/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
Unit 3 Diverse cultures 单元知识总结清单
一、词组搭配
(一)动词词组
head to:(朝……)前进;(向……)去。
例句:After lunch, we headed to the local museum.
(午饭后,我们前往当地博物馆。)
seek one's fortune:寻找成功致富之路;闯世界。
例句:Many young people go to big cities to seek their fortune.
(许多年轻人去大城市闯世界。)
earn a living:谋生。
例句:He earns a living by selling newspapers.(他靠卖报纸谋生。)
bring about:导致;引起。
例句:The change in climate has brought about many environmental problems.(气候的变化已经引发了许多环境问题。)
admit sb. to/into:准许某人进入(或加入)。
例句:Only ticket - holders will be admitted to the concert hall.
(只有持票者才能进入音乐厅。)
(二)名词词组
fortune cookie:幸运曲奇。
例句:In the Chinese restaurant, we got some fortune cookies after the meal.
(在中餐馆,饭后我们得到了一些幸运曲奇。)
series of:一系列或一连串(事件)。
例句:There has been a series of car accidents on this road recently.
(最近这条路上发生了一连串的车祸。)
ethnic minority:少数民族。
例句:China has 55 ethnic minorities besides the Han nationality.
(中国除汉族外有 55 个少数民族。)
(三)介词词组
apart from:除了…… 外(还);此外。
例句:Apart from English, he also studies French.
(除了英语,他还学习法语。)
(四)词汇练习题
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above.
(用上面词组的正确形式填空)
He left his hometown at a young age to _______.
The new policy will _______ great changes in the company.
We are planning to _______ the park this weekend.
_______ being good at singing, she is also an excellent dancer.
She _______ by working as a waitress in a restaurant.
Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above.
(用上面的短语把下面的句子翻译成英语。)
一系列的活动让这个节日变得非常有趣。
(a series of)
除了学习,我们还应该多参加户外活动。
(apart from)
他们朝着山顶前进,尽管天气很恶劣。
(head to)
这个年轻人努力工作谋生。
(earn a living)
这所大学每年准许很多外国学生入学。
(admit sb. to/into)
二、语法知识点
(一)省略句
定义:为了避免重复,省略句子中的一个或几个成分,使句子更加简洁明了。
用法及例句
在对话中省略:省略双方都知道的主语、谓语、宾语等成分。
例句:A: Do you like coffee B: (I) Like it very much.
(A:你喜欢咖啡吗?B:非常喜欢。)
在复合句中省略:在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中,如果从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句含有 be 动词,可省略从句的主语和 be 动词。
例句:While (I was) walking in the street, I met an old friend.
(我在街上走的时候,遇到了一位老朋友。)
在不定式结构中省略:在某些动词(如 want, hope, like, love, hate, try 等)后,为避免重复,常省略与上文相同的不定式内容,只保留 to。
例句:A: Would you like to come to the party
B: I'd love to (come to the party).
(A:你愿意来参加派对吗?B:我很想去。)
(二)练习题
改写下列句子,去掉不必要的部分。
He tried to solve the problem, but he couldn't solve the problem.
If it is necessary, I will finish the report as soon as it is possible.
She is going to the park, and I am also going to the park.
把下列句子翻译成英语。
他喜欢唱歌,我也喜欢。
如果有必要,我会帮助你。
你愿意和我们一起去看电影吗?我非常想去。
三、重要句式句型分析
(一)主语从句
结构:what /whatever/who /whoever 等引导词 + 句子其他成分,在句中作主语。
功能:整个从句作为一个整体充当句子的主语。
例句:What he said made me very angry.(他说的话让我很生气。)
(二)“be home to” 结构
结构:主语 + be home to + 名词。
功能:表示 “是…… 的所在地;是…… 的家园”。
例句:This forest is home to many rare animals.
(这片森林是许多珍稀动物的家园。)
(三)翻译练习题
他想要的是一本有趣的书。
无论谁违反规则都将受到惩罚。
云南是许多少数民族的家园。
这个小镇是各种美食的所在地。
四、单元书面表达写作指导
(一)重要词汇词组搭配积累
文化相关词汇:culture, diversity, ethnic, traditional, historic, symbol
地点描述词汇:location, district, downtown, climate, mild
活动相关词汇:explore, visit, experience, discover, enjoy
词组搭配:head to, seek one's fortune, earn a living, bring about, apart from, a series of
(二)高分句式积累
It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
例句:It is important for us to protect cultural diversity.
(对我们来说,保护文化多样性很重要。)
What makes... special is...
例句:What makes this city special is its rich history and diverse culture.
(这座城市的特别之处在于它丰富的历史和多元的文化。)
Not only... but also...
例句:This place is not only beautiful but also has a long - standing history.
(这个地方不仅美丽,而且历史悠久。)
There is no doubt that...
例句:There is no doubt that cultural exchange promotes understanding among different countries.
(毫无疑问,文化交流促进了不同国家之间的理解。)
(三)参考范文
My Hometown - A Place of Diverse Cultures
My hometown is a city full of diverse cultures, located in the southern part of China. It has a history of over 2,000 years and a population of about 5 million. There are many historic sites, such as ancient temples and old city walls, which attract a large number of tourists every year.
The local culture is rich and colorful. Traditional festivals like the Spring Festival and the Lantern Festival are celebrated with great enthusiasm. People perform traditional dances, eat special local foods, and exchange gifts. In addition, there are many art forms, such as paper - cutting and folk music, which have been passed down from generation to generation.
What makes my hometown really special is the harmonious coexistence of different cultures. People here respect and learn from each other, which not only enriches our daily life but also makes our city more inclusive and attractive. I love my hometown and am proud of its diverse cultures.
答案及解析
一、词汇练习题答案及解析
1.用词组的正确形式填空
答案:seek his fortune
解析:“left his hometown at a young age”(年轻时离开家乡)与 “seek one's fortune”(寻找成功致富之路;闯世界)语义相符,此处用 “his” 与主语 “He” 对应,说明他离开家乡是为了去闯世界 。
答案:bring about
解析:“The new policy”(新政策)和 “great changes”(巨大变化)之间是引发关系,“bring about” 表示 “导致;引起”,符合句子逻辑,且 “will” 后接动词原形 。
答案:head to
解析:“planning to”(计划)和 “the park”(公园)表明是计划前往公园,“head to” 表示 “(朝……)前进;(向……)去”,“to” 后接地点名词,符合语境 。
答案:Apart from
解析:“being good at singing”(擅长唱歌)和 “also an excellent dancer”(也是出色的舞者),说明除了唱歌的技能外,还有跳舞的技能,“apart from” 表示 “除了…… 外(还);此外” ,用于引出附加信息,符合句子表达的递进关系。
答案:earns a living
解析:“by working as a waitress in a restaurant”(通过在餐馆当服务员)表明她谋生的方式,“earn a living” 意为 “谋生”,主语 “She” 是第三人称单数,一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式 “earns” 。
2.用所给词组翻译句子。
答案:A series of activities made this festival very interesting.
解析:“一系列的” 用 “a series of”,“活动” 是 “activities”;“make + 宾语 + 形容词” 表示 “使…… 怎么样”,“made this festival very interesting” 表示 “让这个节日变得非常有趣” ,整体句子时态为一般过去时,描述过去发生的事情。
答案:Apart from studying, we should also take part in more outdoor activities.
解析:“除了…… 外(还)” 用 “apart from”,“studying” 是 “study” 的动名词形式,作 “from” 的宾语;“参加” 用 “take part in”,“outdoor activities” 表示 “户外活动” ,“should” 后接动词原形,体现建议的语气。
答案:They headed to the top of the mountain despite the bad weather.
解析:“朝着…… 前进” 用 “head to”,“the top of the mountain” 表示 “山顶”;句子时态为一般过去时,所以 “head” 用过去式 “headed”;“despite” 表示 “尽管”,引导让步状语,与 “the bad weather” 构成让步关系,也可用 “in spite of” 。
答案:The young man works hard to earn a living.
解析:“谋生” 用 “earn a living”;“The young man” 是第三人称单数,一般现在时中 “work” 用第三人称单数形式 “works”,“to earn a living” 是不定式作目的状语,说明他努力工作的目的 。
答案:This university admits many foreign students to/into it every year.
解析:“准许某人进入(或加入)” 用 “admit sb. to/into”,“This university” 是第三人称单数,一般现在时中 “admit” 用第三人称单数形式 “admits”,“it” 指代 “this university”,使句子表达更清晰 。
二、语法知识点练习题答案及解析
1.改写句子
答案:He tried to solve the problem, but couldn't.
解析:在后半句 “but he couldn't solve the problem” 中,“solve the problem” 与前半句重复,根据省略句在并列句中的规则,可省略重复部分,保留 “but couldn't” ,使句子简洁明了。
答案:If necessary, I will finish the report as soon as possible.
解析:“If it is necessary” 和 “as soon as it is possible” 中,“it is” 属于重复且不必要的部分,按照省略句在复合句中的用法,可直接省略,得到简洁的表达 。
答案:She is going to the park, and I am too.
解析:后半句 “I am also going to the park” 与前半句重复,在并列句中,为避免重复,可省略 “going to the park”,用 “too” 表示 “也” ,放在句末,使句子更简洁。
2.翻译句子
答案:He likes singing, and I do too.
解析:后半句为避免重复 “like singing”,用助动词 “do” 代替 “like singing”,“too” 表示 “也” ,放在句末,构成省略句表达,符合英语中在并列句里避免重复的习惯。
答案:If necessary, I will help you.
解析:“如果有必要” 按照省略句在复合句中的用法,省略 “it is”,直接用 “If necessary” ,简洁地表达条件,后面接主句 “I will help you” 。
答案:Would you like to go to the movies with us I'd love to.
解析:回答中为避免重复 “go to the movies with you”,保留 “to”,省略后面相同的不定式内容 ,“I'd love to” 是常见的省略句表达,用于回答 “Would you like to...” 的提问。
三、重要句式句型分析翻译练习题答案及解析
答案:What he wants is an interesting book.
解析:使用主语从句结构,“What he wants” 是主语从句,“what” 在从句中作 “wants” 的宾语,整个从句作句子的主语;“is” 是谓语,“an interesting book” 是表语 ,符合主语从句 “引导词 + 句子其他成分作主语” 的结构。
答案:Whoever breaks the rules will be punished.
解析:“Whoever breaks the rules” 是主语从句,“whoever” 表示 “无论谁”,在从句中作主语,强调任何人违反规则的情况;“will be punished” 是一般将来时的被动语态,作句子的谓语 ,表示 “将受到惩罚”,整句符合主语从句作主语的句式结构。
答案:Yunnan is home to many ethnic minorities.
解析:运用 “be home to” 结构,“Yunnan” 是主语,“is” 是谓语,“many ethnic minorities”(许多少数民族)作 “to” 的宾语 ,“is home to” 准确表达了 “云南是许多少数民族的家园” 的含义。
答案:This small town is home to various delicious foods.
解析:同样使用 “be home to” 结构,“This small town” 是主语,“is” 是谓语,“various delicious foods”(各种美食)作 “to” 的宾语 ,清晰地表明 “这个小镇是各种美食的所在地”。