Section Ⅲ Learning About Language
语法项目——主语从句
It is true that① experiences are acquired through our journey of life.What② we believe and how③ we look at things and people around us are based on all our experiences in life.Despite the fact that things and life are the way they are, we all have different opinions and beliefs about everything and everybody.Other people have opinions about us as well.But what④ really matters is the opinion we have about ourselves.You choose to accept and follow what other people believe, but whether⑤ you want to become yourself or live according to the reality of life is for you to decide.
[语法入门]
①从属连词that引导的从句作真正的主语，that在从句中不作成分；
②连接代词what引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语；
③连接副词how引导主语从句，并在从句中作状语；
④连接代词what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语；
⑤从属连词whether引导主语从句，不作成分。
[语境自主感知]
①That we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us.
②(教材典句)However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.
③(教材典句)However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.
④(教材典句)How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.
⑤(教材典句)Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops ...
[我的发现]
(1)以上黑体部分在句中作__________。
(2)②句中的whether意为：__________。
(3)③句中的what在从句中作__________。
(4)④句中的how在从句中作__________。
(5)⑤句中it是______________，真正的主语是后面that引导的从句。
[语法规则点拨]
一、定义
主语从句就是在复合句中作主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前并置于句首，也可用形式主语it代替，而将主语从句后置。
What made people excited was that the solar ship had completed around the world trip.
让人们激动的是这艘太阳能船已完成了环游世界的旅行。
二、主语从句的连接词及其句法功能
1．连接词that和whether/if
(1)that引导主语从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有词汇意义，只起连接作用，但不可省略。
That she survived the accident is a miracle.
她在这次事故中幸免于难是个奇迹。
(2)whether/if引导主语从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，意为“是否”，不可省略，有时也可用it作形式主语代替。
Whether the plan will be carried out is still unknown.
＝It is still unknown if/whether the plan will be carried out.
这个计划是否会被实施还不知道。
[名师点津] whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句中，但if引导的主语从句不可以位于句首，可用it作形式主语，if引导的从句后置作真正的主语。
2．连接代词(who, whose, whom, what, which, whichever, whoever, whomever, whatever等)
连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize.无论(你们)哪个先到都可以得到奖品。
Who will go to the concert is not known.
不知道谁会去听音乐会。
3．连接副词(when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等)
连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。
How this happened is not clear to anyone.
这件事是怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。
Where I spend my summer vacation is no business of yours.
我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。
[对点练]
(1)用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)__________ further astonished and touched me was that he handed me some cash for taking a bus.
②It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
③Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
④Your support is important to our work.______________ you can do helps.
⑤__________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
⑥__________ John was late for the class has been unexplained.
(2)完成句子
⑦(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)___________________________ is his famous philosophy of life.
给我印象最深的是他著名的人生哲学。
⑧__________________________________ depends much on the weather.
延迟的航班什么时候起飞主要取决于天气状况。
⑨__________________________________ doesn't matter too much.
她来不来都无关紧要。
三、主语从句中用it作形式主语的结构
1．It＋be＋形容词(obvious, true, important, strange, etc.)＋主语从句
It is important that he should know about this.他应该知道此事是重要的。
[名师点津] 在“It＋be＋形容词＋主语从句”结构中，若形容词为important, necessary, strange等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。
2．It＋be＋名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a pity, a/no surprise, etc.)＋主语从句
It's a pity that he didn't come.
很遗憾他没来。
3．It＋be＋过去分词(said, reported, suggested, expected, proved, etc.)＋主语从句
It is suggested that the meeting be put off.
有人建议会议应当延期。
[名师点津] 在“It＋be＋过去分词＋主语从句”结构中，过去分词若为suggested, ordered, required, advised等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。
4．It＋不及物动词(happen, seem, appear, remain, etc.)＋主语从句
It seems that it is going to rain.
看起来好像要下雨。
5．It＋及物动词＋宾语＋主语从句
It surprised him why they came to visit him suddenly.
让他吃惊的是他们为什么突然都来看他。
[对点练]
(1)完成句子
①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作) __________________ students should be grouped based on their language levels, personalities and so on.
建议根据学生的语言水平、性格等进行分组。
②________________________ I have to cancel the Sunday bookstore appointment with you.
非常遗憾我不得不取消我们周日一块逛书店的约定。
③________________________ you disagree with the plan.你好像不赞成这个计划。
④It is doubtful ______________________________________.她是否能来参加聚会还很难说。
⑤________________________ the harvest was bad that year.碰巧那年收成不好。
(2)用it作形式主语改写句子
⑥That he suddenly fell ill last month surprised us.
→____________________ he suddenly fell ill last month.
⑦Whether they will sell the house hasn't been decided yet.
→__________________________________ they will sell the house.
⑧That light travels in straight lines is known to all.
→____________________ light travels in straight lines.
四、主语从句中应注意的问题
1．从句要用陈述语序
What we will do next should be decided.
应该决定一下我们下一步该做什么。
2．主谓一致
(1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。
Where he will get a job after graduation has puzzled him much.
毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。
[名师点津] what引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。
What the school needs most are books.
这所学校最需要的是书。
(2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。
When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没决定下来。
When and where they will hold the meeting is not clear.
他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①What surprised me most __________ (be) that the man in rags was a millionaire.
②What he needs most __________ (be) money.
③When and where the party will be held ________________________ (decide) already.
④That the trapped coal workers are still alive __________ (be) a wonder.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．__________ will be in charge of the company is a mystery.
2．__________ we will hold a party tomorrow depends on the weather.
3．__________ cars will be parked in the future is a question.
4．It is very important __________ a student (should) learn English well.
5．________ is a pity that you missed the film.
6．__________ made her happy was that she won the game in such an important match.
7．__________ breaks the law should be punished.
8．__________ role he will play in the film hasn't been known.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．________________________ in his article was unknown to the general readers.
文章中他所提及的内容一般读者不知道。
2．________________________ whether the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.新组建的委员会的政策是否会付诸实施还有待观察。
3．______________________________________________________ was a big surprise to me.
她当时在电影院入口处对我来说是一件让我大吃一惊的事。
4．She is warm hearted, so______________________________________ she always helps those who are in trouble.
她是一个热心肠的人，因此她总是帮助那些处于困境中的人们就不足为奇了。
5．______________________________________ was that you had a strong teamwork spirit, which allowed us to complete our tasks very efficiently.我们最为欣赏的是你们有强烈的团队精神，这使我们高效地完成了任务。
Ⅲ.用正确的引导词完成下面短文
It is known ①__________ Wendy was a famous writer, but ②__________ she came from and ③__________ she was born in 1961 were still a mystery.④__________ they did know was that she was loved by poor people.Wendy was generous and helpful, but some people thought she was chasing fame.Wendy said ⑤__________ she didn't understand was why they were so narrow minded, but it didn't matter ⑥__________ others thought of her.She thought ⑦__________ she wanted to do was right.At the same time, ⑧__________ was the most important thing was that she helped the people in need.
Section Ⅲ
学案中理清
[我的发现] (1)主语 (2)是否 (3)主语 (4)状语
(5)形式主语
二、[对点练] ①What ②whether/if ③whoever
④Whatever ⑤How ⑥Why ⑦What impresses me most ⑧When the delayed flight will take off
⑨Whether she is coming or not
三、[对点练] ①It's suggested that ②It's a great pity that
③It seems that ④whether she will be able to come to the party ⑤It happened that ⑥It surprised us that
⑦It hasn't been decided yet whether ⑧It is known to all that
四、[对点练] ①was ②is ③has been decided ④is
应用中融通
Ⅰ.1.Who 2.Whether 3.Where 4.that 5.It 6.What
7．Whoever 8.What
Ⅱ.1.What he referred to 2.It remains to be seen
3．That she was at the entrance to the cinema then
4. it is no surprise/wonder that 5. What we appreciated most
Ⅲ.①that ②where ③whether ④What ⑤what ⑥what ⑦what ⑧what
6 / 6(共64张PPT)
Learning About Language
Section Ⅲ
语法项目——主语从句
语境中体悟
学案中理清
应用中融通
课时跟踪检测
Contents 目录
01
02
03
04
01
语境中体悟
It is true that① experiences are acquired through our journey of life.What② we believe and how③ we look at things and people around us are based on all our experiences in life.Despite the fact that things and life are the way they are，we all have different opinions and beliefs about everything and everybody.Other people have opinions about us as well.But what④ really matters is the opinion we have about ourselves.You choose to accept and follow what other people believe，but whether⑤ you want to become yourself or live according to the reality of life is for you to decide.
[语法入门]
①从属连词that引导的从句作真正的主语，that在从句中不作成分；
②连接代词what引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语；
③连接副词how引导主语从句，并在从句中作状语；
④连接代词what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语；
⑤从属连词whether引导主语从句，不作成分。
02
学案中理清
[语境自主感知]
①That we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us.
②(教材典句)However，whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.
③(教材典句)However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.
④(教材典句)How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.
⑤(教材典句)Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops ...
[我的发现]
(1)以上黑体部分在句中作 _____。
(2)②句中的whether意为： _____。
(3)③句中的what在从句中作_____。
(4)④句中的how在从句中作_____。
(5)⑤句中it是 _________，真正的主语是后面that引导的从句。
主语
是否
主语
状语
形式主语
[语法规则点拨]
一、定义
主语从句就是在复合句中作主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前并置于句首，也可用形式主语it代替，而将主语从句后置。
What made people excited was that the solar ship had completed around-the-world trip.
让人们激动的是这艘太阳能船已完成了环游世界的旅行。
二、主语从句的连接词及其句法功能
1．连接词that和whether/if
(1)that引导主语从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有词汇意义，只起连接作用，但不可省略。
That she survived the accident is a miracle.
她在这次事故中幸免于难是个奇迹。
(2)whether/if引导主语从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，意为“是否”，不可省略，有时也可用it作形式主语代替。
Whether the plan will be carried out is still unknown.
＝It is still unknown if/whether the plan will be carried out.
这个计划是否会被实施还不知道。
[名师点津] whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句中，但if引导的主语从句不可以位于句首，可用it作形式主语，if引导的从句后置作真正的主语。
2．连接代词(who，whose，whom，what，which，whichever，whoever，whomever，whatever等)
连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize.
无论(你们)哪个先到都可以得到奖品。
Who will go to the concert is not known.
不知道谁会去听音乐会。
3．连接副词(when，where，how，why，whenever，wherever，however等)
连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。
How this happened is not clear to anyone.
这件事是怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。
Where I spend my summer vacation is no business of yours.
我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。
[对点练]
(1)用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作) _____ further astonished and touched me was that he handed me some cash for taking a bus.
②It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
③Every year， ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
What
whether/if
whoever
④Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps.
⑤______ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
⑥______ John was late for the class has been unexplained.
Whatever
How
Why
(2)完成句子
⑦(2023·全国甲卷书面表达) _____________________ is his famous philosophy of life.
给我印象最深的是他著名的人生哲学。
⑧_______________________________ depends much on the weather.
延迟的航班什么时候起飞主要取决于天气状况。
⑨__________________________ doesn't matter too much.
她来不来都无关紧要。
What impresses me most
When the delayed flight will take off
Whether she is coming or not
三、主语从句中用it作形式主语的结构
1．It＋be＋形容词(obvious，true，important，strange，etc.)＋主语从句
It is important that he should know about this.
他应该知道此事是重要的。
[名师点津] 在“It＋be＋形容词＋主语从句”结构中，若形容词为important，necessary，strange等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。
2．It＋be＋名词词组(no wonder，an honour，a pity，a/no surprise，etc.)＋主语从句
It's a pity that he didn't come.
很遗憾他没来。
3．It＋be＋过去分词(said，reported，suggested，expected，proved，etc.)＋主语从句
It is suggested that the meeting be put off.
有人建议会议应当延期。
[名师点津] 在“It＋be＋过去分词＋主语从句”结构中，过去分词若为suggested，ordered，required，advised等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。
4．It＋不及物动词(happen，seem，appear，remain，etc.)＋主语从句
It seems that it is going to rain.
看起来好像要下雨。
5．It＋及物动词＋宾语＋主语从句
It surprised him why they came to visit him suddenly.
让他吃惊的是他们为什么突然都来看他。
[对点练]
(1)完成句子
①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作) ________________ students should be grouped based on their language levels，personalities and so on.
建议根据学生的语言水平、性格等进行分组。
② _________________ I have to cancel the Sunday bookstore appointment with you.
非常遗憾我不得不取消我们周日一块逛书店的约定。
It's suggested that
It's a great pity that
③___________ you disagree with the plan.
你好像不赞成这个计划。
④It is doubtful _______________________________________.
她是否能来参加聚会还很难说。
⑤________________ the harvest was bad that year.
碰巧那年收成不好。
It seems that
whether she will be able to come to the party
It happened that
(2)用it作形式主语改写句子
⑥That he suddenly fell ill last month surprised us.
→__________________ he suddenly fell ill last month.
⑦Whether they will sell the house hasn't been decided yet.
→ ______________________________ they will sell the house.
⑧That light travels in straight lines is known to all.
→ ___________________ light travels in straight lines.
It surprised us that
It hasn't been decided yet whether
It is known to all that
四、主语从句中应注意的问题
1．从句要用陈述语序
What we will do next should be decided.
应该决定一下我们下一步该做什么。
2．主谓一致
(1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。
Where he will get a job after graduation has puzzled him much.
毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。
[名师点津] what引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。
What the school needs most are books.
这所学校最需要的是书。
(2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。
When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.
他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没决定下来。
When and where they will hold the meeting is not clear.
他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①What surprised me most ___ (be) that the man in rags was a millionaire.
②What he needs most ___ (be) money.
③When and where the party will be held _______________ (decide) already.
④That the trapped coal workers are still alive ___ (be) a wonder.
was
is
has been decided
is
03
应用中融通
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．____ will be in charge of the company is a mystery.
2． ________ we will hold a party tomorrow depends on the weather.
3． _______ cars will be parked in the future is a question.
4．It is very important ____ a student (should) learn English well.
Who
Whether
Where
that
5． __ is a pity that you missed the film.
6． _____ made her happy was that she won the game in such an important match.
7．_________ breaks the law should be punished.
8． ______ role he will play in the film hasn't been known.
It
What
Whoever
What
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1. _________________ in his article was unknown to the general readers.
文章中他所提及的内容一般读者不知道。
2. __________________ whether the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.
新组建的委员会的政策是否会付诸实施还有待观察。
What he referred to
It remains to be seen
3. _________________________________________ was a big surprise to me.
她当时在电影院入口处对我来说是一件让我大吃一惊的事。
4．She is warm-hearted，so _________________________ she always helps those who are in trouble.
她是一个热心肠的人，因此她总是帮助那些处于困境中的人们就不足为奇了。
That she was at the entrance to the cinema then
it is no surprise/wonder that
5. _______________________ was that you had a strong teamwork spirit，which allowed us to complete our tasks very efficiently.
我们最为欣赏的是你们有强烈的团队精神，这使我们高效地完成了任务。
What we appreciated most
where
whether
Ⅲ.用正确的引导词完成下面短文
It is known ①____ Wendy was a famous writer，but ② _____ she came from and ③ _______ she was born in 1961 were still a mystery.④ ____ they did know was that she was loved by poor people.Wendy was generous and helpful，but some people thought she was chasing fame.Wendy said ⑤ ____ she didn't understand was why they were so narrow-minded，but it didn't matter ⑥ ____ others thought of her.She thought ⑦ ____ she wanted to do was right.At the same time，⑧ ____ was the most important thing was that she helped the people in need.
that
What
what
what
what
what
04
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A Rhode Island grower is the first in the world to achieve three records in the hobby of growing enormous foods.The three world records consist of the heaviest pumpkin and the longest gourd (葫芦)．And now it includes the heaviest squash (南瓜)．
Joe Jutras previously broke two records.Joe got his third last weekend when he broke the giant squash record.It weighed 2，118 pounds.This was at Frerichs Farm in Warren last Saturday.
His other titles came in 2006.That is when he broke the record for the longest gourd.It was a 126.5-inch gourd.In 2007，he broke the record for the largest pumpkin.It weighed in all 1，689 pounds.
___________________________________________ But Jutras is the only grower so far to break world records in the three most competitive categories.
“It feels great，” Jutras said on Monday.“It's really been a goal of mine to try to achieve this.”
Both previous records have since been surpassed.
Jutras has been working on the three records for a decade，since his pumpkin won.He was close to the goal a few years ago.But he failed.Now 62，Jutras recently retired from his work as a high-end cabinetmaker.He wants to devote more time to his hobby.
Jutras noted that others had won multiple world records for fruit and vegetables before.But they won in categories such as carrots that are not as competitive.
Jutras says his fruit is headed to New York City.It will be on display this month at the New York Botanical Garden.
Asked what he plans to do next，he says he's been thinking about the bushel gourd.
“I think the record now is about 279 pounds，” Jutras said.“That might be something I might want to get into a bit.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了乔·朱特拉的业余爱好是种植巨型蔬菜，他已成为世界上第一个在种植巨型蔬菜方面打破三项世界纪录的非专业人士。
1．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 mean
A．The records Jutras set in 2006 and 2007 have been broken by others.
B．Jutras was awarded a lot of money for the two records.
C．Jutras is determined to break his previous records.
D．No one else can compare with Jutras.
√
解析：句意理解题。此处指他以前的两项纪录已经被人超越了。故选A。
2．How do you find Jutras
A．He is brave and competitive.
B．He is creative and generous.
C．He is determined and ambitious.
D．He is excellent and light-hearted.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第五、六段可知，他是一个目标明确并且失败了也不退缩的人。故选C。
3．What can we know according to paragraph 7
A．Jutras is proud of his records.
B．Jutras thinks highly of other people's achievements.
C．Jutras will experiment with carrots.
D．Jutras will break more records for fruit and vegetables.
√
解析：推理判断题。第七段主要告诉我们朱特拉认为其他人在种植蔬菜水果方面也创造了多个世界纪录，但都是像胡萝卜这样不具备竞争力的种类。由此可知，他认为他的纪录比他们的厉害。故选A。
4．What can we infer from the text
A．Jutras' hobby is making cabinets.
B．Jutras is aimed to set a new world record in a bushel gourd.
C．Jutras will work at the New York Botanical Garden.
D．Jutras will feed more people.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后两段可知，朱特拉下一步想在bushel gourd这方面创造新的世界纪录。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
As the Chinese saying goes，“A seed can change the world; a variety can benefit a nation.”
Zhang Daorong，who has spent over 20 years ____ 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security，has done both.The 53-year-old，who is called the “mother of wheat”，is a ____ at the Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Xiangyang city.
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The research into new varieties requires ____ standards and careful experiments.“The first ____ is to find suitable parental types for a specific cultivation purpose.Then we try a hybrid combination，” Zhang explained.“After several generations of ____ and selection，and when characteristics remain stable，we ____ a two-year process of yield testing and disease identification.” And after several more rounds of tests，a(n) ____ for evaluation and approval can be made for market production.
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“Generally speaking，a good new ____ should produce high yields，have stable production，and ____ good resistance to bad conditions，” she added.“____ ，it should also be accepted by the market.”
Zhang added that the team ____ 70，000 to 80，000 seedlings (幼苗) each year.All year round they were busy ____ experiments on the growth of the new seedlings and making records and analyses.
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15
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“Agricultural research work is ____ and complicated.Sometimes your efforts do not ____ .All we can do then is think more， ____ more and find answers on the land，” she said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了被称为“小麦之母”的研究员张道荣为培育小麦新品种所付出的努力以及取得的成就。
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5．A.advertising B．developing
C．talking D．observing
√
解析：根据下文的“The research into new varieties”可知，张道荣是一名研究员。
6．A.journalist B．teacher
C．researcher D．manager
解析：根据下文的“13 new varieties of wheat”和“The 53-year-old，who is called the ‘mother of wheat’”可知，张道荣的工作是研发小麦新品种。
√
7．A.strict B．acceptable
C．reasonable D．objective
√
解析：根据下文的Then可知，此处是说的第一步。
8．A.way B．attempt
C．step D．question
解析：根据上文的“The research into new varieties ”和下文的“careful experiments”以及常识可知，新品种的研究需要严格的标准。
√
10．A.perform B．continue
C．follow D．repeat
9．A.encouragement B．support
C．management D．trial
√
解析：根据下文的“a two-year process of yield testing and disease identification”可知，此处是指进行产量测试。
解析：根据上文的“careful experiments”和“Then we try a hybrid combination”可知，此处说的是实验。
√
11．A.practice B．application
C．declaration D．invitation
√
解析：根据第二段的“13 new varieties of wheat”可知，此处指的是小麦品种。
12．A.environment B．machine
C．farmland D．variety
解析：根据下文的“for evaluation”可知，此处指申请评估。
√
13．A.produce B．enhance
C．show D．overcome
√
解析：根据上文的“a good new should produce high yields”和下文的“good resistance to bad conditions”可知，一个好的新品种应该对恶劣条件表现出良好的抵抗力。
15．A.watered B．bought
C．protected D．planted
14．A.Besides B．However
C．Therefore D．Otherwise
√
解析：根据下文的“70，000 to 80，000 seedlings”和常识可知，该团队是种植幼苗。
解析：下文的“it should also be accepted by the market”是对上文内容的进一步补充说明。
√
17．A.normal B．tough
C．varied D．specific
16．A.reporting B．designing
C．conducting D．studying
√
解析：根据下文的“complicated”和“Sometimes your efforts do not .”可知，农业研究工作既艰巨又复杂。
解析：根据下文的“experiments on the growth of the new seedlings”可知，此处是指对新苗的生长进行实验。
√
19．A.discuss B．obtain
C．insist D．gather
18．A.end up B．run out
C．break up D．pay off
√
解析：根据上文的“think more”可知，此处指的是多讨论，二者是相关的。
解析：根据上文的“Agricultural research work is and complicated.”可知，做农业研究工作，有时候努力不一定有回报。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)
The setup of the two friends' agricultural business is 20._______ (usual)．Their farm sits next to a gas station，inside a shipping container where the plants grow on vertically (垂直地) arranged shelves.Their operation is Malaysia-based and fresh produce 21. _____ (sell) directly to consumers in ways that bypass grocery stores，which differs 22. _____ the conventional business model.
Apart from the gas station，the shipping container's other 23. _____ (neighbor) are a golf course and an oil palm plantation.Inside，there are tightly packed shelves with various vegetables 24. _____ (plant) in the liquid，not soil，and growing under LED lights.The wallpaper outside shows blue sky and clouds， 25. _____ (bring) to mind the view of an old-fashioned farm.Its employees wear rubber gloves，surgical masks and white lab coats， 26. _____walk up and down in the narrow passage，as if they were in a hospital.
Mr Sha G．P.said it was quite likely 27. _____ he first became interested in vertical farming after he watched a film The Martian，in which an American astronaut is stranded (被滞留的) on Mars and learns to grow his own food.“Our sales 28. _____(double) over the past few months.After all，not many end users are willing to go back to the wet market，” said Mr.Shawn Ng.“So I think 29. _____ whole business model will continue to change.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了两位朋友共同创建的集装箱垂直农场的相关内容。
20．unusual 考查形容词。根据下文对集装箱垂直农场的介绍可知，这两位朋友创建的农业企业的布置方式非同寻常，故填unusual。unusual“特别的，不寻常的，罕见的”。
21．is sold 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观情况，应用一般现在时；sell 与fresh produce 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；produce“农产品”是不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数。故填is sold。
22．from 考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示他们的经营模式与传统的经营模式不同。differ from 是固定搭配，表示“与……不同”。
23．neighbors 考查名词复数。根据空前的“other”和空后的“are”可知，空处应用名词复数形式。故填neighbors。
24．planted 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语；plant与vegetables之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词。故填planted。
25．bringing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词短语作状语；bring与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填bringing。
26．and 考查连词。前后内容之间存在顺承关系，故填并列连词and。
27．that 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，it 为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，且句子成分完整，故填that。
28．have doubled 考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语“over the past few months”可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语为复数，故填have doubled。
29．the 考查冠词。此处表示肖恩·吴先生认为整个商业模式将会继续改变。根据语境可知，此处表示特指，故填定冠词the。UNIT 5 课时检测(三) Learning About Language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A Rhode Island grower is the first in the world to achieve three records in the hobby of growing enormous foods.The three world records consist of the heaviest pumpkin and the longest gourd (葫芦)．And now it includes the heaviest squash (南瓜)．
Joe Jutras previously broke two records.Joe got his third last weekend when he broke the giant squash record.It weighed 2,118 pounds.This was at Frerichs Farm in Warren last Saturday.
His other titles came in 2006.That is when he broke the record for the longest gourd.It was a 126.5 inch gourd.In 2007，he broke the record for the largest pumpkin.It weighed in all 1,689 pounds.
Both_previous_records_have_since_been_surpassed.But Jutras is the only grower so far to break world records in the three most competitive categories.
“It feels great，” Jutras said on Monday.“It's really been a goal of mine to try to achieve this.”
Jutras has been working on the three records for a decade, since his pumpkin won.He was close to the goal a few years ago.But he failed.Now 62，Jutras recently retired from his work as a high end cabinetmaker.He wants to devote more time to his hobby.
Jutras noted that others had won multiple world records for fruit and vegetables before.But they won in categories such as carrots that are not as competitive.
Jutras says his fruit is headed to New York City.It will be on display this month at the New York Botanical Garden.
Asked what he plans to do next, he says he's been thinking about the bushel gourd.
“I think the record now is about 279 pounds，” Jutras said.“That might be something I might want to get into a bit.”
1．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 mean
A．The records Jutras set in 2006 and 2007 have been broken by others.
B．Jutras was awarded a lot of money for the two records.
C．Jutras is determined to break his previous records.
D．No one else can compare with Jutras.
2．How do you find Jutras
A．He is brave and competitive.
B．He is creative and generous.
C．He is determined and ambitious.
D．He is excellent and light hearted.
3．What can we know according to paragraph 7
A．Jutras is proud of his records.
B．Jutras thinks highly of other people's achievements.
C．Jutras will experiment with carrots.
D．Jutras will break more records for fruit and vegetables.
4．What can we infer from the text
A．Jutras' hobby is making cabinets.
B．Jutras is aimed to set a new world record in a bushel gourd.
C．Jutras will work at the New York Botanical Garden.
D．Jutras will feed more people.
Ⅱ.完形填空
As the Chinese saying goes, “A seed can change the world; a variety can benefit a nation.”
Zhang Daorong, who has spent over 20 years __5__ 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security, has done both.The 53 year old, who is called the “mother of wheat”， is a __6__ at the Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Xiangyang city.
The research into new varieties requires __7__ standards and careful experiments.“The first __8__ is to find suitable parental types for a specific cultivation purpose.Then we try a hybrid combination，” Zhang explained.“After several generations of __9__ and selection, and when characteristics remain stable, we __10__ a two year process of yield testing and disease identification.” And after several more rounds of tests, a(n) __11__ for evaluation and approval can be made for market production.
“Generally speaking, a good new __12__ should produce high yields, have stable production, and __13__ good resistance to bad conditions，” she added.“ __14__ , it should also be accepted by the market.”
Zhang added that the team __15__ 70,000 to 80,000 seedlings (幼苗) each year.All year round they were busy __16__ experiments on the growth of the new seedlings and making records and analyses.
“Agricultural research work is __17__ and complicated.Sometimes your efforts do not __18__.All we can do then is think more, __19__ more and find answers on the land，” she said.,
5．A.advertising B．developing
C．talking D．observing
6．A.journalist B．teacher
C．researcher D．manager
7．A.strict B．acceptable
C．reasonable D．objective
8．A.way B．attempt
C．step D．question
9．A.encouragement B．support
C．management D．trial
10．A.perform B．continue
C．follow D．repeat
11．A.practice B．application
C．declaration D．invitation
12．A.environment B．machine
C．farmland D．variety
13．A.produce B．enhance
C．show D．overcome
14．A.Besides B．However
C．Therefore D．Otherwise
15．A.watered B．bought
C．protected D．planted
16．A.reporting B．designing
C．conducting D．studying
17．A.normal B．tough
C．varied D．specific
18．A.end up B．run out
C．break up D．pay off
19．A.discuss B．obtain
C．insist D．gather
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)
The setup of the two friends' agricultural business is 20.______________ (usual)．Their farm sits next to a gas station, inside a shipping container where the plants grow on vertically (垂直地) arranged shelves.Their operation is Malaysia based and fresh produce 21.________________ (sell) directly to consumers in ways that bypass grocery stores, which differs 22.________ the conventional business model.
Apart from the gas station, the shipping container's other 23.__________________ (neighbor) are a golf course and an oil palm plantation.Inside, there are tightly packed shelves with various vegetables 24.______________________ (plant) in the liquid, not soil, and growing under LED lights.The wallpaper outside shows blue sky and clouds, 25.______________________ (bring) to mind the view of an old fashioned farm.Its employees wear rubber gloves, surgical masks and white lab coats, 26.____________ walk up and down in the narrow passage, as if they were in a hospital.
Mr Sha G．P.said it was quite likely 27.______ he first became interested in vertical farming after he watched a film The Martian, in which an American astronaut is stranded (被滞留的) on Mars and learns to grow his own food.“Our sales 28.________________ (double) over the past few months.After all, not many end users are willing to go back to the wet market，” said Mr.Shawn Ng.“So I think 29.________________ whole business model will continue to change.”
UNIT 5 课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了乔·朱特拉的业余爱好是种植巨型蔬菜，他已成为世界上第一个在种植巨型蔬菜方面打破三项世界纪录的非专业人士。
1．选A 句意理解题。此处指他以前的两项纪录已经被人超越了。故选A。
2．选C 推理判断题。根据第五、六段可知，他是一个目标明确并且失败了也不退缩的人。故选C。
3．选A 推理判断题。第七段主要告诉我们朱特拉认为其他人在种植蔬菜水果方面也创造了多个世界纪录，但都是像胡萝卜这样不具备竞争力的种类。由此可知，他认为他的纪录比他们的厉害。故选A。
4．选B 推理判断题。根据文章最后两段可知，朱特拉下一步想在bushel gourd这方面创造新的世界纪录。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了被称为“小麦之母”的研究员张道荣为培育小麦新品种所付出的努力以及取得的成就。
5．选B 根据下文的“13 new varieties of wheat”和“The 53 year old, who is called the ‘mother of wheat’”可知，张道荣的工作是研发小麦新品种。
6．选C 根据下文的“The research into new varieties”可知，张道荣是一名研究员。
7．选A 根据上文的“The research into new varieties ”和下文的“careful experiments”以及常识可知，新品种的研究需要严格的标准。
8．选C 根据下文的Then可知，此处是说的第一步。
9．选D 根据上文的“careful experiments”和“Then we try a hybrid combination”可知，此处说的是实验。
10．选A 根据下文的“a two year process of yield testing and disease identification”可知，此处是指进行产量测试。
11．选B 根据下文的“for evaluation”可知，此处指申请评估。
12．选D 根据第二段的“13 new varieties of wheat”可知，此处指的是小麦品种。
13．选C 根据上文的“a good new ________ should produce high yields”和下文的“good resistance to bad conditions”可知，一个好的新品种应该对恶劣条件表现出良好的抵抗力。
14．选A 下文的“it should also be accepted by the market”是对上文内容的进一步补充说明。
15．选D 根据下文的“70,000 to 80,000 seedlings”和常识可知，该团队是种植幼苗。
16．选C 根据下文的“experiments on the growth of the new seedlings”可知，此处是指对新苗的生长进行实验。
17．选B 根据下文的“complicated”和“Sometimes your efforts do not ________.”可知，农业研究工作既艰巨又复杂。
18．选D 根据上文的“Agricultural research work is _________ and complicated.”可知，做农业研究工作，有时候努力不一定有回报。
19．选A 根据上文的“think more”可知，此处指的是多讨论，二者是相关的。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了两位朋友共同创建的集装箱垂直农场的相关内容。
20．unusual 考查形容词。根据下文对集装箱垂直农场的介绍可知，这两位朋友创建的农业企业的布置方式非同寻常，故填unusual。unusual“特别的，不寻常的，罕见的”。
21．is sold 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观情况，应用一般现在时；sell 与fresh produce 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；produce“农产品”是不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数。故填is sold。
22．from 考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示他们的经营模式与传统的经营模式不同。differ from 是固定搭配，表示“与……不同”。
23．neighbors 考查名词复数。根据空前的“other”和空后的“are”可知，空处应用名词复数形式。故填neighbors。
24．planted 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语；plant与vegetables之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词。故填planted。
25．bringing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词短语作状语；bring与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填bringing。
26．and 考查连词。前后内容之间存在顺承关系，故填并列连词and。
27．that 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，it 为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，且句子成分完整，故填that。
28．have doubled 考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语“over the past few months”可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语为复数，故填have doubled。
29．the 考查冠词。此处表示肖恩·吴先生认为整个商业模式将会继续改变。根据语境可知，此处表示特指，故填定冠词the。
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