Section Ⅴ Writing
写作项目——Write a description of body language
本单元的写作任务是描写肢体语言，旨在强化学生基本的细节描写能力。细节描写是使文章内容充实、详尽丰富的基本技能。通过描写肢体动作，可把人物写活写真，从而凸显人物性格，显露内心世界，让人物有活力，让文章有生气。
|由教材学写作|
一、学细节描写
肢体语言可以反映人物的性格特征和习惯，传达人物之间的互动和关系，让读者更加深入地了解人物的情感和内心世界，增强读者的参与感和代入感。在写作中，合理运用肢体语言可以让文本更加生动、细腻和富有表现力。课文第三至五段以一位老师自述的口吻描写了在课堂中观察到的学生的肢体语言，运用了大量的动作、神情描写。如：
表示interested的肢体语言 look up and make eye contact；smile; lean forward等
表示bored的肢体语言 have one's head lowered to look at ...; lean heads together; have the same distant expression on one's face; an absence of eye contact; eyes barely move等
表示distracted的肢体语言 with their chins on their hands; stare out of the window or up at the ceiling等
表示troubled的肢体语言 have one's arms crossed in front of one's chests; wear a frown; have legs closed or crossed; hide one's faces in one's hands等
这些自然流露的肢体语言真实地再现了学生在课堂上的精神面貌，可以让读者更直观地感受到人物的情绪，宛如身临其境。
①She didn't say a word but nodded ____________________.
她一句话也没说，只是带着灿烂的微笑点了点头。
②While Mr Rowe seemed cheerful and relaxed that day, it seemed like Steven
__________________________________.
虽然罗先生那天看起来很开心、很放松，但史蒂文似乎既生气又困惑。
③He was in a bad mood.He ________________________ to hide it and managed a smile.
他心情不好，低下头来掩饰，勉强笑了一下。
二、学写作手法
描写人物时，除了可以运用外貌、语言、动作描写等方法，使人物栩栩如生，跃然纸上，还可以借助一些写作手法，如对比、衬托、正面描写与侧面描写相结合等，揭示和突显人物的精神品质。如课文第二段将学生对课堂感兴趣与感到无聊的肢体动作表现进行对比，形象地展现了人物的特征。
三、学修辞手法
课文中运用了比喻的修辞手法，使读者更好地理解学生的情绪，让读者对学生的内心状态有更深刻的认识。如把have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed比喻为they are guarding their bodies，使文章更富有吸引力。
四、学亮点表达
文章中使用了一些疑问句式，以引起读者的阅读兴趣。文章标题“HOW DO I KNOW MY STUDENTS？(我是如何了解我的学生的？)”点明了作者的写作目的；第一段使用特殊疑问句“So, how can I really know what makes each student tick？”提出问题，如一个“hook(钩子)”，用来勾起读者的阅读兴趣。第二段先用一般疑问句的省略形式重复该问题，然后进行回答，借此引出文章的主题：通过肢体语言了解学生。
五、学正能量式结尾
文章最后一段体现了一位有经验的老师对学生的关爱。老师不仅把学生的行为表现看在眼里，更重要的是，老师善于解读学生的行为表现所代表的情绪和状态，及时发现学生的问题和困难，及时提供帮助。学生应该从更加积极的角度看待老师的工作和付出，师生相互信任、共同努力，该段最后一句具有点睛功效，充满正能量。这也是读后续写结尾的常见特点，起到升华主题、收束全文的作用。
|写作技法指导|
读后续写在描写人物的肢体语言时，应把握两个原则，一是“顺序”原则，即按一定的先后顺序进行逻辑表述；二是“重点”原则，对能刻画人物特征的地方要进行重点描述，切忌不分重点的“流水账”。通常要注意以下几点：
1．列明写作顺序，做到表达有序
在描写人物的肢体动作时，首先对人物进行整体观察，了解人物的大致位置和动作。然后按照从上到下的顺序，依次描述人物的头部、颈部、肩部、手臂、手部、躯干、腿部和脚部的动作。如：
He stood straight, holding his head high and looking firmly into the distance, clenched his fist tightly with his right hand, and bent his arm slightly, as if cheering for himself. He took a step forward with his left leg, showing confidence and determination.
按照这样的顺序进行描写，可以使读者更清晰地了解人物的肢体动作，更好地理解人物的情感和意图。
2．注重刻画重点，凸显内心世界
要写好一个人物，首先得抓住人物的特征，然后展开具体描写。描写外貌，可写人物的五官、头发与胡须，也可写脸色、神情，尤其是眼睛；描绘衣着，可写人物某次的具体穿着，也可写其习惯的颜色搭配，衣服式样等。注意不要泛泛地叙述与描写，要抓住人物区别于他人的独特之处来写，以展现人物的内心世界。如：
She fiddled (摆弄) with her hair nervously, twisting and twirling (盘绕) it around her fingers, revealing her inner restlessness.
这段话中“fiddled (摆弄) with her hair, twisting and twirling (盘绕)”等具体的肢体动作描写，生动地展现了她的不安情绪，刻画了人物的主要的肢体特征，达到了展现其内心世界的效果。
3．注重连贯性的动作描写
在进行人物肢体动作描写时，要细化动作，把动作过程分解成细微的动作，学会描写动作时不仅表现“在做什么”，而且表现“在怎样做”。除了精选表示动作的词语，而且要给动词加上适当的修饰成分。适当的修饰成分可以细致地表达出动作的时间、速度、力度、方式等，使人物形象更加具有活力，能更好地表现人物鲜明的个性与思想境界。动作描写中最常见的修饰成分就是状语，如副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语等。如：
As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider's web. I rushed back to the deserted house. It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. Leaving the house, I couldn't help wondering how it was getting on now.
当我的车接近它时，我的思绪又回到了我从蜘蛛网中救出蜂鸟的那一刻。我冲回那座空无一人的房子。窗户上原来的洞不见了，这是一种极大的安慰。离开这个房子后，我不禁想知道现在它过得怎么样了。
[针对练笔]
观察下面这幅图，用英文向大家描述一下图中肢体语言的含义。
根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文。
The man whose eyes seem to be fixed on something ①______________ (皱着眉)．In the meantime, ②__________________________ (他把一只手放在下巴上), covering his mouth and nose, and ③__________________________ (另一只手放在这只胳膊的肘部) as if holding his breath.It may mean he is stuck in a problem and ④__________________ (陷入沉思)．Be sure to leave him alone, or you can be seen as a rude looker on, which sometimes can lead to unexpected conflicts.In a word, ⑤__________________________________________________ (读懂一个人的肢体语言是非常重要的) for people to get along with each other.
|写作素材储备|
一、肢体语言常用表达
(一)有关hand的肢体动作描写
1．take one's hand 牵某人的手
2．reach out one's hand 伸出手
3．shake one's hand 握手
4．put one's hands to one's cheeks 用双手捂住脸
5．raise one's hands 举手
6．She smiled and extended a hand in welcome.
她笑着并伸出一只手表示欢迎。
7．She shrugged and spread her hands，“That's all I can tell you.”
她耸耸肩，摊开双手说：“我只能告诉你这么多了。”
8．Her hands shook/trembled as she lifted the glass to her lips.她的手颤抖着把杯子送到唇边。
(二)有关finger的肢体动作描写
1．wag/wave one's finger 挥动手指
2．with gentle fingers 用轻柔的手指
3．The teacher raised a warning finger and we stopped talking.
老师举起一个手指以示警告，我们停止了交谈。
4．She raised/held up a finger to her lip to ask for silence.她把一根手指举到唇边，要求肃静。
(三)有关arm的肢体动作描写
1．fold one's arms 某人双臂交叉
2．hold out/open one's arms 某人伸出/张开双臂
3．catch/grab one's arm 抓住某人的胳膊
4．take one's arm 挽住某人的胳膊
5．He was running forward, waving his arms. 他向前跑着，挥动着双臂。
6．He stood there with crossed arms, looking angry.他站在那里，双臂交叉，看上去很生气。
(四)有关shoulder的肢体动作描写
1．look (back) over one's shoulder 回头看
2．tap the man on the shoulder 拍拍这个人的肩膀
3．shoulder one's way 挤出一条路
4．When I asked him why he had done it, he just shrugged his shoulders.
当我问他为什么这么做时，他只是耸耸肩。
5．The child sat on her father's shoulders to watch the parade go by.
那个孩子坐在她父亲的肩膀上看游行经过。
(五)关于back的肢体动作描写
1．bend one's back 弯腰
2．on one's back 在某人的背上
3．He yawned and stretched his back as he got out of bed.他下床时打了个哈欠，伸了个懒腰。
4．He leaned his back against the bar. 他把背靠在吧台上。
(六)有关foot的肢体动作描写
1．drag one's feet 故意拖拉
2．put one's feet up 坐下休息
3．She jumped to her feet when she heard the news. 当听到这个消息时，她跳了起来。
4．She was tapping/stamping her feet impatiently. 她不耐烦地敲打/跺着脚。
(七)有关knee的肢体动作描写
1．bend your knees 膝盖弯曲
2．go down on one's knees 跪下
3．Suddenly her knees weakened and she fell to the floor.突然，她的双膝弯曲，她摔倒在地板上。
4．He hugged his knees to keep warm.
他抱着双膝取暖。
5．He sat on his father's knees, listening to his father tell stories.
他坐在父亲的双膝上，听父亲讲故事。
二、续写语段积累
1．All of us stood there staring at the wonderful machine before us. None of us knew what to think of it. We all respected and admired the scientist, but this was something too impossible to believe. I looked over at Filby, who knew the scientist better than any of us, and was surprised to see him smiling. He turned to me and started to shake his head, saying softly, “What if he really has done it What if this is all for real Think about it！”
2．He nodded and bit his lip, tears welling up in his eyes. I hugged him firmly, patting his back gently. “I have faith in you and you will not be looked down upon. Instead, everyone will cheer for you when you are running！” David was inspired instantly and accepted to run. Seeing the determination in his eyes, I wiped the tears on his cheeks, promising to keep him company until the end of the competition.
Section Ⅴ
由教材学写作
一、①with a bright smile ②was angry and confused
③lowered his head
针对练笔
①is frowning ②he puts one hand on his chin
③the other hand under the elbow of the arm ④lost in thought ⑤understanding a person's body language is very important
6 / 6(共53张PPT)
Section Ⅴ
Writing
写作项目——Write a description of body language
课时跟踪检测
Contents 目录
01
02
01
写作项目——Write a description
of body language
本单元的写作任务是描写肢体语言，旨在强化学生基本的细节描写能力。细节描写是使文章内容充实、详尽丰富的基本技能。通过描写肢体动作，可把人物写活写真，从而凸显人物性格，显露内心世界，让人物有活力，让文章有生气。
由教材学写作
一、学细节描写
肢体语言可以反映人物的性格特征和习惯，传达人物之间的互动和关系，让读者更加深入地了解人物的情感和内心世界，增强读者的参与感和代入感。在写作中，合理运用肢体语言可以让文本更加生动、细腻和富有表现力。课文第三至五段以一位老师自述的口吻描写了在课堂中观察到的学生的肢体语言，运用了大量的动作、神情描写。如：
表示interested的肢体语言 look up and make eye contact；smile; lean forward等
表示bored的肢体语言 have one's head lowered to look at ...; lean heads together; have the same distant expression on one's face; an absence of eye contact; eyes barely move等
表示distracted的肢体语言 with their chins on their hands; stare out of the window or up at the ceiling等
表示troubled的肢体语言 have one's arms crossed in front of one's chests; wear a frown; have legs closed or crossed; hide one's faces in one's hands等
这些自然流露的肢体语言真实地再现了学生在课堂上的精神面貌，可以让读者更直观地感受到人物的情绪，宛如身临其境。
仿写训练/完成句子
①She didn't say a word but nodded _________________.
她一句话也没说，只是带着灿烂的微笑点了点头。
②While Mr Rowe seemed cheerful and relaxed that day, it seemed like Steven ______________________.
虽然罗先生那天看起来很开心、很放松，但史蒂文似乎既生气又困惑。
③He was in a bad mood.He _______________ to hide it and managed a smile.他心情不好，低下头来掩饰，勉强笑了一下。
with a bright smile
was angry and confused
lowered his head
二、学写作手法
描写人物时，除了可以运用外貌、语言、动作描写等方法，使人物栩栩如生，跃然纸上，还可以借助一些写作手法，如对比、衬托、正面描写与侧面描写相结合等，揭示和突显人物的精神品质。如课文第二段将学生对课堂感兴趣与感到无聊的肢体动作表现进行对比，形象地展现了人物的特征。
三、学修辞手法
课文中运用了比喻的修辞手法，使读者更好地理解学生的情绪，让读者对学生的内心状态有更深刻的认识。如把have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed比喻为they are guarding their bodies，使文章更富有吸引力。
四、学亮点表达
文章中使用了一些疑问句式，以引起读者的阅读兴趣。文章标题“HOW DO I KNOW MY STUDENTS？(我是如何了解我的学生的？)”点明了作者的写作目的；第一段使用特殊疑问句“So, how can I really know what makes each student tick？”提出问题，如一个“hook(钩子)”，用来勾起读者的阅读兴趣。第二段先用一般疑问句的省略形式重复该问题，然后进行回答，借此引出文章的主题：通过肢体语言了解学生。
五、学正能量式结尾
文章最后一段体现了一位有经验的老师对学生的关爱。老师不仅把学生的行为表现看在眼里，更重要的是，老师善于解读学生的行为表现所代表的情绪和状态，及时发现学生的问题和困难，及时提供帮助。学生应该从更加积极的角度看待老师的工作和付出，师生相互信任、共同努力，该段最后一句具有点睛功效，充满正能量。这也是读后续写结尾的常见特点，起到升华主题、收束全文的作用。
写作技法指导
读后续写在描写人物的肢体语言时，应把握两个原则，一是“顺序”原则，即按一定的先后顺序进行逻辑表述；二是“重点”原则，对能刻画人物特征的地方要进行重点描述，切忌不分重点的“流水账”。通常要注意以下几点：
1．列明写作顺序，做到表达有序
在描写人物的肢体动作时，首先对人物进行整体观察，了解人物的大致位置和动作。然后按照从上到下的顺序，依次描述人物的头部、颈部、肩部、手臂、手部、躯干、腿部和脚部的动作。如：
He stood straight, holding his head high and looking firmly into the distance, clenched his fist tightly with his right hand, and bent his arm slightly, as if cheering for himself. He took a step forward with his left leg, showing confidence and determination.
按照这样的顺序进行描写，可以使读者更清晰地了解人物的肢体动作，更好地理解人物的情感和意图。
2．注重刻画重点，凸显内心世界
要写好一个人物，首先得抓住人物的特征，然后展开具体描写。描写外貌，可写人物的五官、头发与胡须，也可写脸色、神情，尤其是眼睛；描绘衣着，可写人物某次的具体穿着，也可写其习惯的颜色搭配，衣服式样等。注意不要泛泛地叙述与描写，要抓住人物区别于他人的独特之处来写，以展现人物的内心世界。如：
She fiddled (摆弄)with her hair nervously, twisting and twirling (盘绕) it around her fingers, revealing her inner restlessness.
这段话中“fiddled (摆弄) with her hair, twisting and twirling (盘绕)”等具体的肢体动作描写，生动地展现了她的不安情绪，刻画了人物的主要的肢体特征，达到了展现其内心世界的效果。
3．注重连贯性的动作描写
在进行人物肢体动作描写时，要细化动作，把动作过程分解成细微的动作，学会描写动作时不仅表现“在做什么”，而且表现“在怎样做”。除了精选表示动作的词语，而且要给动词加上适当的修饰成分。适当的修饰成分可以细致地表达出动作的时间、速度、力度、方式等，使人物形象更加具有活力，能更好地表现人物鲜明的个性与思想境界。动作描写中最常见的修饰成分就是状语，如副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语等。如：
As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider's web. I rushed back to the deserted house. It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. Leaving the house, I couldn't help wondering how it was getting on now.
当我的车接近它时，我的思绪又回到了我从蜘蛛网中救出蜂鸟的那一刻。我冲回那座空无一人的房子。窗户上原来的洞不见了，这是一种极大的安慰。离开这个房子后，我不禁想知道现在它过得怎么样了。
[针对练笔]
观察下面这幅图，用英文向大家描述一下图中肢体语言的含义。
根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文。
The man whose eyes seem to be fixed on something ①__________ (皱着眉)．In the meantime, ② _________________________ (他把一只手放在下巴上), covering his mouth and nose, and ③ ______________________________________ (另一只手放在这只胳膊的肘部) as if holding his breath.It may mean he is stuck in a problem and ④ ____________ (陷入沉思)．Be sure to leave him alone,
is frowning
he puts one hand on his chin
the other hand under the elbow of the arm
lost in thought
or you can be seen as a rude looker-on, which sometimes can lead to unexpected conflicts.In a word, ⑤_____________________________
__________________________ (读懂一个人的肢体语言是非常重要的) for people to get along with each other.
understanding a person's body
language is very important
写作素材储备
一、肢体语言常用表达
(一)有关hand的肢体动作描写
1．take one's hand 牵某人的手
2．reach out one's hand 伸出手
3．shake one's hand 握手
4．put one's hands to one's cheeks 用双手捂住脸
5．raise one's hands 举手
6．She smiled and extended a hand in welcome.
她笑着并伸出一只手表示欢迎。
7．She shrugged and spread her hands，“That's all I can tell you.”
她耸耸肩，摊开双手说：“我只能告诉你这么多了。”
8．Her hands shook/trembled as she lifted the glass to her lips.
她的手颤抖着把杯子送到唇边。
(二)有关finger的肢体动作描写
1．wag/wave one's finger 挥动手指
2．with gentle fingers 用轻柔的手指
3．The teacher raised a warning finger and we stopped talking.
老师举起一个手指以示警告，我们停止了交谈。
4．She raised/held up a finger to her lip to ask for silence.
她把一根手指举到唇边，要求肃静。
(三)有关arm的肢体动作描写
1．fold one's arms 某人双臂交叉
2．hold out/open one's arms 某人伸出/张开双臂
3．catch/grab one's arm 抓住某人的胳膊
4．take one's arm 挽住某人的胳膊
5．He was running forward, waving his arms.
他向前跑着，挥动着双臂。
6．He stood there with crossed arms, looking angry.
他站在那里，双臂交叉，看上去很生气。
(四)有关shoulder的肢体动作描写
1．look (back) over one's shoulder 回头看
2．tap the man on the shoulder 拍拍这个人的肩膀
3．shoulder one's way 挤出一条路
4．When I asked him why he had done it, he just shrugged his shoulders.
当我问他为什么这么做时，他只是耸耸肩。
5．The child sat on her father's shoulders to watch the parade go by.
那个孩子坐在她父亲的肩膀上看游行经过。
(五)关于back的肢体动作描写
1．bend one's back 弯腰
2．on one's back 在某人的背上
3．He yawned and stretched his back as he got out of bed.
他下床时打了个哈欠，伸了个懒腰。
4．He leaned his back against the bar.
他把背靠在吧台上。
(六)有关foot的肢体动作描写
1．drag one's feet 故意拖拉
2．put one's feet up 坐下休息
3．She jumped to her feet when she heard the news.
当听到这个消息时，她跳了起来。
4．She was tapping/stamping her feet impatiently.
她不耐烦地敲打/跺着脚。
(七)有关knee的肢体动作描写
1．bend your knees 膝盖弯曲
2．go down on one's knees 跪下
3．Suddenly her knees weakened and she fell to the floor.
突然，她的双膝弯曲，她摔倒在地板上。
4．He hugged his knees to keep warm.
他抱着双膝取暖。
5．He sat on his father's knees, listening to his father tell stories.
他坐在父亲的双膝上，听父亲讲故事。
二、续写语段积累
1．All of us stood there staring at the wonderful machine before us. None of us knew what to think of it. We all respected and admired the scientist, but this was something too impossible to believe. I looked over at Filby, who knew the scientist better than any of us, and was surprised to see him smiling. He turned to me and started to shake his head, saying softly, “What if he really has done it？ What if this is all for real？ Think about it！”
2．He nodded and bit his lip, tears welling up in his eyes. I hugged him firmly, patting his back gently. “I have faith in you and you will not be looked down upon. Instead, everyone will cheer for you when you are running！” David was inspired instantly and accepted to run. Seeing the determination in his eyes, I wiped the tears on his cheeks, promising to keep him company until the end of the competition.
02
课时跟踪检测
一、写作专项训练
Ⅰ.完成语段(12分)
He ran to the door, ①______ (wave) his arms. However, she stood there with her arms ② ______ (cross) in front of her chest and looked very angry. He opened his arms, ③ ______ (smile). But she turned around, ④ _____ (try) to keep him at arm's length. As a result, he had to approach her and ⑤ ______ (reach) out to catch her left arm. He took her arm, ⑥ _________ (whisper) an apology, “I'm sorry.” They walked home arm in arm.
waving
crossed
smiling
trying
reached
whispering
Ⅱ.应用文写作(15分)
假定你是李华，英语课上，你学习了有关“肢体语言”主题语境下各国的文化差异。请你用英语写一篇短文介绍一下。要点如下：
1．什么是肢体语言？
2．肢体语言有什么作用？
3．使用肢体语言应注意的问题。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Body language
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Body language
Body language is used by people for sending messages to one another.It's an important form of nonverbal language, including facial expressions, gestures, eye contact, etc.
Body language provides us with hidden signals in communication.For example, we can tell that one is in a rush when he constantly checks his watch while talking to someone.Thus, ending the conversation soon is a wise choice.Proper use of body language can break the ice, but we also need to be careful when using body language, as it varies from culture to culture.
Convenient and useful as it may sound, remember, nodding your head may not mean yes in some cultures.
Ⅲ.读后续写(25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
You can always believe patience and perseverance (毅力) are always rewarded whatever you do. This was a lesson Eli learned. Eli is my seven-year-old grandson. I always teach him things I think he should know, and he tries to teach me to play some of the games that I have for him on my iPad. He is very patient and persistent, but so far no success with that. It's all just foreign to me.
The other day, Eli and his dad came for a visit. I could tell something was bothering him and asked him what was wrong. At first, he just shrugged and said nothing was wrong. But his body language told me a different story.
I asked again — pushing a little. Eli said that he was having a problem. He was trying to learn how to blow bubble-gum bubbles (口香糖泡泡). It seemed like all of his friends could blow bubble-gum bubbles, but he just couldn't do it. I tried to explain how to do it, but aside from making funny faces and sticking out my tongue, nothing got accomplished. He tried to do what I said. His cheeks puffed out (鼓起). His face got red. He made funny noises. But no bubbles.
Then I had an idea. I asked Eli if he had another piece of gum — and not the ABC kind. He did. He gave it to me. Now, I hadn't chewed a piece of bubble gum for years. Wow, it's sweet. And one piece is huge. It filled my entire mouth. I don't remember a piece of bubble gum being that big. I chewed and chewed and chewed. Finally, that piece of gum became more manageable.
I worked that piece of gum around in my mouth and wrapped it around my tongue, and then I slowly blew a bubble. Nice! I guess it's like riding a bicycle. Even though I hadn't tried blowing bubbles with bubble gum for years, I completely remembered how to do it at the first attempt.
After the bubble burst, I began to show Eli how to blow bubbles, but still nothing worked.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Just when we were both about to give up, he got that knowing kind of look on his face.____________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
“I blew a bubble.” Eli shouted excitedly._______________________
____________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Just when we were both about to give up, he got that knowing kind of look on his face. He moved the gum around in his mouth, wrapping it around his tongue. He sat up straighter, and then he slowly, very slowly, blew. His face got red, and his cheeks puffed out. Slowly, very slowly, a bubble appeared. It was a very tiny bubble, but it was still a bubble. His beautiful blue eyes just lit up. And then, “Pop！” As quickly as he blew it, it disappeared. But it didn't matter. Eli was so excited.
“I blew a bubble！” Eli shouted excitedly.“Oh, yes, Eli, I saw it. It was a perfect bubble, too. Please do it again.” Eli and I were blowing bubbles together and laughing. Each time he blew, the bubble would get a little bigger. Sometimes, the bubble would burst. Sometimes, mine did, too. We both wound up with bubble gum on our noses and chins, which made us laugh. Sometimes, the bubbles got really big and didn't burst. Success requires patience, right？ You can always believe patience and perseverance are always rewarded.
二、阅读拓展训练
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly (均匀地) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions，” Jack said.“Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favour the eyes and ignore the mouth.”
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed.As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories：happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did.“The cultural difference in eye movements that _____ show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions，” Jack said.“Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”
they
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion.From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion.Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的科学研究发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。西方人用整张脸来表达情感，而东方人更多地用眼睛而不是嘴巴。数据表明，面部表情并不是人类情感的普遍信号。
1．The discovery shows that Westerners ______ .
A．pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B．consider facial expressions universally reliable
C．observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D．have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，这一发现表明，西方人对眼睛和嘴巴的重视程度是一样的。故选A。
√
2．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 6 refer to？
A．The participants in the study.
B．The researchers of the study.
C．The errors made during the study.
D．The data collected from the study.
√
解析：代词指代题。结合上下文语境可推断出，“they”指的是第五段提到的这次研究的参与者。故选A。
3．What can be the best title for the text？
A．The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B．Cultural Differences in Reading Facial Expressions
C．Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D．How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding
√
解析：标题归纳题。一项新的科学研究发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。西方人用整张脸来表达情感，而东方人更多地用眼睛而不是嘴巴。数据表明，面部表情并不是人类情感的普遍信号。因此，本文的最佳标题为“解读面部表情的文化差异”。故选B。UNIT 4 课时检测(五) Writing
一、写作专项训练
Ⅰ.完成语段(12分)
He ran to the door, ①__________ (wave) his arms. However, she stood there with her arms ②________ (cross) in front of her chest and looked very angry. He opened his arms, ③________ (smile). But she turned around, ④____________ (try) to keep him at arm's length. As a result, he had to approach her and ⑤__________ (reach) out to catch her left arm. He took her arm, ⑥______________________________ (whisper) an apology, “I'm sorry.” They walked home arm in arm.
Ⅱ.应用文写作(15分)
假定你是李华，英语课上，你学习了有关“肢体语言”主题语境下各国的文化差异。请你用英语写一篇短文介绍一下。要点如下：
1．什么是肢体语言？ 2.肢体语言有什么作用？
3．使用肢体语言应注意的问题。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。
Body language
Ⅲ.读后续写(25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
You can always believe patience and perseverance (毅力) are always rewarded whatever you do. This was a lesson Eli learned. Eli is my seven year old grandson. I always teach him things I think he should know, and he tries to teach me to play some of the games that I have for him on my iPad. He is very patient and persistent, but so far no success with that. It's all just foreign to me.
The other day, Eli and his dad came for a visit. I could tell something was bothering him and asked him what was wrong. At first, he just shrugged and said nothing was wrong. But his body language told me a different story.
I asked again — pushing a little. Eli said that he was having a problem. He was trying to learn how to blow bubble gum bubbles (口香糖泡泡). It seemed like all of his friends could blow bubble gum bubbles, but he just couldn't do it. I tried to explain how to do it, but aside from making funny faces and sticking out my tongue, nothing got accomplished. He tried to do what I said. His cheeks puffed out (鼓起). His face got red. He made funny noises. But no bubbles.
Then I had an idea. I asked Eli if he had another piece of gum — and not the ABC kind. He did. He gave it to me. Now, I hadn't chewed a piece of bubble gum for years. Wow, it's sweet. And one piece is huge. It filled my entire mouth. I don't remember a piece of bubble gum being that big. I chewed and chewed and chewed. Finally, that piece of gum became more manageable.
I worked that piece of gum around in my mouth and wrapped it around my tongue, and then I slowly blew a bubble. Nice! I guess it's like riding a bicycle. Even though I hadn't tried blowing bubbles with bubble gum for years, I completely remembered how to do it at the first attempt.
After the bubble burst, I began to show Eli how to blow bubbles, but still nothing worked.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。
Just when we were both about to give up, he got that knowing kind of look on his face.
“I blew a bubble.” Eli shouted excitedly.
二、阅读拓展训练
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly (均匀地) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions，” Jack said.“Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favour the eyes and ignore the mouth.”
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed.As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories：happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did.“The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions，” Jack said.“Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion.From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion.Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
1．The discovery shows that Westerners ____.( )
A．pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B．consider facial expressions universally reliable
C．observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D．have more difficulty in recognizing facialexpressions
2．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 6 refer to？( )
A．The participants in the study.
B．The researchers of the study.
C．The errors made during the study.
D．The data collected from the study.
3．What can be the best title for the text？( )
A．The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B．Cultural Differences in Reading Facial Expressions
C．Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D．How to Increase Cross cultural Understanding
UNIT 4 课时检测(五)
一、写作专项训练
Ⅰ.①waving ②crossed ③smiling ④trying ⑤reached
⑥whispering
Ⅱ.应用文写作(参考范文)
Body language
Body language is used by people for sending messages to one another.It's an important form of nonverbal language, including facial expressions, gestures, eye contact, etc.
Body language provides us with hidden signals in communication.For example, we can tell that one is in a rush when he constantly checks his watch while talking to someone.Thus, ending the conversation soon is a wise choice.Proper use of body language can break the ice, but we also need to be careful when using body language, as it varies from culture to culture.
Convenient and useful as it may sound, remember, nodding your head may not mean yes in some cultures.
Ⅲ.读后续写(参考范文)
Just when we were both about to give up, he got that knowing kind of look on his face. He moved the gum around in his mouth, wrapping it around his tongue. He sat up straighter, and then he slowly, very slowly, blew. His face got red, and his cheeks puffed out. Slowly, very slowly, a bubble appeared. It was a very tiny bubble, but it was still a bubble. His beautiful blue eyes just lit up. And then, “Pop！” As quickly as he blew it, it disappeared. But it didn't matter. Eli was so excited.
“I blew a bubble！” Eli shouted excitedly.“Oh, yes, Eli, I saw it. It was a perfect bubble, too. Please do it again.” Eli and I were blowing bubbles together and laughing. Each time he blew, the bubble would get a little bigger. Sometimes, the bubble would burst. Sometimes, mine did, too. We both wound up with bubble gum on our noses and chins, which made us laugh. Sometimes, the bubbles got really big and didn't burst. Success requires patience, right You can always believe patience and perseverance are always rewarded.
二、阅读拓展训练
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的科学研究发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。西方人用整张脸来表达情感，而东方人更多地用眼睛而不是嘴巴。数据表明，面部表情并不是人类情感的普遍信号。
1．选A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，这一发现表明，西方人对眼睛和嘴巴的重视程度是一样的。故选A。
2．选A 代词指代题。结合上下文语境可推断出，“they”指的是第五段提到的这次研究的参与者。故选A。
3．选B 标题归纳题。一项新的科学研究发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。西方人用整张脸来表达情感，而东方人更多地用眼睛而不是嘴巴。数据表明，面部表情并不是人类情感的普遍信号。因此，本文的最佳标题为“解读面部表情的文化差异”。故选B。
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