Period Four Writing
【单元主题表达】
第二步 遣词造句
【核心词汇】
1.occur 2.search for 3.high-quality 4.container
5.expand 6.cover 7.to one’s delight/joy 8.come up
9.observe 10.gradually 11.process
【高级句式】
1.it suddenly occurred to me that
2.information (which/that) I needed
3.Here is what I did and observed
4.with clean water in it
5.becoming soft and bigger; their colour lighter
6.so that they wouldn’t go rotten
7.what will happen
第三步 组句成篇
Hello, everyone!
Soybean sprouts are one of my favourite vegetables. One day during the vacation, it suddenly occurred to me that I could learn to grow some myself. After searching the Internet for the information I needed, I began with great interest. Here is what I did and observed.
First, I kept some high-quality soybeans in a container with clean water in it. After about ten hours, the soybeans expanded, becoming soft and bigger, their colour lighter. Then, I covered them with a wet cloth. The following day, to my delight, they began to come up. The buds were growing longer gradually. The water was changed twice or three times each day so that they wouldn’t go rotten. On the fourth day, the buds grew almost long enough to eat. Isn’t it amazing Try growing some yourself and see what will happen. You will enjoy the process, I believe.
That’s all. Thank you.
【活学活用】
One possible version:
4th December Sunny
Today my mother took me to a flower market, where I enjoyed all kinds of flowers(定语从句).
Among all the flowers, the one that impressed me most (定语从句) was the mimosa. It seems very small among the tall green plants. The leaves of the mimosa are like green feathers. With small pink flowers shaped like pompoms(with复合结构), the mimosa is like a gentle girl or rather, a little shy girl. Its leaves are sensitive to people’s touch and when the leaves are touched(时间状语从句), it will close up. That is why it is called “Hanxiucao” in Chinese (表语从句). What fun it is(感叹句)!
I loved it so much that I asked my mother to buy one(结果状语从句). I will take good care of it.Period Four Writing
Ⅰ.A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于狗是否具有指称理解能力,即是否能在听到物体名称时在脑海中形成该物体的心理图像的科学研究。
1.C 词义猜测题。根据第二段“But science has had trouble determining whether dogs and other animals truly create a mental image in their minds upon hearing the name of an object, a relationship with language called referential understanding, which would suggest a deeper understanding of language, like the kind that humans have.”可知,referential understanding指的是前文中“狗和其他动物在听到物体的名字时,在脑海中形成该物体的心理图像”这一现象,所以,referential understanding指的是“在脑海中形成该物体的心理图像”。故选C项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Researchers played audio clips of their owners saying the names of objects, such as ‘ball’ or ‘frisbee’, and then showed the dogs either the corresponding object or a different one to see if dogs would show a distinct brain response when the object matched the word compared to when it did not.”可知,研究人员是通过将物体与单词匹配来测试狗的大脑反应的。故选C项。
3.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Clive Wynne from Arizona State University argued on Facebook that the study only demonstrates dogs’ responses to stimuli (刺激物), rather than an understanding of specific words. He doubts whether dogs grasp the exact meaning of words.”可知,克莱夫·温恩认为这项研究高估了狗的认知能力,只是证明了狗对刺激物的反应,而不是对特定单词的理解。故选A项。
4.D 主旨大意题。通读全文,结合第二段中“But science has had trouble determining whether dogs and other animals truly create a mental image in their minds upon hearing the name of an object, a relationship with language called referential understanding…”和最后一段中“However, whether this long history of cohabitation contributed to their ability to understand referential language remains an open question.”可知,文章主要介绍了关于狗是否具有指称理解能力的科学研究,即探讨狗是否能在听到物体名称时在脑海中形成该物体的心理图像。故选D项。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。猛犸象是现代大象的史前冰河时代的表亲,人们一直认为它们居住在不列颠哥伦比亚省的部分地区,但时间问题总是模糊不清。如今,研究人员有了新发现。
5.C 词义猜测题。由文章第一段“Mammoths, the massive prehistoric ice age cousins of the modern-day elephant, have always been understood to have inhabited parts of British Columbia, but the question of when has always been woolly. Now, a new study from Simon Fraser University has given scientists the clearest picture yet of when the giant mammals (巨型哺乳动物) walked on Vancouver Island.”可知,关于猛犸象何时在不列颠哥伦比亚省的部分地区生存的问题一直是模糊的,因此woolly在此处表示“令人困惑的”。故选C。
6.D 细节理解题。由文章第三段“The youngest sample was found to be around 23,000 years old and the oldest turned out to be beyond the range radiocarbon dating could measure, meaning it was older than 45,000 years.”可知,通过放射性碳定年法可以测量到的样品最老不会超过45 000年。故选D。
7.A 推理判断题。由文章第五段“Termes says, ‘We were expecting similar results to the two samples previously dated, but what we found were mammoths that were much older. It is fantastic that they could be preserved for that long.’”可知,Termes对研究结果感到非常兴奋,认为猛犸象残骸能够被保存这么长时间是非常了不起的。故选A。
8.D 推理判断题。由文章倒数第三段“Termes says having the support at the Royal BC Museum and the Courtenay and District Museum and Palaeontology Centre allowing access to their collections is invaluable to the study.”可知,博物馆的藏品对于这项研究非常重要,因为博物馆提供了支持和接触其藏品的机会。因此,博物馆藏品在文章中被提及是为了强调关于猛犸象的研究需要各方的共同努力。故选D。
Ⅱ.第一节
One possible version:
Last Sunday, our school hosted an event themed “Embracing nature, protecting animals” at the main auditorium and the nearby park.
The event featured a range of activities, including educational presentations on wildlife protection, interactive workshops where students crafted eco-friendly products, and a guided nature walk to observe local plants and animals. Students also participated in a photography contest showcasing the beauty of nature.
The response from both students and teachers was highly positive, with many expressing a deeper awareness of environmental issues and a commitment to protecting wildlife. Overall, the event successfully inspired active participation in conservation efforts.
第二节
【思路点拨】 本文以故事的发展为线索展开,讲述了安迪在上学的路上遇到蜜蜂袭击,在这种紧急状况下,安迪想起了父亲的话“当你在一个紧张的情况下时,不要恐慌,动动脑筋,想办法解决问题。”,最终安迪成功脱险。
【详解】
1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“安迪毫不犹豫地跳下自行车,跳入清凉的水中。”可知,第一段可描写安迪通过水坝避开了蜜蜂。
②由第二段首句内容“不一会儿,他的母亲出现在他面前。”可知,第二段可描写母亲对安迪的安慰以及安迪的感悟。
2.续写线索:跳入水中避险—避险成功—给母亲讲述过程—感悟
One possible version:
Without hesitation, Andy jumped off his bike and dived into the cool water. After holding his breath for as long as he could, Andy came up for air and noticed the bees had gone. Dragging himself out of the dam(现在分词作状语), he struggled up the hilly slope and rang the doorbell. Mr Nelson happened to be home and seeing the tired and wet boy(现在分词作状语), the owner took him inside. After knowing what Andy had experienced(宾语从句), he praised the boy and rang his mother.
In no time, his mother appeared in front of him. Seeing Andy(现在分词作状语), his mother anxiously asked whether he was injured(宾语从句). Andy answered it was the dam that saved him(强调句型). His mother laughed with relief and said he really needed that fishing break to help him recover(不定式作目的状语). But Andy did not hear her. He was thinking his father’s words “When you are in a tight situation, don’t panic.” And he realized how important it was to listen to parents(宾语从句).Period Four Writing
写观察日记
【写作指导】
观察日记是指把生活中看到的事物记录下来,不论是山川地貌、奇异景观,还是动植物、趣闻场面等。观察日记不同于我们平时书写的普通日记,要掌握相应的写作方法。
(1)观察要善于抓住特点,突出重点。观察事物必须看清楚,看仔细,把特殊地方写具体,才会使人印象深刻。重点是要在抓住特点的基础上有所侧重。有了特点和重点,写作对象就在脑海里了。例如本单元要求写一篇向日葵生长的观察日记,而向日葵的每个生长阶段都有自己的特点和周期,要把这些描述清楚。
(2)观察要有顺序,突出层次。观察顺序主要包括:从上到下、从左到右、从外到里,或先中间再两边等。还是以观察向日葵为例,本文应该按照时间发展顺序进行观察,注意向日葵在每个阶段的不同特点。
【经典例题】
开学之初,英语老师让你们在课堂上汇报假期里做的一件有意义的事情,请根据下面的提示,向同学们汇报你培育黄豆芽(soybean sprout)的过程:
1.用干净的水浸泡黄豆;
2.大约十小时后,黄豆开始变软变大,并且颜色变浅;
3.用湿布覆盖黄豆,并每天换水两到三次;
4.第二天黄豆开始发芽,第四天就差不多可以食用了。
参考词汇:腐烂 go rotten 芽 bud
第一步 思路点拨
第二步 遣词造句
【核心词汇】
1. v. 发生
2. 搜索
3. adj. 质量好的
4. n. 容器
5. v.扩大,膨胀
6. …with… 用……覆盖……
7. 令某人高兴的是
8. 发芽
9. v.观察
10. adv. 逐渐地
11. n. 过程
【高级句式】
1.形式主语
One day during the vacation, I could learn to grow some myself.
假期里的一天,我突然想到,我可以学着自己种一些。
2.定语从句
After searching the Internet for the , I began with great interest.
在因特网上搜索了我需要的信息后,我非常感兴趣地开始了。
3.表语从句;完全倒装
.
以下是我所做和观察到的。
4.with复合结构
First, I kept some high-quality soybeans in a container .
首先,我把一些优质大豆放在一个装有清水的容器里。
5.现在分词作状语;独立主格结构
After about ten hours, the soybeans expanded, , .
大约十个小时后,大豆膨胀,变得柔软、更大,它们的颜色变浅。
6.结果状语从句
The water was changed twice or three times each day .
每天换两三次水,这样它们就不会腐烂。
7.宾语从句
Try growing some yourself and see .
试着自己种一些,看看会发生什么。
第三步 组句成篇
【活学活用】
假设今天你妈妈带你去花卉市场看花,让你印象最深刻的是含羞草。它的叶子像绿色的羽毛,花像粉色的小绒球,轻轻一碰,叶子就会闭合。你很喜欢,因此让妈妈买了一盆。请你用英语写一篇日记,记述整个过程。
注意:1.词数80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:含羞草 mimosa 绒球 pompom
Period Four Writing
●Ⅰ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A [2025·四川攀枝花高二期中]
Dog owners often believe that their pets understand commands such as “sit” and “stay”, and even associate words with their favourite objects. “Bring me your ball” will often result in exactly that.
But science has had trouble determining whether dogs and other animals truly create a mental image in their minds upon hearing the name of an object, a relationship with language called referential understanding, which would suggest a deeper understanding of language, like the kind that humans have.
A recent study conducted in Hungary, appearing in Current Biology, explores this issue. It involved 18 dogs and employed a non-invasive EEG procedure to measure their brain activity. Researchers played audio clips of their owners saying the names of objects, such as “ball” or “frisbee”, and then showed the dogs either the corresponding object or a different one to see if dogs would show a distinct brain response when the object matched the word compared to when it did not.
Boros, a co-lead writer of the study, said “A different brain pattern appeared when the dogs were shown an object that matched the word compared to when it did not, indicating that they might create a mental image of the object upon hearing its name. That was previously unproven.”
Lilla Magyari, another co-lead writer, noted that while other animals have shown some level of referential understanding, they often require extensive training. In contrast, the study suggests that in dogs, such abilities appear to be inborn and require no special training or talent. This finding supports that referential understanding is not necessarily unique to humans.
Despite the study’s promising results, some experts are sceptical. Clive Wynne from Arizona State University argued on Facebook that the study only demonstrates dogs’ responses to stimuli (刺激物), rather than an understanding of specific words. He doubts whether dogs grasp the exact meaning of words.
Scientists believe the first dogs began to be kept by humans up to 30,000 years ago. The animals have lived closely alongside us ever since. However, whether this long history of cohabitation contributed to their ability to understand referential language remains an open question.
( )1.What does “referential understanding” refer to
A.Associating words with emotions.
B.Responding actively to commands.
C.Forming mental images of objects.
D.Learning objects through training.
( )2.How did researchers test dogs’ brain responses
A.By using different audio tones.
B.By adjusting shapes of objects.
C.By matching objects with words.
D.By comparing different objects.
( )3.Which does Clive Wynne agree with about the study
A.It overestimates dogs’ cognitive abilities.
B.It is widely accepted by the scientific field.
C.It proves dogs know specific words very well.
D.It provides a new insight about dogs’ evolution.
( )4.What’s the text mainly about
A.What dog owners’ belief about their pets is.
B.What dogs’ response to the different objects is.
C.Whether we can train dogs to follow commands.
D.Whether referential understanding exists in dogs.
B [2025·河北衡水高二期中]
Mammoths, the massive prehistoric ice age cousins of the modern-day elephant, have always been understood to have inhabited parts of British Columbia, but the question of when has always been woolly. Now, a new study from Simon Fraser University has given scientists the clearest picture yet of when the giant mammals (巨型哺乳动物) walked on Vancouver Island.
As part of SFU researcher Laura Termes’ PhD and published earlier this month in the Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, the study examined 32 suspected mammoth samples collected on Vancouver Island. Of those samples, just 16 were considered fit for radiocarbon dating(放射性碳定年法).
The youngest sample was found to be around 23,000 years old and the oldest turned out to be beyond the range radiocarbon dating could measure, meaning it was older than 45,000 years.
Prior to the study, only two mammoth remains found on Vancouver Island had ever been dated before. Both lived around 21,000 years ago, so this study provides a greater understanding of when the massive mammals lived in the area.
Termes says, “We were expecting similar results to the two samples previously dated, but what we found were mammoths that were much older. It is fantastic that they could be preserved for that long.”
Termes says having the support at the Royal BC Museum and the Courtenay and District Museum and Palaeontology Centre allowing access to their collections is invaluable to the study.
“This research highlights the important role of museum collections for understanding how life has evolved and changed in British Columbia’s deep history,” says Victoria Arbour, who works at the Royal BC Museum. “It’s great to see mammoths’ relatives in the Royal BC Museum’s collections in the spotlight through this research.”
“Researchers need all the help they can get because while mammoths were enormous, finding complete samples in British Columbia is actually quite rare,” says Termes.
( )5.What does the underlined word “woolly” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean
A.Certain. B.Attractive.
C.Confusing. D.Understandable.
( )6.What can we know about radiocarbon dating according to the text
A.Mammoth remains were not dated by it.
B.32 suspected mammoth samples were fit for it.
C.It can exactly date the oldest mammoth sample.
D.It measures samples no older than 45,000 years.
( )7.How does Termes feel about the research results
A.Excited. B.Regretful.
C.Worried. D.Calm.
( )8.Why are museum collections mentioned in the text
A.To discuss a way to popularize local museums.
B.To point out the limitations of sampling methods.
C.To show complete mammoth samples were enormous.
D.To stress research on mammoths calls for joint efforts.
●Ⅱ 写作
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
[2025·福建宁德高二质检]
假定你是宁德市某中学校英文报记者李华,你校上周举办了“走进自然,保护动物”的主题活动。请你为此次活动写一篇报道,内容包括:
1.活动时间、地点;
2.活动内容;
3.活动反响。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
[2025·辽宁沈阳高二期中]
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Andy rode slowly on his way to school, daydreaming about the fishing trip that his father had promised him. He was so busy dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was unaware of everything else around him.
He rode along until a strange sound drew him to the present. He came to a stop and looked curiously up to the sky. What he saw shocked and terrified him. A huge swarm (一大群) of bees filled the sky like a black cloud and they seemed to be heading angrily towards him.
With no time to waste, Andy sped off in the opposite direction, riding with great speed but without knowing how to escape the swarm. With a rapidly beating heart, he sped down the rough road. As the bees came closer, his panic increased. Andy knew that he was sensitive to bee stings (蜇). The last sting had landed him in hospital and that was only one bee sting! He had been forced to lie in bed for two whole days. Suddenly, his father’s words came to him. “When you are in a tight situation, don’t panic. Use your brain and think your way out of it.”
On a nearby hill, he could see smoke waving slowly skywards from the chimney of the Nelson’s home. “Bees don’t like smoke,” he thought. “They couldn’t get into the house.” Andy raced towards the Nelson’s house, but the bees were gaining ground. Andy knew he could not reach the house in time. He estimated that the bees would catch up with him soon. But he tried his best to keep calm so that he could come up with an idea to escape from the dangerous situation. Suddenly, out of the corner of his eye, he spotted a small dam which was often used by Mr Nelson to irrigate his vegetable garden.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Without hesitation, Andy jumped off his bike and dived into the cool water.
Paragraph 2:
In no time, his mother appeared in front of him.
(共58张PPT)
Period Four
Writing
单元主题表达
练习册
答案速查【导】
答案速查【练】
写观察日记
【写作指导】
观察日记是指把生活中看到的事物记录下来,不论是山川地貌、
奇异景观,还是动植物、趣闻场面等。观察日记不同于我们平时书写
的普通日记,要掌握相应的写作方法。
(1)观察要善于抓住特点,突出重点。观察事物必须看清楚,看仔细,
把特殊地方写具体,才会使人印象深刻。重点是要在抓住特点的基础
上有所侧重。有了特点和重点,写作对象就在脑海里了。例如本单元
要求写一篇向日葵生长的观察日记,而向日葵的每个生长阶段都有自
己的特点和周期,要把这些描述清楚。
(2)观察要有顺序,突出层次。观察顺序主要包括:从上到下、从左
到右、从外到里,或先中间再两边等。还是以观察向日葵为例,本文应
该按照时间发展顺序进行观察,注意向日葵在每个阶段的不同特点。
【经典例题】
开学之初,英语老师让你们在课堂上汇报假期里做的一件有意义
的事情,请根据下面的提示,向同学们汇报你培育黄豆芽
(soybean sprout)的过程:
1.用干净的水浸泡黄豆;
2.大约十小时后,黄豆开始变软变大,并且颜色变浅;
3.用湿布覆盖黄豆,并每天换水两到三次;
4.第二天黄豆开始发芽,第四天就差不多可以食用了。
参考词汇：腐烂 go rotten 芽 bud
第一步 思路点拨
第二步 遣词造句
【核心词汇】
1.______ v. 发生
2.___________ 搜索
3.____________ adj. 质量好的
4.__________n. 容器
5.________v.扩大，膨胀
occur
search for
high-quality
container
expand
6.______…with… 用……覆盖……
7.___________________ 令某人高兴的是
8.__________ 发芽
9.________v.观察
10.__________adv. 逐渐地
11.________n. 过程
cover
to one's delight/joy
come up
observe
gradually
process
【高级句式】
1.形式主语
One day during the vacation, _______________________________
I could learn to grow some myself.
假期里的一天，我突然想到，我可以学着自己种一些。
it suddenly occurred to me that
2.定语从句
After searching the Internet for the __________________________
_______, I began with great interest.
在因特网上搜索了我需要的信息后，我非常感兴趣地开始了。
information (which/that) I needed
3.表语从句；完全倒装
________________________________.
以下是我所做和观察到的。
Here is what I did and observed
4.with复合结构
First, I kept some high-quality soybeans in a container
_____________________.
首先，我把一些优质大豆放在一个装有清水的容器里。
with clean water in it
5.现在分词作状语；独立主格结构
After about ten hours, the soybeans expanded, _______________
__________,__________________.
大约十个小时后，大豆膨胀，变得柔软、更大，它们的颜色变浅。
becoming soft and bigger
their colour lighter
6.结果状语从句
The water was changed twice or three times each day
_______________________________.
每天换两三次水，这样它们就不会腐烂。
so that they wouldn't go rotten
7.宾语从句
Try growing some yourself and see _________________.
试着自己种一些，看看会发生什么。
what will happen
第三步 组句成篇
Hello, everyone!
Soybean sprouts are one of my favourite vegetables. One
day during the vacation, it suddenly occurred to me that I
could learn to grow some myself. After searching the Internet
for the information I needed, I began with great interest. Here
is what I did and observed.
First, I kept some high-quality soybeans in a container with
clean water in it. After about ten hours, the soybeans expanded,
becoming soft and bigger, their colour lighter. Then, I covered
them with a wet cloth. The following day, to my delight, they
began to come up. The buds were growing longer gradually.
The water was changed twice or three times each day so that
they wouldn't go rotten. On the fourth day, the buds grew
almost long enough to eat. Isn't it amazing Try growing some
yourself and see what will happen. You will enjoy the process, I
believe.
That's all. Thank you.
【活学活用】
假设今天你妈妈带你去花卉市场看花,让你印象最深刻的是含羞
草。它的叶子像绿色的羽毛,花像粉色的小绒球,轻轻一碰,叶子就会闭
合。你很喜欢,因此让妈妈买了一盆。请你用英语写一篇日记,记述整
个过程。
注意:1.词数80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:含羞草 mimosa 绒球 pompom
One possible version:
4th December Sunny
Today my mother took me to a flower market, where I
enjoyed all kinds of flowers(定语从句).
Among all the flowers, the one that impressed me most
(定语从句) was the mimosa. It seems very small among the tall
green plants. The leaves of the mimosa are like green feathers.
With small pink flowers shaped like pompoms(with复合结构),
the mimosa is like a gentle girl or rather, a little shy girl.
Its leaves are sensitive to people's touch and when the leaves
are touched(时间状语从句), it will close up. That is why it is
called “Hanxiucao” in Chinese (表语从句). What fun it is
(感叹句)!
I loved it so much that I asked my mother to buy one
(结果状语从句). I will take good care of it.
练 习 册
Ⅰ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A［2025·四川攀枝花高二期中］
Dog owners often believe that their pets understand
commands such as “sit” and “stay”, and even associate words
with their favourite objects. “Bring me your ball” will often result
in exactly that.
But science has had trouble determining whether dogs and
other animals truly create a mental image in their minds upon
hearing the name of an object, a relationship with language
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called referential understanding, which would suggest a deeper
understanding of language, like the kind that humans have.
A recent study conducted in Hungary, appearing in Current
Biology, explores this issue. It involved 18 dogs and employed a
non-invasive EEG procedure to measure their brain activity.
Researchers played audio clips of their owners saying the names
of objects, such as “ball” or “frisbee”, and then showed the
dogs either the corresponding object or a different one to see
if dogs would show a distinct brain response when the object
matched the word compared to when it did not.
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Boros, a co-lead writer of the study, said “A different brain
pattern appeared when the dogs were shown an object that
matched the word compared to when it did not, indicating that
they might create a mental image of the object upon hearing
its name. That was previously unproven.”
Lilla Magyari, another co-lead writer, noted that while other
animals have shown some level of referential understanding,
they often require extensive training. In contrast, the study
suggests that in dogs, such abilities appear to be inborn and
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require no special training or talent. This finding supports that
referential understanding is not necessarily unique to humans.
Despite the study's promising results, some experts are
sceptical. Clive Wynne from Arizona State University argued on
Facebook that the study only demonstrates dogs' responses to
stimuli (刺激物), rather than an understanding of specific words.
He doubts whether dogs grasp the exact meaning of words.
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Scientists believe the first dogs began to be kept by
humans up to 30,000 years ago. The animals have lived closely
alongside us ever since. However, whether this long history of
cohabitation contributed to their ability to understand referential
language remains an open question.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于狗是否具有
指称理解能力，即是否能在听到物体名称时在脑海中形成该物体的
心理图像的科学研究。
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( )1.What does “referential understanding” refer to
A.Associating words with emotions.
B.Responding actively to commands.
C.Forming mental images of objects.
D.Learning objects through training.
√
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[解析] 词义猜测题。根据第二段“But science has had trouble
determining whether dogs and other animals truly create a
mental image in their minds upon hearing the name of an
object, a relationship with language called referential
understanding, which would suggest a deeper understanding of
language, like the kind that humans have.”可知，referential
understanding指的是前文中“狗和其他动物在听到物体的名字时，在
脑海中形成该物体的心理图像”这一现象，所以，referential
understanding指的是“在脑海中形成该物体的心理图像”。故选C项。
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( )2.How did researchers test dogs' brain responses
A.By using different audio tones.
B.By adjusting shapes of objects.
C.By matching objects with words.
D.By comparing different objects.
√
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Researchers played audio clips
of their owners saying the names of objects, such as ‘ball’ or
‘frisbee’, and then showed the dogs either the corresponding
object or a different one to see if dogs would show a distinct
brain response when the object matched the word compared to
when it did not.”可知，研究人员是通过将物体与单词匹配来测试狗
的大脑反应的。故选C项。
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( )3.Which does Clive Wynne agree with about the study
A.It overestimates dogs' cognitive abilities.
B.It is widely accepted by the scientific field.
C.It proves dogs know specific words very well.
D.It provides a new insight about dogs' evolution.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Clive Wynne from Arizona
State University argued on Facebook that the study only
demonstrates dogs' responses to stimuli (刺激物), rather than an
understanding of specific words. He doubts whether dogs grasp
the exact meaning of words.”可知，克莱夫·温恩认为这项研究高估
了狗的认知能力，只是证明了狗对刺激物的反应，而不是对特定单
词的理解。故选A项。
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( )4.What's the text mainly about
A.What dog owners' belief about their pets is.
B.What dogs' response to the different objects is.
C.Whether we can train dogs to follow commands.
D.Whether referential understanding exists in dogs.
√
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[解析] 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“But science has had
trouble determining whether dogs and other animals truly create
a mental image in their minds upon hearing the name of an
object, a relationship with language called referential
understanding…”和最后一段中“However, whether this long history
of cohabitation contributed to their ability to understand
referential language remains an open question.”可知，文章主要介
绍了关于狗是否具有指称理解能力的科学研究，即探讨狗是否能在
听到物体名称时在脑海中形成该物体的心理图像。故选D项。
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B ［2025·河北衡水高二期中］
Mammoths, the massive prehistoric ice age cousins of the
modern-day elephant, have always been understood to have
inhabited parts of British Columbia, but the question of when
has always been woolly. Now, a new study from Simon Fraser
University has given scientists the clearest picture yet of when
the giant mammals (巨型哺乳动物) walked on Vancouver Island.
As part of SFU researcher Laura Termes' PhD and published
earlier this month in the Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, the
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study examined 32 suspected mammoth samples collected on
Vancouver Island. Of those samples, just 16 were considered fit
for radiocarbon dating(放射性碳定年法).
The youngest sample was found to be around 23,000 years
old and the oldest turned out to be beyond the range
radiocarbon dating could measure, meaning it was older than
45,000 years.
Prior to the study, only two mammoth remains found on
Vancouver Island had ever been dated before.
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Both lived around 21,000 years ago, so this study provides a
greater understanding of when the massive mammals lived in
the area.
Termes says, “We were expecting similar results to the two
samples previously dated, but what we found were mammoths
that were much older. It is fantastic that they could be
preserved for that long.”
Termes says having the support at the Royal BC Museum
and the Courtenay and District Museum and Palaeontology
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Centre allowing access to their collections is invaluable to the
study.
“This research highlights the important role of museum
collections for understanding how life has evolved and changed
in British Columbia's deep history,” says Victoria Arbour, who
works at the Royal BC Museum. “It's great to see mammoths'
relatives in the Royal BC Museum's collections in the spotlight
through this research.”
“Researchers need all the help they can get because while
mammoths were enormous, finding complete samples in British
Columbia is actually quite rare,” says Termes.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。猛犸象是现代大象的史前冰河时
代的表亲，人们一直认为它们居住在不列颠哥伦比亚省的部分地区，
但时间问题总是模糊不清。如今，研究人员有了新发现。
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( )5.What does the underlined word “woolly” in Paragraph 1
most probably mean
A.Certain. B.Attractive.
C.Confusing. D.Understandable.
√
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[解析] 词义猜测题。由文章第一段“Mammoths, the massive
prehistoric ice age cousins of the modern-day elephant, have
always been understood to have inhabited parts of British
Columbia, but the question of when has always been woolly.
Now, a new study from Simon Fraser University has given
scientists the clearest picture yet of when the giant mammals
(巨型哺乳动物) walked on Vancouver Island.”可知，关于猛犸象何
时在不列颠哥伦比亚省的部分地区生存的问题一直是模糊的，因此
woolly在此处表示“令人困惑的”。故选C。
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( )6.What can we know about radiocarbon dating according
to the text
A.Mammoth remains were not dated by it.
B.32 suspected mammoth samples were fit for it.
C.It can exactly date the oldest mammoth sample.
D.It measures samples no older than 45,000 years.
√
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[解析] 细节理解题。由文章第三段“The youngest sample was
found to be around 23,000 years old and the oldest turned out
to be beyond the range radiocarbon dating could measure,
meaning it was older than 45,000 years.”可知，通过放射性碳定年
法可以测量到的样品最老不会超过45 000年。故选D。
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( )7.How does Termes feel about the research results
A.Excited. B.Regretful. C.Worried. D.Calm.
[解析] 推理判断题。由文章第五段“Termes says, ‘We were
expecting similar results to the two samples previously dated,
but what we found were mammoths that were much older. It is
fantastic that they could be preserved for that long.’”可知，
Termes对研究结果感到非常兴奋，认为猛犸象残骸能够被保存这么
长时间是非常了不起的。故选A。
√
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( )8.Why are museum collections mentioned in the text
A.To discuss a way to popularize local museums.
B.To point out the limitations of sampling methods.
C.To show complete mammoth samples were enormous.
D.To stress research on mammoths calls for joint efforts.
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[解析] 推理判断题。由文章倒数第三段“Termes says having the
support at the Royal BC Museum and the Courtenay and
District Museum and Palaeontology Centre allowing access to
their collections is invaluable to the study.”可知，博物馆的藏品对
于这项研究非常重要，因为博物馆提供了支持和接触其藏品的机会。
因此，博物馆藏品在文章中被提及是为了强调关于猛犸象的研究需
要各方的共同努力。故选D。
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Ⅱ 写作
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
［2025·福建宁德高二质检］
假定你是宁德市某中学校英文报记者李华，你校上周举办了“走进
自然，保护动物”的主题活动。请你为此次活动写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.活动时间、地点；
2.活动内容；
3.活动反响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
One possible version:
Last Sunday, our school hosted an event themed
“Embracing nature, protecting animals” at the main auditorium
and the nearby park.
The event featured a range of activities, including
educational presentations on wildlife protection, interactive
workshops where students crafted eco-friendly products, and
a guided nature walk to observe local plants and animals.
Students also participated in a photography contest showcasing
the beauty of nature.
The response from both students and teachers was highly
positive, with many expressing a deeper awareness of
environmental issues and a commitment to protecting wildlife.
Overall, the event successfully inspired active participation in
conservation efforts.
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
［2025·辽宁沈阳高二期中］
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成
一篇完整的短文。
Andy rode slowly on his way to school, daydreaming about
the fishing trip that his father had promised him. He was so
busy dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was
unaware of everything else around him.
He rode along until a strange sound drew him to the
present. He came to a stop and looked curiously up to the sky.
What he saw shocked and terrified him. A huge swarm (一大群)
of bees filled the sky like a black cloud and they seemed to be
heading angrily towards him.
With no time to waste, Andy sped off in the opposite
direction, riding with great speed but without knowing how to
escape the swarm. With a rapidly beating heart, he sped down
the rough road. As the bees came closer, his panic increased.
Andy knew that he was sensitive to bee stings (蜇). The last
sting had landed him in hospital and that was only one bee
sting! He had been forced to lie in bed for two whole days.
Suddenly, his father's words came to him. “When you are in a
tight situation, don't panic. Use your brain and think your way
out of it.”
On a nearby hill, he could see smoke waving slowly
skywards from the chimney of the Nelson's home. “Bees don't
like smoke,” he thought. “They couldn't get into the house.”
Andy raced towards the Nelson's house, but the bees were
gaining ground. Andy knew he could not reach the house in
time. He estimated that the bees would catch up with him soon.
But he tried his best to keep calm so that he could come up
with an idea to escape from the dangerous situation. Suddenly,
out of the corner of his eye, he spotted a small dam which was
often used by Mr Nelson to irrigate his vegetable garden.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Without hesitation, Andy jumped off his bike and dived into
the cool water. ______________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
In no time, his mother appeared in front of him._____________
One possible version:
Without hesitation, Andy jumped off his bike and dived into
the cool water. After holding his breath for as long as he could,
Andy came up for air and noticed the bees had gone.
Dragging himself out of the dam(现在分词作状语), he
struggled up the hilly slope and rang the doorbell. Mr Nelson
happened to be home and seeing the tired and wet boy
(现在分词作状语), the owner took him inside. After knowing
what Andy had experienced(宾语从句), he praised the boy and
rang his mother.
In no time, his mother appeared in front of him. Seeing
Andy(现在分词作状语), his mother anxiously asked whether he
was injured(宾语从句). Andy answered it was the dam that
saved him(强调句型). His mother laughed with relief and said
he really needed that fishing break to help him recover
(不定式作目的状语). But Andy did not hear her. He was thinking
his father's words “When you are in a tight situation, don't
panic.” And he realized how important it was to listen to
parents(宾语从句).
【思路点拨】本文以故事的发展为线索展开，讲述了安迪在上学的
路上遇到蜜蜂袭击，在这种紧急状况下，安迪想起了父亲的话“当你
在一个紧张的情况下时，不要恐慌，动动脑筋，想办法解决问题。”，
最终安迪成功脱险。
【详解】
1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“安迪毫不犹豫地跳下自行车，跳入清凉的水
中。”可知，第一段可描写安迪通过水坝避开了蜜蜂。
②由第二段首句内容“不一会儿，他的母亲出现在他面前。”可知，第
二段可描写母亲对安迪的安慰以及安迪的感悟。
2.续写线索：跳入水中避险—避险成功—给母亲讲述过程—感悟
Unit 5 Revealing nature
Period Four Writing
导学案
单元主题表达
第二步 遣词造句
【核心词汇】
1.occur 2.search for 3.high-quality 4.container 5.expand
6.cover 7.to one's delight/joy 8.come up 9.observe
10.gradually 11.process
【高级句式】
1.it suddenly occurred to me that 2.information （which/that）
I needed 3.Here is what I did and observed
4.with clean water in it 5.becoming soft and bigger;
their colour lighter 6.so that they wouldn't go rotten
7.what will happen
第三步 组句成篇
略
【活学活用】
略
练习册
Ⅰ 1.C 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.D
Ⅱ 写作
第一节
略
第二节
略
