选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 Science Fiction
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Last summer at a bookstore，my son Henry was fascinated by the cover of the first novel from Peter Brown’s middle-grade trilogy(三部曲)．He then finished it in just two days.“Dad，why did The Wild Robot have to be so sad？” He ①tearfully asked me.
The story is set on a remote island，where a robot named Roz learns to survive and communicate with the island’s creatures，and becomes part of the community.For my son，it was the first book he discovered on his own，the first to impact him with the mix of tragedy(悲剧) and joy.
When I finished the book，I knew why Henry loved it.In our book club discussion，he described how Brown’s pictures and words had made the story feel real.When talking about its final scenes，where Roz leaves to find repairs for her injured body，Henry cried again.His previous reading experiences had cheerful，“happily-ever-after” endings，but this book introduced him to the beauty of complex emotions.I tried to explain how sadness can enhance the meaning of happy moments，but failed to fully convince him.
Once our discussion ended，Henry requested to buy The Wild Robot Escapes and instantly fell in love with it.He read the first two books repeatedly，so you can imagine his excitement when we finally got a copy of The Wild Robot Protects.
We both agree it is worth the wait.Roz leaves the island again to stop an underwater threat：“the poison tide”．Brown ②expertly balances between breathtaking adventure and ③unsettling ideas—not just happiness and sadness，but also，given the climate-change undercurrents，hope and despair.
And，here’s something special about Roz：her physical clumsiness and confusion about life，conveyed through her expressive eyes and downturned mouth.Her story reflects the challenges of surviving in a strange place，much like a child’s journey.Readers love Roz.They learn from her.Even better，they learn alongside her.Roz gave Henry the power to push through the first book’s sad parts，getting him ready to appreciate that，sometimes，sadness isn’t a bad thing to feel.
1．What drove the author to read The Wild Robot
A．Its tragic ending.
B．Henry’s tearful recommendation.
C．Its attractive cover.
D．Henry’s emotional response to it.
2．What is one theme of The Wild Robot Protects
A．Family and community. B．Concerns of global issues.
C．Exploration of the ocean. D．Man-robot relationship.
3．What makes Roz in the trilogy special
A．Her childlike expressions. B．Her robotic power.
C．Her struggling experiences. D．Her adventurous spirit.
4．Which message does this text seem to communicate
A. Misfortune inspires great literary works.
B．Robot stories work like magic on children.
C．Book discussions help kids survive tragedies.
D．Reading literature facilitates personal growth.
语境猜词 ①tearfully(派)＝tear＋ful＋ly ②expertly(派)＝expert＋ly ③unsettling(派)＝un＋settl(e)＋ing
B
Throughout history，literature has been a mirror to society，capturing its evolution，revolutions，conflicts，and ambition.As readers，we often find comfort，inspiration，or severe realities through the world of words.Yet，in the 21st century，with a sharp rise in ①digitalization，literature’s canvas(画布) has expanded dramatically，leading to both enthusiasm and worry among literary enthusiasts.
Dr.Elizabeth Montgomery，a famous literary critic and professor at the Langford Literary University，set about an extensive study to decipher(破译) the changing landscape of literature in the digital age.“The printed word has a ②touchable beauty and permanence.Digital platforms，on the other hand，are vast，changing，and developing.This dichotomy(天壤之别) is interesting but also challenges traditional literary boundaries，” reflected Montgomery.
Montgomery’s study lasted over two years，involving a diverse group of 1,200 participants from various age groups and backgrounds.They were divided into three groups：the first experienced literature only through printed books，the second through e-books，and the third through interactive digital stories，which combine text，graphics，and user interaction.
Feedback revealed diverse insights.Printed book fans valued the sensory experience—the feel of pages，the smell of a book—claiming that it deepened their connection to the content.E-book readers appreciated the convenience and portability but missed the touchable experience of traditional books.However，the third group，who engaged with interactive digital stories，expressed excitement at being part of the story，though some felt it weakened the literary essence.
Further，the study found that interactive stories appealed especially to younger readers，suggesting a potential shift in future literary consumption patterns.Montgomery notes，“While traditionalists might find the digital development of literature disturbing，it’s undeniable that the boundary between readers and stories is becoming more ③foggy.The key is to balance innovation with the preservation of literary integrity.”
5．What was the purpose of Dr.Elizabeth Montgomery’s study
A. To promote digital platforms over printed books.
B．To explore the impact of digitalization on literature.
C．To present the landscape of the digital literature.
D．To challenge the traditional literary boundaries.
6．What can we learn about the participants who read printed books
A. They found it convenient to carry the books around.
B．They believed the books lacked the literary essence.
C．They thought they were happy to be involved in the story.
D．They felt the sensory experience promoted their understanding.
7．What does the study suggest about the future of literature consumption
A. Traditional books may be preferred by elder people.
B．Digital stories will enjoy equal preference of all ages.
C．Interactive stories may see a rise among younger readers.
D．E-books will replace printed books and dominate the market.
8．What is Montgomery’s attitude to the digital development of literature
A．Objective. B．Doubtful. C．Excited. D．Unconcerned.
语境猜词 ①digitalization(派)＝digital＋iz(e)＋ation ②touchable(派)＝touch＋able ③foggy(派)＝fog＋gy
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·河南豫北名校联考)
So，do you want to know how to read classic books Maybe you are excited to deal with classic literature but you don’t know where to start. 1 Here are some tips for enjoying classic literature and helping you get started.
Slow down the pace.The biggest difference between modern literature and classic literature is the pace.Modern reading can often feel like a short race. 2 If you try to ①apply short race techniques to a long distance run you will get tired ②pretty quickly.Well，the same is true with reading classic books.
3 One of the challenges when you start to read classic books is the language style.Words and phrases that are out of date or no longer relevant can make the writing difficult to understand.As it’s just not the way things are written or what is being talked about，it is common to jump over concepts that we don’t understand or words that we’ve never come across before.But，the key to reading classic books and enjoying them is taking time to understand them.So don’t ③shy away from looking things up.
Listen to the audio(有声的) book.Sometimes the best way to devote yourself to a classic book is to listen to it.Many classic books were intended to be read aloud.Books used to be very expensive，so people shared them.This meant that a family might gather together to listen to a few chapters every night. 4
Choose your favourite.Finally，the key to reading classic books and actually enjoying them is to choose one that actually appeals to you.Classic books can get mixed up into a single genre(流派)“Classic”． 5 Think about what you already love reading and look for books that suit your interest.
A．Look up dates and history.
B．But that’s really not the case.
C．Don’t be afraid to look things up.
D．However，classic literature is more of a marathon.
E．A character list can keep who is related to whom in check.
F．Listening to audio books is a lovely way to continue that tradition.
G．Or perhaps you’ve tried reading classics before and don’t really get the main points.
1．A B C D E F G
2．A B C D E F G
3．A B C D E F G
4．A B C D E F G
5．A B C D E F G
语境猜词 ①apply(熟义：v.申请) 生义(文义) ： ②pretty(熟义：adj.漂亮的；美丽的) 生义(文义) ： ③shy away
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
As a writer，I miss rejection ①slips.Not that I enjoyed receiving those pre-printed slips of paper，but at least when I got one，I was pretty sure that a flesh-and-blood 1 had put it in the envelope.And there was always the chance I might see a handwritten sentence on the bottom， 2 the piece almost made it.When an editor at McCall’s wrote，“I’m afraid I have to say no on this 3 piece，but try me again on another，would you？” It was almost as 4 to me as if she had said，“We’ll 5 it and here is an ②advance for you.”
Nowadays，rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online ③submissions.Most editors don’t feel it a must to 6 your work because they receive so many 7 each day.
For me，there are three 8 of rejection slip pain.The first is 9 brought on by finding a flat “no” on a(n) 10 piece of paper，then followed by anger (how could they 11 a piece that is obviously so much 12 than most of the stuff they print)，and，finally，rebirth：I will live to 13 a new piece another day.
Learning to 14 rejection seems like part of growing up as a writer.Despite the many letters of acceptance I have received，my ④folder of “Noteworthy Rejection Slips” is far 15 than that of “Noteworthy Acceptances”，which indicates to me the fact：I still have some growing up to do.
1．A.writer B．reader
C．mailman D．editor
2．A.demanding B．indicating
C．suspecting D．arguing
3．A.boring B．novel
C．lengthy D．particular
4．A.vivid B．complex
C．thrilling D．amusing
5．A.buy B．reject
C．check D．substitute
6．A.prove B．determine
C．explain D．acknowledge
7．A.proposals B．drafts
C．contributions D．instructions
8．A.meanings B．stages
C．wonders D．rewards
9．A.relief B．upset
C．anger D．hesitation
10．A.loose B．expensive
C．characterless D．shiny
11．A.make up B．put away
C．turn down D．insist on
12．A.easier B．better
C．shorter D．longer
13．A.print B．copy
C．download D．submit
14．A.accept B．criticize
C．judge D．evaluate
15．A.fatter B．fancier
C．older D．newer
语境猜词 ①slip(熟义：v.滑倒) 生义(文义)： ②advance(熟义：n.前进，进步) 生义(文义)： ③submission(派)＝submi(t)＋s＋sion ④folder(派)＝fold＋er
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The Tongcheng School(桐城派) developed in the Qing Dynasty，originating from the city of Tongcheng in Anhui Province.It 1. (found) by a group of scholars like Fang Bao，Liu Dakui，and Yao Nai，2. were dedicated to preserving and promoting classical Chinese prose(散文) and literary style.Fang Bao,3. key figure of the school，advocated for “Yi Fa” as the ①foundational theory for the school’s writing style.Here，“Yi” refers 4. the central themes or ideas of an article，while “Fa” relates to the literary form and ②craftsmanship.
The works 5. (produce) under the Tongcheng School emphasized clarity and directness in conveying the message of the text，avoiding complex language.This resulted in a style that was brief and natural，although 6. (most) lacking in vividness.Notable works include “Prison Notes” by Fang Bao and “Ascent to Mount Tai” by Yao Nai.
The influence of the Tongcheng School on 7. (late) generations was significant.Its commitment to classical prose influenced numerous scholars and writers,8.____________(shape) the literary standards and critical approaches of periods afterwards.The school’s emphasis on clarity，precision，and 9.____________(elegant) in prose writing laid the ③groundwork for the development of modern Chinese literary criticism.Furthermore，its impact extended beyond literature into 10. (area) of cultural and intellectual history，strengthening the value of classical education and scholarly discipline in Chinese intellectual life.
语境猜词 ①foundational(派)＝found＋ation＋al ②craftsmanship(合)＝craftsman＋ship ③groundwork(合)＝ground＋work
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①adv.泪汪汪地；流泪地 ②adv.熟练地 ③adj.令人不安的
B．①n.数字化 ②adj.可触的 ③adj.模糊的
Ⅱ.①vt.应用；运用 ②adv.很；相当 ③畏避；回避
Ⅲ.①n.便条；纸条 ②n.预付款 ③n.提交；呈递 ④n.文件夹
Ⅳ.①adj.基础的；基本的 ②n.手艺，工艺 ③n.基础
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的儿子阅读《荒岛机器人》三部曲的体验和感悟。
1．D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Dad，why did The Wild Robot have to be so sad？’ He tearfully asked me.”、第二段最后一句“For my son，it was the first...and joy.”以及第三段首句“When I finished the book，I knew why Henry loved it.”可知，亨利对这本书的情绪反应促使作者阅读《荒野机器人》。故选D。]
2．B [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Roz leaves the island again to stop an underwater threat...Brown expertly balances between breathtaking adventure and unsettling ideas...given the climate-change undercurrents，hope and despair.”可推知，《荒岛机器人3》的主题之一是对全球问题的关注。故选B。]
3．C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Her story reflects the challenges of surviving in a strange place，much like a child’s journey.”和“Even better，they learn alongside her.”可知，罗兹在三部曲中的特别之处在于她在一个陌生之地面临的求生挑战。故选C。]
4．D [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Readers love Roz.They learn from her.Even...Roz gave Henry the power to push through the first book’s sad parts，getting him ready to appreciate that，sometimes，sadness isn’t a bad thing to feel.”并结合全文可知，这篇文章想表达的是阅读文学作品有助于个人成长。故选D。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了著名文学评论家伊丽莎白·蒙哥马利博士展开了一项广泛的研究，以解读数字时代不断变化的文学局面。
5．B [推理判断题。根据第二段中“Dr.Elizabeth Montgomery...set about an extensive study to decipher(破译) the changing landscape of literature in the digital age.”可知，伊丽莎白·蒙哥马利博士进行研究来解读数字化时代不断变化的文学的局面，可推断她研究的目的是探究数字化对文学的影响。故选B。]
6．D [细节理解题。根据第四段中“Printed book fans valued the sensory experience—the feel of pages，the smell of a book—claiming that it deepened their connection to the content.”可知，阅读印刷书籍的参与者觉得感官体验促进了他们对内容的理解。故选D。]
7．C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Further，the study found that interactive stories appealed especially to younger readers，suggesting a potential shift in future literary consumption patterns.”可知，这项研究发现互动故事尤其吸引年轻读者，所以互动故事可能会在年轻读者中兴起。故选C。]
8．A [观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Montgomery notes，‘While traditionalists might find the digital development of literature disturbing，it’s undeniable that the boundary between readers and stories is becoming more foggy.The key is to balance innovation with the preservation of literary integrity.’”可推知，蒙哥马利认为文学的数字化发展是客观趋势，并建议寻求平衡，可推知她对文学的数字化发展持客观态度。故选A。]
Ⅱ.
1．G [空前“Maybe you are excited to deal with classic literature but you don’t know where to start.”描述了你想阅读经典文学，但不知从何开始的可能性；选项G“Or perhaps you’ve tried reading classics before and don’t really get the main points.”指出了另一种可能性：没有真正读懂，衔接上文，并引出下文的建议。故选G。]
2．D [空前“The biggest difference between modern literature and classic literature is the pace.Modern reading can often feel like a short race.”提出了现代文学与经典文学之间存在节奏上的区别，并指出现代文学像短跑；选项D“However，classic literature is more of a marathon.”描述了经典文学更像马拉松，与现代文学形成对比，语意衔接合理，符合语境。故选D。]
3．C [空处为第三段段落主题句，参考第二、四、五段可知，应用祈使句。结合第三段最后一句“So don’t shy away from looking things up.”和全段内容分析，选项C“Don’t be afraid to look things up.”符合段落主题。故选C。]
4．F [根据本段主题句“Listen to the audio book.”可知，该段介绍通过听有声书来欣赏经典文学的方法，结合空处上一句“This meant that a family might gather together to listen to a few chapters every night.”可知，选项F“Listening to audio books is a lovely way to continue that tradition.”符合段落主题内容，“that tradition”指代上一句提出的家人聚在一起听书的传统，衔接合理。故选F。]
5．B [由上一句“Classic books can get mixed up into a single genre(流派) ‘Classic’．”和下一句“Think about what you already love reading and look for books that suit your interest.”并结合该段主题句“Choose your favourite.”可知，经典书籍并不是只有一个流派，你可以选择你最喜欢和最适合你的，选项B“But that’s really not the case.”对于上一句提出的单一流派进行了否定，同时可引出下一句给出的建议，承上启下，符合语境。故选B。]
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名作家，对于自己的投稿被拒绝的一些感悟。
1．D [根据下文“had put it in the envelope”可知，把退稿通知放进信封的是编辑。故选D。]
2．B [根据上文“I might see a handwritten sentence on the bottom”可知，编辑手写的句子表明这篇文章几乎快要成功了。故选B。]
3．D [根据下文“but try me again on another”可知，这是编辑对于退稿的委婉的说法，赞扬文章很特别，但是不得不拒绝，并鼓励作者再接再厉。故选D。]
4．C [根据上文“but try me again on another”可知，收到编辑的鼓励应该是一件令人兴奋的事情。故选C。]
5．A [根据下文“here is an advance for you”可知，此处表示将要购买，先付了预付款。故选A。]
6．D [根据上文“Nowadays，rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online submissions.”可知，如今，由于网上投稿的使用，退稿单似乎已经消失了，大多数编辑并不觉得必须告知他们已经收到你的作品。acknowledge此处为熟词生义，意为“告知收到”。故选D。]
7．C [根据上文“Most editors don’t feel it a must to your work”可知，此处指的是编辑每天收到很多投稿。故选C。]
8．B [根据下文“The first”，“then”和“finally”可知，此处指对作者而言，被退稿后的痛苦有三个阶段。故选B。]
9．B [根据下文“by finding a flat ‘no’”可知，发现被退稿后，作者首先有一种挫败感。故选B。]
10．C [根据上文“because they receive so many each day”可知，编辑每天要处理很多稿件，所以退稿的纸条应该是没有特点的，千篇一律的。故选C。]
11．C [根据上文“rejection slip pain”可知，作者在讲述被退稿后的感受，所以是作品被拒绝。故选C。]
12．B [根据上文“anger”和下文“than most of the stuff they print”可知，作者认为自己的投稿明显比他们印刷的大多数东西都要好得多。故选B。]
13．D [根据下文“a new piece another day”可知，此处表示重新提交一份新的作品。故选D。]
14．A [根据下文“seems like part of growing up as a writer”可知，作者认为学会接受被退稿是作为作家成长的一部分。故选A。]
15．A [根据下文“I still have some growing up to do”可知，作者还有一些成长的空间，即作者的“值得注意的退稿通知书”文件夹比“值得注意的录用通知书”文件夹要厚得多。故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.was founded 2.who 3.a 4.to 5.produced
6．mostly 7.later 8.shaping 9.elegance 10.areas选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 Iconic Attractions
60分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分17.5分)
A
Four of the Best Off-grid(不入网的) Stays in the UK
Shepherds’ Retreat
Granite peaks，vivid green fields and speeding clouds are your only neighbours at this remote cottage in the Sperrins.Glass doors open straight on to this landscape，and though there’s no phone reception or Wi-Fi，there’s a TV with DVDs，and plenty of books to enjoy by the fire.There are stone circles and mountain bike routes nearby.
Laggan Cottage
On the Ardnish Peninsula(半岛) and accessible only by boat—or a three-hour hike—this comfortable off-grid pad is seriously isolated(偏僻的)．There’s zero mobile signal and no TV.Paraffin lamps，wood-burning stoves for hot water and a Calor gas cooker are the only modern conveniences you get.It is perfect for a week of watching the wildlife，hiking，and swimming.
The Straw Cottage
Candles and lanterns，gas lamps and solar lights create atmosphere at this straw-bale cottage，constructed using centuries-old methods.With no electricity or Wi-Fi，this home set on Ty Gwyn Farm offers true escapism.Young explorers can play in the stream，follow a treasure hunt and toast marshmallows by the fire.Dogs are welcome，too.
East Lodge
Other than the lack of Wi-Fi，East Lodge is a perfectly contemporary cottage.Arch windows accompany modern conveniences including a TV and DVDs for movie nights，though you may prefer to switch off and focus on outdoor fun，biking on nature routes and watching the wildlife.
1．What might attract travellers to the four holiday destinations
A．Back-to-nature stays. B．Convenient locations.
C．Stylish decorations. D．Modern conveniences.
2．What can visitors do in Laggan Cottage and East Lodge
A．Watch TV. B．Swim in the sea.
C．Read by the fire. D．Watch the wildlife.
3．Which cottage is pet-friendly
A．Shepherds’ Retreat. B．Laggan Cottage.
C．The Straw Cottage. D．East Lodge.
B
(2025·山东菏泽模拟预测)
Antarctica has not always been a land of ice and snow.Earth’s southernmost continent once was home to rivers and forests full of life.
Scientists are using satellite observations and radar ①imagery to look deep under the ice.The researchers report finding a large ancient landscape buried under the continent’s ice sheet.It is full of valleys and ridges(山脊)，shaped by rivers before being covered by glaciers long ago.
The landscape is located in East Antarctica’s Wilkes Land area ②bordering the Indian Ocean.The researchers said the landscape appears to date back to at least 14 million years ago and perhaps beyond 34 million years ago，when Antarctica entered its deep freeze.
“It is difficult to know what this lost world might have looked like before the ice came along，but it was certainly warmer back then，” said Stewart Jamieson，a professor at Durham University.“Depending on how far back in time you go，you might have had climates that ranged anywhere from the climate of present-day Patagonia through to something more approaching tropical.”
“Such an environment likely would have been populated by wildlife，” Jamieson said.“But the area’s fossil record is too incomplete to know which animals may have lived there.”
The researchers said the surface of the planet Mars is better known than the earth surface below the ice in Antarctica.They said one way to learn more would be to drill through the ice and take a piece of the earth below.This could uncover evidence showing ancient life，as was done with samples taken in Greenland dating back two million years ago.
Jamieson said the researchers think that when Antarctica’s climate was warmer，rivers flowed toward a continental coastline that was created as the other land masses broke away.When the climate ③cooled，some small glaciers formed on hills next to the rivers.When the climate cooled even more，an ice sheet grew which covered the whole continent，and the landscape got preserved，likely for 34 million years.
4．What can we learn about the ancient landscape
A. It locates in the center of Antarctica.
B．It’s discovered by drilling through the ice.
C．It’s once a warmer area than it is now.
D．It has a history of no more than 14 million years.
5．In Stewart Jamieson’s opinion，why is it hard to know Antarctica’s past animals
A. There is a lack of complete fossil record.
B．The ice sheet of Antarctica is melting quickly.
C．Scientists lack enough advanced equipment.
D．Climate conditions vary greatly from place to place.
6．Why is the planet Mars mentioned in paragraph 6
A. To attract more scientists to study Antarctica.
B．To strengthen the importance of the Mars.
C．To indicate the complex situations of the Mars.
D．To show the difficulty to know Antarctica’s earth surface.
7．What made the landscape get preserved for such a long time
A. The colder climate.
B．The protection offered by coastlines.
C．Other land masses’ reduction.
D．A decrease in the number of wildlife.
语境猜词 ①imagery(派)＝image＋ry ②border(转)n.→v. ③cool(转)adj.→v.
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·安徽滁州二模)
How to Overcome Gym Anxiety
Here are some practical tips to help you overcome anxiety in the gym and create a positive，empowering experience for yourself.
Set realistic expectations.
The first step in overcoming gym anxiety is to set realistic expectations.Understand that everyone starts somewhere and that the gym is a place for personal growth and improvement. 1 Every individual in the gym is on their own unique fitness journey.
Plan ahead and ①familiarise yourself.
2 Before heading to the gym，plan your workout routine and familiarise yourself with the equipment you intend to use.Research exercise techniques and watch instructional videos to gain confidence and knowledge.By doing so，you’ll enter the gym with a sense of purpose and direction.
Start slowly and gradually.
Ease into your gym routine by starting with exercises and machines you are comfortable with. 3 Taking small steps will not only help you build physical strength but also improve your mental resilience (韧性)，empowering you to tackle new challenges.
4
Having a gym partner can provide huge support and motivation.Consider finding a friend who shares your fitness goals or seeking guidance from a personal trainer.A supportive companion or an expert can provide guidance，encourage you during workouts，and help remove anxiety by offering tips and ②feedback.
Practice mindfulness techniques.
Mindfulness exercises can be powerful tools to fight anxiety in any setting，including the gym. 5 Focusing on your breath and being present in the moment can help calm your mind and remove anxiety.Additionally，practicing mindfulness during your workout can enhance your mind-body connection，allowing you to fully involve yourself in the experience.
A．Find a gym partner or seek professional help.
B．Fight gym anxiety and unlock your true potential.
C．Remind yourself that progress certainly takes time.
D．Feeling prepared can significantly reduce anxiety levels.
E．Stepping foot inside a gym can cause feelings of anxiety.
F．Prior to your workout，take minutes to engage in deep breathing or thinking.
G．Gradually introduce new exercises or equipment as you become more confident.
1．A B C D E F G
2．A B C D E F G
3．A B C D E F G
4．A B C D E F G
5．A B C D E F G
语境猜词 ①familiarise(派)＝familiar＋ise ②feedback(合)＝feed＋back
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·江西鹰潭二模)
Changing the world may be impossible，but changing a world is realistic—that’s how Lorenzo Amani looks at life.Amani’s journey from the football team to the 1 world is a story of ①perseverance and personal growth.
Growing up in a military family，Amani experienced frequent moves and 2 requirements，which influenced his character and 3 his capacity to handle stress，particularly in sports. 4 ，a career-ending foot injury in his junior year 5 his dream of football.With the encouragement and assistance of coaches and the staff，Amani 6 his attention on other ②off-field interests—studying at Virginia Tech.“Student athletes at the time didn’t really study abroad，” he said.“We were generally too busy 7 our sport.This was a(n) 8 experience that taught me that we’re all a lot more alike than we are 9 ，even in various corners of the world.”
Following his graduation，Amani decided to 10 others facing the same 11 from college athletics to academics and careers post-college.It’s a(n) 12 many athletes struggle with—fewer than 2 percent of student athletes go on to be professional athletes.
Today，Amani has founded an athleisure clothing company，with a(n) 13 to contributing a portion of its profits to organizations that offer education training to minorities.Additionally，he remains devoted to 14 individuals，helping develop their leadership skills and financial literacy.
Amani’s experience proves that as long as we 15 setbacks bravely，we can change not just our own world，but the world of others as well.
1．A.science B．business
C．fashion D．sport
2．A.regular B．major
C．illegal D．strict
3．A.appreciated B．enhanced
C．covered D．restricted
4．A.Additionally B．Eventually
C．Nevertheless D．Instead
5．A.stopped B．inspired
C．presented D．interpreted
6．A.recalled B．removed
C．repeated D．refocused
7．A.referring to B．summing up
C．competing in D．contrasting with
8．A.normal B．fantastic
C．relevant D．adventurous
9．A.popular B．attractive
C．familiar D．different
10．A.assist B．satisfy
C．inform D．ignore
11．A.strategy B．choice
C．structure D．transformation
12．A.convention B．examination
C．challenge D．attitude
13．A.barrier B．commitment
C．assumption D．adaptation
14．A.guiding B．appreciating
C．persuading D．reminding
15．A.check B．recognize
C．hug D．observe
语境猜词 ①perseverance(派)＝persever(e)＋ance ②off-field(合)＝off＋field
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Mount Fanjing National Nature Reserve is located in the northeastern part of Tongren City in the Province of Guizhou.With a total area of 43,411 hectares and 96.5 percent forest 1._________(cover)，this nature reserve is home to many rare and endangered species such as the grey snub-nosed monkey，the Chinese Dove tree，the Fanjingshan Fir tree,2. an old-growth forest ecosystem.Inside the nature reserve，one can find layer upon layer of mountains and valleys，clear streams 3. (flow) into deep blue lakes，and mighty frozen waterfalls 4. form shimmering ice cascades in winter，making for 5. even more spectacular landscape.
In January of 2013，Tongren City officially applied 6.__________(consider) as a world heritage site.In October of the same year，Fanjing 7. (add) to China’s tentative(暂定的) list of national natural heritage.In February of this year，together with UNESCO，China formally supported the application of Guizhou’s Mount Fanjing 8.___________ World Heritage status.These applications aim to protect，Mount Fanjing’s old-growth forest ecosystem and rare flora and fauna，while at the same time exploiting 9. (it) ecological products，promoting sustainable local socio-economic development，and 10. (ultimate) achieving a productive balance between protection and development.
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.B.①n.成像；画像 ②接壤，毗邻 ③(使)冷却，(使)变凉
Ⅱ.①v.使熟悉 ②n.反馈意见
Ⅲ.①n.毅力 ②adj.场外的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国最好的四个没有网络、回归自然的度假胜地。
1．A [推理判断题。根据文章标题及正文介绍的这四个度假目的地的特点可知，这四个地方是没有网络的，是回归自然的度假胜地。故选A。]
2．D [细节理解题。根据Laggan Cottage部分关键句“It is perfect for a week of watching the wildlife，hiking，and swimming.”和East Lodge部分关键句“...though you may prefer to switch off and focus on outdoor fun，biking on nature routes and watching the wildlife.”可知，游客可以在Laggan Cottage和East Lodge观赏野生动物。故选D。]
3．C [细节理解题。根据The Straw Cottage部分关键句“Dogs are welcome，too.”可知，The Straw Cottage允许宠物进入。故选C。]
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。南极洲并不总是一片荒凉的冰雪之地，这块地球最南端的大陆曾经是布满河流和森林以及孕育着生命的家园。科学家们利用卫星观测和雷达影像发现了深藏在南极洲冰盖下的古老地貌。
4．C [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It is difficult to know what this lost world might have looked like before the ice came along，but it was certainly warmer back then”可知，很难知道这片“失落的世界”在冰出现之前是什么样子，但那时候肯定更温暖。故选C。]
5．A [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“But the area’s fossil record is too incomplete to know which animals may have lived there.”可知，该地区的化石记录的不完整导致无法了解过去有哪些野生动物在该地生存过。故选A。]
6．D [推理判断题。根据第六段中的“The researchers said the surface of the planet Mars is better known than the earth surface below the ice in Antarctica.”可推知，提及火星的目的是想要说明了解南极洲的地表非常困难。故选D。]
7．A [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“When the climate cooled even more，an ice sheet grew which covered the whole continent，and the landscape got preserved，likely for 34 million years.”可知，更寒冷的气候使景观得以保存这么长时间。故选A。]
Ⅱ.
1．C [根据本段标题“Set realistic expectations.”以及该空前文“Understand that everyone starts somewhere and that the gym is a place for personal growth and improvement.”可知，此处建议每个人必须要设定切实可行的期望，并且要明白每个人都是从某个地方开始的，并不是一蹴而就的。C选项“Remind yourself that progress certainly takes time.”符合语境，指出要时刻提醒自己进步是需要时间的，需要设定切实可行的期望。故选C。]
2．D [根据本段主旨“Plan ahead and familiarise yourself.”以及后文“Before heading to the gym，plan your workout routine and familiarise yourself with the equipment you intend to use.”可知，本段主要强调的是去健身房之前要好好计划并且做准备。D选项“Feeling prepared can significantly reduce anxiety levels.”指出做好健身准备可以显著降低焦虑程度，引起下文，同时与本段主旨呼应，符合语境。故选D。]
3．G [根据前文“Ease into your gym routine by starting with exercises and machines you are comfortable with.”可知，此处强调缓慢并且逐渐地开始自己的健身计划——从你喜欢的运动和器械开始。设空处应该强调接下来的健身过程。G选项“Gradually introduce new exercises or equipment as you become more confident.”承接前文，指出在原有的健身基础上，当自己变得自信时，逐渐引入新的运动或设备，符合语境。故选G。]
4．A [根据后文“Having a gym partner can provide huge support and motivation...help remove anxiety by offering tips and feedback.”可知，本段强调的是寻找一个健身伙伴和健身过程中寻求专业帮助的重要性。A选项“Find a gym partner or seek professional help.”概括本段主要内容，符合段落主旨。故选A。]
5．F [根据前文“Mindfulness exercises can be powerful tools to fight anxiety in any setting，including the gym.”以及后文“Focusing on your breath and being present in the moment can help calm your mind and remove anxiety.”可知，此处提出“正念练习”并对其作用进行阐述。F选项“Prior to your workout，take minutes to engage in deep breathing or thinking.”承接前文，指出在锻炼之前花几分钟做深呼吸或思考，符合语境。故选F。]
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Lorenzo Amani因为脚伤足球梦中断以后，重新将注意力集中在其他场外兴趣上——在弗吉尼亚理工大学学习，并最终转向了商界，致力于帮助他人。
1．B [science科学；business生意；fashion时尚；sport运动。后文“Amani has founded an athleisure clothing company”提到阿曼尼创立了一家运动休闲服装公司，由此可知此处表示从足球队转到商界。故选B。]
2．D [regular定期的；major主要的；illegal非法的；strict严格的。根据前文“Growing up in a military family”可知，在一个军人家庭长大，阿曼尼经历了频繁的搬家和严格的要求，故选D。]
3．B [appreciate感激；enhance加强；cover覆盖；restrict限制。根据后文“his capacity to handle stress，particularly in sports”可知，此处指频繁的搬家和严格的要求增强了他处理压力的能力，尤其是在运动方面。故选B。]
4．C [additionally此外；eventually最后；nevertheless然而；instead相反。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用nevertheless。故选C。]
5．A [stop停止；inspire鼓舞；present展示；interpret解释。根据前文“a career-ending foot injury in his junior year”可知，一场结束他职业生涯的脚伤阻止了他的足球梦。故选A。]
6．D [recall回想起；remove去除；repeat重复；refocus使重新集中。根据后文“his attention on other off-field interests—studying at Virginia Tech”以及前文提到他的足球梦中断了，可知阿曼尼重新将注意力集中在其他场外兴趣上——在弗吉尼亚理工大学学习。故选D。]
7．C [refer to参考；sum up总结；compete in参加比赛；contrast with与……形成对比。根据前文“Student athletes at the time didn’t really study abroad”可知，学生运动员没有出国的原因是忙着比赛。故选C。]
8．B [normal正常的；fantastic极好的，奇妙的；relevant有关的；adventurous冒险的。根据后文“taught me that we’re all a lot more alike than we are”可知，这次经历教会了他人生道理，所以是奇妙的。故选B。]
9．D [popular受欢迎的；attractive吸引人的；familiar熟悉的；different不同的。根据前文“we’re all a lot more alike than we are”可知，与相似之处对应的是不同之处。故选D。]
10．A [assist帮助；satisfy满足；inform通知；ignore忽视。根据后文“others facing the same from...”并结合语境可知，此处指阿曼尼决定帮助其他同样面临转型的人。故选A。]
11．D [strategy策略；choice选择；structure结构；transformation改观，转换。根据后文“from college athletics to academics and careers post-college”可知，此处指职业的转换。故选D。]
12．C [convention传统；examination考试；challenge挑战；attitude态度。根据后文“fewer than 2 percent of student athletes go on to be professional athletes”可知，只有不到2%的学生运动员能成为职业运动员，这说明许多运动员面对难以克服的挑战。故选C。]
13．B [barrier障碍；commitment承诺；assumption假定；adaptation改编。根据后文“to contributing a portion of its profits to organizations that offer education training to minorities”可知，此处指公司承诺将部分利润捐给为少数民族提供教育培训的组织。故选B。]
14．A [guide指导；appreciate感激；persuade说服；remind提醒。根据后文“helping develop their leadership skills and financial literacy”可知，他仍然致力于指导个人，帮助发展他们的领导技能和金融知识。故选A。]
15．C [check检查；recognize认出；hug拥抱；observe观察。根据后文“setbacks bravely”和前文对阿曼尼的经历的描写可知，此处指只要我们勇敢地拥抱挫折，我们不仅可以改变自己的世界，也可以改变别人的世界。故选C。]
Ⅳ.1.coverage 2.and 3.flowing 4.which/that 5.an
6．to be considered 7.was added 8.for 9.its 10.ultimately 选择性必修第四册 Unit 3 Sea Exploration
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
The ocean feels boundless.If you were to start swimming from shore，it’s easy to believe—fitness and oxygen aside—you could continue forever.That’s a far different experience to overland travel，where mountains，rivers，and highways jammed with traffic prevents easy passage.It’s equally easy to believe that fish and other highly mobile sea creatures experience the ocean in such a fashion.These animals，adapted over thousands of years to navigate the ocean，must easily bypass(绕过) any barrier around which they can theoretically swim.That assumption，though，is wrong.
It’s common for many oceanic species to stick to specific habitats and only seldom swim beyond them.That is especially true for many immature animals，which are small and easy to ①fall victim to predators.This，however，can cause unexpectedly big problems for oceanic species，especially when infrastructure(基础设施) gets in the way.
Take，for example，the green sawfish living near the mouth of the Ashburton River in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.In 2017，engineers working on a local oil and gas processing plant built a new loading facility consisting of a large piling jetty(码头) and solid rock wall，which stretched 500 meters offshore.Later，scientists realized that the green sawfish were unable，or unwilling，to pass around the barrier.But that could prevent the animals from reaching valuable feeding grounds and other habitats.
This discovery leads to a surprising new idea that sea animals，much like land species，need a helping hand getting around human infrastructure.In the case of the green sawfish，engineers could have created ②underpasses in the jetty through which the fish could swim.
As the climate continues to change，many sea species are moving farther north and they need suitable habitats to move through.Whether creating pass-throughs in artificial structures or plotting routes away from warming oceans，thoughtfully designing our infrastructure could go a long way toward protecting animals as we continue to engineer the ocean.
1．What is the misunderstanding mentioned in the first paragraph
A. Sea creatures adapt to the ocean slowly.
B．The ocean presents no barriers to sea life.
C．Humans are inherently skilled at sea navigation.
D．Sea travel guarantees easier passage than land travel.
2．What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. The impact of human-made structures.
B．The risk of being hunted by predators.
C．The behavior of mature oceanic animals.
D．The tendency to stay in familiar habitats.
3．Why are the green sawfish mentioned in the passage
A. To illustrate a point.
B．To present a phenomenon.
C．To put forward a new argument.
D．To add some background information.
4．What does the author suggest about engineering the ocean
A. Maximizing economic benefits.
B．Prioritizing human infrastructure.
C．Creating underpasses for surfers.
D．Accommodating oceanic species’ needs.
语境猜词 ①fall victim to ②underpass(合)＝under＋pass
B
(2024·福建莆田三模)
Scientists looking to uncover the mysteries of the underwater world have more valuable information thanks to an international team that has produced a list of species confirmed or expected to produce sounds underwater.
Led by Audrey Looby from the University of Florida，the Global Library of Underwater Biological Sounds working group collaborated with the World Register of Marine Species to ①document 729 mammals(哺乳动物)，fishes，and invertebrates(无脊椎动物) that produce active or passive sounds.In addition，the list includes another 21,911 species that are considered to likely produce sounds.
“With more than 70% of the Earth’s surface covered by water，most of the planet’s habitats are aquatic(水中的)，and there is a misconception that most aquatic organisms are silent.The newly published comprehensive digital database on what animals are known to make sounds is the first of its kind and can ②revolutionize marine and aquatic science，” the researchers said.
“Listening to underwater sounds can reveal a lot of information about the species that produce them and is useful for a variety of applications，ranging from fisheries management，③invasive species detection to assessing human environmental impacts，” said Looby，who also ④co-created FishSounds，which offers a collection of fish sound production research.
The team’s research was published in Scientific Data and involved 19 authors from six countries.“Understanding how marine species interact with their environments is of global importance，and this data being freely available is a major step toward that goal，” said Kieran Cox，a member of the research team.
“Most people are familiar with whale or dolphin sounds but are often surprised to learn that many fishes and invertebrates use sounds to communicate，too，” Looby said.“Our database helps demonstrate how widespread underwater sound production really is across a variety of animals，but we still have a lot to learn.”
5．Why is the data listed in paragraph 2
A. To show the types of biological sounds.
B．To show the sum of documents on animals.
C．To show the species of underwater animals.
D．To show the number of the sound-producing species.
6．What is people’s misunderstanding according to the text
A. Many mammals can live in water.
B．Most fishes cannot make sounds.
C．Different species can communicate.
D．Ocean animals can’t get onto the land.
7．What does the underlined phrase “that goal” in paragraph 5 refer to
A. To document ocean animals’ sounds.
B．To set up a free database for scientists.
C．To learn how ocean animals communicate.
D．To publish the team’s research in Scientific Data.
8．What is the main purpose of the text
A. To call on people to protect ocean animals.
B．To introduce the finding of a research team.
C．To list the animals that can produce sounds.
D．To describe the mysterious underwater world.
语境猜词 ①document(转)n.→v. ②revolutionize(派)＝revolution＋ize ③invasive(派)＝inva(de)＋s＋ive ④co-create(派)＝co＋create
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Coral reefs are the rainforests of the ocean.They exist on vast scales and are equally important havens(避风港) of biodiversity.Reefs occupy 0.1% of the oceans. 1
2 Without the protection which reefs afford from crashing waves，①low-lying islands such as the Maldives would have flooded long ago，and a billion people would lose food or income.However，reefs are under threat from rising sea temperatures.Heat causes the algae(海藻) with which corals are living together to generate toxins(毒素) that force those coral to leave.This can cause a coral’s death.
Research groups around the world are coming up with plans of action to see if that will help，such as identifying naturally ②heat-resistant corals and ③cross-breeding such corals to create a new type. 3 Without carbon reduction and decline in local，coral-killing pollution，even resistant corals will not survive the century.
Doubters doubt humanity will get its act together in time to make much difference. 4 Carbon targets are being set and ocean pollution is being dealt with.Countries that share responsibilities for reefs are starting to act together.Scientific workarounds can also be found.Natural currents can be applied to facilitate mass breeding.Sites of the greatest ecological and economical importance can be identified to maximize bang for buck.
This mix of natural activity and human intervention is important. 5 Hard-core greens—those who think that all habitats should be kept unspoiled—may not approve.But when entire ecosystems are facing destruction，the cost of doing nothing is too great to bear.
A．Corals are useful to people.
B．But there are grounds for optimism.
C．And they host a quarter of marine species.
D．It could serve as a blueprint for other ecosystems.
E．Coral’s global ecosystem services are worth up to $10trn a year.
F．This research can also be brought to bear on trying to save entire ecosystems.
G．However，the assisted evolution of corals does not meet with universal enthusiasm.
1．A B C D E F G
2．A B C D E F G
3．A B C D E F G
4．A B C D E F G
5．A B C D E F G
语境猜词 ①low-lying(合)＝low＋lying ②heat-resistant(合)＝heat＋resistant ③cross-breed(合)＝cross＋breed
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·山东潍坊模拟)
In 2014，Xu Yitang，a student at the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts，saw corals at an aquarium for the first time.
Little did he know the chance 1 with the creature would spark a ①lifelong 2 .He began to 3 the local market to learn about coral farming from merchants selling plants，fish and corals.He also searched for information on relevant forums online，and before long，started 4 a coral in a small fish tank at home.
“The coral organism is quite 5 and has extremely high 6 for water quality，” recalls Xu.“In the beginning，its state was not good.”
As he became better 7 of the creature，he learned that coral reefs are known as “tropical rainforests” and “underwater gardens” of the ocean，providing 8 for a quarter of all marine life. 9 ，rising sea temperatures have led to coral 10 .Xu felt an increasing sense of urgency and 11 to protect them.
②Fast-forward to today，he 12 a coral ③conservationist in a Sanya-based tropical biological research center.
Each day，he spends several hours diving deep under the waves to observe and 13 the growth and development of the creatures.
His story has been 14 in the recently premiered online program Burning Youth that aims to use documentary shorts and ④in-depth studio interviews to 15 the inspiring stories of young Chinese people from various walks of life.
1．A.incident B．witness
C．encounter D．appointment
2．A.passion B．vision
C．friendship D．career
3．A.study B．frequent
C．examine D．discover
4．A.treating B．preserving
C．selecting D．growing
5．A.tough B．smooth
C．delicate D．impressive
6．A.benefits B．requirements
C．expenses D．responses
7．A.reminded B．informed
C．warned D．convinced
8．A.shelters B．partners
C．opportunities D．services
9．A.Somehow B．Alternatively
C．Therefore D．Unfortunately
10．A.extinction B．variation
C．decline D．expansion
11．A.responsibility B．relief
C．achievement D．belonging
12．A.consults with B．applies for
C．seeks out D．acts as
13．A.find out B．note down
C．show off D．speed up
14．A.revised B．contributed
C．announced D．featured
15．A.assess B．follow
C．relate D．invent
语境猜词 ①lifelong(合)＝life＋long ②fast-forward(合)＝fast＋forward ③conservationist(派)＝conservation＋ist ④in-depth(合)＝in＋depth
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·湖南衡阳期末)
Using a three-dimensional (3D) transmission electron microscopy technique，a group of Chinese scientists have discovered a new phenomenon in the deformation(变形) of nanometals，which will help improve material design and ①engineering applications.
1． (lead) a team at the College of Materials Science and Engineering of Chongqing University and its ②cooperators，Huang Xiaoxu，a world-renowned materials scientist，created the world’s first 3D microscopy technique system 2._________ tracked the rotations(旋转) of individual ③grains in a nanograined nickel before and after in situ nanomechanical testing.The testing enables the observation of how the materials respond to applied stress in 3. (they) native state，which is fundamental to understand their mechanical 4. (property)，said the research.
They found that the nanosized grains sometimes experience lattice rotations different from the 5. (theory) prediction.This unexpected lattice rotation occurs more often in the larger grains and is due to a phenomenon 6. (call) back stress，which generates the rotation.
Huang Xiaoxu’s team 7. (develop) 3D microscopy techniques over the past 10 years.The microscopy is equipped 8. self-developed controlling hardware and software to enhance the efficiency of image collection and processing.
“In the past，with conventional microscopy，scientists could only observe the material deformation in a two-dimensional way,9.____________ often led to incomplete or even misleading results，” said Huang.“Now we can 10. (eventual) observe the deformation in 3D，and we published our first finding using the technique.”
语境猜词 ①engineering(派)＝engineer＋ing ②cooperator(派)＝co＋operat(e)＋or ③grain(熟义：n.谷粒) 生义(文义)：
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①成为……的受害者 ②n.地下通道
B．①记录，记载 ②v.彻底改变，完全变革 ③adj.侵入的 ④v.共同创建
Ⅱ.①低洼的 ②抗热的，耐热的 ③使杂交，杂交繁育
Ⅲ.①终身的 ②快进 ③环境保护主义者 ④细致的；深入的
Ⅳ.①n.工程(学) ②n.合作者 ③n.颗粒；晶粒
答案精析
Ⅰ.
1．B [细节理解题。根据第一段中“These animals，adapted over thousands of years to navigate the ocean，must easily bypass(绕过) any barrier around which they can theoretically swim.That assumption，though，is wrong.”可知，第一段提到的误解是海洋没有给海洋生物设置障碍。故选B。]
2．D [代词指代题。根据画线词前的“It’s common for many oceanic species to stick to specific habitats and only seldom swim beyond them.That is especially true for many immature animals，which are small and easy to fall victim to predators.”可知，这里的“This”指代的是上文提到的倾向于待在熟悉的栖息地。故选D。]
3．A [推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句以及第三段可知，文章中提到绿锯鱼是为了说明一个观点：人类建造的基础设施会给海洋生物带去意想不到的问题。故选A。]
4．D [细节理解题。 根据最后一段中“...thoughtfully designing our infrastructure could go a long way toward protecting animals as we continue to engineer the ocean.”可知，作者建议在进行海洋工程时，应该考虑到海洋物种的需求，从而保护海洋生物。故选D。]
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是科学家创建了水下生物声音数据库，以推动海洋科学研究。
5．D [推理判断题。根据第二段“Led by Audrey Looby...document 729 mammals(哺乳动物)，fishes，and invertebrates(无脊椎动物) that produce active or passive sounds.In addition，the list includes another 21,911 species that are considered to likely produce sounds.”可知，第二段的数据是为了说明发声物种的数量。故选D。]
6．B [细节理解题。根据第三段中“there is a misconception that most aquatic organisms are silent”可知，人们误解大多数水生生物是不会发出声音的。故选B。]
7．C [词义猜测题。根据第五段中“Understanding how marine species interact with their environments is of global importance，and this data being freely available is a major step toward that goal”可知，that goal指的是前面提到的“理解海洋物种如何与环境交流”。故选C。]
8．B [写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容和第三段中的“The newly published comprehensive digital database on what animals are known to make sounds is the first of its kind and can revolutionize marine and aquatic science”可知，本文主要讲的是一支科研团队创建了水下生物声音数据库，以推动海洋科学研究，因此本文的主要目的是介绍研究团队的新发现，故选B。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。珊瑚礁对海洋生态系统和人类至关重要，但是珊瑚礁正受到海水温度上升的威胁，研究人员正在采用自然活动和人为干预相结合的措施进行保护。
1．C [根据前文“珊瑚礁是海洋中的热带雨林。它们规模庞大，同样是生物多样性的重要避风港”可知，此处是讲珊瑚礁是海洋生物多样性的重要避风港，C项“它们是四分之一海洋物种的家园”同样描述前文语境，切合文意。故选C。]
2．A [根据后文“如果没有珊瑚礁所提供的保护，像马尔代夫这样地势低洼的岛屿很久以前就会被洪水淹没，10亿人将失去食物和收入”可知，此处是说明珊瑚礁的重要用途。A项“珊瑚对人类很有用”切合文意，起到引出后文的作用。故选A。]
3．G [根据前文“世界各地的研究小组正在制定行动计划，看看这是否会有所帮助。比如识别天然耐热珊瑚，并对这种珊瑚进行杂交，以创造一种新的珊瑚”和后文“如果不减少碳排放，不减少对当地珊瑚造成伤害的污染，即使是有抵抗力的珊瑚也无法在本世纪存活”可知，此处是指珊瑚的辅助进化并没有受到广泛的认可，G项“然而，珊瑚的辅助进化并没有受到普遍的支持”切合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选G。]
4．B [根据后文“碳排放目标正在制定，海洋污染正在处理。对珊瑚礁负有共同责任的国家开始共同行动”可知，此处是指情况也有好的趋势，B项“但我们有理由感到乐观”说明事情在往好的方面发展，切合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。]
5．D [根据前文“这种自然活动和人类干预的相结合的措施是很重要的”并结合选项可知，此处应讲这种措施更广泛的应用情况。D项“它可以作为其他生态系统的蓝图”切合文意。D项中的It指代前文的措施“This mix of natural activity and human intervention”。故选D。]
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了徐一唐2014年偶然间在水族馆看到了珊瑚，从此他喜欢上了珊瑚，于是开始了解并且自己培育珊瑚。如今，他成了一名珊瑚保护主义者，他的故事被网络节目《当燃青春》报道。
1．C [incident事故；witness目击者；encounter相遇；appointment约会。根据上文“In 2014，Xu Yitang...saw corals at an aquarium for the first time.”可知，2014年徐一唐第一次见到了珊瑚，所以是一次和珊瑚的偶然相遇。故选C。]
2．A [passion激情；vision视野；friendship友谊；career事业。根据下文“Each day，he spends several hours diving deep under the waves to observe and the growth and development of the creatures.”可知，徐一唐每天都会花几个小时观察珊瑚的生长和发育情况，所以是他热爱珊瑚。故选A。]
3．B [study学习；frequent常去，常到(某处)；examine检查；discover发现。根据下文“the local market to learn about coral farming”可知，他常去当地的市场，了解珊瑚养殖。故选B。]
4．D [treat对待；preserve保护；select选择；grow(使)生长，种植。根据下文“a coral in a small fish tank at home”可知，他开始在家里的小鱼缸里养珊瑚虫。故选D。]
5．C [tough艰难的；smooth顺利的；delicate脆弱的，柔和的；impressive令人赞叹的。下文“In the beginning，its state was not good.”提到一开始珊瑚虫的状态不太好，说明脆弱。故选C。]
6．B [benefit利益；requirement要求；expense花费；response回应。根据下文“for water quality”可知，此处指珊瑚这种生物对水质的要求高。故选B。]
7．B [reminded被提醒的；informed了解情况的；warned已警告的；convinced信服的。根据上文“He also searched for information on relevant forums online”可知，此处指他对这种生物了解的加深，故选B。]
8．A [shelter收容所，避难所；partner伙伴；opportunity机会；service服务。根据上文“coral reefs are known as ‘tropical rainforests’ and ‘underwater gardens’ of the ocean”可知，珊瑚礁被称为海洋的“热带雨林”和“水下花园”是因为它为四分之一的海洋生物提供了避难所。故选A。]
9．D [somehow不知怎么；alternatively或者；therefore因此；unfortunately不幸地。根据下文“rising sea temperatures”并结合常识可知，海洋温度升高会导致珊瑚减少，这是不幸的。故选D。]
10．C [extinction灭绝；variation变化；decline下降，减少；expansion扩大。根据下文“to protect them”可知珊瑚需要保护，是因为海洋温度上升导致它们减少。故选C。]
11．A [responsibility责任；relief安慰；achievement成就；belonging所有物。根据上文“Xu felt an increasing sense of urgency and”可知，徐一唐感受到保护珊瑚的紧迫感和责任感与时俱增。故选A。]
12．D [consult with同……协商；apply for申请；seek out挑选出，物色；act as扮演，担任。根据下文“a coral conservationist”和“Each day，he spends several hours diving deep under...of the creatures.”可知，他担任珊瑚保护主义者。故选D。]
13．B [find out查明；note down记录；show off炫耀；speed up加速。根据下文“the growth and development of the creatures”可知，他潜入海里是为了观察和记录这些生物的生长发育。故选B。]
14．D [revise修改；contribute撰稿；announce宣布；feature以……为特色，放映。根据下文“in the recently premiered online program Burning Youth”可知，他的故事被网络节目《当燃青春》报道，应用feature。故选D。]
15．C [assess评估；follow跟随；relate联系，讲述；invent发明。根据下文“the inspiring stories of young Chinese people from various walks of life”可知，这个节目讲述了来自各行各业的中国年轻人的励志故事。故选C。]
Ⅳ.1.Leading 2.and 3.their 4.properties 5.theoretical 6.called 7.has been developing 8.with 9.which
10．eventually选择性必修第四册 Unit 4 Sharing
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·山东济南模拟预测)
For some of us，going to the dentist for routine check-ups is a thing of the ordinary.But for many people around the world，especially those in impoverished(贫困的) areas，having dental improvement and their teeth checked simply isn’t possible.A Brazilian dentist Felipe Rossi has devoted himself to helping changing that situation.
Growing up in the USA，Felipe Rossi had just obtained the Bachelor of Medicine Degree and was about to start a master’s degree in Pediatric Dentistry(儿童口腔学) when a journey to his father’s home—Balsabo in Brazil—converted his initial plan.“All locals didn’t have access to dental care，and consequently，many of them suffered ①deformed teeth or even loss of teeth，leading to many people not daring to laugh with mouth open，” Felipe Rossi recalled.“A desire was ②planted in my heart.That is，to use my skills to bring healthy smiles to people suffering from dental problems.”
With the support of his parents，Felipe formed an NGO (non-government organization) called Porsorriso to give free oral treatments to individuals with low incomes who require cleaning，fillings，crowns，restoration work and more.His team is composed of approximately 30 registered volunteers who go with him to poor towns and villages in Brazil.
Sponsorship is generally provided by two private companies.Individuals may also make donations through the “Smile Solidarity” program，where they can choose monthly amounts to contribute.Porsorriso also holds regular ③fundraisers to afford the cost of providing free dental services around the country.
As noble as its objective is，Felipe admits that Porsorriso is “struggling to survive” because of the huge cost of providing dental work and the constant fundraising events they have to hold to keep the NGO in normal functioning.“Challenging as it is，it did bring healthy teeth as well as renewed confidence to the locals.We will continue this transformative act whatever difficulties we will face，” Felipe said with a strong will.
1．How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A．By posing a contrast. B．By reporting an event.
C．By assuming a situation. D．By making an appeal.
2．What motivated Felipe to offer dental treatments to Brazilians
A. The support from his parents.
B．The passion for dental health.
C．The encounter with locals’ lacking dental care.
D．The professional skills and knowledge from college.
3．Which of the following can best describe Felipe Rossi
A．Hopeful and diligent. B．Faithful and ambitious.
C．Intelligent and creative. D．Charitable and dedicated.
4．What do we know about Porsorriso
A. It gives free oral treatments to anyone in need.
B．It is cooperated by Felipe Rossi and the local authority.
C．It is financially supported by corporations and individuals.
D．It holds regular fundraisers to educate people about dental care.
语境猜词 ①deformed(派)＝deform＋ed ②plant(熟义：v.种植) 生义(文义)： ③fundraisers(合)＝fund＋raiser
B
Cash Daniels spends several hours every week cleaning up cans and bottles in the rivers near his home with other teen environmentalists in Chattanooga，TN.Together，they have collected more than 1 ton of aluminum cans，nearly 1,000 cans a week for a year.In January，he ①co-founded a club called The Cleanup Kids with his best friend.The project’s mission：to encourage kids to pick up 1 million pounds of trash across the globe before the end of the year.
Daniels says he first developed a passion for wildlife when he was 3.“As far back as I can remember，I’ve always loved animals，” Daniels says.Marine life especially interests him.When he began discovering trash on walks along the river with his family，he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.
His mission now is saving the earth’s rivers，which he points out are even more polluted than the world’s oceans.“Eighty percent of the ocean’s trash comes from rivers，” he says.In 2019，he adopted the name Conservation Kid on the Internet，and started ②posting about things like how something as simple as a deserted face mask can entangle(缠住)，choke，and kill turtles，birds，and fish.
Although he mostly speaks to other teens，Daniels has found that adults are often persuaded by his argument that cleaning up，recycling，and ridding plastic ought to be a selfish act for humanity：when plastics break down，they can wind up in our drinking water.He has met with the mayor of his city，and his experiences speaking with influential grown-ups has convinced him that adults can change their habits.
But，in truth，the burden to save the planet has landed on children like him.“Kids may be a small percent of the population，but we’re 100% of the future，” he says.“And we can save the world.”
5．What led to the birth of Daniel’s project
A. The inspiration from his best friend.
B．The goal to make a role model for kids.
C．The concern for the ocean life.
D．The idea of other teen environmentalists.
6．Which can be inferred from paragraph 3
A. The ocean’s trash has grown rapidly.
B．The river pollution requires less attention.
C．Many animals are infected in the ocean.
D．River waste contributes most to the ocean’s trash.
7．Which of the following can best describe Cash Daniels
A．Optimistic and creative. B．Caring and responsible.
C．Considerate and generous. D．Courageous and devoted.
8．What is the passage mainly about
A. Grown-ups’ selfish behaviors for humanity.
B．A teenager’s contributions to saving the waters.
C．A youngster’s responsibility to protect the world.
D．Teen environmentalists’ efforts to clean the oceans.
语境猜词 ①co-found(派)＝co＋found ②post(熟义：n.邮政；邮件；职位) 生义(文义)：
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
A recent study suggests that groundwater is an answer to water shortages in African countries south of the Sahara Desert.This finding could help millions of people in an area which is expected to be strongly affected by climate change.
WaterAid，an international nonprofit group，and the British Geological Survey (BGS)，a British government organization，carried out the research. 1
The report released in March said underground water could help develop agriculture in the area.Additional water resources could help farming in an area where only three to five percent of agricultural land is irrigated(灌溉)．For example，BGS information shows Senegal has an aquifer(地下水层) that has been kept ①in good condition by years of rainfall. 2 Experts say it is hard to find scientists who are ②trained at finding underground water.
3 When a well in the village began to dry up in 2021，the government dug another one.That well started to dry up，too.Then the town ③raised US $5,000 to dig a new well last year.But that well also failed.The most dependable aquifers can be 400 meters underground. 4 Building a well that deep costs about US $20,000.
“We can’t drink enough to satisfy our thirst，” said Oumou Drame.She is 40 years old and a mother of five.“We don’t sleep at night. 5 From very early in the morning until now we are looking for water，” said Drame.
A．Tata Bathily is a village in northern Senegal.
B．But getting to the water is difficult and costly.
C．We leave our children at home to fetch water.
D．That is ten times deeper than the wells in Tata Bathily.
E．Improvements in the existing water supply may take time.
F．Many people think the hot weather is partly to blame for the water shortage.
G．They found that underground water could deal with at least five years of drought.
1．A B C D E F G
2．A B C D E F G
3．A B C D E F G
4．A B C D E F G
5．A B C D E F G
语境猜词 ①in good condition ②train(熟义：n.火车) 生义(文义)： ③raise(熟义：v.增加) 生义(文义)：
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
I was interested in volunteering at a hospital because both of my parents work in hospitals.I wanted to see what the 1 was after hearing them talk about it.To be more 2 ，I wanted to work at the VA—Veterans(老兵) Affairs hospital—in Palo Alto because the 3 of VA is “to serve those who served” and I really 4 this very idea.
To my greatest joy，I was 5 the VA program，and throughout this summer ①break I’ve spent around 110 hours 6 at VA Palo Alto in different departments.To be honest，I had never at all felt more welcomed and 7 in every department I went to.After some initial experiences，I 8 to work in the Office of Information Technology (OIT) since I am interested in computers，and I wanted to see how they are used in a hospital ②setting.
My overall experience of volunteering at VA can be 9 into the words of “③eye-opening and 10 ”．Throughout my whole life I have been 11 to health care，from both my parents being physicians and my health problems，but I have never 12 been on the other side of the glass，so to speak.What I 13 most about my experience was the 14 to see what it’s like to help people.I want to continue volunteering at VA because I believe there is no other experience that can be as 15 as working in a hospital that treats Veterans.
1．A.opportunity B．decision
C．experience D．adventure
2．A.specific B．private
C．flexible D．cautious
3．A.concept B．mission
C．profession D．advantage
4．A.contributed B．generated
C．transformed D．shared
5．A.accepted into B．committed to
C．concerned about D．withdrawn from
6．A.studying B．volunteering
C．observing D．exercising
7．A.convinced B．determined
C．valued D．amused
8．A.applied B．refused
C．promised D．arranged
9．A.classified B．summarized
C．divided D．combined
10．A.normal B．relevant
C．reliable D．worthy
11．A.attached B．devoted
C．exposed D．supposed
12．A.appropriately B．totally
C．absolutely D．actually
13．A.respect B．treasure
C．understand D．agree
14．A.ability B．responsibility
C．approach D．courage
15．A.relaxing B．challenging
C．fulfilling D．thrilling
语境猜词 ①break(熟义：v.打破；弄坏) 生义(文义)： ②setting(派)＝set＋t＋ing ③eye-opening(合＋派)＝eye＋open＋ing
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2023·全国甲)
For thousands of years，people have told fables(寓言) 1.__________(teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures，and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 2. (six) century，B.C.Yet，the form of the fable still has values today,3. Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”．
Carson uses a simple，direct style common to fables.In fact，her style and tone(口吻) are seemingly directed at children.“There was once a town in the heart of America,4. all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins,5. (borrow) some familiar words from many ①age-old fables.Behind the simple style，however，is a serious message 6. (intend) for everyone.
7． (difference) from traditional fables，Carson’s story ends with an ②accusation instead of a moral.She warns of the environmental dangers facing society，and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8. saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life.However，Carson’s theme is a more weighty 9. (warn) about environmental destruction.Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10. (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
语境猜词 ①age-old(合)＝age＋old ②accusation(派)＝accus(e)＋ation
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①adj.畸形的 ②v.(使思想、信念等)植根于 ③n.募集资金的活动
B．①v.共同创立，联合创建 ②v.发布
Ⅱ.①状况良好 ②v.训练；培养 ③v.筹款
Ⅲ.①n.短期休假 ②n.环境；背景 ③adj.令人大开眼界的，令人很有启发的
Ⅳ.①adj.古老的；由来已久的 ②n.控告，指责，谴责
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在美国长大的巴西牙医Felipe Rossi创建了非政府组织Porsorriso，致力于为巴西贫困地区的低收入人群提供免费的口腔治疗服务。
1．A [推理判断题。根据第一段中“For some of us，going to the dentist...is a thing of the ordinary.But for many people around the world，...having dental improvement and their teeth checked simply isn’t possible.”可知，作者通过对比来引入文章的主题。故选A。]
2．C [细节理解题。根据第二段中“‘All locals didn’t have access to...many of them suffered deformed teeth or even...，leading to...’ Felipe Rossi recalled.‘A desire was planted in my heart.That is，to use my skills to bring healthy smiles to people suffering from dental problems.’”可知，Felipe看到很多当地人牙齿变形甚至失去牙齿，这激发了他利用自己的技能解决当地人牙齿问题的决心；由此可知，是看到当地人缺乏牙齿护理促使Felipe为巴西人提供牙齿治疗。故选C。]
3．D [推理判断题。根据第三段首句可知，Felipe成立了非政府组织为低收入群体提供免费的口腔护理，因此他具有慈善精神。根据最后一段中“‘Challenging as it is，it did bring...We will continue this...’ Felipe said with a strong will.”可知，无论将面临什么困难，他们将继续进行这项具有变革意义的行动，这表明他做事是投入的。故选D。]
4．C [细节理解题。根据第四段中“Sponsorship is generally provided by two private companies.Individuals may also make donations through...”可知，Porsorriso是由企业和个人提供经济支持。故选C。]
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名为Cash Daniels的青少年为拯救水资源所做的贡献。
5．C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Marine life especially interests him.When he began discovering trash on walks along the river with his family，he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.”可知，对海洋生物的关注促使了Daniels的项目的诞生。故选C。]
6．D [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘Eighty percent of the ocean’s trash comes from rivers，’ he says.”可推知，河流垃圾是海洋垃圾的主要来源。故选D。]
7．B [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘As far back as I can remember，I’ve always loved animals，’ Daniels says.Marine life especially interests him.When he began discovering trash...，he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.”以及最后一段中的“‘Kids may be...，but we’re 100% of the future，’ he says.‘And we can save the world.’”可推知，Cash Daniels非常有爱心和责任心。故选B。]
8．B [主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲的是一个青少年为拯救水资源所做的贡献。故选B。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现地下水资源有望帮助非洲地区应对水危机。
1．G [上文提到两个组织开展了此项研究，本句应承接上文说明他们的发现。故G选项“他们发现地下水可以应对至少五年的干旱”符合语境，故选G。]
2．B [根据下文“Experts say it is hard to find scientists who are trained at finding underground water”可知，很难找到受过寻找地下水训练的科学家，说明要获得地下水很困难，故B选项“但是获得这种(地下)水既困难又费钱”符合语境，故选B。]
3．A [根据下文“When a well in the village began to dry up in 2021，the government dug another one.”可知，下文提到了一个村庄，A选项“Tata Bathily是塞内加尔北部的一个村庄”引起下文，且呼应上文中塞内加尔的例子，符合语境，故选A。]
4．D [上文“The most dependable aquifers can be 400 meters underground.”提到了最可靠的含水层的深度，下文指出建这样深的井花费巨大，D选项“这比Tata Bathily的井深十倍”承上启下，符合语境，故选D。]
5．C [根据上文“We don’t sleep at night.”可知，本句主要说明Drame一家为了获得水所付出的努力。故C选项“我们把孩子留在家里去打水”符合语境，故选C。]
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在帕洛阿尔托的退伍军人事务医院做志愿者工作的经历和感悟。
1．C [opportunity机会；decision决定；experience经历；adventure冒险。根据后文的“after hearing them talk about it”可知，作者想在听父母谈论之后看看他们的经历是什么样的。故选C。]
2．A [specific具体的；private私人的；flexible柔韧的；cautious小心的。后文“I wanted to work at the VA—Veterans(老兵) Affairs hospital—in Palo Alto”说出了作者具体想在哪里工作。to be more specific“更具体地说”。故选A。]
3．B [concept概念；mission任务，使命；profession专业；advantage有利条件。根据后文的“of VA is ‘to serve those who served’”可知，“为曾经服役的人服务”是这个医院的使命。故选B。]
4．D [contribute捐献；generate生成；transform转化；share共享，有同样的感情(或想法、经历等)。根据前文的“I wanted to work at the VA—Veterans (老兵) Affairs hospital—in Palo Alto”可知，作者希望在这里工作，证明作者认同这个医院的使命。故选D。]
5．A [be accepted into被接受进入，录取；be committed to致力于；be concerned about关心；be withdrawn from从……退出。根据后文的“throughout this summer break I’ve spent around 110 hours at VA Palo Alto in different departments”可推知，作者被VA项目录取了。故选A。]
6．B [study学习；volunteer自愿做；observe观察；exercise锻炼。根据前文的“I was interested in volunteering at a hospital”可知，作者对在医院做志愿者很感兴趣，所以整个暑假自愿工作了大约110个小时。故选B。]
7．C [convinced深信；determined坚定的；valued被重视的；amused觉得好笑的。根据前文的“I had never at all felt more welcomed”可知，作者从来没有感到像现在这样受到欢迎和重视。故选C。]
8．A [apply申请；refuse拒绝；promise承诺；arrange安排。根据后文的“to work in the Office of Information Technology (OIT) since I am interested in computers”可知，因为作者对计算机很感兴趣，所以作者申请了信息技术办公室的工作。故选A。]
9．B [classify分类；summarize总结，概括；divide划分；combine组合。根据前文的“My overall experience of volunteering at VA”以及后文的“eye-opening and ”可知，作者的经历能被概括成两个词。故选B。]
10．D [normal正常的；relevant相关的；reliable可靠的；worthy值得的。根据前文的“eye-opening”可知，作者认为自己的经历是令人大开眼界、值得铭记的。故选D。]
11．C [be attached to钟爱；be devoted to专心于，致力于；be exposed to暴露于，接触；be supposed to应该。根据第一段中“I was interested in volunteering at a hospital because both of my parents work in hospitals.”以及后文的“from both my parents being physicians and my health problems”可知，作者因为父母是医生以及自己的健康问题，一直对医疗保健有所接触。故选C。]
12．D [appropriately适当地；totally完全地；absolutely绝对地；actually实际上。根据上文可知，在作者的一生中，作者一直在接触医疗保健，但实际上，作者从来没有真正地了解过它。故选D。]
13．B [respect尊重；treasure珍爱，珍惜；understand理解；agree同意。根据后文的“most about my experience was the to see what it’s like to help people”可知，在这段做志愿者的经历中，作者能够看到帮助别人是什么样子，这是作者最珍惜的。故选B。]
14．A [ability能力；responsibility责任；approach方法；courage勇气。根据后文的“to see what it’s like to help people”可知，作者从事志愿者工作，因此有能力看到帮助别人是什么样子。故选A。]
15．C [relaxing令人放松的；challenging具有挑战性的；fulfilling令人满足的，让人感觉有意义的；thrilling令人兴奋不已的。根据上文可知，在一家治疗退伍军人的医院工作能够帮助别人，作者认为这让人感觉有意义。故选C。]
Ⅳ.1.to teach 2.sixth 3.as 4.where 5.borrowing 6.intended 7.Different 8.for 9.warning 10.be employed选择性必修第四册 Unit 5 Launching Your Career
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Cathy Winston is a sports ①nutritionist.Among her ②regulars are athletes.Cathy thrives on the variety，with each new sport providing new challenges and a renewed appreciation of her chosen field of expertise.In her view，dealing with athletes from various sport backgrounds helps her become ③seasoned，which is a key part of being a successful nutritionist.“You have to understand nutrition and people，and then you can begin to work in this field，” she says.“Besides，in tennis you must learn to be reactive，because you don’t know how long the match lasts.However，it’s 90 minutes in football.So you know what you’re fueling for.”
Regardless of the sport，Cathy’s attitude remains the same—any athlete failing to respect nutrition is one who is failing to fulfill their potential.It’s a key part of the training process.It’s not just something that you take casually.She advises her athletes to hold nutrition in the same regard as they do their most crucial bit of equipment.“Just as you wouldn’t forget to put your shin pads(护腿板) or your boots in your kit bag，don’t forget to put in your drinks and your snacks.That informs how well you train，because you can’t get out if you haven’t put in.”
Nutritionists are sometimes unfairly represented as militant(斗志昂扬的) types telling what athletes can and can’t eat.But Cathy insists that when to eat is more important than what.“It’s about when’s the right time to have it in，” she says.It’s a message that Cathy says can take a while to sink in.“A lot of boxers say，‘but bananas make you fat，right？’，and there’s this inherent belief that we mustn’t eat those kinds of things.But it’s not about what to cut out.It’s about making sure that you’ve got the foundation right for health and performance.It’s that one size fits one.It’s what works for you.To be an excellent athlete，you really need to be an exceptional eater.”
1．What does Cathy think about her job
A. It highly values experience and flexibility.
B．It mainly focuses on the duration of matches.
C．It merely needs to understand nutrition and people.
D．It hardly faces new challenges in every competition.
2．How does Cathy emphasize the importance of nutrition to athletes
A．By telling a story. B．By making a comparison.
C．By providing data. D．By analyzing a phenomenon.
3．According to Cathy，what is a fundamental principle behind successful sports nutrition
A. Focusing on the timing of the diet.
B．Increasing the variety of foods.
C．Following a strict and militant diet plan.
D．Cutting out specific foods from the diet.
4．What does the author intend to tell us
A. A good eater is a great athlete.
B．Nutritionists act as unsung heroes behind athletes.
C．Nutrition determines the results in the competition.
D．Food is less important than skills in the sports field.
语境猜词 ①nutritionist(派)＝nutrition＋ist ②regular(熟义：adj.定期的，规律的) 生义(文义)： ③seasoned(派)＝season＋ed
B
(2025·山东菏泽模拟预测)
Where does the inspiration come from Photographer Levon Biss got it when looking at beetles from his garden.He recently bought a microscope for his son.For fun，they placed a beetle under the lens.“It blew me away，” Biss recalls.“It was beautiful.” He wondered if he could capture that beauty in a photograph.
Until then，Biss had made a career as a commercial photographer.Insects gave his work a new goal.Around the world，insect populations are in decline because of pesticides(杀虫剂)，habitat loss，and climate change.Biss thought that if people could see what he saw through his son’s microscope，they would care more about protecting insects.“I’ve got a ①photographic technique and a skill，” he says.“If I can do this，I should use it for a better purpose.”
Biss turned to a type of photography that involves taking ②close-up pictures of small things，like flowers or bugs.His pictures show the insects in all their wonderful，microscopic detail.What is more wonderful is that Biss blows them up into larger-than-life images to be displayed in his exhibitions.Some are eight feet tall.
In 2016，Biss exhibited his first insect project，Microsculpture.That’s a scientific term.For his latest exhibition，Extinct and Endangered，Biss photographed bugs from the collection at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City.With the help of the museum’s scientists，he selected bugs that were either extinct or endangered.“It’s a humbling experience，when you’re holding an insect that’s extinct，” Biss says.“The human species is responsible for the current insect crisis.It’s sad to know this insect will never be on this planet again.”
Biss hopes his photographs will get people thinking the same way.“The way I work is through pictures.I communicate visually in the way a writer communicates through words，” he says.“Hopefully，these pictures can shake things up and get people to pay attention.”
5．What inspired Biss to take pictures of insects
A．His job as a photographer.
B．The insect’s beauty he found.
C．The microscope he had bought.
D．His dream to hold an exhibition.
6．What does the underlined phrase “a better purpose” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Taking close-up pictures.
B．Practicing his relevant skills.
C．Encouraging people to protect insects.
D．Passing on knowledge about endangered insects.
7．What can we infer about Biss’ latest exhibition
A. It was held in the American Museum of Natural History.
B．Its theme was microsculpture.
C．It was completed by Biss alone.
D．Its pictures were much larger than normal insects.
8．What is the best title for the text
A. A New Way to Take Pictures
B．Appreciate Insects in Detail
C．Achievements Biss Has Made
D．Learn More About Insects’ Present Situation
语境猜词 ①photographic(派)＝photograph＋ic ②close-up(合)＝close＋up
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·浙江金丽衢十二校二模)
Hard work has been part of every laureate’s journey towards the Nobel Prize.There are many examples.Fran oise Barré-Sinoussi spent time in the lab on the morning of her wedding.After Michael Brown’s first daughter was born，he went straight back to discuss the next day’s experiments.Early-career scientists often ask laureates(获奖者) about work-life balance. 1
Spend time with your family and friends.Many laureates stress the value of maintaining personal relationships.Doctor Brian Kobilka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 2 However，despite a heavy ①workload，he also made time for his family.As Brian Kobilka explains，family provides essential support.
Sleep well at night. 3 It is therefore tempting to finish work before health-promoting activities.However，this is a trap which Oliver Smithies advises against.Not only is sleep needed to stay healthy，but your brain needs sleep to function at full capacity，so you can generate ideas and solve problems.
4 Family，work and sleep are all important to a scientist’s success.But they don’t all have to be a constant focus.Sometimes it will be important to avoid maintaining everything at a high level.Don’t be daunted by the idea you have to do everything perfectly at once—you can have a different focus at different times.
Don’t work too hard.Ultimately，working too hard won’t be beneficial.Not only do you risk ②burning yourself out，but you are also restricted in your thinking.Taking time away from work can allow you to approach problems in a new way. 5 Laureates often point out that working long hours doesn’t always lead to efficiency.
A．My solutions may be of some help.
B．Their answers can be enlightening.
C．Focus on different aspects of your life.
D．Never hesitate to bravely rise to challenge.
E．Sleep，exercise and eating well can all conflict with working long hours.
F．He would ③moonlight in an emergency room as well as working in the lab.
G．Going for a walk，for example，gives you the chance to take a step back and see things differently.
1．A B C D E F G
2．A B C D E F G
3．A B C D E F G
4．A B C D E F G
5．A B C D E F G
语境猜词 ①workload(合)＝work＋load ②burn oneself out ③moonlight(转)n.→v.
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
As a psychologist，one of my favorite ①practices was my meeting a teenager，Trevor.He had been struggling with anxiety and depression，finding few solutions 1 to him.Trevor 2 his ability after failing the final exam and wanted to give up.Together with his dad he 3 me，and we discussed something about a 4 in detail.I 5 he would get better as long as he believed in himself.He looked 6 .“I don’t think it will work，” he said.Then a new idea 7 me—maybe I could help him by associating his experience with the perception(认识) of steady 8 .So I enlightened(启发) him 9 .
“When you break a bone，what is the 10 of a cast(石膏)？” I asked.“It protects the bone，” he answered.“Yes，but how 11 does the bone heal？” “The body heals it，” “Right，” I nodded.“Now，I will act as your cast and 12 you until your 13 heals itself.” Trevor gave me a smile.Obviously，our conversation gave Trevor a belief that he should trust in his inner power and it assured him that he wasn’t 14 .He knew his doctor，parents，and teachers would all work in concert to help him.Sure enough，he caught up with his classmates later.
If children are ②in crisis，parents can try to make them realize their problems.Parents need to encourage and support them.In this 15 ，children will feel encouraged and confident eventually.
1．A.available B．sensitive
C．contrary D．similar
2．A.increased B．evaluated
C．tested D．doubted
3．A.looked on B．turned to
C．complained of D．appealed to
4．A.pattern B．source
C．policy D．treatment
5．A.ensured B．warned
C．reported D．remembered
6．A.thrilled B．confused
C．terrified D．embarrassed
7．A.applied to B．took to
C．occurred to D．pointed to
8．A.character B．value
C．improvement D．flow
9．A.patiently B．secretly
C．casually D．blindly
10．A.selection B．expense
C．function D．course
11．A.accidentally B．exactly
C．abruptly D．equally
12．A.criticize B．qualify
C．monitor D．back
13．A.humor B．mind
C．pride D．injury
14．A.stubborn B．mistaken
C．normal D．alone
15．A.case B．age
C．field D．order
语境猜词 ①practice(熟义：n.练习) 生义(文义)： ②in crisis
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The illustrators(插图画家) of Chinese children’s books remain among the most internationally 1. (award) artists thanks to their ①consistent use of unique and traditional styles of artistic expression，according to Zuzana Jarosova，general commissioner of the Biennial of Illustrations Bratislava (BIB)．
Chinese illustrator Chen Xunru,2. book Bull King Festival was very popular，received the Golden Apple award at the 29th edition of the BIB in Slovakia，which started on Oct.4 and ran until Dec.3.Chen is the seventh Chinese illustrator to have received such 3.________ award.
Jarosova says the jurors(评定人) are always looking for artists who are authentic and original while 4. (keep) their deep connection to culture，traditions and the ②mastery of old techniques.
“Illustrations in children’s books play a key role in their mental development，as a good illustrator can 5. (nice) improve the story and build additional floors of the architecture of 6. (imagine)，thus kick-starting the small readers’ fantasy，” Jarosova notes.
An international tour exhibition of picture books from China 7. (hold) as an accompanying event at this year’s BIB from Sept.28 to Oct.14.The exhibition was well received and for the first time，people had the opportunity 8. (see) interesting illustrators from China 9. a great extent.“I will do everything I can for more cooperation to continue and improve 10. (far)，” Jarosova says.
语境猜词 ①consistent(派)＝consist＋ent ②mastery(派)＝master＋y
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①n.营养学家 ②n.常客 ③adj.老练的；富有经验的
B．①adj.摄影的，照片的 ②n.特写镜头，特写
Ⅱ.①n.工作量，工作负担 ②精疲力尽 ③从事第二职业；(暗中)兼职
Ⅲ.①n.工作，业务活动 ②处于危机中
Ⅳ.①adj.持续的，一贯的 ②n.精通，熟练掌握
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了营养师的工作内容、工作理念及运动员与营养之间的紧密关系。
1．A [推理判断题。根据第一段中“In her view，dealing with athletes from various sport backgrounds helps her become seasoned，which is a key part of being a successful nutritionist.”以及“Besides，in tennis you must learn to be reactive，because you don’t know how long the match lasts.However，it’s 90 minutes in football.So you know what you’re fueling for.”可推知，Cathy认为她的工作重视经验和灵活性。故选A。]
2．B [推理判断题。根据第二段中“Just as you wouldn’t forget to put your shin pads(护腿板)or your boots in your kit bag，don’t forget to put in your drinks and your snacks.”可推知，Cathy通过比较的方式强调营养的重要性。故选B。]
3．A [细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But Cathy insists that when to eat is more important than what.”可知，Cathy认为成功的运动营养背后的基本原则是关注饮食的时间。故选A。]
4．B [写作意图题。通读全文，并根据第二段中“Regardless of the sport，Cathy’s attitude remains the same—any athlete failing to respect nutrition is one who is failing to fulfill their potential.”可知，本文主要介绍了营养师的工作内容、工作理念及运动员与营养之间的紧密关系，从而说明了营养师是运动场上运动员背后的无名英雄之一。故选B。]
语篇解读 本文为说明文。文章主要讲述了摄影师Levon Biss如何通过微距摄影展现昆虫的微观美，以此唤起人们对昆虫的保护意识。
5．B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Photographer Levon Biss got it when looking at beetles from his garden.He recently bought a microscope for his son.For fun，they placed a beetle under the lens.‘It blew me away，’ Biss recalls.‘It was beautiful.’ He wondered if he could capture that beauty in a photograph.”可知，Biss拍摄昆虫的灵感来源于他发现的昆虫之美。故选B。]
6．C [词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Biss thought that if people could see what he saw through his son’s microscope，they would care more about protecting insects.‘I’ve got a photographic technique and a skill，’ he says.‘If I can do this，I should use it for a better purpose.’”可知，a better purpose指的是鼓励人们保护昆虫。故选C。]
7．D [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“What is more wonderful is that Biss blows them up into larger-than-life images to be displayed in his exhibitions.Some are eight feet tall.”可知，Biss的最新展览中的图片比普通昆虫要大很多。故选D。]
8．B [标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中的“His pictures show the insects in all their wonderful，microscopic detail.”和最后一段中的“‘The way I work is through pictures.I communicate visually in the way a writer communicates through words，’ he says.‘Hopefully，these pictures can shake things up and get people to pay attention.’”可知，整篇文章主要讲述了摄影师Levon Biss如何通过微距摄影展现昆虫的微观美，以此唤起人们对昆虫的保护意识。故选B。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读 本文是说明文。文章通过列举一些诺贝尔奖获得者关于工作与生活的观点，介绍了一些维持生活和工作平衡的方法。
1．B [根据上文“Early-career scientists often ask laureates(获奖者) about work-life balance.”可知，诺贝尔奖获得者经常被问到关于平衡工作与生活的问题，结合下文讲述了诺贝尔奖获得者维持生活和工作平衡的策略可知，B项符合语境，承上启下。故选B。]
2．F [根据下文“However，despite a heavy workload，he also made time for his family.”说明即使工作再繁重，布莱恩·科比尔卡博士也会抽出一些时间陪家人，空处与下文形成转折关系，因此推断F项符合语境，故选F。]
3．E [根据段落首句“Sleep well at night.”可知，本段建议晚上好好休息，睡个好觉，下文“However，this is a trap which Oliver Smithies advises against.Not only is sleep needed to stay healthy，but your brain needs sleep to function at full capacity，so you can generate ideas and solve problems.”说明了睡眠与工作并不冲突，However表示上下文是转折关系，因此推断E项符合语境，故选E。]
4．C [空处为段落中心句，应概括本段主旨。根据下文“Family，work and sleep are all important to a scientist’s success.But they don’t all have to be a constant focus.”和“you can have a different focus at different times”可知，家庭、工作和睡眠都重要，但不需要一直关注所有的内容，可以在不同的时间有不同的关注点，因此推断C项能概况本段主旨，故选C。]
5．G [上文“Taking time away from work can allow you to approach problems in a new way.”说明可以从工作中抽出一些时间放松，G项针对上文进行了举例说明，因此G项符合语境，故选G。]
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。作者是一名心理医生，他引导因考试不及格而抑郁焦虑的Trevor。在大家的帮助下，Trevor相信自己的内在力量并战胜疾病，最终赶上了同学。
1．A [available可用的；sensitive敏感的；contrary相反的；similar相似的。根据上文“He had been struggling with anxiety and depression，finding few solutions”可知，Trevor患有焦虑和抑郁症，还没找到可用的解决办法，故选A。]
2．D [increase增加；evaluate评价；test测试；doubt怀疑。根据下文“after failing the final exam”可知，Trevor在考试不及格后怀疑自己的能力，故选D。]
3．B [look on旁观；turn to求助于；complain of抱怨；appeal to吸引，呼吁。根据下文“and we discussed something about a in detail”可知，作为心理医生的作者与父子二人进行了讨论，故Trevor和父亲一起来找作者寻求帮助，故选B。]
4．D [pattern模式；source来源；policy政策；treatment治疗方法。根据上文“He had been struggling with anxiety and depression，finding few solutions to him.”可知，Trevor患有焦虑和抑郁症，还没找到可用的解决办法，故作者他们详细地讨论了他的治疗方法，故选D。]
5．A [ensure保证，确保；warn警告；report报道；remember记住。根据下文“he would get better as long as he believed in himself”可知，这是作者向Trevor作出的保证，只要他相信自己，他就会好起来，故选A。]
6．B [thrilled激动的；confused困惑的；terrified恐惧的；embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文“‘I don’t think it will work，’ he said.”可知，Trevor觉得作者提出的治疗方式没有用，因此看起来很困惑，故选B。]
7．C [apply to运用于；take to开始从事；occur to使突然想到；point to指向。根据下文“maybe I could help him by associating his experience with the perception(认识) of steady ”可知，此处指作者想到了一个新方法来帮助Trevor，故选C。]
8．C [character性格；value价值观；improvement进步，提升；flow流动，不断供应。根据空前“I could help him by associating his experience with the perception(认识) of steady”可知，作者将他的经历与不断进步的感觉联系起来，让他感觉自己能慢慢好起来，通过不断进步而赶上其他同学，故选C。]
9．A [patiently耐心地；secretly秘密地；casually随意地；blindly盲目地。根据下文作者与Trevor的对话可知，作者很耐心地开导Trevor，故选A。]
10．C [selection选择；expense费用；function作用；course课程。根据下文“it protects the bone”可知，此处是指石膏的作用，故选C。]
11．B [accidentally偶然地；exactly究竟，到底；abruptly突然地；equally平等地。根据下文“The body heals it”可知，此处指作者引导Trevor进行进一步的思考，故选B。]
12．D [criticize批评；qualify使……合格；monitor监控；back支持。根据上文“Now，I will act as your cast”可知，作者将充当Trevor的石膏，石膏起的作用是帮助和支持，可推理出空白处应填表示“支持”含义的动词，故选D。]
13．B [humor幽默；mind心灵；pride骄傲；injury伤口。根据上文“He had been struggling with anxiety and depression”可知，Trevor患有焦虑和抑郁症，故此处指治愈他的心灵，故选B。]
14．D [stubborn倔强的；mistaken被误会的；normal正常的；alone独自的。根据下文“He knew his doctor，parents，and teachers would all work in concert to help him.”可知，他知道，他的医生、父母和老师都会一起来帮助他，故有很多人帮助他，他并不是一个人，故选D。]
15．A [case情况；age年龄；field领域；order命令。根据上文“If children are in crisis，parents can try to make them realize their problems.Parents need to encourage and support them.”可知，如果孩子处于危机之中，父母可以试着让他们认识到自己的问题，父母需要鼓励和支持他们。故此处指在这种“父母鼓励和支持他们的情况下”，孩子会感到鼓舞和自信，故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.awarded 2.whose 3.an 4.keeping 5.nicely
6．imagination 7.was held 8.to see 9.to 10.further
