人教版2019高中选修4 Unit 2 Iconic Attractions单元知识总结清单（含练习题和书面表达句式及范文）

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Unit 2 Iconic Attractions 单元知识总结清单
一、词组搭配
（一）重点词组
a flock of：一群（羊或鸟）。
例句：A flock of birds flew across the sky.（一群鸟儿飞过天空。）
be located：位于。
例句：The small village is located at the foot of the mountain.
（这个小村庄位于山脚下。）
be known as：被称为；作为…… 而出名。
例句：Yao Ming is known as a great basketball player.
（姚明作为一名伟大的篮球运动员而闻名。）
be native to：原产于；源于。
例句：This kind of plant is native to South America.（这种植物原产于南美洲。）
be in close contact with：与…… 保持密切联系。
例句：Scientists are in close contact with each other to solve the problem.
（科学家们相互密切联系以解决这个问题。）
take place：发生；举行。
例句：The sports meeting will take place next week.（运动会将于下周举行。）
be entitled to：有权；有资格。
例句：Every citizen is entitled to equal rights.
（每个公民都有权享有平等的权利。）
in the interest of：为了…… 的利益。
例句：We should protect the environment in the interest of future generations.
（为了子孙后代的利益，我们应该保护环境。）
date back to：追溯到；始于。
例句：This ancient building dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
（这座古老的建筑可追溯到明朝。）
in summary：总之；概括起来。
例句：In summary, we should make good use of our time.
（总之，我们应该充分利用时间。）
（二）词汇练习题
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above.用以上短语的正确形式填空。
The festival ___________ every year in this small town.
The kangaroo ___________ Australia.
___________ sheep are eating grass on the hillside.
The city ___________ the east coast of the country.
She ___________ a pay rise after a year of hard work.
We should do this ___________ the company.
This tradition ___________ hundreds of years ago.
___________, the project was a great success.
We should ___________ nature to live a sustainable life.
He ___________ one of the greatest writers in the world.
Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above.用以上短语的正确形式填空。
一群鸟儿在天空中欢快地飞翔。
这座城市位于两条河流的交汇处。
熊猫原产于中国。
会议将在明天举行。
每个学生都有权接受良好的教育。
为了我们的健康，我们应该保持健康的生活方式。
这个小镇的历史可以追溯到中世纪。
总之，我们从这次经历中学到了很多。
科学家们与当地居民保持密切联系以进行研究。
他作为一位著名的画家而闻名。
二、语法知识点
（一）过去分词
用法：
作定语：单个过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。
例句：The broken window（单个过去分词作定语） needs to be repaired.
（那个破窗户需要修理。）；
The book written by Lu Xun（过去分词短语作定语） is very interesting.
（鲁迅写的这本书很有趣。）
作表语：说明主语的状态或特征。
例句：I am interested in the film.（我对这部电影感兴趣。）
作宾语补足语：常与使役动词（如 have, make, get 等）和感官动词（如 see, hear, watch 等）连用，表示被动或完成的意义。
例句：I had my hair cut yesterday.（我昨天剪了头发。）；
I saw the door closed.（我看见门关上了。）
作状语：可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随等，相当于相应的状语从句。例句：Seen from the top of the hill（时间状语）, the city looks more beautiful.（从山顶上看，这座城市看起来更美。）；
Tired and hungry（原因状语）, he stopped to have a rest.
（又累又饿，他停下来休息。）
注意事项：过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致；过去分词表示被动或完成的动作。
（二）练习题
Identify the function of the past participles in the following sentences.找出下列句子中过去分词的作用。
The excited children rushed into the classroom.（ ）
The novel written by Mo Yan has been translated into many languages.（ ）
She felt disappointed at the news.（ ）
I heard the song sung in English.（ ）
Given more time, we could have done it better.（ ）
Rewrite the following sentences using past participles as adverbials.用过去分词作状语改写下列句子。
Because he was caught in the rain, he was all wet.
If it is heated, water will turn into steam.
When she was asked about the secret, she refused to answer.
Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.纠正下列句子中的错误。
The book writing by him is very popular.
Looked out of the window, I saw a beautiful garden.
Having been shown around the factory, we were very impressed.
三、重要句式句型分析
（一）Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as ‘down under’.
结构分析：“Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe” 为过去分词短语作状语，表示位置，说明主语 “it”（澳大利亚）的地理位置；“is often informally referred to as” 是句子的谓语部分，“‘down under’” 是宾语 。
（二）A lot of typical Australian food, such as the Sunday roast, is originally British.
结构分析：“A lot of typical Australian food” 是句子的主语；“is” 为系动词；“originally British” 作表语；“such as the Sunday roast” 为插入语，举例说明典型的澳大利亚食物。
（三）翻译练习题
位于城市中心的博物馆每天都吸引大量游客。
许多传统的中国节日，比如春节，都有着悠久的历史。
被美丽的风景所吸引，游客们驻足拍照。
四、单元书面表达写作指导
（一）重要词汇词组搭配积累
景点相关词汇：iconic attractions（标志性景点），scenic views（风景），historical sites（历史遗迹），national symbol（国家象征），world - famous（世界著名的）
文化相关词汇：multiculturalism（多元文化主义），indigenous culture（土著文化），cultural heritage（文化遗产），traditional customs（传统习俗），spiritual world（精神世界）
动物相关词汇：unique animals（独特的动物），endangered species（濒危物种），distribution（分布），habitat（栖息地），interact with（与…… 互动）
饮食相关词汇：cuisine（烹饪；菜肴），barbecue（户外烧烤），local specialties（地方特色菜），ingredients（食材），flavors（风味）
（二）高分句式积累
It is + adj. + that...
例句：It is amazing that this ancient building has survived for so many years.
（这座古老的建筑历经这么多年依然保存下来，真是令人惊叹。）
Not only...but also...
例句：This city is not only famous for its beautiful scenery but also for its rich history.（这座城市不仅以其美丽的风景闻名，还以其丰富的历史著称。）
With + 名词 + 现在分词 / 过去分词 / 介词短语 。
例句：With the development of tourism, more and more people come to visit this iconic attraction.（随着旅游业的发展，越来越多的人来参观这个标志性景点。）
What makes...special is...
例句：What makes this animal special is its unique way of finding food.
（这种动物的特别之处在于它独特的觅食方式。）
（三）参考范文
The Giant Panda - An Iconic Animal of China
The giant panda is one of the most iconic animals of China, loved by people all over the world. With its distinctive black - and - white fur, the giant panda looks extremely cute and lovely.
Giant pandas are native to China and mainly live in the mountainous areas of Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces. They have a special diet, mainly feeding on bamboo. Although they are classified as carnivores, bamboo makes up about 99% of their diet. Due to the limited distribution of bamboo and the low birth rate of pandas, they are endangered species.
In Chinese culture, the giant panda represents peace and friendship. China often sends giant pandas to other countries as envoys of friendship, which helps to promote cultural exchanges and friendship between countries. For example, many countries build special panda bases to take good care of the pandas sent by China.
In recent years, with the great efforts of the Chinese government and people, the living environment of giant pandas has been improved, and their population has gradually increased. What makes the giant panda so special is not only its lovely appearance but also its important role in promoting cultural exchanges and biodiversity protection. It is indeed a precious treasure of China and the world.
一、词组搭配练习题答案及解析
（一）Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above
答案：takes place
解析：“The festival...every year in this small town.”，句子表达节日在小镇每年举行，“take place” 表示 “发生；举行”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语 “The festival” 是单数，所以 “take” 用第三人称单数形式 “takes”，故填 “takes place”。
答案：is native to
解析：“The kangaroo...Australia.”，袋鼠原产于澳大利亚，“be native to” 表示 “原产于；源于” ，句子时态为一般现在时，主语 “The kangaroo” 是单数，be 动词用 “is”，所以填 “is native to”。
答案：A flock of
解析：“...sheep are eating grass on the hillside.”，需要一个表示 “一群” 的词组修饰 “sheep”，“a flock of” 表示 “一群（羊或鸟）”，符合语境，句首字母大写，所以填 “A flock of”。
答案：is located
解析：“The city...the east coast of the country.”，城市位于国家东海岸，“be located” 表示 “位于” ，句子时态为一般现在时，主语 “The city” 是单数，be 动词用 “is”，所以填 “is located”。
答案：is entitled to
解析：“She...a pay rise after a year of hard work.”，她努力工作一年后有权获得加薪，“be entitled to” 表示 “有权；有资格” ，句子时态为一般现在时，主语 “She” 是单数，be 动词用 “is”，所以填 “is entitled to”。
答案：in the interest of
解析：“We should do this...the company.”，我们做这件事应该是为了公司的利益，“in the interest of” 表示 “为了…… 的利益”，所以填 “in the interest of”。
答案：dates back to
解析：“This tradition...hundreds of years ago.”，这个传统可追溯到几百年前，“date back to” 表示 “追溯到；始于” ，句子时态为一般现在时，主语 “This tradition” 是单数，所以 “date” 用第三人称单数形式 “dates”，填 “dates back to”。
答案：In summary
解析：“..., the project was a great success.”，此处需要一个总结性的词组，“in summary” 表示 “总之；概括起来”，用于总结前文，句首字母大写，所以填 “In summary”。
答案：be in close contact with
解析：“We should...nature to live a sustainable life.”，为了可持续生活，我们应该与自然保持密切联系，“be in close contact with” 表示 “与…… 保持密切联系”，“should” 是情态动词，后接动词原形，所以填 “be in close contact with”。
答案：is known as
解析：“He...one of the greatest writers in the world.”，他作为世界上最伟大的作家之一而闻名，“be known as” 表示 “被称为；作为…… 而出名” ，句子时态为一般现在时，主语 “He” 是单数，be 动词用 “is”，所以填 “is known as”。
（二）Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above
答案：A flock of birds are flying merrily in the sky.
解析：“一群鸟儿” 翻译为 “A flock of birds”；“在天空中欢快地飞翔” 用现在进行时 “are flying merrily in the sky”，“fly” 的现在分词是 “flying”，“merrily” 表示 “欢快地” 作状语修饰 “flying” 。
答案：This city is located at the junction of two rivers.
解析：“这座城市” 翻译为 “This city”；“位于” 用 “is located”；“两条河流的交汇处” 翻译为 “at the junction of two rivers”，“at the junction of” 表示 “在…… 的交汇处” 。
答案：Pandas are native to China.
解析：“熊猫” 翻译为 “Pandas”；“原产于” 用 “are native to”；“中国” 翻译为 “China” 。
答案：The meeting will take place tomorrow.
解析：“会议” 翻译为 “The meeting”；“将在明天举行” 用一般将来时 “will take place tomorrow”，“take place” 表示 “举行” 。
答案：Every student is entitled to a good education.
解析：“每个学生” 翻译为 “Every student”；“有权接受” 用 “is entitled to”；“良好的教育” 翻译为 “a good education” 。
答案：In the interest of our health, we should maintain a healthy lifestyle.
解析：“为了我们的健康” 翻译为 “In the interest of our health”；“我们应该” 翻译为 “we should”；“保持健康的生活方式” 翻译为 “maintain a healthy lifestyle” 。
答案：The history of this small town dates back to the Middle Ages.
解析：“这个小镇的历史” 翻译为 “The history of this small town”；“可以追溯到” 用 “dates back to”；“中世纪” 翻译为 “the Middle Ages” 。
答案：In summary, we have learned a lot from this experience.
解析：“总之” 翻译为 “In summary”；“我们从这次经历中学到了很多” 翻译为 “we have learned a lot from this experience”，用现在完成时表示从过去到现在的学习成果 。
答案：Scientists are in close contact with local residents to conduct research.
解析：“科学家们” 翻译为 “Scientists”；“与…… 保持密切联系” 用 “are in close contact with”；“当地居民” 翻译为 “local residents”；“以进行研究” 翻译为 “to conduct research”，“to do sth.” 作目的状语 。
答案：He is known as a famous painter.
解析：“他” 翻译为 “He”；“作为…… 而闻名” 用 “is known as”；“一位著名的画家” 翻译为 “a famous painter” 。
二、语法知识点练习题答案及解析
（一）Identify the function of the past participles in the following sentences
答案：作定语
解析：“The excited children rushed into the classroom.” 中，“excited” 修饰 “children”，说明孩子们的状态，单个过去分词作定语放在被修饰词之前，所以 “excited” 作定语。
答案：作定语
解析：“The novel written by Mo Yan has been translated into many languages.” 中，“written by Mo Yan” 是过去分词短语，修饰 “the novel”，放在被修饰词之后，相当于定语从句 “which was written by Mo Yan”，所以 “written by Mo Yan” 作定语。
答案：作表语
解析：“She felt disappointed at the news.” 中，“disappointed” 跟在系动词 “felt” 后，说明主语 “She” 的状态，所以 “disappointed” 作表语。
答案：作宾语补足语
解析：“I heard the song sung in English.” 中，“sung in English” 补充说明宾语 “the song” 的状态，与 “the song” 是被动关系，“heard” 是感官动词，所以 “sung in English” 作宾语补足语。
答案：作状语
解析：“Given more time, we could have done it better.” 中，“Given more time” 表示条件，相当于条件状语从句 “If we were given more time”，其逻辑主语与句子主语 “we” 一致，所以 “Given more time” 作状语。
（二）Rewrite the following sentences using past participles as adverbials
答案：Caught in the rain, he was all wet.
解析：原句 “Because he was caught in the rain, he was all wet.”，“he” 和 “catch” 是被动关系，将原因状语从句 “Because he was caught in the rain” 改写为过去分词短语 “Caught in the rain” 作原因状语，逻辑主语与句子主语 “he” 一致 。
答案：Heated, water will turn into steam.
解析：原句 “If it is heated, water will turn into steam.”，“it”（指代 “water”）和 “heat” 是被动关系，把条件状语从句 “If it is heated” 改写为过去分词短语 “Heated” 作条件状语，逻辑主语是 “water” 。
答案：Asked about the secret, she refused to answer.
解析：原句 “When she was asked about the secret, she refused to answer.”，“she” 和 “ask” 是被动关系，将时间状语从句 “When she was asked about the secret” 改写为过去分词短语 “Asked about the secret” 作时间状语，逻辑主语与句子主语 “she” 一致 。
（三）Correct the mistakes in the following sentences
答案：The book written by him is very popular.
解析：原句 “The book writing by him is very popular.” 错误，“book” 和 “write” 是被动关系，应该用过去分词 “written” 作后置定语修饰 “book”，而 “writing” 是现在分词，不能表示被动，所以把 “writing” 改为 “written”。
答案：Looking out of the window, I saw a beautiful garden.
解析：原句 “Looked out of the window, I saw a beautiful garden.” 错误，“I” 和 “look” 是主动关系，应该用现在分词 “Looking” 作时间状语，而 “Looked” 是过去分词，不能表示主动，所以把 “Looked” 改为 “Looking”。
答案：句子正确，无需修改。
解析：“Having been shown around the factory, we were very impressed.” 中，“we” 和 “show” 是被动关系，“Having been shown around the factory” 是现在分词完成式的被动形式作时间状语，表示 “被带领参观工厂” 这个动作发生在 “were very impressed” 之前，句子结构和语法正确。
三、重要句式句型分析翻译练习题答案及解析
答案：The museum located in the city center attracts a large number of tourists every day.
解析：参照 “Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as ‘down under’.” 的结构，“位于城市中心的” 用过去分词短语 “located in the city center” 作后置定语修饰 “the museum”；“吸引大量游客” 翻译为 “attracts a large number of tourists”；“每天” 翻译为 “every day” 。
答案：Many traditional Chinese festivals, such as the Spring Festival, have a long history.
解析：参考 “A lot of typical Australian food, such as the Sunday roast, is originally British.” 的结构，“许多传统的中国节日” 翻译为 “Many traditional Chinese festivals” 作主语；“比如春节” 用 “such as the Spring Festival” 作插入语举例；“都有着悠久的历史” 翻译为 “have a long history” 。
答案：Attracted by the beautiful scenery, the tourists stopped to take photos.
解析：运用过去分词短语作状语的结构，“被美丽的风景所吸引” 翻译为 “Attracted by the beautiful scenery”，逻辑主语是 “the tourists”；“游客们驻足拍照” 翻译为 “the tourists stopped to take photos” 。