选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Growing up
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Early in my career，I was easily overwhelmed.My responsibilities，commitments and ambitions piled up into this mass that I felt ①immeasurably large—until，one day，when I worked in federal contracting，my manager gave me something that is still on the bulletin board over my desk 26 years later，even as I’ve now transformed my career：It’s a postcard picture of Earth.
He wanted me to look at Earth and think about the significance of what I was trying to accomplish，and the stress I was feeling，and to do so in the context of what others around the world faced.I started to do this during late nights in my office，when I hadn’t seen my family in days，as I lived on caffeine and cheese nabs.I imagined the good happening to people around the globe.I also imagined the bad—people starving，enduring war，or losing their homes—and then ②weighed my situation.I would say a prayer for them，and I would remember that my time on Earth was limited.
With this perspective and my manager’s encouragement，I went back to school，then took a job with a Fortune 500 firm as a contract manager and rose to become a director and VP.I have recently started my own consulting business to mentor small companies entering federal contracting.I’ve found that many folks feel they must make a good impression or prove themselves，and that to do so，they cannot admit when they need help.But I can see it in their eyes or hear it in their voices.I tell them what my manager told me：Step away for a few minutes，prioritize your actions，and focus on what your best can be in that moment.
That is how I hope to make a difference in their lives.And who knows，maybe beyond what I see，my presence ripples(传开) out to their circles of influence，which reaches others’—creating waves again to those that make up all that blue in my picture of Earth.
1．What’s the function of paragraph 1
A. To arouse readers’ interest.
B．To show the author’s strong emotion.
C．To introduce the author’s current status of work.
D．To illuminate the author’s ups and downs in his career.
2．Why does the author still keep the postcard picture of Earth
A. Because he needs its navigation when at a loss.
B．Because he has gained a favored job with its help.
C．Because he was required by his manager to value it.
D．Because he views it as a reminder of thinking overall.
3．What does the underlined word “mentor” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Instruct. B．Absorb.
C．Invest. D．Encourage.
4．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A. The Influence of My Manager
B．The Ripples of the Big Earth Picture
C．The Stress Coming from Responsibilities
D．The Good and the Bad Happenings in My Career
语境猜词 ①immeasurably(派)＝im＋measurable＋ly ____________________ ②weigh(熟义：v.重；称重量) 生义(文义)：____________________
B
(2024·山东菏泽一模)
Childhood can bring much awe—the emotion caused by mysterious experiences of things or ideas that we’ve never encountered before.For example，our children can feel awe when looking up at a dark night sky that’s filled with more stars than they’ve ever imagined.As parents，it’s deeply moving to witness our children’s experience of awe—their breaths taken away，speechless apart from saying “Wow！”—because we see how it enriches their individual lives.And research suggests that awe can also boost our children’s desire to give as they feel small in the ①vastness of expanded awareness.
A recent study by researchers Eftychia Stamkou and her colleagues invited children between eight and thirteen years old to watch different videos.In the awe group，children watched a video from the movie Song of the Sea that ②features a child transforming into a seal and flying over a city.In the joy group，children watched a video from the movie Fantasia that shows friends celebrating.In the third group，children watched an ③instructional video of a boring activity.
Researchers measured children’s kindness toward poor families by inviting children to support a donation campaign by spending as much time as they wanted on figuring out the number of donated items，to make sure those in need got access to the donated food as quickly as possible.They also invited children to donate the reward they earned from participating in the research to a poor family.
The results Children who watched the awe-inspiring video spent more time counting food donations and donated their rewards to poor families more often compared to the children in the other groups.
“Although children from an early age are more likely to help in-group than out-group members，the findings show that awe can open them up to helping members of a national minority，” says Dacher Keltner，a renowned scholar of awe.“These findings highlight that awe-inspiring art can encourage children to give what they can offer to people who have been forcibly displaced from their countries of origin.That can serve as inspiration for educators.”
5．Why would parents like their children to have the experience of awe
A. It teaches their kids to keep quiet.
B．It makes their kids’ lives colorful.
C．It frees them from caring for kids.
D．It allows them to be praised by their kids.
6．What were children asked to do in the study
A．Retell stories in videos. B．Share their emotions.
C．Do counting work. D．Cook some food.
7．How does Dacher Keltner comment on the study
A. Its methods are rather complex.
B．Its conclusion is nothing special.
C．Its study subjects are unsuitable.
D．Its findings are of significance.
8．What is the main idea of the text
A. The experience of awe is common for us.
B．Awe brings you back to your childhood life.
C．Nature is the most awesome thing for kids.
D．Feeling awe may help kids be more generous.
语境猜词 ①vastness(派)＝vast＋ness ____________________ ②feature(转)n.→v.____________________ ③instructional(派)＝instruct＋ion＋al ____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·河南部分重点高中联考)
There’s a ①misconception that if you are kind to yourself，then you are not going to be successful.But in fact，being kind to yourself can help you reach your goals. 1 It can leave you burnt out，not thinking clearly，and lacking in energy.Here are some strategies to help you learn how to be kind to yourself.
2 Do an honest assessment of your strengths and weaknesses.Figure out what you need to do about the self-improvement work.Are you struggling with depression or anxiety Do you have trouble focusing on your work If addressing these things on your own is too difficult，you may need the help of a mental health professional.
Change the way you think about failure. 3 If you spend too much time fearing it，you will not live up to your potential.Every failure you have is an opportunity to learn.When you are faced with failure，you should ask yourself questions like，“What can I learn from this experience？” and “How can I use this to make me better？”
Be selective about who you allow in your circle.Get rid of people who make you feel bad about yourself，or are hurtful toward you.It is great to have friends around you who care about you and want to see you improve yourself.Get rid of the ones who just enjoy ②picking on you. 4
Practice gratitude.It’s impossible to feel grateful and depressed at the same time. 5 Practicing gratitude is an important part of being kind to yourself because the benefits occur in so many different categories.Studies show that people who practice gratitude develop physical benefits like fewer pains，lower blood pressure，and better sleep.
A．Manage your mind.
B．Accept your weakness.
C．The two emotions are ③at odds with each other.
D．Taking poor care of yourself is not the key to success.
E．You cannot succeed without having lots of experiences with failure.
F．When you are depressed，try to find things that you can be grateful for.
G．Actively work to surround yourself with people who are loving and trustworthy.
语境猜词 ①misconception(派)＝mis＋conception ____________________ ②pick on sb____________________ ③at odds with____________________
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
Years ago，as a young business reporter，I interviewed an advertising executive.I was there to ask about the latest 1 .But when I sat down，he wanted to talk about writing fiction.He spent hours meeting with clients and crafting slogans，but he dreamed of being a(n) 2 instead.
A decade or so later，however，I was 3 to see the advertiser on TV，holding up his new 4 .James Patterson had 5 into a bestselling author.“Maybe I was delusional(痴心妄想的)，but I 6 thought of myself as an advertising person，” he told me when asked how he’d done it.“I always 7 to be a writer.It was always in my head.”
Mr Patterson’s ability to see himself as a writer 8 a concept known as “possible selves”．It describes how people 9 their futures：what they may become，or want to become，or even fear becoming.
The term， 10 in 1986 by the social psychologists Hazel Markus and Paula Nurius，grew out of the 11 on self-concept and self-perception.A possible self can take you 12 daydreams，which are often fleeting and not necessarily grounded in 13 .It can come to fruition(实现) “if you build a 14 from your ‘now’ self to the possible self，” Dr.Markus said.
If you want a change，imagine your possible self and 15 .
1．A.campaign B．budget
C．hobby D．travel
2．A.entrepreneur B．novelist
C．consultant D．specialist
3．A.relieved B．delighted
C．terrified D．surprised
4．A.envelope B．magazine
C．book D．journal
5．A.expanded B．changed
C．ranged D．migrated
6．A.never B．merely
C．nearly D．ever
7．A.hesitated B．deserved
C．planned D．learned
8．A.creates B．contradicts
C．introduces D．illustrates
9．A.build B．embrace
C．①envision D．secure
10．A.bought B．②coined
C．imagined D．promoted
11．A.research B．advertisement
C．suggestion D．regulation
12．A.through B．along
C．within D．beyond
13．A.responsibility B．earth
C．reality D．truth
14．A.shelter B．bridge
C．barrier D．platform
15．A.take action B．make it
C．settle down D．stay awake
语境猜词 ①envision(派)＝en＋vision ____________________ ②coin(熟义：n.硬币) 生义(文义)：____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·广西模拟预测)
When you travel in China，you can simply stick to popular attractions.But it can’t be 1.____________________ better choice to turn to Chinese food，where you can get bathed in truly authentic local culture.
Chinese food and the differences between Chinese and Western diets are both things that spark the 2.____________________(curious) of most who visit China.You might even be surprised to learn that some of the Chinese dishes in America were 3.____________________(specific) created to suit Western tastes.Moreover，when traveling through China you’ll most likely take notice of a few differences in the way food 4.____________________(eat)．For example，soup in the West is generally consumed 5.____________________ the start of a meal，while the Chinese prefer to enjoy their soup at the end.
You might also notice some distinct differences in meal preparation and cooking 6.____________________(technique)，which you may ignore when dining out in or ordering ①takeout from Chinese restaurants back home.
Cooking classes recently 7.____________________(become) an increasingly popular activity among those 8.____________________(show) an interest in learning more about China’s culture through its cuisine.If you’re looking to take it a step 9.____________________(far)，②keep an eye out for cooking classes held by residents in their own homes,10.____________________ you can try your hand at cooking in the Chinese way.
语境猜词 ①takeout(合)＝take＋out ____________________ ②keep an eye out for ____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①adv.无法计量地；无限地 ②v.认真考虑；权衡
B．①n.巨大；广大 ②由……主演；以……为特色 ③adj.教学的；教育的
Ⅱ.①n.误解；错误想法 ②刁难某人 ③与……相矛盾
Ⅲ.①v.设想 ②v.创造(新词语)
Ⅳ.①n.外卖 ②留意；密切注意
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在职业生涯中如何学会应对压力，并通过自己的经验去帮助他人。
1．A [推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者描述了自己在早期职业生涯中常感到不堪重负，直到经理给他一张地球的明信片照片，这张照片至今还影响着作者，结合后文的描述可推知，第一段的作用是引发读者的兴趣，让读者想要了解这张照片如何影响作者的职业生涯。故选A。]
2．D [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“He wanted me to look at Earth...in the context of what others around the world faced.”和“I imagined the good happening to people around the globe...and then weighed my situation.”以及第三段首句的“With this perspective”可推知，作者保留这张地球的照片是因为它提醒他要从全局思考。故选D。]
3．A [词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的“I have recently started my own consulting business”和“entering federal contracting”可推知，作者开始了自己的咨询业务，应是指导进入联邦合同的小公司。mentor在这里的意思是“指导”。故选A。]
4．B [标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据最后一段中“my presence ripples(传开) out to their circles of influence，which reaches others’—creating waves again to those that make up all that blue in my picture of Earth”可知，作者讲述了他如何通过一张地球的照片应对职业生涯中的压力，并通过自己的经验去帮助他人，产生了影响力的涟漪。因此，B选项(地球照片引起的涟漪)最能生动地概括文章的主题。故选B。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项针对孩子敬畏之情的研究，该研究发现有敬畏之情的孩子更加慷慨，愿意帮助他人。
5．B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As parents，it’s deeply moving to witness our children’s experience of awe—their breaths taken away，speechless apart from saying ‘Wow！’—because we see how it enriches their individual lives.”可知，父母希望他们的孩子有敬畏的经历是为了使孩子们的生活丰富多彩。故选B。]
6．C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Researchers measured children’s kindness toward poor families by inviting children to support a donation campaign by spending as much time as they wanted on figuring out the number of donated items，to make sure those in need got access to the donated food as quickly as possible.”可知，孩子们在研究中被要求做计数工作。故选C。]
7．D [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“These findings highlight that awe-inspiring art can encourage children to give what they can offer to people who have been forcibly displaced from their countries of origin.That can serve as inspiration for educators.”可知，克尔特纳认为这项研究的发现很有意义。故选D。]
8．D [主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据倒数第二段“The results Children who watched the awe-inspiring video spent more time counting food donations and donated their rewards to poor families more often compared to the children in the other groups.”可知，文章主要介绍了一项针对孩子敬畏之情的研究，发现有敬畏之情的孩子更加慷慨，愿意帮助他人。由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是敬畏可能会帮助孩子更慷慨。故选D。]
Ⅱ.1.D 2.B 3.E 4.G 5.F
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者多年前采访一位广告主管的经历，当时这位广告人梦想成为一名小说家，大约十年后，他最终实现了自己的梦想，文章还介绍了“可能的自我”这一概念。
1．A [campaign运动，活动；budget预算；hobby爱好；travel旅行。根据上文“Years ago，as a young business reporter，I interviewed an advertising executive.”可知，作者采访的是一名广告主管，所以想问的应该是最新的广告宣传活动，故选A。]
2．B [entrepreneur企业家；novelist小说家；consultant顾问；specialist专家。根据上文“he wanted to talk about writing fiction”可以推断出这位广告主管梦想成为一名小说家，故选B。]
3．D [relieved宽慰的；delighted高兴的；terrified害怕的；surprised惊讶的。根据上文“Years ago，as a young business reporter，I interviewed an advertising executive.”和下文“a bestselling author”可知，这位广告主管成了畅销书作家，这对作者来说是出乎意料的，因此感到惊讶，故选D。]
4．C [envelope信封；magazine杂志；book书；journal期刊。根据“James Patterson had ________ into a bestselling author”可以推断出，这里指的是他拿着自己的新书，故选C。]
5．B [expand扩张；change变换；range变动；migrate迁移。根据上文“Years ago，as a young business reporter，I interviewed an advertising executive.”可知，他原本是一个广告主管，十年后成为一名畅销书作家，这是职业身份的变化，故选B。]
6．A [never从未；merely仅仅；nearly几乎；ever曾经。根据下文“I always ________ to be a writer.It was always in my head.”可知，他一直想成为一名作家，由此可推理出他从未将自己看作是一个广告人，故选A。]
7．C [hesitate犹豫；deserve值得；plan计划；learn学习。根据下文“It was always in my head.”可知，他一直在心中规划着成为一名作家，故选C。]
8．D [create创造；contradict相矛盾；introduce介绍；illustrate说明。根据下文“It describes how people ________ their futures：what they may become，or want to become，or even fear becoming.”可知，他将自己视为作家的能力说明了一个被称为“可能的自我”的概念，故选D。]
9．C [build建造；embrace拥抱；envision设想；secure(尤指经过努力)获得。根据下文“what they may become，or want to become，or even fear becoming”可知，这里是在描述人们对未来的设想，故选C。]
10．B [buy购买；coin创造(新词语)；imagine想象；promote推广。根据上文“The term”可知，这里指的是创造一个新的术语，故选B。]
11．A [research研究；advertisement广告；suggestion建议；regulation规定。根据下文“on self-concept and self-perception”可知，这里指的是“可能的自我”这一术语源自关于自我概念和自我认知的研究，故选A。]
12．D [through通过；along沿着；within在……之内；beyond超越。根据上文讲原本是广告主管的帕特森先生因相信“可能的自我”而成为作家的经历可知，一个可能的自我可以带你超越白日梦，实现梦想，故选D。]
13．C [responsibility责任；earth地球，地面；reality现实；truth真相。根据上文“daydreams，which are often fleeting and not necessarily grounded in”可推理出，此处说的是白日梦转瞬即逝，不一定植根于现实，故选C。]
14．B [shelter避难所；bridge桥梁；barrier障碍；platform平台。根据下文“from your ‘now’ self to the possible self”可知，这里是在比喻性地描述从现在的状态过渡到理想状态需要一座桥梁，故选B。]
15．A [take action采取行动；make it成功；settle down定居；stay awake保持清醒。根据上文“from your ‘now’ self to the possible self”以及“If you want a change”可知，这里是指为了把可能的自我变为现实，需要采取实际行动，故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.a 2.curiosity 3.specifically 4.is eaten 5.at
6．techniques 7.have become 8.showing 9.further 10.where选择性必修第二册 Unit 2 Improving yourself
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Suppose you’re eager to watch the latest televised sport.Nothing looks more attractive to you than your couch.But you also could use that time to figure out how to complete the home craft project，which will take you at least an hour of watching instructional videos to complete it.You know that you’d feel proud of yourself if you got it done.However，the couch’s attraction becomes too hard to resist.
According to a research，your dilemma is an example of what’s called the “happiness paradox(悖论)．” Simply stated，this is the tendency for people to choose a leisure activity that requires very little effort even though they know that a true mood boost would come from sharpening and applying their skills.Prior research showed that when given a choice，people would rather engage in passive rather than active pursuits during their leisure time.However，it’s an ①unreasonable choice because what will really make you happier is being busy in an activity that allows you to expand and strengthen your skills.
Why would engaging in a more challenging activity increase happiness The answer lies in the concept of “flow”，that is，when you’re using your abilities at their peak，you experience an uprush of happiness that pushes you through a challenging task.You won’t feel that way if you just do the simple task.
Although the couch is inviting compared to a halfway-done project，we still have a way to approach it.You can break the activity down into what can be more ②manageable sections.Looking more realistically at your abilities，and then seeking guidance，you can now feel better about the whole enterprise.
The finding doesn’t mean that you have to abandon your couch all the time when you’ve got a choice about how to use your leisure time.Instead，you could put some variety into your choices.If you had a particularly tough week，either with managing your family or responsibilities at work，it’s fine to take a break.You don’t even need to feel guilty about that occasional use of “me-time.”
1．What is paragraph 1 about
A．Introducing a project. B．Defining a concept.
C．Stating a phenomenon. D．Providing an instruction.
2．What is happiness paradox
A．An active pursuit. B．A conflicting mindset.
C．A leisure activity. D．An effortless choice.
3．How can you entertain yourself when doing a challenging task
A. By breaking the task into small units.
B．By stepping out of your comfort zone.
C．By finishing undone project right now.
D．By reducing the variety of your choice.
4．What does the research show
A. The method of improving skills.
B．The management of responsibility.
C．The happiness from easy activities.
D．The wisdom of using your “me-time”．
语境猜词 ①unreasonable(派)＝un＋reason＋able ____________________ ②manageable(派)＝manage＋able ____________________
B
The psychological term，valence weighting bias，describes people’s tendency to adapt in new circumstances by drawing more strongly from either their positive or negative attitudes，or rather，whether negative or positive internal “signals” carry the most weight in guiding people’s final behavior.
Studies led by Russell Fazio and Javier Granados from The Ohio State University found links between a ①negative-leaning attitude and procrastination(拖延) and that it’s possible to shift the weighting bias and reverse the tendency to delay a task.
In their first study,147 college students participated in a program allowing them to accumulate course credits for engaging in a research.Those who thought it was an awful thing to do procrastinated starting.The study also explored whether students’ measures of self-control influenced task-related behaviors：How students characterized their level of motivation about the research program，and if that affected whether students got an early start.Results showed the combination of negative weighting bias and self-reported low motivation for self-control was linked to students putting off research program participation by getting started later in the semester.
Then the students in the program who were self-reported procrastinators and who scored high for negative weighting bias were asked to join in another study.Researchers then inspired one group in a way that led participants to weigh positive and negative signals in a more balanced way.This shift caused the students to accumulate credit hours more quickly than the group whose negative weighting bias and low self-control reliably predicted their delay.“If somebody is more motivated and able to think more about it，that might bring other considerations that weaken the influence of the valence weighting bias，” researchers said.
Negative weighting bias can have a positive effect on behavior，though.These researchers have also found evidence that a negative weighting bias may help people be more realistic when they’re asking themselves，“Have I studied enough for this test？” “It’s better to be more objectively balanced than to be at either extreme，” Fazio said.“But the situation where a particular valence weighting bias is likely to be ②problematic is going to vary.”
5．What can we know about valence weighting bias
A．It is used in modern technology.
B．It influences people’s mental health.
C．It directs what people do variously.
D．It leads to delays in carrying out tasks.
6．Which students in the first study would start participating earlier
A. Those who suffered from valence weighting bias.
B．Those who drew more strongly from positivity.
C．Those who thought poorly of their self-discipline.
D．Those who considered themselves lack of motivation.
7．What does the experiment in paragraph 4 indicate
A. High scores lead to more consideration.
B．Negative weighting bias can be reversed.
C．Participants need professional knowledge.
D．Measuring properly is of vital importance.
8．What message is conveyed in the last paragraph
A. Negative weighting bias can be beneficial.
B．People need to strive to be positive at any time.
C．Positive people tend to make random decisions.
D．Valence weighting bias applies to different situations.
语境猜词 ①negative-leaning(合)＝negative＋leaning ____________________ ②problematic(派)＝problem＋atic ____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Do you like spending time alone If so，you probably know that there are people criticizing you for it.They think you are alone because you’re anxious about being around other people and just don’t have very positive relationships with humans. 1
These have been the common opinions on spending time alone for far too long. 2 Scholars believe that spending time alone helps you break free from pressures and is good for mental and physical health.
3 You need to feel the ①dissatisfaction with where you’re now to get the motivation to change and achieve what you want.Being around others constantly might distract(转移) yourself from the informative feeling.Spending time alone enables you to check how your life is in line with your plans，or research resources related to your aims.
Your creativity is increased when being alone.If you are constantly in the presence of others，your mind is more likely to be engaged in being social. 4 Those who enjoy creative pursuits，like writing and music，especially need to get alone time.If you’re not used to alone time，being alone while around others is a good way to start，such as writing at a library or in a café.
Keeping yourself away from others improves sleep quality.If you are always busy with others，you may notice that it’s difficult to ②wind down at night.Those moments right before you fall asleep can be uncomfortable if you are not used to being alone. 5 Consequently，you feel more comfortable transitioning(过渡) from wakefulness to sleep.
A．Alone time helps you focus on your goals.
B．Or they assume you are lonely and depressed.
C．You don’t need to worry about opinions others have.
D．Reasons for being alone vary from one person to another.
E．More recently，the value of aloneness has been increasingly recognized.
F．Having space from others can ③free up your mind to think of new ideas.
G．Taking time for yourself can help you practice being with your thoughts.
语境猜词 ①dissatisfaction(派)＝dis＋satisfaction ____________________ ②wind down ____________________ ③free(转)adj.→v.____________________
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
This fall marks an especially memorable time for one family celebrating three generations walking into Carthage College together.Samantha Malczewski,19，the sophomore nursing student recalled，“It was really 1 .I didn’t expect it.” However，Carter，aged 18，said she had a 2 that their mom Amy Malczewski and grandmother Christy Schwan were interested in going back to school.
Calling herself “Carthage’s biggest fan”，Amy Malczewski has a deep 3 to Carthage College.“And Carthage has this amazing 4 for the master’s degree in business and design，which is really 5 all the things that I love，” said she.
Meanwhile，when Christy heard of her daughter’s 6 ，she quickly realized they could 7 on the journey together.The 71-year-old 8 three years ago after working in ①employee benefits consulting.“Amy said，‘I think you ought to 9 it too.’ And I’m like，‘OH，I think you’re right，we should do this 10 ，’” Christy ②recounted.“It’s helped fill a(n) 11 space for me.”
As the four settle into classes and busy 12 ，the two sisters said they’re 13 to accompany them to class，have this little study group，or get dinner together in the cafeteria.
In a statement，Carthage College 14 the family and their educational goals.“Spanning three generations，this family reminds us of the power of 15 learning，” the school said.“Age isn’t a factor—we can all continue to learn.”
1．A.awkward B．surprising
C．shameful D．comforting
2．A.guess B．lesson
C．proposal D．promise
3．A.discussion B．invitation
C．connection D．innovation
4．A.program B．test
C．reason D．routine
5．A.in need of B．in line with
C．in return for D．in advance of
6．A.role B．power
C．bet D．plan
7．A.take off B．set aside
C．take away D．set out
8．A.complained B．retired
C．withdrawn D．followed
9．A.delay B．admit
C．consider D．risk
10．A.willingly B．heartily
C．apart D．together
11．A.empty B．important
C．limited D．narrow
12．A.roads B．schedules
C．gatherings D．journeys
13．A.expecting B．motivating
C．learning D．pretending
14．A.reflected B．mentioned
C．applauded D．understood
15．A.tough B．temporary
C．basic D．lifelong
语境猜词 ①employee(派)＝employ＋ee ____________________ ②recount(派)＝re＋count ____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·安徽马鞍山三模)
Ai Jing’s exhibition All The World Is Green opened on Tuesday，at the Helen J Gallery in Los Angeles.This 1.____________________(mark) the debut(首次亮相) solo exhibition in Los Angeles for the 2.____________________(high) recognized multitalented artist，musician，writer，and actress.
The exhibition showcased 3.____________________ diverse range of artworks，including paintings，videos，and installations(装置)，4.____________________(demonstrate) Ai’s artistic skills and unique perspectives on life，nature，and emotions.
At the heart of the exhibition，Girl on a Swing 5.__________________(surround) by block-color paintings and a recreated ①grassy area，reflecting the artist’s inner world with colors of golden cornfields，shining sun，and expansive ②greenery spreading out.
In her younger years，Ai longed to leave home，6.__________________ now she finds herself seeking a sense 7.____________________ belonging.This emotion pushed Ai’s exploration into painting，video，and installation art.
During the early stages of her career，she sang：“At 17，I left my hometown of Shenyang / For it seemed my dreams lay elsewhere.” It wasn’t until she gained international 8.____________________(recognize) and spent years abroad that Ai began to feel a longing for home.“Childhood 9.____________________(memory) leave deep impressions on one’s growth，” reflected Ai.
Running for about two months，the exhibition offered enough time for audiences 10.____________________(explore) and appreciate Ai’s artistic vision.
语境猜词 ①grassy(派)＝grass＋y ____________________ ②greenery(派)＝green＋ery ____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①adj.不合理的 ②adj.易管理的；易控制的
B．①adj.消极倾向的 ②adj.产生问题的；造成困难的
Ⅱ.①n.不满意 ②放松，休息 ③使解脱出来
Ⅲ.①n.受雇者；雇员 ②v.叙述；讲述
Ⅳ.①adj.长满草的，被草覆盖的 ②n.绿色植物
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。文章通过阐述“幸福悖论”这一概念，解释了人们在闲暇时间倾向于选择低努力活动而非能提升技能的活动这一现象，并说明了如何更有效地利用时间以获得更大幸福感，包括采用“心流”理论和合理安排个人时间。
1．C [段落大意题。根据第一段“Suppose you’re eager to watch the latest televised sport...You know that you’d feel proud of yourself if you got it done.However，the couch’s attraction becomes too hard to resist.”可知，本段通过描述一个人在决定是看电视还是做手工艺项目时的心理斗争，说明了一个普遍现象，即人们在休闲时常常选择无需太多努力的活动，尽管他们知道通过提升和应用技能会带来更多的心情提升。故C选项“Stating a phenomenon.”符合题意。故选C。]
2．B [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“...your dilemma is an example of what’s called the ‘happiness paradox(悖论)．’ Simply stated，this is the tendency for people to choose a leisure activity that requires very little effort even though they know that a true mood boost would come from sharpening and applying their skills.”可知，“幸福悖论”指的是人们倾向于选择轻松的休闲活动，即使他们明白真正能提升心情的是参与需要技能提升和应用的活动。这是一种矛盾的思维模式。故选B。]
3．A [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Although the couch is inviting compared to a halfway-done project，we still have a way to approach it.You can break the activity down into what can be more manageable sections.”可知，面对有挑战性的任务时，可以将其分解为更易于管理的部分来应对。故选A。]
4．D [推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后三段可知，研究显示了应如何智慧地利用个人时间，包括理解在有挑战性的活动中寻找“心流”状态，将任务进行分解以及在需要时合理安排休息并不感到内疚。故D选项“The wisdom of using your ‘me-time’．”符合题意。故选D。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。俄亥俄州立大学的Russell Fazio和Javier Granados领导的研究发现了消极态度和拖延之间的联系，并指出我们有可能改变权重偏向，逆转拖延任务的趋势。
5．C [细节理解题。根据第一段“The psychological term，valence weighting bias，describes...whether negative or positive internal ‘signals’ carry the most weight in guiding people’s final behavior.”可知，效价权重偏向指导人们以不同方式做事。故选C。]
6．B [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Those who thought it was an awful thing to do procrastinated starting.”可知，认为这是一件糟糕的事情的学生是消极的，这些人参与得晚，因此可推知，如果学生们更加积极乐观，他们会更早开始参与。故选B。]
7．B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“This shift caused the students to accumulate credit hours more quickly than the group whose negative weighting bias and low self-control reliably predicted their delay.”可知，第四段中的实验说明消极权重偏向可以被逆转。故选B。]
8．A [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Negative weighting bias can have a positive effect on behavior，though...a negative weighting bias may help people be more realistic...”可知，消极权重偏向可能是有益的。故选A。]
Ⅱ.1.B 2.E 3.A 4.F 5.G
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 本文是记叙文，讲述了一家三代人一起上学，说明年龄不是障碍，我们都可以继续学习。
1．B [awkward令人尴尬的；surprising令人惊讶的；shameful可耻的；comforting令人安慰的。根据后文“I didn’t expect it.”可知，她没有料到，所以这是让人惊讶的。故选B。]
2．A [guess猜测；lesson课程；proposal建议；promise承诺。根据后文“Calling herself ‘Carthage’s biggest fan’，Amy Malczewski has a deep _________ to Carthage College.”可知，她们的妈妈是迦太基的忠实粉丝，所以应该是猜妈妈对重返学校很感兴趣。故选A。]
3．C [discussion讨论；invitation邀请；connection关联；innovation创新。根据前文“Calling herself ‘Carthage’s biggest fan’”可知，Amy Malczewski自称是“迦太基的忠实粉丝”，所以是与迦太基学院有着深厚的渊源。故选C。]
4．A [program项目；test测试；reason原因；routine惯例。根据后文“the master’s degree in business and design”可知，此处应是商业和设计硕士项目。故选A。]
5．B [in need of有……的需要；in line with与……一致；in return for作为对……的回报；in advance of在……之前。根据前文的amazing以及后文“all the things that I love”可知，Amy非常喜欢这个项目，所以是和她喜欢的所有东西都是一致的。故选B。]
6．D [role角色；power力量；bet赌注；plan计划。根据前文“their mom Amy Malczewski and grandmother Christy Schwan were interested in going back to school”可推知，Amy Malczewski有重返学校的计划。故选D。]
7．D [take off起飞；set aside搁置；take away带走；set out出发，开始工作。根据前文“their mom Amy Malczewski and grandmother Christy Schwan were interested in going back to school”可知，Amy Malczewski和Christy Schwan都想重返学校，所以是可以一起出发。故选D。]
8．B [complain抱怨；retire退休；withdraw撤回；follow跟随。根据后文“after working in employee benefits consulting”可知，是在工作后，所以是退休了。故选B。]
9．C [delay延迟；admit承认；consider考虑；risk冒……的风险。根据前文“The 71-year-old _______ three years ago after working in employee benefits consulting.”可知，Christy三年前退休了，所以Amy认为她应该考虑和她一起重返学校。故选C。]
10．D [willingly乐意地；heartily尽情地；apart分开地；together同时。根据前文“she quickly realized they could________ on the journey together”可知，她们可以一起做这件事。故选D。]
11．A [empty空白的；important重要的；limited有限的；narrow狭窄的。根据前文“The 71-year-old _________ three years ago after working in employee benefits consulting.”可知，Christy退休三年，所以重返学校能填补她的退休生活的空白。故选A。]
12．B [road道路；schedule日程安排；gathering聚会；journey旅行。根据前文“As the four settle into classes”可知，四人都要到学校上课，所以应该是繁忙的日程。故选B。]
13．A [expect期待；motivate激励；learn学习；pretend假装。根据后文“accompany them to class，have this little study group，or get dinner together in the cafeteria”可知，这些是两姐妹期待去做的事。故选A。]
14．C [reflect反映；mention提到；applaud称赞；understand理解。根据后文“Spanning three generations，this family reminds us of the power of _________ learning”可知，学校说她们的故事体现了学习的力量，可知是在称赞她们。故选C。]
15．D [tough艰难的；temporary临时的；basic基本的；lifelong终身的。根据后文“Age isn’t a factor—we can all continue to learn.”可知，年龄不是障碍，我们都可以继续学习，所以是终身学习的力量。故选D。]
Ⅳ.1.marked 2.highly 3.a 4.demonstrating 5.was surrounded 6.but/yet 7.of 8.recognition 9.memories 10.to explore选择性必修第二册 Unit 3 Times change!
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Throughout history，literature has been a mirror to society，capturing its evolution，revolutions，conflicts，and ambition.As readers，we often find comfort，inspiration，or severe realities through the world of words.Yet，in the 21st century，with a sharp rise in ①digitalization，literature’s canvas(画布) has expanded dramatically，leading to both enthusiasm and worry among literary enthusiasts.
Dr.Elizabeth Montgomery，a famous literary critic and professor at the Langford Literary University，set about an extensive study to decipher(破译) the changing landscape of literature in the digital age.“The printed word has a ②touchable beauty and permanence.Digital platforms，on the other hand，are vast，changing，and developing.This dichotomy(天壤之别) is interesting but also challenges traditional literary boundaries，” reflected Montgomery.
Montgomery’s study lasted over two years，involving a diverse group of 1,200 participants from various age groups and backgrounds.They were divided into three groups：the first experienced literature only through printed books，the second through e-books，and the third through interactive digital stories，which combine text，graphics，and user interaction.
Feedback revealed diverse insights.Printed book fans valued the sensory experience—the feel of pages，the smell of a book—claiming that it deepened their connection to the content.E-book readers appreciated the convenience and portability but missed the touchable experience of traditional books.However，the third group，who engaged with interactive digital stories，expressed excitement at being part of the story，though some felt it weakened the literary essence.
Further，the study found that interactive stories appealed especially to younger readers，suggesting a potential shift in future literary consumption patterns.Montgomery notes，“While traditionalists might find the digital development of literature disturbing，it’s undeniable that the boundary between readers and stories is becoming more ③foggy.The key is to balance innovation with the preservation of literary integrity.”
1．What was the purpose of Dr.Elizabeth Montgomery’s study
A. To promote digital platforms over printed books.
B．To explore the impact of digitalization on literature.
C．To present the landscape of the digital literature.
D．To challenge the traditional literary boundaries.
2．What can we learn about the participants who read printed books
A. They found it convenient to carry the books around.
B．They believed the books lacked the literary essence.
C．They thought they were happy to be involved in the story.
D．They felt the sensory experience promoted their understanding.
3．What does the study suggest about the future of literature consumption
A. Traditional books may be preferred by elder people.
B．Digital stories will enjoy equal preference of all ages.
C．Interactive stories may see a rise among younger readers.
D．E-books will replace printed books and dominate the market.
4．What is Montgomery’s attitude to the digital development of literature
A．Objective. B．Doubtful.
C．Excited. D．Unconcerned.
语境猜词 ①digitalization(派)＝digital＋iz(e)＋ation ____________________ ②touchable(派)＝touch＋able ____________________ ③foggy(派)＝fog＋gy ____________________
B
(2024·浙江绍兴三模)
The Yellow River is the cradle of China’s civilization.And flood control and prevention have always been key to the well-being of the people living along it.Now，scientists can better work on these issues by giving the river a digital twin.
The digital twin of the Yellow River uses various technologies，including big data，artificial intelligence，and the Internet.Devices set up along the river collect and transmit information to the command center.Based on the information，a 3D model of the river is presented on the computer screen.It’s like the Yellow River has a twin that reflects its real conditions.
One big breakthrough in the river’s digital governance is “smart stones”．According to Wang Qin，a lead researcher at the Information Center of Yellow River Henan Bureau，a smart stone is a ①water-proof stone-shaped device with chips，a battery，and a signal transmitter.They are buried in important dike locations to record and report the movement of dike stones.“Upon feeling movement of the dike stones，the smart stone sends an alarm to the command center for quick response，” Wang said.
“In the past，researchers had to learn the conditions of the dike on the spot by themselves，putting their lives at risk，” said Zhao Xiaoxiong from the bureau.“Now the smart stones can do this for us，more safely，quickly，and accurately.”
And in the sky，drones(无人机) are flying.On the routes designed by engineers，the drones become expert patrollers(巡逻员) of the river，looking at its dikes and flood prevention projects.According to Shen Lin from the Yellow River Conservancy Commission，thanks to the drones，researchers at the command center can get first-hand photos and information.“Researchers then update the 3D model according to the changes the drones reported.The newly updated model helps us test our floodwater release plans in case we ever need to batten down the hatches，” said Shen.
Under the water and up in the sky，intelligent systems are helping to protect the Yellow River Basin ②on all fronts.According to the Ministry of Water Resources，in the future，we can expect to see the construction of an even more comprehensive digital system for this important river.
5．What is the purpose of creating a digital twin of the Yellow River
A. To popularize the digital information.
B．To promote the local economic development.
C．To increase the effectiveness of flood prevention.
D．To arouse the awareness of environmental protection.
6．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．The significance of smart stones.
B．The components of smart stones.
C．The design feature of smart stones.
D．The working principle of smart stones.
7．What is the function of drones in the digital governance
A．To take wildlife photos.
B．To update the previous model.
C．To collect the needed information.
D．To test the floodwater release plans.
8．Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A. Yellow River Seeing Double
B．The Cradle of China’s Civilization
C．Bright Outlook of Digital Development
D．Intelligent Systems Witnessing a Breakthrough
语境猜词 ①water-proof(合)＝water＋proof ____________________ ②on all fronts____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·山东菏泽期末)
Culture shock is the experience that often accompanies moving to an unfamiliar place.It could be marked by feeling lost，anxious or hesitant. 1 You’ll become accustomed to the same things that initially “shocked” you! Read on for tips for overcoming culture shock in a short time.
When deciding to visit an entirely new place，don’t expect the traditions and cultures followed by your current home to be followed by the new land. 2 So keep your expectations low.
Even though it is an unfamiliar environment hosting different cultures and traditions from the one you’re used to，it’s vital to broaden your mind and be willing to try new things.Don’t be quick to form discriminatory judgments just because it is “odd”．①Have a go at something different，like a new food—different isn’t necessarily bad. 3
Social psychologists claim that lack of information is the biggest contributor to prejudices.Talk to the local people and ask them about how their culture works instead of assuming the worst. 4 Plus，you’ll make some friends who can ease your transformation.
Keep yourself open-minded，await new experiences and ②familiarize yourself with the conduct of the people. 5 Go out there and have fun!
A．Integrity breaks down barriers.
B．You can gain insight into your surroundings.
C．Culture shock will eventually disappear，though.
D．Every city or country has its own values and beliefs.
E．Never do you know where you might find an interest.
F．Consequently，such memories are what you should treasure.
G．As long as you stick to that，you’ll soon adjust to the new culture.
语境猜词 ①have a go at____________________ ②familiarize sb with sth____________________
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·山东枣庄二模)
One day，I had a serious quarrel with my father.I felt he was always trying to 1 me and I wanted to break free.After we exploded in 2 ，I ①stormed out of the house and went back to school.
All that day，my mind was ②racing with 3 thoughts.After all，he hadn’t even finished high school，but here I was a ③mighty college student! How dare he try to 4 me on my life and plans
Suddenly，I realized that I didn’t do the assignment that was 5 ：a thought card.Dr.Simon always 6 us to think deeply by raising all kinds of questions about social issues，political issues，personal issues，etc. 7 for something to write，I could only think of the 8 I’d just had with my dad.
“I am the son of an idiot！” I wrote and then 9 .The next day，Dr.Simon gave back our cards.He put mine on the desk face down.I picked it up，almost unable to turn it 10 .On the card，he wrote，“What does ‘the son of an idiot’ 11 with the rest of his life？”
I felt like someone had 12 me in the face.Again and again，my parents didn’t 13 me and I blamed them for this or that，but how long could I get away with blaming them for my life
Slowly，my thinking 14 and my relationship with my father improved.Instead of controlling，now I saw him as concerned and caring.And it all started with an innocent-seeming 15 .
1．A.prevent B．trouble
C．criticize D．control
2．A.details B．shouts
C．tears D．flames
3．A.deep B．stupid
C．angry D．strange
4．A.lecture B．overcome
C．suspect D．compete
5．A.near B．prior
C．close D．due
6．A.forced B．challenged
C．confused D．appealed
7．A.Empty B．Desperate
C．Absent D．Curious
8．A.fight B．matter
C．lesson D．fact
9．A.put away B．calmed down
C．signed up D．handed in
10．A.down B．up
C．over D．around
11．A.do B．agree
C．deal D．leave
12．A.joked B．struck
C．looked D．ignored
13．A.please B．educate
C．praise D．pardon
14．A.cleared B．struggled
C．shifted D．abandoned
15．A.quarrel B．teacher
C．reply D．question
语境猜词 ①storm(转)n.→v.____________________ ②race(转)n.→v.____________________ ③mighty(派)＝might＋y ____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The Internet is one of the 1.____________________(great) creations and provides people with instant access 2.____________________ an endless supply of knowledge and entertainment.Using a search engine，you can ask almost any question 3.____________________ may confuse you，and find a web page with information about that question.There are also millions of videos on websites or social media，4.____________________(explain) various topics.
In the past，it would take days and sometimes even months 5.____________________(receive) a letter from someone else.Today，with the Internet，you can send an e-mail to anyone in the world and often have it 6.____________________(deliver) in less than a minute.
However，the Internet is not without its 7.____________________(disadvantage)．Playing games on the Internet can become very ①addictive，which leads to much time being wasted.And constant connectivity means some people 8.____________________(expect) to be available to work at any time of the day，even if they previously refused to.
Despite the ②drawbacks，the Internet has 9.____________________(undoubted) changed the way we live，work and communicate，and it’s here to stay.It’s up to us to use it wisely and make 10.____________________ most of its benefits while minimizing its negative effects.
语境猜词 ①addictive(派)＝addict＋ive ____________________ ②drawback(合)＝draw＋back ____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①n.数字化 ②adj.可触的 ③adj.模糊的
B．①adj.防水的 ②在所有方面
Ⅱ.①尝试 ②使某人熟悉某事物
Ⅲ.①气冲冲地走 ②(使)快速移动，快速运转 ③adj.强大的，巨大的
Ⅳ.①adj.使人上瘾的；使人入迷的 ②n.缺点
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了著名文学评论家伊丽莎白·蒙哥马利博士展开了一项广泛的研究，以解读数字时代不断变化的文学局面。
1．B [推理判断题。根据第二段中“Dr.Elizabeth Montgomery...set about an extensive study to decipher(破译) the changing landscape of literature in the digital age.”可知，伊丽莎白·蒙哥马利博士进行研究来解读数字化时代不断变化的文学的局面，可推断她研究的目的是探究数字化对文学的影响。故选B。]
2．D [细节理解题。根据第四段中“Printed book fans valued the sensory experience—the feel of pages，the smell of a book—claiming that it deepened their connection to the content.”可知，阅读印刷书籍的参与者觉得感官体验促进了他们对内容的理解。故选D。]
3．C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Further，the study found that interactive stories appealed especially to younger readers，suggesting a potential shift in future literary consumption patterns.”可知，这项研究发现互动故事尤其吸引年轻读者，所以互动故事可能会在年轻读者中兴起。故选C。]
4．A [观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Montgomery notes，‘While traditionalists might find the digital development of literature disturbing，it’s undeniable that the boundary between readers and stories is becoming more foggy.The key is to balance innovation with the preservation of literary integrity.’”可推知，蒙哥马利认为文学的数字化发展是客观趋势，并建议寻求平衡，可推知她对文学的数字化发展持客观态度。故选A。]
语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们现在可以通过给黄河建立数字孪生体来更好地处理防洪问题。
5．C [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“And flood control and prevention have always been key to the well-being of the people living along it.Now，scientists can better work on these issues by giving the river a digital twin.”可知，创建黄河数字孪生体的主要目的是提高防洪工作的有效性。故选C。]
6．D [段落大意题。根据第三段尤其最后两句“They are buried in important dike locations to record and report the movement of dike stones.‘Upon feeling movement of the dike stones，the smart stone sends an alarm to the command center for quick response，’ Wang said.”可知，本段主要讲的是智能石的工作原理。故选D。]
7．C [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“On the routes designed by engineers，the drones become expert patrollers(巡逻员) of the river，looking at its dikes and flood prevention projects...thanks to the drones，researchers at the command center can get first-hand photos and information.”可知，无人机在黄河数字治理中的作用之一是收集堤防状况信息。故选C。]
8．A [标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“And flood control and prevention have always been key to the well-being of the people living along it.Now，scientists can better work on these issues by giving the river a digital twin.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述的是通过给黄河建立数字孪生体来更好地处理防洪问题。故选A。]
Ⅱ.1.C 2.D 3.E 4.B 5.G
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和父亲发生了争吵，认为父亲总是想要控制自己。在提交的思想卡上看到西蒙博士写下的一个问题后，作者开始反思。慢慢地，作者的想法转变了，和父亲的关系也改善了。
1．D [prevent阻止；trouble麻烦；criticize批评；control控制。根据空后的“I wanted to break free”及最后一段中的“Instead of controlling，now I saw him as concerned and caring.”可知，作者觉得父亲总是想控制自己。故选D。]
2．B [detail细节；shout喊叫声；tear眼泪；flame火焰。根据上文“One day，I had a serious quarrel with my father.”可知，作者和父亲发生了争吵，此处指喊叫声。故选B。]
3．C [deep深的；stupid愚蠢的；angry生气的；strange奇怪的。根据“I stormed out of the house”可知，作者很生气。故选C。]
4．A [lecture指责，训斥；overcome克服；suspect怀疑；compete竞争。根据“After all，he hadn’t even finished high school，but here I was a mighty college student！”可知，作者认为父亲没有自己的学历高，不应该对自己的生活和计划说教。故选A。]
5．D [near近的；prior优先的；close亲密的；due到期的。根据“Suddenly，I realized that I didn’t do the assignment”和“The next day，Dr.Simon gave back our cards.”可知，作者意识到还有快到期的任务没有完成。故选D。]
6．B [force强迫；challenge挑战，强烈建议；confuse使困惑；appeal呼吁。根据“us to think deeply by raising all kinds of questions about social issues，political issues，personal issues”可知，西蒙博士总是强烈建议作者和同学们深入思考。故选B。]
7．B [empty空的；desperate非常需要，极想；absent缺席的；curious好奇的。根据“Suddenly，I realized that I didn’t do the assignment that was ________：a thought car.”可知，和父亲发生争吵之后，发现自己的任务还没完成，作者很想写些什么来完成任务。故选B。]
8．A [fight斗争，打架；matter问题；lesson课，教训；fact事实。根据“One day，I had a serious quarrel with my father.”可知，作者满脑子想的都是和父亲吵架。故选A。]
9．D [put away把……收起来；calm down平静下来；sign up注册，报名；hand in上交。根据“The next day，Dr.Simon gave back our cards.”可知，作者写完就上交了思想卡。故选D。]
10．C [turn down调低(音量)，拒绝；turn up调高(音量)，出现；turn over移交，翻转；turn around转身。根据“He put mine on the desk face down.”可知，作者应该是把卡片翻过来看上面的内容。故选C。]
11．A [do做，进行；agree同意；deal处理；leave离开。根据“the rest of his life”可知，西蒙博士询问作者，作为这种父亲的儿子将如何度过余生。和what搭配，表示“处理，度过”，用do with。故选A。]
12．B [joke开玩笑；strick击打；look看；ignore忽视。根据“What does ‘the son of an idiot’ ________ with the rest of his life？”可知，看到西蒙博士写的这句话，作者感觉被打脸了。故选B。]
13．A [please使满意；educate教育；praise赞美；pardon原谅。根据“I blamed them for this or that”可知，作者认为父母一次又一次让自己不满意。故选A。]
14．C [clear清理；struggle努力，挣扎；shift转移，改变；abandon放弃。根据“...my parents didn’t ________ me and I blamed them for this or that，but how long could I get away with blaming them for my life？”以及最后一段可知，作者的想法慢慢转变了。故选C。]
15．D [quarrel争吵；teacher老师；reply回复；question问题。根据倒数第三段中“What does ‘the son of an idiot’ ______ with the rest of his life？”可知，作者认为自己的转变源自西蒙博士的那个问题。故选D。]
Ⅳ.1.greatest 2.to 3.that 4.explaining 5.to receive
6．delivered 7.disadvantages 8.are expected
9．undoubtedly 10.the选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·湖南长沙一模)
Like so many other ABCs (American-born Chinese) and younger first- and second-generation Chinese immigrants(移民)，sisters Sarah and Kaitlin Leung reached a point in their adult lives when they started to ①long for the Chinese food they’d grown up on，but found it really difficult to learn how to prepare it.There was such a “representation gap”，as Sarah ②puts it，in terms of what kinds of cuisines were ③noticeably featured in those early days of TV celebrity chefs and the emerging food blogosphere(博客圈)．
As it turns out，though，the Leungs were uniquely positioned to do something about it.Bill，the father，had spent years cooking beef at his family’s Chinese American takeout restaurant.Judy，the mom，was born and raised in Shanghai and had deep knowledge about traditional Shanghainese cooking.Meanwhile，the two sisters had grown up in the New Jersey suburbs，eating their parents’ food，but also growing in America’s own ④food-obsessed culture.
So，in 2013，the Leungs started The Woks of Life.What distinguished the blog from others was that the intergenerational transfer of knowledge that the Leungs were so eager for was baked right into the concept—The four family members took turns posting recipes，each sharing their own favorites，tapping into their own areas of expert knowledge.
Kaitlin is proud that The Woks of Life follows a long line of pioneers—folks like Joyce Chen，Martin Yan and Ming Tsai，who first started to bring Chinese home cooking into the mainstream in the US.“We feel proud that we have made a meaningful mark over the past decade，casting light that there’s a huge demand for these recipes，” she says.“It’s about representation，yes，but there’s also a huge demand.Asian Americans look to reconnect with the food of their heritage.”
Five years ago，you wouldn’t have been able to find a ton of Chinese recipes in the New York Times food section，Kaitlin notes.Now you can.
1．What do the underlined words “representation gap” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．The shortage of Chinese chefs.
B．The lack of Chinese food recipes.
C．The gap between young and old ABCs.
D．The difference between chefs and bloggers.
2．What is the purpose of paragraph 2
A. To prove how unique the Leung sisters are.
B．To show why the Leungs prefer Chinese food.
C．To point out the Leungs’ advantage to start a food blog.
D．To stress the Leung sisters’ love for home cooking food.
3．What makes The Woks of Life special
A．The concept of baking food.
B．The large number of followers.
C．The bloggers’ way of posting recipes.
D．The intergenerational transfer of knowledge.
4．What is the significance of The Woks of Life
A. It strengthens bonds between individuals.
B．It marks the popularity of Chinese cuisine.
C．It has developed many new Chinese recipes.
D．It links Asian Americans with their food tradition.
语境猜词 ①long for____________________ ②put(熟义：v.放；安置) 生义(文义)：____________________ ③noticeably(派)＝notice＋abl(e)＋y ____________________ ④food-obsessed(合)＝food＋obsess＋ed ____________________
B
(2024·山东菏泽二模)
Science is always seen as hard-core and hard to understand.But could you imagine hundreds of people being attracted by the cover of a science magazine
The achievement was completed after Wang Yixi and his team made the cover of an October issue of Structure，a US-based Cell Press journal.The cover shows a Chinese ink painting that vividly shows the process in which a special enzyme(酶) involved in the biosynthesis(生物合成) of an important organic compound is ①activated—the latest breakthrough by a Chinese scientific research team.Another one of his popular works that ②carries distinctive Chinese elements is a composite image，describing a scientist as the folk goddess Nyuwa，carrying her newly discovered compound to fill a crack in the sky.
While studying chemistry at university，Wang Yixi often came across an experimental preparation process that he had to explain，but the amount of text was too large and abstract.As he had been interested in drawing and related software like Photoshop，he decided to turn his graphics into a fine art.He went on to study 3D graphics software in order to better display the microscopic structures in his field and improve the presentation of his papers.
It didn’t take long before his classmates and professors noticed his talents and asked him to help them with their papers.By word of mouth，more people beat a path to Wang’s door and were willing to pay for his service.Over the past four years，Wang and his team have come up with more than 10,000 visual works for academic papers across a variety of fields，many of which have made their way to the world’s top academic journals，including Nature，Science and Cell.
“Every scientific paper is innovative，and graphics are an essential part of scientific papers，” Wang says，adding that what he tries to achieve is an explanation of models or methods，to showcase experimental results，visually process data or compare differences among experiments.
5．What play a special role in Wang’s works
A．Fairy tales. B．Chinese elements.
C．Rich colors. D．Complex structures.
6．What can we learn about Wang Yixi from paragraph 3
A．He preferred painting to chemistry.
B．He developed useful mapping software.
C．He had an active mind to solve problem.
D．He had trouble conducting his experiment.
7．How does Wang make abstract papers easily understood
A．By visualizing them vividly.
B．By showing them accurately.
C．By explaining them in detail.
D．By constructing them uniquely.
8．Which is the best title for the text
A．The Power of Art B．Dilemmas of Science
C．Mysteries of Chemistry D．Inspiration from Science
语境猜词 ①activate(派)＝activ(e)＋ate ____________________ ②carry(熟义：v.搬；扛；携带) 生义(文义)：____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·1月八省联考)
Join the Friends and find the place that’s right for you
·Who are the Friends of the University Art Museum
Friends are our neighbors from the local communities and beyond.They are families，students，scholars，and alumni(校友)． 1 .Friends are united by a shared love for the arts and for the university，and by a desire to be part of a cultural community.Friends are interested and active in the life of the Art Museum.Friends are art lovers—just like you.
· 2 ？
As a Friend，your membership provides essential annual support to help sustain the continued excellence and diversity of the Museum’s educational programs.By joining the Friends，you help to guarantee that the Museum remains a welcoming place of shared enrichment for all visitors to experience，to enjoy，and to love.
·What benefits do members of the Friends enjoy
3 .When you become a Friend of the University Art Museum，you also become part of a great tradition.Not only will you be actively participating in the life of the Museum，but you also will receive special opportunities to share your love of art with other like-minded individuals. 4 ，and they get invitations to exhibition openings，lectures，travel opportunities，and lively social gatherings.
·How do I join the Friends
Becoming a Friend is easy. 5 ，return it with your annual membership fee in the attached envelope，and begin enjoying your benefits immediately.If you prefer，you may join online at artmuseum.edu/support/become-a-member，or when you visit the Museum Store.
A．Why does membership matter
B．How can I learn about the Friends
C．Simply complete the membership form
D．You can then see the full range of Friends benefits
E．Friends membership is your entry to many opportunities
F．Friends receive a subscription to the Museum’s quarterly magazine
G．Friends are people of all ages，interests，abilities，and cultural backgrounds
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·广东联考)
On March 18,2018，I was alone at home in San José，Costa Rica，drinking a cup of tea，unaware that my life was about to change.I 1 an e-mail with the subject “scholarship selection result”．
My heartbeat 2 as I read through it.I had been chosen to receive a full scholarship for a master’s degree in 3 at the Shanghai Conservatory of Music.Finally，I would be able to 4 the ancient tales of dragons and the old legends(传说) of China，which had always 5 me.
Five months later，I arrived in Shanghai， 6 an entirely new world.At the airport，two of my Costa Rican friends were waiting for me and 7 me to the dormitory.
I remember 8 when I approached the dorm building，I was drawn by the sweet melody(旋律) of a dizi (Chinese flute)，which was totally 9 from all that I used to hear in my country.
In Costa Rica，I learned the ①conducting 10 well.However，it was my Chinese professor，Cao Tongyi，who ②guided me in 11 my skills.Studying in China and immersing(使浸入) myself in its music has been a wonderful 12 ，introducing me to diverse sounds produced by Chinese musical 13 .
My mission is to 14 this amazing musical experience worldwide.I hope to spread the 15 of music far and wide.
1．A.wrote B．received
C．noticed D．sent
2．A.ceased B．continued
C．quickened D．③steadied
3．A.conducting B．composing
C．singing D．dancing
4．A.create B．adapt
C．tell D．explore
5．A.surprised B．confused
C．attracted D．disappointed
6．A.passing through B．stepping into
C．setting up D．carrying on
7．A.limited B．invited
C．accompanied D．adjusted
8．A.clearly B．easily
C．gradually D．finally
9．A.available B．free
C．absent D．different
10．A.concept B．technique
C．material D．history
11．A.improving B．changing
C．evaluating D．describing
12．A.course B．tale
C．legend D．journey
13．A.styles B．works
C．instruments D．talents
14．A.share B．devote
C．gain D．provide
15．A.taste B．joy
C．subject D．form
语境猜词 ①conduct(熟义：v.进行；组织；实施) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②guide(熟义：n.导游；指南) 生义(文义)：____________________ ③steady(转)adj.→v.____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
In the center of Reykjavik，Iceland，stands a museum 1.______________(create) by Lillian Hopps，which ①symbolizes the friendship between Icelandic and Chinese people.A passionate admirer of Chinese heritage，Lillian began her journey to learn about China in the 1990s，a time 2.___________ she deeply engaged herself in exploring China’s rich culture.Her passion transformed her home into a place filled with Chinese artifacts，which 3.______________(eventual) led to the ②establishment of a museum in Reykjavik.
The museum 4.____________________(house) an ③extensive collection of cultural relics，from ancient clothing 5.____________________ contemporary art，displaying thousands of years of Chinese civilization.Lillian’s work goes beyond just 6.____________________(exhibit) these items；she brings the culture alive through highly 7.____________________(interact) activities like tea performances，calligraphy classes，and traditional medicine talks，promoting the Icelandic understanding of China’s rich traditions.
Lillian’s museum，attracting thousands of visitors annually from around the world,8.____________________(recognize) by the Icelandic government in 2021 for its impact.As Marta Jonsdottir，a director at Iceland’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs，put it in an interview，“Lillian，with her enthusiasm and expertise，has developed diverse cultural 9.____________________(link) between Iceland and China.Her museum has not just enabled both peoples to better understand each other 10.____________________ strengthened our relations.”
语境猜词 ①symbolize(派)＝symbol＋ize ____________________ ②establishment(派)＝establish＋ment ____________________ ③extensive(派)＝exten(d)＋sive ____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①渴望 ②v.说；表达 ③adv.显著地；明显地 ④adj.痴迷于食物的
B．①v.激活；使活化 ②v.具有(某种特点)
Ⅲ.①v.指挥 ②v.指导 ③使平稳；使稳定
Ⅳ.①v.象征 ②n.建立 ③adj.大量的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一家美国华人创建了The Woks of Life博客来展示中国菜谱。
1．B [词义猜测题。根据第一段首句可知，很多美籍华人想吃小时候的中式饭菜时不知道如何做，结合画线词组前的such可推知，画线词组是指上文提到的不知道如何做中餐，即没有中餐食谱。故选B。]
2．C [写作意图题。根据第二段中的“As it turns out，though，the Leungs were uniquely positioned to do something about it.”以及本段下文对这家人与中餐有关的经历的叙述可推知，本段的目的是指出为什么梁家有条件创建博客来介绍中餐。故选C。]
3．D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“What distinguished the blog from others was that the intergenerational transfer of knowledge that...”可知，他们的博客与其他博客的不同之处在于烹饪知识的代际传承，他们全家轮流分享食谱。故选D。]
4．D [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“It’s about representation，yes，but there’s also a huge demand.Asian Americans look to reconnect with the food of their heritage.”可知，这个博客让亚裔美国人和他们的饮食传统重新建立起联系。故选D。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了王义西及其团队利用美术生动地展现科学研究的发现。
5．B [细节理解题。根据第二段中“The cover shows a Chinese ink painting that...Another one of his popular works that carries distinctive Chinese elements is a composite image，describing a scientist as the folk goddess Nyuwa”可知，王的两幅知名作品分别将中国水墨画和女娲补天传说与科学相结合，即中国元素在他的作品中扮演了特殊的角色。故选B。]
6．C [推理判断题。根据第三段可知，在大学学习化学时，王义西经常要解释实验的准备过程，但文字量太大，太抽象，后来他决定将科研图像与美术结合起来，以便更好地展示他所在领域的微观结构，并改善他的论文的呈现形式，这说明王有解决问题的积极思维。故选C。]
7．A [细节理解题。根据第三段末句以及最后一段中“adding that what he tries to achieve is an explanation of models or methods，to showcase experimental results，visually process data or compare differences among experiments”可知，王通过生动地使研究数据、模型等信息可视化来使抽象论文易于理解。故选A。]
8．D [标题归纳题。文章主要说明了王义西及其团队利用美术生动地展现科学研究的结果，使抽象的科学论文易于理解。由此可知，D选项“来自科学的灵感”是本文的最佳标题。故选D。]
Ⅱ.1.G 2.A 3.E 4.F 5.C
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者被选中获得上海音乐学院的全额奖学金，前往中国学习音乐，提高了自己的音乐指挥技巧，想要把这段美妙的音乐经历分享给全世界。
1．B [write写；receive收到；notice注意到；send发送。下文“as I read through it”提到作者读邮件，可知此处指收到一封邮件，故选B。]
2．C [cease停止；continue继续；quicken(使)加快，加速；steady(使)平稳。根据下文“I had been chosen to receive a full scholarship for a master’s degree in ________ at the Shanghai Conservatory of Music.”可知，作者被选中获得上海音乐学院的全额奖学金，此处应指作者心情激动，心跳加快。故选C。]
3．A [conduct指挥；compose作曲；sing唱歌；dance舞蹈。根据下文“In Costa Rica，I learned the conducting ________ well.”可知，作者的专业是指挥，故选A。]
4．D [create创造；adapt适应；tell告诉，讲述；explore探索。上文提到作者获得了上海音乐学院的全额奖学金，所以可以到中国探索龙的古代故事和中国的古老传说，故选D。]
5．C [surprise使惊奇，使诧异；confuse使迷惑；attract吸引；disappoint使失望。which指代上文“the ancient tales of dragons and the old legends(传说) of China”，此处应指作者一直被这些传说所吸引。故选C。]
6．B [pass through穿过，经历；step into走进；set up竖立，建造；carry on继续做。结合上文“I arrived in Shanghai”可知，作者来到了上海，踏入一个全新的世界，故选B。]
7．C [limit限制；invite邀请；accompany陪伴；adjust调整。结合上文“two of my Costa Rican friends were waiting for me”可知，朋友在机场接作者，应是陪伴作者去宿舍，故选C。]
8．A [clearly清楚地；easily容易地；gradually逐渐地；finally最后。结合下文“when I approached the dorm building，I was drawn by the sweet melody(旋律) of a dizi (Chinese flute)”描述的细节可知，作者对当时的场景记忆犹新。故选A。]
9．D [available可获得的；free自由的，免费的；absent缺席的；different不同的。结合空前“I was drawn by the sweet melody(旋律) of a dizi (Chinese flute)”以及空后“from all that I used to hear in my country”可推知，作者被吸引是因为中国笛子的旋律和作者在家乡听到的完全不同。故选D。]
10．B [concept概念；technique技巧，技术；material材料，原料；history历史。此处和下文中的“skills”同义，指作者是在哥斯达黎加学会了指挥技巧，故选B。]
11．A [improve提高；change改变；evaluate评价；describe描述。根据上文“my Chinese professor”以及“guided me”可知，应是教授指导作者提高技能，故选A。]
12．D [course课程；tale故事；legend传奇；journey旅程。根据上文“Studying in China and immersing(使浸入) myself in its music”可知，此处指在中国学习并体验中国音乐是一段美妙的旅程，故选D。]
13．C [style风格，样式；work作品；instrument仪器，器具；talent才能，天赋。根据上文“diverse sounds produced by”可知，此处指中国乐器发出的各种声音，故选C。]
14．A [share分享；devote奉献；gain获得；provide提供。结合下文中的“worldwide”和“spread”可知，此处指将这种美妙的音乐体验分享给全世界，故选A。]
15．B [taste味道；joy快乐；subject主题，科目；form表格，形式。根据上文“Studying in China and immersing(使浸入) myself in its music has been a wonderful ________”以及“this amazing musical experience”可知，作者在中国学习音乐是一段美妙的经历，故此处指把音乐的快乐传播到世界各地，故选B。]
Ⅳ.1.created 2.when 3.eventually 4.houses 5.to
6．exhibiting 7.interactive 8.was recognized 9.links
10．but选择性必修第二册 Unit 5 A delicate world
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·福建泉州三模)
Lee Hui Ling was exposed to environmental and social issues at a young age.Born into a family of artists，she was impressed by the environmental subjects of her mother’s art works and thus developed a passion for the environment.“As a child，I would worry about the ozone hole(臭氧层空洞) expanding，rubbish pollution，and animals going extinct.Very serious topics for a little girl！”
After graduating from the Sarah Lawrence College in New York and moving back to Malaysia，Hui Ling’s concerns for the environment grew.She set up a Greenpeace Malaysia online community on various social media platforms.This was instrumental in the eventual setting up of the Malaysian office in 2017.
Hui Ling helped to organise and lead at meet-ups，as well as ①run workshops and training.As an artist and educator，Hui Ling organised participatory art projects in line with Greenpeace Malaysia campaigns on ②deforestation，plastic pollution and ③consumerism.One of them was the Wings of Paradise project，where she led a team of 30 youth volunteers in creating a 64-meter long mural(壁画)，showing the essence of the brightly coloured feathers，crazy dances and fantastic behaviours of birds of paradise(天堂鸟)．The project aimed to remind the public of the constant threat to the wildlife，and inspire people to act to protect it.
“Environmental activism has taught me that doing good is not a sprint，but a marathon，and we need to make ourselves tougher and stronger to keep going through the difficult times，” Hui Ling said.“There is a ray of hope in the youth activism of the last few years.The youth of today are well organised and passionate in expressing their desire for positive change and a green and sustainable future for all.”
1．What do we know about Lee Hui Ling
A. She grew up in a family of educators.
B．She joined Greenpeace out of curiosity.
C．She studied environmental science in college.
D．She was environmentally aware since childhood.
2．What is “Wings of Paradise” intended for
A. Beautifying local city streets.
B．Furthering research on the local wildlife.
C．Preserving the beauty of birds of paradise.
D．Training young artists of bird paintings.
3．What is Hui Ling’s opinion on environmental activism
A. It is a long-term commitment.
B．It lacks involvement from the youth.
C．It is a reflection of social well-being.
D．It allows free expressions about future.
4．What can be the best title for the text
A．Journey to the Wild
B．Art for Change
C．The Founding of Greenpeace Malaysia
D．A Green and Sustainable Future
语境猜词 ①run(熟义：v.跑；奔跑) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②deforestation(派)＝de＋forest＋ation ____________________ ③consumerism(派)＝consumer＋ism ____________________
B
(2024·湖南长沙一模)
We are ①unavoidably linked to the ocean.Collectively，it covers about 71% of our world and is instrumental in the processes that keep us alive.While the rainforests may be referred to as “the lungs of the planet”，scientists say it’s actually the ocean that provides 50%－80% of the oxygen we breathe.Besides，through a “conveyor belt” action，it helps regulate Earth’s climate by transporting heat away from the equator，towards the poles to cool.The ocean also proves itself essential in the fight against climate change too.It absorbs 50 times more carbon dioxide than our atmosphere—or rather，it’s not the ocean itself but what lives in it.And perhaps one of the most incredible forms is the humble seagrass.
Across the globe，there are more than 70 species of seagrass，growing in shallow and ②sheltered coastal areas and covering 300,000 square kilometres，which absorbs 10% of the ocean’s carbon each year and captures carbon up to 35 times faster than tropical rainforests.Seagrass builds its leaves and roots using carbon，which it extracts from water through the process of photosynthesis(光合作用)—and it holds on to it，even after death.Dead plant material decomposes(分解) slowly on the ocean floor，and this means that the carbon stored within is eventually buried under the seabed.
Significant as it is，seagrass is critically endangered.According to the U．N.Environment Programme，a seagrass area the size of a football pitch is destroyed every 30 minutes around the world.Fortunately，restoration missions are already ③underway，in places as far afield as Kenya，Mozambique，and the UK.But rising temperatures remain a ④twofold threat：an increase in storms that tear the shallow-rooted seagrass from its beds，and rising sea-levels that block out the sunlight.
However，seagrass is known to adapt to survive—and gene sequencing of the Zostera marina seagrass has shown it has done so on three separate occasions already.Could it be one of Earth’s great survivors that will save us all Only time will tell.
5．How does the seagrass help regulate Earth’s climate
A. It blocks out the sunlight.
B．It absorbs carbon dioxide.
C．It provides most of the oxygen.
D．It transports heat towards the poles.
6．What does the underlined word “extracts” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Obtains. B．Replaces.
C．Consumes. D．Delivers.
7．What can be inferred about the seagrass from the last two paragraphs
A. It is no longer endangered after restoration.
B．It has saved the planet from climate change.
C．It hasn’t been affected by rising temperatures.
D．It is able to adapt to changes in its environment.
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. The Fantastic World of Seagrass
B．The Uncertain Future of the Ocean
C．Seagrass：the Ocean’s Unsung Hero
D．The Battle to Save Seagrass from Extinction
语境猜词 ①unavoidably(派)＝un＋avoid＋abl(e)＋y ____________________ ②sheltered(派)＝shelter＋ed ____________________ ③underway(合)＝under＋way ____________________ ④twofold(合)＝two＋fold ____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Are worms the heroes we didn’t know we needed Silent，slimy and wriggling(扭动)，you might think that worms are good for nothing except bait(诱饵) on the end of a fishing pole. 1
The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that no other animal has “played such an important part in the history of the world as these lowly organised creatures”．They have lived on Earth for 600 million years and have even survived five mass extinctions. 2
Earthworms literally move the earth，and this is why farmers love them.As they travel，they aerate(使透气) the soil by loosening，mixing and oxygenating it. 3 They are effectively a small but very efficient plough(犁)．But it’s not just earthworms that deserve praise.
In 2022，a group of scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre for Biological Research isolated enzymes(酶) found in wax worm saliva(唾液) which are plastic-eating. 4 It’s hoped that by producing these enzymes on an ①industry-level scale，we will have a more environmentally friendly way to reduce plastic pollution.
5 Bloodworms are small sea creatures which press themselves into the mud of the ocean floor.Scientists at the University of California，Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws，which are made up of 10% copper proteins(铜蛋白) and are so strong that they last the worm’s entire five-year ②lifespan.Because of this research，engineers may start using the jaws as inspiration for the design and manufacture of materials like concrete.
So，next time you see a worm，show it a little respect.They really are changing the world!
A．So，what do worms do that is so great
B．Worms have a lifespan of a few months.
C．And worms are even inspiring the building industry.
D．It increases the ground’s capacity to hold and empty water.
E．However，there is more to the humble worm than meets the eye.
F．Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year.
G．These can break down a very common plastic that normally breaks down over many years.
语境猜词 ①industry-level(合)＝industry＋level ____________________ ②lifespan(合)＝life＋span ____________________
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·广东广州质检)
I was heading home after giving my colleague a lift.I took a 1 as the snowstorm was approaching.
Then the snow started and was coming down 2 .Within minutes I was in a white-out.The windows were 3 and getting covered with snow，so I slowed down and rolled down my driver’s side window，thinking I could better 4 the road edge and keep to a straight line.But really，I had no 5 where I was.I stopped and kept the car running to stay 6 .I called 911.The operator told me to ①wait things out for the night.
The call left me in 7 .Breathe，I told myself.An idea occurred to me.I 8 my location online and explained what I was 9 ，wishing for anyone to come to my rescue.Soon enough，people started chiming in on my post.I got a 10 from someone who was going to put me in touch with people nearby.I had never been more 11 .
Then I saw a big 12 in the dark.He had walked about 500 metres to ②get me， 13 the wind and snow each step of the way.“You’ll be OK.Follow me.” He turned around and started to trudge through the snow，sure of the 14 .I drove slowly behind him.When we reached his house，I burst into tears of 15 .
1．A.shortcut B．turn
C．look D．risk
2．A.soon B．fast
C．lightly D．suddenly
3．A.locked B．closed
C．frozen D．broken
4．A.follow B．cover
C．mark D．remember
5．A.plan B．clue
C．doubt D．problem
6．A.awake B．calm
C．warm D．still
7．A.confusion B．trouble
C．embarrassment D．panic
8．A.confirmed B．found
C．posted D．checked
9．A.looking at B．going through
C．searching for D．carrying out
10．A.tip B．view
C．like D．message
11．A.inspired B．relieved
C．convinced D．amazed
12．A.policeman B．creature
C．shadow D．figure
13．A.fighting B．avoiding
C．checking D．reporting
14．A.goal B．danger
C．depth D．direction
15．A.hope B．love
C．gratitude D．pride
语境猜词 ①wait things out____________________ ②get(熟义：v.得到) 生义(文义)：____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·湖南岳阳一模)
Researchers have been applying artificial intelligence (AI) to monitor biodiversity and enhance efforts to protect some species from 1.________________________(threaten)．Unlike conventional methods，AI has the capacity 2.____________________(analyze) massive amounts of data effectively.
Species are disappearing 3.____________________ a rate much faster than that millions of years ago，with up to one million species on the edge of 4.____________________(extinct)．In response，the United Nations set a goal in 2020 to ①safeguard at least 30%of Earth’s land and oceans.“AI is imperfect 5.____________________ could promote important discoveries，” says Nicolas Miailhe，Paris-based founder of the Future Society，an international non-profit organization 6.____________________ aims to ②better govern AI.“We badly need human ③practitioners to design models and interpret data.”
Besides monitoring biodiversity in real time，AI can also be used to ④model the impacts of human activities on an ecosystem.Although it 7.____________________(document) that human activities have resulted in biodiversity loss，little is known about which environmental factors have 8.____________________(large) impact.
“Long-term statistics will play 9.____________________ essential role in connecting changes in biodiversity with environmental changes，” says Luisa Orsini，who 10.____________________(study) evolutionary bio-systems at the University of Birmingham，UK.
语境猜词 ①safeguard(合)＝safe＋guard ____________________ ②better(熟义：adj.较好的，更好的) 生义(文义)：____________________ ③practitioner(派)＝pract＋ition＋er ____________________ ④model(熟义：n.模型；模式) 生义(文义)：____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①vt.经营；运行 ②n.滥伐森林 ③n.消费主义
B．①adv.不可避免地 ②adj.有遮蔽物的 ③adj.在进行中的
④adj.双重的
Ⅱ.①adj.工业层面的 ②n.寿命；使用期，有效期
Ⅲ.①等待(令人不快的)事情结束 ②v.接
Ⅳ.①v.保护，捍卫 ②v.改善，改进 ③n.从业人员，执业者 ④v.使仿效，使模仿
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了李慧玲受家人影响自小关注环境问题，后来创立绿色和平组织马来西亚分部，通过环保艺术项目推进环保行动。
1．D [细节理解题。根据第一段的“Lee Hui Ling was exposed to environmental and social issues at a young age.Born into a family of artists，she was impressed by the environmental subjects of her mother’s art works and thus developed a passion for the environment.”可知，李慧玲自小就接触环境和社会问题，她母亲的作品中的环保主题给她留下了深刻印象，因此她自小就有环保意识。故选D。]
2．C [细节理解题。根据第三段的“One of them was the Wings of Paradise project...The project aimed to remind the public of the constant threat to the wildlife，and inspire people to act to protect it.”可知，“Wings of Paradise”项目旨在提醒公众天堂鸟面临的持续威胁，并激励人们采取行动保护它们，即保护天堂鸟的美。故选C。]
3．A [观点态度题。最后一段的“Environmental activism has taught me that doing good is not a sprint，but a marathon，and we need to make ourselves tougher and stronger to keep going through the difficult times”直接表明了她的观点：环保行动就像马拉松，是需要坚持的，是一项长期的事业。故选A。]
4．B [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了李慧玲如何从一个自小有环境意识的孩子成长为一名通过艺术推动环保活动的社会活动家，特别是通过“Wings of Paradise”这样的艺术项目来引起公众对环境问题的关注并激发变革。故选B。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了海草的重要性——能够通过吸收碳来帮助调节气候。
5．B [细节理解题。根据第一段中“The ocean also proves itself essential in the fight against climate change too.It absorbs 50 times more carbon dioxide than our atmosphere—or rather，it’s not the ocean itself but what lives in it.And perhaps one of the most incredible forms is the humble seagrass.”可知，海草能够通过吸收二氧化碳来帮助调节气候，故选B。]
6．A [词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Seagrass builds its leaves and roots using carbon，which it extracts from water through the process of photosynthesis(光合作用)—and it holds on to it，even after death.”可知，海草通过光合作用从水中提取碳来使叶子和根生长，即使在死后也会保留碳。故“extract”意为“提取，获得”，故选A。]
7．D [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However，seagrass is known to adapt to survive...it has done so on three separate occasions already.”可推测，海草具备适应周边环境的变化以求生存的能力，故选D。]
8．C [标题归纳题。根据全文可知，本文的主体对象是海草，作为海洋生态系统的一部分，它能够吸收大量的碳，有助于减缓气候变化，结合文章结尾处“Could it be one of Earth’s great survivors that will save us all Only time will tell.”可知，C选项“海草：海洋的无名英雄”最适合作文章标题。故选C。]
Ⅱ.1.E 2.A 3.D 4.G 5.C
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一场突如其来的暴风雪中迷路并被困在车中，随后通过社交媒体发出求救信号，最终得到一位陌生人的救援，并被引领至安全之地的经历。
1．A [shortcut近路。根据下文“as the snowstorm was approaching”及“But really，I had no ________ where I was.”可知，由于暴风雪即将来临，作者走了一条近路，结果遇到了麻烦。故选A。]
2．B [根据下文“Within minutes I was in a white-out.”可知，雪下得很快，故选B。]
3．C [根据下文“getting covered with snow”可知，此处说的是在暴风雪中车窗被冻住了，故选C。]
4．A [根据下文“the road edge and keep to a straight line”可知，此处说的是作者沿着路边行驶以保持直行，故选A。]
5．B [根据下文“I stopped and kept the car running”以及“I called 911.”可知，作者因暴风雪而迷路了，不知道自己在哪里，故选B。]
6．C [still静止的。根据上文“I stopped and kept the car running”可知，作者停下来但保持汽车运转(开着空调)。由此可知，作者试图通过保持汽车运转的方式保暖，故选C。]
7．D [根据上文“I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night.”可知，作者向911求救，却被告知要等一晚上，因此感到惊慌失措，故选D。]
8．C [根据下文“Soon enough，people started chiming in on my post.”可知，作者在网上发布了自己的位置，故选C。]
9．B [go through经历，遭遇；search for查找；carry out执行。根据下文“wishing for anyone to come to my rescue”可知，作者讲述的是自己正遭遇的事情，故选B。]
10．D [tip建议，小费。根据下文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，作者收到了一条消息，故选D。]
11．B [根据上文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby”可知，在困境中有陌生人试图帮助作者，这让作者感到如释重负，故选B。]
12．D [根据下文“in the dark.He had walked about 500 metres to get me”可知，此处说的是一个身形高大的人，故选D。]
13．A [根据上文“Then the snow started and was coming down ________.Within minutes I was in a white-out.”可知，帮助作者的人顶着暴风雪前来，分析各选项，A项“fighting(与……作斗争)”表达的含义符合语境，故选A。]
14．D [根据上文“Follow me.”可知，前来帮忙的人知道方向，故选D。]
15．C [gratitude感激。根据上文“But really，I had no ______ where I was.”以及“When we reached his house”可知，作者在暴风雪中迷路，被陌生人帮助。由此可知，作者心怀感激，故选C。]
Ⅳ.1.being threatened 2.to analyze 3.at 4.extinction
5．but 6.which/that 7.is documented 8.the largest
9．an 10.studies选择性必修第二册 Unit 6 Survival
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
The taste of champagne as we know it could change beyond recognition in the coming years.As global temperatures continue to rise，the climate crisis poses a threat to the production of wine.
The supply of Chardonnay，Pinot Noir and Pinot Meunier，among other popular ①wine-making grapes，is at risk.By 2050，about 85% of the lands on which good wine grapes are grown will no longer produce suitable wine grapes.
Grapes are susceptible to even the most subtle changes in weather.“Wine is kind of the canary(金丝雀) in the coal mine for climate change impacts on agriculture because so much of the character of wine is tied to the local climate，” said Benjamin Cook，a climate scientist.He published a paper in 2020 on how grape variety can resist climate change.
He adds that scientists are “seeing pretty much all plants，including wine grapevines，start their lifecycle in the growing season earlier，and often finish up earlier.You basically ripen your fruit earlier and typically you harvest earlier.” In the Champagne region of France，these changes can alter the distinctive personalities of grapes grown there.“If it ②matures too quickly，the ratio of acidity and sugar might be different，” Cook said.
A grape’s qualities are dependent on its environment.With a warming planet，it’s harder to produce grapes that make champagne taste sweeter and boozier(酒精浓度高的)．For instance，in a Chardonnay grape，what you’re looking for in a cooler climate is generally an apple taste，whereas in a warmer climate the warmth can change the grape’s qualities to be more like a tropical fruit，or even banana-like.
Farmers and winemakers are picking good places to grow grapes，like Belgium and Sweden，which benefit from warmer weather.This helps with making wine in changing climates.
The ③downside for those Swedish winemakers If those champagne grapes aren’t grown in the Champagne region of France，you can’t call it champagne，which is a protected designation of origin.
1．How does the climate change threaten the production of wine
A. By increasing the diversity of grapes.
B．By increasing the cost of wine making.
C．By intensifying the competition between winemakers.
D．By reducing the production of suitable wine-making grapes.
2．What does the underlined word “susceptible” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Sensitive. B．Resistant.
C．Adaptable. D．Tolerant.
3．What can we learn from the text
A. The lifecycle of wine grapevines is becoming longer.
B．A Chardonnay grape may taste like banana in cooler climate.
C．Grapes’ ratio of acidity and sugar influences champagne’s taste.
D．Wine making in Sweden faces the same challenge as that in France.
4．Which can be the best title of the text
A. Will Champagne Become Sweeter
B．Why Is Champagne Called Champagne
C．Could Champagne Soon Stop Producing Champagne
D．What Impact Does Climate Change Have on Agriculture
语境猜词 ①wine-making(合)＝wine＋making ____________________ ②mature(转)adj.→v.____________________ ③downside(合)＝down＋side ____________________
B
Saving Us：A Climate Scientist’s Case for Hope and Healing in a Divided World is one of the most important books about climate change to have been written.Hayhoe is a gifted public speaker and Saving Us is a follow-up to her awesome TED talk in 2018，“The most important thing you can do to fight climate change：talk about it”．
One of the many refreshing aspects of this book is that Hayhoe recounts both her successes and her failures to communicate，through which she has gathered evidence about what ①works and what does not.Much of the book’s advice is common sense，all ②backed up not just by Hayhoe’s experience but also with convincing research by psychologists and social scientists.
Hayhoe advises against trying to engage with a small minority，the “Dismissives”，who “angrily reject the idea that human-caused climate change is a threat and are most receptive to misinformation and conspiracy theories(阴谋论)”．There is a warning that offering up more facts about climate change can actually increase polarisation(两极化) among them.
The book includes amusing examples of her encounters with the “Dismissives”，almost entirely older men—including an engineer who was unconvinced about the evidence but with whom she was able to establish mutual(相互的) respect through a shared passion for knitting(编织)—and is packed with inspiring accounts of how she has won over even the most suspicious of crowds.Her motto is “bond，connect and inspire”，which represents her approach of always looking for points of commonality.
She also tells of a man who approached her after an event in London in 2019.He had been so inspired by her TED talk that he had started to speak to everybody he could meet in his neighborhood of Wandsworth.He shared with her data from 12,000 discussions that influenced the government to focus on climate change and shift to green energy.
And so，while it may feel difficult to influence the outcome of the COP26，Hayhoe’s uplifting book makes a persuasive case that we can all do our bit to bring about success just by talking about the issue.
5．What does the book written by Hayhoe mainly focus on
A. Promoting people’s insight into climate change.
B．Introducing presentation skills with TED talks.
C．Developing critical thinking through literature.
D．Sharing communication tips on climate change.
6．Which of the following can best describe the advice in the book
A．Humorous but one-sided.
B．Novel and interesting.
C．Well-based and workable.
D．Serious and hard to follow.
7．How did Hayhoe win over the “Dismissives”？
A. By changing their political identity.
B．By challenging their fundamental beliefs.
C．By seeking common ground built on a shared interest.
D．By providing more facts about climate change.
8．What does the author intend to say by telling the story in paragraph 5
A. The shift to clean energy is unstoppable.
B．Conversations can influence climate decision-making.
C．Policymakers turn a blind eye to market changes.
D．We should call on people to prepare for the climate crisis.
语境猜词 ①work(熟义：v.工作) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②back up____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·山东临沂模拟预测)
Mark Covington，founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit，stands in a corner of his urban farm，breathing the fresh air in the early morning. 1 Early in the day，the green crops giving life to tomatoes，cabbages，eggplants and more are bathed in gold，as if being ①watered by the sun.The sounds of dogs，roosters，and a group of stirring bees drown out the sounds of the city.
In 2007，Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street. 2 “It was dirty，” he said.“There were always vacant ②lots，but they had always been maintained for children to play on.” He knew that if he just cleaned them up，people would pile on them again. 3
Covington started with a small community garden. 4 One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food，stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives.Little by little the seeds took root，as the hands on the garden that would evolve into a farm ③multiplied.
5 On one corner：a movie screen and a public garden with vegetables and flower beds.On another：a farm and a community center in a building.Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse.“It’s somewhat spiritual for me，” Covington says.“It’s like a harbor.People come here and don’t want to leave.”
A．But if he planted stuff，they might not.
B．It’s a typical morning scene at the collective.
C．He saw garbage piled high in vacant，abandoned lots.
D．Covington made the garden a little bigger to plant more.
E．And almost immediately neighbors began asking to participate.
F．He planted a garden to help feed residents and enrich their lives.
G．What began as an effort to remove trash has turned into a site of community.
语境猜词 ①water(转)n.→v.____________________ ②lot(熟义：pron.许多) 生义(文义)：____________________ ③multiply(熟义：v.乘) 生义(文义)：____________________
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
Alexander Graham Bell hated spending summertime in Washington，DC.He usually 1 to his farm in Nova Scotia，but one year he had to stay in the capital.“Why humans have 2 how to ①warm a house but not how to cool one—until now，” he wondered，and in 1872，he 3 a ②cold-air-producing device and brought the temperature in his room down to 21℃.
When 69-year-old Bell told that 4 in a speech to the 1917 graduating class of McKinley Manual Training School，the students went 5 .The clapping lasted so long that he was 6 to say something more surprising.
“Could postage stamps be used in 7 of persons？” asked Bell，who had thought of 8 a low price for public transport，but the cost of building additional roads was too high.“Perhaps，the flying machine will be the 9 .”
In the speech，Bell also 10 on a century of progress and looked ahead with remarkable ③foresight.In the reflection，he was amazed by the 11 made in the past century：Gas lighting had evolved into electric bulbs and automobiles 12 horse-drawn vehicles.He then went on to 13 the commercial airplane，solar panels，and the 14 for renewable resources.
Gilbert Grosvenor，the editor of National Geographic magazine，asked for the 15 and published a revised version in the February issue.Now，more than one hundred years later，Bell’s predictions still remain prescient(预见性的)．
1．A.wandered B．escaped
C．flew D．applied
2．A.agreed on B．insisted on
C．figured out D．ruled out
3．A.designed B．bought
C．saw D．borrowed
4．A.accident B．loss
C．problem D．story
5．A.wild B．hungry
C．disappointed D．silent
6．A.allowed B．forced
C．paid D．chosen
7．A.favor B．memory
C．transportation D．case
8．A.cutting B．raising
C．avoiding D．charging
9．A.pollution B．solution
C．discovery D．issue
10．A.relied B．switched
C．reflected D．called
11．A.profits B．advances
C．materials D．failures
12．A.replaced B．destroyed
C．attacked D．missed
13．A.sell B．rent
C．invent D．predict
14．A.deadline B．competition
C．need D．balance
15．A.text B．book
C．contract D．interview
语境猜词 ①warm(转)adj.→v.____________________ ②cold-air-producing(合＋派)＝cold＋air＋produc(e)＋ing ____________________ ③foresight(派)＝fore＋sight ____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·陕西咸阳二模)
Chinese achievements in pollution control，ecological recovery and protection，and green development China 1.____________________(make) in the past decade were highlighted at a Friday press briefing，2.____________________ a senior official pointed out China’s 3.____________________(participate) and leadership in global climate governance.
According to the press briefing，China has been the 4.________________(fast) in improving air quality and the PM 2.5 level in cities at the prefecture level and above dropped by 34.8 percent from that of 2015.Days with good air quality reached 87.5 percent.
Pollution of water bodies and the soil is also 5.____________________(effective) tackled.Ecological systems 6.____________________(protect) and restored.National parks are set and more than 300 endangered animal and plant species ①saw their wild populations recover，marking achievements in protecting ecological diversity.
The country has taken 7.____________________ active part in cooperation on climate change.It has done its best to help other developing countries to improve their climate response capacity 8.____________________(reduce) the harmful impacts of climate change.It also has distributed over 1.2 billion yuan on climate change and trained about 2,000 officials and experts in the field of climate change 9.____________________ more than 120 developing countries.
10．____________________(②head) forward，China will work with all parties to actively participate in the global governance of climate change.
语境猜词 ①see(熟义：v.看见) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②head(转)n.→v.____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①adj.酿造葡萄酒的 ②成熟；长成 ③n.不利方面；缺点
B．①v.奏效 ②支持；证实
Ⅱ.①给……浇水；灌溉 ②n.一块地；场地 ③v.迅速增加
Ⅲ.①使……温暖 ②adj.产生冷气的 ③n.远见，先见之明
Ⅳ.①v.见证 ②朝(某方向)行进
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了全球气候变化对葡萄酒产业，特别是香槟酒生产的影响。
1．D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By 2050，about 85% of the lands on which good wine grapes are grown will no longer produce suitable wine grapes.”可知，到2050年，大约85%的原本种植优质酿酒葡萄的土地将不再能产出适合酿酒的葡萄。因此，气候变化会导致适合酿酒的葡萄的产量减少，从而威胁到葡萄酒的生产。故选D。]
2．A [词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Wine is kind of the canary(金丝雀) in the coal mine for climate change impacts on agriculture because so much of the character of wine is tied to the local climate”可知，气候学家认为对于气候变化的影响，葡萄酒就像煤矿里的金丝雀，因为其特性与气候密切相关。由此可推测，葡萄容易受到气候的影响，也就是说葡萄对于气候的变化很敏感。故选A。]
3．C [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“If it matures too quickly，the ratio of acidity and sugar might be different”和第五段中的“With a warming planet，it’s harder to produce grapes that make champagne taste sweeter and boozier(酒精浓度高的)．”可推知，葡萄的酸度和甜度的比例会影响香槟酒的味道。故选C。]
4．C [标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据第一段中的“As global temperatures continue to rise，the climate crisis poses a threat to the production of wine.”和最后一段中的“If those champagne grapes aren’t grown in the Champagne region of France，you can’t call it champagne...”可知，文章主要讨论的是气候变化对葡萄酒的生产构成威胁，尤其是导致葡萄产地发生转移，而新产区种植的葡萄所酿的酒不能被称为香槟酒，所以C项“香槟区会很快停止生产香槟酒吗？”最适合作标题，故选C。]
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由气候科学家Hayhoe撰写的《拯救我们：一位气候科学家在分裂的世界中寻求希望与治愈的案例》一书。这本书传达了一个积极的信息：通过谈论气候变化，每个人都可以为促成变革做出贡献。
5．D [细节理解题。根据第一段“Saving Us：A Climate Scientist’s Case for Hope and Healing in a Divided World is one of the most important books about climate change...”和第二段中的“One of the many refreshing aspects of this book is that Hayhoe recounts both her successes and her failures to communicate，through which...”可知，Hayhoe写的这本书主要分享了有关气候变化的沟通建议。故选D。]
6．C [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Much of the book’s advice is common sense，all backed up not just by Hayhoe’s experience but also with convincing research by psychologists and social scientists.”可知，书中的建议既有真实经历作为支撑，又经过专业研究的证实，由此可知，这本书中的建议是有良好的基础而且可行的。故选C。]
7．C [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The book includes amusing examples...including an engineer who was unconvinced about the evidence but with whom she was able to establish mutual(相互的) respect through a shared passion for knitting(编织)．..”可知，Hayhoe通过在共同爱好的基础上寻求共同点来说服“轻视者”。故选C。]
8．B [推理判断题。根据第五段内容以及最后一段中的“Hayhoe’s uplifting book makes a persuasive case that we can all do our bit to bring about success just by talking about the issue”可推知，作者通过第五段的故事想要表明对话可以影响气候决策。故选B。]
Ⅱ.1.B 2.C 3.A 4.E 5.G
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了1917年贝尔在演讲中分享了对未来技术的预见，包括商业飞机和太阳能板等。贝尔的思考体现了他对人类生存、社会发展与环境之间关系的深刻洞察。
1．B [wander漫游；escape逃跑；fly飞；apply应用。由下文“but one year he had to stay in the capital”中的but可知，前后是转折关系，此处指他通常会逃到新斯科舍省的农场过夏天，但是有一年他不得不留在首都。故选B。]
2．C [agree on同意；insist on坚持；figure out弄明白；rule out排除。由下文“brought the temperature in his room down to 21℃”可知，此处指当时人类已经弄明白了如何给房子取暖却不知道如何让房子降温。故选C。]
3．A [design设计；buy买；see看见；borrow借。由下文“a cold-air-producing device and brought the temperature in his room down to 21℃”并结合上文“but not how to cool one—until now”可知，此前没有这种降温方式，所以此处指他设计了一种冷空气产生装置，将房间的温度降至 21℃。故选A。]
4．D [accident事故；loss损失；problem问题；story故事。由上文“but one year...”和“and in 1872...”可知，此处指Bell给学生们讲述了自己设计冷空气产生装置，将房间的温度降至 21℃的故事。故选D。]
5．A [wild感情强烈的(尤指生气、高兴或激动)；hungry饥饿的；disappointed失望的；silent沉默的。由下文“The clapping lasted so long”可知，学生们给他的掌声持续了很久，这说明学生们很兴奋，go wild意为“欣喜若狂；兴奋不已”。故选A。]
6．B [allow允许；force迫使；pay支付；choose选择。由上文“The clapping lasted so long that he”可知，学生太热情了，这迫使他接着说一些更令人惊讶的事情。故选B。]
7．C [favor偏爱；memory记忆；transportation运输；case案件。由下文“public transport”可推知，此处指贝尔问邮票是否能用于人员运输。故选C。]
8．D [cut切；raise提高；avoid避免；charge收费。由下文“a low price for public transport”可知，此处指公共交通的收费。故选D。]
9．B [pollution污染；solution解决方法；discovery发现；issue问题。上文提到修建额外道路的成本太高这一问题，结合常识可知，飞行器可能是交通问题的解决方案。故选B。]
10．C [rely (on)依靠，信任；switch (on)打开；reflect (on)回忆，回顾；call (on)拜访，号召。由下文“In the reflection”可知，他还回顾了一个世纪的进步。故选C。]
11．B [profit利润；advance进步；material材料；failure失败的人或事。由上文“on a century of progress”可知，他回顾了过去一个世纪的进步，对这些进步感到惊讶。故选B。]
12．A [replace代替；destroy毁坏；attack攻击；miss错过。由下文“horse-drawn vehicles”和常识可知，随着科技的进步，汽车取代了马车。故选A。]
13．D [sell卖；rent租用；invent发明；predict预测。由上文“and looked ahead with remarkable foresight”和下文“Now，more than one hundred years later，Bell’s predictions still remain prescient(预见性的)．”可知，此处指的是他还预测了未来。故选D。]
14．C [deadline截止日期；competition竞赛；need需求；balance平衡。由下文“for renewable resources”和常识可知，此处指他预见到将来人们对可再生资源是有需求的。故选C。]
15．A [text文本；book书；contract合同；interview采访，面试。根据第二段中“When 69-year-old Bell told that ______ in a speech to the 1917 graduating class”以及下文“and published a revised version in the February issue”可知，此处指索要贝尔的1917年演讲的文本并将其发表。故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.has made 2.where 3.participation 4.fastest 5.effectively 6.are protected 7.an 8.to reduce 9.for 10.Heading
