高中英语必修1（人教版）Unit 4 Earthquakes 单元练习（含答案）

必修一.
Unit
4:
Earthquakes
基础
知能
回扣
Name_________ Class_________ No._________ Mark______
核心词汇
1．重点单词：
1
爆裂；爆发vi突然破裂；爆发n.
　
7
使陷入困境vt.
陷阱；困境n
　
2
废墟；毁灭n使破产；毁灭vt.
　
8
埋葬；掩埋；vt.
隐藏
　
3
损害；伤害vt.
　
9
升起,
起身,
增长,
上升,
vi.
　
4
破坏
；毁坏；消灭vt.
　
10
祝词,
贺辞
常用复数n.
　
5
（使）震惊；震动vt.&vi休克；打击；震动n.
　
11
尊敬,
敬意,
荣誉,
光荣n.
尊敬,
给以荣誉vt.
　
6
救援；营救n.&vt
　
12
奇迹,
惊奇,
惊愕v.
n.
　
1．重点单词：
1.
burst
2.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ruin.
3.injure
4.destroy
5.shock
6.rescue .
7.trap
8.bury
9.
rise
10.．congratulation
11.
honor
12.
wonder
:
2．词形变化：用所给的词的适当形式填空
1. The river rose ten _____________by then. (foot)
2. Look! Some people
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are_________ up and down the street. (run)
3. The earthquake was caused by the ______ of plates. (move)
4. People try to predicate the _________disaster. (nature)
5. Human ________have the power to stop earthquake. (be)
6. The whole city was
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) _________destroyed in the earthquake. (complete)
7. I’m sorry to keep you ________ so long, (wait)
8. They carried the children to_________ . (safe)
9. The pipes for _______ water under the street burst. (carry)
10. _________ as it may seem, it was a quiet night. (amaze)
2．词形变化答案：
1.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )feet 2. running 3. movement 4. natural 5.beings
6. completely 7
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). waiting 8. safety 9. carrying 10.Amazing
二.
高频短语.
1.
碰巧做某事 _________
2.
握手 _________
3.突然哭/笑起来 _________
4.成为废墟 _________
5.
穿过、横穿 _________
6.吹走、刮走
_________
7.
倒塌 _________
8.根据……来判断 _________
9.成千上万
_________
10.挖掘 _________
11.
大量的 _________
12.陷入……/
陷在……下面 _________
13.
结束某事
_________
14.
以……而自豪 _________
15.
对……评价低/高 _________
16.
1/3 _________
2/3 _________
75% _________
17.发出（气味等）；分发；耗尽 _________
18.发出（气味等） _________
19.赠送；泄露 _________
20.作为……而知名 _________
二.
高频短语.
1.happen
to
do
2.shake
hands
with
sb
3..burst
int
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
tears/
laughter
；burst
out
crying/laughing
4.in
ruins
5.cut
across
6.blow
away
7.fall
down
8.judging….from
9.tens
of
thousands
of
10.dig
out
11.a
great/
large
number
of
=a
great/
good
many
12.be
trapped
in/
under
e
to
an
end
(
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vi)
=
put/
bring
sth
to
an
end
=
put/
bring
an
end
to
sth
14.be
proud
of
/
take
pride
in
15.think
little/
highly
of
16.one-third
two
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-thirds
seventy-five
percent
17.give
out
18.give
off
19.give
away
20.be
known
as
三.
重点句式.
1.In
fifteen
terrible
seconds
a
large
city
lay
in
ruins.
2.Two
thirds
of
them
died
or
were
injured
during
the
earthquake.
3..Some
of
the
res
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cue
workers
and
doctors
were
trapped
under
the
ruins.
4.
The
number
of
pe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople
who
were
killed
or
injured
in
the
earthquake
reached
more
than
400,000.（定语从句）.
死伤的人数达到40多万。
5.
We’d
better
prepare
him
for
the
bad
news.
我们最好让他做好知道这个坏消息的心理准备。
6.
The
army
org
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anized
the
rescue
workers
to
dig
out
those
who
were
trapped
and
to
bury
the
dead.
（定语从句）.
部队组织救援人员将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。
7.
All
hope
was
not
lost.
=
Not
all
hope
was
lost.（部分否定）.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
8.
None
of
us
were
allowed
to
go
there.（全部否定）.
我们全都不许去那里。
9.
He
rescued
the
man
from
drowning.
他救了一男子使之免遭溺毙。
10.
An
earthquake
left
the
whole
city
in
ruins.
地震过后，全城到处是残垣断壁。
11.
I
feel
highly
honoured
by
your
trust.
得到你的信任，我感到非常荣幸。
12.
Many
people
took
shelter
from
the
rain
in
the
department
store.
许多人在百货公司里避雨。
13.
It
seemed
that
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
world
was
at
an
end
as
the
earthquake
destroyed
nearly
everything.
世界似乎到了末日，因为地震几乎毁了一切。
14.
People
began
to
wonder
how
long
the
disaster
would
last.
人们开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久？
15.
The
one
million
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople
of
the
city,
who
thought
little
of
these
strange
events,
went
to
bed
as
usual
that
night.（非限制性定语从句）.
这城市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些奇怪的情况当一回事，当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。
四.
课文完形:
Before
Tangsha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
earthquake,
strange
things
happened.
A
1
(有味道的)
gas
came
out
from
the
cracks
of
wells
and
animals
became
2
(nerve).
At
3:00
a.m.,
everything
began
to
shake.
It
seemed
that
the
world
was
at
3
end.
In
fifteen
seconds,
a
large
city
lay
in
4
(废墟),
and
the
number
of
people
5
(受伤的)
or
killed
reached
more
than
400,000.
Water,
food
and
6
(electric)
were
cut
off
and
the
railway
tracks
were
7
(use)
pieces
of
steel.
But
all
hope
was
not
lost.
The
rescue
team
8
(organize)
by
the
army
came
to
help
those
9
(幸存者)
and
slowly
the
city
began
to
10
(呼吸)
again.
五.
单词拼写:
I.
根据首字母或中文提示,
给出适当的单词
1.
S______________
the
bottle
before
you
take
the
medicine.
2.
We
held
the
party
in
Tom’s
h___________.
3.
Hearing
the
bad
news,
the
girl
b___________
into
tears.
4.
She
poured
water
all
over
my
painting,
and
r__________
it.
5.
The
houses
were
d____________
by
an
earthquake.
6.
He
felt
___________(清酲)
after
a
rest.
7.
Throw
away
your
dirty
and
____________
(臭)
socks.
8.
We
took
___________(躲避)
from
the
storm
in
a
barn.
9.
France
is
a
_________________(欧洲)
country.
10.
Many
men
were
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________(埋)
underground
when
there
was
an
accident
at
the
mine.
11.
Older
students
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )were
having
difficulty
in
studying
and
o_________
themselves.
12.
Without
_________
(电)，modern
life
would
be
very
difficult.
13.
People
began
to
wonder
how
long
the
d_________
would
last.
14.
F_________
water
was
taken
to
the
city
by
train,
truck
and
plane.
15.
__________
(判断)f
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rom
his
appearance,
the
manger
must
be
over
fifty.
16.
Dead
and
________
(受伤的)people
lay
everywhere
after
the
terrible
accident.
六.选词填空
of,
across,
in,
by,
with,
from,
on,
to
1.
Because
______
his
carelessness,
he
lost
her
purse.
2.
The
train
is
leaving
________
five
minutes.
3.
The
bookshop
is
just
________
the
street
from
the
school.
4.
________
working
hard,
he
passed
the
maths
exam.
5.
You
need
to
wear
warm
clothes
to
protect
you
_______
the
cold.
6.
Your
opinion
has
no
effect
________
his
decision.
7.
I
tried
to
persuade
him,
but
________
no
effect.
8.
The
result
of
r
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )esearch
can
be
applied
______
new
development
of
technology.
六．选词填空答案：
of
in
across
By
from
on
with
to
七.句型巩固
1).
那建筑物已成断壁残垣。
___________________________________________________________________________
2).
那教堂已破败不堪。
___________________________________________________________________________
3).
因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。
___________________________________________________________________________
4).
没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。
___________________________________________________________________________
5).
并非这两个学生喜欢这个故事。
___________________________________________________________________________
6).
这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。
___________________________________________________________________________
七．句型巩固答案：
1).
The
building
is
in
ruins.
2).
The
church
has
fallen
into
ruin.
3).
Not
knowing
his
address,
I
can’t
send
this
book
to
him.
4).
Without
anyone
noticing,
he
slipped
through
the
window.
5).
Both
of
the
students
don’t
like
the
story.
6).
Neither
of
the
students
likes
the
story.
八.
单句改错
1.
I
don’t
doubt
whether
I’m
able
to
finish
the
work
on
time.
2.
Would
you
be
kind
as
to
turn
off
the
TV
set
3.
Do
you
know
what
do
these
words
mean
4.
Hearing
her
name
calling,
she
rushed
out
of
the
room.
5.
Do
you
kno
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w
anything
about
the
accident
happened
in
the
village
yesterday
6.
The
little
girl
hurried
home
with
the
remained
money.
7.
Speak
slowly
and
try
to
make
yourself
understand
8.
The
population
of
Zhengzhou
is
fewer
than
that
of
Beijing.
9.
My
father
has
two
brothers
,
both
of
them
are
all
Party
members.
10.
I
followed
Mr.Smith
entering
the
office.
八．单句改错答案
1
drop
“don’t”
2
be
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-be
so
3
drop
“do”
4
calling-called
5
happened-that
happened
6.remained-remaining 7
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).understand-understood 8.fewer-smaller
9.them-whom
10.entering-into
九.单项选择：
1.
75%
of
the
land__________
with
trees.
A.
is
covered
B.
are
covered
C.
covers
D.
cover
2.
It
is
_______
work
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of
art
that
everyone
wants
to
have
a
look
at
it.
A.
so
unusual
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
such
unusual
C.
such
an
unusual
D.
so
an
unusual
3.
“
Earthquake!
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )”
someone
shouted.
I
woke
up
and
felt
the
earth
____
.
I
____
fear
and
couldn’t
stand
up.
A.
was
shaking;
shook
with
B.
was
being
shaken;
shook
for
C.
is
shaking;
was
shaken
by
D.
moving;
shaken
with
4.
The
vase
fell
_____
the
table,
breaking
into
pieces.
A.
down
B.
out
C.
off
D.
to
5.
I’m
glad
he
agreed
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
_____
my
advice.
Finally,
he
and
I
agreed
_____
the
time
for
the
party.
A.
taking;
to
B.
/;
on
C.
to
take;
on
D.
to
take;
with
6.
Your
mother
is
waiting
for
you.
Come
back
______.
A.
as
soon
as
possibly
B.
as
quickly
as
soon
C.
as
soon
as
possible
D.
as
possible
as
you
can
7.
I
was
ill,
so
I
stayed
in
_______bed
all
day
instead
of
_______.
A.
the;
go
to
schoo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l
B.
the;
going
to
school
C./;
going
to
school
D.
/;
to
go
to
school
8.
__________
people
went
to
watch
the
football
match.
A.
Thousands
B.
Two
thousands
C.
Two
thousand
D.
Two
thousand
of
9.
Give
the
books
_________to
the
children.
A.
out
B.
off
C.
in
D.
up
10.
_____________
from
what
he
said,
we
know
he
was
afraid
at
that
time.
A.
Judged
B.
Judging
C.
To
judge
D.
Judge
11.
I
feel
_______
to
be
invited
to
speak
here.
A.
honour
B.
honoured
C.
it
an
honour
D.
both
B
and
C
12.Water
supply
and
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
electricity
of
the
village
_______________during
the
earth
quake.
A.
was
cut
off
B.
were
cut
down
C.
was
cut
away
D.
were
cut
off
13.
She
was
frightened______
the
sight
of
a
mouse.
A.
with
B.
at
C.
in
D.
on
14.
What
do
you
know
the
strike_______
for
A.
was
broken
out
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
was
broken
up
C.
broke
out
D.
broke
up
15.
The
young
girl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
used
umbrellas
to
protect
themselves
from
the
hot
______
sun.
A.
raised
B.
raising
C.
risen
D.
rising
16.
Actually
there
was
no
use
_______
Joan
there
that
day.
A.
for
sending
B.
of
you
to
send
C.
sent
D.
sending
17.
_______
your
timely
help.
A.
Thank
to
you;
fo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
B.
Thank
you;
to
C.
Many
thanks
to
you;
for
D.
Thanks
you;
for
18.
_________students
attended
the
party.
A.
The
number
of
B.
A
number
C.
Numbers
of
D.
The
number
19.
The
students
___________
the
mid-term
examination
these
days.
A.
are
prepa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ring
B.
are
preparing
for
C.
were
preparing
D.
were
preparing
for
20.
The
building
has
_________
look.
A.
a
Europe
B.
a
European
C.
an
European
D.
an
Europe
21.
He
felt
_______
at
the
news
which
came
as
______
shock
to
us,
too.
A.
shocked;
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/
B.
shocked;
a
C.
shocking;
/
D.
shocking;
a
22.
The
house
was
completely
________
in
the
great
fire.
A.
hurt
B.
injured
C.
damaged
D.
destroyed
23.
I
gave
the
pa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pers
to
every
one
of
the
class,
except,
of
course,
the
___________who
had
already
come
to
the
office
to
collect_________.
A.
those;
them
B.
those;
it
C.
ones;
them
D.
one;
it
24.
All
our
effo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rts
will
certainly
lead
to
_________
more
peaceful
and
more
advanced
world,
______
place
where
everyone
enjoys
his
life
and
freedom.
A.
the;
a
B.
a;
the
C.
a;
a
D.
the;
the
25.
Though
already
a
boy
of
14,
______________.
A.
and
he
had
to
support
a
family
of
four
B.
but
he’s
still
dressed
up
and
washed
by
his
parents
C.
he
worked
hard
from
morning
till
night
D.
his
brain
power
is
just
like
that
of
a
baby
九。单项选择
1.
A
2.
C
3.
A
4.
C
5.
C
6.
C
7.
C
8.
C
9.
A
10.
B
11.
D
12.
D
13.
B
14.
C
15.
C
16.
D
17.
C
18.
C19.
B
20.
B
21.
B
22.
D
23.
C
24.
C
25.
D
十.语法专练:
Test for Grammar
( )1.The fam
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ous basketball star,_______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.
A. where B. when C. which D. who
( )2.She heard
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a terrible noise, _________ brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
( )3.York,______ I visited last year, is a nice old city.
A. that B. which C. where D. in which
( )4.The English
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )play ________ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success,
A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which
( )5.Is this factory _________ you visited last Sunday
A. the one B. which C. that D. where
( )6.They a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sk about the things and teachers ______ they still remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. whom D. that and who
( )7.I will
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) always remember those days ______ I spent with him sailing on the sea.
A. on that B. on which C. when D. which
( )8.His English, ______ used to be very poor, is now excellent.
A. that B. which C. it D. whom
( )9.George Orwel
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l, ______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.
A. the real name
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name
( )10.__________ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making
progress.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
十．语法专练
Keys:
I. 1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.B 9. D 10 B
II.将下列句子改写成定语从句
11. Have you found the bike You are looking for the bike.
12.The book is very interesting. I bought the book yesterday.
13.I saw some trees. Their leaves were black with disease.
14. The girl is our monitor. She is playing the piano over there.
15. He was born in a town. The town is far away from the city.
II.
11.Have you found the bike (that/which) you are looking for
12.The book ( that/ which) I bought yesterday is very interesting.
13.I saw some trees whose leaves were black with disease.
14.The girl who/ th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at is playing the piano over there is our monitor.
15.He was born in a town that/ which is far away from this city.
Unit
4
Earthquakes学案
语言要点（模块）
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇部分
词语辨析
1.
congratulate
/
celebrate2.
destroy
/
ruin
/
damage
/
harm3.
rise
/
raise
/
lift4.
hurt
/
injure
/
wound
词形变化
1.
frighten
vt.
吓唬；使惊吓
frightened
n.
受惊的；受恐吓的
frightening
adj.令人恐惧的
2.
nation
n.
民族；国家；国民
national
adj.
民族的；国家的
3.
suffer
v.
受苦;
吃苦头
suffering
n.
苦难；痛苦
sufferer
n.受苦者;
受难者
重点单词
1.
burst
v.&n.
爆裂,
爆发,
突然破裂
2.
ruin
v.&n.
毁灭，使破产，遗迹，废墟（名词时常用复数）3.
rescue
n.&vt.
援救，营救4.
judge
n.&v.
法官，鉴赏家，裁判，判断，估计
重点词组
right
away
立刻，马上at
an
end
结束，终结instead
of
代替，而不tens
of
thousands
of
数以万计的
重点句子
1.
Mice
ran
out
of
the
fields
looking
for
places
to
hide.2.
All
hope
was
not
lost.
重点语法
定语从句
（见语法部分）
I词语辨析
(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1.
congratulate
/
celebrate
【解释】congratulate
对他人祝贺为目的，侧重以言语表示祝贺。celebrate
通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情。侧重指以行动来庆祝生日、节日等。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).
I
_________
you
on
your
success.2).
We
held
a
party
to
__________
our
success..
2.
destroy
/
ruin
/
damage
/
harm
【解释】destroy
表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法恢复，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。
ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。damage
一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果，也可以指非暴力的长期损害的结果。
harm
一般指伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等。
3.
rise
/
raise
/
lift
【解释】rise
普通用词，指具体的抽象的事物由低向高移动。raise
及物动词，多指把某物从低处升到高处。lift
语气比raise强，指用体力或机械的力举起或抬起某物。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )适当形式填空1).
She
________
her
eyes
from
her
work.2).
__________
me
up,
mummy---I
can’t
see.3).
The
plane
was
then
able
to
________
and
it
cleared
the
mountains
by
300
feet.
4.
hurt
/
injure
/
wound
【解释】hurt
一般用语，即可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神和情感方面的伤害。injure
比hurt正式，一般指由于意外或事故而受伤，很少指精神方面的伤害.wound
指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤等，尤指在战争中受伤。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).
The
soldier
was
______
in
the
arm
in
the
war.2).
She
was
_______
slightly
in
an
accident
during
the
work.3).
I
was
very
much
_______
at
his
words.
I词语辨析
1．1).
congratulate
2).
celebrate
3．1).
raised
2).
Lift
3).
rise
4．1).
wounded
2).
injured
3).
Hurt
II词性变化
（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1.
frighten
vt.
吓唬；使惊吓
frightened
n.
受惊的；受恐吓的
frightening
adj.令人恐惧的
2.
nation
n.
民族；国家；国民
national
adj.
民族的；国家的
3.
suffer
v.
受苦;
吃苦头
suffering
n.
苦难；痛苦
sufferer
n.受苦者;
受难者
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1)
He’s
travelled
to
the
________
of
Western
Europe.
(nation)2)
We
are
talking
about
_________
and
international
issues.
(nation)3）
___________
children
were
calling
for
their
mothers..
(frighten)4）
The
child
__________to
death
by
the
violent
thunderstorm.
(frighten)
5）
It
is
even
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_________
to
think
of
the
horrors
of
nuclear
war.
(frighten)6）
We
________
huge
losses
in
the
financial
crisis.
(suffer)
7)
They’re
arthritis
__________.
(suffer)8)
There
is
so
much
__________
in
this
world.
(suffer)
II词性变化
答案:
1)
nations
2)
national
3)
Frightened
4)
was
frightened
5)
frightening
6)
suffered
7)
sufferers
8)
suffering
Ⅲ重点词汇
（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1.
burst
v.&n.
爆裂,
爆发,
突然破裂
[典例]
1).The
red
balloon
suddenly
burst.
那个红色的气球突然爆了。
2).
The
police
burst
through
the
door.
警察破门而入。
3).
On
hearing
the
new
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s,
Leslie
burst
into
laughter
while
Tracy
burst
out
crying.
一听到这则消息，Leslie突然大笑，而Tracy则突然大哭起来。
4).
A
burst
of
hand-clapping
followed
the
ending
of
the
song.
歌声结束后响起了一阵掌声。
[重点用法]
burst
into
laughter
=
burst
out
laughing
突然大笑
burst
into
tears
=
burst
out
crying
突然大哭
[练习]
中译英
1).
水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2).
太阳突然从云端里露出来。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.
rescue
n.&vt.
援救，营救
[典例]
1).
The
police
came
to
his
rescue
and
pulled
him
out
of
the
river.
警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。
2).
The
rescue
team
made
countless
rescues
during
the
earthquake.
营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。
3).
Michael
rescued
a
boy
from
drowning.
迈克把溺水的男孩救了起来。
[重点用法]
rescue
sb./
sth.
from
sb./
sp.
把……..从……营救出来
come
to/
go
to
sb’s
rescue
=
rescue
sb.
援救某人
a
rescue
team
救援队
a
rescue
mission
救援任务
rescue
workers
救援人员
[练习]
用rescue的适当形式填空
1).
The
mother,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
along
with
her
two
children,
_________from
the
sinking
boat
by
a
passing
ship.
2).
The
firemen
________
five
children
from
the
burning
house
yesterday.
3.
judge
n.&v.
法官，鉴赏家，裁判，判断，估计
[典例]
1).
His
father
used
to
be
a
judge.
他的父亲过去是一名法官。
2).
She's
a
good
judge
of
wine.
她是鉴别酒的专家。
3).
The
blind
can’t
judge
colors.
盲人无法判断颜色。
4).
Don’t
judge
a
man
by
his
looks.
不要以貌取人。
[重点用法]
judge
sb./
sth.
by/from
通过……判断……
as
far
as
I
judge
我认为
judging
from…
从……来看，
根据……判断
[练习]
用与judge相关的词汇填空
1).
______his
appearance,
he
must
be
a
rich
man.
2).
_______
,
he
must
be
from
the
south.
4.
ruin
v.&n.
毁灭，使破产，遗迹，废墟（名词时常用复数）
[典例]
1).
The
hurricane
ruined
all
the
houses
here.
飓风使这里所有的房屋成为废墟。
2).
He
ruined
his
prospects
by
carelessness.
他因疏忽大意而断送了前途。
[重点用法]
be
in
ruins
呈一片废墟
fall
into
ruin
变成废墟
come
to
ruin
毁灭，落空
ruin
oneself
自我毁灭
bring
sb.
to
ruin
使毁灭
[练习]
中译英
1).
那建筑物已成断壁残垣。
______________________________________________________________________________
2).
那教堂已破败不堪。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Ⅲ重点词汇
1．答案:
1).
Water-pipes
often
burst
in
cold
weather.
2).
The
sun
burst
through
the
clouds.
2．答案:
1).
has
been
rescued
2).
rescued
3．答案:
1).
Judging
2).
In
her
judgment
4．答案:
1).
The
building
is
in
ruins.
2).
The
church
has
fallen
into
ruin.
Ⅳ
重点词组
（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1.
right
away
立刻，马上
[典例]
1).I’ll
return
the
book
to
you
right
away.
我会马上还书给你。
2).
If
war
breaks
out,
we
shall
be
called
up
right
away.
如果战争爆发，我们将立即被征召服役。
[短语归纳]
“立刻，马上”的表达方式：
right
away，right
now，at
once，immediately，
in
no
time
[练习]
中译英
1).
请立刻把它打印出来。 _______________________________

2.
at
an
end
结束，终结（=
finished）
[典例]
1).
The
war
was
finally
at
an
end.
战争终于结束了。
[短语归纳]
与end搭配的常用短语
at
the
end
of
在……末尾
by
the
end
of
在……末为止
in
the
end
最后，终于
at
a
loose
end
无所事事，处于杂乱状态
make
ends
meet
收支相抵
[练习]
用at
the
end
of,
by
the
end
of
和
in
the
end填空。
1).
How
many
English
words
have
you
learned
____________
last
term
2).
He
became
an
outstanding
doctor
___________.
3).
My
uncle
will
fly
to
China
_________
this
year.
3.
instead
of
代替，而不是
[典例]
1).
The
Chinese
us
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
chopsticks
instead
of
knives
and
forks.
中国人不用刀叉,用筷子。
2).
Instead
of
working,
Jack
was
idling
away
his
time.
杰克不去工作,虚度着光阴。
3).
She
decided
to
leave
here
on
Sunday
instead
of
Monday.
她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。
[短语归纳]
instead
是副词，单独使用，用于句首或句末作状语，意为“代替；相反”。
instead
of
是复合介词，后接名词、代词、或动名词，其后面的动作，意为“代替、而不……”。
in
place
of
为介词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )短语，也是“代替、而不”的意思，表“以甲代乙”，不含比，而instead
of则是“用甲不用乙”，除“代替”外，还有对乙作否定的意思，有时意为“不”。
take
the
place
of
作谓语，用在名词、代词前。
[练习]
单项选择。
1).
Tractors
_____________
horses
in
many
places.
A.
in
place
of
B.
have
taken
the
place
of
C.
instead
D.
instead
of
2).
You
should
be
out
playing
___________
working
indoors
all
day.
A.
in
spite
of
B.
take
the
place
of
C.
instead
D.
instead
of
4.
tens
of
thousands
of
数以万计的
[典例]
1).
Tens
of
thous
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ands
of
people
were
watching
the
game
in
the
stadium
when
it
began
to
rain
heavily.
[短语归纳]
hundreds
of数百的
hundreds
of
and
thousands
of
成百上千的
thousands
of数千的
millions
of数百万的
dozens
of许多；
大量
scores
of
许多；
大量
[练习]
选择填空
1).
Every
year
________
foreign
visitors
come
to
China.
A.
tens
of
thousands
of
B.
ten
thousands
of
C.
over
ten
thousands
D.
thousands
upon
thousands
2).
There
were
____________
people
in
the
hall.
A.
two
scores
of
B.
scores
of
C.
two
and
score
D.
two
scores
Ⅳ
重点词组
1．答案:
1).
I
want
it
typed
right
away,
please.
2．答案:
1).
by
the
end
of
2).
in
the
end
3).
at
the
end
of
3．答案:
1).
B
2).
D
4．答案:
1).
A
2).
B
V重点句子
（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1.
Mice
ran
out
of
the
fields
looking
for
places
to
hide.
老鼠跑到地里找地方躲。
[解释]
这句话中的loo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )king
for
places
to
hide
是作ran
out
of
the
fields
的伴随状况，这是动词的现在分词形式的一个用法。
现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
（1）现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when,
while引出。
While
reading
the
book,
he
nodded
from
time
to
time.
他一边看书，一边不时地点头。
Seeing
those
pictures,
she
remembered
her
childhood.
看到那些画，他想起了她的童年。
（2）现在分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：
Not
knowing
his
address,
I
can’t
send
this
book
to
him.
因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。
Many
of
us,
being
so
excited,
couldn’t
go
to
sleep
that
night.
因为非常激动，那晚我们许多人都没睡着。
（3）现在分词短语作结果状语。如：
His
father
died,
leaving
him
a
lot
of
money.
他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。
She
was
so
angry
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
that
she
threw
the
toy
on
the
ground,
breaking
it
into
pieces.
她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。
（4）现在分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如：
They
stood
there
for
half
an
hour
watching
the
stars
in
the
sky.
他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。
Following
the
old
man,
the
young
people
started
walking
slowly.
年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。
（5）现在分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个状语从句。如：
A
person
standing
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at
the
foot
of
a
high
mountain
will
find
himself
very
small.
一个人如站在大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小。
Knowing
all
this,
they
made
me
pay
for
the
damage.
尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。
注：现在分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。
（6）“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+现在分词”结构在句中作状语，表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。如：
His
hair
became
grey
with
the
years
passing.
随着时间的推移，他的头发变花白了。
Without
anyone
not
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )icing,
he
slipped
through
the
window.
没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。
[练习]
中译英
1).
因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2).
没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.
All
hope
was
not
lost.
并不是所有的希望都破灭了。
[解释]All
the
stude
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts
do
not
know
how
to
deal
with
the
problem.
=
Not
all
the
students
know
how
to
deal
with
the
problem.
并非所有的学生都知道如何解决个问题。
I
don’t
know
all
of
them.
我并不认识他们所有的人。
表示“全体”意义的代词、
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )副词或形容
“all,
both,
every,
everybody,
always”
等和否定副词not连用时表部分否定,
而“none,
neither,
nobody,
nothing”
等表完全否定。如：
Everyone
doesn’t
like
the
story.
=
Not
everyone
likes
the
story.
并非每个人都喜欢这个故事。
Nobody
likes
the
story.
没人喜欢这个故事。
Both
of
the
students
don’t
like
the
story.
并非这两个学生这个故事。
Neither
of
the
students
likes
the
story.
这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。
[练习]
中译英
1).
并非这两个学生这个故事。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2).
这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。
_______________________________________________________________________________
课文佳句背诵与仿写
（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）
1.【原句】But
the
one
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
million
people
of
the
city,
who
thought
little
of
these
events,
were
asleep
as
usual
that
night.
但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
[模仿要点]
句子结构：由which引导的非限制性定语从句
【模仿1】李宇春现象超越了她的声音，即使最狂热歌迷们也承认她的声音是非常弱的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【模仿2】据报道，心脏病和癌症成了中年人的头号杀手，这给我们敲响了警钟。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.【原句】It
was
a
city
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
whose
hospitals,
75%
of
its
factories
and
buildings
and
90%
of
its
homes
were
gone.
所有的师内医院，75%的工厂和建筑物，90%的家园都消失了。
[模仿要点]
句子结构：数字+of
which/whom
引导的非限制性定语从句
【模仿1】从七月上旬开始,
20天的干旱和高温 袭击了重庆的人们,
其中50%
的人们处于严重缺水状态。
_______________________________________________________________________________【模仿2】参加奥运会吉祥物竞选的参与者有662人，其中611人来自中国大陆，12人来自香港，澳门和台湾，39人来自国外。
_______________________________________________________________________________
必修一.
Unit
4:
Earthquakes答案
1．重点单词：
1.
burst
2.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ruin.
3.injure
4.destroy
5.shock
6.rescue .
7.trap
8.bury
9.
rise
10.．congratulation
11.
honor
12.
wonder
:
2．词形变化答案：
1. fee
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t 2. running 3. movement 4. natural 5.beings
6. completely
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 7. waiting 8. safety 9. carrying 10.Amazing
二.
高频短语.
1.happen
to
do
2.shake
hands
with
sb
3..burst
int
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
tears/
laughter
；burst
out
crying/laughing
4.in
ruins
5.cut
across
6.blow
away
7.fall
down
8.judging….from
9.tens
of
thousands
of
10.dig
out
11.a
great/
large
number
of
=a
great/
good
many
12.be
trapped
in/
under
e
to
an
e
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd
(vi)
=
put/
bring
sth
to
an
end
=
put/
bring
an
end
to
sth
14.be
proud
of
/
take
pride
in
15.think
little/
highly
of
16.one-third
two
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-thirds
seventy-five
percent
17.give
out
18.give
off
19.give
away
20.be
known
as
四.
课文完形答案：1.
smelly
2.
nervous
3.
an
4.
ruins
5.
injured
6.
electricity
7.
useless
8.
organized
9.
survivors
10.
breathe
五．单词拼写答案:
1.
Shake
2.
ho
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )use
3.
burst
4.
ruined
5.
destroyed
6.
fresh
7.
smelly
8.
shelter
9.
European
10.
buried
11.orga
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nizing 12. electricity 13.
disaster 14. Fresh
1 5.
Judging 16.
injured
六．选词填空答案：
of
in
across
By
from
on
with
to
七．句型巩固答案：
1).
The
building
is
in
ruins.
2).
The
church
has
fallen
into
ruin.
3).
Not
knowing
his
address,
I
can’t
send
this
book
to
him.
4).
Without
anyone
noticing,
he
slipped
through
the
window.
5).
Both
of
the
students
don’t
like
the
story.
6).
Neither
of
the
students
likes
the
story.
八．单句改错答案
1
drop
“don’t”
2
be-be
so
3
drop
“do”
4
calling-called
5
happened-that
happened
6.remained-rem
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aining 7.understand-understood 8.fewer-smaller
9.them-whom
10.entering-into
九。单项选择
1.
A
2.
C
3.
A
4.
C
5.
C
6.
C
7.
C
8.
C
9.
A
10.
B
11.
D
12.
D
13.
B
14.
C
15.
C
16.
D
17.
C
18.
C19.
B
20.
B
21.
B
22.
D
23.
C
24.
C
25.
D
十．语法专练
Keys:
I. 1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.B 9. D 10 B
II.
11.Have you found the bike (that/which) you are looking for
12.The book ( that/ which) I bought yesterday is very interesting.
13.I saw some trees whose leaves were black with disease.
14.The girl who/ tha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t is playing the piano over there is our monitor.
15.He was born in a town that/ which is far away from this city.
Unit
4
Earthquakes学案
I词语辨析
1．1).
congratulate
2).
celebrate
3．1).
raised
2).
Lift
3).
rise
4．1).
wounded
2).
injured
3).
Hurt
II词性变化
答案:
1)
nations
2)
national
3)
Frightened
4)
was
frightened
5)
frightening
6)
suffered
7)
sufferers
8)
suffering
Ⅲ重点词汇
1．答案:
1).
Water-pipes
often
burst
in
cold
weather.
2).
The
sun
burst
through
the
clouds.
2．答案:
1).
has
been
rescued
2).
rescued
3．答案:
1).
Judging
2).
In
her
judgment
4．答案:
1).
The
building
is
in
ruins.
2).
The
church
has
fallen
into
ruin.
Ⅳ
重点词组
1．答案:
1).
I
want
it
typed
right
away,
please.
2．答案:
1).
by
the
end
of
2).
in
the
end
3).
at
the
end
of
3．答案:
1).
B
2).
D
4．答案:
1).
A
2).
B
V重点句子
1．
1).
Not
knowing
his
address,
I
can’t
send
this
book
to
him.
2).
Without
anyone
noticing,
he
slipped
through
the
window.
2．
1).
Both
of
the
students
don’t
like
the
story.
2).
Neither
of
the
students
likes
the
story.
课文佳句背诵与仿写
1．【模仿1】答案：The
Li
Yu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )chun
phenomenon,
however,
goes
far
beyond
her
voice,
which
even
the
most
ardent
fans
admit
is
pretty
weak
【模仿2】答案：It
is
repor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ted
that
heart
disease
and
cancer
are
now
the
top
killers
of
middle-aged
people
in
China,
which
give
us
a
warming.
2.【模仿1】答案：More
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )han
20
days
of
drought
and
high
temperatures
since
early
July
have
hit
the
population
of
Chongqin,
50%
of
whom
are
in
a
state
of
a
severe
lack
of
water.
【模仿2】答案：There
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
were
662
people
who
competed
in
the
selection
of
Olympic
mascots,
of
whom
611
were
from
the
Chinese
mainland,
12
from
Hong
Kong,
Macao
and
Taiwan,
and
39
from
abroad.