Unit 1 This is me 词汇拆解解学案(练习题+答案解析)【外研版2024英语八年级英语上册】

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名称 Unit 1 This is me 词汇拆解解学案(练习题+答案解析)【外研版2024英语八年级英语上册】
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/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
Unit 1 This is me重要词汇用法解析
内容提要:
词汇用法讲解
重点短语归纳
分类记忆拓展
词汇巩固练习题
练习题答案解析
一、核心单词讲解
1. suppose /s p z/ v. 假设,认为
常用搭配:suppose sb. to be 认为某人是……;
suppose + that 从句 假设……
例句:I suppose everyone has something they don't like about themselves.
(课文第 1 段)我认为每个人都有自己不喜欢的地方。
易错提示:否定前移
例:(I don't suppose he will come.)
我想他不会来了。
birthmark / b θmɑ k/ n. 胎记,胎痣
常用搭配:have a birthmark 有胎记;
a birthmark on the face 脸上的胎记
例句:For me, it was the birthmark on my face.
(课文第 1 段)对我来说,那是我脸上的胎记。
拓展:合成词(birth + mark)
3.secretly / si kr tli/ adv. 暗自、秘密地
常用搭配:look at sb. secretly 偷偷看某人;
do sth. secretly 秘密做某事
例句:Sometimes, I felt people secretly looking at my face.
(课文第 2 段)有时,我觉得人们暗自看我的脸。
词形变化:secret(adj. 秘密的)+ ly(副词后缀)
4.crowded / kra d d/ adj. 挤满人 (物) 的;拥挤的
常用搭配:a crowded bus 拥挤的公交车;
be crowded with 挤满……
例句:On crowded buses and trains, it felt just like a disaster.
(课文第 2 段)在拥挤的公交车和火车上,感觉就像一场灾难。
反义词:empty(adj. 空的)
5.disaster /d zɑ st (r)/ n. 灾难,灾祸
常用搭配:natural disaster 自然灾害;
cause a disaster 造成灾难
例句:On crowded buses and trains, it felt just like a disaster.
(课文第 2 段)在拥挤的公交车和火车上,感觉就像一场灾难。
复数:disasters
6.therefore / e f (r)/ adv. 因此,由此,所以
常用搭配:therefore + 句子 因此……
例句:Therefore, I always kept my hair long to cover it until that day.
(课文第 2 段)因此,我总是留长头发来遮住它,直到那一天。
辨析:therefore(书面语)vs so(口语)
7.instead / n sted/ adv. 代替;而不是……
常用搭配:instead of + n./doing 代替……;而不是……
例句:Instead of looking away, Maddie studied my face.
(课文第 3 段)Maddie 没有移开视线,而是仔细看我的脸。
注意:单独使用时位于句末或句首
8.although / l / conj. 虽然,尽管
常用搭配:although + 句子 虽然……
例句:Although I only replied "thank you", it turned sunny in my heart.
(课文第 4 段)虽然我只回答了 “谢谢”,但我的心里却阳光明媚。
易错:不能与 but 连用
9.truly / tru li/ adv. 真实地,确实地
常用搭配:truly sorry 真心抱歉;
truly believe 确实相信
例句:The shape of it was truly like a flower.
(课文第 5 段)它的形状确实像一朵花。
词形变化:true(adj. 真实的)+ ly(副词后缀)
10.difference / d fr ns/ n. 差别,差异
常用搭配:make a difference 有影响;
the difference between A and B A 与 B 的区别
例句:Everyone has something special and different - that is what's interesting. (课文第 6 段)每个人都有特别和不同的地方 —— 这就是有趣的地方。
词形变化:different(adj. 不同的)
10.wise /wa z/ adj. 明智的,明断的
,聪明的
常用搭配:a wise decision 明智的决定;
be wise to do sth. 做某事是明智的
例句:You can use examples of successful people and their sayings to support your idea. The results of scientific studies can also help you make wise decisions.(课文 Learning to think 部分)你可以用成功人士的例子和他们的名言来支持你的想法。科学研究的结果也可以帮助你做出明智的决定。
词形变化:wisely(adv. 明智地)
11.underline / nd la n/ v. 在…… 之下划线,强调
常用搭配:underline sth. 在…… 下划线
词形变化:under(在…… 下)+ line(线)
拓展:表示 “强调” 时 = emphasize
12.row /r / n. 一排,一行,一列
常用搭配:in a row 连续;
the last row 最后一排
例句:Now at junior high, I'm still in the last row.
(课文 Grammar 部分)现在上初中,我仍然在最后一排。
13.reach /ri t / v. 伸;伸手 (以触碰或提起某物)
,到达
常用搭配:reach for sth. 伸手去够某物;
reach + 地点 到达某地
例句:and I can help others reach things down.
(课文 Grammar 部分)我可以帮助别人把东西拿下来。
辨析:reach(及物动词)vs arrive(不及物,+ in/at)
14.height /ha t/ n. 身高;高,高度
常用搭配:at a height of... 高度为……;
one's height 某人的身高
例句:I couldn't accept my height, but I learn to do it now.
(课文 Grammar 部分)我以前不能接受我的身高,但现在我学会了接受。
词形变化:high(adj. 高的)
15.willing / w l / adj. 愿意 (乐意)(做某事) 的
常用搭配:be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事
例句:...people are always willing to help.
(课文 Useful expressions 部分)…… 人们总是愿意帮忙。
词形变化:will(n. 意愿)+ ing
16.literature / l tr t (r)/ n. 文学;文学作品
常用搭配:works of literature 文学作品;
English literature 英国文学
例句:Many works of literature have described characters in search of their values.
(课文 Developing ideas 部分)许多文学作品都描述了寻找自身价值的人物。
注意:不可数名词
17.search /s t / n. 寻找;搜寻
V.寻找;搜寻
常用搭配:in search of 寻找;
search for 搜寻
例句:Many works of literature have described characters in search of their values.
(课文 Developing ideas 部分)许多文学作品都描述了寻找自身价值的人物。
辨析:search for sth.(寻找某物)vs search sth.(搜查某地)
18.value / v lju / n. 价值
常用搭配:in search of their values 寻找他们的价值;
the value of life 生命的价值
例句:Many works of literature have described characters in search of their values.
(课文 Developing ideas 部分)许多文学作品都描述了寻找自身价值的人物。
词形变化:valuable(adj. 有价值的)
19.wizard / w z d/ n. 男巫, 巫师
常用搭配:the Great Wizard Oz 奥兹大法师
例句:To get home, she must find a wizard.
(课文 Developing ideas 部分)为了回家,她必须找到一个巫师。
20.friendship / frend p/ n. 友谊,友情
常用搭配:build friendship 建立友谊;
true friendship 真正的友谊
词形变化:friend(n. 朋友)+ ship(表关系)
21.basic / be s k/ adj. 基础的,基本的
常用搭配:basic information 基本信息;
basic skills 基本技能
例句:Listening for a book's basic information
(课文 Learning to learn 部分)聆听一本书的基本信息
词形变化:base(n. 基础)+ ic
message / mes d / n. 主题思想,信息
常用搭配:the main message 主旨;
send a message 传递信息
例句:listen for the book's name, writer, type of book, message, plot, characters and setting.
(课文 Learning to learn 部分)聆听书的名称、作者、书籍类型、主题思想、情节、人物和背景。
注意:可指 “寓意” 或 “短信”
setting / set / n. (书、影片等中情节发生的) 背景
常用搭配:the setting of the story 故事的背景;
historical setting 历史背景
例句:listen for the book's name, writer, type of book, message, plot, characters and setting.(课文 Learning to learn 部分)聆听书的名称、作者、书籍类型、主题思想、情节、人物和背景。
词形变化:set(v. 设定)+ ting
realise / ri la z/ v. 知道,明白 意识到;实现
常用搭配:realise one's mistake 意识到错误;
realise a dream 实现梦想
例句:the Scarecrow thinks he needs to realise it.
(课文 Listening 部分)稻草人认为他需要意识到这一点。
英式拼写:realise(美式:realize)
impossible / m p s bl/ adj. 不可能发生的;办不到的
常用搭配:nothing is impossible 没有什么不可能;
it's impossible to do sth. 做某事不可能
例句:"Nothing is impossible, the word itself says I'm possible."(课文 Reading for writing 部分)“没有什么是不可能的,这个词本身就说‘我是可能的’。”
反义词:possible(adj. 可能的)
构词法:im-(否定前缀)+ possible
nothing / n θ / pron. 没有任何东西;没事
常用搭配:nothing is impossible 没有什么不可能;
have nothing to do 无事可做
例句:"Nothing is impossible, the word itself says I'm possible."(课文 Reading for writing 部分)“没有什么是不可能的,这个词本身就说‘我是可能的’。”
固定搭配:nothing but 仅仅
British / br t / adj. 英国的;英国人的
常用搭配:British culture 英国文化;
the British 英国人(总称)
例句:Audrey Hepburn, the British actress and star of the silver screen, said this.(课文 Reading for writing 部分)英国女演员、银幕明星奥黛丽 赫本这样说过。
拓展:Britain(n. 英国)
silver / s lv (r)/ adj. 银制的,银质的
n.银
常用搭配:silver screen 银幕;
silver coin 银币
例句:Audrey Hepburn, the British actress and star of the silver screen, said this.(课文 Reading for writing 部分)英国女演员、银幕明星奥黛丽 赫本这样说过。
合成词:silver screen 电影业
doubt /da t/ n. 怀疑
v.怀疑;疑惑
常用搭配:have doubt about 对…… 有怀疑;
without doubt 毫无疑问
例句:However, doubts and fears often hold us back.
(课文 Reading for writing 部分)然而,怀疑和恐惧常常阻碍我们。
动词用法:doubt whether/if 怀疑是否……
fear /f (r)/ n. 害怕,恐惧;担忧
v.害怕;恐惧
常用搭配:fight one's fear 战胜恐惧;
for fear of 以免
例句:However, doubts and fears often hold us back.
(课文 Reading for writing 部分)然而,怀疑和恐惧常常阻碍我们。
动词搭配:fear to do sth. 害怕做某事
succeed /s k si d/ v. 成功,达成
常用搭配:succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
例句:How can we face them and succeed
(课文 Reading for writing 部分)我们如何面对它们并取得成功?
词形变化:success(n. 成功);successful(adj. 成功的)
excellent / eks l nt/ adj. 卓越的;极好的
常用搭配:an excellent answer 极好的答案;
excellent performance 卓越表现
例句:The runner Su Bingtian gives an excellent answer to this question.(课文 Reading for writing 部分)跑步运动员苏炳添对这个问题给出了一个极好的答案。
副词:excellently
second / sek nd/ n. 秒
常用搭配:in a second 立刻;
100 meters in 9.83 seconds 9.83 秒跑 100 米
例句:In 2021, he finished in 9.83 seconds at the Tokyo Olympics.(课文 Reading for writing 部分)2021 年,他在东京奥运会上以 9.83 秒的成绩完成比赛。
多义词:second(num. 第二)
satisfy / s t sfa / v. 使 (某人) 满意,满足
常用搭配:be satisfied with 对…… 满意;
satisfy one's need 满足需求
例句:However, Su wasn't satisfied.
(课文 Reading for writing 部分)然而,苏并不满意。
词形变化:satisfied(adj. 满意的);satisfaction(n. 满意)
risky / r ski/ adj. 有危险的,有风险的
常用搭配:a risky decision 有风险的决定;
risky business 冒险的事
例句:This was a very risky decision.
(课文 Reading for writing 部分)这是一个非常有风险的决定。
词形变化:risk(n. 风险)+ y(形容词后缀)
zero / z r / num. 零
常用搭配:start from zero 从零开始;
zero degree 零度
例句:He had to start from zero.
(课文 Reading for writing 部分)他不得不从零开始。
复数:zeros/zeroes
Olympics / l mp ks/n. 奥林匹克运动会,奥运会
常用搭配:the Tokyo Olympics 东京奥运会;
the Olympic Games 奥运会
例句:In 2021, he finished in 9.83 seconds at the Tokyo Olympics.(课文 Reading for writing 部分)2021 年,他在东京奥运会上以 9.83 秒的成绩完成比赛。
注意:常以复数形式出现
athlete / θli t/n. 运动员;田径运动员
常用搭配:a Chinese athlete 中国运动员;
top athlete 顶尖运动员
例句:He also became the first Chinese athlete to run in the Olympic 100 m final.(课文 Reading for writing 部分)他还成为第一位跑进奥运会 100 米决赛的中国运动员。
词形变化:athletic(adj. 运动的)
二、重点短语归纳
短语
释义
例句
课文出处
instead of
代替;而不是
Instead of looking away, Maddie studied my face.
A red, red rose 第 3 段
in search of
寻找
Many works of literature have described characters in search of their values.
Developing ideas 第 1 段
start from zero
从零开始
He had to start from zero.
Reading for writing 第 3 段
make history
创造历史
In 2015, he clocked 9.99 seconds and made history.
Reading for writing 第 4 段
hold back
阻碍;抑制
However, doubts and fears often hold us back.
Reading for writing 第 1 段
stick to
坚持
Nothing is impossible as long as you try and stick to it.
Reading for writing 第 5 段
三、单词分类记忆及拓展
(1)人物特征与外貌
birthmark /'b θmɑ k/n. 胎记
搭配:have a birthmark on the face
height /ha t/n. 身高;高度
搭配:at a height of...;accept one's height
wise /wa z/adj. 明智的
搭配:make wise decisions
basic /'be s k/adj. 基础的
搭配:basic information
(2)情感与心理
fear /f (r)/n. 害怕,恐惧
搭配:face fears;fight one's fear
doubt /da t/n. 怀疑
搭配:have doubt about;without doubt
satisfied /'s t sfa d/adj. 满意的
搭配:be satisfied with
例句:However, Su wasn't satisfied.
secretly /'si kr tli/adv. 暗自
搭配:look at sb. secretly
(3)动作与行为
suppose /s 'p z/v. 假设,认为
搭配:suppose sb. to be;suppose + that 从句
reach /ri t /v. 伸;伸手
搭配:reach for sth.
underline / nd 'la n/v. 下划线
搭配:underline important points
search /s t /n. 寻找
搭配:in search of
(4)逻辑关系词
therefore /' e f (r)/adv. 因此
搭配:therefore + 句子
instead / n'sted/adv. 代替
搭配:instead of + n./doing
although / l' /conj. 虽然
搭配:although + 句子
however /ha 'ev (r)/adv. 然而
搭配:however + 句子(用逗号隔开)
(5)文学与价值
literature /'l tr t r/n. 文学
搭配:works of literature
value /'v lju /n. 价值
搭配:in search of values;the value of life
wizard /'w z d/n. 男巫
搭配:the Great Wizard Oz
friendship /'frend p/n. 友谊
搭配:build friendship
(6)语法相关(现在完成时时态标志词)
already / l'redi/adv. 已经
搭配:have/has already + 过去分词
yet /jet/adv. 还(否定 / 疑问)
搭配:have/has not yet + 过去分词
just /d st/adv. 刚刚
搭配:have/has just + 过去分词
never /'nev r/adv. 从未
搭配:have/has never + 过去分词
重点短语
instead of 代替
in search of 寻找
start from zero 从零开始
make history 创造历史
stick to 坚持
四、词汇练习题
(一)词汇选择题
1.I ______ everyone has their own strengths, so don't lose heart.
A. suppose B. birthmark C. reach D. fear
2.The bus was so ______ that I could hardly find a place to stand.
A. empty B. crowded C. basic D. wise
3.She looked at the gift ______ because she didn't want others to see her excitement.
A. truly B. secretly C. luckily D. loudly
4.______ it was raining heavily, we still went to the library as planned.
A. Although B. Therefore C. Instead D. However
5.The earthquake was a terrible ______ that caused great loss.
A. difference B. value C. disaster D. message
6.You should ______ the important points in your notebook.
A. underline B. realise C. search D. doubt
7.The little girl has a heart-shaped ______ on her forehead.
A. row B. birthmark C. wizard D. silver
8.He didn't go to the party. ______, he stayed at home to study.
A. Therefore B. Instead C. Although D. However
9.We should learn to face ______ and never give up.
A. friendships B. heights C. fears D. settings
10.Practice makes perfect. ______, you need to keep working hard.
A. Instead B. Therefore C. Although D. However
(二)词汇填空题
1.The ______ (crowd) market made me feel anxious.
2.She ______ (realise) her mistake after the teacher explained it.
3.His words made a big ______ (different) in my life.
4.The ______ (Britain) culture is quite different from ours.
5.I'm ______ (will) to help you with your project.
6.The story's ______ (set) is a small town in the 19th century.
7.The ______ (wise) old man gave us good advice.
8.They are in ______ (search) of the missing keys.
9.The ______ (possible) of winning the game makes us excited.
10.Her ______ (friend) with Tom has lasted for ten years.
三、句子翻译题
1.我认为他不会来参加聚会。(suppose)
2.虽然她很年轻,但她非常聪明。(although)
3.公交车上挤满了人,就像一场灾难。(crowded; disaster)
4.他伸手去够书架上的书。(reach for)
5.我们应该学会面对恐惧并取得成功。(fear; succeed)
没有什么是不可能的,只要你努力。(nothing; impossible)
练习题答案解析:
一、词汇选择题(答案:1-5 ABBAC 6-10 ABBCB)
1. A. suppose
解析:句意为 “我认为每个人都有自己的长处”,suppose 表示 “认为;假设”,符合语境。
B. crowded
解析:根据 “几乎找不到地方站” 可知公交车很拥挤,crowded 表示 “拥挤的”。
B. secretly
解析:“不想让别人看到她的兴奋”,所以是 “偷偷地” 看礼物,secretly 表示 “秘密地”。
A. Although
解析:“虽然雨下得大,但我们还是按计划去了图书馆”,although 引导让步状语从句,不能与 but 连用。
C. disaster
解析:地震是一场 “灾难”,disaster 表示 “灾难;灾祸”,符合句意。
A. underline
解析:“在笔记本上划出重点”,underline 表示 “在…… 下划线;强调”。
B. birthmark
解析:“心形的胎记”,birthmark 表示 “胎记;胎痣”,其他选项不符合语义。
B. Instead
解析:“没去聚会,而是在家学习”,instead 表示 “代替;反而”,单独使用时位于句首。
C. fears
解析:“面对恐惧”,fear 表示 “害怕;恐惧”,friendships(友谊)、heights(高度)、settings(背景)均不符合。
B. Therefore
解析:“熟能生巧,因此需要继续努力”,therefore 表示 “因此”,连接因果关系。
二、词汇填空题
1. crowded(形容词,修饰 market)
2. realised(动词过去式,“意识到”)
3. difference(名词,make a difference 为固定搭配)
4. British(形容词,“英国的”)
5. willing(形容词,be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事)
6. setting(名词,“(故事)背景”)
7. wise(形容词,修饰 old man)
8. search(名词,in search of 寻找)
9. possibility(名词,“可能性”,possible 的名词形式)
10. friendship(名词,“友谊”)
三、句子翻译题
1. I don't suppose he will come to the party.
(解析:suppose 接宾语从句时,否定需前移,即 “否定主句,肯定从句”。)
Although she is very young, she is very clever.
(解析:although 引导让步状语从句,不能与 but 连用。)
The bus was so crowded that it felt like a disaster.
(解析:使用 “so...that...” 句型,crowded 表示 “拥挤的”,disaster 表示 “灾难”。)
He reached for the book on the bookshelf.
(解析:reach for sth. 表示 “伸手去够某物”。)
We should learn to face fears and succeed.
(解析:face fears “面对恐惧”,succeed “成功”,用原形与 learn to do 搭配。)
Nothing is impossible as long as you try.
(解析:nothing is impossible “没有什么不可能”,as long as “只要” 引导条件状语从句。)
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