人教版2019高中选修4 Unit 3 Sea Exploration 单元知识总结清单（含练习题和书面表达句式及范文）
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Unit 3 Sea Exploration 单元知识总结清单
一、词组搭配
（一）重点词组
set sail：起航；开航。
例句：The ship will set sail for Europe tomorrow.
（这艘船明天将起航前往欧洲。）
in a league of one’s own：独领风骚。
例句：In the field of modern art, this artist is in a league of her own.
（在现代艺术领域，这位艺术家独领风骚。）
withdraw from：退出；撤回。
例句：He decided to withdraw from the competition due to injury.
（他因受伤决定退出比赛。）
in hand：在手头；可供使用。
例句：We have enough funds in hand to complete the project.
（我们手头有足够的资金来完成这个项目。）
press conference：记者招待会；新闻发布会。
例句：The president will hold a press conference next week.
（总统将于下周举行新闻发布会。）
be at the mercy of：任由…… 摆布；受…… 支配。
例句：Small boats are often at the mercy of the rough sea.
（小船常常任由汹涌的大海摆布。）
a mixture of：…… 的混合；结合体；混合物。
例句：This dish is a mixture of vegetables and meat.
（这道菜是蔬菜和肉的混合。）
reach out across the sea：跨洋交流；跨海探索。
例句：Countries should reach out across the sea to promote trade cooperation.（各国应跨洋交流以促进贸易合作。）
in return：作为回报；作为交换。
例句：She helped me with my study, and I gave her a book in return.
（她帮我学习，作为回报我送了她一本书。）
a sight to behold：壮观的景象；引人注目的景象。
例句：The waterfall is a sight to behold.（瀑布是一道壮观的景象。）
（二）词汇练习题
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above.
用以上短语的正确形式填空。
The explorers ___________ on a journey to discover new lands.
Our team is ___________ in terms of innovation and creativity.
The company had to _________ the market because of fierce competition.
Make sure you have all the necessary documents ________ before the meeting.
The prime minister will hold a ___________ to announce the new policy.
Fishermen are always ___________ the weather.
His painting is ___________ different styles and techniques.
Nations should ___________ to strengthen cultural exchanges.
She gave me a hand when I was in trouble, and I thanked her _________.
The sunrise over the ocean is ___________.
Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above.
用上面的短语把下面的句子翻译成英语。
这艘古老的帆船明天将起航前往神秘的岛屿。
在音乐创作方面，这位天才音乐家独领风骚。
由于资金短缺，他们不得不撤回投资。
我们手头有足够的证据证明他的清白。
明星将在酒店举行记者招待会。
那些贫困地区的人们受恶劣天气的支配。
这部电影是喜剧与悲剧的混合体。
各国应加强跨洋交流，共同应对海洋问题。
他帮我搬运行李，我请他吃饭作为回报。
夜晚的城市灯光是一道引人注目的景象。
二、语法知识点
（一）动词不定式
用法：
作主语：动词不定式作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语（动词不定式）后置，结构为 “It + be + 形容词 / 名词 + to do sth.”。
例句：It is important to protect the ocean environment.
（保护海洋环境很重要。）
作表语：位于系动词之后，说明主语的内容。
例句：My dream is to become a marine biologist.
（我的梦想是成为一名海洋生物学家。）
作宾语：跟在及物动词之后。
例句：I want to explore the deep sea.（我想去探索深海。）
作宾语补足语：常见于 “动词 + 宾语 + 不定式” 结构中，补充说明宾语的动作或状态。
例句：The teacher encourages us to think independently.
（老师鼓励我们独立思考。）
作定语：放在被修饰词之后，与被修饰词存在逻辑上的动宾关系或主谓关系。例句：She has a lot of work to do.（她有很多工作要做。）
作状语：可表示目的、结果、原因等。
例句：He came here to study marine life.（他来这里是为了研究海洋生物。）（目的状语）；
He is too young to join the navy.（他年龄太小，不能加入海军。）（结果状语）；
I’m glad to hear the good news about sea exploration.（听到有关海洋探索的好消息我很高兴。）（原因状语）
注意事项：动词不定式的否定形式是在 to 前加 not；当两个或多个不定式并列时，第二个及以后的不定式符号 to 可以省略 。
（二）练习题
Identify the function of the infinitives in the following sentences.找出下列句子中不定式的作用。
To see the ocean with my own eyes is my dream.（ ）
His goal is to sail around the world.（ ）
We plan to visit the aquarium this weekend.（ ）
The captain ordered the crew to lower the sails.（ ）
She has nothing to worry about.（ ）
He got up early to catch the first bus to the port.（ ）
Rewrite the following sentences using it as the formal subject.用它作正式主语改写下列句子。
To study marine biology requires a lot of knowledge.
To protect the sea from pollution is our responsibility.
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.用括号中动词的正确形式完成句子。
I hope ___________ (join) the sea exploration team in the future.
The teacher told us ___________ (not waste) water from the sea.
They are making preparations ___________ (set) sail next month.
三、重要句式句型分析
（一）Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements.
结构分析：句子主语是 “Trade and curiosity”（贸易和好奇心），谓语动词是 “have formed”（构成），宾语是 “the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements”（人类最伟大成就的基础） 。
（二）Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
结构分析：“Although” 引导让步状语从句 “China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433”，表示尽管中国在 1433 年后停止了进一步的远航；主句是 “these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries”，说明陆路和海路在之后的几个世纪里仍是不同文化间交流的活跃通道。
（三）翻译练习题
勇气和决心常常构成成功的基础。
尽管他退出了比赛，但他的精神激励着许多年轻人。
这些古老的航海路线在过去几个世纪一直是东西方贸易的重要通道。
四、单元书面表达写作指导
（一）重要词汇词组搭配积累
海洋探索相关词汇：sea exploration（海洋探索），marine research（海洋研究），deep-sea exploration（深海探索），underwater exploration（水下探索），oceanographic expedition（海洋考察）
海洋生物相关词汇：marine life（海洋生物），sea creatures（海洋生物；海洋生物），endangered species（濒危物种），coral reef（珊瑚礁），whale（鲸鱼），dolphin（海豚）
海洋环境相关词汇：ocean environment（海洋环境），marine pollution（海洋污染），plastic pollution（塑料污染），oil spill（石油泄漏），climate change（气候变化）
贸易与交流相关词汇：trade route（贸易路线），cultural exchange（文化交流），economic cooperation（经济合作），strengthen bonds（加强联系）
（二）高分句式积累
It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
例句：It is necessary for us to take measures to protect the ocean.
（对我们来说，采取措施保护海洋是必要的。）
Not only...but also...
例句：Sea exploration can not only satisfy our curiosity but also bring us valuable resources.（海洋探索不仅能满足我们的好奇心，还能为我们带来宝贵的资源。）
With + 名词 + 现在分词 / 过去分词 / 介词短语 。
例句：With the development of technology, more advanced equipment is used in sea exploration.（随着技术的发展，更先进的设备被用于海洋探索。）
There is no doubt that...
例句：There is no doubt that protecting the sea is of great significance to our future.（毫无疑问，保护海洋对我们的未来意义重大。）
（三）参考范文
My View on Sea Exploration
With the development of science and technology, sea exploration has become an increasingly important topic. There is no doubt that sea exploration brings us many benefits, but it also causes some problems.
On one hand, sea exploration is of great significance. It not only satisfies our curiosity about the unknown ocean but also helps us discover new resources. For example, there are probably vast amounts of valuable minerals under the sea, which can meet the growing needs of the world’s population. Moreover, through sea exploration, we can better understand the marine ecosystem, which is crucial for protecting marine life. Scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change, allowing us to take action to protect our planet.
On the other hand, sea exploration also has some negative impacts. More exploration means more pollution. Oil spills and plastic pollution have killed many sea creatures and even affected our tap water. Mining for resources in the sea, especially in the Arctic, will further damage the fragile marine environment. Overfishing is another serious problem, which may lead to the extinction of some species.
In my opinion, we should strike a balance between sea exploration and protection. We need to develop more environmentally friendly exploration technologies to reduce pollution. At the same time, strict laws and regulations should be made to limit excessive exploitation. Only in this way can we ensure the sustainable development of sea exploration and the long - term health of the ocean.
一、词组搭配练习题答案及解析
（一）Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above
答案：set sail
解析：“The explorers...on a journey to discover new lands.”，句子表达探险家们开启发现新大陆的旅程，“set sail” 表示 “起航；开航”，符合语境，此处为一般现在时描述客观计划，所以填 “set sail”。
答案：in a league of its own
解析：“Our team is...in terms of innovation and creativity.”，说明团队在创新和创造力方面独树一帜，“in a league of one’s own” 表示 “独领风骚”，主语 “Our team” 是单数，所以 one’s 用 its，填 “in a league of its own” 。
答案：withdraw from
解析：“The company had to...the market because of fierce competition.”，由于激烈竞争公司不得不退出市场，“withdraw from” 表示 “退出；撤回”，“had to” 后接动词原形，所以填 “withdraw from”。
答案：in hand
解析：“Make sure you have all the necessary documents...before the meeting.”，强调确保会议前手头有所有必要文件，“in hand” 表示 “在手头；可供使用”，所以填 “in hand”。
答案：press conference
解析：“The prime minister will hold a...to announce the new policy.”，总理举行的用于宣布新政策的活动是记者招待会，“press conference” 表示 “记者招待会；新闻发布会”，所以填 “press conference”。
答案：at the mercy of
解析：“Fishermen are always...the weather.”，渔民的作业受天气影响大，“be at the mercy of” 表示 “任由…… 摆布；受…… 支配”，所以填 “at the mercy of”。
答案：a mixture of
解析：“His painting is...different styles and techniques.”，描述他的画是不同风格和技巧的融合，“a mixture of” 表示 “…… 的混合；结合体；混合物”，所以填 “a mixture of”。
答案：reach out across the sea
解析：“Nations should...to strengthen cultural exchanges.”，国家间为加强文化交流应进行跨洋互动，“reach out across the sea” 表示 “跨洋交流；跨海探索”，“should” 后接动词原形，所以填 “reach out across the sea”。
答案：in return
解析：“She gave me a hand when I was in trouble, and I thanked her...”，她帮忙后 “我” 作为回报感谢她，“in return” 表示 “作为回报；作为交换”，所以填 “in return”。
答案：a sight to behold
解析：“The sunrise over the ocean is...”，海上日出是壮观的景象，“a sight to behold” 表示 “壮观的景象；引人注目的景象”，所以填 “a sight to behold”。
（二）Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above
答案：The ancient sailing ship will set sail for the mysterious island tomorrow.
解析：“这艘古老的帆船” 翻译为 “The ancient sailing ship”；“将起航前往” 用 “will set sail for”，“set sail” 表示 “起航”；“神秘的岛屿” 翻译为 “the mysterious island”；“明天” 是 “tomorrow”。
答案：This talented musician is in a league of his own in music composition.
解析：“这位天才音乐家” 翻译为 “This talented musician”；“在音乐创作方面” 翻译为 “in music composition”；“独领风骚” 用 “is in a league of his own”，主语是男性，所以用 his。
答案：They had to withdraw from the investment due to a shortage of funds.
解析：“他们” 翻译为 “They”；“不得不” 用 “had to”；“撤回投资” 翻译为 “withdraw from the investment”，“withdraw from” 表示 “撤回”；“由于资金短缺” 翻译为 “due to a shortage of funds”。
答案：We have enough evidence in hand to prove his innocence.
解析：“我们” 翻译为 “We”；“手头有” 用 “have...in hand”；“足够的证据” 翻译为 “enough evidence”；“证明他的清白” 翻译为 “prove his innocence”。
答案：The star will hold a press conference at the hotel.
解析：“明星” 翻译为 “The star”；“将举行” 翻译为 “will hold”；“记者招待会” 翻译为 “a press conference”；“在酒店” 翻译为 “at the hotel”。
答案：The people in those poor areas are at the mercy of the bad weather.
解析：“那些贫困地区的人们” 翻译为 “The people in those poor areas”；“受…… 支配” 用 “are at the mercy of”；“恶劣天气” 翻译为 “the bad weather”。
答案：This movie is a mixture of comedy and tragedy.
解析：“这部电影” 翻译为 “This movie”；“是…… 的混合体” 翻译为 “is a mixture of”；“喜剧与悲剧” 翻译为 “comedy and tragedy”。
答案：Countries should reach out across the sea to jointly address ocean problems.
解析：“各国” 翻译为 “Countries”；“应加强跨洋交流” 翻译为 “should reach out across the sea”；“共同应对” 翻译为 “jointly address”；“海洋问题” 翻译为 “ocean problems”。
答案：He helped me carry my luggage, and I treated him to dinner in return.
解析：“他帮我搬运行李” 翻译为 “He helped me carry my luggage”；“我请他吃饭” 翻译为 “I treated him to dinner”；“作为回报” 翻译为 “in return”。
答案：The city lights at night are a sight to behold.
解析：“夜晚的城市灯光” 翻译为 “The city lights at night”；“是一道引人注目的景象” 翻译为 “are a sight to behold”。
二、语法知识点练习题答案及解析
（一）Identify the function of the infinitives in the following sentences
答案：作主语
解析：“To see the ocean with my own eyes is my dream.” 中，“To see the ocean with my own eyes” 位于句首，直接充当句子的主语，表示 “亲眼看到大海” 这个行为是 “我的梦想”，所以此处动词不定式作主语。
答案：作表语
解析：“His goal is to sail around the world.” 里，“is” 是系动词，“to sail around the world” 在系动词后，说明主语 “His goal”（他的目标）的具体内容是 “环游世界”，因此动词不定式作表语。
答案：作宾语
解析：“We plan to visit the aquarium this weekend.” 中，“plan” 是及物动词，“to visit the aquarium this weekend” 跟在其后，是 “plan” 这个动作的对象，即 “计划” 要做的事情，所以动词不定式作宾语 。
答案：作宾语补足语
解析：“The captain ordered the crew to lower the sails.” 符合 “动词 + 宾语 + 不定式” 结构，“ordered” 是谓语动词，“the crew” 是宾语，“to lower the sails” 补充说明宾语 “the crew”（船员）要执行的动作，所以动词不定式作宾语补足语。
答案：作定语
解析：“She has nothing to worry about.” 中，“to worry about” 放在 “nothing” 之后，“nothing” 是 “worry about” 逻辑上的宾语，即 “担心的事情”，修饰 “nothing”，所以动词不定式作定语。
答案：作目的状语
解析：“He got up early to catch the first bus to the port.” 中，“to catch the first bus to the port” 表明 “got up early”（早起）的目的是 “赶上第一班去港口的公交车” ，所以动词不定式作目的状语。
（二）Rewrite the following sentences using it as the formal subject
答案：It requires a lot of knowledge to study marine biology.
解析：原句 “To study marine biology requires a lot of knowledge.” 中，动词不定式 “To study marine biology” 作主语，用 it 作形式主语时，将真正的主语（动词不定式）后置，原句谓语动词 “requires” 不变，调整为 “It requires a lot of knowledge to study marine biology”。
答案：It is our responsibility to protect the sea from pollution.
解析：原句 “To protect the sea from pollution is our responsibility.” 中，“To protect the sea from pollution” 是主语，用 it 作形式主语后，将其移至句末，系动词 “is” 和表语 “our responsibility” 位置不变，变为 “It is our responsibility to protect the sea from pollution”。
（三）Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets
答案：to join
解析：“I hope...(join) the sea exploration team in the future.” 中，“hope” 是及物动词，常用搭配 “hope to do sth.”（希望做某事），所以填 to join，表示 “希望加入海洋探索团队”。
答案：not to waste
解析：“The teacher told us...(not waste) water from the sea.”，“tell” 常用结构为 “tell sb. to do sth.”（告诉某人做某事），其否定形式是在 to 前加 not，即 “tell sb. not to do sth.”（告诉某人不要做某事），所以填 not to waste，意为 “老师告诉我们不要浪费海水”。
答案：to set
解析：“They are making preparations...(set) sail next month.”，“make preparations to do sth.” 表示 “为做某事做准备”，这里表示为下个月起航做准备，所以填 to set。
三、重要句式句型分析翻译练习题答案及解析
答案：Courage and determination often form the foundation of success.
解析：参照 “Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements.” 的结构，“勇气和决心” 翻译为 “Courage and determination” 作主语；“常常构成” 翻译为 “often form”；“成功的基础” 翻译为 “the foundation of success” 。
答案：Although he withdrew from the competition, his spirit inspired many young people.
解析：依据 “Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.” 的结构，“尽管他退出了比赛” 翻译为 “Although he withdrew from the competition”，“although” 引导让步状语从句；“但他的精神激励着许多年轻人” 翻译为 “his spirit inspired many young people” 作主句 。
答案：These ancient sea routes have been important channels for trade between the East and the West for the past few centuries.
解析：结合相关句式结构，“这些古老的航海路线” 翻译为 “These ancient sea routes” 作主语；“在过去几个世纪一直是” 用现在完成时 “have been”；“东西方贸易的重要通道” 翻译为 “important channels for trade between the East and the West” 。
Unit 3 Sea Exploration 单元知识总结清单
一、词组搭配
（一）重点词组
set sail：起航；开航。
例句：The ship will set sail for Europe tomorrow.
（这艘船明天将起航前往欧洲。）
in a league of one’s own：独领风骚。
例句：In the field of modern art, this artist is in a league of her own.
（在现代艺术领域，这位艺术家独领风骚。）
withdraw from：退出；撤回。
例句：He decided to withdraw from the competition due to injury.
（他因受伤决定退出比赛。）
in hand：在手头；可供使用。
例句：We have enough funds in hand to complete the project.
（我们手头有足够的资金来完成这个项目。）
press conference：记者招待会；新闻发布会。
例句：The president will hold a press conference next week.
（总统将于下周举行新闻发布会。）
be at the mercy of：任由…… 摆布；受…… 支配。
例句：Small boats are often at the mercy of the rough sea.
（小船常常任由汹涌的大海摆布。）
a mixture of：…… 的混合；结合体；混合物。
例句：This dish is a mixture of vegetables and meat.
（这道菜是蔬菜和肉的混合。）
reach out across the sea：跨洋交流；跨海探索。
例句：Countries should reach out across the sea to promote trade cooperation.（各国应跨洋交流以促进贸易合作。）
in return：作为回报；作为交换。
例句：She helped me with my study, and I gave her a book in return.
（她帮我学习，作为回报我送了她一本书。）
a sight to behold：壮观的景象；引人注目的景象。
例句：The waterfall is a sight to behold.（瀑布是一道壮观的景象。）
（二）词汇练习题
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above.
用以上短语的正确形式填空。
The explorers ___________ on a journey to discover new lands.
Our team is ___________ in terms of innovation and creativity.
The company had to _________ the market because of fierce competition.
Make sure you have all the necessary documents ________ before the meeting.
The prime minister will hold a ___________ to announce the new policy.
Fishermen are always ___________ the weather.
His painting is ___________ different styles and techniques.
Nations should ___________ to strengthen cultural exchanges.
She gave me a hand when I was in trouble, and I thanked her _________.
The sunrise over the ocean is ___________.
Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above.
用上面的短语把下面的句子翻译成英语。
这艘古老的帆船明天将起航前往神秘的岛屿。
在音乐创作方面，这位天才音乐家独领风骚。
由于资金短缺，他们不得不撤回投资。
我们手头有足够的证据证明他的清白。
明星将在酒店举行记者招待会。
那些贫困地区的人们受恶劣天气的支配。
这部电影是喜剧与悲剧的混合体。
各国应加强跨洋交流，共同应对海洋问题。
他帮我搬运行李，我请他吃饭作为回报。
夜晚的城市灯光是一道引人注目的景象。
二、语法知识点
（一）动词不定式
用法：
作主语：动词不定式作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语（动词不定式）后置，结构为 “It + be + 形容词 / 名词 + to do sth.”。
例句：It is important to protect the ocean environment.
（保护海洋环境很重要。）
作表语：位于系动词之后，说明主语的内容。
例句：My dream is to become a marine biologist.
（我的梦想是成为一名海洋生物学家。）
作宾语：跟在及物动词之后。
例句：I want to explore the deep sea.（我想去探索深海。）
作宾语补足语：常见于 “动词 + 宾语 + 不定式” 结构中，补充说明宾语的动作或状态。
例句：The teacher encourages us to think independently.
（老师鼓励我们独立思考。）
作定语：放在被修饰词之后，与被修饰词存在逻辑上的动宾关系或主谓关系。例句：She has a lot of work to do.（她有很多工作要做。）
作状语：可表示目的、结果、原因等。
例句：He came here to study marine life.（他来这里是为了研究海洋生物。）（目的状语）；
He is too young to join the navy.（他年龄太小，不能加入海军。）（结果状语）；
I’m glad to hear the good news about sea exploration.（听到有关海洋探索的好消息我很高兴。）（原因状语）
注意事项：动词不定式的否定形式是在 to 前加 not；当两个或多个不定式并列时，第二个及以后的不定式符号 to 可以省略 。
（二）练习题
Identify the function of the infinitives in the following sentences.找出下列句子中不定式的作用。
To see the ocean with my own eyes is my dream.（ ）
His goal is to sail around the world.（ ）
We plan to visit the aquarium this weekend.（ ）
The captain ordered the crew to lower the sails.（ ）
She has nothing to worry about.（ ）
He got up early to catch the first bus to the port.（ ）
Rewrite the following sentences using it as the formal subject.用它作正式主语改写下列句子。
To study marine biology requires a lot of knowledge.
To protect the sea from pollution is our responsibility.
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.用括号中动词的正确形式完成句子。
I hope ___________ (join) the sea exploration team in the future.
The teacher told us ___________ (not waste) water from the sea.
They are making preparations ___________ (set) sail next month.
三、重要句式句型分析
（一）Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements.
结构分析：句子主语是 “Trade and curiosity”（贸易和好奇心），谓语动词是 “have formed”（构成），宾语是 “the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements”（人类最伟大成就的基础） 。
（二）Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
结构分析：“Although” 引导让步状语从句 “China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433”，表示尽管中国在 1433 年后停止了进一步的远航；主句是 “these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries”，说明陆路和海路在之后的几个世纪里仍是不同文化间交流的活跃通道。
（三）翻译练习题
勇气和决心常常构成成功的基础。
尽管他退出了比赛，但他的精神激励着许多年轻人。
这些古老的航海路线在过去几个世纪一直是东西方贸易的重要通道。
四、单元书面表达写作指导
（一）重要词汇词组搭配积累
海洋探索相关词汇：sea exploration（海洋探索），marine research（海洋研究），deep-sea exploration（深海探索），underwater exploration（水下探索），oceanographic expedition（海洋考察）
海洋生物相关词汇：marine life（海洋生物），sea creatures（海洋生物；海洋生物），endangered species（濒危物种），coral reef（珊瑚礁），whale（鲸鱼），dolphin（海豚）
海洋环境相关词汇：ocean environment（海洋环境），marine pollution（海洋污染），plastic pollution（塑料污染），oil spill（石油泄漏），climate change（气候变化）
贸易与交流相关词汇：trade route（贸易路线），cultural exchange（文化交流），economic cooperation（经济合作），strengthen bonds（加强联系）
（二）高分句式积累
It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
例句：It is necessary for us to take measures to protect the ocean.
（对我们来说，采取措施保护海洋是必要的。）
Not only...but also...
例句：Sea exploration can not only satisfy our curiosity but also bring us valuable resources.（海洋探索不仅能满足我们的好奇心，还能为我们带来宝贵的资源。）
With + 名词 + 现在分词 / 过去分词 / 介词短语 。
例句：With the development of technology, more advanced equipment is used in sea exploration.（随着技术的发展，更先进的设备被用于海洋探索。）
There is no doubt that...
例句：There is no doubt that protecting the sea is of great significance to our future.（毫无疑问，保护海洋对我们的未来意义重大。）
（三）参考范文
My View on Sea Exploration
With the development of science and technology, sea exploration has become an increasingly important topic. There is no doubt that sea exploration brings us many benefits, but it also causes some problems.
On one hand, sea exploration is of great significance. It not only satisfies our curiosity about the unknown ocean but also helps us discover new resources. For example, there are probably vast amounts of valuable minerals under the sea, which can meet the growing needs of the world’s population. Moreover, through sea exploration, we can better understand the marine ecosystem, which is crucial for protecting marine life. Scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change, allowing us to take action to protect our planet.
On the other hand, sea exploration also has some negative impacts. More exploration means more pollution. Oil spills and plastic pollution have killed many sea creatures and even affected our tap water. Mining for resources in the sea, especially in the Arctic, will further damage the fragile marine environment. Overfishing is another serious problem, which may lead to the extinction of some species.
In my opinion, we should strike a balance between sea exploration and protection. We need to develop more environmentally friendly exploration technologies to reduce pollution. At the same time, strict laws and regulations should be made to limit excessive exploitation. Only in this way can we ensure the sustainable development of sea exploration and the long - term health of the ocean.
一、词组搭配练习题答案及解析
（一）Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above
答案：set sail
解析：“The explorers...on a journey to discover new lands.”，句子表达探险家们开启发现新大陆的旅程，“set sail” 表示 “起航；开航”，符合语境，此处为一般现在时描述客观计划，所以填 “set sail”。
答案：in a league of its own
解析：“Our team is...in terms of innovation and creativity.”，说明团队在创新和创造力方面独树一帜，“in a league of one’s own” 表示 “独领风骚”，主语 “Our team” 是单数，所以 one’s 用 its，填 “in a league of its own” 。
答案：withdraw from
解析：“The company had to...the market because of fierce competition.”，由于激烈竞争公司不得不退出市场，“withdraw from” 表示 “退出；撤回”，“had to” 后接动词原形，所以填 “withdraw from”。
答案：in hand
解析：“Make sure you have all the necessary documents...before the meeting.”，强调确保会议前手头有所有必要文件，“in hand” 表示 “在手头；可供使用”，所以填 “in hand”。
答案：press conference
解析：“The prime minister will hold a...to announce the new policy.”，总理举行的用于宣布新政策的活动是记者招待会，“press conference” 表示 “记者招待会；新闻发布会”，所以填 “press conference”。
答案：at the mercy of
解析：“Fishermen are always...the weather.”，渔民的作业受天气影响大，“be at the mercy of” 表示 “任由…… 摆布；受…… 支配”，所以填 “at the mercy of”。
答案：a mixture of
解析：“His painting is...different styles and techniques.”，描述他的画是不同风格和技巧的融合，“a mixture of” 表示 “…… 的混合；结合体；混合物”，所以填 “a mixture of”。
答案：reach out across the sea
解析：“Nations should...to strengthen cultural exchanges.”，国家间为加强文化交流应进行跨洋互动，“reach out across the sea” 表示 “跨洋交流；跨海探索”，“should” 后接动词原形，所以填 “reach out across the sea”。
答案：in return
解析：“She gave me a hand when I was in trouble, and I thanked her...”，她帮忙后 “我” 作为回报感谢她，“in return” 表示 “作为回报；作为交换”，所以填 “in return”。
答案：a sight to behold
解析：“The sunrise over the ocean is...”，海上日出是壮观的景象，“a sight to behold” 表示 “壮观的景象；引人注目的景象”，所以填 “a sight to behold”。
（二）Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above
答案：The ancient sailing ship will set sail for the mysterious island tomorrow.
解析：“这艘古老的帆船” 翻译为 “The ancient sailing ship”；“将起航前往” 用 “will set sail for”，“set sail” 表示 “起航”；“神秘的岛屿” 翻译为 “the mysterious island”；“明天” 是 “tomorrow”。
答案：This talented musician is in a league of his own in music composition.
解析：“这位天才音乐家” 翻译为 “This talented musician”；“在音乐创作方面” 翻译为 “in music composition”；“独领风骚” 用 “is in a league of his own”，主语是男性，所以用 his。
答案：They had to withdraw from the investment due to a shortage of funds.
解析：“他们” 翻译为 “They”；“不得不” 用 “had to”；“撤回投资” 翻译为 “withdraw from the investment”，“withdraw from” 表示 “撤回”；“由于资金短缺” 翻译为 “due to a shortage of funds”。
答案：We have enough evidence in hand to prove his innocence.
解析：“我们” 翻译为 “We”；“手头有” 用 “have...in hand”；“足够的证据” 翻译为 “enough evidence”；“证明他的清白” 翻译为 “prove his innocence”。
答案：The star will hold a press conference at the hotel.
解析：“明星” 翻译为 “The star”；“将举行” 翻译为 “will hold”；“记者招待会” 翻译为 “a press conference”；“在酒店” 翻译为 “at the hotel”。
答案：The people in those poor areas are at the mercy of the bad weather.
解析：“那些贫困地区的人们” 翻译为 “The people in those poor areas”；“受…… 支配” 用 “are at the mercy of”；“恶劣天气” 翻译为 “the bad weather”。
答案：This movie is a mixture of comedy and tragedy.
解析：“这部电影” 翻译为 “This movie”；“是…… 的混合体” 翻译为 “is a mixture of”；“喜剧与悲剧” 翻译为 “comedy and tragedy”。
答案：Countries should reach out across the sea to jointly address ocean problems.
解析：“各国” 翻译为 “Countries”；“应加强跨洋交流” 翻译为 “should reach out across the sea”；“共同应对” 翻译为 “jointly address”；“海洋问题” 翻译为 “ocean problems”。
答案：He helped me carry my luggage, and I treated him to dinner in return.
解析：“他帮我搬运行李” 翻译为 “He helped me carry my luggage”；“我请他吃饭” 翻译为 “I treated him to dinner”；“作为回报” 翻译为 “in return”。
答案：The city lights at night are a sight to behold.
解析：“夜晚的城市灯光” 翻译为 “The city lights at night”；“是一道引人注目的景象” 翻译为 “are a sight to behold”。
二、语法知识点练习题答案及解析
（一）Identify the function of the infinitives in the following sentences
答案：作主语
解析：“To see the ocean with my own eyes is my dream.” 中，“To see the ocean with my own eyes” 位于句首，直接充当句子的主语，表示 “亲眼看到大海” 这个行为是 “我的梦想”，所以此处动词不定式作主语。
答案：作表语
解析：“His goal is to sail around the world.” 里，“is” 是系动词，“to sail around the world” 在系动词后，说明主语 “His goal”（他的目标）的具体内容是 “环游世界”，因此动词不定式作表语。
答案：作宾语
解析：“We plan to visit the aquarium this weekend.” 中，“plan” 是及物动词，“to visit the aquarium this weekend” 跟在其后，是 “plan” 这个动作的对象，即 “计划” 要做的事情，所以动词不定式作宾语 。
答案：作宾语补足语
解析：“The captain ordered the crew to lower the sails.” 符合 “动词 + 宾语 + 不定式” 结构，“ordered” 是谓语动词，“the crew” 是宾语，“to lower the sails” 补充说明宾语 “the crew”（船员）要执行的动作，所以动词不定式作宾语补足语。
答案：作定语
解析：“She has nothing to worry about.” 中，“to worry about” 放在 “nothing” 之后，“nothing” 是 “worry about” 逻辑上的宾语，即 “担心的事情”，修饰 “nothing”，所以动词不定式作定语。
答案：作目的状语
解析：“He got up early to catch the first bus to the port.” 中，“to catch the first bus to the port” 表明 “got up early”（早起）的目的是 “赶上第一班去港口的公交车” ，所以动词不定式作目的状语。
（二）Rewrite the following sentences using it as the formal subject
答案：It requires a lot of knowledge to study marine biology.
解析：原句 “To study marine biology requires a lot of knowledge.” 中，动词不定式 “To study marine biology” 作主语，用 it 作形式主语时，将真正的主语（动词不定式）后置，原句谓语动词 “requires” 不变，调整为 “It requires a lot of knowledge to study marine biology”。
答案：It is our responsibility to protect the sea from pollution.
解析：原句 “To protect the sea from pollution is our responsibility.” 中，“To protect the sea from pollution” 是主语，用 it 作形式主语后，将其移至句末，系动词 “is” 和表语 “our responsibility” 位置不变，变为 “It is our responsibility to protect the sea from pollution”。
（三）Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets
答案：to join
解析：“I hope...(join) the sea exploration team in the future.” 中，“hope” 是及物动词，常用搭配 “hope to do sth.”（希望做某事），所以填 to join，表示 “希望加入海洋探索团队”。
答案：not to waste
解析：“The teacher told us...(not waste) water from the sea.”，“tell” 常用结构为 “tell sb. to do sth.”（告诉某人做某事），其否定形式是在 to 前加 not，即 “tell sb. not to do sth.”（告诉某人不要做某事），所以填 not to waste，意为 “老师告诉我们不要浪费海水”。
答案：to set
解析：“They are making preparations...(set) sail next month.”，“make preparations to do sth.” 表示 “为做某事做准备”，这里表示为下个月起航做准备，所以填 to set。
三、重要句式句型分析翻译练习题答案及解析
答案：Courage and determination often form the foundation of success.
解析：参照 “Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements.” 的结构，“勇气和决心” 翻译为 “Courage and determination” 作主语；“常常构成” 翻译为 “often form”；“成功的基础” 翻译为 “the foundation of success” 。
答案：Although he withdrew from the competition, his spirit inspired many young people.
解析：依据 “Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.” 的结构，“尽管他退出了比赛” 翻译为 “Although he withdrew from the competition”，“although” 引导让步状语从句；“但他的精神激励着许多年轻人” 翻译为 “his spirit inspired many young people” 作主句 。
答案：These ancient sea routes have been important channels for trade between the East and the West for the past few centuries.
解析：结合相关句式结构，“这些古老的航海路线” 翻译为 “These ancient sea routes” 作主语；“在过去几个世纪一直是” 用现在完成时 “have been”；“东西方贸易的重要通道” 翻译为 “important channels for trade between the East and the West” 。