Period Four Writing
【单元主题表达】
第二步 遣词造句
【核心词汇】
1.experience 2.pay a visit 3.fall 4.inconvenient
5.unforgettable 6.communication 7.disabled
【高级句式】
1.it really hard to move and control
2.making communication inconvenient
3.It was the nurse in the centre who/that
4.What we have learned is; it is our obligation/duty to
第三步 组句成篇
Last week we paid a visit to the Care Centre for the Disabled and experienced life of people with disabilities.
Firstly, we were told to sit in wheelchairs. I found it really hard to move and control the wheelchair. Some of us even fell over. Next we were given earplugs to put into our ears and were not allowed to open our mouth, making communication inconvenient. It was the nurse in the centre who taught us sign language, which we found very difficult to learn.
It was really an unforgettable experience. What we have learned is that life is really tough for the disabled and it is our obligation to take care of them.
【活学活用】
One possible version:
An experience during the May Day
During the May Day, I actively participated in the labour organized by our community(过去分词短语作定语). The project was focused on cleaning and beautifying our local park.
The process involved several tasks, including cleaning up litter, planting new flowers and painting benches. We started early in the morning, equipped with gloves, trash bags and gardening tools(过去分词短语作状语). We worked cooperatively according to the assignment. The most challenging part was digging and planting, which required physical strength(定语从句). It was not until dusk that we finished our task and went home(强调句型).
The experience left me appreciating(leave+宾语+宾补)the value of the community and the impact of collective effort. I felt a sense of accomplishment and pride in contributing to the environmental improvement of our shared space.Period Four Writing
Ⅰ.A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是沉没成本谬论的概念及其对决策的影响,探讨如何避免因过去的投资而做出不理性的选择,引导读者关注未来的成本与收益,以更明智的态度面对生活中的取舍。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Do you have a suit or dress in the closet that you haven’t worn for years but are reluctant to get rid of Maybe you say, ‘I can’t throw that away because I paid good money for it.’ If you recognize this in yourself, then you are suffering from commitment to the sunk cost fallacy (谬论).”(你衣柜里是否有一套多年没穿过却又舍不得扔掉的西装或裙子 也许你会说,“我不能扔掉它,因为我花了很多钱。”如果你在自己身上认识到这一点,那么你就陷入了沉没成本谬论。)可知,第一段描述的是人们不愿意放弃自己已经投入太多的事情,由此不断地坚持下去,最终只会成本明显大于收益,这种现象是“沉没成本谬论”,即人们拒绝放弃过去的投入。故选C。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第二段“When asked which trip to take,54% chose Michigan despite the reasonable choice being Wisconsin, because they had made a greater initial investment.”可知,尽管合理的选择是威斯康星州,但54%的人选择了密歇根州,因为他们的初始投资更大,即在密歇根州的旅行投入了100美元,该投入多于在威斯康星州的投入,所以为了避免更多的损失(即投入的100美元),人们不会选择合理的威斯康星州,而是继续选择密歇根州。故选A。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sunk cost fallacy takes place when we let emotions cloud our decisions.”(当我们让情绪影响我们的决定时,沉没成本谬论就会发生。)以及“Instead, we base decisions on past costs, ignoring present and future costs and benefits.”(相反,我们的决策基于过去的成本,忽略了现在和未来的成本和收益。)可知,当我们情绪化地根据过去的成本做决定时,容易发生沉没成本谬论。故选D。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“No one can deny the fact that we benefit a lot from perseverance. So our society loves to emphasize perseverance. Never give up! Don’t waste.”(没有人能否认我们从毅力中获益良多。所以我们的社会喜欢强调毅力。永不放弃!不要浪费。)可知,此处作者强调人们可以从毅力中获益良多;同时根据本段“But only you know the right path for you. Sometimes walking away is the hardest choice of all. You might realize a path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was. That’s a painful realization.”(但只有你自己知道哪条路适合你。有时候,离开是最艰难的选择。你可能会意识到你所走的路不再正确或从来就不正确。这是一个痛苦的认识。)可知,此处作者强调的是毅力所导致你坚持的路不一定是正确的路,因此作者认为此时不必坚持下去,而是要选择适合自己的路,即离开当下的错误坚持。因此作者对于“毅力”的态度是有褒有贬,即客观地看待“毅力”。故选C。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地方报纸在美国迅速衰落的现状,这导致社区信息不足和环境问题报道减少,尽管面临挑战,一些创新方法正在尝试拯救地方新闻。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But over the years, running the newspaper became increasingly difficult. In March 2023, she had to make the painful decision to end the printing of the Record, leaving the county without a local news source.”(但多年来,经营这份报纸变得越来越困难。2023年3月,她不得不做出痛苦的决定,终止印刷该报纸,这让该县失去了当地的新闻来源。)可知,这份报纸被停印的主要原因是经营报纸面临的挑战越来越大。故选C项。
6.C 词义猜测题。根据画线部分上文“Across the US, local newspapers like the Record are fading away rapidly, with over a third having closed since 2005.”(在美国各地,像Record这样的地方报纸正在迅速衰落,自2005年以来,已有超过三分之一的报纸倒闭。)和下文“…leaves communities less informed, exposed to unethical (不道德的) practices, and divided in their political views.”(……使社区缺乏信息,暴露在不道德的行为中,并在政治观点上存在分歧。)可知,此处介绍了各地的地方报纸迅速倒闭带来的负面影响,画线部分指的是前面提到的“全美各地的地方报纸迅速倒闭”。故选C项。
7.B 推理判断题。根据第四段中Meaghan Parker所说的话“There is no more local story than the environment.”(没有比环境更能反映当地情况的了。)和“It is the air we breathe. It’s the food we eat. It’s the water we drink.”可知,他认为环境深刻反映了当地情况。由此可知,环境问题与我们的生活息息相关。故选B项。
8.D 段落大意题。根据最后一段中“Local news is struggling, but innovative methods are emerging. Report for America and Press Forward are funding reporters and newsrooms. Some states use public money to strengthen journalism, while Congress offers tax breaks for supporting local outlets. Kim Kleman notes that there’s no single solution, but many experiments are in progress.” (地方新闻正在挣扎,但创新的方法正在出现。Report for America和Press Forward为记者和新闻编辑室提供资金。一些州使用公共资金来加强新闻业,而国会为支持地方媒体提供税收减免。金·克莱曼指出,没有单一的解决方案,但许多实验正在进行中。)可知,本段主要介绍了为了让地方新闻业复兴各方提供的支持。故选D项。
Ⅱ.第一节
One possible version:
Dear sir or madam,
I am Li Hua, a Chinese student from Xinhua High School. Having known you are recruiting volunteers for the International Day of Disabled Persons, I’m eager to contribute my efforts to this meaningful cause.
Here are my qualifications. First, I have a sound grasp of Chinese and English,which enables me to communicate effectively with people from diverse backgrounds. Furthermore, having volunteered in local hospital service projects for 2 years, I develop a deep sense of empathy and a set of skills to care for the disabled. Besides, as a dependable and responsible boy, I will always be dedicated to the tasks assigned to me.
I am confident that my qualifications will make me become a suitable candidate for this role. Thank you for considering my application.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
【思路点拨】 本文以人物为线索展开。短文讲述作者最初因为落选辩论队受到了打击,但在母亲的鼓励下,她选择利用这次挫折作为提升自我的机会,通过自我练习来改进自己的技能。最终,机会再次来临,她成功加入辩论队。
【详解】
1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“我盯着妈妈,急切地听着。”可知,第一段可描写母亲分享了自己失败的经历和她如何将它们转化为成长的机会,以及作者努力的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“3个月后第二次机会来临时,我成功了。”可知,第二段可描写机会再次来临时,作者基于之前的准备,成功加入了辩论队以及感悟。
2.续写线索:母亲分享了自己的故事—作者的努力—加入辩论队—作者感悟
One possible version:
I stared at Mum and listened eagerly. She shared her own stories of failure and disappointment and how she turned them into opportunities for growth(宾语从句). “Every rejection is a lesson,” she said. With her guidance, it took me the next three months to improve my skills(形式主语). I practised debates, read extensively to stay updated on current events, and sought feedback from teachers and peers. I even started a debate club after school to gain more experience(不定式作目的状语).
I did make (强调谓语动词)it when a second chance came 3 months later. When the team needed an extra member for an upcoming tournament(时间状语从句), they considered my dedication and improvement. This time, I was ready, whose performance in the tryouts was confident and well-prepared(定语从句).Joining the team was a sweet victory, but the real win was in the perseverance I had built and the lessons I had learned along the way. My mother’s wisdom had led me through a tough time, and I was grateful for the journey that had made me a better debater and a stronger person(定语从句).Period Four Writing
描述一次经历
【写作指导】
1.话题写作为描述个人经历,属于记叙文。写作时要交代清楚时间、地点、人物和事件。
2.该类文章一般包含三部分内容:此次经历发生的时间、地点和相关人物、 事情的经过以及经历的结果或自己的感想。
3.话题通常和学生的生活有关,如校园生活、旅游、交通、交友等,平时要注意积累这些方面的词汇和短语。
【经典例题】
假定你是学校英语报的编辑李华,上周你参观体验了残疾人照料中心(Care Centre for the Disabled),请根据下列要点提示写一篇短文报道此事。
1.坐轮椅,体验残疾人运动的困难;
2.戴耳塞(earplug),学手语,体验聋哑人的生活;
3.体会到残疾人生存的困难,要为残疾人献出爱心。
第一步 思路点拨
第二步 遣词造句
【核心词汇】
1. n. & vt. 经历;体验
2. 访问
3. over 摔倒
4. adj. 不方便的
5. adj. 难忘的
6. n. 交流
7. adj. 残疾的
【高级句式】
1.形式宾语
I found
the wheelchair.
我发现很难移动和控制轮椅。
2.现在分词作状语
Next we were given earplugs to put into our ears and were not allowed to open our mouth, .
接下来,我们得到了耳塞,可以戴在耳朵里,不允许张开嘴,这给交流带来了不便。
3.强调句型
taught us sign language, which we found very difficult to learn.
是中心的护士教我们手语,我们发现手语很难学。
4.主语从句;形式主语
that life is really tough for the disabled and take care of them.
我们了解到,残疾人的生活真的很艰难,照顾他们是我们的义务。
第三步 组句成篇
【活学活用】
假定你是李华,“五一”期间,你积极参加了社区组织的劳动。请你在校英文报上分享一下你的劳动经历,内容包括:
1.劳动项目;
2.劳动过程;
3.劳动感触。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
An experience during the May Day
Period Four Writing
●Ⅰ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A [2025·广东深圳高二期中]
Do you have a suit or dress in the closet that you haven’t worn for years but are reluctant to get rid of Maybe you say, “I can’t throw that away because I paid good money for it.” If you recognize this in yourself, then you are suffering from commitment to the sunk cost fallacy (谬论). It occurs when we feel that we have invested too much to quit. This psychological trap causes us to stick with a plan even if it no longer serves us and the costs clearly outweigh the benefits.
Arkes and Blumer conducted a survey showing that people are influenced by sunk cost fallacy in their decisions. Participants imagined spending $100 on a ski trip to Michigan and $50 on Wisconsin, realizing later they were for the same weekend. They were told Wisconsin would be more enjoyable. When asked which trip to take, 54% chose Michigan despite the reasonable choice being Wisconsin, because they had made a greater initial investment.
Sunk cost fallacy takes place when we let emotions cloud our decisions. Once we’ve invested in a choice, we feel guilt or regret if we don’t follow through. We fail to realize that past costs won’t be recovered. Instead, we base decisions on past costs, ignoring present and future costs and benefits. This may be due to loss aversion (厌恶), where losses feel worse than gains. We avoid losses, making choices based on avoiding the “loss” of our past investment instead of considering the benefits gained if we don’t continue our commitment.
No one can deny the fact that we benefit a lot from perseverance. So our society loves to emphasize perseverance. Never give up! Don’t waste. But only you know the right path for you. Sometimes walking away is the hardest choice of all. You might realize a path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was. That’s a painful realization.
( )1.What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text
A.People benefit from sticking with a plan.
B.People’s consumption view has changed.
C.People refuse to give up the past commitment.
D.People’s clothes are becoming more expensive.
( )2.Why did more than half of the participants choose the trip to Michigan in the survey
A.To save more of the loss.
B.To appear more reasonable.
C.To make a greater investment.
D.To enjoy more of themselves.
( )3.When does “sunk cost fallacy” occur
A.When we don’t follow through our choices.
B.When we don’t continue our commitment.
C.When we stop feeling guilty and regretful.
D.When we make decisions based on past costs emotionally.
( )4.What is the author’s attitude towards “perseverance”
A.Favourable. B.Dismissive.
C.Objective. D.Unclear.
B [2025·浙江台州高二期中]
For Laurie Ezzell Brown, local news has been a family affair. Her dad was the owner and publisher of The Canadian Record, a weekly paper serving the small Texas Panhandle town of Canadian since 1893. She spent much of her childhood in the newsroom. She liked it, so when her father died in 1993, she stepped up as an editor.
Brown took pride in thoroughly exploring environmental issues her neighbours cared about. But over the years, running the newspaper became increasingly difficult. In March 2023, she had to make the painful decision to end the printing of the Record, leaving the county without a local news source.
Across the US, local newspapers like the Record are fading away rapidly, with over a third having closed since 2005. This “news desert” trend leaves communities less informed, exposed to unethical (不道德的) practices, and divided in their political views. Local journalism is crucial yet faces unforeseen difficulties.
As climate and biodiversity issues worsen, environment reporters are often first to lose jobs. “There is no more local story than the environment,” says Meaghan Parker, former executive director for the Society of Environmental Journalists. “It is the air we breathe. It’s the food we eat. It’s the water we drink.” Despite small audiences, local papers have huge impact due to readers’ trust. When the Fountain Valley News closed, over 60 years of reporting ended. Karin Hill worries about her neighbours’ lack of information on issues like “forever chemicals” in water.
Local news is struggling, but innovative methods are emerging. Report for America and Press Forward are funding reporters and newsrooms. Some states use public money to strengthen journalism, while Congress offers tax breaks for supporting local outlets. Kim Kleman notes that there’s no single solution, but many experiments are in progress. In Texas, Brown hopes a buyer revives the Record. During a major wildfire, she shared updates on Facebook but lacked resources to report deeply. She realizes the community desperately needs its newspaper.
( )5.What was the main reason for the closure of The Canadian Record
A.Laurie’s father’s death in 1993.
B.Laurie’s decision to step down as an editor.
C.Increasing challenges of managing the newspaper.
D.People’s gradual lack of interest in local news.
( )6.What do the underlined words “This ‘news desert’ trend” probably refer to in Paragraph 3
A.The political views that divide communities.
B.The crucial role of local journalism in the US.
C.The speedy shutdown of local newspapers across the US.
D.The unethical practices that leave communities less informed.
( )7.What can we infer from Meaghan Parker’s words
A.Environment reporters are jobless in the near future.
B.Environmental issues are closely tied to our lives.
C.Local papers have wider audiences than national ones.
D.We should care more about the climate and biodiversity issues.
( )8.What is mainly discussed in the last paragraph
A.Kleman’s concern for local news.
B.The funding of Report for America.
C.Brown’s hope for the Record’s revival.
D.Support for reviving local journalism.
●Ⅱ 写作
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
[2025·河南南阳高二期中]
国际残联将在12月3日举办国际残疾人日活动,面向全球招募志愿者。假定你是新华中学学生李华,请你用英语写一封自荐信,内容包括:
1.提出申请;
2.你的优势。
注意:1.词数80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.请按以下格式作答。
参考词汇:国际残疾人日 International Day of Disabled Persons
Dear sir or madam,
I am Li Hua, a Chinese student from Xinhua High School.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
[2025·山东淄博高二期中]
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was nominated (提名) for school’s debate team. I jumped at the chance. When I got home that day, I began to fill out the application form, trying hard to prove how I met all the team’s criteria: strong communication skills, teamwork, and a good understanding of current events.
The next day, I handed in my application and waited with eagerness. I was on tenterhooks (如坐针毡), anticipation building up with each tick of the clock.
Two weeks went by, and I received a letter from the school about the debate team, which began with “I’m sorry to…”. As soon as the school bus let me off that afternoon, I raced into the house. My mother was typing at the computer.
“Mum,” I said, my voice barely above a whisper, “I didn’t make the debate team.”
She looked up, a smile playing on her lips, thinking I was joking, and playfully reached out to high-five me. But the tears in my eyes told a different story.
“No, really, I wasn’t picked,” I told her, handing her the letter.
Her smile faded, replaced by a look of genuine concern. “Oh, sweetheart, I’m sorry,” she said, surprised. “There must be some mistake.” She called the debate team advisor, but he confirmed there were no mistakes and the decision was final. Hearing that, I broke down and burst out crying.
The rejection stung (刺痛) me, especially when I saw friends celebrating their acceptance. I felt cheated, questioning the fairness of the process. In my view, some selected didn’t deserve it as much as I did. Bitterness crept (潜入) into my words as I complained.
“I’m the best fit for the team,” I protested.
“See, Jenny, complaining won’t get you on the team.” Mum gave me a serious look.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
I stared at Mum and listened eagerly.
Paragraph 2:
I did make it when a second chance came 3 months later.
(共55张PPT)
Period Four
Writing
单元主题表达
练习册
答案速查【导】
答案速查【练】
描述一次经历
【写作指导】
1.话题写作为描述个人经历,属于记叙文。写作时要交代清楚时间、
地点、人物和事件。
2.该类文章一般包含三部分内容:此次经历发生的时间、地点和相关
人物、 事情的经过以及经历的结果或自己的感想。
3.话题通常和学生的生活有关,如校园生活、旅游、交通、交友等,平
时要注意积累这些方面的词汇和短语。
【经典例题】
假定你是学校英语报的编辑李华,上周你参观体验了残疾人照料
中心(Care Centre for the Disabled),请根据下列要点提示写一篇短
文报道此事。
1.坐轮椅,体验残疾人运动的困难;
2.戴耳塞(earplug),学手语,体验聋哑人的生活;
3.体会到残疾人生存的困难,要为残疾人献出爱心。
第一步 思路点拨
第二步 遣词造句
【核心词汇】
1.___________ n. & vt. 经历;体验
2.___________ 访问
3.____over 摔倒
4._____________ adj. 不方便的
5._____________ adj. 难忘的
6._______________ n. 交流
7._________ adj. 残疾的
experience
pay a visit
fall
inconvenient
unforgettable
communication
disabled
【高级句式】
1.形式宾语
I found _________________________________the wheelchair.
我发现很难移动和控制轮椅。
it really hard to move and control
2.现在分词作状语
Next we were given earplugs to put into our ears and were not
allowed to open our mouth, _______________________
___________.
接下来，我们得到了耳塞，可以戴在耳朵里，不允许张开嘴，这给
交流带来了不便。
making communication inconvenient
3.强调句型
______________________________________taught us sign
language, which we found very difficult to learn.
是中心的护士教我们手语，我们发现手语很难学。
It was the nurse in the centre who/that
4.主语从句；形式主语
________________________ that life is really tough for the
disabled and__________________________take care of them.
我们了解到，残疾人的生活真的很艰难，照顾他们是我们的义务。
What we have learned is
it is our obligation/duty to
第三步 组句成篇
Last week we paid a visit to the Care Centre for the
Disabled and experienced life of people with disabilities.
Firstly, we were told to sit in wheelchairs. I found it really
hard to move and control the wheelchair. Some of us even fell
over. Next we were given earplugs to put into our ears and
were not allowed to open our mouth, making communication
inconvenient. It was the nurse in the centre who taught us sign
language, which we found very difficult to learn.
It was really an unforgettable experience. What we have
learned is that life is really tough for the disabled and it is our
obligation to take care of them.
【活学活用】
假定你是李华，“五一”期间，你积极参加了社区组织的劳动。请
你在校英文报上分享一下你的劳动经历，内容包括：
1.劳动项目；
2.劳动过程；
3.劳动感触。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
An experience during the May Day
_______________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
An experience during the May Day
During the May Day, I actively participated in the labour
organized by our community(过去分词短语作定语). The project
was focused on cleaning and beautifying our local park.
The process involved several tasks, including cleaning up
litter, planting new flowers and painting benches. We started
early in the morning, equipped with gloves, trash bags and
gardening tools(过去分词短语作状语).
We worked cooperatively according to the assignment. The most
challenging part was digging and planting, which required
physical strength (定语从句). It was not until dusk that we
finished our task and went home(强调句型).
The experience left me appreciating(leave+宾语+宾补)the
value of the community and the impact of collective effort. I felt
a sense of accomplishment and pride in contributing to the
environmental improvement of our shared space.
练 习 册
Ⅰ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A［2025·广东深圳高二期中］
Do you have a suit or dress in the closet that you haven't
worn for years but are reluctant to get rid of Maybe you say,
“I can't throw that away because I paid good money for it.” If
you recognize this in yourself, then you are suffering from
commitment to the sunk cost fallacy (谬论). It occurs when we
feel that we have invested too much to quit. This psychological
trap causes us to stick with a plan even if it no longer serves
us and the costs clearly outweigh the benefits.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Arkes and Blumer conducted a survey showing that people
are influenced by sunk cost fallacy in their decisions. Participants
imagined spending $100 on a ski trip to Michigan and $50 on
Wisconsin, realizing later they were for the same weekend. They
were told Wisconsin would be more enjoyable. When asked
which trip to take, 54% chose Michigan despite the reasonable
choice being Wisconsin, because they had made a greater initial
investment.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Sunk cost fallacy takes place when we let emotions cloud
our decisions. Once we've invested in a choice, we feel guilt or
regret if we don't follow through. We fail to realize that past
costs won't be recovered. Instead, we base decisions on past
costs, ignoring present and future costs and benefits. This may
be due to loss aversion (厌恶), where losses feel worse than
gains. We avoid losses, making choices based on avoiding the
“loss” of our past investment instead of considering the benefits
gained if we don't continue our commitment.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
No one can deny the fact that we benefit a lot from
perseverance. So our society loves to emphasize perseverance.
Never give up! Don't waste. But only you know the right path
for you. Sometimes walking away is the hardest choice of all.
You might realize a path you're on is no longer the right one
or never was. That's a painful realization.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是沉没成本谬论
的概念及其对决策的影响，探讨如何避免因过去的投资而做出不理
性的选择，引导读者关注未来的成本与收益，以更明智的态度面对
生活中的取舍。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )1.What phenomenon does the author describe at the
beginning of the text
A.People benefit from sticking with a plan.
B.People's consumption view has changed.
C.People refuse to give up the past commitment.
D.People's clothes are becoming more expensive.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Do you have a suit or dress
in the closet that you haven't worn for years but are reluctant
to get rid of Maybe you say, ‘I can't throw that away because
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
I paid good money for it.’ If you recognize this in yourself, then
you are suffering from commitment to the sunk cost fallacy
(谬论).”(你衣柜里是否有一套多年没穿过却又舍不得扔掉的西装或裙
子？也许你会说，“我不能扔掉它，因为我花了很多钱。”如果你在自
己身上认识到这一点，那么你就陷入了沉没成本谬论。)可知，第一
段描述的是人们不愿意放弃自己已经投入太多的事情，由此不断地
坚持下去，最终只会成本明显大于收益，这种现象是“沉没成本谬论”，
即人们拒绝放弃过去的投入。故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )2.Why did more than half of the participants choose the
trip to Michigan in the survey
A.To save more of the loss.
B.To appear more reasonable.
C.To make a greater investment.
D.To enjoy more of themselves.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段“When asked which trip to
take,54% chose Michigan despite the reasonable choice being
Wisconsin, because they had made a greater initial investment.”
可知，尽管合理的选择是威斯康星州，但54%的人选择了密歇根州，
因为他们的初始投资更大，即在密歇根州的旅行投入了100美元，该
投入多于在威斯康星州的投入，所以为了避免更多的损失
(即投入的100美元)，人们不会选择合理的威斯康星州，而是继续选
择密歇根州。故选A。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )3.When does “sunk cost fallacy” occur
A.When we don't follow through our choices.
B.When we don't continue our commitment.
C.When we stop feeling guilty and regretful.
D.When we make decisions based on past costs emotionally.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sunk cost fallacy takes place
when we let emotions cloud our decisions.”(当我们让情绪影响我
们的决定时，沉没成本谬论就会发生。)以及“Instead, we base
decisions on past costs, ignoring present and future costs and
benefits.”(相反，我们的决策基于过去的成本，忽略了现在和未来的
成本和收益。)可知，当我们情绪化地根据过去的成本做决定时，容
易发生沉没成本谬论。故选D。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )4.What is the author's attitude towards “perseverance”
A.Favourable. B.Dismissive. C.Objective. D.Unclear.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“No one can deny the fact
that we benefit a lot from perseverance. So our society loves to
emphasize perseverance. Never give up! Don't waste.”
(没有人能否认我们从毅力中获益良多。所以我们的社会喜欢强调毅
力。永不放弃!不要浪费。)可知，此处作者强调人们可以从毅力中获
益良多；同时根据本段“But only you know the right path for you.
Sometimes walking away is the hardest choice of all.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
You might realize a path you're on is no longer the right one
or never was. That's a painful realization.”(但只有你自己知道哪条
路适合你。有时候，离开是最艰难的选择。你可能会意识到你所走
的路不再正确或从来就不正确。这是一个痛苦的认识。)可知，此处
作者强调的是毅力所导致你坚持的路不一定是正确的路，因此作者
认为此时不必坚持下去，而是要选择适合自己的路，即离开当下的
错误坚持。因此作者对于“毅力”的态度是有褒有贬，即客观地看待
“毅力”。故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
B［2025·浙江台州高二期中］
For Laurie Ezzell Brown, local news has been a family affair.
Her dad was the owner and publisher of The Canadian Record,
a weekly paper serving the small Texas Panhandle town of
Canadian since 1893. She spent much of her childhood in the
newsroom. She liked it, so when her father died in 1993, she
stepped up as an editor.
Brown took pride in thoroughly exploring environmental
issues her neighbours cared about.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
But over the years, running the newspaper became increasingly
difficult. In March 2023, she had to make the painful decision to
end the printing of the Record, leaving the county without a
local news source.
Across the US, local newspapers like the Record are fading
away rapidly, with over a third having closed since 2005. This
“news desert” trend leaves communities less informed, exposed
to unethical (不道德的) practices, and divided in their political
views. Local journalism is crucial yet faces unforeseen difficulties.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
As climate and biodiversity issues worsen, environment
reporters are often first to lose jobs. “There is no more local
story than the environment,” says Meaghan Parker, former
executive director for the Society of Environmental Journalists. “It
is the air we breathe. It's the food we eat. It's the water we
drink.” Despite small audiences, local papers have huge impact
due to readers' trust. When the Fountain Valley News closed,
over 60 years of reporting ended. Karin Hill worries about her
neighbours' lack of information on issues like “forever chemicals”
in water.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Local news is struggling, but innovative methods are
emerging. Report for America and Press Forward are funding
reporters and newsrooms. Some states use public money to
strengthen journalism, while Congress offers tax breaks for
supporting local outlets. Kim Kleman notes that there's no single
solution, but many experiments are in progress. In Texas, Brown
hopes a buyer revives the Record. During a major wildfire, she
shared updates on Facebook but lacked resources to report
deeply. She realizes the community desperately needs its
newspaper.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地方报纸在美国迅速
衰落的现状，这导致社区信息不足和环境问题报道减少，尽管面临
挑战，一些创新方法正在尝试拯救地方新闻。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )5.What was the main reason for the closure of The
Canadian Record
A.Laurie's father's death in 1993.
B.Laurie's decision to step down as an editor.
C.Increasing challenges of managing the newspaper.
D.People's gradual lack of interest in local news.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But over the years, running
the newspaper became increasingly difficult. In March 2023, she
had to make the painful decision to end the printing of the
Record, leaving the county without a local news source.”
(但多年来，经营这份报纸变得越来越困难。2023年3月，她不得不
做出痛苦的决定，终止印刷该报纸，这让该县失去了当地的新闻来
源。)可知，这份报纸被停印的主要原因是经营报纸面临的挑战越来
越大。故选C项。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )6.What do the underlined words “This ‘news desert’ trend”
probably refer to in Paragraph 3
A.The political views that divide communities.
B.The crucial role of local journalism in the US.
C.The speedy shutdown of local newspapers across the US.
D.The unethical practices that leave communities less informed.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据画线部分上文“Across the US, local
newspapers like the Record are fading away rapidly, with over a
third having closed since 2005.”(在美国各地，像Record这样的地方
报纸正在迅速衰落，自2005年以来，已有超过三分之一的报纸倒
闭。)和下文“…leaves communities less informed, exposed to
unethical (不道德的) practices, and divided in their political
views.”(……使社区缺乏信息，暴露在不道德的行为中，并在政治观点
上存在分歧。)可知，此处介绍了各地的地方报纸迅速倒闭带来的负
面影响，画线部分指的是前面提到的“全美各地的地方报纸迅速倒闭”。
故选C项。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )7.What can we infer from Meaghan Parker's words
A.Environment reporters are jobless in the near future.
B.Environmental issues are closely tied to our lives.
C.Local papers have wider audiences than national ones.
D.We should care more about the climate and biodiversity
issues.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段中Meaghan Parker所说的话“There
is no more local story than the environment.”(没有比环境更能反
映当地情况的了。)和“It is the air we breathe. It's the food we
eat. It's the water we drink.”可知，他认为环境深刻反映了当地情
况。由此可知，环境问题与我们的生活息息相关。故选B项。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )8.What is mainly discussed in the last paragraph
A.Kleman's concern for local news.
B.The funding of Report for America.
C.Brown's hope for the Record's revival.
D.Support for reviving local journalism.
[解析] 段落大意题。根据最后一段中“Local news is struggling, but
innovative methods are emerging. Report for America and Press
Forward are funding reporters and newsrooms. Some states use
public money to strengthen journalism, while Congress offers tax
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
breaks for supporting local outlets. Kim Kleman notes that
there's no single solution, but many experiments are in progress.”
(地方新闻正在挣扎，但创新的方法正在出现。Report for America
和Press Forward为记者和新闻编辑室提供资金。一些州使用公共资
金来加强新闻业，而国会为支持地方媒体提供税收减免。金·克莱曼
指出，没有单一的解决方案，但许多实验正在进行中。)可知，本段
主要介绍了为了让地方新闻业复兴各方提供的支持。故选D项。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅱ 写作
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
［2025·河南南阳高二期中］
国际残联将在12月3日举办国际残疾人日活动，面向全球招募志
愿者。假定你是新华中学学生李华，请你用英语写一封自荐信，内
容包括：
1.提出申请；
2.你的优势。
注意：1.词数80个左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.请按以下格式作答。
参考词汇：国际残疾人日 International Day of Disabled Persons
Dear sir or madam,
I am Li Hua, a Chinese student from Xinhua High School.
_______________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
One possible version:
Dear sir or madam,
I am Li Hua, a Chinese student from Xinhua High School.
Having known you are recruiting volunteers for the
International Day of Disabled Persons, I'm eager to contribute
my efforts to this meaningful cause.
Here are my qualifications. First, I have a sound grasp of
Chinese and English,which enables me to communicate
effectively with people from diverse backgrounds.
Furthermore, having volunteered in local hospital service
projects for 2 years, I develop a deep sense of empathy and a
set of skills to care for the disabled. Besides, as a dependable
and responsible boy, I will always be dedicated to the tasks
assigned to me.
I am confident that my qualifications will make me
become a suitable candidate for this role. Thank you for
considering my application.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
［2025·山东淄博高二期中］
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成
一篇完整的短文。
I was nominated (提名) for school's debate team. I jumped
at the chance. When I got home that day, I began to fill out
the application form, trying hard to prove how I met all the
team's criteria: strong communication skills, teamwork, and a
good understanding of current events.
The next day, I handed in my application and waited with
eagerness. I was on tenterhooks (如坐针毡), anticipation building
up with each tick of the clock.
Two weeks went by, and I received a letter from the school
about the debate team, which began with “I'm sorry to…”. As
soon as the school bus let me off that afternoon, I raced into
the house. My mother was typing at the computer.
“Mum,” I said, my voice barely above a whisper, “I didn't
make the debate team.”
She looked up, a smile playing on her lips, thinking I was
joking, and playfully reached out to high-five me. But the tears
in my eyes told a different story.
“No, really, I wasn't picked,” I told her, handing her the
letter.
Her smile faded, replaced by a look of genuine concern.
“Oh, sweetheart, I'm sorry,” she said, surprised. “There must be
some mistake.” She called the debate team advisor, but he
confirmed there were no mistakes and the decision was final.
Hearing that, I broke down and burst out crying.
The rejection stung (刺痛) me, especially when I saw friends
celebrating their acceptance. I felt cheated, questioning the
fairness of the process. In my view, some selected didn't
deserve it as much as I did. Bitterness crept (潜入) into my
words as I complained.
“I'm the best fit for the team,” I protested.
“See, Jenny, complaining won't get you on the team.” Mum
gave me a serious look.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
I stared at Mum and listened eagerly. _______________________
Paragraph 2:
I did make it when a second chance came 3 months
later.__________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
I stared at Mum and listened eagerly. She shared her own
stories of failure and disappointment and how she turned them
into opportunities for growth(宾语从句). “Every rejection is a
lesson,” she said. With her guidance, it took me the next three
months to improve my skills(形式主语). I practised debates,
read extensively to stay updated on current events, and sought
feedback from teachers and peers. I even started a debate club
after school to gain more experience(不定式作目的状语).
I did make (强调谓语动词)it when a second chance came 3
months later. When the team needed an extra member for
an upcoming tournament(时间状语从句), they considered my
dedication and improvement. This time, I was ready, whose
performance in the tryouts was confident and well-
prepared(定语从句).Joining the team was a sweet victory, but
the real win was in the perseverance I had built and the lessons
I had learned along the way. My mother's wisdom had led me
through a tough time, and I was grateful for the journey that
had made me a better debater and a stronger person
(定语从句).
【思路点拨】本文以人物为线索展开。短文讲述作者最初因为落选
辩论队受到了打击，但在母亲的鼓励下，她选择利用这次挫折作为
提升自我的机会，通过自我练习来改进自己的技能。最终，机会再
次来临，她成功加入辩论队。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我盯着妈妈，急切地听着。”可知，第一段可描
写母亲分享了自己失败的经历和她如何将它们转化为成长的机会，
以及作者努力的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“3个月后第二次机会来临时，我成功了。”可知，
第二段可描写机会再次来临时，作者基于之前的准备，成功加入了
辩论队以及感悟。
2.续写线索：母亲分享了自己的故事—作者的努力—加入辩论队—作
者感悟
Unit 2 Onwards and upwards
Period Four Writing
导学案
单元主题表达
第二步 遣词造句
【核心词汇】
1.experience 2.pay a visit 3.fall 4.inconvenient
5.unforgettable 6.communication 7.disabled
【高级句式】
1.it really hard to move and control
2.making communication inconvenient
3.It was the nurse in the centre who/that
4.What we have learned is;it is our obligation/duty to
第三步 组句成篇
略
【活学活用】
略
练习册
Ⅰ 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.D
Ⅱ
第一节
略
第二节
略
