Section Ⅲ Learning About Language
语法项目——动词 ing形式作宾语和表语
A popular trend at present is spreading traditional Chinese culture①.Many foreigners enjoy learning Chinese②.To understand China better, they prefer traveling around China③ to learning on the Internet④.As Chinese high school students, we should spend more time in practising our spoken English⑤ and devote ourselves to popularizing our wonderful culture to the world⑥.
[语法入门]
①动词 ing形式的短语spreading traditional Chinese culture作表语；
②动词 ing形式的短语learning Chinese作enjoy的宾语；
③动词 ing形式的短语traveling around China作prefer的宾语；
④动词 ing形式的短语learning on the Internet作to的宾语；
⑤动词 ing形式的短语practising our spoken English作in的宾语；
⑥动词 ing形式的短语popularizing our wonderful culture to the world作to的宾语。
[语境自主感知]
①(教材典句)The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.
②(教材典句)However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany，as it is not considered polite.
③(教材典句)Elsewhere，people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else.
④(教材典句)A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.
⑤(教材典句)Perhaps the best example is smiling.
⑥(教材典句)Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.
⑦Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.
[我的发现]
以上例句中的加黑部分为动词 ing形式(短语)，其中在句中作宾语的有：句__________；作表语的有：句__________。
[语法规则点拨]
一、动词 ing形式作宾语
动词 ing形式作宾语只能用动名词形式。动名词既可作介词的宾语，也可作动词的宾语。
1．作介词的宾语
(1)介词后需用动名词作宾语。“动词(＋名词/副词)＋介词”结构、“名词＋介词”结构、“形容词＋介词”结构后常用动名词作宾语。这类结构有admit to, be/get/become used to, be equal to, devote ...to, get down to, look forward to, object to, stick to, take to, see to, lead to等。
He objected to changing his job.
他反对换工作。
There's still no hope of winning the game.
仍然没有赢得比赛的希望。
He was fond of speaking French.
他喜欢讲法语。
(2)动词 ing形式作宾语时，前面省掉介词的情况
spend ... (in) doing sth. 花费……做某事
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事方面有困难/麻烦
stop/prevent ... (from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事
waste time (in) doing sth. 浪费时间做某事
be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事
have a good/hard time (in) doing sth. 做某事很高兴/费了很大劲
He is usually busy (in) managing his shop. 他通常忙于经营商店。
2．作动词的宾语
常接动词 ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆：
避免错过少延期 avoid, miss, postpone
建议完成多练习 advise/suggest, finish, practise
喜欢想象禁不住 enjoy, imagine, can't help
承认否定与嫉妒 admit, deny, envy
逃避冒险莫原谅 escape, risk, excuse
忍受保持不介意 stand, keep, mind
Would you mind opening the window
你介意打开窗子吗？
I don't like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio.
我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。
He tried to avoid answering my questions.
他试图对我的问题避而不答。
3．某些动词及动词短语后面既可以用不定式也可以用动词 ing形式作宾语
(1)start, begin, continue等动词后，既可接动词 ing也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。
They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.
他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。
(2)在love, hate, prefer, like等动词后接动词 ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，接不定式作宾语指具体的动作。
He preferred staying in the house when it rained.
下雨时他宁愿待在家里。(用动词 ing形式作宾语，指每逢下雨天经常待在家里。)
I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.
今天下午我宁愿待在家里。(用动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午待在家里这一具体的动作。)
(3)有些动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词 ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。常见的有：
动词 宾语的形式 意义
forget to do 忘记做……
doing 忘记做过……
remember to do 记着要去做……
doing 记得做过……
regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做……
doing 后悔做了……
try to do 尽力做……
doing 尝试做……
mean to do 打算做……
doing 意味着做……
stop to do 停下来去做(另外一件事)
doing 停止做(同一件事)
go on to do 接着做(另外一件事)
doing 接着做(同一件事)
Please remember to give my best regards to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。
I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.
我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。
(4)在allow, advise, forbid, permit等动词后可直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow/advise/forbid/permit＋名词/代词＋不定式(宾语补足语)”形式。
Our teacher does not allow cheating to go unpunished.
我们的老师不允许作弊行为不受到惩罚。
He did not allow himself to be too upset by the news.
他没有因为这个消息而使自己过于难过。
(5)动词need, require, want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。
The problem requires dealing with/to be dealt with immediately.
这个问题需要马上处理。
[对点练]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)After __________ (enjoy)the beautiful park, I began to bury myself in drawing a clear pond with trees reflected in it.
②(2025·浙江1月高考)“I really want to make this work for people's lives today, and I know that doesn't always mean __________ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says.
③I often practise ____________ (listen) and __________ (speak)．
④The boy was lucky to escape ____________ (punish)．
(2)完成句子
⑤(2023·浙江1月高考写作)My head went blank. I ________________________ at the prospect of our precious friendship.
我的脑袋一片空白。一想到我们珍贵的友谊，我就忍不住想念她。
⑥(2024·浙江1月高考写作)Determined to conquer her fear of ____________________， Eva applied the same strategy.
决心克服在学校迷路的恐惧，伊娃采用了同样的策略。
(3)对比填空
⑦He likes ______________ but he doesn't like __________ this afternoon.(swim)
(4)一句多译
⑧这个问题值得讨论。(deserve)
→______________________________________________________________________
→______________________________________________________________________
二、动词 ing形式作表语
作表语的动词 ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。
1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。这类现在分词有“令人……的”含义，常修饰物。常见的有：moving, exciting, interesting, encouraging, inspiring, boring, surprising, puzzling, amusing, astonishing等。
The argument is very convincing.
这个论点很令人信服。
The news that you will come to China this summer vacation is exciting.
这个暑假你要来中国的消息是令人兴奋的。
[名师点津] 不定式和动词 ed形式也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作，动词 ed形式则表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。
2．动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.
她的工作是尽可能地使报告厅保持干净。
[对点练]
(1)试判断下列句中动词 ing形式的类型：
A．动名词 B．现在分词
①My hobby is collecting stamps.__________
②What you said is really inspiring.__________
③What I am tired of is waiting here alone.__________
(2)对比翻译
④他的工作是粉刷墙。
__________________________________________________________________________
⑤他的工作将是粉刷这面墙。
__________________________________________________________________________
三、动名词的复合结构
动名词的复合结构作宾语和表语有四种形式：
1．形容词性物主代词＋动名词；2.名词's＋动名词；3.代词宾格＋动名词；4.名词＋动名词。
What made all of us worried was his/Jack's not getting to the station on time.
他/杰克没有准时到车站让我们所有人都很担心。
Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now
你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Many people have suggested __________ (set) up more theme parks to protect rare animals.
2．By comparison，his worst habit is ________ (smoke) while having dinner.
3．All the educators try their best to prevent the students from ______________ (appeal) to online games.
4．I still remember ______________ (employ) by the company for the first time.
5．What made her parents proud was her ______________ (admit) to her dream university.
6．We employed ourselves in __________ (prepare) for the coming exam.
7．I had to acknowledge that what you said was really __________ (inspire)．
8．What the journalist said at the meeting sounded more __________ (convince)．
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．I am __________________________________ at your convenience. (look forward to)
我期待在您方便的时候早日收到您的回复。
2．He __________________________ along the Silk Road since he retired.(dream of)
自从他退休以来他就一直梦想着沿丝绸之路旅行。
3．Do you ______________________________ for a walk with me after supper (feel like)
晚饭后你想和我一起出去散步吗？
4．What made things worse was ____________________ from the meeting. (doing作表语)
让事情更糟糕的是她缺席了那次会议。
5．One of his tasks is ________________________________ for the climbing.(doing作表语)
他的任务之一就是为爬山准备一些食物和饮用水。
6．I was _______________________________ so many difficulties.(be grateful to sb. for ...)
我很感激您帮助我克服了如此多的困难。
7．I ________________________ with so few clothes on.(can't help)
穿这么少的衣服我禁不住打起哆嗦来。
Section Ⅲ
学案中理清
[我的发现] ②③⑥ ①④⑤⑦
一、[对点练] ①enjoying ②returning ③listening; speaking ④being punished ⑤couldn't help missing her
⑥getting lost in the school ⑦swimming; to swim
⑧The question deserved discussing.；
The question deserved to be discussed.
二、[对点练] ①A ②B ③A ④His job is painting walls. ⑤His job is to paint the wall.
应用中融通
Ⅰ.1.setting 2.smoking 3.being appealed 4.being employed
5．being admitted 6.preparing 7.inspiring 8.convincing
Ⅱ.1.looking forward to receiving your early reply
2．has been dreaming of traveling 3.feel like going out
4．her being absent
5．preparing some food and drinking water
6．grateful to you for helping me overcome
7．couldn't help shaking
1 / 6(共65张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Learning About Language
语法项目——动词-ing形式作宾语和表语
语境中体悟
学案中理清
应用中融通
课时跟踪检测
Contents 目录
01
02
03
04
01
语境中体悟
A popular trend at present is spreading traditional Chinese culture①.Many foreigners enjoy learning Chinese②.To understand China better, they prefer traveling around China③ to learning on the Internet④.As Chinese high school students, we should spend more time in practising our spoken English⑤ and devote ourselves to popularizing our wonderful culture to the world⑥.
[语法入门]
①动词-ing形式的短语spreading traditional Chinese culture作表语；
②动词-ing形式的短语learning Chinese作enjoy的宾语；
③动词-ing形式的短语traveling around China作prefer的宾语；
④动词-ing形式的短语learning on the Internet作to的宾语；
⑤动词-ing形式的短语practising our spoken English作in的宾语；
⑥动词-ing形式的短语popularizing our wonderful culture to the world作to的宾语。
02
学案中理清
[语境自主感知]
①(教材典句)The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.
②(教材典句)However，you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany，as it is not considered polite.
③(教材典句)Elsewhere，people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else.
④(教材典句)A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.
⑤(教材典句)Perhaps the best example is smiling.
⑥(教材典句)Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.
⑦Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.
[我的发现]
以上例句中的加黑部分为动词-ing形式(短语)，其中在句中作宾语的有：句________；作表语的有：句__________ 。
②③⑥
①④⑤⑦
[语法规则点拨]
一、动词-ing形式作宾语
动词-ing形式作宾语只能用动名词形式。动名词既可作介词的宾语，也可作动词的宾语。
1．作介词的宾语
(1)介词后需用动名词作宾语。“动词(＋名词/副词)＋介词”结构、“名词＋介词”结构、“形容词＋介词”结构后常用动名词作宾语。这类结构有admit to, be/get/become used to, be equal to, devote ...to, get down to, look forward to, object to, stick to, take to, see to, lead to等。
He objected to changing his job.
他反对换工作。
There's still no hope of winning the game.
仍然没有赢得比赛的希望。
He was fond of speaking French.
他喜欢讲法语。
(2)动词-ing形式作宾语时，前面省掉介词的情况
spend ... (in) doing sth. 花费……做某事
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事方面有困难/麻烦
stop/prevent ... (from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事
waste time (in) doing sth. 浪费时间做某事
be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事
have a good/hard time (in) doing sth. 做某事很高兴/费了很大劲
He is usually busy (in) managing his shop.
他通常忙于经营商店。
2．作动词的宾语
常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆：
避免错过少延期 avoid, miss, postpone
建议完成多练习 advise/suggest, finish, practise
喜欢想象禁不住 enjoy, imagine, can't help
承认否定与嫉妒 admit, deny, envy
逃避冒险莫原谅 escape, risk, excuse
忍受保持不介意 stand, keep, mind
Would you mind opening the window？
你介意打开窗子吗？
I don't like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio.
我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。
He tried to avoid answering my questions.
他试图对我的问题避而不答。
3．某些动词及动词短语后面既可以用不定式也可以用动词-ing形式作宾语
(1)start, begin, continue等动词后，既可接动词-ing也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。
They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.
他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。
(2)在love, hate, prefer, like等动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，接不定式作宾语指具体的动作。
He preferred staying in the house when it rained.
下雨时他宁愿待在家里。(用动词-ing形式作宾语，指每逢下雨天经常待在家里。)
I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.
今天下午我宁愿待在家里。(用动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午待在家里这一具体的动作。)
(3)有些动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。常见的有：
动词 宾语的形式 意义
forget to do 忘记做……
doing 忘记做过……
remember to do 记着要去做……
doing 记得做过……
regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做……
doing 后悔做了……
续表
try to do 尽力做……
doing 尝试做……
mean to do 打算做……
doing 意味着做……
stop to do 停下来去做(另外一件事)
doing 停止做(同一件事)
go on to do 接着做(另外一件事)
doing 接着做(同一件事)
Please remember to give my best regards to your family.
请记着代我向你的家人问好。
I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.
我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。
(4)在allow, advise, forbid, permit等动词后可直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow/advise/forbid/permit＋名词/代词＋不定式(宾语补足语)”形式。
Our teacher does not allow cheating to go unpunished.
我们的老师不允许作弊行为不受到惩罚。
He did not allow himself to be too upset by the news.
他没有因为这个消息而使自己过于难过。
(5)动词need, require, want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。
The problem requires dealing with/to be dealt with immediately.
这个问题需要马上处理。
[对点练]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)After ________ (enjoy)the beautiful park, I began to bury myself in drawing a clear pond with trees reflected in it.
②(2025·浙江1月高考)“I really want to make this work for people's lives today, and I know that doesn't always mean __________ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says.
③I often practise ________ (listen) and ________ (speak)．
④The boy was lucky to escape _____________ (punish)．
enjoying
returning
listening
speaking
being punished
(2)完成句子
⑤(2023·浙江1月高考写作)My head went blank. I ___________
___________at the prospect of our precious friendship.
我的脑袋一片空白。一想到我们珍贵的友谊，我就忍不住想念她。
⑥(2024·浙江1月高考写作) Determined to conquer her fear of ______________________, Eva applied the same strategy.
决心克服在学校迷路的恐惧，伊娃采用了同样的策略。
couldn't help
missing her
getting lost in the school
(3)对比填空
⑦He likes __________ but he doesn't like ________ this afternoon.(swim)
(4)一句多译
⑧这个问题值得讨论。(deserve)
→ ______________________________
→ __________________________________
swimming
to swim
The question deserved discussing.
The question deserved to be discussed.
二、动词-ing形式作表语
作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。
1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。这类现在分词有“令人……的”含义，常修饰物。常见的有：moving, exciting, interesting, encouraging, inspiring, boring, surprising, puzzling, amusing, astonishing等。
The argument is very convincing.
这个论点很令人信服。
The news that you will come to China this summer vacation is exciting.
这个暑假你要来中国的消息是令人兴奋的。
[名师点津] 不定式和动词-ed形式也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作，动词-ed形式则表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。
2．动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.
她的工作是尽可能地使报告厅保持干净。
[对点练]
(1)试判断下列句中动词-ing形式的类型：
A．动名词 B．现在分词
①My hobby is collecting stamps. ___
②What you said is really inspiring. ___
③What I am tired of is waiting here alone. ___
A
A
B
(2)对比翻译
④他的工作是粉刷墙。
______________________
⑤他的工作将是粉刷这面墙。
________________________
His job is painting walls.
His job is to paint the wall.
三、动名词的复合结构
动名词的复合结构作宾语和表语有四种形式：
1．形容词性物主代词＋动名词； 2．名词's＋动名词；
3．代词宾格＋动名词； 4．名词＋动名词。
What made all of us worried was his/Jack's not getting to the station on time.
他/杰克没有准时到车站让我们所有人都很担心。
Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now？
你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？
03
应用中融通
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Many people have suggested _______ (set) up more theme parks to protect rare animals.
2．By comparison，his worst habit is ________ (smoke) while having dinner.
3．All the educators try their best to prevent the students from ______________ (appeal) to online games.
4．I still remember _______________ (employ) by the company for the first time.
setting
smoking
being appealed
being employed
5．What made her parents proud was her ______________ (admit) to her dream university.
6．We employed ourselves in __________ (prepare) for the coming exam.
7．I had to acknowledge that what you said was really _________ (inspire)．
8．What the journalist said at the meeting sounded more __________ (convince)．
being admitted
preparing
inspiring
convincing
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．I am ________________________________________ at your convenience. (look forward to)
我期待在您方便的时候早日收到您的回复。
2．He ___________________________ along the Silk Road since he retired.(dream of)
自从他退休以来他就一直梦想着沿丝绸之路旅行。
looking forward to receiving your early reply
has been dreaming of traveling
3．Do you _________________ for a walk with me after supper？ (feel like)
晚饭后你想和我一起出去散步吗？
4．What made things worse was _______________ from the meeting. (doing作表语)
让事情更糟糕的是她缺席了那次会议。
feel like going out
her being absent
5．One of his tasks is ___________________________________ for the climbing.(doing作表语)
他的任务之一就是为爬山准备一些食物和饮用水。
6．I was ___________________________________ so many difficulties.(be grateful to sb. for ...)
我很感激您帮助我克服了如此多的困难。
7．I ___________________ with so few clothes on.(can't help)
穿这么少的衣服我禁不住打起哆嗦来。
preparing some food and drinking water
grateful to you for helping me overcome
couldn't help shaking
04
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Statistics show that most toddlers (刚学走路的小孩) learn how to say about 20 words by 18 months. Talking is easy. If you ask anyone, none will remember how they started doing it, it just comes naturally.
But what might not flow as smoothly as words is body language. It's a whole different deal when you're using your hands, eyes or head instead of your tongue. And what makes it even more complicated is the fact that body language differs all around the world.
I find it shockingly amazing how just a small finger gesture could mean one thing in the East and the completely opposite in the West. For instance, in Japan bowing is the most common greeting. It shows respect and Japanese pay a lot of attention to the details like the timing, posture and movement. A bow in Japan represents sincerity, respect and graciousness. While in New Zealand Maori the pressing of noses and foreheads is the traditional greeting. They call it “hongi”， which is regarded as the breath of life.
For most of us, nodding our head up and down often means agreement, but not for the Bulgarians or Greeks. In both cultures, nodding one's head up and down actually means “no”. The American goodbye wave could actually be interpreted (领会) as a “no” in many parts of Europe and Latin America. And the Italian goodbye wave would be understood in America as a “come here” and the American “come here” gesture would actually be seen as an insult (侮辱) in most of Asia.
So before you travel to explore a different culture, make sure you're aware of alternate meanings for body language. We live in a world with many different cultures, so don't forget how differently one hand gesture can be interpreted!
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了肢体语言在不同文化中的差异，提醒读者去国外的时候注意这种差异。
1．What makes body language misunderstood often？
A．Its wide uses.
B．Its smooth flow.
C．Its difficulties in understanding.
D．The background of different cultures.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“And what makes it even more complicated is the fact that body language differs all around the world.”可知，肢体语言因为在世界各地存在差异而变得复杂。再结合第三段中“I find it shockingly amazing ... the completely opposite in the West.”可知，这种差异是文化背景的不同造成的。由此推知，不同的文化背景使得肢体语言经常被误解。
2．What does the pressing of noses and foreheads mean in New Zealand？
A．Greeting. B．Respect.
C．Tradition. D．Breath.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“While in New Zealand Maori the pressing of noses and foreheads is the traditional greeting.”可知，在新西兰，碰鼻子和碰额头代表的是问候。
3．In which country does nodding mean “no”？
A．America. B． Greece.
C．New Zealand. D．Japan.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“For most of us, nodding our head up and down often means agreement, but not for the Bulgarians or Greeks. In both cultures, nodding one's head up and down actually means ‘no’. ”可知，在保加利亚和希腊，点头表达的是“不”的意思。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text？
A．The Origin of Body Language
B．The Limitation of Culture
C．Body Language Around the World
D．The Culture of Maori
√
解析：标题归纳题。纵观全文内容，并结合第二段中“And what makes it even more complicated is the fact that body language differs all around the world.”可知，本文主要围绕肢体语言在不同国家和地区的差异进行说明。因此，C项(世界各地的肢体语言)最适合作为文章的标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
A few years ago, I was giving a presentation to the CEO of a financial services company, outlining a speech on “Leadership Presence”， which I was _____ to deliver to his organization the next day.
Our meeting lasted thirty minutes, and through that entire time, the CEO sat at the conference table with his _____ tightly crossed.He didn't once smile, lean forward or nod encouragement.When I finished, he said thank you and glanced at the doorway to indicate that we were _____ .
5
6
7
I was sure that his nonverbal _____ was telling me that my speaking engagement would be canceled.But when I walked to the elevator, the executive's assistant came to tell me how _____ her boss had been with my presentation.
I was shocked and asked how he would have _____ had he not liked it.“Oh，” said the assistant, _____ ，“He would have _____ as you were speaking and walked out of the room.”
The _____ signals I'd received from that CEO were ones I judged to be _____ .What I didn't realize was that, for this individual, it was his _____ behavior.
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Just as I _____ that executive's body language, when people don't know how you usually behave they can also easily _____ to a wrong conclusion.Remember this when meeting someone _____ .They won't know that you _____ frown when you're concentrating and may think the frown is a negative reaction to something she said or did.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者通过讲述自己的亲身经历，说明了人们可能会对别人的肢体语言产生误解的几种常见情况及原因。
16
17
18
19
5．A.challenged B． labeled
C．appealed D．scheduled
解析：根据下文“deliver to his organization the next day”可知，第二天在他的组织里发表演讲。由此可知，此处应表示作者第二天计划做的事情。be scheduled to do“计划做某事”。
√
7．A.ahead B． through
C．in D．down
6．A.arms B． thumbs
C．heart D．mind
√
√
解析：根据上文“When I finished”可知，此处表示当“我”结束时，他说“谢谢你”，并瞟了一眼门口，示意会面已经结束了。
解析：根据上文“the CEO sat at the conference table”以及下文“tightly crossed”可知，此处表示首席执行官一直紧紧地交叉着双臂坐在会议桌旁。
8．A.warning B． inquiry
C．communication D．prohibition
√
解析：根据上文提到的他一次也没有微笑、身体前倾或点头鼓励以及下文“was telling me that my speaking engagement would be canceled”可知，此处表示他的非语言交流是在告诉“我”，“我”的演讲预约将被取消。
9．A.rewarding B． impressed
C．embarrassed D．distracting
√
解析：根据上文提到的作者认为他的演讲预约将被取消，以及该句中的But表转折和下文“I was shocked”可推知，此处表示她的老板对“我”的报告印象非常深刻。
10．A.reacted B． varied
C．witnessed D．detected
√
解析：根据下文“‘He would have ________ as you were speaking and walked out of the room.’”可知，此处表示作者问如果他不喜欢会有什么反应。
解析：根据上下文语境以及作者问助理“如果老板不喜欢会有什么反应”可推知，此处表示助理微笑着回答作者的问题。
11．A.sneezing B． waving
C．smiling D．weeping
√
12．A.climbed up B． taken up
C．made up D．gotten up
√
13．A.non-stop B． non-native
C．nonsense D．nonverbal
解析：根据下文“and walked out of the room”可知，此处表示他会在你说话的时候站起来走出房间的。
解析：根据上文“I was sure that his nonverbal ...”可知，作者认为，自己从CEO那里得到的是消极的非言语信号。
√
14．A.positive B． negative
C．neutral D．indifferent
√
15．A.normal B． moral
C．model D．noble
解析：根据上文提到的作者确信他的演讲预约将被取消可知，作者认为，自己从CEO那里得到的非言语信号是消极的。
解析：根据上下文语境以及上文“What I didn't realize was that”可知，此处表示作者没有意识到这是他的正常行为。
√
16．A.pirated B． misread
C．revealed D．employed
√
解析：根据下文“that executive's body language”以及“when people don't know how you usually behave they can also easily _______ to a wrong conclusion”可知，人们不知道你通常的行为方式时，可能会得出错误的结论。由此可推知，此处表示作者误读了那位CEO的肢体语言。
17．A.jump B． support
C．approve D．test
√
解析：根据上文“when people don't know how you usually behave”以及下文“a wrong conclusion”可知，此处表示当人们不知道你通常的行为方式时，他们也很容易得出错误的结论。
18．A.at table B． on the move
C．for the first time D．in this sense
√
解析：根据上文提到的当人们不知道你通常的行为方式时，他们也很容易得出错误的结论以及上文“Remember this when meeting someone”可知，此处表示当你第一次和别人见面时，请记住这一点。
19．A.slightly B． instantly
C．habitually D．ultimately
√
解析：根据上文“They won't know that you _______ frown when you're concentrating”可知，他们不会知道你在集中注意力时习惯性地皱眉，可能会认为皱眉是对她所说或所做的事情的消极反应。
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)
It isn't unusual for foreigners to experience some level of culture shock in China.The country is famed for 20. ____ (it) unique culture, and you will have no shortage of new things 21. ____ (explore) and learn about.China's fast development is likely to make the adjustment more 22. ____(comfort) for most new arrivals.
The language barrier can be 23.____ big challenge for foreigners.There are a few reasons for this.Apart 24 .____Chinese Mandarin, hundreds of other dialects exist. In some rural areas, 25.____ (disappointing), some people can't even speak Mandarin.
The second reason is 26.____ even though young people learn English nowadays, it doesn't give them many 27.____ (opportunity) to use it.This means that while many people can understand easy phrases, they're often quite shy when it comes to 28 .____(speak)．
People generally don't bother translating things into English outside big cities, where the biggest numbers of foreigners 29 .____(find). As such, it's a good idea for foreigners to learn a few useful phrases in Chinese before arriving in the country.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着中国的快速发展，越来越多的外国人来到中国，他们不免要经历一些文化冲突。
20．its 考查代词。be famed for“以……而闻名”。介词for后接名词culture作宾语，故其前需用形容词性物主代词its。
21．to explore 考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语will have，故空格需填非谓语动词，根据并列结构learn about可知，空格需填动词不定式to explore，及物动词主动表示被动，作定语修饰new things。
22．comfortable 考查形容词。make之后是宾语the adjustment，空格必须接形容词形式comfortable一起和more构成比较级，作宾语补足语。
23．a 考查不定冠词。此处表示泛指，故空格需填不定冠词a表示“一个”。
24．from 考查介词。介词短语apart from“除了……之外”。
25．disappointingly 考查副词。逗号前面需填副词形式disappointingly来修饰后面的整个句子。
26．that 考查表语从句。系动词is后的句子结构完整，空格需填连接词that引导表语从句。
27．opportunities 考查名词复数。空格前有形容词many，故需填名词复数opportunities。
28．speaking 考查动名词。when it comes to“当谈到”，介词to后需接动名词。
29．are found 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。where引导的定语从句中，主语是the biggest numbers of foreigners，为复数，且与find之间是被动关系，且此处陈述一般情况，故需填一般现在时的被动语态are found。UNIT 4 课时检测(三) Learning About Language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Statistics show that most toddlers (刚学走路的小孩) learn how to say about 20 words by 18 months. Talking is easy. If you ask anyone, none will remember how they started doing it, it just comes naturally.
But what might not flow as smoothly as words is body language. It's a whole different deal when you're using your hands, eyes or head instead of your tongue. And what makes it even more complicated is the fact that body language differs all around the world.
I find it shockingly amazing how just a small finger gesture could mean one thing in the East and the completely opposite in the West. For instance, in Japan bowing is the most common greeting. It shows respect and Japanese pay a lot of attention to the details like the timing, posture and movement. A bow in Japan represents sincerity, respect and graciousness. While in New Zealand Maori the pressing of noses and foreheads is the traditional greeting. They call it “hongi”， which is regarded as the breath of life.
For most of us, nodding our head up and down often means agreement, but not for the Bulgarians or Greeks. In both cultures, nodding one's head up and down actually means “no”. The American goodbye wave could actually be interpreted (领会)
as a “no” in many parts of Europe and Latin America. And the Italian goodbye wave would be understood in America as a “come here” and the American “come here” gesture would actually be seen as an insult (侮辱) in most of Asia.
So before you travel to explore a different culture, make sure you're aware of alternate meanings for body language. We live in a world with many different cultures, so don't forget how differently one hand gesture can be interpreted!
1．What makes body language misunderstood often
A．Its wide uses.
B．Its smooth flow.
C．Its difficulties in understanding.
D．The background of different cultures.
2．What does the pressing of noses and foreheads mean in New Zealand
A．Greeting. B．Respect.
C．Tradition. D．Breath.
3．In which country does nodding mean “no”？
A．America. B．Greece.
C．New Zealand. D．Japan.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Origin of Body Language
B．The Limitation of Culture
C．Body Language Around the World
D．The Culture of Maori
Ⅱ.完形填空
A few years ago, I was giving a presentation to the CEO of a financial services company, outlining a speech on “Leadership Presence”， which I was __5__ to deliver to his organization the next day.
Our meeting lasted thirty minutes, and through that entire time, the CEO sat at the conference table with his __6__ tightly crossed.He didn't once smile, lean forward or nod encouragement.When I finished, he said thank you and glanced at the doorway to indicate that we were __7__.
I was sure that his nonverbal __8__ was telling me that my speaking engagement would be canceled.But when I walked to the elevator, the executive's assistant came to tell me how __9__ her boss had been with my presentation.,
5．A.challenged B．labeled
C．appealed D．scheduled
6．A.arms B．thumbs
C．heart D．mind
7．A.ahead B．through
C．in D．down
8．A.warning B．inquiry
C．communication D．prohibition
9．A.rewarding B．impressed
C．embarrassed D．distracting
I was shocked and asked how he would have __10__ had he not liked it.“Oh，” said the assistant, __11__，“He would have __12__ as you were speaking and walked out of the room.”
The __13__ signals I'd received from that CEO were ones I judged to be __14__.What I didn't realize was that, for this individual, it was his __15__ behavior.
Just as I __16__ that executive's body language, when people don't know how you usually behave they can also easily __17__ to a wrong conclusion.Remember this when meeting someone __18__.They won't know that you __19__ frown when you're concentrating and may think the frown is a negative reaction to something she said or did.,
10．A.reacted B．varied
C．witnessed D．detected
11．A.sneezing B．waving
C．smiling D．weeping
12．A.climbed up B．taken up
C．made up D．gotten up
13．A.non stop B．non native
C．nonsense D．nonverbal
14．A.positive B．negative
C．neutral D．indifferent
15．A.normal B．moral
C．model D．noble
16．A.pirated B．misread
C．revealed D．employed
17．A.jump B．support
C．approve D．test
18．A.at table B．on the move
C．for the first time D．in this sense
19．A.slightly B．instantly
C．habitually D．ultimately
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)
It isn't unusual for foreigners to experience some level of culture shock in China.The country is famed for 20.________ (it) unique culture, and you will have no shortage of new things 21.______________ (explore) and learn about.China's fast development is likely to make the adjustment more 22.____________________ (comfort) for most new arrivals.
The language barrier can be 23.________ big challenge for foreigners.There are a few reasons for this.Apart 24.__________________ Chinese Mandarin, hundreds of other dialects exist. In some rural areas, 25.____________________ (disappointing), some people can't even speak Mandarin.
The second reason is 26.________ even though young people learn English nowadays, it doesn't give them many 27.__________________ (opportunity) to use it.This means that while many people can understand easy phrases, they're often quite shy when it comes to 28.______________ (speak)．
People generally don't bother translating things into English outside big cities, where the biggest numbers of foreigners 29.______________________ (find). As such, it's a good idea for foreigners to learn a few useful phrases in Chinese before arriving in the country.
UNIT 4 课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了肢体语言在不同文化中的差异，提醒读者去国外的时候注意这种差异。
1．选D 推理判断题。根据第二段中“And what makes it even more complicated is the fact that body language differs all around the world.”可知，肢体语言因为在世界各地存在差异而变得复杂。再结合第三段中“I find it shockingly amazing ... the completely opposite in the West.”可知，这种差异是文化背景的不同造成的。由此推知，不同的文化背景使得肢体语言经常被误解。
2．选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中“While in New Zealand Maori the pressing of noses and foreheads is the traditional greeting.”可知，在新西兰，碰鼻子和碰额头代表的是问候。
3．选B 细节理解题。根据第四段中“For most of us, nodding our head up and down often means agreement, but not for the Bulgarians or Greeks. In both cultures, nodding one's head up and down actually means ‘no’. ”可知，在保加利亚和希腊，点头表达的是“不”的意思。
4．选C 标题归纳题。纵观全文内容，并结合第二段中“And what makes it even more complicated is the fact that body language differs all around the world.”可知，本文主要围绕肢体语言在不同国家和地区的差异进行说明。因此，C项(世界各地的肢体语言)最适合作为文章的标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者通过讲述自己的亲身经历，说明了人们可能会对别人的肢体语言产生误解的几种常见情况及原因。
5．选D 根据下文“deliver to his organization the next day”可知，第二天在他的组织里发表演讲。由此可知，此处应表示作者第二天计划做的事情。be scheduled to do“计划做某事”。
6．选A 根据上文“the CEO sat at the conference table”以及下文“tightly crossed”可知，此处表示首席执行官一直紧紧地交叉着双臂坐在会议桌旁。
7．选B 根据上文“When I finished”可知，此处表示当“我”结束时，他说“谢谢你”，并瞟了一眼门口，示意会面已经结束了。
8．选C 根据上文提到的他一次也没有微笑、身体前倾或点头鼓励以及下文“was telling me that my speaking engagement would be canceled”可知，此处表示他的非语言交流是在告诉“我”，“我”的演讲预约将被取消。
9．选B 根据上文提到的作者认为他的演讲预约将被取消，以及该句中的But表转折和下文“I was shocked”可推知，此处表示她的老板对“我”的报告印象非常深刻。
10．选A 根据下文“‘He would have ________ as you were speaking and walked out of the room.’”可知，此处表示作者问如果他不喜欢会有什么反应。
11．选C 根据上下文语境以及作者问助理“如果老板不喜欢会有什么反应”可推知，此处表示助理微笑着回答作者的问题。
12．选D 根据下文“and walked out of the room”可知，此处表示他会在你说话的时候站起来走出房间的。
13．选D 根据上文“I was sure that his nonverbal ...”可知，作者认为，自己从CEO那里得到的是消极的非言语信号。
14．选B 根据上文提到的作者确信他的演讲预约将被取消可知，作者认为，自己从CEO那里得到的非言语信号是消极的。
15．选A 根据上下文语境以及上文“What I didn't realize was that”可知，此处表示作者没有意识到这是他的正常行为。
16．选B 根据下文“that executive's body language”以及“when people don't know how you usually behave they can also easily ________ to a wrong conclusion”可知，人们不知道你通常的行为方式时，可能会得出错误的结论。由此可推知，此处表示作者误读了那位CEO的肢体语言。
17．选A 根据上文“when people don't know how you usually behave”以及下文“a wrong conclusion”可知，此处表示当人们不知道你通常的行为方式时，他们也很容易得出错误的结论。
18．选C 根据上文提到的当人们不知道你通常的行为方式时，他们也很容易得出错误的结论以及上文“Remember this when meeting someone”可知，此处表示当你第一次和别人见面时，请记住这一点。
19．选C 根据上文“They won't know that you ________ frown when you're concentrating”可知，他们不会知道你在集中注意力时习惯性地皱眉，可能会认为皱眉是对她所说或所做的事情的消极反应。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着中国的快速发展，越来越多的外国人来到中国，他们不免要经历一些文化冲突。
20．its 考查代词。be famed for“以……而闻名”。介词for后接名词culture作宾语，故其前需用形容词性物主代词its。
21．to explore 考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语will have，故空格需填非谓语动词，根据并列结构learn about可知，空格需填动词不定式to explore，及物动词主动表示被动，作定语修饰new things。
22．comfortable 考查形容词。make之后是宾语the adjustment，空格必须接形容词形式comfortable一起和more构成比较级，作宾语补足语。
23．a 考查不定冠词。此处表示泛指，故空格需填不定冠词a表示“一个”。
24．from 考查介词。介词短语apart from“除了……之外”。
25．disappointingly 考查副词。逗号前面需填副词形式disappointingly来修饰后面的整个句子。
26．that 考查表语从句。系动词is后的句子结构完整，空格需填连接词that引导表语从句。
27．opportunities 考查名词复数。空格前有形容词many，故需填名词复数opportunities。
28．speaking 考查动名词。when it comes to“当谈到”，介词to后需接动名词。
29．are found 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。where引导的定语从句中，主语是the biggest numbers of foreigners，为复数，且与find之间是被动关系，且此处陈述一般情况，故需填一般现在时的被动语态are found。
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