高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册至第四册语法 课件（共29张PPT)
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| 名称 | 高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册至第四册语法 课件（共29张PPT) |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 1.8MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-07-16 18:17:02 | ||
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(共29张PPT)
期末语法回顾(选必三—选必四)
选择性必修三 Unit 1 不定式to do 作表语
Unit 2 不定式to do 作主语
Unit 3 直接引语间接引语
Unit 4 现在完成进行时 have/has
been doing
Unit 5 复习定语从句
选择性必修四 Unit 1 复习被动语态
Unit 2 过去分词 v-ed
Unit 3 复习不定式to do
Unit 4 短语的构成与功能
Unit 5 简单句、并列句与复杂句
动词不定式作表语
Tip 1：主语是以 __________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 等为中心的名词词组时，或者以 ________________________ 表示时，一般用动词不定式作表语说明主语的内容。
problem, task, wish, aim, suggestion, duty, hope, idea, intention, plan, purpose, way
动词不定式
difficulty, experience, job, method,
what引导的名词性从句
有时，根据表达的需要，在作表语的不定式前，还可添加疑问代词或疑问副词，包括 what, who, how, when, where 等。
例如：The problem was how to begin.
选择性必修三Unit 1 不定式作表语
Tip 2：当主语包含定语从句且其先行词为代词_____或者主语被___________________或形容词________修饰时，其后可接“系动词+不定式”作句子的表语。
All he wanted was _______________.
他只想一个人待着。
The least I can do to help is ________________.
我所能帮的最起码的事是借给她一辆车。
to be left alone
to lend her a car
all
only, first, one, least
最高级
动词不定式
Activity 2: Observe and Discover
例1. It is +adj.+(for sb) to do
eg: It is easy for me to learn how to drive.学开车对我来说很轻松。
It is +adj.+(of sb) to do
eg:It is clever of you to apply for the position. 你申请这个职位真是明智的。
例2. It is +n.+ to do sth( an honour, our duty, a pity, a shame)
eg:It is our duty to take care of you. 照顾你是我们的责任。
例3. It takes/took sb some time to do sth.
It takes me half an hour to do my housework. 我花了半个小时做家务。
不定式作主语，it 做形式主语的常见结构：
选择性必修三Unit 2 不定式作主语
注意：
在It is＋no use/no good/useless/a waste of time ...句型中常用动词-ing
形式作真正的主语。
It is no use waiting here doing nothing.
无所事事地在这里等待是没有用的。
3.动词不定式与疑问词who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how连用构成不定式短语做主语。
How to use the computer is the question.
如何使用计算机是个问题。
Where to go has not been decided.
去哪儿还没有定下来。
【探究总结】
(1)表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在,甚至将来,强调动作的____。
(2)表示从过去到现在的一段时间内反复进行的动作,强调动作的_______。
(3)常表示____、____等感彩。
过程
反复性
感慨
赞许
选择性必修三Unit 3 现在完成进行时
写人：1. My favorite teacher is Miss Li who has taught me knowledge of English and wisdom for growth.
写物：2. I hope you will write an article which introduces American festival customs for our school English newspaper.
写事：3. I am writing to invite you to attend our school programme “talk and talk”, which is designed to broaden our horizons.
4. A speech contest whose theme is about protecting traditional culture will be held in our school on June 14th.
写地点：5. As we all know, Kaifeng is a famous tourist city, where(=in which) people can visit lots of scenic spots.
写时间：6. The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important occasion when (=on which ) we are reunited with family for many celebrations.
写原因：7. The reason why (= for which) I want to apply for a position in the summer camp is very simple.
选择性必修三Unit 5 定语从句 记住人家的所有关系词
随堂练习
1. It is bad manners ________(stare) at someone that you are not familiar with.
2．Picking up the award, she declared she had no plans ________(retire) from her business.
3. My ambition is ______________(become) a scientist.
4. The students _______________________(prepare)for the exam during this month.
to stare
to retire
to become
have been preparing
A girl who has a gift for drawing
I went to an exhibition last month, ___46___ I admired a lot of wonderful paintings. Mary, ___47___drawings were shown at the exhibition, is a model student ___48___is often praised for her good work at school. As soon as we got into the exhibition hall ___49___ the paintings were on show, our eyes were caught by a very large picture ___50___was hung on the wall in front of us. The horse ____51____was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse. The man ___52___was riding on it looked like a living man. It was the best picture ___53___ I had ever seen, and I should say Mary is the best young painter ___54___I have ever heard of. However, you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter. One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing before she became the best young painter ______55______has ever been heard of in her hometown. But if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it, I will certainly agree with you.
46. where
47．whose
48．who/that
49．Where
50．that/ which
51．that/ which
52．who/that
53．that
54．that
55．that
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去看画展的一次经历。
46．考查非限制性定语从句关系副词。句意：上个月我去了一个展览会，在那里我欣赏了很多很棒的画。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为an exhibition，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语，意为“在那里”。故填where。
47．考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。句意：玛丽的画作在展览会上展出，她是一个模范学生，经常因为她在学校的出色表现而受到表扬。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Mary，关系代词whose在从句中作定语，表示所有关系。故填whose。
48．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同2题。先行词为a model student，关系代词who/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。
49．考查定语从句关系副词。句意：当我们进入展览大厅的时候，我们的眼睛被挂在我们面前墙上的巨幅画吸引住了。先行词为the exhibition hall，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
50．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同4句。先行词为picture，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。
51．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：画中的马和真正的马一模一样。先行词为The horse，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。
52．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：骑在上面的人看起来像个活人。先行词为The man，关系代词who/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。
53．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这是我见过的最好的画，我应该说 Mary 是我听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the best picture，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指物，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用 which。故填that。
54．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同8题。先行词为the best young painter，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用who。故填that。
55．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：她的一个老师告诉我，玛丽花了几千个小时学习和练习绘画，才成为她家乡听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the best young painter，关系代词that在从句中作主语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用who。故填that。
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 do/does
一般过去时 did
一般将来时 will do am/is/are going to do
现在进行时 am/is/are doing
过去进行时 was/were doing
过去将来时 would do
现在完成时 have/has done
过去完成时 had done
将来完成时 will/shall have done
am/is/are done
was/were done
will be done
am/is/are going to be done
am/is/are being done
would be done
was/ were being done
have/has been done
had been done
will/shall have been done
选必四Unit 1 被动语态各个时态的被动语态构成
1.作定语（attribute)
2.作状语(adverbial)
4. 作表语(predicative)
过去分词
3.作宾补(object complement)
选必四Unit 3 过去分词v-ed 表被动、完成
5.作定语（attribute)
2.作表语(predicative)
6.作状语(adverbial)
动词不定式
4.作宾补、主补(object/subject complement)
1.作主语（subject)
3.作宾语（object)
选必四Unit 3 不定式to do
选必四Unit 4 短语的分类、构成与功能
5.Prep.P
2.VP
短语
4.Adv.P
1.NP
3.Adj.P
随堂练习
1. His words were ____________________(discourage)，which made many people ____________________(discourage).
他的话令人泄气， 使得很多人灰心丧气。
2. The old man went into the room，____________(support) by his wife.
那个老人在妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。
=The old man _________________(support) by his wife and went into the room.
3, It’s a great honour for me __________________(invite).
能被邀请，甚是荣幸。
4. Check your composition __________(avoid)mistakes.
为避免错误，检查一下你的作文。
discouraging
discouraged
supported
was supported
to be invited
to avoid
在设空处填写括号内单词的适当形式。
1.（2025年全国二卷）If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ________ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
【答案】left。
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。
2.（24-25高三下·江苏南通·阶段练习）In the height of summer, the normally peaceful village of Dazhai in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region becomes a hot tourist destination________ (crowd) with people experiencing its ethnic charm.
【答案】crowded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在盛夏时节，广西壮族自治区的大寨村这个通常宁静的村庄变成了一个热门的旅游目的地，挤满了体验其民族魅力的人们。本句谓语为becomes，此处为非谓语动词，且a hot tourist destination与crowd“挤满”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填crowded。
3.（2025年全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds.
【60题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。
故填are revealed。
4.（2025年全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____62____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.
答案：to discover。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover
5.（2025·江苏·模拟预测）According to a study by researchers at the University of Kansas, a relationship takes about 50 hours together in the __________ (share) activities to shift from just acquaintances (相识) to casual friends.
【答案】shared
【详解】考查形容词。句意：根据堪萨斯大学研究人员的一项研究，一段关系需要在共享活动中相处大约50个小时，才能从仅仅是熟人转变为普通朋友。此处修饰名词activities，用形容词shared“共享的”，作定语。故填shared。
6. In recent years, there has been much complaining about the “waning (减少) of nianwei” given the changes (see) in the way people celebrated the Spring Festival.
【答案】seen
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，由于人们庆祝春节的方式发生了变化，有很多人抱怨“年味正在减弱”。此处需要非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词change，change与see是被动关系，先于谓语动词发生，因此需要使用非谓语动词的过去分词形式。故填seen。
7. （2025·重庆·一模）The Chinese language classes, (teach) by instructors from the Confucius Institute at the University of Malta, range from beginner to intermediate levels and are tailored to different age groups and skill levels.
【答案】taught
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：汉语课程由马耳他大学孔子学院教师授课，涵盖初级到中级水平，针对不同年龄段和技能水平的学生量身定制。句中谓语是range，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，故填taught。
8. Chinese hit video game Black Myth: Wukong (take) the gaming world by storm, selling more than 10 million copies across all platforms over just the past three days after its release.
【答案】has taken
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：中国热门视频游戏《黑神话：悟空》自发布以来的三天内，在所有平台上售出了超过1000万份，席卷了整个游戏界。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语over just the past three days可知，本句话为现在完成时态，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填has taken。
9. Tai Chi (be) similar to yoga. It can control people’s emotions while exercising the body, which is good for physical and mental health.
【答案】is
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：太极拳和瑜伽很相似。它可以在锻炼身体的同时控制人们的情绪，这对身心健康都有好处。句子为系表结构，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语Tai Chi是专有名词，为单数概念，be动词应用is。故填is。
10. A print edition of the Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian), which (publish) in 1171, is one such example. Written in the 1st century BC by Sima Qian, it’s a foundation text of Chinese history.
【答案】was published
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：1171年出版的印刷版《史记》就是这样一个例子。这部著作由司马迁于公元前 1 世纪撰写而成，是研究中国历史的重要典籍。根据in 1171可知，句子时态为一般过去时，A print edition of the Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian)与publish之间是被动关系，即“《史记》的印刷版被出版”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was published。
青松班寄语
青松立雪显担当，
笃志勤学翰墨香。
莫畏书山高万仞，
且将星月做文章。
Thank you！
期末语法回顾(选必三—选必四)
选择性必修三 Unit 1 不定式to do 作表语
Unit 2 不定式to do 作主语
Unit 3 直接引语间接引语
Unit 4 现在完成进行时 have/has
been doing
Unit 5 复习定语从句
选择性必修四 Unit 1 复习被动语态
Unit 2 过去分词 v-ed
Unit 3 复习不定式to do
Unit 4 短语的构成与功能
Unit 5 简单句、并列句与复杂句
动词不定式作表语
Tip 1：主语是以 __________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 等为中心的名词词组时，或者以 ________________________ 表示时，一般用动词不定式作表语说明主语的内容。
problem, task, wish, aim, suggestion, duty, hope, idea, intention, plan, purpose, way
动词不定式
difficulty, experience, job, method,
what引导的名词性从句
有时，根据表达的需要，在作表语的不定式前，还可添加疑问代词或疑问副词，包括 what, who, how, when, where 等。
例如：The problem was how to begin.
选择性必修三Unit 1 不定式作表语
Tip 2：当主语包含定语从句且其先行词为代词_____或者主语被___________________或形容词________修饰时，其后可接“系动词+不定式”作句子的表语。
All he wanted was _______________.
他只想一个人待着。
The least I can do to help is ________________.
我所能帮的最起码的事是借给她一辆车。
to be left alone
to lend her a car
all
only, first, one, least
最高级
动词不定式
Activity 2: Observe and Discover
例1. It is +adj.+(for sb) to do
eg: It is easy for me to learn how to drive.学开车对我来说很轻松。
It is +adj.+(of sb) to do
eg:It is clever of you to apply for the position. 你申请这个职位真是明智的。
例2. It is +n.+ to do sth( an honour, our duty, a pity, a shame)
eg:It is our duty to take care of you. 照顾你是我们的责任。
例3. It takes/took sb some time to do sth.
It takes me half an hour to do my housework. 我花了半个小时做家务。
不定式作主语，it 做形式主语的常见结构：
选择性必修三Unit 2 不定式作主语
注意：
在It is＋no use/no good/useless/a waste of time ...句型中常用动词-ing
形式作真正的主语。
It is no use waiting here doing nothing.
无所事事地在这里等待是没有用的。
3.动词不定式与疑问词who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how连用构成不定式短语做主语。
How to use the computer is the question.
如何使用计算机是个问题。
Where to go has not been decided.
去哪儿还没有定下来。
【探究总结】
(1)表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在,甚至将来,强调动作的____。
(2)表示从过去到现在的一段时间内反复进行的动作,强调动作的_______。
(3)常表示____、____等感彩。
过程
反复性
感慨
赞许
选择性必修三Unit 3 现在完成进行时
写人：1. My favorite teacher is Miss Li who has taught me knowledge of English and wisdom for growth.
写物：2. I hope you will write an article which introduces American festival customs for our school English newspaper.
写事：3. I am writing to invite you to attend our school programme “talk and talk”, which is designed to broaden our horizons.
4. A speech contest whose theme is about protecting traditional culture will be held in our school on June 14th.
写地点：5. As we all know, Kaifeng is a famous tourist city, where(=in which) people can visit lots of scenic spots.
写时间：6. The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important occasion when (=on which ) we are reunited with family for many celebrations.
写原因：7. The reason why (= for which) I want to apply for a position in the summer camp is very simple.
选择性必修三Unit 5 定语从句 记住人家的所有关系词
随堂练习
1. It is bad manners ________(stare) at someone that you are not familiar with.
2．Picking up the award, she declared she had no plans ________(retire) from her business.
3. My ambition is ______________(become) a scientist.
4. The students _______________________(prepare)for the exam during this month.
to stare
to retire
to become
have been preparing
A girl who has a gift for drawing
I went to an exhibition last month, ___46___ I admired a lot of wonderful paintings. Mary, ___47___drawings were shown at the exhibition, is a model student ___48___is often praised for her good work at school. As soon as we got into the exhibition hall ___49___ the paintings were on show, our eyes were caught by a very large picture ___50___was hung on the wall in front of us. The horse ____51____was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse. The man ___52___was riding on it looked like a living man. It was the best picture ___53___ I had ever seen, and I should say Mary is the best young painter ___54___I have ever heard of. However, you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter. One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing before she became the best young painter ______55______has ever been heard of in her hometown. But if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it, I will certainly agree with you.
46. where
47．whose
48．who/that
49．Where
50．that/ which
51．that/ which
52．who/that
53．that
54．that
55．that
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去看画展的一次经历。
46．考查非限制性定语从句关系副词。句意：上个月我去了一个展览会，在那里我欣赏了很多很棒的画。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为an exhibition，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语，意为“在那里”。故填where。
47．考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。句意：玛丽的画作在展览会上展出，她是一个模范学生，经常因为她在学校的出色表现而受到表扬。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Mary，关系代词whose在从句中作定语，表示所有关系。故填whose。
48．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同2题。先行词为a model student，关系代词who/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。
49．考查定语从句关系副词。句意：当我们进入展览大厅的时候，我们的眼睛被挂在我们面前墙上的巨幅画吸引住了。先行词为the exhibition hall，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
50．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同4句。先行词为picture，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。
51．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：画中的马和真正的马一模一样。先行词为The horse，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。
52．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：骑在上面的人看起来像个活人。先行词为The man，关系代词who/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。
53．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这是我见过的最好的画，我应该说 Mary 是我听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the best picture，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指物，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用 which。故填that。
54．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同8题。先行词为the best young painter，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用who。故填that。
55．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：她的一个老师告诉我，玛丽花了几千个小时学习和练习绘画，才成为她家乡听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the best young painter，关系代词that在从句中作主语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用who。故填that。
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 do/does
一般过去时 did
一般将来时 will do am/is/are going to do
现在进行时 am/is/are doing
过去进行时 was/were doing
过去将来时 would do
现在完成时 have/has done
过去完成时 had done
将来完成时 will/shall have done
am/is/are done
was/were done
will be done
am/is/are going to be done
am/is/are being done
would be done
was/ were being done
have/has been done
had been done
will/shall have been done
选必四Unit 1 被动语态各个时态的被动语态构成
1.作定语（attribute)
2.作状语(adverbial)
4. 作表语(predicative)
过去分词
3.作宾补(object complement)
选必四Unit 3 过去分词v-ed 表被动、完成
5.作定语（attribute)
2.作表语(predicative)
6.作状语(adverbial)
动词不定式
4.作宾补、主补(object/subject complement)
1.作主语（subject)
3.作宾语（object)
选必四Unit 3 不定式to do
选必四Unit 4 短语的分类、构成与功能
5.Prep.P
2.VP
短语
4.Adv.P
1.NP
3.Adj.P
随堂练习
1. His words were ____________________(discourage)，which made many people ____________________(discourage).
他的话令人泄气， 使得很多人灰心丧气。
2. The old man went into the room，____________(support) by his wife.
那个老人在妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。
=The old man _________________(support) by his wife and went into the room.
3, It’s a great honour for me __________________(invite).
能被邀请，甚是荣幸。
4. Check your composition __________(avoid)mistakes.
为避免错误，检查一下你的作文。
discouraging
discouraged
supported
was supported
to be invited
to avoid
在设空处填写括号内单词的适当形式。
1.（2025年全国二卷）If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ________ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
【答案】left。
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。
2.（24-25高三下·江苏南通·阶段练习）In the height of summer, the normally peaceful village of Dazhai in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region becomes a hot tourist destination________ (crowd) with people experiencing its ethnic charm.
【答案】crowded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在盛夏时节，广西壮族自治区的大寨村这个通常宁静的村庄变成了一个热门的旅游目的地，挤满了体验其民族魅力的人们。本句谓语为becomes，此处为非谓语动词，且a hot tourist destination与crowd“挤满”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填crowded。
3.（2025年全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds.
【60题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。
故填are revealed。
4.（2025年全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____62____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.
答案：to discover。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover
5.（2025·江苏·模拟预测）According to a study by researchers at the University of Kansas, a relationship takes about 50 hours together in the __________ (share) activities to shift from just acquaintances (相识) to casual friends.
【答案】shared
【详解】考查形容词。句意：根据堪萨斯大学研究人员的一项研究，一段关系需要在共享活动中相处大约50个小时，才能从仅仅是熟人转变为普通朋友。此处修饰名词activities，用形容词shared“共享的”，作定语。故填shared。
6. In recent years, there has been much complaining about the “waning (减少) of nianwei” given the changes (see) in the way people celebrated the Spring Festival.
【答案】seen
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，由于人们庆祝春节的方式发生了变化，有很多人抱怨“年味正在减弱”。此处需要非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词change，change与see是被动关系，先于谓语动词发生，因此需要使用非谓语动词的过去分词形式。故填seen。
7. （2025·重庆·一模）The Chinese language classes, (teach) by instructors from the Confucius Institute at the University of Malta, range from beginner to intermediate levels and are tailored to different age groups and skill levels.
【答案】taught
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：汉语课程由马耳他大学孔子学院教师授课，涵盖初级到中级水平，针对不同年龄段和技能水平的学生量身定制。句中谓语是range，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，故填taught。
8. Chinese hit video game Black Myth: Wukong (take) the gaming world by storm, selling more than 10 million copies across all platforms over just the past three days after its release.
【答案】has taken
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：中国热门视频游戏《黑神话：悟空》自发布以来的三天内，在所有平台上售出了超过1000万份，席卷了整个游戏界。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语over just the past three days可知，本句话为现在完成时态，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填has taken。
9. Tai Chi (be) similar to yoga. It can control people’s emotions while exercising the body, which is good for physical and mental health.
【答案】is
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：太极拳和瑜伽很相似。它可以在锻炼身体的同时控制人们的情绪，这对身心健康都有好处。句子为系表结构，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语Tai Chi是专有名词，为单数概念，be动词应用is。故填is。
10. A print edition of the Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian), which (publish) in 1171, is one such example. Written in the 1st century BC by Sima Qian, it’s a foundation text of Chinese history.
【答案】was published
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：1171年出版的印刷版《史记》就是这样一个例子。这部著作由司马迁于公元前 1 世纪撰写而成，是研究中国历史的重要典籍。根据in 1171可知，句子时态为一般过去时，A print edition of the Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian)与publish之间是被动关系，即“《史记》的印刷版被出版”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was published。
青松班寄语
青松立雪显担当，
笃志勤学翰墨香。
莫畏书山高万仞，
且将星月做文章。
Thank you！