Period Three Developing ideas
【课前自主探究】
Task 1:Fast Reading
1.communicate 2.ways 3.plants
Task 2:Careful Reading
1—4 DCDC
Task 3:Micro-writing
1.to communicate 2.to help 3.insects 4.invisible
5.themselves 6.with 7.for 8.indicating 9.is linked
10.Using
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.(1)to/with (2)①there was a close link between my grandmother’s cooking skills and her love for the family
②are closely linked with/to
2.(1)①prevention ②from (2)which prevented him (from) walking or running
句型透视
(1)①to be ②to have invented (2)It is reported that the research team has discovered; is reported to have discoveredPeriod Three Developing ideas
Ⅰ.1.characteristics 2.be detected 3.unfriendly
4.warning 5.drought 6.to blame 7.in 8.to
Ⅱ.1.prevented/stopped/kept him from 2.lays/puts/places the blame on 3.drive away 4.be linked to
5.similar to 6.to communicate with
Ⅲ.1.are believed to be 2.so that he could carry on editing it
3.while others are struggling to make/earn a living
4.with blankets wrapped around us
Ⅳ.A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究,说明了飞蛾对光的行为反应,以及人造光对昆虫可能造成的问题。
1.B 推理判断题。第一段“Chances are that you’ve heard the phrase ‘like a moth(飞蛾)to a fire’—and probably seen it in action at a nighttime campfire or barbecue, too.”提到“飞蛾扑火”这个谚语,由第二段“It turns out, however, that this age-old saying may not be quite right. Rather than being attracted to light, moths’ tendency to fly towards brightness is a behavioural response to help them determine which way is up, suggests a new study published today in the journal Nature Communications.”可知,文章开头的写作目的是引出一项实验研究。故选B。
2.D 细节理解题。由第三段“But they do have a system that allows them to really quickly tell what’s bright and what’s dark, and gives them feedback about the sky so that they can fly stably…”可知,昆虫飞行时通过分辨明亮和黑暗来确认方向,故选D。
3.A 段落大意题。根据第四段中“The researchers stretched a large white sheet across the theatre top and shot a UV light on it.”和第五段中“The team then placed the sheet on the ground and shone the light on it, which is when something truly strange happened…”可知,这两段主要呈现的是实验过程的详细描述。故选A。
4.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Depending on how lights are used, their shine could catch insects in a tiring orbit, or send them falling to their death.”可知,人造光的使用可能降低昆虫的生存机会。故选A。
B
【文章大意】 本文是说明文。一项研究发现,东部大黄蜂可以在水下生存长达一周,这种适应能力在以往未被发现。研究表明,大黄蜂在冬眠期间可能通过关闭气孔和减缓新陈代谢来实现这一生存技巧,这一发现对研究野生昆虫的生存机制具有重要意义。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第一段“This finding, published in the journal Biology Letters, came about due to an experimental error when researchers placed hibernating (冬眠的) queen bumblebees in water and found them alive days later. The discovery has impressed scientists, particularly because bumblebees are land-based creatures not typically associated with water environments.”可知,这个发现是偶然的,而非预先计划的。故选D项。
6.C 推理判断题。根据第三段“However, this study reveals that these bees possess an unexpected adaptation, allowing them to survive even in flooded conditions.”可知,研究发现大黄蜂在水下能够生存,这表明它们具备一种未被发现的适应机制,这一机制帮助它们在洪水这样的极端条件下生存。故选C项。
7.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Raine emphasized the importance of understanding these mechanisms, as it could have significant implications for the study of wild insects that help with plant reproduction, which are crucial for food security and ecosystem health. His team’s research will aim to determine whether hibernating queens can survive even longer periods underwater and if similar strength exists in other bee species.”可知,Nigel Raine强调了理解大黄蜂在水下存活机制的重要性,所以他将继续进行研究。故选C项。
8.D 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A recent study from the University of Guelph in Canada has revealed a surprising discovery about common eastern bumblebees (大黄蜂): these insects can survive underwater for up to a week. This finding, published in the journal Biology Letters, came about due to an experimental error when researchers placed hibernating (冬眠的) queen bumblebees in water and found them alive days later. The discovery has impressed scientists, particularly because bumblebees are land-based creatures not typically associated with water environments.”以及通读全文可知,文章的主要内容集中在大黄蜂在水下生存的发现及其意义,因此D项“Bumblebee survival underwater”(大黄蜂在水下生存)是最合适的标题。故选D项。Period Three Developing ideas
Task 1: Fast Reading
Task 2: Careful Reading
( )1.What is the main idea of the first two paragraphs
A.Marco Polo spent most of his time studying plants.
B.There are some legends about talking trees.
C.In the movie Avatar, trees can save people.
D.New research has revealed that plants appear to be able to communicate.
( )2.What can we infer from Paragraph 4
A.All the plants can make noises with their roots.
B.Only chilli plants can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful or unfriendly.
C.When some plants make clicking noises, perhaps they suggest drought is coming.
D.People can’t hear the noise created by plants because they can’t use sound to communicate with them.
( )3.What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of research about the secret language of plants
A.Concerned. B.Indifferent.
C.Doubtful. D.Optimistic.
( )4.What can you infer from the passage
A.After learning the secret language of plants, we can stop using all the pesticides.
B.The wood wide web was actually established by humans.
C.One day, a tree may make its intentions clear to us through communication.
D.“Firewall” has been created to prevent plants from being attacked and robbed.
Task 3: Micro-writing
Diverse plants do have their own ways 1. (communicate) with each other. The main purpose for this is 2. (help) each other out and warn nearby plants of approaching dangers, such as 3. (insect) so that they can take appropriate action.
One method they use is to release 4. (visible) chemicals into the air. Other plants can then detect these chemicals and know to defend 5. (they), or ask for help.
Another method is to use sound to communicate but people can’t hear these sounds. Some plants make noises 6. their roots, such as chilli and corn plants. They also “listen” to the noises from other plants. Take chilli plants 7. example. A chilli plant can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful, or unfriendly. Besides, some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water, 8. (indicate) drought is on the road.
Moreover, plants can talk with each other with the help of the “wood wide web”, which 9. (link) underground by fungi. 10. (use) this amazing system of communication, plants can share information and even food with each other.
1.link v.把……联系起来;连接 n.联系;连接
(教材P76)Most surprisingly of all,plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest.
最令人惊讶的是,植物有一个惊人的交流系统,可以把森林里几乎所有的植物联系起来。
(1)link…to/with 把……和……连接/联系起来
be linked to/with sth 与……连接/相关联
(2)a link between…and…/with sth
和……之间的联系/纽带
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] People often link their memory of what they’ve read how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.
(2)写作金句
①(读后续写之亲情)我认识到我奶奶的厨艺和她对家人的爱之间有着紧密的联系。
I came to realise .
②(读后续写之文末总结句)不可否认,学生的学业成绩与他们的学习习惯和学习投入密切相关。
There is no denying that a student’s academic achievements their study habits and dedication to learning.
2.prevent vt.预防;阻止,阻挡
(教材P76)Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a “firewall” to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web.
也许未来某一天,科学家们会研究出建造“防火墙”的方法来阻止树维网中的这些攻击。
(1)prevent/stop/keep…from…
阻止/防止……做某事
protect…from/against…
保护……免受……伤害
(2)prevention n. 阻止,妨碍;预防
[温馨提示] prevent/stop…from…中的from可以省略, keep…from…中的from不能省略。但在被动结构中, from均不可省略。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Proper handwashing is crucial for the (prevent) of the spread of germs.
②Due to the security alert, the public was prevented entering the building until further notice.
(2)写作金句
[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] (读后续写之人物描写)戴维患有脑部疾病,无法像其他孩子一样走路或跑步。
David had a brain disease like other children. (定语从句;prevent)
(教材P74)Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India.
据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗在印度曾经遇到过一棵这样的树。
Sb is said to do/have done sth.
句型公式
【归纳拓展】
(1) “Sb is said to do/have done sth.”句型, 意为“据说……”,其中不定式有时态和语态的变化。
sb+be+过去分词+
(2)用于本句型的动词还有think,believe,expect,report,consider,suppose等。该结构相当于“It is+过去分词+that…”, 两句式可以相互转化。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The movie is believed (be) one of the best science fiction movies ever made in China.
②Zhang Sanfeng was said (invent) tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.
(2)写作金句
(应用文写作话题之自然生态)据报道,研究小组近来发现了一种新的植物。
→ a new species of plant recently.
→The research team a new species of plant recently. Period Three Developing ideas
●Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分,满分12分)
1. Each culture has its own distinct
(characteristic) that make it unique and recognizable.
2.A note of criticism can (detect) from his remarks.
3.The (friendly) policies of the new government led to a decline in foreign investment and tourism in the country.
4. The environmental group issued a (warn) about plastic pollution in the oceans, and many consumers answered the call to reduce their use of plastics.
5.The remote village, which is often hit by (dry), still uses primitive methods of agriculture and relies on rainwater collection to sustain their livelihoods.
6. The scientist conducted a study to determine if goats were (blame) for the decline in certain plant species in the area.
7.As the economy development rate was decline, many families were struggling to make ends meet.
8. The customs we observe today are native our culture and have been passed down through generations, honouring the wisdom and traditions of our ancestors.
●Ⅱ 短语填空(每小题2分,满分12分)
1. David had a brain disease which (阻止他……)walking or running like other children.
2. The technician (把……归咎于……) a faulty cable connection for the Internet slowdowns we’ve been experiencing.
3.People believe that the tea leaves picked on the day of Guyu can make eyes clear and (赶走) bad luck.
4.The popularity of the book series can (和……相关联) its unique feature of combining fantasy with real-world issues.
5.The basic design of the car is very (与……相似) that of earlier models.
6. Joining the professional association gave her the opportunity (与……沟通) experts in her field and expand her career network.
●Ⅲ 句型训练(每小题3分,满分12分)
1. Confucius and Lao-tzu
two of the well-known professionals in education in ancient China.
孔子和老子被认为是中国古代著名的两位教育专家。
2.He saved a copy of his work on the cloud from any device, wherever he was.
他在云端保存了工作副本,以便无论身在何处,都能从任何设备上继续编辑。
3.Some people are wasting large quantities of things every day .(表对比)
有些人每日浪费大量的东西,而有些人却艰难谋生。
4.As the evening chill set in, we gathered around the campfire , sharing our stories.(with的复合结构) 随着夜幕降临,寒意袭来,我们裹着毯子围坐在篝火旁,分享着故事。
●Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A [2025·湖北黄冈高二阶段性联考]
Chances are that you’ve heard the phrase “like a moth (飞蛾) to a fire”—and probably seen it in action at a nighttime campfire or barbecue, too.
It turns out, however, that this age-old saying may not be quite right. Rather than being attracted to light, moths’ tendency to fly towards brightness is a behavioural response to help them determine which way is up, suggests a new study published today in the journal Nature Communications.
Unlike humans, most insects don’t have vestibule (前庭) systems to help them maintain direction in space. “But they do have a system that allows them to really quickly tell what’s bright and what’s dark, and gives them feedback about the sky so that they can fly stably,” Sondhi, the leading researcher, says. “If they mess that up, they start crashing or they go too high and then they lose their speed.”
What if the light is spread over a wide area rather than coming from a singular point The researchers stretched a large white sheet across the theatre top and shot a UV light on it. “If the insects were truly attracted by the light, they should fly up towards it,” says Sam Fabian, a study co-author and insect researcher at Imperial College in London. “Instead, the insects flew straight through this illuminated (被照明的) passage, flying how they would do during the day.”
The team then placed the sheet on the ground and shone the light on it, which is when something truly strange happened: “All these moths flying over it turned upside down and crashed out of the sky,” Fabian says.
These behaviours suggest that artificial light can cause a mismatch between the insects’ sense of which way is up and the true direction. This behavioural natural ability could spell trouble for insects’ populations. Satellite data has revealed that the use of artificial light has skyrocketed over the past decade, with the world getting 2 percent brighter each year. Depending on how lights are used, their shine could catch insects in a tiring orbit, or send them falling to their death.
( )1.Why is the old saying mentioned at the beginning
A.To illustrate common sense.
B.To introduce a new theory.
C.To popularize a complex phrase.
D.To present a reasonable argument.
( )2.How do the insects confirm their direction when flying
A.By flying over the tree tops.
B.By keeping their speed stable.
C.By approaching the position of light.
D.By distinguishing the brightness and darkness.
( )3.What do Paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly focus on
A.Detailed accounts of the research process.
B.Simple clarification of the research results.
C.Potential application of the research findings.
D.Further explanation of the research conclusion.
( )4.What is the possible impact of artificial
light on insects
A.It declines their chances of survival.
B.It improves their ability to shine at night.
C.It familiarizes insects with their flight orbit.
D.It assists insects to maintain their sense of direction.
B [2025·浙江诸暨中学暨阳分校高二期中]
A recent study from the University of Guelph in Canada has revealed a surprising discovery about common eastern bumblebees (大黄蜂): these insects can survive underwater for up to a week. This finding, published in the journal Biology Letters, came about due to an experimental error when researchers placed hibernating (冬眠的) queen bumblebees in water and found them alive days later. The discovery has impressed scientists, particularly because bumblebees are land-based creatures not typically associated with water environments.
Nigel Raine, a professor in the school of environmental sciences at the university and the study’s lead author, expressed his astonishment at the results. To further explore this phenomenon, Raine and his team conducted an experiment involving 143 hibernating queen bumblebees. They discovered that those placed underwater for up to seven days had similar survival rates to those not, indicating that the bees’ ability to survive such conditions may be more common than previously thought.
The research underlines the strength of bumblebees during their hibernation period, a critical phase in their life cycle that has remained largely unexplored. Queen bumblebees typically hibernate alone in small holes during the cold months, which are believed to protect them from flooding. However, this study reveals that these bees possess an unexpected adaptation, allowing them to survive even in flooded conditions.
Given these findings, one possible explanation for their survival is diapause, a state of suspended growth and reproduction characterized by reduced oxygen intake. During this state, bumblebees may close their spiracles (气孔) to prevent water from entering their bodies, and they might also breathe through their skin. This energy-saving mode is likely a key factor in their ability to survive beneath the water.
Raine emphasized the importance of understanding these mechanisms, as it could have significant implications for the study of wild insects that help with plant reproduction, which are crucial for food security and ecosystem health. His team’s research will aim to determine whether hibernating queens can survive even longer periods underwater and if similar strength exists in other bee species.
( )5.What do we know about the finding
A.It matched prior beliefs.
B.It concerned sea insects.
C.It was fully anticipated.
D.It was made by accident.
( )6.What can be inferred about bumblebees from Paragraph 3
A.They hibernate in groups for protection.
B.They are always protected from flooding.
C.They have a hidden adaptation mechanism.
D.They reproduce better in flooded conditions.
( )7.What may Nigel Raine do in the future
A.Secure research patents.
B.Prioritize dietary security.
C.Conduct further research.
D.Raise ecological awareness.
( )8.Which is the most suitable title for the text
A.Bumblebee reproductive habits
B.Bumblebee hibernation patterns
C.Scientists’ experimental methods
D.Bumblebee survival underwater(共56张PPT)
Period Three
Developing ideas
课前自主探究
语言知识梳理
练习册
答案速查【导】
答案速查【练】
Task 1: Fast Reading
communicate
ways
plants
Task 2: Careful Reading
( )1.What is the main idea of the first two paragraphs
A.Marco Polo spent most of his time studying plants.
B.There are some legends about talking trees.
C.In the movie Avatar, trees can save people.
D.New research has revealed that plants appear to be able to
communicate.
√
( )2.What can we infer from Paragraph 4
A.All the plants can make noises with their roots.
B.Only chilli plants can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful or
unfriendly.
C.When some plants make clicking noises, perhaps they suggest
drought is coming.
D.People can't hear the noise created by plants because they
can't use sound to communicate with them.
√
( )3.What's the author's attitude towards the future of
research about the secret language of plants
A.Concerned. B.Indifferent. C.Doubtful. D.Optimistic.
√
( )4.What can you infer from the passage
A.After learning the secret language of plants, we can stop
using all the pesticides.
B.The wood wide web was actually established by humans.
C.One day, a tree may make its intentions clear to us through
communication.
D.“Firewall” has been created to prevent plants from being
attacked and robbed.
√
Task 3: Micro-writing
Diverse plants do have their own ways 1.________________
(communicate) with each other. The main purpose for this is
2.________(help) each other out and warn nearby plants of
approaching dangers, such as 3._______ (insect) so that they can
take appropriate action.
One method they use is to release 4._________ (visible)
chemicals into the air. Other plants can then detect these
chemicals and know to defend 5.___________ (they), or ask for
help.
to communicate
to help
insects
invisible
themselves
Another method is to use sound to communicate but
people can't hear these sounds. Some plants make noises
6._____their roots, such as chilli and corn plants. They also
“listen” to the noises from other plants. Take chilli plants 7.____
example. A chilli plant can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful,
or unfriendly. Besides, some trees make clicking noises when
there is not enough water, 8.__________ (indicate) drought is on
the road.
with
for
indicating
Moreover, plants can talk with each other with the help of
the “wood wide web”, which 9._________ (link) underground by
fungi. 10._______(use) this amazing system of communication,
plants can share information and even food with each other.
is linked
Using
1.link v.把……联系起来;连接 n.联系;连接
(教材P76)Most surprisingly of all,plants have an amazing system
of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest.
最令人惊讶的是,植物有一个惊人的交流系统,可以把森林里几乎所有
的植物联系起来。
(1)link…to/with 把……和……连接/联系起来
be linked to/with sth 与……连接/相关联
(2)a link between…and…/with sth 和……之间的联系/纽带
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷]People often link their memory of what
they've read ________ how far into the book it was or where it
was on the page.
to/with
(2)写作金句
①(读后续写之亲情)我认识到我奶奶的厨艺和她对家人的爱之间有着
紧密的联系。
I came to realise ____________________________________
____________________________________________________.
there was a close link between my grandmother's cooking skills and her love for the family
②(读后续写之文末总结句)不可否认,学生的学业成绩与他们的学习
习惯和学习投入密切相关。
There is no denying that a student's academic achievements
________________________ their study habits and dedication to
learning.
are closely linked with/to
2.prevent vt.预防;阻止,阻挡
(教材P76)Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a
“firewall” to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide
web.
也许未来某一天,科学家们会研究出建造“防火墙”的方法来阻止树维
网中的这些攻击。
(1)prevent/stop/keep…from… 阻止/防止……做某事
protect…from/against… 保护……免受……伤害
(2)prevention n. 阻止,妨碍;预防
[温馨提示] prevent/stop…from…中的from可以省略, keep…from…
中的from不能省略。但在被动结构中, from均不可省略。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Proper handwashing is crucial for the ___________ (prevent) of
the spread of germs.
②Due to the security alert, the public was prevented ______
entering the building until further notice.
prevention
from
(2)写作金句
[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷](读后续写之人物描写)戴维患有脑部疾病,
无法像其他孩子一样走路或跑步。
David had a brain disease __________________________________
___________ like other children. (定语从句;prevent)
which prevented him (from) walking or running
(教材P74)Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have
visited such a tree in India.
据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗在印度曾经遇到过一棵这样的树。
句型公式
Sb is said to do/have done sth.
【归纳拓展】
(1) “Sb is said to do/have done sth.”句型, 意为“据说……”,其中不
定式有时态和语态的变化。
to do sth(未发生)
to be doing sth(正在发生)
to have done sth(已发生)
sb+be+过去分词+
(2)用于本句型的动词还有think,believe,expect,report,consider,
suppose等。该结构相当于“It is+过去分词+that…”, 两句式可以相互
转化。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The movie is believed _______ (be) one of the best science
fiction movies ever made in China.
to be
②Zhang Sanfeng was said _________________(invent) tai chi
after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a
bird.
to have invented
(2)写作金句
(应用文写作话题之自然生态)据报道,研究小组近来发现了一种新的
植物。
→_________________________________________________ a new
species of plant recently.
→The research team ______________________________ a new
species of plant recently.
It is reported that the research team has discovered
is reported to have discovered
练 习 册
Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分,满分12分)
1.Each culture has its own distinct______________(characteristic)
that make it unique and recognizable.
characteristics
2.A note of criticism can____________ (detect) from his remarks.
be detected
3.The__________ (friendly) policies of the new government led
to a decline in foreign investment and tourism in the country.
unfriendly
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
4.The environmental group issued a_________(warn) about plastic
pollution in the oceans, and many consumers answered the call
to reduce their use of plastics.
warning
5.The remote village, which is often hit by_________(dry), still
uses primitive methods of agriculture and relies on rainwater
collection to sustain their livelihoods.
drought
6.The scientist conducted a study to determine if goats
were__________(blame) for the decline in certain plant species
in the area.
to blame
1
2
3
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7.As the economy development rate was ___ decline, many
families were struggling to make ends meet.
in
8.The customs we observe today are native ____ our culture
and have been passed down through generations, honouring
the wisdom and traditions of our ancestors.
to
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Ⅱ 短语填空(每小题2分,满分12分)
1.David had a brain disease which____________________________
____ (阻止他……)walking or running like other children.
prevented/stopped/kept him from
2.The technician_____________________________ (把……归咎
于……) a faulty cable connection for the Internet slowdowns
we've been experiencing.
lays/puts/places the blame on
3.People believe that the tea leaves picked on the day of Guyu
can make eyes clear and___________(赶走) bad luck.
drive away
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4.The popularity of the book series can_____________
(和……相关联) its unique feature of combining fantasy with
real-world issues.
be linked to
5.The basic design of the car is very__________(与……相似) that
of earlier models.
similar to
6.Joining the professional association gave her the opportunity
_____________________ (与……沟通) experts in her field and
expand her career network.
to communicate with
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Ⅲ 句型训练(每小题3分,满分12分)
1.Confucius and Lao-tzu___________________two of the
well-known professionals in education in ancient China.
孔子和老子被认为是中国古代著名的两位教育专家。
are believed to be
2.He saved a copy of his work on the cloud _________________
_________________ from any device, wherever he was.
他在云端保存了工作副本,以便无论身在何处,都能从任何设备上
继续编辑。
so that he could carry on editing it
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3.Some people are wasting large quantities of things every
day______________________________________________.(表对比)
有些人每日浪费大量的东西,而有些人却艰难谋生。
while others are struggling to make/earn a living
4.As the evening chill set in, we gathered around the
campfire________________________________, sharing our
stories.(with的复合结构)
随着夜幕降临,寒意袭来,我们裹着毯子围坐在篝火旁,分享着故事。
with blankets wrapped around us
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Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A[2025·湖北黄冈高二阶段性联考]
Chances are that you've heard the phrase “like a moth
(飞蛾) to a fire”—and probably seen it in action at a nighttime
campfire or barbecue, too.
It turns out, however, that this age-old saying may not be
quite right. Rather than being attracted to light, moths' tendency
to fly towards brightness is a behavioural response to help them
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determine which way is up, suggests a new study published
today in the journal Nature Communications.
Unlike humans, most insects don't have vestibule (前庭)
systems to help them maintain direction in space. “But they do
have a system that allows them to really quickly tell what's
bright and what's dark, and gives them feedback about the sky
so that they can fly stably,” Sondhi, the leading researcher, says.
“If they mess that up, they start crashing or they go too high
and then they lose their speed.”
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What if the light is spread over a wide area rather than
coming from a singular point The researchers stretched a large
white sheet across the theatre top and shot a UV light on it. “If
the insects were truly attracted by the light, they should fly up
towards it,” says Sam Fabian, a study co-author and insect
researcher at Imperial College in London. “Instead, the insects
flew straight through this illuminated (被照明的) passage, flying
how they would do during the day.”
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The team then placed the sheet on the ground and shone
the light on it, which is when something truly strange happened:
“All these moths flying over it turned upside down and crashed
out of the sky,” Fabian says.
These behaviours suggest that artificial light can cause a
mismatch between the insects' sense of which way is up and
the true direction. This behavioural natural ability could spell
trouble for insects' populations. Satellite data has revealed that
the use of artificial light has skyrocketed over the past decade,
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with the world getting 2 percent brighter each year. Depending
on how lights are used, their shine could catch insects in a
tiring orbit, or send them falling to their death.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究,说明
了飞蛾对光的行为反应,以及人造光对昆虫可能造成的问题。
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( )1.Why is the old saying mentioned at the beginning
A.To illustrate common sense.
B.To introduce a new theory.
C.To popularize a complex phrase.
D.To present a reasonable argument.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。第一段“Chances are that you've heard the
phrase ‘like a moth(飞蛾)to a fire’—and probably seen it in
action at a nighttime campfire or barbecue, too.”提到“飞蛾扑火”
这个谚语,由第二段“It turns out, however, that this age-old
saying may not be quite right. Rather than being attracted to
light, moths' tendency to fly towards brightness is a behavioural
response to help them determine which way is up, suggests a
new study published today in the journal Nature
Communications.”可知,文章开头的写作目的是引出一项实验研究。
故选B。
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( )2.How do the insects confirm their direction when flying
A.By flying over the tree tops.
B.By keeping their speed stable.
C.By approaching the position of light.
D.By distinguishing the brightness and darkness.
[解析] 细节理解题。由第三段“But they do have a system that
allows them to really quickly tell what's bright and what's dark,
and gives them feedback about the sky so that they can fly
stably…”可知,昆虫飞行时通过分辨明亮和黑暗来确认方向,故选D。
√
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( )3.What do Paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly focus on
A.Detailed accounts of the research process.
B.Simple clarification of the research results.
C.Potential application of the research findings.
D.Further explanation of the research conclusion.
[解析] 段落大意题。根据第四段中“The researchers stretched a
large white sheet across the theatre top and shot a UV light on
it.”和第五段中“The team then placed the sheet on the ground
and shone the light on it, which is when something truly
strange happened…”可知,这两段主要呈现的是实验过程的详细描
述。故选A。
√
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( )4.What is the possible impact of artificial
light on insects
A.It declines their chances of survival.
B.It improves their ability to shine at night.
C.It familiarizes insects with their flight orbit.
D.It assists insects to maintain their sense of direction.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Depending on how lights are
used, their shine could catch insects in a tiring orbit, or send
them falling to their death.”可知,人造光的使用可能降低昆虫的生
存机会。故选A。
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B[2025·浙江诸暨中学暨阳分校高二期中]
A recent study from the University of Guelph in Canada has
revealed a surprising discovery about common eastern
bumblebees (大黄蜂): these insects can survive underwater for
up to a week. This finding, published in the journal Biology
Letters, came about due to an experimental error when
researchers placed hibernating (冬眠的) queen bumblebees in
water and found them alive days later. The discovery has
impressed scientists, particularly because bumblebees are land-
based creatures not typically associated with water environments.
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Nigel Raine, a professor in the school of environmental
sciences at the university and the study's lead author, expressed
his astonishment at the results. To further explore this
phenomenon, Raine and his team conducted an experiment
involving 143 hibernating queen bumblebees. They discovered
that those placed underwater for up to seven days had similar
survival rates to those not, indicating that the bees' ability to
survive such conditions may be more common than previously
thought.
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The research underlines the strength of bumblebees during
their hibernation period, a critical phase in their life cycle that
has remained largely unexplored. Queen bumblebees typically
hibernate alone in small holes during the cold months, which
are believed to protect them from flooding. However, this study
reveals that these bees possess an unexpected adaptation,
allowing them to survive even in flooded conditions.
Given these findings, one possible explanation for their
survival is diapause, a state of suspended growth and
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reproduction characterized by reduced oxygen intake. During this
state, bumblebees may close their spiracles (气孔) to prevent
water from entering their bodies, and they might also breathe
through their skin. This energy-saving mode is likely a key
factor in their ability to survive beneath the water.
Raine emphasized the importance of understanding these
mechanisms, as it could have significant implications for the
study of wild insects that help with plant reproduction, which
are crucial for food security and ecosystem health.
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His team's research will aim to determine whether hibernating
queens can survive even longer periods underwater and if
similar strength exists in other bee species.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。一项研究发现,东部大黄蜂可以在水
下生存长达一周,这种适应能力在以往未被发现。研究表明,大黄
蜂在冬眠期间可能通过关闭气孔和减缓新陈代谢来实现这一生存技
巧,这一发现对研究野生昆虫的生存机制具有重要意义。
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( )5.What do we know about the finding
A.It matched prior beliefs. B.It concerned sea insects.
C.It was fully anticipated. D.It was made by accident.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“This finding, published in the
journal Biology Letters, came about due to an experimental
error when researchers placed hibernating (冬眠的) queen
bumblebees in water and found them alive days later. The
discovery has impressed scientists, particularly because
bumblebees are land-based creatures not typically associated
with water environments.”可知,这个发现是偶然的,而非预先计划
的。故选D项。
√
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( )6.What can be inferred about bumblebees from
Paragraph 3
A.They hibernate in groups for protection.
B.They are always protected from flooding.
C.They have a hidden adaptation mechanism.
D.They reproduce better in flooded conditions.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段“However, this study reveals that
these bees possess an unexpected adaptation, allowing them to
survive even in flooded conditions.”可知,研究发现大黄蜂在水下
能够生存,这表明它们具备一种未被发现的适应机制,这一机制帮
助它们在洪水这样的极端条件下生存。故选C项。
√
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( )7.What may Nigel Raine do in the future
A.Secure research patents. B.Prioritize dietary security.
C.Conduct further research. D.Raise ecological awareness.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Raine emphasized the
importance of understanding these mechanisms, as it could have
significant implications for the study of wild insects that help
with plant reproduction, which are crucial for food security and
ecosystem health. His team's research will aim to determine
whether hibernating queens can survive even longer periods
underwater and if similar strength exists in other bee species.”可
知,Nigel Raine强调了理解大黄蜂在水下存活机制的重要性,所以
他将继续进行研究。故选C项。
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( )8.Which is the most suitable title for the text
A.Bumblebee reproductive habits
B.Bumblebee hibernation patterns
C.Scientists' experimental methods
D.Bumblebee survival underwater
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A recent study from the
University of Guelph in Canada has revealed a surprising
discovery about common eastern bumblebees (大黄蜂): these
insects can survive underwater for up to a week.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
This finding, published in the journal Biology Letters, came
about due to an experimental error when researchers placed
hibernating (冬眠的) queen bumblebees in water and found
them alive days later. The discovery has impressed scientists,
particularly because bumblebees are land-based creatures not
typically associated with water environments.”以及通读全文可知,
文章的主要内容集中在大黄蜂在水下生存的发现及其意义,因此D项
“Bumblebee survival underwater”(大黄蜂在水下生存)是最合适的标
题。故选D项。
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Unit 5 Revealing nature
Period Three Developing ideas
导学案
课前自主探究
Task 1: Fast Reading
1.communicate 2.ways 3.plants
Task 2: Careful Reading
1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C
Task 3: Micro-writing
1.to communicate 2.to help 3.insects 4.invisible
5.themselves 6.with 7.for 8.indicating 9.is linked 10.Using
语言知识梳理
词汇点睛
1.(1)to/with (2)①there was a close link between my
grandmother's cooking skills and her love for the family
②are closely linked with/to
2.(1)①prevention ②from (2)which prevented him
(from) walking or running
句型透视
(1)①to be ②to have invented (2)It is reported that
the research team has discovered;is reported to have
discovered
练习册
Ⅰ 1.characteristics 2.be detected 3.unfriendly 4.warning
5.drought 6.to blame 7.in 8.to
Ⅱ 1.prevented/stopped/kept him from 2.lays/puts/places
the blame on 3.drive away 4.be linked to 5.similar to
6.to communicate with
Ⅲ 1.are believed to be 2.so that he could carry on editing
it 3.while others are struggling to make/earn a living
4.with blankets wrapped around us
Ⅳ 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.D