中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
绝密★启用前
2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国二卷)
英语
资料包含 文章重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展 文章重点句子改编单句语法填空 长难句翻译及分析练习
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
English Market Towns to Visit in the UK
English market towns come in many shapes and sizes. Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. But each town has more to do than shop.
Hereford, Herefordshire
Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
Ludlow, Shropshire
Ludlow is known as the Foodie Center of England. Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold. The three-day Ludlow Food Festival is held each September.
Shrewsbury, Shropshire
Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. Flowers are everywhere-hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters-just what you imagine in an attractive English market town.
Mevagissey, Cornwall
Even if you haven’t been to the small fishing village Mevagissey, you’ve probably seen it in a movie or British TV show. The working harbor (港口) took shape in 1774. Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets. Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie. It’s delicious.
1. Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta
A. In the Ludlow Castle. B. In the Foodie Center of England.
C In the Hereford Cathedral. D. In the Black and White House Museum.
2. What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center
A. It’s situated near a big island. B. It’s almost surrounded by water.
C. It’s known for its flower festival. D. It’s easily accessible from London.
3. What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey
A. Try the Cornish pie. B. Watch a British TV show.
C. Go fishing in the sea. D. Take pictures of the harbor.
一、重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展
单词 / 短语 音标 词义 知识拓展
remain /r me n/
skirt / sk t/
eatery / i t ri/
impressive / m pres v/
original / r d nl/
the Magna Carta / m ɡn kɑ t /
display /d sple /
butcher / b t (r)/
greengrocer / ɡri nɡr s (r)/
border / b d (r)/
explore / k spl (r)/
medieval / medi i vl/
stronghold / str h ld/
challenging / t l nd /
significant /s ɡ n f k nt/
planter / plɑ nt (r)/
working harbor / w k hɑ b (r)/
take shape /te k e p/
单句语法填空
Each has a personality ____ (shape) by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.
One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta ____ (display) there.
Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must ____ (explore)” medieval stronghold.
The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost ____ (make) an island of Shrewsbury Town Center.
Flowers are everywhere—hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters—just what you imagine in ____ attractive English market town.
Don’t leave the harbor _______a traditional Cornish pie.
三、长难句分析及翻译
句子 翻译 分析
Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.
The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center.
Flowers are everywhere - hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters - just what you imagine in an attractive English market town.
B
Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.”
“Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care.
Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.”
There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.”
Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”
4. Who does Ho teach at LPCH
A. Sick children. B. Young nurses.
C. Medical students. D. Patients’ parents.
5. What is a characteristic of Ho’s job
A. Prioritizing academics. B. Encouraging innovation.
C. Treating various diseases. D. Playing multiple roles.
6. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4
A. Offering regular lessons. B. Paying extra attention.
C. Assigning no schoolwork. D. Showing no sympathy.
7. How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good
A. It eases peer pressure. B. It helps them live in hope.
C. It frees them from aches. D. It entertains them with stories.
一、重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展
单词 音标 词义 知识拓展
patient / pe nt/
be free of
procedure /pr si d (r)/
recover /r k v (r)/
component /k m p n nt/
academic / k dem k/
priority /pra r ti/
scared /ske d/
coach /k t /
adviser / d va z (r)/
comforter / k mf t (r)/
at any given time
regular / reɡj l (r)/
assignment / sa nm nt/
sympathy / s mp θi/
disservice / d s s v s/
recognize / rek ɡna z/
psychological / sa k l d kl/
benefit / ben f t/
keep up with
peer /p (r)/
management / m n d m nt/
solve /s lv/
ease /i z/
entertain / ent te n/
二、单句语法填空
1.About half of Ho’s students stay ____ a week or less.
2.Most of Ho’s students will recover, ____ means preparing them to return to school is a key component of care.
3.If you’re scared ____ something, learning becomes impossible.
4.Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of ____ (help) kids keep up with peers.
5.“I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s___________ it means to be a hospital teacher.”
6. School can keep those dreams alive_______ giving kids a way to learn and grow.”
长难句分析及翻译
句子 翻译 分析
She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools.
Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital.
C
When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry.
“Plants are in fashion right now,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida. “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says. “Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body.
“Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.”
If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says.
8. How was Detrinidad’s business when it started
A. It faced tough competition. B. It suffered a great loss.
C. It got lots of financial support. D. It went surprisingly well.
9. What is one of Knuth’s findings about plants
A. They appeal more to students. B. They purify the environment.
C. They raise the cortisol level. D. They enhance productivity.
10. What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers
A. The necessity of social skills. B. The meaning of sustainability.
C. The importance of repeated efforts. D. The value of professional opinions.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Time to Replace Houseplants B. Plants Boost Your Mood
C. Tips on Choosing Houseplants D. Plants Brighten Your Home
一、重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展
单词 / 短语 音标 词义 知识拓展
flood /fl d/
Ship out / p a t/
explosion / k spl n/
industry / nd stri/
fashion / f n/
satisfaction / s t s f k n/
rating / re t /
mood /mu d/
decrease /d kri s/
cortisol / k t s l/
hormone / h m n/
translate /tr ns le t/
productivity / pr d k t v ti/
sick leave
beat yourself up
sustain /s ste n/
tend /tend/
invest / n vest/
二、单句语法填空
1.“People ________ live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says
2. She was flooded, ___________(ship) out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone.
3.Her success is just one example of increased time at home ________(lead) to an explosion in the houseplant industry.
4.“Plants are_____ fashion right now,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida.
5. “________(Add) more nature to our environment can change our mood and ________ we think.”
6.“Students who are around plants perform better ____________(academic) than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth.
7. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice _______takes to sustain a plant.
三、长难句分析及翻译
句子 翻译 句子分析
Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry.
If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it.
“Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant.
Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says.
D
Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food Mine does. Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time.
Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing. But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu to exclusively (专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away.
For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad. Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.
A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out. Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion.
It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine.
Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything.
12. What can be inferred about the author’s early life
A. He witnessed food shortage. B. He enjoyed the local cuisine.
C. He donated food to Africans. D. He helped to cook at home.
13. Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment
A. To customize dishes for guests. B. To make the public aware of food waste.
C. To test a food processing method. D. To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems.
14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Why the ingredients were used. B. Which dishes were best liked.
C. What the dishes were made of. D. Where the ingredients were bought.
15. What can we learn about wastED
A. It has ended as planned. B. It is creating new jobs.
C. It has regained popularity. D. It is criticized by top chefs.
一、重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展
单词 / 短语 音标 词义 知识拓展
soul /s l/
starve /stɑ v/
reminder /r ma nd (r)/
concern /k n s n/
exclusively / k sklu s vli/
otherwise / wa z/
skate /ske t/
cartilage / kɑ t l d /
pulp /p lp/
dumpster / d mpst r/
tailor-made / te l me d/
awareness / we n s/
regarding /r ɡɑ rd /
determine /d t rm n/
average / v r d /
revenue / rev nju /
donate /do ne t/
recycle / ri sa kl/
garbage / ɡɑ rb d /
ingredient / n ɡri di nt/
produce / prɑ du s/（n.）
/pr du s/（v.）
re-appropriate / ri pro prie t/
cuisine /kw zi n/
enthusiastic / n θju zi st k/
short-lived / rt l vd/
since /s ns/
nevertheless / nev r les/
address / dres/
sustainability /s ste n b l ti/
单句语法填空
1.Maybe that feeling comes from ______ (grow) up in South Africa, _________the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time.
2.From technological solutions ______ educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways ______ (use) more of what we’re already growing.
3.A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% ______ (donate) or recycled.
4.Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero - waste systems, but wastED took the concept to ______ (it) logical conclusion.
5.Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider ______ (serve).
6.Nevertheless, it serves _______ a reminder that there are many ways ______ (address) problems of sustainability...
三、长难句分析及翻译
句子 翻译 句子分析
Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time.
From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing.
A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults ___16___ You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
●You’ll feel like you have more time.
People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. ___17___
●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly.
___18___ Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives.
● ___19___
Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come.
●You’ll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. ___20___ Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
A. Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展
单词 / 短语 音标 词义 知识拓展
volunteering / v l n t r /
benefit / ben f t/
affect / fekt/
community /k mju n ti/
cause /k z/
regularly / reɡj l li/
maintain /me n te n/
physical / f z kl/
lifelong / la fl /
teenage / ti ne d /
link /l k/
effect / fekt/
self-confidence / self k nf d ns/
prove /pru v/
well-being / wel bi /
unique /ju ni k/
depression /d pre n/
prejudice / pred d s/
capable / ke p bl/
inspire / n spa (r)/
单句语法填空
Hoping to find a hobby that can ________(share) by both the little ones and adults
___16___ You may know the “feel-good” emotions __________come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways _________(volunteer)will positively affect the whole family.
Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually ________(make) you feel like you have more of it.
Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused _____ adding physical activity into their lives.
5. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved _________( affect) a teen’s well-being in the years to come.
6.Families ________ volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal.
三、长难句分析及翻译
句子 翻译 句子分析
You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to ___21___ seven years ago after having a ___22___ call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which ___23___ led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a ___24___. Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a ___25___ lifestyle, before discovering a ___26___ for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the ___27___ lover has not only managed to ___28___ an impressive set of muscles — but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no ___29___ others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a ___30___ to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “___31___ others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when ___32___.” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the ___33___ is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the ___34___ wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an ___35___ for many social media users.
21. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recover
22. A. goodwill B. timeout C. long-distance D. wake-up
23. A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically
24. A. change B. fortune C. wish D. deal
25. A. risky B. traditional C. comfortable D. healthy
26. A. demand B. secret C. passion D. cure
27. A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature
28. A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax
29. A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference
30. A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone
31. A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive
32. A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated
33. A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost
34. A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters
35. A. authority B. excuse C. inspiration D. option
一、重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展
单词 / 短语 音标 词义 知识拓展
work out / w k a t/
eating disorder / i t d s d (r)/
health issue / helθ u /
surgery / s d ri/
turn around / t n ra nd/
lifestyle / la fsta l/
weightlifting / we tl ft /
set out / set a t/
muscle / m sl/
following / f l /
content / k ntent/
well-liked / wel la kt/
all down to / l da n tu /
aspect / spekt/
failure / fe lj (r)/
stick to / st k tu /
lift up / l ft p/
previously / pri vi sli/
amazing / me z /
recover /r k v (r)/
goodwill / ɡ d w l/
timeout / ta ma t/
long-distance / l d st ns/
wake-up / we k p/
normally / n m li/
ultimately / lt m tli/
suddenly / s d nli/
automatically / t m t kli/
fortune / f t u n/
demand /d mɑ nd/
passion / p n/
cure /kj (r)/
fitness / f tn s/
activate / kt ve t/
road block / r d bl k/
passing mark / pɑ s mɑ k/
stepping stone / step st n/
consult /k n s lt/
authority / θ r ti/
option / p n/
第二节(共10小题;每小题15分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____37____ (center) heating doesn’t exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me ____38____ this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt ____39____ learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found ____40____ (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____41____ (be) one of them.
Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____42____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____43____ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____44____ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____45____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
单词 / 短语 音标 词义 知识拓展
free - range /fri re nd /
adapt / d pt/
Over time
extremely / k stri mli/
feel at home /fi l t h m/
at times / t ta mz/
scent /sent/
freshly / fre li/
clothesline / kl zla n/
deny /d na /
entire / n ta (r)/
miss out on /m s a t n/
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是校英文报编辑李华，外教Chris上个月答应写一篇介绍加拿大体育运动的文章。请给 Chris写一封邮件，内容包括：
(1)询问进展；
(2)提醒交稿时间。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“What is your name ” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time. But for me, it was the first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland.
The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English. For native speakers of English, some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce. My given name Qiuyu (秋雨), for instance, happened to be a great challenge for many of them. Every time I gave a self-introduction, I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times, yet they still could not say it the way I did.
Once in a lecture, the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates. I really did not know whether I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter. I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me. After all, I did care about how others would think of me. I realized that if I didn’t stop, the entire lecture would be ruined. “It’s okay, professor,” I shrugged (耸肩). The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter. I forced a smile, unsure how to respond further.
After that incident, I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher.” Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name, I just smiled and nodded approvingly. This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain. However, I soon found that by doing so, I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity.
注意：
(1) 续写词数应为150个左右；
(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name.
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Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
绝密★启用前
2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国二卷)
英语
资料包含 文章重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展 文章重点句子改编单句语法填空 长难句翻译及分析练习
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
English Market Towns to Visit in the UK
English market towns come in many shapes and sizes. Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. But each town has more to do than shop.
Hereford, Herefordshire
Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
Ludlow, Shropshire
Ludlow is known as the Foodie Center of England. Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold. The three-day Ludlow Food Festival is held each September.
Shrewsbury, Shropshire
Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. Flowers are everywhere-hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters-just what you imagine in an attractive English market town.
Mevagissey, Cornwall
Even if you haven’t been to the small fishing village Mevagissey, you’ve probably seen it in a movie or British TV show. The working harbor (港口) took shape in 1774. Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets. Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie. It’s delicious.
1. Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta
A. In the Ludlow Castle. B. In the Foodie Center of England.
C In the Hereford Cathedral. D. In the Black and White House Museum.
2. What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center
A. It’s situated near a big island. B. It’s almost surrounded by water.
C. It’s known for its flower festival. D. It’s easily accessible from London.
3. What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey
A. Try the Cornish pie. B. Watch a British TV show.
C. Go fishing in the sea. D. Take pictures of the harbor.
一、重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展
单词 / 短语 音标 词义 知识拓展
remain /r me n/ v. 剩下；停留；保持 remaining（adj. 剩下的），remainder（n. 剩余物）；短语：remain calm（保持冷静），remain in memory（留在记忆中）；
skirt / sk t/ n. 裙料；底边；vt. 绕过；回避 短语：skirting board（踢脚线），skirt around（回避）
eatery / i t ri/ n. 小餐馆；饮食店 近义词：restaurant（餐馆），café（咖啡馆）
impressive / m pres v/ adj. 给人深刻印象的 impress（v. 给… 留下印象），impression（n. 印象），impressively（adv. 令人难忘地）； 短语：be impressed by/with sth.：对某物印象深刻impress sth. on/upon sb.：使某人牢记某事 make a (good/bad) impression (on sb.)：（给某人）留下（好 / 坏）印象
original / r d nl/ adj. 原来的；独创的；n. 原件 originally（adv. 起初），originality（n. 独创性）； 短语：original idea（原创想法），original copy（原件）； origin（n.起源, 出身）
the Magna Carta / m ɡn kɑ t / 大宪章（1215 年英国宪法性文件） 具有历史法律意义，限制王权，确立公民权利
display /d sple / v. 展示；n. 展览 displayed（adj. 展示的）； 短语：on display（展览中），display window（展示窗）；近义词：exhibit（展览），show（显示）
butcher / b t (r)/ n. 屠夫；v. 屠宰 butchery（n. 屠宰场；残杀）； 短语：butcher shop（肉店），butcher knife（屠刀）
greengrocer / ɡri nɡr s (r)/ n. 蔬菜水果商
border / b d (r)/ n. 边界；v. 毗邻 borderless（adj. 无边界的）； 短语：border control（边境管制），border on（与… 毗邻）； 近义词：frontier（边境），boundary（界限）
explore / k spl (r)/ v. 探索；探究 exploration（n. 探索），explorer（n. 探险家），exploratory（adj. 探索性的）；
medieval / medi i vl/ adj. 中世纪的 medievally（adv. 以中世纪方式）； 短语：medieval history（中世纪历史），medieval architecture（中世纪建筑）
stronghold / str h ld/ n. 要塞；据点
challenging / t l nd / adj. 具有挑战性的 challenge（n. /v. 挑战），challengingly（adv. 挑战性地）；
significant /s ɡ n f k nt/ adj. 重要的；显著的 significantly（adv. 显著地），significance（n. 重要性）； 反义词：insignificant（不重要的）
planter / plɑ nt (r)/ n. 种植者；种植园主；花盆 plant（v. 种植；n. 植物），planting（n. 种植）；
working harbor / w k hɑ b (r)/ 工作港口（仍在运营的港口） 短语：busy working harbor（繁忙的工作港口）；对比：commercial harbor（商业港口），abandoned harbor（废弃港口）
take shape /te k e p/ 成形；形成 短语：take shape gradually（逐渐成形）； 近义词：form（形成），develop（发展）
单句语法填空
Each has a personality ____ (shape) by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.
One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta ____ (display) there.
Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must ____ (explore)” medieval stronghold.
The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost ____ (make) an island of Shrewsbury Town Center.
Flowers are everywhere—hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters—just what you imagine in ____ attractive English market town.
Don’t leave the harbor _______a traditional Cornish pie.
答案1.shaped 2.is displayed 3.explore 4.making 5.an 6.without
三、长难句分析及翻译
句子 翻译 分析
Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. 每一个都有着由数个世纪以来生产和交易的商品与服务塑造而成的特质 。 句子主干为 “Each has a personality”；“shaped by...” 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “personality”，说明特质是如何形成的；“produced and traded for centuries” 同样是过去分词短语，修饰 “the goods and services”，表明商品和服务的时间跨度与交易等行为 。
The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. 塞文河（River Severn ）流经城镇时有一个明显的转弯，几乎把什鲁斯伯里镇中心（Shrewsbury Town Center ）变成了一座岛屿 。 句子主干是 “The River Severn has a significant turn”；“through town” 是地点状语，说明转弯的位置；“almost making an island of...” 是现在分词短语作结果状语，体现河流转弯产生的结果 。
Flowers are everywhere - hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters - just what you imagine in an attractive English market town. 鲜花随处可见 —— 吊篮、窗台花箱和花槽（里都有），就像你想象中迷人的英国集镇的样子 。 句子主干为 “Flowers are everywhere”；“hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters” 是对 “everywhere” 的补充说明，具体列举花所在的位置；“just what you imagine...” 是表语从句，说明鲜花呈现的状态符合对英国集镇的想象 ，其中 “in an attractive English market town” 是状语，限定想象的场景 。
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了英国值得一游的四个市场小镇及其特色和亮点。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hereford, Herefordshire部分中“The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. (赫里福德大教堂是镇上最令人印象深刻的建筑。它还拥有一座古老的图书馆，《大宪章》的四份原始副本之一便陈列于此)”可知，在赫里福德大教堂可以找到《大宪章》的原始副本。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Shrewsbury, Shropshire部分中“The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. (塞文河在流经小镇时出现一个明显的转弯，几乎将什鲁斯伯里镇中心变成一座孤岛。这种地形造就了一个绝佳的集市，在这里，人们可以借助这条河流作为运输通道来收发货物)”可知，什鲁斯伯里镇中心几乎被水包围。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mevagissey, Cornwall部分中“Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Comish pie. It’s delicious. (离开港口前一定要尝尝传统的康沃尔馅饼。它很美味)”可知，作者建议游客在梅瓦吉西一定要尝尝康沃尔馅饼。故选A项。
B
Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.”
“Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care.
Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.”
There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.”
Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”
4. Who does Ho teach at LPCH
A. Sick children. B. Young nurses.
C. Medical students. D. Patients’ parents.
5. What is a characteristic of Ho’s job
A. Prioritizing academics. B. Encouraging innovation.
C. Treating various diseases. D. Playing multiple roles.
6. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4
A. Offering regular lessons. B. Paying extra attention.
C. Assigning no schoolwork. D. Showing no sympathy.
7. How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good
A. It eases peer pressure. B. It helps them live in hope.
C. It frees them from aches. D. It entertains them with stories.
一、重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展
单词 音标 词义 知识拓展
patient / pe nt/ 病人；有耐心的 n. / adj. 短语（adj. ）：be patient with（对…… 有耐心 ）；近义词（n. ）：sick - person ；（adj. ）：tolerant ；反义词（adj. ）：impatient ；
patience（n. 耐心 ）、patiently（adv. 耐心地 ）、impatient（adj. 不耐烦的 ，反义派生 ）
be free of 摆脱；没有…… 的 例句：The room should be free of distractions.（房间应没有干扰。）
procedure /pr si d (r)/ 程序；手续 n. 短语：medical procedure（医疗程序 ）；近义词：process/routine ；
procedural（adj. 程序上的 ）、proceed（v. 继续进行 ，词根关联 ）
recover /r k v (r)/ 恢复；康复 v. 短语：recover from（从…… 中恢复 ）；近义词：regain/heal ；反义词：deteriorate ；
recovery（n. 恢复 / 康复 ）、recoverable（adj. 可恢复的 ）
component /k m p n nt/ 组成部分；成分 n. 短语：component of（…… 的组成部分 ）；近义词：part/element ；
compose（v. 组成 / 构成 ）、composite（adj. 合成的 ）、composition（n. 构成 / 作文 ）
academic / k dem k/ 学术的；学业的;n.大学教师, 高校科研人员 adj./n. 短语：academic performance（学业表现）、academic research（学术研究）
academy（n. 学院）、academically（adv. 学术上地）
priority /pra r ti/ 优先事项；优先权 n. 短语：priority over（比…… 优先 ）；近义词：preference/precedence ；反义词：subordinate（常作 adj. ，表 “次要的” ）；
prior（adj. 优先的 / 在前的 ）、prioritize（v. 优先处理 ）
scared /ske d/ 害怕的；恐惧的 adj. 短语：be scared of（害怕…… ）；近义词：afraid/frightened ；反义词：brave/fearless ；
scare（v. /n. 使害怕 / 恐惧 ）、scary（adj. 吓人的 ，情感色彩略不同 ）
coach /k t / 教练；指导 n. / v. 短语（v. ）：coach sb. in sth.（在某方面辅导某人 ）；近义词（n. ）：instructor ；（v. ）：tutor ；
coaching（n. 辅导 / 训练 ）、coachable（adj. 可辅导的 ，派生形容词 ）
adviser / d va z (r)/ 顾问；指导教师 n. 短语：academic adviser（学术顾问 ）；近义词：consultant/counselor ；
advise（v. 建议 / 劝告 ）、advice（n. 建议 ）、advisory（adj. 咨询的 ）
comforter / k mf t (r)/ 安慰者；慰问者 n. 短语：be a comforter to sb.（成为某人的安慰者 ）；近义词：consoler/soother ；
comfort（v. /n. 安慰 / 舒适 ）、comfortable（adj. 舒适的 ）、comfortably（adv. 舒适地 ）
at any given time 在任何特定时间 例句：There are at least 10 staff on duty at any given time.（任何时候至少有 10 名员工值班。）
近义词：at any time/at any point
regular / reɡj l (r)/ 定期的；常规的 adj. 短语：regular teacher（任课教师 ）；近义词：routine/constant ；反义词：irregular ；
regularly（adv. 定期地 / 经常 ）、regularity（n. 规律性 / 定期 ）
assignment / sa nm nt/ 作业；任务 n. 短语：give an assignment（布置作业 ）；近义词：task/project ；
assign（v. 分配 / 布置 ）、assignable（adj. 可分配的 ）
sympathy / s mp θi/ 同情；赞同 n. 短语：express sympathy for（对…… 表示同情 ）；近义词：pity/compassion ；反义词：antipathy ；
sympathetic（adj. 同情的 / 赞同的 ）、sympathize（v. 同情 / 共鸣 ）
disservice / d s s v s/ 伤害；帮倒忙 n. 短语：do a disservice to（对…… 造成伤害 ）；近义词：harm/detriment ；
disserve（v. 危害 / 虐待 ）、disservant（n. 帮倒忙的人 ，生僻派生 ）
recognize / rek ɡna z/ 认出；承认 v. 短语：recognize...as（承认…… 为 ）；近义词：acknowledge/realize ；反义词：ignore/deny ；
recognition（n. 认出 / 承认 ）、recognizable（adj. 可辨认的 ）
psychological / sa k l d kl/ 心理的；精神的 adj. 短语：psychological benefit（心理益处 ）；近义词：mental ；
psychology（n. 心理学 ）、psychologist（n. 心理学家 ）、psychologically（adv. 心理上 ）
benefit / ben f t/ 益处；使受益 n. / v. 短语（n. ）：benefit from（从…… 中受益 ）；近义词（n. ）：advantage/profit ；（v. ）：profit/help ；反义词（n. ）：disadvantage/harm ；
beneficial（adj. 有益的 ）、beneficially（adv. 有益地 ）
keep up with 跟上；保持同步 例句：It's hard to keep up with the latest technology.（跟上最新技术很难。）
相关搭配：keep up with the pace（跟上节奏）
peer /p (r)/ 同龄人；同等地位的人 n. 短语：peer pressure（同龄人压力 ）；近义词：contemporary/equal ；
peerless（adj. 无与伦比的 ，否定派生 ）
management / m n d m nt/ 管理；经营 n. 短语：management of（对…… 的管理 ）；近义词：administration/governance ；
manage（v. 管理 / 经营 ）、manager（n. 经理 ）、manageable（adj. 可管理的 ）
solve /s lv/ 解决；解答 v. 短语：solve a problem（解决问题 ）；近义词：resolve/settle ；反义词：complicate ；
solution（n. 解决办法 / 答案 ）、solver（n. 解决者 ）、solvable（adj. 可解决的 ）
ease /i z/ v. 减轻；缓解；使安心 ；n. 舒适；自在；容易 短语：feel at ease：舒适；自在；不拘束 with ease：轻易地；不费力地 例：He solved the math problem with ease.（他轻松解出了这道数学题 。 ） ease one's mind：使某人安心；打消某人的顾虑 近义词（v.）：relieve；
entertain / ent te n/ v. 娱乐；使快乐；招待；心存（想法、希望等） entertainment（n. 娱乐；消遣 ），entertaining（adj. 有趣的；令人愉快的 ）
二、单句语法填空
1.About half of Ho’s students stay ____ a week or less.
2.Most of Ho’s students will recover, ____ means preparing them to return to school is a key component of care.
3.If you’re scared ____ something, learning becomes impossible.
4.Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of ____ (help) kids keep up with peers.
5.“I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s___________ it means to be a hospital teacher.”
6. School can keep those dreams alive_______ giving kids a way to learn and grow.”
答案：1.for2.which3.about4.helping5. what6. by
长难句分析及翻译
句子 翻译 分析
She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. 她通常与他们（孩子）所在常规学校的老师合作，获取这些学校正在使用的课程与测试内容 。 句子主干为 “She works with their regular teachers” ；“to get lessons and tests...” 是目的状语 ；“being used at their home schools” 是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “lessons and tests” 。
Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. Ho认识到帮助孩子们跟上医院外同龄人进度所带来的心理益处 。 句子主干是 “Ho recognizes the psychological benefit” ；“of helping kids keep up with their peers outside the hospital” 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 “benefit” ；“keep up with their peers” 是 “help sb. do sth.” 结构里的动作，“outside the hospital” 是后置定语修饰 “peers” 。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Kathy Ho在斯坦福露西尔 帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）担任教师的工作情况，介绍了医院学校学生的情况、她工作的特点以及医院学校对学生的益处。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中““Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. (“这里”指的是386 室，每年约有500名露西尔 帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）的患者在这里成为学生。这所医院学校里没有家长、医生，也没有医疗程序。它是一个学习的地方。Ho老师的学生中，约有一半只待一周或更短时间，其他人则会待一年以上。大多数学生最终会康复，这意味着，帮助他们做好重返学校的准备正成为护理工作中日益重要的组成部分)” 可知，Ho在露西尔 帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）教生病的孩子。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher. (我是一名教练、一名顾问和一名安慰者，这就是作为一名医院教师的意义)”可知，Ho工作的一个特点是扮演多种角色。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词所在句“Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. (一些老师不给孩子们布置任何作业，而是表达同情。Ho说：“我觉得这对孩子们是一种伤害”)” 可推知，其中的“it”指的是不给孩子们布置作业这件事。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Julie Good所说的“It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow. (这关乎围绕 “何为充实人生” 展开的问题解决。那些孩子拥有梦想，而学校能通过为他们提供学习与成长的途径，让这些梦想得以延续)”可推知，Good认为医院学校通过让孩子保持学习和成长，帮助他们维系梦想，即帮助他们生活在希望中。故选B。
C
When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry.
“Plants are in fashion right now,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida. “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says. “Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body.
“Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.”
If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says.
8. How was Detrinidad’s business when it started
A. It faced tough competition. B. It suffered a great loss.
C. It got lots of financial support. D. It went surprisingly well.
9. What is one of Knuth’s findings about plants
A. They appeal more to students. B. They purify the environment.
C. They raise the cortisol level. D. They enhance productivity.
10. What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers
A. The necessity of social skills. B. The meaning of sustainability.
C. The importance of repeated efforts. D. The value of professional opinions.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Time to Replace Houseplants B. Plants Boost Your Mood
C. Tips on Choosing Houseplants D. Plants Brighten Your Home
一、重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展
单词 / 短语 音标 词义 知识拓展
flood /fl d/ v. 大量涌入；淹没；n. 洪水 短语：flood in（大量涌入）、flood with（使充满）
Ship out / p a t/ 运送；发货 短语：ship out orders（发货订单）
例：She shipped out 1,200 orders in June.（她在六月发货 1200 单。）
explosion / k spl n/ n. 爆发；激增；爆炸 explode（v. 爆炸；爆发）、explosive（adj. 爆炸的；n. 炸药）
短语：population explosion（人口激增）、explosion of anger（怒火爆发）
industry / nd stri/ n. 行业；工业 industrial（adj. 工业的）、industrialize（v. 工业化）
短语：houseplant industry（室内植物行业）、manufacturing industry（制造业）
fashion / f n/ n. 时尚；时兴；v. 制作 fashionable（adj. 流行的）
短语：in fashion（流行）、out of fashion（过时）
satisfaction / s t s f k n/ n. 满意；满足 satisfy（v. 使满意）、satisfied（adj. 满意的）
短语：customer satisfaction（客户满意度）
近义词：contentment
反义词：dissatisfaction
rating / re t / n. 评级；评分 短语：life satisfaction rating（生活满意度评分）、credit rating（信用评级）
rate(n./v.)
mood /mu d/ n. 情绪；心情 短语：in a good mood（心情好）
moody(adj.喜怒无常的, 脾气坏的)
decrease /d kri s/ v. 减少；降低；n. 减少量 decreasing（adj. 减少的）、decrement（n. 减少量）
短语：decrease in（在…… 方面减少）、a decrease of（…… 的减少）
近义词：reduce/lower
反义词：increase/rise
cortisol / k t s l/ n. 皮质醇 短语：cortisol level（皮质醇水平）
知识拓展：皮质醇是一种压力激素，可调节身体对压力的反应
hormone / h m n/ n. 激素；荷尔蒙 短语：stress hormone（压力激素）、sex hormone（性激素）
hormonal（adj. 激素的）
translate /tr ns le t/ v. 转变；翻译；转化 translation（n. 翻译）、translator（n. 翻译者）
短语：translate into（转化为）、translate from（从…… 翻译）
productivity / pr d k t v ti/ n. 生产力；生产效率 productive（adj. 多产的）、product（n. 产品）
短语：workplace productivity（工作场所生产率）
sick leave 病假 短语：be on sick leave（在休病假）
take a sick leave(请病假)
beat yourself up 自责；过分苛责自己
sustain /s ste n/ v. 维持；支撑 sustainable（adj. 可持续的） sustainability(n.持续性，能维持性，永续性) 短语：sustain life（维持生命）、sustain development（可持续发展）
tend /tend/ v. 照料；倾向于 tendency（n. 趋势,倾向）
短语：tend to（倾向于；照料）、tend towards（趋向）
invest / n vest/ v. 投入；投资 investment（n. 投资）、investor（n. 投资者）
短语：invest in（投资于）、invest time in（投入时间）be invested in sth./doing sth.（投入时间、精力等；专注于；热衷于）
二、单句语法填空
1.“People ________ live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says
2. She was flooded, ___________(ship) out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone.
3.Her success is just one example of increased time at home ________(lead) to an explosion in the houseplant industry.
4.“Plants are_____ fashion right now,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida.
5. “________(Add) more nature to our environment can change our mood and ________ we think.”
6.“Students who are around plants perform better ____________(academic) than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth.
7. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice _______takes to sustain a plant.
答案：1.who2.shipping3.leading4. in5.Adding;how6.academically7.it
三、长难句分析及翻译
句子 翻译 句子分析
Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. 她的成功只是一个例子，说明人们居家时间增加，进而引发了室内植物行业的蓬勃发展 。 句子主干：“Her success is just one example”（她的成功只是一个例子 ）；“of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry” 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 “example” ，其中 “leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry” 是现在分词短语，作 “increased time at home” 的结果状语 ，说明居家时间增加带来的结果 。
If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. 如果你属于那些因身边有植物相伴而享受身心健康益处的人群，要是有一株（或几株！）植物没存活下来，别自责 。 句子主干：前半部分是条件状语从句 “If you’re among the groups of people...”，后半部分是主句 “don’t beat yourself up...” ；
在条件状语从句里，“who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants” 是定语从句，修饰 “people” ，说明是 “享受植物相伴带来身心健康益处的人群” ；
主句中又包含一个条件状语从句 “if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it” ，“make it” 此处指植物存活下来 。
“Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. “医生行医，律师执业，而你也应该允许自己通过实践去学习如何养护一株植物 。 句子主干：由三个并列部分组成，“Doctors practice medicine”（医生行医 ）、“lawyers practice law”（律师执业 ）、“you should allow yourself the practice...”（你应该允许自己实践…… ） ；
“it takes to sustain a plant” 是定语从句，修饰 “practice” ，说明是 “养护植物所需的实践” ，省略了关系代词 “that/which” 。
Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says. “用心照料它，但如果它死了，就再去买一株新的，” 德特里尼达说 。 句子主干：由并列连词 “but” 连接的两个祈使句及条件状语从句组成 ；
“Be invested in taking care of it”（用心照料它 ）是第一个祈使句；
“if it dies, go get another one” 中，“if it dies” 是条件状语从句，“go get another one” 是第二个祈使句
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过Detrinidad的创业经历和专家研究，说明室内植物对人们心理健康和工作效率的积极影响，以及近年来居家趋势推动了室内植物产业的发展。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. (当Sonja Detrinidad开设她的网店售卖室内植物时，她并没有抱太大的期望。但结果却恰恰相反：订单如潮水般涌来，仅在2020年6月就寄出了1200份订单)”可知，Sonja Detrinidad刚开始开网店卖室内植物时，并没有抱太大希望，但实际情况是订单很多，生意出奇地好。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.”(Knuth表示：“身处植物周围的学生，其学业表现比在没有植物的教室里的学生更出色。这种效率提升同样适用于成年人的工作场合。我们的研究显示，在植物丰富的工作环境中，人们的病假率降低了 30%。”)”可知，Knuth的研究发现，接触植物的学生学业表现更好，成年人在植物丰富的工作环境中生产率提高，病假率降低，因此，“植物能提升生产率”是她的发现之一。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says. (Detrinidad说：“医生需要不断实践医术，律师需要持续精进法律实务，而养护植物同样需要给自己练习的机会。照料植物是一种培养耐心和学习的过程。要用心呵护它，但如果它枯萎了，就再养一株新的。”)”可知，Detrinidad通过类比医生和律师需要不断实践来强调“照顾植物需要反复尝试”。她认为养植物失败是正常的，重要的是持续努力。由此推断，她提到医生和律师是为了解释“重复努力的重要性”。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段以Detrinidad的成功为例引出室内植物行业的兴起，第二段至第三段通过Knuth的研究说明植物能通过降低皮质醇水平改善心情、提升生产率，第四段鼓励人们尝试养植物。全文核心围绕“植物对情绪和健康的积极影响”展开。选项B“Plants Boost Your Mood (植物改善你的情绪)”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选B。
D
Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food Mine does. Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time.
Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing. But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu to exclusively (专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away.
For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad. Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.
A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out. Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion.
It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine.
Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything.
12. What can be inferred about the author’s early life
A. He witnessed food shortage. B. He enjoyed the local cuisine.
C. He donated food to Africans. D. He helped to cook at home.
13. Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment
A. To customize dishes for guests. B. To make the public aware of food waste.
C. To test a food processing method. D. To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems.
14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Why the ingredients were used. B. Which dishes were best liked.
C. What the dishes were made of. D. Where the ingredients were bought.
15. What can we learn about wastED
A. It has ended as planned. B. It is creating new jobs.
C. It has regained popularity. D. It is criticized by top chefs.
一、重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展
单词 / 短语 音标 词义 知识拓展
soul /s l/ n. 灵魂；心灵；精神 soulless（adj. 没有灵魂的；缺乏精神的）
短语：soul mate（灵魂伴侣）、heart and soul（全心全意）
starve /stɑ v/ v. （使）挨饿；饿死；渴望 starvation（n. 饥饿；挨饿）
短语：starve to death（饿死）、starve for（渴望）
reminder /r ma nd (r)/ n. 起提醒作用的东西；提醒人的事物 remind（v. 提醒；使想起）
短语：a reminder of（…… 的提醒）
concern /k n s n/ n. 担心；忧虑；关心的事；v. 涉及；使担忧 concerned（adj. 担心的；有关的）、concerning（prep. 关于；就…… 而言）
短语：show concern for（对…… 表示关心）、as far as...be concerned（就…… 而言）
exclusively / k sklu s vli/ adv. 专门地；排他地；独占地 exclusive（adj. 独有的；排外的）、exclusion（n. 排除；排斥）
短语：exclusively for（专门为……）
otherwise / wa z/ adv. 否则；另外；在其他方面，以其他方式 短语：or otherwise（或相反；或其他情况）
skate /ske t/ n. 鳐鱼；滑冰鞋；v. 滑冰 skater（n. 滑冰者）、skating（n. 滑冰运动）
短语：skate on（在…… 上滑冰）、skateboard（n. 滑板）
cartilage / kɑ t l d / n. 软骨
pulp /p lp/ n. 果肉；果泥；纸浆；v. 使成浆状 短语：fruit pulp（果肉）、paper pulp（纸浆）、pulp fiction（低俗小说）
pulpy（adj. 果肉状的；多果肉的）
dumpster / d mpst r/ n. （户外）大型垃圾桶 短语：dumpster diving（翻垃圾桶找可用之物）
tailor-made / te l me d/ adj. 特制的；量身定制的 tailor（v. 定制；裁剪；n. 裁缝）
短语：tailor-made for（为…… 量身定制）
awareness / we n s/ n. 知道；意识 aware（adj. 意识到的；知道的）
短语：raise awareness（提高意识）、environmental awareness（环保意识）
regarding /r ɡɑ rd / prep. 关于；至于 短语：regarding sth.（关于某事）
近义词：about、concerning、as for
determine /d t rm n/ v. 确定；决定；查明 determined（adj. 坚定的；坚决的）、determination（n. 决心；决定）
短语：determine to do sth.（决定做某事）、determine on/upon（决定；选定）
average / v r d / n. 平均数；平均水平；adj. 平均的；普通的；v. 平均为 短语：on average（平均而言）、average out（算出平均数）、above/below average（高于 / 低于平均水平）
averagely（adv. 平均地；一般地）
revenue / rev nju / n.税收, 财政收入, 收益 revenuer（n. 税务官员；税收人员）
短语：annual revenue（年度收入）、revenue stream（收入来源）
donate /do ne t/ v. 捐赠；捐献 donation（n. 捐赠；捐赠物）、donor（n. 捐赠者；献血者）
短语：donate to（向…… 捐赠）、donate blood（献血）、donate money（捐款）
recycle / ri sa kl/ v. 回收利用；再循环 recycling（n. 回收利用）、recyclable（adj. 可回收的）
短语：recycle waste（回收废弃物）、recycle paper（回收纸张）、recycle bin（回收站）
garbage / ɡɑ rb d / n. 垃圾；废物 短语：garbage can（垃圾桶）、garbage truck（垃圾车）
近义词：rubbish、trash
ingredient / n ɡri di nt/ n. （烹饪的）原料；成分；要素 短语：key ingredient（关键原料）、natural ingredient（天然成分）、main ingredient（主要成分）
produce / prɑ du s/（n.）
/pr du s/（v.） n. 农产品；产品
v. 生产；制造；产生 product（n. 产品；制品）、production（n. 生产；产量）
re-appropriate / ri pro prie t/ v. 重新分配；再利用 re-appropriation（n. 重新分配；再利用）
短语：re-appropriate resources（重新分配资源）、re-appropriate funds（重新调配资金）
cuisine /kw zi n/ n. 烹饪；菜肴；风味 短语：local cuisine（地方风味）、vegetarian cuisine（素食）
enthusiastic / n θju zi st k/ adj. 热情的；热心的 enthusiasm（n. 热情；热忱）、enthusiastically（adv. 热情地）
短语：be enthusiastic about（对…… 热情）、enthusiastic support（热情支持）
short-lived / rt l vd/ adj. 短暂的；短命的 短语：a short-lived career（短暂的职业生涯）、short-lived success（短暂的成功）
since /s ns/ prep. 自…… 以来；conj. 因为；既然；adv. 此后 短语：ever since（从那时起）、since then（从那以后）
nevertheless / nev r les/ adv. 然而；不过；尽管如此 近义词：however、nonetheless、still
address / dres/ v. 处理；解决；演讲；n. 地址；演讲 addressee（n. 收件人）、addresser（n. 发件人）
短语：address a problem（处理问题）、address an audience（向听众演讲）、email address（电子邮件地址）
sustainability /s ste n b l ti/ n. 可持续性；持续性 sustainable（adj. 可持续的）、sustain（v. 维持；支撑）
单句语法填空
1.Maybe that feeling comes from ______ (grow) up in South Africa, _________the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time.
2.From technological solutions ______ educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways ______ (use) more of what we’re already growing.
3.A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% ______ (donate) or recycled.
4.Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero - waste systems, but wastED took the concept to ______ (it) logical conclusion.
5.Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider ______ (serve).
6.Nevertheless, it serves _______ a reminder that there are many ways ______ (address) problems of sustainability...
答案：1.growing;where 2.to;to use3.is donated4.its5.serving6.as;to address
三、长难句分析及翻译
句子 翻译 句子分析
Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. 也许那种感受源于在南非的成长经历，在那里，“非洲有孩子在挨饿” 这句话与其说是晚餐时的祈祷，不如说是对事实令人不安的提醒 。 句子主干：“Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa”（也许那种感受源于在南非的成长经历 ）；
“where the phrase...at dinner time” 是定语从句，修饰 “South Africa” ，在该从句中，“there are children starving in Africa” 是 phrase 的同位语，“more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time” 是比较结构
From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing. 从技术解决方案到教育宣传活动，食品生产商和销售商正在寻找方法，以更多地利用我们已经种植的（农产品） 。 句子主干：“food producers and sellers are looking for ways”（食品生产商和销售商正在寻找方法 ）；
“From technological solutions to educational campaigns” 是介词短语作状语，表范围 ；
“to use more of what we’re already growing” 是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰 “ways” ，其中 “what we’re already growing” 是宾语从句，作 “of” 的宾语 。
A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. 食品浪费联盟的一项研究确定，平均每家餐厅每实现 1000 美元收入，就会产生 33 磅食物浪费，而在这些浪费中，只有 15.7% 被捐赠或回收利用 。 句子主干：“A study...determined that...”（一项研究确定…… ）；
“by the Food Waste Alliance” 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 “study” ；
第一个 “that” 引导宾语从句，该从句包含 “for every $1,000 in revenue” 这一状语；
“and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled” 与前面的宾语从句并列，“of that waste” 是介词短语作状语，修饰 “only 15.7% is donated or recycled” 。
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物浪费问题，并以纽约一家餐厅的短期实验项目“wastED”为例，该餐厅通过创意改造本该被丢弃的食材制作菜品，以此提高人们对可持续饮食的关注。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. (这种感觉或许源于在南非的成长经历 —— 在那里，“非洲还有孩子在挨饿” 这句话与其说是晚餐时的祈祷，不如说是对现实令人不安的提醒)” 可知，作者在南非长大，那里有孩子挨饿是事实，由此可推断作者早年目睹了食物短缺的情况。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. (每道菜都是量身定制的，以提高人们对食物浪费的认识)”可知，Blue Hill餐厅进行这个实验，将菜单改为只提供原本会被扔掉的食物，是为了提高公众对食物浪费的认识。故选B。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. (值得注意的是，从技术上讲，wastED的菜单上没有一项是由垃圾制成的。相反，所有使用的食材都是大多数餐馆永远不会考虑供应的肉类部位和农产品。羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等东西都被重新利用，在许多优秀厨师的助力下，变成了美味的菜肴)”可知，本段主要介绍了wastED菜单上的菜品所用的配料，如羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等，所以本段主要讲的是这些菜肴是由什么做成的。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. (尽管 wastED 餐厅收获了热烈的评价，但它从一开始就被设计为短期实验项目；此后，Blue Hill 餐厅已回归常规菜单)”可知，wastED从一开始就被设计为短期实验，现在餐厅已恢复常规菜单，从而推断，实验项目“wastED”已经按计划结束了。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults ___16___ You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
●You’ll feel like you have more time.
People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. ___17___
●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly.
___18___ Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives.
● ___19___
Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come.
●You’ll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. ___20___ Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
A. Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展
单词 / 短语 音标 词义 知识拓展
volunteering / v l n t r / n. 志愿活动；志愿服务
v. 自愿做；义务做 volunteer（n. 志愿者；v. 自愿）、voluntary（adj. 自愿的）
benefit / ben f t/ n. 益处；好处
v. 有益于；对…… 有好处 beneficial（adj. 有益的）、beneficially（adv. 有益地）
短语：benefit from、for the benefit of
affect / fekt/ v. 影响；使改变看法 affective（adj. 情感的）
短语：be affected by、affect sth.
近义词：influence、impact
community /k mju n ti/ n. 社区；群落；共同体 短语：community service、community center
cause /k z/ n. 事业；原因v. 导致；引起
regularly / reɡj l li/ adv. 定期地；有规律地 regular（adj. 定期的）、regularity（n. 规律性）
短语：exercise regularly、meet regularly
maintain /me n te n/ v. 维持；保持；保养 maintenance（n. 维护）、maintainable（adj. 可维持的）
physical / f z kl/ adj. 身体的；物理的；实物的 physics（n. 物理学）、physically（adv. 身体上）
lifelong / la fl / adj. 终身的；毕生的 短语：lifelong learning、lifelong friend
teenage / ti ne d / adj. 青少年的（13-19 岁） teenager（n. 青少年）、teen（n. 青少年，口语）
link /l k/ v. 连接；联系
n. 纽带；链接 linkage（n. 联系）、linked（adj. 连接的）
短语：link to
近义词：connect、associate
effect / fekt/ n. 效果；影响
v. 产生；实现 affect（v. 影响）、effective（adj. 有效的）
短语：have an effect、in effect(有效, 实际上，事实上)
self-confidence / self k nf d ns/ n. 自信；自信心 self-confident（adj. 自信的）
短语：build self-confidence、lack self-confidence
prove /pru v/ v. 证明；证实；展现 proof（n. 证据）、proven（adj. 被证实的）
短语：prove to be
well-being / wel bi / n. 幸福；安康；福祉
unique /ju ni k/ adj. 独特的；独一无二的 uniqueness（n. 独特性）
短语：unique experience、unique feature
近义词：distinctive、special
depression /d pre n/ n. 抑郁；沮丧；萧条 depressed（adj. 抑郁的）、depressing（adj. 令人沮丧的）
短语：suffer from depression、economic depression
prejudice / pred d s/ n. 偏见；歧视
v. 使有成见 prejudiced（adj. 有偏见的）
短语：break down prejudice、racial prejudice(种族偏见)
近义词：bias(n.偏见, 偏好; v.使偏向)、discrimination(n.区别对待, 歧视, 区别)
capable / ke p bl/ adj. 有能力的；能胜任的 capability（n. 能力）、capably（adv. 能干地）
短语：be capable of有能力做
inspire / n spa (r)/ v. 激励；鼓舞；赋予灵感 inspiration（n. 灵感） 短语：inspire sb. to do sth.激励某人做某事、inspire creativity激发创造力
近义词：motivate、encourage
单句语法填空
Hoping to find a hobby that can ________(share) by both the little ones and adults
___16___ You may know the “feel-good” emotions __________come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways _________(volunteer)will positively affect the whole family.
Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually ________(make) you feel like you have more of it.
Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused _____ adding physical activity into their lives.
5. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved _________( affect) a teen’s well-being in the years to come.
6.Families ________ volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal.
答案：1.be shared2.that ;volunteering 3.makes4.on5.to affect6.who
三、长难句分析及翻译
句子 翻译 句子分析
You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family. 你可能知道帮助他人所带来的那种 “愉悦感” 情绪，但志愿服务还会以更多意想不到的方式对整个家庭产生积极影响 。 句子主干：由 “but” 连接的两个并列分句组成，前一分句 “You may know the ‘feel-good’ emotions...” ，后一分句 “there are even more unexpected ways...” ；
前一分句中，“that come with helping others” 是定语从句，修饰 “emotions” ，说明是 “帮助他人带来的情绪” ；
后一分句里，“volunteering will positively affect the whole family” 是定语从句，修饰 “ways” ，省略了关系词 “that” ，解释是 “志愿服务对整个家庭产生积极影响的方式” 。
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍家庭共同参与志愿活动带来的意外好处，包括感觉时间更充裕、促进身体健康、对青少年产生长远积极影响以及增进家庭互动等。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults (你在寻找让家人团聚的方法吗？希望找到一个大人和小孩都能参与的爱好吗)”可知，此处以提问方式引出家庭共同活动的需求，空格处需给出解决方案。B选项“Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. (全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的)”中的“Volunteering as a family”直接回应“bring your family together”和“shared hobby”，引出下文对家庭志愿活动好处的具体说明，符合语境。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据段落主题句“You’ll feel like you have more time. (你会觉得自己有更多时间)”及上文“Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. (然而，研究发现，把时间投入到社区事业中实际上会让你觉得自己拥有更多时间)”可推知，设空处需解释“感觉时间更多”的原因。G选项“Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. (志愿活动让你感觉有能力，并激励你充分利用每一天)”中的“makes you feel capable”和“inspires you to make the most of each day”从心理层面解释了为何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉，与“feel like you have more time”形成因果关联。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. (华盛顿大学研究发现，55 岁及以上的成年人中，参与志愿服务的人群比同龄人拥有更优的记忆力，且能更长久地维持整体健康状态)”可知，本段聚焦志愿活动对成年人身体健康的益处。E选项“For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. (对成年人来说，志愿活动可以带来显著的身体健康益处)”中的“For adults”对应“adults 55 and older”，“physical health benefits”概括了“better memory”和“maintained overall health”，与本段的主题吻合。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect teen’s well-being in the years to come. (青少年时期参与志愿服务已被证实与一些重要的积极影响相关，例如成绩提升和自信心增强。这些影响并非只是短期的，而是已被证明会在未来数年持续影响青少年的身心健康)”可知，本段主题为志愿活动对青少年的长期影响。C选项“Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. (志愿活动对儿童和青少年有终身影响)”中的“lifelong effect”对应“affect teen’s well-being in the years to come”，“on kids and teenagers”覆盖段落讨论的年龄群体，符合段落主旨。故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. (一起做志愿者的家庭有朝着共同目标努力的独特经历)”及下文“Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. (每个人都能带来独特的东西，并能以新的方式相互联系)”可推知，设空处需补充家庭志愿活动中成员间的具体互动。F选项“You may even learn that your kid has talent you didn’t know about before. (你甚至可能会发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋)”中的“learn that your kid has talent”体现“Everyone brings something unique”，且“in a new way”对应“发现孩子未知天赋”的新颖体验，衔接上下文。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to ___21___ seven years ago after having a ___22___ call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which ___23___ led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a ___24___. Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a ___25___ lifestyle, before discovering a ___26___ for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the ___27___ lover has not only managed to ___28___ an impressive set of muscles — but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no ___29___ others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a ___30___ to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “___31___ others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when ___32___.” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the ___33___ is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the ___34___ wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an ___35___ for many social media users.
21. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recover
22. A. goodwill B. timeout C. long-distance D. wake-up
23. A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically
24. A. change B. fortune C. wish D. deal
25. A. risky B. traditional C. comfortable D. healthy
26. A. demand B. secret C. passion D. cure
27. A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature
28. A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax
29. A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference
30. A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone
31. A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive
32. A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated
33. A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost
34. A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters
35. A. authority B. excuse C. inspiration D. option
一、重点单词、短语及相关知识拓展
单词 / 短语 音标 词义 知识拓展
work out / w k a t/ v. 锻炼；健身；解决；算出 workout（n. 锻炼；训练）
短语：work out a problem、work out at the gym
eating disorder / i t d s d (r)/ n. 饮食失调；进食障碍 disorder（n. 失调；紊乱；v. 使失调）
health issue / helθ u / n. 健康问题 issue（n. 问题；议题；v. 发行；发布）
短语：solve health issues、major health issues
surgery / s d ri/ n. 外科手术；外科；手术室 surgeon（n. 外科医生）、surgical（adj. 外科的）
turn around / t n ra nd/ v. 使好转；扭转 turnaround（n. 转变；好转）
短语：turn one's life around(改变人生)、turn the situation around(扭转局面)
lifestyle / la fsta l/ n. 生活方式 短语：healthy lifestyle、modern lifestyle
weightlifting / we tl ft / n. 举重；重量训练 weightlifter（n. 举重运动员）
短语：weightlifting competition、weightlifting training
set out / set a t/ v. 出发；开始；陈述 Set out（出发；启程；（怀着目标）开始工作）
muscle / m sl/ n. 肌肉；体力 muscular（adj. 肌肉的）
短语：build muscle(增肌)、muscle strength(肌力)
following / f l / n. 追随者；adj. 下列的 follow（v. 跟随）、follower（n. 追随者）
短语：a huge following(大批追随者)、the following steps(以下步骤)
content / k ntent/ n. 内容；目录 content（adj. 满意的） to one's heart's content心满意足
well-liked / wel la kt/ adj. 受欢迎的；受喜爱的
all down to / l da n tu / 完全归因于；取决于 短语：It's all down to hard work.
近义词：due to、attributable to
aspect / spekt/ n. 方面；层面 短语：every aspect of life（生活的方方面面）、key aspect
failure / fe lj (r)/ n. 失败；故障 fail（v. 失败）、failed（adj. 失败的）
短语：failure is the mother of success；system failure（系统故障，系统损坏）
stick to / st k tu / v. 坚持；粘住 sticky（adj. 粘的）
短语：stick to one's dream、stick to the plan
lift up / l ft p/ v. 举起；鼓舞 lift（v. 举起；n. 电梯）
短语：lift up one's spirits、lift up a heavy box
近义词：cheer up
previously / pri vi sli/ adv. 以前；先前 previous（adj. 先前的）
amazing / me z / adj. 令人惊奇的 amaze（v. 使惊奇）、amazed（adj. 惊奇的）
短语：an amazing achievement、amazing scenery
近义词：astonishing、wonderful
recover /r k v (r)/ v. 恢复；复原 recovery（n. 恢复）
短语：recover from an illness、recover lost data（恢复丢失的数据）
goodwill / ɡ d w l/ n. 善意；友好
timeout / ta ma t/ n. 暂停；休息时间，超时
long-distance / l d st ns/ adj. 长途的；长距离的 短语：long-distance call（长途电话）、long-distance running（长跑）
distant（adj.遥远的，久远的, 远亲的, 冷淡的, 恍惚的）
wake-up / we k p/ n. 唤醒；警报
normally / n m li/ adv. 正常地；通常地 normal（adj. 正常的）、normality（n. 常态）
ultimately / lt m tli/ adv. 最终；根本 ultimate（adj. 最终的）
近义词：finally、eventually
suddenly / s d nli/ adv. 突然；忽然 sudden（adj. 突然的）、suddenness（n. 突然）
短语：all of a sudden
automatically / t m t kli/ adv. 自动地；机械地 automatic（adj. 自动的）、automation（n. 自动化）
fortune / f t u n/ n. 财富；命运 fortunate（adj. 幸运的）、fortunately（adv. 幸运地）
短语：make a fortune(赚大钱, 发财)、by fortune(靠运气)
demand /d mɑ nd/ n. 需求；v. 强烈要求 demanding（adj. 要求高的）
短语：meet the demand、demand for sth.
近义词：requirement、need
passion / p n/ n. 酷爱；强烈情感 passionate（adj. 热情的）
短语：have a passion for
cure /kj (r)/ v. 治愈；n. 药物 curable（adj. 可治愈的）、cure-all（n. 万灵药）
短语：cure a disease、a cure for cancer(癌症的治疗方法)
fitness / f tn s/ n. 健康；适合 fit（adj. 健康的）
短语：physical fitness、fitness center
近义词：health、well-being
activate / kt ve t/ v. 使活动；激活 activation（n. 激活）、active（adj. 积极的）
road block / r d bl k/ n. 路障；障碍 block（n.一块，一批, 立方体, 大楼, 街区, 一片土地, 障碍（物），拦截; v.堵塞，挡住, 妨碍, 拦截）
近义词：obstacle、barrier
passing mark / pɑ s mɑ k/ n. 及格分数 pass（v. 通过）、mark（n. 分数）
短语：reach the passing mark
stepping stone / step st n/ n. 垫脚石；手段 step（v. 跨步）、stone（n. 石头）
短语：a stepping stone to success(通向成功的垫脚石)
consult /k n s lt/ v. 咨询；请教 consultant（n. 顾问）、consultation（n. 咨询）
authority / θ r ti/ n. 权威；权力 authorize（v. 批准）
option / p n/ n. 选择；选择权 optional（adj. 可选择的）
短语：have no option but to、multiple options(多个选项)
近义词：choice、alternative
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，消除网络质疑的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. write写作；B. travel旅行；C. exercise锻炼；D. recover康复。根据下文的“ Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out...”可知，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. goodwill善意、友好；B. timeout超时；C. long-distance长途；D. wake-up唤醒。结合语境，再根据后文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可推知，此处指这是一次“警醒”老奶奶的经历。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争，最终导致她接受了手术。A. normally通常；B. ultimately最终；C. suddenly突然；D. automatically自动地。根据上文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”以及下文“led her to getting surgery”可推知，此处指健康问题最终导致手术。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那次经历之后，她知道她需要做出改变。A. change改变；B. fortune幸运；C. wish愿望；D. deal交易。根据上文“led her to getting surgery”及后文“turn her life around”可推知，此处指她经历过手术后领悟到了自己需要改变。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. risky有风险的；B. traditional传统的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out”可推知，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. demand要求；B. secret秘密；C. passion激情，热情；D. cure疗法、药物。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 5 lifestyle”以及下文的“for weightlifting”可推知，此处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passion for sth.意为“对某事充满热情”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. peace和平；B. fitness健身；C. fun乐趣；D. nature自然。根据下文“workout content”可推知，此处指她是健身爱好者。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grow形成，产生；B. control控制；C. activate激活；D. relax放松。根据下文“an impressive set of muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好。A. need需要；B. choice选择；C. reason理由；D. difference差异。根据上文“no”以及下文“others can’t look this good”可推知，此处指她认为自己可以做到，没有理由别人不能做到。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词短语辨析。句意：坚持下去：把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石，永不放弃。A. green light绿灯；B. road block路障；C. passing mark通过标志；D. stepping stone踏脚石。结合语境，再根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 9 others can’t look this good.”和“failure as a”以及下文“to success”可推知，此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人：在你的旅程中激励他人。A. Help帮助；B. Consult咨询；C. Follow遵循；D. Forgive原谅。根据下文“Lift others up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享成功更甜蜜。A. accepted接受；B. shared共享；C. expected期待；D. celebrated庆祝。根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no ___9___ others can’t look this good.”可知，这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好，由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她此前曾解释道：“你无需拥有完美身材才能锻炼……锻炼的目标是让自己感觉良好，而非看起来好看。”A. goal目标；B. case案例；C. duty责任；D. cost成本。根据上文“you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise”以及下文“is to feel good, not look good.”可推知，此处指运动的目标是感觉良好。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. instructors讲师；B. admirers管理员；C. beginners初学者；D. doubters持怀疑态度的人。根据上文“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the”以及下文“wrong in the best possible way”可推知，此处指Donohue女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. authority权威；B. excuse借口；C. inspiration灵感；D. option选项。根据语境以及下文“or many social media users”可知，一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，这对其他人来说就是励志的典范，由此可知，此处指她成为许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题15分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____37____ (center) heating doesn’t exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me ____38____ this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt ____39____ learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found ____40____ (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____41____ (be) one of them.
Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____42____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____43____ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____44____ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____45____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
单词 / 短语 音标 词义 知识拓展
free - range /fri re nd / （家禽）自由放养的 短语：free - range chicken（散养鸡 ）
adapt / d pt/ v. 使适应；改编 adaptation（n. 适应；改编本 ），adaptable（adj. 有适应能力的 ），adaptively（adv. 适应性地 ）； 短语：adapt to（适应 ），adapt oneself to（使自己适应 ）；近义词 / 同义词：adjust（调整；适应 ）
Over time 随着时间的推移；久而久之
extremely / k stri mli/ adv. 极其；非常 extreme（adj. 极端的；n. 极端 ），extremeness（n. 极端性 ）； 短语：extremely important（极其重要 ），extremely difficult（极其困难 ）
feel at home /fi l t h m/ 感觉自在；无拘束 短语：make sb. feel at home（让某人感觉自在 ）
at times / t ta mz/ 有时；间或
scent /sent/ n. 气味；香味；v. 察觉到；闻到 scented（adj. 有香味的 ），scentless（adj. 无气味的 ）；短语：scent of flowers（花香 ），scent out（嗅出；发现 ）；
freshly / fre li/ adv. 新近；刚刚；新鲜地 fresh（adj. 新鲜的；n. 淡水 ），freshness（n. 新鲜；新颖 ）； 短语：freshly baked（刚烤好的 ），freshly cut（刚切割的 ）
clothesline / kl zla n/ n. 晒衣绳 短语：hang on the clothesline（挂在晒衣绳上 ）
deny /d na / v. 否认；拒绝给予 denial（n. 否认；拒绝 ），deniable（adj. 可否认的 ）；短语：deny doing sth.（否认做某事 ），deny sb. sth.（拒绝给予某人某物 ）
entire / n ta (r)/ adj. 全部的；整个的 entirely（adv. 完全地；全部地 ），entirety（n. 全部；整体 ）； 短语：entire life（一生；整个生命 ），entire family（全家 ）； 近义词 / 同义词：whole（整个的；全部的 ），complete（完整的；全部的 ）
miss out on /m s a t n/ 错过；错失（机会等 ） 短语：miss out on opportunities（错过机会 ）；
【答案】36. where
37. central
38. for 39. and
40 myself 41. is
42. to discover
43. absence
44. afternoons
45. left
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从美国到中国浙江农村生活的经历与感受。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里
