人教版2019高中选修3 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 单元知识总结清单（含练习题和书面表达句式及范文）
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Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle单元知识总结清单
一、词组搭配
（一）动词词组
make up one’s mind：下定决心。
例句：She made up her mind to lose weight and started exercising regularly.
（她下定决心减肥，开始定期锻炼。）
shave off：剃掉；刮去。
例句：He shaved off his beard before the important interview.
（在重要面试前，他剃掉了胡子。）
feel pessimistic：感到悲观。
例句：After failing the exam again, he began to feel pessimistic about his future.（再次考试失败后，他开始对自己的未来感到悲观。）
in response to：回答；答复；作为对…… 的回应。
例句：The company took immediate action in response to the customers' complaints.（公司立即采取行动回应客户的投诉。）
take control of：控制；掌管。
例句：We should learn to take control of our emotions.
（我们应该学会控制自己的情绪。）
stress out：焦虑不安；心力交瘁。
例句：Working long hours every day stressed him out.
（每天长时间工作使他心力交瘁。）
rely on：依赖；依靠；信赖。
例句：Don't rely on others too much; you should be independent.
（不要过度依赖他人，你应该独立。）
skip meals：不吃饭；跳过用餐时间。
例句：Skipping meals is bad for your health.（不吃饭对你的健康有害。）
（二）介词词组
straight away：立即；马上。
例句：Please come to my office straight away.（请马上来我的办公室。）
be composed of：由…… 组成（或构成）的。
例句：Our class is composed of 40 students.（我们班由 40 名学生组成。）
（三）词汇练习题
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above.用以上短语的正确形式填空。
She finally ___________ to quit her job and start her own business.
The barber suggested that he ___________ his long hair.
___________ the teacher's question, the students raised their hands to answer.
You can't always ___________ your parents; you need to learn to take care of yourself.
He ___________ because of the heavy workload and tight deadline.
The medical team ___________ five doctors and ten nurses.
If you ___________ too often, you may suffer from stomach problems.
After the failure, he ___________ about his chances of success.
Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above.用上面的短语把下面的句子翻译成英语。
听到这个消息后，他立刻出发去了现场。
这个组织由来自不同国家的志愿者组成。
你应该学会控制自己的时间，不然会很忙碌。
她依赖朋友帮她做决定。
面对困难，我们不能感到悲观，要积极应对。
他下定决心要在一个月内提高英语成绩。
为了保持健康，不要经常不吃饭。
作为对观众热情的回应，演员又唱了一首歌。
二、语法知识点
（一）动词不定式的用法
作主语：动词不定式作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语（动词不定式）后置，避免句子头重脚轻。
例句：To learn a new language is difficult. = It is difficult to learn a new language.（学习一门新语言很难。）
作宾语：跟在一些及物动词后作宾语。
例句：I want to have a healthy lifestyle.（我想要一种健康的生活方式。）
常见的接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：want, hope, decide, plan, attempt, learn 等。
作表语：说明主语的内容或目的。
例句：My goal is to keep fit.（我的目标是保持健康。）
作定语：放在被修饰词之后，作后置定语。
例句：He has many things to do every day.（他每天有很多事情要做。）
作状语：可表示目的、结果、原因等。
例句：He got up early to catch the first bus.
（目的状语，他早起是为了赶上第一班公交车。）
He is too young to go to school.（结果状语，他太小了，不能上学。）
I'm glad to hear the good news.（原因状语，听到这个好消息我很高兴。）
（二）练习题
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the infinitive.用不定式的正确形式完成句子。
It is important ___________ (eat) a balanced diet for good health.
She decided ___________ (take) up a new hobby, like painting.
My dream is ___________ (become) a doctor and help people.
We went to the park ___________ (play) football.
He was too tired ___________ (work) any longer.
Rewrite the following sentences using the infinitive.用不定式改写下列句子。
Reading books makes me happy.（用 it 作形式主语改写）
She likes singing songs in her free time.（用动词不定式作宾语改写）
The meeting's purpose is discussing the new plan.（用动词不定式作表语改写）
The man who is standing there is my teacher.（用动词不定式作定语改写）
Because she was ill, she didn't go to school.（用动词不定式作原因状语改写）
三、重要句式句型分析
（一）These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
结构分析：句子主干是 “These bad habits could lead to more serious ones”，“if left unchecked” 是省略结构，完整形式为 “if they are left unchecked”，作条件状语；“when they become adults” 是时间状语从句。
（二）There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle: ‘We are what we repeatedly do.
结构分析：“There is a famous saying” 是存在句，“based on the philosophy of Aristotle” 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “saying”；“We are what we repeatedly do” 是直接引语，其中 “what we repeatedly do” 是表语从句。
（三）翻译练习题
这些不良行为，如果不及时纠正，可能会影响你的学习和生活。
有一句古老的谚语：“罗马不是一天建成的。”
良好的饮食习惯，如果保持下去，会让你拥有健康的身体。
四、单元书面表达写作指导
（一）重要词汇词组搭配积累
健康生活相关词汇：healthy lifestyle（健康生活方式），balanced diet（均衡饮食），regular exercise（定期锻炼），good habits（好习惯），physical and mental health（身心健康）
不良习惯相关词汇：bad habits（不良习惯），tobacco abuse（吸烟成瘾），alcohol abuse（酗酒），skip meals（不吃饭），overspending（过度消费），staying up late（熬夜）
行为动作相关词汇：form a habit（养成习惯），change a habit（改变习惯），take control of（控制），rely on（依赖），make up one’s mind（下定决心）
结果感受相关词汇：feel energetic（感觉精力充沛），reduce stress（减轻压力），suffer from（遭受），improve health（改善健康）
（二）高分句式积累
It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
例句：It is necessary for us to form good habits for a healthy lifestyle.
（对我们来说，为了健康的生活方式养成好习惯是有必要的。）
As the saying goes,...
例句：As the saying goes, “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.”（正如谚语所说：“早睡早起使人健康、富有和聪明。”）
Not only... but also...
例句：Doing regular exercise not only keeps us physically fit but also makes us mentally relaxed.（定期锻炼不仅能让我们身体健康，还能让我们精神放松。）
The more..., the more...
例句：The more you pay attention to your diet, the healthier you will be.
（你越关注饮食，就会越健康。）
（三）参考范文
How to Develop a Healthy Lifestyle
Nowadays, more and more people are concerned about their health. A healthy lifestyle is of great importance to everyone. Here are some suggestions on how to develop a healthy lifestyle.
Firstly, we should form good eating habits. It is essential to have a balanced diet, which includes enough fruits, vegetables, grains, and proteins. Avoid eating too much junk food or sugary drinks, and don't skip meals. For example, having a nutritious breakfast every morning can provide us with energy for the whole day.
Secondly, regular exercise is necessary. We can choose activities that we enjoy, such as running, swimming, or cycling. Exercise not only helps us keep fit but also reduces stress and improves our mood. We should try to exercise at least three times a week for about 30 minutes each time.
Thirdly, getting enough sleep is crucial. Lack of sleep can make us feel tired and affect our health and work efficiency. We should go to bed early and get up early, and try to get 7 - 8 hours of sleep every night.
Finally, we should also pay attention to our mental health. We can relax by listening to music, reading books, or spending time with friends and family. When we feel stressed, we should learn to take control of our emotions and find appropriate ways to relieve stress.
In conclusion, developing a healthy lifestyle requires our continuous efforts. By following these suggestions, we can enjoy a healthy and happy life.
一、词组搭配练习题答案及解析
（一）Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above
答案：made up her mind
解析：“She finally...to quit her job and start her own business.”，句子表达她最终下定决心辞职创业，“make up one’s mind” 表示 “下定决心”，结合语境，句子时态为一般过去时，所以 “make” 变为 “made”，根据主语 “She”，one’s 变为 “her” 。
答案：shave off
解析：“The barber suggested that he...his long hair.”，理发师建议他剃掉长发，“shave off” 表示 “剃掉；刮去”，“suggest that sb. (should) do sth.” 是虚拟语气结构，should 可省略，所以此处用动词原形 “shave off” 。
答案：In response to
解析：“...the teacher's question, the students raised their hands to answer.”，学生举手回答是对老师问题的回应，“in response to” 表示 “作为对…… 的回应”，句首字母大写 。
答案：rely on
解析：“You can't always...your parents; you need to learn to take care of yourself.”，句子意思是不能总是依赖父母，要学会照顾自己，“rely on” 表示 “依赖；依靠”，“can't” 是情态动词，后接动词原形 。
答案：stressed out
解析：“He...because of the heavy workload and tight deadline.”，由于工作量大、截止日期紧，他应该是感到焦虑不安，“stress out” 表示 “焦虑不安；心力交瘁”，句子时态为一般过去时，所以 “stress” 变为 “stressed” 。
答案：is composed of
解析：“The medical team...five doctors and ten nurses.”，句子说明医疗队的人员构成，“be composed of” 表示 “由…… 组成（或构成）的”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语 “The medical team” 是单数，所以 “be” 动词用 “is” 。
答案：skip meals
解析：“If you...too often, you may suffer from stomach problems.”，不吃饭太频繁会引发胃病，“skip meals” 表示 “不吃饭；跳过用餐时间”，if 引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，所以此处用动词原形 。
答案：felt pessimistic
解析：“After the failure, he...about his chances of success.”，失败后他对成功的机会感到悲观，“feel pessimistic” 表示 “感到悲观”，句子时态为一般过去时，所以 “feel” 变为 “felt” 。
（二）Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above
答案：He set off for the scene straight away after hearing the news.
解析：“听到这个消息后” 翻译为 “after hearing the news”；“立刻” 用 “straight away”；“出发去” 是 “set off for”；“现场” 翻译为 “the scene”，句子时态为一般过去时，“set” 的过去式还是 “set” 。
答案：This organization is composed of volunteers from different countries.
解析：“这个组织” 翻译为 “This organization”；“由…… 组成” 用 “be composed of”，主语是单数，be 动词用 “is”；“来自不同国家的志愿者” 翻译为 “volunteers from different countries” 。
答案：You should learn to take control of your time, or you will be very busy.
解析：“你应该” 翻译为 “You should”；“学会做某事” 是 “learn to do sth.”；“控制” 用 “take control of”；“你的时间” 翻译为 “your time”；“不然” 用 “or”；“会很忙碌” 翻译为 “will be very busy”，用一般将来时 。
答案：She relies on her friends to help her make decisions.
解析：“她” 翻译为 “She”；“依赖” 用 “rely on”，主语是第三人称单数，一般现在时中 “rely” 变为 “relies”；“朋友” 翻译为 “friends”；“帮她做决定” 翻译为 “to help her make decisions”，用动词不定式作目的状语 。
答案：In the face of difficulties, we can't feel pessimistic; we should actively deal with them.
解析：“面对困难” 翻译为 “In the face of difficulties”；“不能感到悲观” 用 “can't feel pessimistic”；“要积极应对” 翻译为 “should actively deal with them”，“them” 指代 “difficulties” 。
答案：He made up his mind to improve his English grades within a month.
解析：“他” 翻译为 “He”；“下定决心” 用 “make up one’s mind”，句子时态为一般过去时，“make” 变为 “made”，根据主语 “He”，one’s 变为 “his”；“提高英语成绩” 翻译为 “improve his English grades”；“在一个月内” 翻译为 “within a month” 。
答案：Don't skip meals often in order to keep healthy.
解析：“不要经常不吃饭” 用 “Don't skip meals often”，否定祈使句以 “Don't” 开头；“为了保持健康” 翻译为 “in order to keep healthy”，用动词不定式作目的状语 。
答案：In response to the audience's enthusiasm, the actor sang another song.
解析：“作为对…… 的回应” 用 “In response to”，句首字母大写；“观众的热情” 翻译为 “the audience's enthusiasm”；“演员” 翻译为 “the actor”；“又唱了一首歌” 翻译为 “sang another song”，句子时态为一般过去时，“sing” 的过去式是 “sang” 。
二、语法知识点练习题答案及解析
（一）Complete the sentences with the correct form of the infinitive
答案：to eat
解析：“It is important...(eat) a balanced diet for good health.”，“It is + adj. + to do sth.” 是固定句型，it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以此处填 “to eat”，表示为了身体健康，吃均衡的饮食很重要 。
答案：to take
解析：“She decided...(take) up a new hobby, like painting.”，“decide” 是常见的接动词不定式作宾语的动词，“decide to do sth.” 表示 “决定做某事”，所以填 “to take”，即她决定开始一项新爱好 。
答案：to become
解析：“My dream is...(become) a doctor and help people.”，动词不定式作表语说明主语 “dream” 的内容，“to become a doctor and help people”（成为一名医生并帮助人们）是梦想的具体内容，所以填 “to become” 。
答案：to play
解析：“We went to the park...(play) football.”，“去公园” 的目的是 “踢足球”，动词不定式作目的状语，所以填 “to play” 。
答案：to work
解析：“He was too tired...(work) any longer.”，“too...to...” 结构表示 “太…… 而不能……”，是动词不定式作结果状语的一种固定用法，所以填 “to work”，表示他太累了不能再工作 。
（二）Rewrite the following sentences using the infinitive
答案：It makes me happy to read books.
解析：原句 “Reading books makes me happy.” 中，用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语 “to read books” 后置，构成 “It + 谓语 + 宾语 + 真正主语” 结构，即 “ It makes me happy to read books” 。
答案：She likes to sing songs in her free time.
解析：原句 “She likes singing songs in her free time.” 中，“like” 后可接动名词或动词不定式作宾语，将 “singing” 改为 “to sing”，得到 “ She likes to sing songs in her free time” 。
答案：The meeting's purpose is to discuss the new plan.
解析：原句 “The meeting's purpose is discussing the new plan.” 中，将动名词 “discussing” 改为动词不定式 “to discuss” 作表语，说明会议的目的，即 “The meeting's purpose is to discuss the new plan” 。
答案：The man to stand there is my teacher.
解析：原句 “The man who is standing there is my teacher.” 中，将定语从句 “who is standing there” 改为动词不定式短语 “to stand there” 作后置定语修饰 “the man”，得到 “The man to stand there is my teacher” 。
答案：She didn't go to school to be ill.
解析：原句 “Because she was ill, she didn't go to school.” 中，用动词不定式作原因状语，将 “Because she was ill” 改为 “to be ill”，并调整语序，即 “She didn't go to school to be ill” 。
三、重要句式句型分析翻译练习题答案及解析
答案：These bad behaviors, if not corrected in time, may affect your study and life.
解析：参照 “These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.” 的结构，“这些不良行为” 翻译为 “These bad behaviors”；“如果不及时纠正” 用 “if not corrected in time”，是省略结构，完整形式为 “if they are not corrected in time”；“可能会影响” 翻译为 “may affect”；“你的学习和生活” 翻译为 “your study and life” 。
答案：There is an old saying: “Rome was not built in a day.”
解析：依据 “There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle: ‘We are what we repeatedly do.’” 的结构，“有一句古老的谚语” 翻译为 “There is an old saying”；直接引用谚语 “Rome was not built in a day” 。
答案：Good eating habits, if maintained, will give you a healthy body.
解析：仿照 “These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.” 的结构，“良好的饮食习惯” 翻译为 “Good eating habits”；“如果保持下去” 用 “if maintained”，是省略结构，完整形式为 “if they are maintained”；“会让你拥有健康的身体” 翻译为 “will give you a healthy body” 。
Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle单元知识总结清单
一、词组搭配
（一）动词词组
make up one’s mind：下定决心。
例句：She made up her mind to lose weight and started exercising regularly.
（她下定决心减肥，开始定期锻炼。）
shave off：剃掉；刮去。
例句：He shaved off his beard before the important interview.
（在重要面试前，他剃掉了胡子。）
feel pessimistic：感到悲观。
例句：After failing the exam again, he began to feel pessimistic about his future.（再次考试失败后，他开始对自己的未来感到悲观。）
in response to：回答；答复；作为对…… 的回应。
例句：The company took immediate action in response to the customers' complaints.（公司立即采取行动回应客户的投诉。）
take control of：控制；掌管。
例句：We should learn to take control of our emotions.
（我们应该学会控制自己的情绪。）
stress out：焦虑不安；心力交瘁。
例句：Working long hours every day stressed him out.
（每天长时间工作使他心力交瘁。）
rely on：依赖；依靠；信赖。
例句：Don't rely on others too much; you should be independent.
（不要过度依赖他人，你应该独立。）
skip meals：不吃饭；跳过用餐时间。
例句：Skipping meals is bad for your health.（不吃饭对你的健康有害。）
（二）介词词组
straight away：立即；马上。
例句：Please come to my office straight away.（请马上来我的办公室。）
be composed of：由…… 组成（或构成）的。
例句：Our class is composed of 40 students.（我们班由 40 名学生组成。）
（三）词汇练习题
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above.用以上短语的正确形式填空。
She finally ___________ to quit her job and start her own business.
The barber suggested that he ___________ his long hair.
___________ the teacher's question, the students raised their hands to answer.
You can't always ___________ your parents; you need to learn to take care of yourself.
He ___________ because of the heavy workload and tight deadline.
The medical team ___________ five doctors and ten nurses.
If you ___________ too often, you may suffer from stomach problems.
After the failure, he ___________ about his chances of success.
Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above.用上面的短语把下面的句子翻译成英语。
听到这个消息后，他立刻出发去了现场。
这个组织由来自不同国家的志愿者组成。
你应该学会控制自己的时间，不然会很忙碌。
她依赖朋友帮她做决定。
面对困难，我们不能感到悲观，要积极应对。
他下定决心要在一个月内提高英语成绩。
为了保持健康，不要经常不吃饭。
作为对观众热情的回应，演员又唱了一首歌。
二、语法知识点
（一）动词不定式的用法
作主语：动词不定式作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语（动词不定式）后置，避免句子头重脚轻。
例句：To learn a new language is difficult. = It is difficult to learn a new language.（学习一门新语言很难。）
作宾语：跟在一些及物动词后作宾语。
例句：I want to have a healthy lifestyle.（我想要一种健康的生活方式。）
常见的接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：want, hope, decide, plan, attempt, learn 等。
作表语：说明主语的内容或目的。
例句：My goal is to keep fit.（我的目标是保持健康。）
作定语：放在被修饰词之后，作后置定语。
例句：He has many things to do every day.（他每天有很多事情要做。）
作状语：可表示目的、结果、原因等。
例句：He got up early to catch the first bus.
（目的状语，他早起是为了赶上第一班公交车。）
He is too young to go to school.（结果状语，他太小了，不能上学。）
I'm glad to hear the good news.（原因状语，听到这个好消息我很高兴。）
（二）练习题
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the infinitive.用不定式的正确形式完成句子。
It is important ___________ (eat) a balanced diet for good health.
She decided ___________ (take) up a new hobby, like painting.
My dream is ___________ (become) a doctor and help people.
We went to the park ___________ (play) football.
He was too tired ___________ (work) any longer.
Rewrite the following sentences using the infinitive.用不定式改写下列句子。
Reading books makes me happy.（用 it 作形式主语改写）
She likes singing songs in her free time.（用动词不定式作宾语改写）
The meeting's purpose is discussing the new plan.（用动词不定式作表语改写）
The man who is standing there is my teacher.（用动词不定式作定语改写）
Because she was ill, she didn't go to school.（用动词不定式作原因状语改写）
三、重要句式句型分析
（一）These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
结构分析：句子主干是 “These bad habits could lead to more serious ones”，“if left unchecked” 是省略结构，完整形式为 “if they are left unchecked”，作条件状语；“when they become adults” 是时间状语从句。
（二）There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle: ‘We are what we repeatedly do.
结构分析：“There is a famous saying” 是存在句，“based on the philosophy of Aristotle” 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “saying”；“We are what we repeatedly do” 是直接引语，其中 “what we repeatedly do” 是表语从句。
（三）翻译练习题
这些不良行为，如果不及时纠正，可能会影响你的学习和生活。
有一句古老的谚语：“罗马不是一天建成的。”
良好的饮食习惯，如果保持下去，会让你拥有健康的身体。
四、单元书面表达写作指导
（一）重要词汇词组搭配积累
健康生活相关词汇：healthy lifestyle（健康生活方式），balanced diet（均衡饮食），regular exercise（定期锻炼），good habits（好习惯），physical and mental health（身心健康）
不良习惯相关词汇：bad habits（不良习惯），tobacco abuse（吸烟成瘾），alcohol abuse（酗酒），skip meals（不吃饭），overspending（过度消费），staying up late（熬夜）
行为动作相关词汇：form a habit（养成习惯），change a habit（改变习惯），take control of（控制），rely on（依赖），make up one’s mind（下定决心）
结果感受相关词汇：feel energetic（感觉精力充沛），reduce stress（减轻压力），suffer from（遭受），improve health（改善健康）
（二）高分句式积累
It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
例句：It is necessary for us to form good habits for a healthy lifestyle.
（对我们来说，为了健康的生活方式养成好习惯是有必要的。）
As the saying goes,...
例句：As the saying goes, “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.”（正如谚语所说：“早睡早起使人健康、富有和聪明。”）
Not only... but also...
例句：Doing regular exercise not only keeps us physically fit but also makes us mentally relaxed.（定期锻炼不仅能让我们身体健康，还能让我们精神放松。）
The more..., the more...
例句：The more you pay attention to your diet, the healthier you will be.
（你越关注饮食，就会越健康。）
（三）参考范文
How to Develop a Healthy Lifestyle
Nowadays, more and more people are concerned about their health. A healthy lifestyle is of great importance to everyone. Here are some suggestions on how to develop a healthy lifestyle.
Firstly, we should form good eating habits. It is essential to have a balanced diet, which includes enough fruits, vegetables, grains, and proteins. Avoid eating too much junk food or sugary drinks, and don't skip meals. For example, having a nutritious breakfast every morning can provide us with energy for the whole day.
Secondly, regular exercise is necessary. We can choose activities that we enjoy, such as running, swimming, or cycling. Exercise not only helps us keep fit but also reduces stress and improves our mood. We should try to exercise at least three times a week for about 30 minutes each time.
Thirdly, getting enough sleep is crucial. Lack of sleep can make us feel tired and affect our health and work efficiency. We should go to bed early and get up early, and try to get 7 - 8 hours of sleep every night.
Finally, we should also pay attention to our mental health. We can relax by listening to music, reading books, or spending time with friends and family. When we feel stressed, we should learn to take control of our emotions and find appropriate ways to relieve stress.
In conclusion, developing a healthy lifestyle requires our continuous efforts. By following these suggestions, we can enjoy a healthy and happy life.
一、词组搭配练习题答案及解析
（一）Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above
答案：made up her mind
解析：“She finally...to quit her job and start her own business.”，句子表达她最终下定决心辞职创业，“make up one’s mind” 表示 “下定决心”，结合语境，句子时态为一般过去时，所以 “make” 变为 “made”，根据主语 “She”，one’s 变为 “her” 。
答案：shave off
解析：“The barber suggested that he...his long hair.”，理发师建议他剃掉长发，“shave off” 表示 “剃掉；刮去”，“suggest that sb. (should) do sth.” 是虚拟语气结构，should 可省略，所以此处用动词原形 “shave off” 。
答案：In response to
解析：“...the teacher's question, the students raised their hands to answer.”，学生举手回答是对老师问题的回应，“in response to” 表示 “作为对…… 的回应”，句首字母大写 。
答案：rely on
解析：“You can't always...your parents; you need to learn to take care of yourself.”，句子意思是不能总是依赖父母，要学会照顾自己，“rely on” 表示 “依赖；依靠”，“can't” 是情态动词，后接动词原形 。
答案：stressed out
解析：“He...because of the heavy workload and tight deadline.”，由于工作量大、截止日期紧，他应该是感到焦虑不安，“stress out” 表示 “焦虑不安；心力交瘁”，句子时态为一般过去时，所以 “stress” 变为 “stressed” 。
答案：is composed of
解析：“The medical team...five doctors and ten nurses.”，句子说明医疗队的人员构成，“be composed of” 表示 “由…… 组成（或构成）的”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语 “The medical team” 是单数，所以 “be” 动词用 “is” 。
答案：skip meals
解析：“If you...too often, you may suffer from stomach problems.”，不吃饭太频繁会引发胃病，“skip meals” 表示 “不吃饭；跳过用餐时间”，if 引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，所以此处用动词原形 。
答案：felt pessimistic
解析：“After the failure, he...about his chances of success.”，失败后他对成功的机会感到悲观，“feel pessimistic” 表示 “感到悲观”，句子时态为一般过去时，所以 “feel” 变为 “felt” 。
（二）Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above
答案：He set off for the scene straight away after hearing the news.
解析：“听到这个消息后” 翻译为 “after hearing the news”；“立刻” 用 “straight away”；“出发去” 是 “set off for”；“现场” 翻译为 “the scene”，句子时态为一般过去时，“set” 的过去式还是 “set” 。
答案：This organization is composed of volunteers from different countries.
解析：“这个组织” 翻译为 “This organization”；“由…… 组成” 用 “be composed of”，主语是单数，be 动词用 “is”；“来自不同国家的志愿者” 翻译为 “volunteers from different countries” 。
答案：You should learn to take control of your time, or you will be very busy.
解析：“你应该” 翻译为 “You should”；“学会做某事” 是 “learn to do sth.”；“控制” 用 “take control of”；“你的时间” 翻译为 “your time”；“不然” 用 “or”；“会很忙碌” 翻译为 “will be very busy”，用一般将来时 。
答案：She relies on her friends to help her make decisions.
解析：“她” 翻译为 “She”；“依赖” 用 “rely on”，主语是第三人称单数，一般现在时中 “rely” 变为 “relies”；“朋友” 翻译为 “friends”；“帮她做决定” 翻译为 “to help her make decisions”，用动词不定式作目的状语 。
答案：In the face of difficulties, we can't feel pessimistic; we should actively deal with them.
解析：“面对困难” 翻译为 “In the face of difficulties”；“不能感到悲观” 用 “can't feel pessimistic”；“要积极应对” 翻译为 “should actively deal with them”，“them” 指代 “difficulties” 。
答案：He made up his mind to improve his English grades within a month.
解析：“他” 翻译为 “He”；“下定决心” 用 “make up one’s mind”，句子时态为一般过去时，“make” 变为 “made”，根据主语 “He”，one’s 变为 “his”；“提高英语成绩” 翻译为 “improve his English grades”；“在一个月内” 翻译为 “within a month” 。
答案：Don't skip meals often in order to keep healthy.
解析：“不要经常不吃饭” 用 “Don't skip meals often”，否定祈使句以 “Don't” 开头；“为了保持健康” 翻译为 “in order to keep healthy”，用动词不定式作目的状语 。
答案：In response to the audience's enthusiasm, the actor sang another song.
解析：“作为对…… 的回应” 用 “In response to”，句首字母大写；“观众的热情” 翻译为 “the audience's enthusiasm”；“演员” 翻译为 “the actor”；“又唱了一首歌” 翻译为 “sang another song”，句子时态为一般过去时，“sing” 的过去式是 “sang” 。
二、语法知识点练习题答案及解析
（一）Complete the sentences with the correct form of the infinitive
答案：to eat
解析：“It is important...(eat) a balanced diet for good health.”，“It is + adj. + to do sth.” 是固定句型，it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以此处填 “to eat”，表示为了身体健康，吃均衡的饮食很重要 。
答案：to take
解析：“She decided...(take) up a new hobby, like painting.”，“decide” 是常见的接动词不定式作宾语的动词，“decide to do sth.” 表示 “决定做某事”，所以填 “to take”，即她决定开始一项新爱好 。
答案：to become
解析：“My dream is...(become) a doctor and help people.”，动词不定式作表语说明主语 “dream” 的内容，“to become a doctor and help people”（成为一名医生并帮助人们）是梦想的具体内容，所以填 “to become” 。
答案：to play
解析：“We went to the park...(play) football.”，“去公园” 的目的是 “踢足球”，动词不定式作目的状语，所以填 “to play” 。
答案：to work
解析：“He was too tired...(work) any longer.”，“too...to...” 结构表示 “太…… 而不能……”，是动词不定式作结果状语的一种固定用法，所以填 “to work”，表示他太累了不能再工作 。
（二）Rewrite the following sentences using the infinitive
答案：It makes me happy to read books.
解析：原句 “Reading books makes me happy.” 中，用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语 “to read books” 后置，构成 “It + 谓语 + 宾语 + 真正主语” 结构，即 “ It makes me happy to read books” 。
答案：She likes to sing songs in her free time.
解析：原句 “She likes singing songs in her free time.” 中，“like” 后可接动名词或动词不定式作宾语，将 “singing” 改为 “to sing”，得到 “ She likes to sing songs in her free time” 。
答案：The meeting's purpose is to discuss the new plan.
解析：原句 “The meeting's purpose is discussing the new plan.” 中，将动名词 “discussing” 改为动词不定式 “to discuss” 作表语，说明会议的目的，即 “The meeting's purpose is to discuss the new plan” 。
答案：The man to stand there is my teacher.
解析：原句 “The man who is standing there is my teacher.” 中，将定语从句 “who is standing there” 改为动词不定式短语 “to stand there” 作后置定语修饰 “the man”，得到 “The man to stand there is my teacher” 。
答案：She didn't go to school to be ill.
解析：原句 “Because she was ill, she didn't go to school.” 中，用动词不定式作原因状语，将 “Because she was ill” 改为 “to be ill”，并调整语序，即 “She didn't go to school to be ill” 。
三、重要句式句型分析翻译练习题答案及解析
答案：These bad behaviors, if not corrected in time, may affect your study and life.
解析：参照 “These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.” 的结构，“这些不良行为” 翻译为 “These bad behaviors”；“如果不及时纠正” 用 “if not corrected in time”，是省略结构，完整形式为 “if they are not corrected in time”；“可能会影响” 翻译为 “may affect”；“你的学习和生活” 翻译为 “your study and life” 。
答案：There is an old saying: “Rome was not built in a day.”
解析：依据 “There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle: ‘We are what we repeatedly do.’” 的结构，“有一句古老的谚语” 翻译为 “There is an old saying”；直接引用谚语 “Rome was not built in a day” 。
答案：Good eating habits, if maintained, will give you a healthy body.
解析：仿照 “These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.” 的结构，“良好的饮食习惯” 翻译为 “Good eating habits”；“如果保持下去” 用 “if maintained”，是省略结构，完整形式为 “if they are maintained”；“会让你拥有健康的身体” 翻译为 “will give you a healthy body” 。