启下;两段都讲到深海鱼,内容上存在连贯性和一致性。上一段讲到深海鱼繁殖率低、个头变小等事实,E项“这些事实没有被考虑进去”承接上文,其中的these facts指代上文讲述的事实,且能引出下文。
13.选 A 下一句“Measures must be taken to not only conserve ecosystems, but also sustain livelihoods and ensure food security.”阐述的是需要采取的措施,空处应讨论采取这些措施的原因,且与livelihoods and ensure food security相关,A项“数以亿计的人们依赖于鱼蛋白”符合语境。UNIT 6 课时检测(四) “Developing ideas”的课文习读环节
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Growing up in Canterbury, Scartozzi recalls swimming in rivers as part of her childhood.When she returned many years later, however, she noticed things had changed.“Some of the places where I could swim before now have signs saying ‘polluted water, do not swim’,” she says.“I wanted to take my kids to places to swim but we couldn't because these signs were up.”
Although the experience was sad and surprising, it has also served as fuel for Scartozzi, who's now focusing on restoring the health of waterways.Her company is developing technology to remove pollutants from waterways such as rivers, ponds and streams.It involves feeding polluted water into a system housing microbes (微生物) that eat or break up the pollutants.
The “engineered” nature of the technology, Scartozzi explains, means it's adaptable for different environment conditions.Each system can be personalized with its own unique “soup” of microbes to remove the pollutants in any waterway where it is installed (安装).
Other advantages of the technology, she says, are that it can process water relatively quickly and that it can be used to treat waterways in a variety of sizes and locations.
She says she hopes to create cleaner water for the benefit of future generations.“My passion is around restoring the health of these waterways.And my purpose is to do anything that I can to return them to their former condition.That's what drives me every day.If I can do anything, it is creating cleaner water so that in the future, my kids and grandchildren have somewhere where they can go swimming and fishing.”
1.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A.Scartozzi and her kids were fond of swimming.
B.The experience inspired Scartozzi to clean up waterways.
C.Waterways in the world were unsuitable for swimming.
D.The company focuses on the development of the technology.
2.What is one advantage of the technology
A.It is convenient and economic.
B.It can be used in limited waterways.
C.It functions slowly but effectively.
D.Its system is flexible and efficient.
3.What is the goal of Scartozzi
A.To introduce her company.
B.To swim and fish in the river.
C.To regain healthy waterways.
D.To educate future generations.
4.Which of the following can best describe Scartozzi
A.Energetic. B.Curious.
C.Outgoing. D.Responsible.
B
If we continue at our current production rate, the World Economic Forum predicts that by 2050 there will be more plastic than fish in the ocean.Today, there is a garbage island three times the size of France floating in the Pacific Ocean.However, in her presentation last week, Alexandra Cousteau, a world renowned environmental advocate, offered a small sign of hope.
Cousteau's talk, titled “Telling the Story of Our Water Planet:Innovation in Filmmaking and Social Media to Effect Environmental Change”, focused on using innovation and technology to create environmental solutions with a focus on restoration rather than preservation.She described our current approach to conservation as a “zero sum game (零和博弈)” between environmentalists and economists.An endangered species habitat can either be protected or developed; a polluted stream can either be cleaned or left to deteriorate (恶化).Both teams are on the defensive, yet playing a losing game.
In the 1970s, the environmentalist movement focused on conservation efforts.Cousteau said, “It was an effective tool then when plastics were young.But we have lost 50% of our oceanic ecosystems since 1950.Conservation is no longer enough.”Cousteau urges us to create biological richness for the creatures still living in the sea.
Throughout her speech, Cousteau discussed the challenges facing our oceans and the solutions lying at our fingertips.She explained the power of seaweed farming to sequester (隔离) carbon.She talked of 3D printing coral reefs.Most of all, she focused on the youths and our amazing power for driving practical change.
Cousteau said, however, there are challenges in the mission.Ocean conservation has inequalities in its approach and implementation.Though the science exists, lawmakers need to employ these solutions efficiently and equitably, which is far easier said than done.Despite these obstacles, Cousteau's message gave hope.
Modern environmentalism is no longer the work of a few, but the work of many dedicated individuals with a common vision for change.Together, we can regain hope and rebuild our oceans.
5.Why is the World Economic Forum's prediction mentioned
A.To share environmental solutions.
B.To tell the content of Cousteau's talk.
C.To show the serious result of oceanic garbage.
D.To show our current dangerous living condition.
6.What does Cousteau want to express through the “zero sum game”?
A.The failure of protecting the environment.
B.People's awareness of protecting the Earth.
C.The success of the environmentalist movement.
D.People's creative solution to protecting the Earth.
7.What does Cousteau think of the environmentalist movement in the 1970s
A.It should be continued.
B.It should be prevented now.
C.It was useful for biological richness.
D.It was good but no longer that effective now.
8.What can we know about Cousteau from the text
A.Her goal is difficult to achieve.
B.Her focus on the youths' efforts is wrong.
C.She will rebuild the ocean by herself in the future.
D.She believes in the present ways to protect the ocean.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
There has been a very serious decline in the numbers of shallow water fish as a result of overfishing.People still want to eat fish, so the fishing industry must look at other sources, especially the deep waters of the Atlantic.__9__
Conservation measures will have to be put in place if these deep sea fish are to survive.Research on five such species shows that their numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent.__10__ Many species could well disappear completely if the present trend continues.These are species that have been swimming in our oceans for hundreds of millions of years.
The problem is emphasised by the fact that the decline in numbers happened in less than twenty years.Deep sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years.__11__ The average size of such fish also declined, with one species showing a 57 percent decline in average size.This is of particular concern, as large fish tend to produce more offspring than small ones.
__12__ The deep sea species have been caught as if they were the fast breeding (快速繁殖) fish like sardine and herring (鲱鱼).It is like killing elephants as if they reproduced at the same rate as rabbits.
The damage done by overfishing goes beyond the sea environment.Millions of people make a living in the fishing industry.__13__ Measures must be taken to not only conserve ecosystems, but also sustain livelihoods and ensure food security.
A.Billions of people rely on fish for protein.
B.Many people now choose not to eat deep sea fish.
C.Unfortunately, their reproduction rate is very low.
D.This puts them in the category of “critically endangered”.
E.None of these facts has been taken into account by the fishing industry.
F.Overfishing is a major cause of decline in populations of ocean wildlife.
G.This has resulted in a sharp decline in the numbers of many of the species caught.
UNIT 6 课时检测(四)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。Scartozzi注意到河水受到污染后,带动自己的公司研发高科技,把清理河道的污染物、净化水域作为自己的使命。
1.选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although the experience was sad and surprising, it has also served as fuel for Scartozzi, who's now focusing on restoring the health of waterways.”可知,尽管这段经历令人悲伤和惊讶,但是它为Scartozzi提供了动力,她现在的任务是恢复水道的健康。
2.选D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The ‘engineered’ nature ...means it's adaptable for different environment conditions.”以及第四段内容可知,这项技术的系统灵活、高效。
3.选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“My passion is around restoring the health of these waterways ...to their former condition.”可知,Scartozzi的目标是恢复这些水道的健康。
4.选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If I can do anything ...my kids and grandchildren have somewhere where they can go swimming and fishing ”可知,Scartozzi是为了让孩子们将来有地方去游泳和钓鱼,是出于造福社会的目的去做这些事的,这是她有社会责任感的表现。
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。世界经济论坛预测,到2050年,海洋中的塑料将比鱼类更多。现代环保主义不再是少数人的工作,我们要一起努力,重建我们的海洋。
5.选C 推理判断题。由文章第一段前两句可知,文章提及世界经济论坛的预测是为了引出本篇文章的主题——海洋中的塑料污染问题很严重。
6.选A 推理判断题。由文章第二段第二、三、四句可知,提及zero sum game (零和博弈)是为了说明未能成功保护环境。“零和博弈”在此处指环保主义者和经济学家之间的努力相抵消。
7.选D 推理判断题。由文章第三段可知,Cousteau 认为在20世纪70年代的环保运动曾经有效,但现在保护力度已经不够了。
8.选A 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二、三段内容及其中的关键词“challenges”可知,目前面临着许多挑战,所以她的目标比较难实现。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了过度捕捞深海鱼群的危害,并呼吁采取保护措施。
9.选G 根据上文语境可知,过度捕捞导致淡水鱼的数量急剧下降,捕渔业转而捕捞深海鱼。由此推知,深海鱼的数量也会骤减,故G项符合语境。
10.选D 根据下文“Many species could well disappear completely if the present trend continues.”可知,按现在的趋势发展下去,被列为“极度濒危”的物种就会完全消失。D项中的them指代上句中的five such species和下句中的Many species。
11.选C 根据上文“Deep sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years.”可知,深海鱼需要很长时间才能繁殖。C项“它们的繁殖率非常低”承接上文,同时引出下文内容:鱼的个头也在下降。
12.选E 空处位于段首,承上启下;两段都讲到深海鱼,内容上存在连贯性和一致性。上一段讲到深海鱼繁殖率低、个头变小等事实,E项“这些事实没有被考虑进去”承接上文,其中的these facts指代上文讲述的事实,且能引出下文。
13.选A 下一句“Measures must be taken to not only conserve ecosystems, but also sustain livelihoods and ensure food security.”阐述的是需要采取的措施,空处应讨论采取这些措施的原因,且与livelihoods and ensure food security相关,A项“数以亿计的人们依赖于鱼蛋白”符合语境。