单元素养测评卷(二)
1—5 ACCBB6—10 ABBAC11—15 ACABA16—20 BAABB
21—25 BDBAB 26—30 DCACB 31—35 CCBAB 36—40 GFCAE
41—45 BADDA 46—50 CBABD 51—55 CCBAC
第一部分
录音稿
Text 1
W: That was a great movie. The special effects were cool.
M: I really liked the story and the acting. But the movie could have been a bit shorter.
Text 2
M: Aren’t you up yet We’ll never get to the airport on time at this rate.
W: Don’t rush me. We’ve got plenty of time. The plane only leaves at eleven o’clock.
Text 3
M: I wonder if our children will still be able to breathe clean air, drink clean water and see a blue sky.
W: Yes. I think it’s time man learned to live in harmony with the earth instead of destroying it.
Text 4
M: Mary, a recent study on job interviews says the best meeting time is between 9:00 and 11:00 in the morning, and the worst is after 3:00 in the afternoon.
W: Good news indeed. Mine is at 10:00 am.
M: Oh, you are lucky.
Text 5
W: Hi, Mike. I stopped by to see if you were still looking for a roommate to share your house. My brother wants to move out.
M: Yep, I sure am. Ever since I cut back on my work hours to go to school, I’ve been really low on cash.
Text 6
M: You don’t get sick very often, Tina.
W: Well, I wash my hands a lot. That helps kill germs.
M: Do you do anything else
W: I do other simple things. I drink lots of water and get enough sleep.
M: I need more sleep.
W: Rest is important when you’re sick. Maybe you should go home.
M: I should.
W: And please throw away those tissues first.
Text 7
M: Hi, Lucy. How was your weekend
W: Great. You know, we went mountain climbing in the forest park. The air was so different from the city, cool and fresh.
M: Sounds great!
W: Yeah. There wasn’t a cloud in the sky. And we could see for miles from the top. What about you What did you do
M: Busy packing.
W: Oh, yes, of course. I forgot you and Jenny are moving into a new house. It’s on Wednesday, isn’t it
M: Yeah, two days after. I didn’t realize there are so many things to do.
W: Can I help out with anything
M: Um, it’ll be nice if you could take care of Henry for a couple of days.
W: Henry
M: Yes, my dog.
W: Oh, sure. No problem. You just focus on the move.
Text 8
W: Welcome to this edition of writers. Tonight we have Steven Darcy with us. Congratulations on your book Life and Everything in Between, Steven. It’s such a success.
M: Thank you.
W: Is this your first attempt at poetry Did you ever try it before Did you take any classes in poetry
M: Well, my only real experience was writing business plans. Other than that, I have zero experience, where writing is concerned. I have always had a good grasp of the English language, thanks to my mum who started me reading when I was very little.
W: What is the hardest thing about creating your work
M: Definitely finding the perfect words to fit what I wanted to say. There’s always a word or two that I might still rewrite if given the chance.
W: Will there be more collections of poetry
M: There will be more of something I suppose. But maybe not poetry. I really don’t see myself as a poet. Rather, I see what I wrote as a kind of writing that might inspire people in some way.
Text 9
M: Welcome Jenny and I have got lots to tell you.
W: That’s right. This week Westfield Radio runs its annual competition. Last year it was to find the best dancer, and next year it will be the turn of local actors to enter. But this year we’re looking for the best singer in our city.
M: And what are the rules
W: Not many. You need to phone your entry. We don’t accept entries through the Internet or by fax.
M: Right. Well, it’s school holidays this week, so what’s on offer
W: The sports hall will open an hour earlier than usual at 8:00 am and shut later at 10:30 pm instead of nine. The indoor football ground is always popular and has to be booked in advance.
M: But what about the new swimming pool
W: Not quite such good news, I’m afraid. It will be open about a week later than planned, but good news now—there will be no charge for swimmers for the first week. It’s the same size as the old one, but it is much better equipped.
M: That’s great.
Text 10
M: I can’t tell you how many times someone has said to me, “Man, what a cake job! I mean, you only work 4 hours a day!” It’s true that I do a morning programme from 6:00 am to 10:00 am, but it isn’t all my work time each day. I get up at 2:00 am, and then I take a quick shower and sit down at my computer. I collect programme information and update our programme’s website until 4:30 am. I arrive at the radio station at 5:00 am and spend the next hour preparing, recording and so on. The programme begins at 6:00 am and goes until 10:00 am. After that often I can walk out soon, but sometimes there are meetings. Then I go home and answer programme e-mails, have lunch and have a short rest. Then at about 4:00 pm, I begin preparing for the next day. It usually lasts two hours. So, the 4-hour-day work timetable is much longer than most people think. Luckily, I really enjoy what I do. It’s not only my work, but also my hobby.
第二部分
第一节
A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四位在困境中崛起的杰出人物。
21.B 细节理解题。根据Oprah Winfrey部分中“Probably having one of the most famous success stories, Oprah was born into a poor family in Mississippi, raised by a single mother living on welfare.”及Jim Carrey部分中“But Jim grew up extremely poor in Canada.”可知,Oprah和Jim都生在穷苦家庭。故选B项。
22.D 细节理解题。根据James Dyson部分中“Not only that, he put his entire savings account into his prototypes over fifteen years! Luckily, the bagless vacuum worked.”可知,James Dyson成功研发出了无尘袋吸尘器。故选D项。
23.B 细节理解题。根据Stephen King部分中“Before Stephen King became known as a great living writer—having written over 60 novels, many of which have been adapted for film and television—King was rejected over and over again.”可知,Stephen King是一位小说家。故选B项。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的亲身经历,揭示了订阅服务可能导致消费者在不知不觉中花费巨额资金,产生后台支出(background spending),同时也指出了这种消费模式的便利性和潜在问题。
24.A 推理判断题。由第二段中“Think of it as an automated trade. Spending without the trouble of spending. Acquisition without action or thought.”可知,作者是在描述后台支出的特征,即它是一种自动化的、不需要思考或行动的消费。故选A项。
25.B 推理判断题。由第五段“‘Hand over your credit card details and let us take care of the rest,’ these companies promote. But by agreeing to this trade, we’ve become lazy, passive consumers. And this laziness contributes to more laziness because most of us can’t be bothered with conducting regular reviews of our subscription spending. We’re too lazy to even notice or cancel it!”和第六段中“Not a single person surveyed knew what his actually monthly spending was.”可知,有些人的坏习惯让后台支出成为可能。故选B项。
26.D 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中“It’s understandable why this model is so attractive to businesses. As companies questioned traditional advertising models, subscriptions offered the promise of ‘selling once and earning forever’.”可知,因为订阅模式通过一次销售带来了重复的利润,所以对企业有吸引力。故选D项。
27.C 推理判断题。由最后一段中“While these subscriptions promise ease and happiness, not all of us are satisfied. Last year, the Kearney Consumer Institute found 40 percent of consumers believe they have too many subscriptions. Almost half of us also think we pay too much for streaming video-on-demand subscriptions…”可知,作者对后台支出持批评态度,认为消费者为此支出了太多。故选C项。
C
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。现代生活与人类进化过程中形成的适应性特征之间不匹配的现象被称为进化失配(evolutionary mismatch),这种不匹配可能导致竞争和地位焦虑,进而引发焦虑或抑郁。
28.A 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“Research is showing that many of our contemporary problems, such as the rising amount of mental health issues, are emerging from rapid technological advancement and modernisation.”(研究表明,我们当代的许多问题,如越来越多的心理健康问题,都是由于快速的技术进步和现代化而出现的。)和第二段“Mismatches happen when an evolved adaptation, either physical or psychological, becomes misaligned with the environment.”(当一种进化的生理或心理的适应与环境不一致时,就会发生不匹配。)可知,misaligned指的是进化而来的适应性特征与现代环境或当前条件不一致。故选A。
29.C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Because they have to navigate in the dark, they evolved to use the moon for direction. But due to the invention of artificial lighting, many moths and flies are drawn to street lamps and indoor lights instead.”(因为它们必须在黑暗中飞行,它们进化到用月亮来指引方向。但是由于人工照明的发明,许多飞蛾和苍蝇被路灯和室内灯所吸引。)可知,飞蛾及其他夜间飞行的苍蝇,进化到利用月光导航;但人工照明的发明导致它们被路灯和室内灯光吸引,使其导航受到干扰,从而迷失方向。作者以此为例,来解释进化失配,即进化的特征与现代环境不匹配这一现象。故选C。
30.B 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Humans evolved to care about social status, which motivates us to put right status gaps between ourselves and others.”(人类进化到关心社会地位,这促使我们纠正自己与他人之间的地位差距。)可知,人们并未减少对社会地位的关注,因此 B 选项符合题干要求。故选B。
31.C 推理判断题。根据第六段“Social media worsens the problems associated with social comparisons. As people typically share the best sides of themselves online, social media presents an inaccurate impression of reality, which can make viewers feel worse about their own.”(社交媒体加剧了与社会比较相关的问题。由于人们通常在网上分享自己最好的一面,社交媒体呈现出对现实的不准确的印象,这会让观众对自己感觉更糟。)可知,社交媒体给人留下了一种不准确的现实印象,而这可能导致观众对自己感觉更糟,从而误导了人们对于个人价值的感知和看法。故选C。
D
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字孪生体的概念、应用、历史背景以及潜在的风险,旨在向读者普及这一科技领域的新知识。
32.C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“This so-called digital twin will be a working model of your body that can be summoned (调用) onto a physician’s computer screen.”(这个所谓的数字孪生体将是你身体的一个工作模型,可以被调用到医生的电脑屏幕上。)可知,数字孪生体是一个虚拟的副本或模型。故选C。
33.B 段落大意题。根据文章第三段“The idea of creating symbolic representations of real-world things is centuries old. Many ancient civilisations built architectural models, sometimes to place into tombs but also to work out how to build things. Double-entry bookkeeping, developed in the 15th century, was a paper-based representation of a merchant’s finances. The Phillips Machine, a hydraulic computer from the 1940s, created a physical ‘twin’ of national economic flows.”(创造符号来表示现实世界中的事物这一想法已有数百年历史。许多古代文明都建造了建筑模型,有时是为了放入陵墓中,有时也是为了研究如何建造建筑。15世纪发展起来的复式记账法,是商人财务状况的一种纸质表现形式。20世纪40年代的菲利普斯机器是一种水力计算机,它创建了国家经济流动的实体“孪生体”。)可知,本段中作者通过列举古代文明建造建筑模型、15世纪发展的复式记账法以及20世纪40年代的菲利普斯机器的例子,来说明符号表示法随着时间的推移在不断地发展和演变。故选B。
34.A 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“They can act as virtual crystal balls, allowing people to peer into the future, spot problems before they materialise and test wild ideas without real-world consequences. Digital twins offer the ultimate sandbox in which castles can be built and tested before being made real.”(它们可以充当虚拟的水晶球,让人们窥视未来,在问题出现之前就发现它们,并在不会产生现实后果的前提下测试疯狂的想法。数字孪生体提供了一个终极的沙盒,在这里面,人们可以在将城堡变成现实之前建造和测试它们。)可知,数字孪生体与沙盒的相似之处在于它们都允许人们在不产生现实后果的情况下进行测试。故选A。
35.B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“There is also the danger of tunnel vision as humans rely more and more on digital twins—and miss things that sensors might not be able to capture. Yet these risks are not specific to digital twins. They apply to all.”(随着人类越来越依赖数字孪生体,还存在视野狭隘的危险——可能会错过传感器无法捕捉到的东西。然而,这些风险并非数字孪生体所特有,而是普遍存在的。)以及整段内容可知,最后一段提到数字孪生体可能带来的风险,如数据错误、隐私泄露和视野狭隘等,但同时也指出这些风险并不是数字孪生体独有的,而是许多技术都可能面临的问题。因此,我们可以推断出这些风险在许多技术中都普遍存在。故选B。
第二节
【文章大意】 这是一篇议论文。文章围绕失败、疲劳和成功的关系展开论述,作者以亲身经历为例提出解决启动疲劳和执行疲劳的措施。
36.G 根据上文“There is nothing more exhausting than not succeeding.”和下文“In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult.”可知,空格处应指出疲惫感分为两种,从而引出下文。选项G(有两种方式的疲劳——启动疲劳和执行疲劳。)指出了两种疲劳,符合语境。故选G。
37.F 根据上文“In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel. Such start-up fatigue (疲劳) is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles or bones.”可推知,我们会因为拖延太无聊或太难的工作而感到疲惫不堪。选项F(这种解决方案是不容易被使用的:总是先处理最困难的工作。)提出了一个解决这种问题的办法,即先处理最困难的事,符合语境。故选F。
38.C 根据下文“Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, no matter how hard we work, we fail again and again.”可知,此处论述另一种疲劳——执行疲劳。选项C(执行疲劳更难解决。)符合本段段意。故选C。
39.A 根据上文“When planning Encyclopedia Britannica, I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Day after day, I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked.”可知,作者在做一项任务时,日复一日地想不出可行的办法,选项A(我的疲劳几乎无法忍受。)承接上文。故选A。
40.E 根据上文“Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.”和下文“In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step.”可知,空前讲述作者睡着了,空处应为醒来后有了解决办法,选项E(一个小时后,我突然醒来,脑海中清晰地浮现出解决方案。)承上启下。故选E。
第三部分
第一节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了蒋小溪作为一名外卖骑手的故事,她是美团在深圳管理的一个外卖站点的司机和负责人。她坚持努力工作,还清了因母亲的医疗费用欠下的债务。尽管遇到了一些不愉快的事情,但她记住了那些温暖的经历,希望通过努力工作实现自己的梦想。
41.B 根据下文“Jiang Xiaoxi, 23, is a driver and team…of a food-delivery station managed by online service platform Meituan, in Shenzhen.”可知,蒋小溪是一位外卖员,因此这里是指规划好配送的路线。故选B项。project项目;route路线;access通道;journey旅行。
42.A 根据下文“In 2021, Jiang became the station team director in Shajing.”可知,她是外卖站的负责人。故选A项。leader负责人;player玩家;member成员;blogger博主。
43.D 根据下文keep going可知,此处是指不要失去前进的勇气。故选D项。mission使命;time时间;ability能力;courage勇气。
44.D 根据下文on WeChat可知,此处指发送在微信上的一则消息。故选D项。detail细节;notice通知;account账户;message消息。
45.A 根据下文her mother’s medical treatments可知,她的妈妈身体状况不好。故选A项。poor差的,虚弱的;good好的;mental心理的;physical生理的。
46.C 根据下文“…yourself well to the job…”可知,此处是指适应工作,adapt oneself to为固定短语,表示“使自己适应”。故选C项。guide指导;help帮助;adapt适应;donate捐赠。
47.B 根据下文the debts可知,此处指的是付清了债务。故选B项。put off推迟;pay off付清;give in屈服;hand in上交。
48.A 根据“…but only heart-warming experiences remain…in her memory.”可知,此处指的是只有温暖的经历记忆犹新。故选A项。 fresh新的,新鲜的;tough艰难的;correct正确的;familiar熟悉的。
49.B 根据下文the heavy rain可知,此处指的是冒着大雨送外卖。故选B项。settle解决;brave勇敢面对,冒(风险);escape躲避;prevent防止。
50.D 根据下文“…it had been late for a long time…”可知,此处是指不幸。故选D项。curiously好奇地;accidentally意外地;surprisingly惊奇地;unfortunately不幸地。
51.C 根据下文“…the customer gave Jiang some milk and cookies.”可知,顾客并没有抱怨她的迟到。故选C项。respond回应;refuse拒绝;complain抱怨;confirm确定。
52.C 根据上文“…instead, the customer gave Jiang some milk and cookies. ‘At that moment, tears welled up in my eyes,’…”可知,这是蒋的回忆。故选C项。cry哭;whisper低声说;recall回忆;demand要求。
53.B 根据下文“…holds the record of making nearly 100 deliveries in a day.”可知,蒋总是精力充沛,所以才能够一天送近百份外卖。故选B项。talent天赋;energy精力;emotion情绪;pressure压力。
54.A 根据下文“…as she knows almost every corner within her delivery area.”可知,她对她所配送的地区很熟悉,是一个活地图。故选A项。map地图;threat威胁;image图像;memory回忆。
55.C 根据上下文句意可知,此处指的是越努力,越幸运。故选C项。busier更忙的;richer更富有的;luckier更幸运的;merrier更愉快的。
第二节
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了英国人喝咖啡的饮食文化以及英国的“咖啡周”文化。
56.extended 考查非谓语动词。这里考查 with的复合结构, fingers和extend之间是被动关系,所以应用过去分词作宾补。故填extended。
57.A 考查冠词。这里考查a glance,表示“一眼;一瞥”,且位于句首时首字母应大写。故填A。
58.addicts 考查名词复数。addict表示“上瘾者”,为可数名词,此处要用复数形式与上文we对应。故填addicts。
59.countless 考查形容词。这里应用形容词作定语,修饰后面的名词,countless表示“无数的”,为形容词,符合句意。故填countless。
60.to 考查介词。move from A to B表示“从A变化到了B”。故填to。
61.which 考查定语从句。这里考查非限制性定语从句,先行词为UK Coffee Week,指物,在从句中作主语,所以这里应用关系代词which。故填which。
62.to raise 考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作目的状语,表示“为了筹钱”。故填to raise。
63.have occupied 考查动词时态和语态。此空考查谓语动词,chain stores与occupy为主动关系,再由in the past 15 years可知,应用现在完成时。故填have occupied。
64.annoying 考查形容词。分析句子可知,此空应填形容词作定语,修饰后面的名词noise,annoying表示“恼人的”,为形容词,符合句意。故填annoying。
65.further 考查副词比较级。分析句子可知,这里表示进一步加强,故用 far的比较级 further。故填further。
第四部分
第一节
One possible version:
An obstacle I overcame
When I was young, I wanted to become a basketball player. However, while in high school, I faced an obstacle that almost broke my dream.
What always upset me was that I was not tall enough and that I lacked the skills that many of my teammates had. However, I didn’t pass it up. I made my mind to polish my skills. As the days passed, the coach started to notice my efforts too, giving me more playing time.
By overcoming my obstacle, I realized that it is hard work and perseverance that are the key to success.
第二节
【思路点拨】 本文是一篇记叙文,以人物为线索展开。作者的妈妈说服作者在《爱丽丝梦游仙境》中扮演鱼仆人,对忘台词的害怕和奇怪的服装让作者非常紧张。然而上台后作者平复了心情,完美完成了自己的表演。作者终于克服了自己的恐惧,准备迎接未来的挑战。
【详解】
1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句“我知道是时候进去了。”可知,第一段可以描写作者从紧张到在舞台上稳定心绪的过程。
②由第二段首句“为了给观众留下深刻的印象,我把自己的情感倾注在表演中。”可知,第二段可以描写作者成功完成了表演,惊艳了观众。
2.续写线索:心情紧张—走上舞台—看到妈妈—受到鼓舞—尽情表演—惊艳观众—克服恐惧
One possible version:
I knew it was my time to enter. My heart pounded like a drum while my feet remained firmly planted on the floor(时间状语从句). Knowing that Mum was expecting my appearance(现在分词作状语), I took a deep breath and stepped onto the stage, ready to face the unknown(形容词作状语). I could hear the murmurs of the audience, but at that time, I saw Mum among them. Inspired(过去分词作状语), I managed to perform as I had done in rehearsals(方式状语从句).
Determined to leave a lasting impression, I poured my emotions into the performance. Forgetting the fear(现在分词作状语), I allowed myself to become the Fish Footman. My movements became flexible and natural, which echoed the grace of an underwater dancer(定语从句). Each line I spoke(定语从句) was filled with sincerity, and the audience’s initial laughter transformed into complete silence. By the time my part ended(时间状语从句), the applause thundered like a welcome home. At that moment, I knew I had overcome my fear and was ready to face the challenge in the future.单元素养测评卷(二)
Unit 2
(时间:120分钟 分值:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
( )1.What was the man dissatisfied with about the movie
A.The length. B.The acting. C.The special effects.
( )2.Where are the two speakers going
A.To the car. B.To their home. C.To the airport.
( )3.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A.Health. B.Education. C.Environment.
( )4.When will the woman have a job interview
A.At 9:00 am. B.At 10:00 am. C.At 3:00 pm.
( )5.What do we know about the man
A.He is out of work.
B.He is short of money.
C.He lives with his brother.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
( )6.Why does the man go home
A.He is sick. B.He is sleepy. C.He is thirsty.
( )7.What should the man do first
A.Wash his hands. B.Throw away the tissues.
C.Drink some water.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
( )8.Where did the woman go at the weekend
A.The city centre. B.The forest park.
C.The man’s home.
( )9.How did the man spend his weekend
A.Packing for a move. B.Going out with Jenny.
C.Looking for a new house.
( )10.What will the woman do for the man
A.Take Henry to hospital. B.Stay with his kid.
C.Look after his pet.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
( )11.What is the woman doing
A.Hosting a TV show.
B.Giving a lecture on poetry.
C.Having a radio debate.
( )12.How did the man’s mother contribute to his success in poetry
A.She sent him to poetry classes.
B.She taught him to write business plans.
C.She asked him to read from early childhood.
( )13.What does the man find most difficult in writing
A.Choosing the right words.
B.Describing real experiences.
C.Getting an appropriate opportunity.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
( )14.What does the competition try to find this year
A.The best dancer. B.The best singer.
C.The best actor.
( )15.How should people enter the competition
A.By phone. B.By fax.
C.Through the Internet.
( )16.When does the sports hall close this week
A.At 8:00 pm. B.At 10:30 pm. C.At 9:00 pm.
( )17.What does the woman say about the new swimming pool
A.It will be free for the first week.
B.It is bigger than the old one.
C.It will be open earlier than planned.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
( )18.When does the speaker get to the radio station
A.At 5:00 am. B.At 4:30 am. C.At 6:00 am.
( )19.What does the speaker do first after getting home
A.Take a quick shower.
B.Deal with programme e-mails.
C.Prepare for the next day.
( )20.What is the speaker mainly talking about
A.His new website. B.His work timetable.
C.His work experience.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5 分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Famous people who begin with difficulties
Oprah Winfrey
Probably having one of the most famous success stories, Oprah was born into a poor family in Mississippi, raised by a single mother living on welfare. She was physically and mentally abused during her childhood. Despite her initial struggles as a young girl, she turned herself into one of the most successful talk show hosts of our time.
Jim Carrey
Jim Carrey has been the star of some of the most successful movies of all time. But Jim grew up extremely poor in Canada. When he was a teenager, his family took security jobs in a factory to help pay the bills. And during his first stand-up comedy performance, he was booed (喝倒彩) off the stage. Not shortly after, he made it big on In Living Colour and then went on to star in Dumb & Dumber, The Mask, and Ace Ventura in the same year!
James Dyson
If you thought Thomas Edison’s failures were bad, let me introduce you to James Dyson, the famous inventor of the Dyson vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) you see all over the television. Dyson developed over 5,000 failed prototypes (原型) before finding the bagless vacuum brand. Not only that, he put his entire savings account into his prototypes over fifteen years! Luckily, the bagless vacuum worked.
Stephen King
Before Stephen King became known as a great living writer—having written over 60 novels, many of which have been adapted for film and television—King was rejected over and over again. In his memoir,On Writing, King describes how he used to post his rejection letters on the wall for inspiration. His first novel, Carrie, was rejected 30 times.
( )21.What did Oprah and Jim have in common
A.They were abused by parents.
B.They grew up in poor families.
C.They were hired as comedians.
D.They found jobs in a factory.
( )22.What did James Dyson do
A.He repaired the failed prototypes.
B.He developed over 5,000 brands.
C.He put all efforts into marketing.
D.He invented the bagless vacuum.
( )23.Who is a novelist
A.Oprah Winfrey. B.Stephen King.
C.James Dyson. D.Jim Carrey.
B [2025·福建师范大学附属中学高二期中]
In recent years, much of my life as a consumer has shifted to what I like to call background spending. As I’ve subscribed to more apps and streaming platforms, significant sums of my money tend to slip away each month without my ever thinking about it.
Think of it as an automated trade. Spending without the trouble of spending. Acquisition without action or thought.
But while this flood of subscriptions was sold to me on the condition that it would make my life more trouble-free, there was a certain shock I felt upon discovering how much I was spending without realizing each month ($179.45).
You see, the thing about background spending is that it tends to happen, well, in the background without your full attention. And there lies the point.
“Hand over your credit card details and let us take care of the rest,” these companies promote. But by agreeing to this trade, we’ve become lazy, passive consumers. And this laziness contributes to more laziness because most of us can’t be bothered with conducting regular reviews of our subscription spending. We’re too lazy to even notice or cancel it!
I know it’s not just me who is suddenly living life as a smooth-brained subscriber. The average consumer spends $273 per month on subscriptions, according to a 2021 study of 2,500 by digital services firm West Monroe. Not a single person surveyed knew what his actually monthly spending was.
It’s understandable why this model is so attractive to businesses. As companies questioned traditional advertising models, subscriptions offered the promise of “selling once and earning forever”. And while subscription services have been around for decades (think Wine of the Month Club), more customers have been willing to sign up thanks to the widespread availability of smartphones and the increasing ease of home delivery.
While these subscriptions promise ease and happiness, not all of us are satisfied. Last year, the Kearney Consumer Institute found 40 percent of consumers believe they have too many subscriptions. Almost half of us also think we pay too much for streaming video-on-demand subscriptions, in particular, while about a third intend to reduce the number of such subscriptions, an April report from Deloitte Insights.
( )24.What can we know about background spending in Paragraph 2
A.Its feature. B.Its purpose.
C.Its procedure. D.Its requirement.
( )25.What makes it possible for background spending to happen
A.Its attractive price.
B.Some people’s poor habits.
C.Its secure service.
D.Some people’s addiction to it.
( )26.Why is the subscription model appealing to businesses
A.It offers good home delivery services.
B.It is like traditional advertising models.
C.It is popular among smartphone producers.
D.It brings repeated profits through a single sale.
( )27.What’s the author’s attitude towards background spending
A.Supportive. B.Doubtful.
C.Critical. D.Unclear.
C [2025·湖北鄂东南联盟高二期中]
Research is showing that many of our contemporary problems, such as the rising amount of mental health issues, are emerging from rapid technological advancement and modernisation. A theory that can help explain why we respond poorly to modern conditions, despite the choices, safety and other benefits they bring, is evolutionary mismatch.
Mismatches happen when an evolved adaptation, either physical or psychological, becomes misaligned with the environment. Take moths (蛾) and some species of nocturnal flies for example. Because they have to navigate in the dark, they evolved to use the moon for direction. But due to the invention of artificial lighting, many moths and flies are drawn to street lamps and indoor lights instead.
The same happens for humans. A classic example is our “sweet tooth”, which motivated ancestral humans to search for calorie-rich foods in nutritionally scarce environments. This sweet tooth becomes mismatched to the modern world when food companies massively produce foods with sugars and fat, hijacking an otherwise useful feature. The result is tooth decay (蛀牙), obesity and diabetes.
The modern world is filled with things that make our once-adaptive instincts go wrong. For instance, humans evolved to live in groups of approximately 50 to 150 close people. Our adaptive need to belong functions well in such settings. In large cities populated by hundreds of thousands of strangers, however, people can end up feeling lonely and like they have not many close friends.
The social inequality in modern societies also differs from the more equal hunter-gatherer environment. Humans evolved to care about social status, which motivates us to put right status gaps between ourselves and others.
Social media worsens the problems associated with social comparisons. As people typically share the best sides of themselves online, social media presents an inaccurate impression of reality, which can make viewers feel worse about their own.
Several problematic trends can be understood from this evolutionary mismatch. For instance, competition and status anxiety have been linked to obsessions with educational attainments, competing for well-paid jobs and materialism. When competition becomes too intense, people may internalise the pressure and experience anxiety or depression.
( )28.What does the underlined word “misaligned” mean in Paragraph 2
A.Inconsistent. B.Abnormal.
C.Irregular. D.Informal.
( )29.How does the author explain evolutionary mismatch by using the example of moths and flies
A.By illustrating their adaptation to using artificial lights for navigation.
B.By comparing the benefits of the moonlight and artificial lights.
C.By showing how artificial lights confuse their navigation.
D.By discussing their preference for natural light.
( )30.Which is NOT the consequence of evolutionary mismatch
A.A rise in tooth and other health issues.
B.A decreased focus on social status.
C.A reduced sense of belonging.
D.An increase in competition anxiety.
( )31.What does the text imply about the role of social media in social comparison
A.Social media reduces the importance of material possessions.
B.Social media provides a precise reflection of one’s social status.
C.Social media misleads one’s ideas about personal worth.
D.Social media promotes a more realistic view of people’s lives.
D [2025·黑龙江大庆高二期中]
When visiting a doctor a few years from now, you can expect to be accompanied by a virtual version of yourself. This so-called digital twin will be a working model of your body that can be summoned (调用) onto a physician’s computer screen. Updated with your latest vital signs, it will help the doctor make an accurate diagnosis. It also opens the door for medicines and procedures designed specifically for you, greatly increasing recovery rates.
As our Science & Technology section reports, digital twins are starting to pop up everywhere. Among other things, they monitor the health of jet engines on airliners, keep track of Uber’s network of vehicles and replicate Amazon’s extensive supply chain well enough for the online retailer to forecast sales several years ahead. They are helping local authorities respond to the effects of flooding and letting carmakers shave years off the development of new models by simulating test drives and crashes.
The idea of creating symbolic representations of real-world things is centuries old. Many ancient civilisations built architectural models, sometimes to place into tombs but also to work out how to build things. Double-entry bookkeeping, developed in the 15th century, was a paper-based representation of a merchant’s finances. The Phillips Machine, a hydraulic computer from the 1940s, created a physical “twin” of national economic flows.
Today’s digital twins extend this process, making it easier for humans to tackle complex problems. They can act as virtual crystal balls, allowing people to peer into the future, spot problems before they materialise and test wild ideas without real-world consequences. Digital twins offer the ultimate sandbox in which castles can be built and tested before being made real.
Could these virtual models go out of control They might if they are programmed badly, or hacked into. Digital twins will gather up mountains of data, some of it wrong, some of it prejudiced and much of it raising concerns about privacy and surveillance. There is also the danger of tunnel vision as humans rely more and more on digital twins—and miss things that sensors might not be able to capture. Yet these risks are not specific to digital twins. They apply to all.
( )32.Which of the following best describes a digital twin
A.A toy model. B.A video game.
C.A virtual copy. D.A database.
( )33.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A.Digital twins are a new concept in technology.
B.Symbolic representations have evolved over time.
C.The Phillips Machine is the earliest known model.
D.Symbolic representations of real-world vary in form.
( )34.How is a digital twin similar to a sandbox
A.They allow testing without real-world consequences.
B.They are mainly used for entertainment purposes.
C.They predict the future without relying on data.
D.They help identify problems only after they occur.
( )35.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.Digital twins are too risky to put into market.
B.The risks are common across many technologies.
C.Digital twins can be applied if perfectly programmed.
D.Digital twins pose fewer threats than other technologies.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Failure is likely the most tiring experience one ever has. There is nothing more exhausting than not succeeding. 36.
In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel. Such start-up fatigue (疲劳) is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles or bones. 37. Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them alphabetically, never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the most difficult task of essay-writing. The experience proved that the rule works.
38. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, no matter how hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can and then let the unconscious take over.
When planning Encyclopedia Britannica, I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Day after day, I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked.39. One day, mentally exhausted, I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep. 40. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings, I believe, must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.
A.My fatigue became almost unbearable.
B.I felt depressed and gave it up eventually.
C.Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.
D.Use your unconsciousness and you can reduce your tiredness.
E.An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind.
F.The solution is not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.
G.Here are two ways of exhaustion—start-up fatigue and performance fatigue.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
[2025·广东广州高二期中]
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
At 10:30 am one day, Jiang received her first delivery order. She quickly planned her 41 and began what would become a busy day on her e-bike. Jiang Xiaoxi, 23, is a driver and team 42 of a food-delivery station managed by online service platform Meituan, in Shenzhen.
“You might be out of luck, but never lose the 43 to keep going. Sweat is the scent of success,” Jiang recently posted that 44 on WeChat. With her mother in 45 health, Jiang moved to Shenzhen and became a food-delivery driver. “As long as you work hard and 46 yourself well to the job, you can earn more than 10,000 yuan a month,” she says. During her first year as a driver, Jiang 47 the debts her family ran up for her mother’s medical treatments.
Unpleasant things sometimes happen, but only heart-warming experiences remain 48 in her memory. One day, a rainstorm hit the city. Jiang 49 the heavy rain and sent the order to the door. 50 , it had been late for a long time, and Jiang kept apologizing. But the customer didn’t 51 ; instead, the customer gave Jiang some milk and cookies. “At that moment, tears welled up in my eyes,” Jiang 52 .
Jiang, who is always full of 53 , holds the record of making nearly 100 deliveries in a day. Also, she is a living 54 in Shajing, as she knows almost every corner within her delivery area. In 2021, Jiang became the station team director in Shajing. “The harder you work, the 55 you get. I hope I can build a better life, and realize my dream here,” Jiang says.
( )41.A.project B.route
C.access D.journey
( )42.A.leader B.player
C.member D.blogger
( )43.A.mission B.time
C.ability D.courage
( )44.A.detail B.notice
C.account D.message
( )45.A.poor B.good
C.mental D.physical
( )46.A.guide B.help
C.adapt D.donate
( )47.A.put off B.paid off
C.gave in D.handed in
( )48.A.fresh B.tough
C.correct D.familiar
( )49.A.settled B.braved
C.escaped D.prevented
( )50.A.Curiously B.Accidentally
C.Surprisingly D.Unfortunately
( )51.A.respond B.refuse
C.complain D.confirm
( )52.A.cries B.whispers
C.recalls D.demands
( )53.A.talent B.energy
C.emotion D.pressure
( )54.A.map B.threat
C.image D.memory
( )55.A.busier B.richer
C.luckier D.merrier
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
[2025·江西丰城中学高二期中]
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some people may think that British people only drink strong tea from fine china cups with their little fingers 56. (extend), or beer at their local pubs, but the 70 million cups of coffee consumed in the UK each day tell a different story.
57. glance at your local high street will prove that we have all become coffee 58. (addict). People drink espressos (浓缩咖啡) to treat exhaustion at station platforms, and soup-bowl-sized lattes are enjoyed at 59. (count) cafés. “We have moved from a nation of tea drinkers and occasional instant coffee drinkers 60. a nation of coffee lovers and even coffee geeks,” says Jeffrey Young, the chairman of the Allegra Foundation, the food organization behind UK Coffee Week, 61. runs from 11 to 17 April. The company first marked the occasion in 2011 62. (raise) money for clean water and sanitation (卫生设备) in coffee-growing communities around the world. In the past 15 years, chain stores including Costa and Caffe Nero 63. (occupy) every part of the high street.
This “new” coffee tastes much better than the soft drinks sold in supermarkets. And the softly-furnished cafés are a world away from 64. (annoy) noise. The popularity of café culture is 65. (far) strengthened by the coming of the digital age, when laptops, mobile phones, and later tablets free some workers from their desk.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
每个人在成长道路上都会面临各种困难。请以“An obstacle I overcame”为题,结合个人经历写一篇短文,参加你校举办的英语征文比赛。内容包括:
1.个人经历;
2.收获与感受。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分) [2025·江苏苏州高二期中]
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Staring at myself in the mirror, I raised my eyebrows at my mum with confusion.
“Is this fish-like costume what they wanted ” I asked.
Mum insisted that she had followed the pattern exactly. I sighed and looked back at the mirror. Somehow Mum had convinced me to do a play in this summer. So here I was about to play the Fish Footman in the local community theatre production of Alice in Wonderland. It didn’t exactly fill me with confidence. “Well, there’s no turning back now,” Mum said. “Tomorrow is your opening night.”
“What if…” I hesitated. “What if I forget my lines And I don’t think this costume is right.”
Mum gave me a knowing smile and pulled me in for a fierce hug, “You are the best actor on that stage, whether you’re wearing a fish tail or not. I know you’ve been rehearsing (排练) for two months; you were the first off-book in your scene, and I couldn’t be prouder of you.”
Despite her words, I still felt a knot in my stomach as the hour of opening night drew near.
The next day, Mum led me to the back of the auditorium, where children in various costumes were chatting merrily. I shrank inside myself, but Mum pulled me towards the make-up table. In a moment, it was done. My jaw dropped as I saw my green cheeks and brilliant blue lips.
“Mum, I can’t go out on stage like this!” I cried. “I’d be a laughing stock!”
She comforted me that I was not the only one in an odd costume and dismissed the idea of escape from my mind.
With no other options, I sat alone as the play began. I looked in horror at the vague figures onstage. The audience’s laughter seemed to come from miles underwater—ironic, given that I was supposed to be a fish. My only thought was that soon it would be me in the spotlight.
The stage manager said something to me. I nodded blankly in response and turned to face the music as the light dimmed and tune came on to accompany the scene change.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
I knew it was my time to enter.
Paragraph 2:
Determined to leave a lasting impression, I poured my emotions into the performance.
