选择性必修第三册 Unit 1 Face values
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·河北模拟预测)
Myopia，also known as nearsightedness，has become a lot more common in recent decades.Some even consider myopia an epidemic(流行病)．But what causes myopia and what reduces it
While having two myopic parents does mean you’re more likely to be nearsighted，there’s no single myopia gene.That means the causes of myopia are more behavioral than genetic.
Scientists have learned a great deal about the ①progression of myopia by studying visual development in baby chickens.They do so by putting little hats on baby chickens.Lenses(镜片) on the face of the hats cover the chicks’ eyes and are adjusted to affect how much they see.
Just like in humans，if visual ②input is wrong，a chick’s eyes grow too large，resulting in myopia.And it’s progressive.Blur(模糊) leads to eye growth，which causes more blur，which makes the eye grow even larger，and so on.
Two recent studies featuring ③extensive surveys of children and their parents provide strong support for the idea that an important driver of the increase in myopia is that people are spending more time focusing on objects immediately in front of our eyes，whether a screen，a book or a drawing pad.
Other research has shown that this unnatural eye growth can be interrupted by sunlight.A 2022 study，for example，found that myopia rates were more than four times greater for children who didn’t spend much time outdoors—say，once or twice a week—compared with those who were outside daily.At the same time，kids who spent more than three hours a day while not at school reading or looking at a screen close-up were four times more likely to have myopia than those who spent an hour or less doing so.
Fortunately，just a few minutes a day with glasses that correct blur stops the progression of myopia，which is why early vision testing and vision correction are important to limit the development of myopia.
1．What can we learn from the study on baby chickens
A. Myopia in chicks is not progressive.
B．Myopia is mainly caused by genetic factors.
C．Visual input affects the growth of a chick’s eyes.
D．Lenses can prevent chicks from developing myopia.
2．What might be the main cause of myopia according to the text
A. Absence of enough sleeping hours.
B．Too much screen time.
C．Poor and unbalanced diet.
D．Lack of high-intense activities.
3．What’s the main idea of paragraph 6
A. Outdoor light helps prevent myopia.
B．Reading is the direct cause of myopia.
C．Researchers have found a cure for myopia.
D．Children should play outdoors twice a week at least.
4．What is the author’s attitude towards early vision testing
A．Unclear. B．Approving.
C．Doubtful. D．Dismissive.
语境猜词 ①progression(派)＝progress＋ion ____________________ ②input(合)＝in＋put ____________________ ③extensive(派)＝exten(d)＋sive ____________________
B
In an increasingly fast-paced world that rewards immediacy，urgency culture makes it hard to tell what is truly important and what is not.At work，this could involve handling frequent last-minute requests，unrealistic deadlines，and the expectation to be ①reachable even after hours.In personal life，behaviour patterns of urgency culture include overextending in relationships，frequently checking social media ②updates out of fear of missing out，and responding immediately to calls and texts，even when it’s ③inconvenient.
The constant rush to be “always on” professionally and personally can create stress.Being part of the “always on” culture often involves multitasking.However，research shows every time we multitask，it actually slows the brain down and may reduce productivity by up to 40 percent.Meanwhile，constant overstimulation—a significant contributor to urgency culture—will debilitate your dopamine(多巴胺) system.In short，the more overstimulated you are，the less joy you can feel.Over time，urgency culture can also be harmful to physical health.A false sense of urgency tricks the body into reacting as if it’s in a threatening situation，activating the “fight-or-flight” response.Your breathing becomes faster，your blood pressure and heart rate go up，and you lose the ability to regulate emotions，and an overactive fight-or-flight response contributes to high blood pressure，poor quality of sleep and eating disorders.
To avoid the urgency trap，experts recommend pausing for a few moments before leaping into action every time something comes up.It allows you to step back and assess whether this demand for your attention is in line with your priorities.Setting clear expectations in personal and professional relationships can also help plan，prioritize and problem-solve without causing false urgency.The best thing you can do to deal with urgency culture is to regularly engage in activities that remind you there is no rush.
5．Which of the following can be described as “urgency culture” according to paragraph 1
A．Focusing on important matters.
B．Finishing work before deadline.
C．Giving everything high priority.
D．Maintaining useful relationships.
6．How does multitasking influence people according to the author
A. It contributes to their work efficiency.
B．They may feel under constant pressure.
C．It helps to slow down their working pace.
D．Their sense of achievement will decrease.
7．What does the underlined word “debilitate” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Weaken. B．Balance.
C．Activate. D．Divide.
8．Which of the following can be the best title of the text
A. The Power of Rush：the Secret to Modern Success
B．Stay Well-connected：the New Path to Personal Productivity
C．No Pressure，No Growth：Boosting Yourself in Urgency Culture
D．More Haste，Less Speed：Breaking Free from the “Always-on” Trap
语境猜词 ①reachable(派)＝reach＋able ____________________ ②update(熟义：v.更新) 生义(文义)：____________________ ③inconvenient(派)＝in＋convenient ____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·浙江宁波十校二模)
Do you have ①sweaty palms when you are sitting in the exam hall Do worrying thoughts keep you awake at night You may have experienced one of these on certain occasions. 1 Here are three simple “first-aid” techniques that could make a difference.
Sit at your bed.
Do you jump out of bed the moment the alarm rings every morning Perhaps the next time you get up in the morning，you can try this.Slowly get up and sit at your bed for a few minutes. 2 The important thing is not to let any hurried thoughts clutter your mind.In these few quiet minutes to yourself，you will be able to feel refreshed.
3
On many occasions，we have our ②handphones right next to the served food，and our eyes are busy with the world within these tiny devices.Such actions seem to be the perfect recipe for an overworked brain.
Instead，take mealtime as a time to enjoy your food.Slow down and let your eyes ③feast on the different colors，and allow your tongue to taste the variety of flavors. 4 It also helps you to feel more relaxed.
Get moving.
Playing sports such as basketball，soccer or simply going for a run helps reduce the body’s stress hormones and instead stimulates the production of endorphins that lift your mood. 5 All you have to do is to ensure you incorporate a regular routine of exercise of low to moderate intensity.This will also help you feel more energized and healthy，besides ridding you of stress and anxiety.
These are the ways you can achieve harmony with your body and mind，and feel less anxious and stressed.Give them a try.Your mind will thank you for it.
A．Eat mindfully.
B．Exercise regularly.
C．Let the body and mind feel the peace.
D．There is no need for you to become a gym rat.
E．It helps you to be conscious of the food you put in your mouth.
F．This，in turn，has the effect of bringing your body into a state of deep relaxation.
G．It is a sign that anxiety is creeping up on you，and your brain is nudging you for help.
语境猜词 ①sweaty(派)＝sweat＋y ②handphones(合)＝hand＋phone＋s ③feast(转)n.→v.
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
As a psychologist，one of my favorite ①practices was my meeting a teenager，Trevor.He had been struggling with anxiety and depression，finding few solutions 1 to him.Trevor 2 his ability after failing the final exam and wanted to give up.Together with his dad he 3 me，and we discussed something about a 4 in detail.I 5 he would get better as long as he believed in himself.He looked 6 .“I don’t think it will work，” he said.Then a new idea 7 me—maybe I could help him by associating his experience with the perception(认识) of steady 8 .So I enlightened(启发) him 9 .
“When you break a bone，what is the 10 of a cast(石膏)？” I asked.“It protects the bone，” he answered.“Yes，but how 11 does the bone heal？” “The body heals it，” “Right，” I nodded.“Now，I will act as your cast and 12 you until your 13 heals itself.” Trevor gave me a smile.Obviously，our conversation gave Trevor a belief that he should trust in his inner power and it assured him that he wasn’t 14 .He knew his doctor，parents，and teachers would all work in concert to help him.Sure enough，he caught up with his classmates later.
If children are ②in crisis，parents can try to make them realize their problems.Parents need to encourage and support them.In this 15 ，children will feel encouraged and confident eventually.
1．A.available B．sensitive
C．contrary D．similar
2．A.increased B．evaluated
C．tested D．doubted
3．A.looked on B．turned to
C．complained of D．appealed to
4．A.pattern B．source
C．policy D．treatment
5．A.ensured B．warned
C．reported D．remembered
6．A.thrilled B．confused
C．terrified D．embarrassed
7．A.applied to B．took to
C．occurred to D．pointed to
8．A.character B．value
C．improvement D．flow
9．A.patiently B．secretly
C．casually D．blindly
10．A.selection B．expense
C．function D．course
11．A.accidentally B．exactly
C．abruptly D．equally
12．A.criticize B．qualify
C．monitor D．back
13．A.humor B．mind
C．pride D．injury
14．A.stubborn B．mistaken
C．normal D．alone
15．A.case B．age
C．field D．order
语境猜词 ①practice(熟义：n.练习) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②in crisis ____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·福建莆田二模)
Dunhuang，located in Northwest China’s Gansu Province，was 1.____________________ important ①stop on the ancient Silk Road.Then，what does it look like today
From December 5 to 8，a micro-variety show，titled “The Dunhuang You Don’t Know”，2.____________________(release) on social media platforms.Since then，the video series has accumulated millions of views online.
Chinese people are familiar with Dunhuang’s magnificent beauty，from the renowned Mogao Grottoes ②housing rich collections of Buddhis artwork 3.______________ the Crescent Spring(月牙泉)，a crescent-shaped lake 4._____________(surround) by giant sand hills.Yet，the micro series takes the audience on a journey 5.____________(discover) the uncovered，vivid and vibrant modern lives of Dunhuang.They are displayed from eight dimensions,6.____________(include) local cuisine，folk heritage and the guochao，7.__________________ means “native wave” and the use of traditional Chinese elements in fashion.
In recent years，with the rise in 8.____________________(popular) of the guochao trends，contemporary artists have transformed Dunhuang’s age-old art into more creative cultural 9.____________________(product) that appeal to young consumers.In this video series，the distinctive Dunhuang aesthetics(美学) have also 10.____________________(skillful) captured people’s attention through cosmetics，fashion and ③trendy collectibles.
语境猜词 ①stop(转)v.→n.____________________ ②house(熟义：n.房子，住宅) 生义(文义)：____________________ ③trendy(派)＝trend＋y ____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①n.发展，前进 ②n.输入，投入 ③adj.广阔的；广泛的
B．①adj.可获得的；可达成的 ②n.最新报道，最新消息 ③adj.不方便的
Ⅱ.①adj.出汗的 ②n.手机 ③尽情享用(美味佳肴)
Ⅲ.①n.工作，业务活动 ②处于危机中
Ⅳ.①停留地 ②v.是……的贮藏处，收藏 ③adj.时髦的，赶时髦的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了近几十年来近视变得越来越普遍，解释了导致近视的原因和有关研究。
1．C [细节理解题。根据第四段“Just like in humans，if visual input is wrong，a chick’s eyes grow too large，resulting in myopia.And it’s progressive.Blur(模糊) leads to eye growth，which causes more blur，which makes the eye grow even larger，and so on.”可知，视觉输入影响小鸡眼睛的发育。故选C。]
2．B [细节理解题。根据第五段“Two recent studies...an important driver of the increase in myopia is that people are spending more time focusing on objects immediately in front of our eyes，whether a screen，a book or a drawing pad.”可知，看屏幕时间太长可能是近视的主要原因。故选B。]
3．A [段落大意题。根据第六段“Other research has shown that this unnatural eye growth can be interrupted by sunlight...”可知，第六段讲的是户外光线有助于预防近视。故选A。]
4．B [观点态度题。根据最后一段“Fortunately，just a few minutes a day with glasses that correct blur stops the progression of myopia，which is why early vision testing and vision correction are important to limit the development of myopia.”可推知，作者对早期视力测试的态度是支持的。故选B。]
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了紧迫感文化，分析了它对身心的伤害，并就如何避免紧迫感陷阱提出了建议。
5．C [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In an increasingly fast-paced world that rewards immediacy，urgency culture makes it hard to tell what is truly important and what is not.”可知，紧迫感文化让人很难分辨什么是真正重要的，什么不是，因此，“把每件事都放在首位”属于紧迫感文化。故选C。]
6．B [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“However，research shows every time we multitask...and you lose the ability to regulate emotions，and an overactive fight-or-flight response contributes to high blood pressure，poor quality of sleep and eating disorders.”可知，多任务处理可能会让人们感到持续的压力。故选B。]
7．A [词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“In short，the more overstimulated you are，the less joy you can feel.”可推知，持续的过度刺激会削弱你的多巴胺系统，画线单词“debilitate”意为“削弱”。故选A。]
8．D [标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“In an increasingly fast-paced world that rewards immediacy，urgency culture makes it hard to tell what is truly important and what is not.”，第二段中的“The constant rush to be ‘always on’ professionally and personally can create stress.”以及最后一段中的“To avoid the urgency trap，experts recommend pausing for a few moments before leaping into action every time something comes up.”可知，本文主要介绍了快节奏社会里出现的紧迫感文化，分析了它对身心的伤害，并在最后一段就如何避免紧迫感陷阱提出了建议。D项最能概括本文主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D。]
Ⅱ.1.G 2.C 3.A 4.E 5.D
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。作者是一名心理医生，他引导因考试不及格而抑郁焦虑的Trevor。在大家的帮助下，Trevor相信自己的内在力量并战胜疾病，最终赶上了同学。
1．A [available可用的；sensitive敏感的；contrary相反的；similar相似的。根据上文“He had been struggling with anxiety and depression，finding few solutions”可知，Trevor患有焦虑和抑郁症，还没找到可用的解决办法，故选A。]
2．D [increase增加；evaluate评价；test测试；doubt怀疑。根据下文“after failing the final exam”可知，Trevor在考试不及格后怀疑自己的能力，故选D。]
3．B [look on旁观；turn to求助于；complain of抱怨；appeal to吸引，呼吁。根据下文“and we discussed something about a ________ in detail”可知，作为心理医生的作者与父子二人进行了讨论，故Trevor和父亲一起来找作者寻求帮助，故选B。]
4．D [pattern模式；source来源；policy政策；treatment治疗方法。根据上文“He had been struggling with anxiety and depression，finding few solutions ________ to him.”可知，Trevor患有焦虑和抑郁症，还没找到可用的解决办法，故作者他们详细地讨论了他的治疗方法，故选D。]
5．A [ensure保证，确保；warn警告；report报道；remember记住。根据下文“he would get better as long as he believed in himself”可知，这是作者向Trevor作出的保证，只要他相信自己，他就会好起来，故选A。]
6．B [thrilled激动的；confused困惑的；terrified恐惧的；embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文“‘I don’t think it will work，’ he said.”可知，Trevor觉得作者提出的治疗方式没有用，因此看起来很困惑，故选B。]
7．C [apply to运用于；take to开始从事；occur to使突然想到；point to指向。根据下文“maybe I could help him by associating his experience with the perception(认识) of steady ________”可知，此处指作者想到了一个新方法来帮助Trevor，故选C。]
8．C [character性格；value价值观；improvement进步，提升；flow流动，不断供应。根据空前“I could help him by associating his experience with the perception(认识) of steady”可知，作者将他的经历与不断进步的感觉联系起来，让他感觉自己能慢慢好起来，通过不断进步而赶上其他同学，故选C。]
9．A [patiently耐心地；secretly秘密地；casually随意地；blindly盲目地。根据下文作者与Trevor的对话可知，作者很耐心地开导Trevor，故选A。]
10．C [selection选择；expense费用；function作用；course课程。根据下文“it protects the bone”可知，此处是指石膏的作用，故选C。]
11．B [accidentally偶然地；exactly究竟，到底；abruptly突然地；equally平等地。根据下文“The body heals it”可知，此处指作者引导Trevor进行进一步的思考，故选B。]
12．D [criticize批评；qualify使……合格；monitor监控；back支持。根据上文“Now，I will act as your cast”可知，作者将充当Trevor的石膏，石膏起的作用是帮助和支持，可推理出空白处应填表示“支持”含义的动词，故选D。]
13．B [humor幽默；mind心灵；pride骄傲；injury伤口。根据上文“He had been struggling with anxiety and depression”可知，Trevor患有焦虑和抑郁症，故此处指治愈他的心灵，故选B。]
14．D [stubborn倔强的；mistaken被误会的；normal正常的；alone独自的。根据下文“He knew his doctor，parents，and teachers would all work in concert to help him.”可知，他知道，他的医生、父母和老师都会一起来帮助他，故有很多人帮助他，他并不是一个人，故选D。]
15．A [case情况；age年龄；field领域；order命令。根据上文“If children are in crisis，parents can try to make them realize their problems.Parents need to encourage and support them.”可知，如果孩子处于危机之中，父母可以试着让他们认识到自己的问题，父母需要鼓励和支持他们。故此处指在这种“父母鼓励和支持他们的情况下”，孩子会感到鼓舞和自信，故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.an 2.was released 3.to 4.surrounded 5.to discover
6．including 7.which 8.popularity 9.products
10．skillfully选择性必修第三册 Unit 2 A life’s work
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Over the past few months，I’ve been invited to speak with well-known writers，musicians and film producers regarding my recent book，Extraterrestrial.Prior to these conversations，I was on the receiving (and admiring) end of their artistic work，but now they were curious about my own research as a scientist.The reverse led me to recognize the similarities between innovation in arts and sciences.
In sciences and arts alike，creativity appears magically as an unpredictable fountain of inspiration from the subconscious(潜意识)．Its unexpected content breaks routines within traditional thinking.It delivers something new that is distinct from common practices，often taking people out of their comfort zone because it is ahead of its time.As a result，many innovators are laughed at and denied the recognition they deserve when they need it the most.
There are many examples of such circumstances.In 1933 Fritz Zwicky inferred the existence of “dark matter”，but it took four decades for this concept to gain recognition within the astronomy community.Vincent van Gogh was considered a madman and a failure throughout his life.Today，his paintings are among the most expensive ever sold，though.
Typically，life offers two ways of acquiring objects.One is by collecting available items，and the other is by creating things that never existed before.Whereas most items on the shelves of supermarkets are mass-produced，products that are newly created by artists or scientists are originally unique.Just like aging wine，a product of creative work acquires quality over time.It is colored by the response of the audience as well as by imitations.The initial circumstances are a ①reminder of an admirable baby.It is fascinating for a scientist or an artist to watch the interaction of their creations with the world，just as it is for parents to watch their children.
Creativity in arts and sciences establishes a ②backdrop for human existence，as the content it invents gives pleasure and meaning to our lives.The human act of creation is an infinite-sum game，from which all of us benefit.And we can all participate in the creative process.
1．Which can best replace the underlined word “reverse” in paragraph 1
A．Priority. B．Assumption.
C．Shift. D．Preference.
2．What can best describe creativity in sciences and arts
A．It tends to be forecastable.
B．It mirrors common beliefs.
C．It usually leads the times.
D．It enjoys instant acceptance.
3．What can be inferred from paragraph 4
A．Creative works withstand the test of time.
B．Mass-produced items are preferable.
C．Old wine can’t be put into new bottles.
D．Inventiveness starts from childhood.
4．What’s the purpose of the last paragraph
A．To launch an appeal. B．To clarify a concept.
C．To offer an entertainment. D．To advocate a lifestyle.
语境猜词 ①reminder(派)＝remind＋er ____________________ ②backdrop(合)＝back＋drop ____________________
B
Joey Hudicka began his business journey by creating a strategy game called Puckz when he was just 5 years old，combining two of his favorite interests—strategy games like checkers，and sports like ice hockey.Seeing the amazing experiences unfold for her big brother，Heidi Hudicka set out to create her own first business，a fashion clothing line for her 18 dolls.
But one day，Joey and Heidi met after school and experienced a real ①breakthrough.“I was telling Joey I was asking friends if they would like me to outsource(外包) the sewing of my designs to them，since it is not really my favorite part of that business，but none of my friends understood what I meant by outsourcing，” recalls Heidi.
“When Heidi told me what happened after school that day I was like，‘Yeah! I have the same problem.’ Most kids just don’t understand when we talk about our business，or even why it is important to understand how businesses work，” says Joey.“And that’s when we decided to do something about it，to create a fun and engaging way to teach more kids about the power of their creativity through innovation and business.”
Joey and Heidi，along with their parents，founded the company Fizzee Labs，and began creating engaging learning resources such as Outta This World，a board game that activates your imagination by applying it to invent amazing new products or experiences，in a ②fast-paced，competitive format.
“Outta This World is a journey through the depths of outer space.You have brought very limited supplies with you on your mission，and you must creatively ③repurpose these supplies，transforming them into brand new products or experiences that can be sold to the different civilizations you will meet along your journey，raising the funds you need to reach your destination！” describes Joey.
5．What motivated Heidi to start her first business
A．Her brother’s previous success.
B．Her eagerness for fortune.
C．Her passion for strategy games.
D．Her parents’ suggestion and support.
6．Why did Joey and Heidi decide to create Fizzee Labs
A. To understand how businesses work.
B．To create a board game about outer space.
C．To outsource the sewing of their clothing line.
D．To teach kids about the power of creativity and business.
7．What is the function of Outta This World
A. Addressing the business problems.
B．Raising funds for a space mission.
C．Developing interesting learning resources.
D．Encouraging imagination and invention.
8．Which can be the best title for the passage
A. Two Great Teenagers Making History
B．A Strategy Board Game Popular with Teenagers
C．A Breakthrough in Teaching Kids About Business
D．An Innovative Way of Being Successful in Business
语境猜词 ①breakthrough(合)＝break＋through ____________________ ②fast-paced(合＋派)＝fast＋pace＋d ____________________ ③repurpose(派)＝re＋purpose ____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·江西新余二模)
How long does it take to become an elite(精英) in your field 1 That’s what John Hayes，a cognitive psychology professor at Carnegie Mellon University，wanted to know.
For decades，Hayes has been investigating the role of effort，practice and knowledge in top performers. 2 The research focused on people like Mozart and Picasso to determine how long it took them to become world-class at their ①craft.
Let’s talk about what Hayes has discovered about world-class-performers.And more importantly，let’s discuss how you can use these insights to achieve your goals and become your best.
3 He analyzed thousands of musical pieces produced from 1685 to 1900.The central question that drove his work was，“How long after one becomes interested in music is it that one becomes world-class？” Eventually，Hayes developed a list of 500 pieces of “masterworks” in the field，which were created by a total of 76 composers.
Next，Hayes ②mapped out the timeline of each composer’s career. 4 What he discovered was that ③virtually every single “masterwork” was written after the tenth year of the composer’s career.Not a single person produced incredible work without putting in a decade of practice first.Even a genius like Mozart had to work for at least ten years before he produced something that became popular. 5
In follow-up studies，Hayes found similar patterns among famous painters and popular poets.These findings have been further confirmed by research from professors like K．Anders Ericsson，who produced research that revealed that you needed to put in “10,000 hours” to become an elite or expert in your field.
A．It takes time to achieve your goals.
B．And what do people like doing in their spare time
C．He has studied the most talented creators in history.
D．Hayes started his research by examining successful composers.
E．And what do the successful people do differently than the rest of us
F．Professor Hayes began to refer to this period as the “ten years of silence”．
G．And then he calculated how long they had been working before they created their popular works.
语境猜词 ①craft(熟义：n.工艺；手艺) 生义(文义)： ②map out ③virtually(熟义：adv.虚拟地) 生义(文义)：
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·广东茂名一模)
What’s connected to the invention of rubber surgical gloves is an interesting story.
Believe it or not，this little tool 1 in every doctor’s office and hospital was invented out of 2 .In 1889，Dr.William Halsted was in love with the nurse and eventual wife，Carolyn Hampton. 3 ，this invention should be named “Rubber Gloves of Love”．
Hospital procedures 4 surgical personnel to wash and ①disinfect their hands before interacting with patients.Carolyn 5 severe dermatitis(皮炎) due to the use of mercuric chloride(氯化汞) for disinfection.She was almost about to 6 but Halsted wanted to keep her near him.To protect her 7 ，he thought hard and suddenly，something 8 him.He ②contacted the Goodyear Rubber Company，asking the engineers there to 9 thin rubber gloves for Carolyn.
10 rubber gloves were very different from what we have today，but they proved to be an excellent 11 to the operating room.The gloves were 12 well received.Many other personnel began wearing the gloves.It’s generally 13 that now they have many uses，far beyond their original 14 .For example，③hairdressers use them to prevent getting poisoned by dyes and solutions(溶液) used in their business.
Whenever I see gloves anywhere，I can’t help but think of this 15 of inventing the “rubber gloves of love”．
1．A.seen B．made
C．tested D．confirmed
2．A.sympathy B．love
C．curiosity D．thankfulness
3．A.Instead B．Besides
C．Indeed D．Otherwise
4．A.allow B．cause
C．promise D．require
5．A.developed B．discovered
C．controlled D．cured
6．A.succeed B．graduate
C．resign D．retire
7．A.achievement B．courage
C．legs D．hands
8．A.happened to B．occurred to
C．answered for D．waited for
9．A.check B．clean
C．count D．fashion
10．A.Original B．New
C．Extra D．Regular
11．A.response B．attitude
C．sensitivity D．addition
12．A.usually B．actually
C．carefully D．nearly
13．A.said B．known
C．reported D．announced
14．A.belief B．identity
C．purpose D．quality
15．A.story B．record
C．work D．memory
语境猜词 ①disinfect(派)＝dis＋infect ____________________ ②contact(转)n.→v.____________________ ③hairdresser(合＋派)＝hair＋dress＋er ____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·山东济南模拟预测)
Driven by a great passion for guqin，1._______________ is an ancient Chinese instrument，Li Xiangting，a professor at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing 2._____________(devote) nearly 70 years to ①mastering and promoting it since his first encounter with it.
In 1958，Li became the only guqin major in the Traditional Chinese Instruments Department.Given that guqin was 3._________(relative) unknown，Li was often ignored.Everyone considered it ②out of date,4.____________________ he thought it deserved an important position and was determined to make it 5.____________________(appreciate) by everyone.
In order to introduce it 6.________________ a global audience，Li innovated while honoring the instrument’s rich traditions.Later，he also produced teaching videos,7.______________(publish) books，and ③released albums，significantly boosting the instrument’s 8.______________(popular)．
In the following years，more enthusiasts and musicians like Li worked on the art.With 9.____________________(they) efforts，the UNESCO recognized the art as an intangible(非物质的) heritage of humanity in 2003.Moreover，his daughter，Li Pengpeng，has followed in her father’s footsteps,10.______________(serve) as an ambassador in promoting traditional Chinese culture.
语境猜词 ①master(转)n.→v.____________________ ②out of date____________________ ③release(熟义：v.释放) 生义(文义)：____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①n.令人回忆起……的东西；提醒……的东西 ②n.背景
B．①n.重大进展，突破 ②adj.快步调的；快节奏的 ③v.(为适合新用途)对……稍加修改
Ⅱ.①n.行业；职业 ②详细绘制 ③adv.实际上；事实上
Ⅲ.①v.给……消毒 ②联系；联络 ③n.理发师
Ⅳ.①掌握；精通 ②过时的 ③v.发行
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文是夹叙夹议文。本文以一场作者和艺术家们的对话引入话题，提出了艺术创新和科学创新的相似性。随后作者就两种创新的超前性展开论述并举例说明。最后作者呼吁人们参与创新。
1．C [词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Prior to these conversations，I was on the receiving (and admiring) end of their artistic work，but now they were curious about my own research as a scientist.”可知，以前是作者欣赏艺术家们的作品，现在是艺术家们对作者的作品感兴趣，即进行了角色互换。所以reverse意为“转换”。故选C。]
2．C [推理判断题。根据第二段中“In sciences and arts alike，creativity appears...It delivers something new that is distinct from common practices，often taking people out of their comfort zone because it is ahead of its time.”可知，艺术与科学中的创新往往领先于它所在的时代。故选C。]
3．A [推理判断题。根据第四段中“Just like aging wine，a product of creative work acquires quality over time.”可知，创新产品要经过一段时间才能显现其品质，即要经受时间的检验。故选A。]
4．A [写作意图题。根据最后一段尤其最后一句可知，作者呼吁人们参与创新。故选A。]
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对创业兄妹Joey和Heidi为激发同龄人的创造力而创办了一家公司，专门研发益智类的学习素材。
5．A [细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Seeing the amazing experiences unfold for her big brother，Heidi Hudicka set out to create her own first business，a fashion clothing line for her 18 dolls.”可知，她哥哥的成功经历激励她创办自己的第一份事业。故选A。]
6．D [细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“And that’s when we decided to do something about it，to create a fun and engaging way to teach more kids about the power of their creativity through innovation and business.”及第四段第一句中“Joey and Heidi，along with their parents，founded the company Fizzee Labs”可知，他们创立Fizzee Labs是为了使孩子们懂得创造力和商业的力量。故选D。]
7．D [细节理解题。根据第四段“...engaging learning resources such as Outta This World，a board game that activates your imagination by applying it to invent amazing new products or experiences，in a fast-paced，competitive format.”可知，该游戏可以激活想象力和创造力。故选D。]
8．A [标题归纳题。根据第一段并结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了一对创业兄妹Joey和Heidi为激发同龄人的创造力而创办了一家公司，专门研发益智类的学习素材，这是两个优秀的少年创造成功的故事。所以A项“两位创造历史的伟大少年”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。]
Ⅱ.1.E 2.C 3.D 4.G 5.F
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。如今橡胶手套在医院随处可见，文章主要讲述了这个发明背后是一个关于丈夫对妻子的爱的故事。
1．A [根据后文“in every doctor’s office and hospital”并结合常识可知，橡胶手套会在每个医生的办公室和医院被看到。故选A。]
2．B [根据后文“Rubber Gloves of Love”可知，这个工具是出于爱而被发明的。故选B。]
3．C [根据后文可知橡胶手套是因为丈夫对妻子的爱而被发明的，所以“的确”应该被命名为“爱的橡胶手套”。故选C。]
4．D [根据后文“surgical personnel to wash and disinfect their hands before interacting with patients”可知，医院程序要求外科人员在与病人接触之前洗手消毒。故选D。]
5．A [根据后文“severe dermatitis(皮炎) due to the use of mercuric chloride(氯化汞) for disinfection”可知，由于经常使用氯化汞进行消毒，卡罗琳患上了严重的皮炎，此处develop表示“患某种疾病”。故选A。]
6．C [前文提到她患了严重的皮炎，结合后文“but Halsted wanted to keep her near him”可知，她几乎想辞职了，但作为医生的丈夫希望她继续和他一起工作。故选C。]
7．D [根据前文“wash and disinfect their hands”可知是手得了皮炎，因此要保护手。故选D。]
8．B [happen to发生在某人身上；occur to被想到；answer for代表……讲话；wait for等待。根据后文“He contacted the Goodyear Rubber Company，asking the engineers there to”可知他想出了橡胶手套的主意。短语sth occurred to sb表示“某人想到某事”。故选B。]
9．D [count计算；fashion(尤指用手工)制作。根据后文“thin rubber gloves for Carolyn”可知，丈夫联系橡胶公司为妻子制作薄橡胶手套。故选D。]
10．A [根据后文“were very different from what we have today”可知，最初的橡胶手套与我们今天使用的非常不同，故选A。]
11．D [response回答；attitude态度；sensitivity敏感性；addition增加物，补充。根据后文“to the operating room”以及常识可知，手术室里离不开橡胶手套，即它们被证明是对手术室的一个很好的补充。故选D。]
12．B [根据后文“Many other personnel began wearing the gloves.”可知，这些手套实际上很受欢迎。故选B。]
13．B [根据后文“now they have many uses”以及句意可知，橡胶手套有多种用途已是一项共识，所以此处用句型It’s generally known that...表示“众所周知……”。故选B。]
14．C [根据前文“now they have many uses”可知，橡胶手套如今用途变多了，即远远超出了它们最初的用途。故选C。]
15．A [根据后文“of inventing the ‘rubber gloves of love’”并结合前文讲述了橡胶手套是因为丈夫对妻子的爱而被发明的可知，应是想起这个发明背后的故事。故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.which 2.has devoted 3.relatively 4.but/yet
5．appreciated 6.to 7.published 8.popularity 9.their
10．serving选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 War and peace
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·上海期中)
On 15th June 1996，a huge bomb in Manchester，in the north-west of England，destroyed the city centre，causing nearly a billion pounds’ worth of damage.The bomb，which had been ①planted by a terrorist group called the IRA，injured over 200 people but remarkably killed no one as police had evacuated the area following a warning from the IRA.
Manchester had already undergone some changes as it recovered from the economic depression of the early 1990s that had destroyed much of its industry and created large-scale unemployment.It had won the right to host the Commonwealth Games (a large sporting event) and ②redeveloped some deserted areas through the building of the National Velodrome，an exhibition centre and an award-winning concert hall.However，at the time of the bombing，the city centre was still badly neglected—dominated by the Arndale Shopping Centre (once described as looking like an enormous public toilet) and squares that were run-down and affected by drug addiction.So，dreadful though the bombing was，it actually provided an opportunity to start again that might not have happened otherwise.
Within weeks of the explosion，the government had set up a public-private company to manage the recovery and launched an international competition to design the redevelopment.The winning plan involved restoring the historic buildings that had been damaged，tearing down and rebuilding some of the ugly buildings，creating new public spaces and improving life for pedestrians.Alongside this，the government reduced traffic in the centre by changing the direction of some main roads and developed an integrated public transport system，making access to the centre easier.Since these improvements，the city has attempted to boost tourism by using some of the city’s historical sites for major public events and by creating the Urbis building，which now houses the National Football Museum.In turn，these changes have been key in attracting new investors，such as the Qatari royal family who own Manchester City Football Club.
Since 1996，Manchester’s economy has expanded，but concerns about rising inequality persist.Not all new developments are well-received; a garden square by a renowned architect was dubbed the city’s least appealing spot.Some contend that replacing markets and industries with luxury consumption and glass structures has diminished the city’s essence.
1．What does the underlined word “evacuated” in paragraph 1 most probably mean
A．Looked for something in a place.
B．Estimated the losses in a ruined place.
C．Removed people from a place of danger.
D．Determined a numerical value of a place.
2．What does the writer say about the 1996 IRA bombing
A. It presented an unexpected opportunity for Manchester.
B．It destroyed the city centre that used to be busy and crowded.
C．It resulted in a lot of people getting hurt or killed in Manchester.
D．It cost Manchester its chance to host the Commonwealth Games.
3．What did Manchester do for its recovery
A. It set up Manchester City Football Club.
B．It organised an international competition to attract new investors.
C．It tore down some historical sites to make room for public events.
D．It developed a public traffic system to make the city centre more accessible.
4．What is the passage mainly about
A. Damage Manchester suffered due to the IRA bombing.
B．The IRA bombing in Manchester and its consequences.
C．Challenges related to the redevelopment of Manchester.
D．The long-term effects of the changes made in Manchester.
语境猜词 ①plant(熟义：v.种植) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②redevelop(派)＝re＋develop ____________________
B
From beautiful bronze(青铜) wine cups to grand bronze ding(food containers)，this exhibition features discoveries that will fundamentally change visitors’ understanding of ancient Chinese civilization.
At about the same time that Stonehenge was rising in England，a Bronze Age culture was developing in China that in many respects was seldom equaled and never surpassed.This development seemed to have begun by 1600 BC in the Shang (about 1600 BC—1046 BC) along the Yellow River.For thousands of years，this area had witnessed cultures of increasing complexity，which laid the foundation of the Chinese civilization.By the time of the Bronze Age，this culture was characterized by a strong centralized government，urban communities with obvious social ①classes，a distinctive system of writing，strict religious rituals，diversified art forms，and advanced bronze-producing methods.
Unlike other cultures，where bronze was first used chiefly for tools and weapons，in China，bronze was used to make vessels(容器) that played central roles in official ceremonies and ancestor worship for more than 1,000 years，even after the official beginnings of the Iron Age in 400 BC.Possession of bronze vessels thus became a symbol for the holding of power and rulers used bronze cups and food containers to present offerings of food and wine to royal ancestors.
During Shang times，wine played a major part in such ceremonies，and containers for wine therefore far ②outnumbered other types.Then，the Shang were criticized for too much wine drinking，which gave the Zhou，Shang’s enemy，the right to overthrow the Shang.Safeguarding its own dynasty，the Zhou replaced the wine vessels with more practical cooking and storage tools.
After the Shang period，bronze vessels became more important as expressions of personal status than as vehicles for official ceremonies.This is evident from the changing content of bronze inscriptions.Carved into the surface of a vessel，these writings first appeared during the late Shang period as an identification of the vessel’s owner or of the ancestor to whom it was dedicated.During the Western Zhou period，inscriptions became increasingly common and lengthier，praising the achievements of the owners.
5．What was happening in China by the time Stonehenge was rising in England
A. The Chinese had yet to invent their writing system.
B．China was still relatively backward in many respects.
C．China had already had a strong centralized government.
D．Social classes just started to emerge in the Chinese cities.
6．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. The main applications of bronze in China.
B．The complex official ceremonies in China.
C．The significance of the discovery of bronze.
D．The differences between China and other countries.
7．Which of the following most probably belongs to the Zhou
A. Huge bronze ding with short religious texts.
B．Bronze vessels showing the kings’ achievements.
C．An unearthed tomb with lots of bronze wine cups.
D．An ancient kitchen with lots of bronze cooking pots.
8．From which is the text most probably taken
A．A science report. B．An exhibit brochure.
C．A history textbook. D．A research paper.
语境猜词 ①class(熟义：n.班级) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②outnumber(合)＝out＋number ____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·湖南怀化模拟预测)
Have you ever changed jobs or moved to an unfamiliar city，only to find yourself wondering how to connect with new people？ 1 However，a connection is a part of what it means to be human.When we do it well，our lives are far more fulfilling.Here are a few tips to help you build and strengthen connections with people.
Be your real self.
You can’t go wrong with being yourself.Pretending to be someone you aren’t can lead your relationships to be built on lies and cause confusion in the future. 2 They forget that being themselves is how they make genuine connections.
Respect people’s boundaries.
It’s likely that when you get to know someone new，you’ll discover their limits quickly.In order to build a meaningful relationship with that person，you must respect the boundaries. 3 Otherwise，the connection will be killed.
Move past the surface level.
Meaningful connections move past the ①basics of small talk.Yes，the first time you meet someone，you can cover surface-level facts. 4 What are their values What types of goals do they have for the future What are their biggest hopes and dreams These are all questions that give more ②insight into who they are and how we can connect with them.
5
One of the best ways to learn how to connect with other people is learning to be present.And don’t just be present mentally.Use your body language to show that they have your full attention.If you aren’t facing the person who’s speaking，they won’t feel like you care about connecting with them.
A．Stay focused on the present.
B．Be genuine with your admiration.
C．Building relationships can be tough.
D．Don’t push them to share things that they don’t want to.
E．It can also reduce stress and awkwardness for both of you.
F．People make such a mistake when they desperately want to fit in.
G．However，after you’ve been talking for a while，try to go deeper.
语境猜词 ①basic(熟义：adj.基础的) 生义(文义)： ②insight(熟义：n.洞察力) 生义(文义)：
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
Changing the world may be impossible，but changing a world is realistic—that’s how Lorenzo Amani looks at life.Amani’s journey from the football team to the 1 world is a story of ①perseverance and personal growth.
Growing up in a military family，Amani experienced frequent moves and 2 requirements，which influenced his character and 3 his capacity to handle stress，particularly in sports. 4 ，a career-ending foot injury in his junior year 5 his dream of football.With the encouragement and assistance of coaches and the staff，Amani 6 his attention on other ②off-field interests—studying at Virginia Tech.“Student athletes at the time didn’t really study abroad，” he said.“We were generally too busy 7 our sport.This was a(n) 8 experience that taught me that we’re all a lot more alike than we are 9 ，even in various corners of the world.”
Following his graduation，Amani decided to 10 others facing the same 11 from college athletics to academics and careers post-college.It’s a(n) 12 many athletes struggle with—fewer than 2 percent of student athletes go on to be professional athletes.
Today，Amani has founded an athleisure clothing company，with a(n) 13 to contributing a portion of its profits to organizations that offer education training to minorities.Additionally，he remains devoted to 14 individuals，helping develop their leadership skills and financial literacy.
Amani’s experience proves that as long as we 15 setbacks bravely，we can change not just our own world，but the world of others as well.
1．A.science B．business
C．fashion D．sport
2．A.regular B．major
C．illegal D．strict
3．A.appreciated B．enhanced
C．covered D．restricted
4．A.Additionally B．Eventually
C．Nevertheless D．Instead
5．A.stopped B．inspired
C．presented D．interpreted
6．A.recalled B．removed
C．repeated D．refocused
7．A.referring to B．summing up
C．competing in D．contrasting with
8．A.normal B．fantastic
C．relevant D．adventurous
9．A.popular B．attractive
C．familiar D．different
10．A.assist B．satisfy
C．inform D．ignore
11．A.strategy B．choice
C．structure D．transformation
12．A.convention B．examination
C．challenge D．attitude
13．A.barrier B．commitment
C．assumption D．adaptation
14．A.guiding B．appreciating
C．persuading D．reminding
15．A.check B．recognize
C．hug D．observe
语境猜词 ①perseverance(派)＝persever(e)＋ance ____________________ ②off-field(合)＝off＋field ____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·河南部分重点期末)
Chinese calligraphy is 1.____________________ artistic practice of writing Chinese characters，often with a brush and ink on xuan paper.The development of Chinese calligraphy began alongside the earliest Chinese characters 2.____________________(discover) to date—about from the Shang Dynasty in Anyang，Henan Province.Over time，calligraphy gradually took shape 3.____________________ a form of art rather than a mere means of record.The five major styles of handwriting，running，regular，official，seal and cursive(草书)，were born from such calligraphy.
Calligraphy is a ①demanding and advanced art.The output can 4.___________________(affect) by the brush，ink and paper.Structure of individual characters and spatial layout(空间布局) as a whole determine 5.____________________(it) quality.Moreover，it is said that the emotions and philosophy of the writer are directly reflected on calligraphy.Calligraphy is refined(文雅的) art.Lan Ting Xu(The Orchid Pavilion Preface)，created by Wang Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317－420)，is one of the most celebrated 6.____________________(work) of Chinese calligraphy. 7.____________________(possess) both historical and cultural significance in Chinese literature，it is a kind of elegant and 8.____________________(express) ②brushwork.Calligraphy is also within reach.9.______________ there is Chinese language，there is Chinese calligraphy.The artistry is still 10._____________(high) valued today，for it is more than just writing，it is a living heritage.
语境猜词 ①demanding(派)＝demand＋ing ____________________ ②brushwork(合)＝brush＋work ____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①v.(秘密)放置，安置 ②v.重新开发
B．①n.阶级 ②v.比……多
Ⅱ.①n.基本事项 ②n.了解
Ⅲ.①n.毅力 ②adj.场外的
Ⅳ.①adj.费时费力的；要求高的 ②n.绘画；笔法
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了1996年爱尔兰共和军恐怖组织在曼彻斯特投下了一枚炸弹，这次事件实际上给曼彻斯特提供了一个重新发展的机会。
1．C [词义猜测题。根据第一段中画线词所在句“The bomb...injured over 200 people but remarkably killed no one as police had evacuated the area following a warning from the IRA.”可知，这枚由恐怖组织爱尔兰共和军秘密安置的炸弹没有造成人员死亡，这是因为警方在爱尔兰共和军发出警告后将该地区的人员进行了疏散。由此推知，画线词evacuated意为“疏散”，与C项“把人们从危险的地方带走”意思接近。故选C。]
2．A [细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“So，dreadful though the bombing was，it actually provided an opportunity to start again that might not have happened otherwise.”可知，1996年爱尔兰共和军爆炸案给曼彻斯特带来了一个意想不到的机会。故选A。]
3．D [细节理解题。根据第三段中“Alongside this，the government reduced traffic in the centre by changing the direction of some main roads and developed an integrated public transport system，making access to the centre easier.”可知，为了复苏，曼彻斯特发展了一个公共交通系统，使城市中心更容易到达。故选D。]
4．B [主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段和第二段中“So，dreadful though the bombing was，it actually provided an opportunity to start again that might not have happened otherwise.”可知，文章主要介绍了爱尔兰共和军在曼彻斯特组织的爆炸及其产生的影响。故选B。]
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国古代青铜文化的发展、特点及其在社会政治生活中的重要地位。
5．C [细节理解题。根据第二段中“At about the same time that Stonehenge was rising in England，a Bronze Age culture was developing in China that...”和“By the time of the Bronze Age，this culture was characterized by a strong centralized government...”可知，巨石阵在英国矗立起来的时候，中国处于青铜时代，拥有一个强大的中央集权政府。故选C。]
6．A [段落大意题。根据第三段“Unlike other cultures...bronze was used to make vessels(容器) that...”可知，这一段主要讲述了青铜在中国的主要应用。故选A。]
7．D [推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Safeguarding its own dynasty，the Zhou replaced the wine vessels with more practical cooking and storage tools.”可知，周朝用更实用的烹饪和储藏工具取代了酒器。因此，最有可能属于周朝的是一个有很多青铜炊具的古代厨房。故选D。]
8．B [文章出处题。根据全文内容，尤其第一段“...this exhibition features discoveries that will fundamentally change visitors’ understanding...”可知，本文主要介绍了中国古代青铜文化的发展、特点及其在社会政治生活中的重要地位，因此，这篇文章最有可能摘自一本展览手册。故选B。]
Ⅱ.1.C 2.F 3.D 4.G 5.A
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Lorenzo Amani因为脚伤足球梦中断以后，重新将注意力集中在其他场外兴趣上——在弗吉尼亚理工大学学习，并最终转向了商界，致力于帮助他人。
1．B [science科学；business生意；fashion时尚；sport运动。后文“Amani has founded an athleisure clothing company”提到阿曼尼创立了一家运动休闲服装公司，由此可知此处表示从足球队转到商界。故选B。]
2．D [regular定期的；major主要的；illegal非法的；strict严格的。根据前文“Growing up in a military family”可知，在一个军人家庭长大，阿曼尼经历了频繁的搬家和严格的要求，故选D。]
3．B [appreciate感激；enhance加强；cover覆盖；restrict限制。根据后文“his capacity to handle stress，particularly in sports”可知，此处指频繁的搬家和严格的要求增强了他处理压力的能力，尤其是在运动方面。故选B。]
4．C [additionally此外；eventually最后；nevertheless然而；instead相反。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用nevertheless。故选C。]
5．A [stop停止；inspire鼓舞；present展示；interpret解释。根据前文“a career-ending foot injury in his junior year”可知，一场结束他职业生涯的脚伤阻止了他的足球梦。故选A。]
6．D [recall回想起；remove去除；repeat重复；refocus使重新集中。根据后文“his attention on other off-field interests—studying at Virginia Tech”以及前文提到他的足球梦中断了，可知阿曼尼重新将注意力集中在其他场外兴趣上——在弗吉尼亚理工大学学习。故选D。]
7．C [refer to参考；sum up总结；compete in参加比赛；contrast with与……形成对比。根据前文“Student athletes at the time didn’t really study abroad”可知，学生运动员没有出国的原因是忙着比赛。故选C。]
8．B [normal正常的；fantastic极好的，奇妙的；relevant有关的；adventurous冒险的。根据后文“taught me that we’re all a lot more alike than we are”可知，这次经历教会了他人生道理，所以是奇妙的。故选B。]
9．D [popular受欢迎的；attractive吸引人的；familiar熟悉的；different不同的。根据前文“we’re all a lot more alike than we are”可知，与相似之处对应的是不同之处。故选D。]
10．A [assist帮助；satisfy满足；inform通知；ignore忽视。根据后文“others facing the same ________ from...”并结合语境可知，此处指阿曼尼决定帮助其他同样面临转型的人。故选A。]
11．D [strategy策略；choice选择；structure结构；transformation改观，转换。根据后文“from college athletics to academics and careers post-college”可知，此处指职业的转换。故选D。]
12．C [convention传统；examination考试；challenge挑战；attitude态度。根据后文“fewer than 2 percent of student athletes go on to be professional athletes”可知，只有不到2%的学生运动员能成为职业运动员，这说明许多运动员面对难以克服的挑战。故选C。]
13．B [barrier障碍；commitment承诺；assumption假定；adaptation改编。根据后文“to contributing a portion of its profits to organizations that offer education training to minorities”可知，此处指公司承诺将部分利润捐给为少数民族提供教育培训的组织。故选B。]
14．A [guide指导；appreciate感激；persuade说服；remind提醒。根据后文“helping develop their leadership skills and financial literacy”可知，他仍然致力于指导个人，帮助发展他们的领导技能和金融知识。故选A。]
15．C [check检查；recognize认出；hug拥抱；observe观察。根据后文“setbacks bravely”和前文对阿曼尼的经历的描写可知，此处指只要我们勇敢地拥抱挫折，我们不仅可以改变自己的世界，也可以改变别人的世界。故选C。]
Ⅳ.1.an 2.discovered 3.as 4.be affected 5.its 6.works
7．Possessing 8.expressive 9.Where 10.highly选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Seated at the grand piano in MIT’s Killian Hall last fall，first-year student Jacqueline Wang played one piece of Mozart’s music.When she’d finished，Mi-Eun Kim，a pianist and lecturer at MIT，asked her to move to the back of the hall.Kim ①tapped at an iPad.Suddenly，the music Wang had just played poured forth again from the piano—its keys sinking and rising just as they had with Wang’s fingers on them.Wang stood with a confused expression，taking in a repeat of her own performance.
This unusual lesson took place during a three-week residency(驻留期) of the Steinway Spirior，a piano that obtains the data of live performances and offers students new possibilities for studying and experimenting with music.
Wang was one of several participants to have the experience of hearing herself play while watching the data of her performance move up and down across a screen：color-coded rectangles(矩形) indicating the speed and duration of each note，and a moving line ②charting her use of the damper pedal(阻尼踏板)．Wang could even edit her own performance when Kim suggested her rhythmic use of the pedal might be unnecessary.Using the iPad ③interface to erase the pedaling entirely，they listened to the playback again，the notes gaining new clarity.
For Wang，the session introduced an element she’d never experienced since beginning her piano studies.The visual display of how long each key was played and with what speed gave her a more precise demonstration of the ideas of voicing and evenness.
Playing the piano is one of the most complex activities that humans do with their hands.Some people might think the new technology will replace the pianist.In Kim’s view，that human complexity is complemented by this kind of technical possibility.But it doesn’t mean all of the things that go into learning music will be abandoned.It’s going to be an ④invaluable third partner：the student，the teacher，and the Spirior.It’s going to play a necessary role in lots of musical efforts.
1．What happened after Jacqueline Wang finished her performance
A. Her teacher played a piece of music to compete against her.
B．She got her performance reviewed on the Spirior.
C．She was asked to comment on her performance.
D．Her teacher instructed her to improve her skills.
2．What can we say about the new piano technology
A. It is difficult to operate.
B．It needs to be more intelligent.
C．It might reveal users’ privacy.
D．It is beneficial for students’ learning.
3．What does the author intend to express in the last paragraph
A. The music world is full of uncertainties.
B．Technology cannot replace human pianists.
C．There won’t be fiercer competition among pianists.
D．Pianists should be updated with the latest technology.
4．What can be the best title for the text
A. Making Full Use of MIT’s Program
B．The Evolution of Musical Instruments
C．Exploring Music with the Steinway Spirior
D．The Challenges of Learning a New Instrument
语境猜词 ①tap(转)n.→v.____________________ ②chart(熟义：n.图表) 生义(文义)：____________________ ③interface(派)＝inter＋face ____________________ ④invaluable(派)＝in＋valuable ____________________
B
Educational optimists predict that AI will soon provide amazing efficiencies and progress in teaching and learning.But are efficiency and machine logic what our students need most
It’s certainly true that AI is a wonderful new tool dramatically transforming human life.AI is improving in speed and scope to recognize patterns in extremely complex data sets of all types，allowing it to make predictions about what might come next，whether it might be a purchase from a customer，a word in a sentence，a sound in spoken language，or countless other processes.AI can answer specific complex questions or perform complex calculations at a rate impossible for the human mind to comprehend，let alone compete with.It can also create images and speeches which not only imitate reality but surpass it to meet programmed standards of excellence.
However，although these may be helpful to adults seeking to improve productivity，it is necessary to follow G．K.Chesterton’s advice that children should not be subjected to educational projects and ideas younger than they are.Allowing students to avoid traditional learning methods with AI will have uncertain and potentially harmful results.The same could be true of educators’ dependence on AI for student assessment and lesson planning.In education at least，it is quite possible that AI will work against natural human development and provide not a shortcut to human formation but a short circuit.
Despite AI’s influence，traditional learning and writing assignments are crucial for promoting learning and cognitive development.Homework，similar to music practice，teaches discipline and skills essential for personal ①growth and future success.Deceptive(欺骗性的) practices harm genuine learning，spoiling students’ ②competitiveness in an AI-dominated job market.③Reliance on AI-generated content weakens critical thinking and creativity，damaging students’ intellectual growth.Moreover，it devalues the role of teachers in guiding students’ development.In contrast，real engagement with homework cultivates invaluable human qualities essential in an AI-driven world，ensuring students’ competitive advantage and overall development.
5．Which best describes AI according to paragraph 2
A．Unavoidable. B．Dangerous.
C．Time-consuming. D．Life-changing.
6．What’s the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 3
A. To argue against the involvement of AI in education.
B．To clarify the role of AI in promoting efficiency.
C．To explore the possibility of applying AI to study.
D．To present educators’ reliance on AI in class.
7．What does the author say about traditional learning methods
A. They are out of date now.
B．They have a fair reason to stay.
C．They make students less competitive.
D．They weaken students’ overall development.
8．What would be a suitable title for the text
A．The Rise of AI
B．The Role of Traditional Learning
C．Do Students Really Need AI
D．Does AI Help with Productivity
语境猜词 ①growth(派)＝grow＋th ____________________ ②competitiveness(派)＝compet(e→i)＋tive＋ness ____________________ ③reliance(派)＝rel(y→i)＋ance ____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·河南新乡二模)
We watch our salt and fat ①intake to protect our hearts.We exercise and take calcium to protect our bones.We use sunscreen to protect our skin. 1 A lot.We asked experts what lifestyle steps people should be taking to protect their vision and eye health.
Invest in quality sunglasses.Protecting the eyes from ultraviolet rays(紫外线) is very important. 2 To shield your eyes，wear sunglasses certified to block out 99 to 100 per cent of UVA and UVB rays.
3 You don’t have to be doing construction work or factory work to need protective ②eyewear.Gardening，yardwork，home repairs and sports all pose the risk of trauma(损伤) to the eyes.It’s estimated that up to 90 per cent of sports-related eye injuries are actually preventable with proper eye protection.Experts recommend wearing sports or safety glasses with poly-carbonate lenses，which are a type of plastic that will not easily shatter or break.
Take a break from screens. 4 But staring at a screen can leave eyes fatigued(疲惫的) and may blur vision.Experts suggest following the 20-20-20 rule：Every 20 minutes，take a break and look at something about 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
Get your eyes checked regularly.That means having your eyes tested by an optometrist or health care provider every one to two years.Don’t forget to see an eye specialist for a ③checkup regularly，if possible. 5
A．Stay away from dangerous work.
B．Wear safety glasses when needed.
C．But how can we protect our eyes from screen
D．But what can we do to protect our eyes all year round
E．Not all eye problems are noticeable，and all are best treated when found early.
F．It’s one of the biggest things in our environment to have an impact on the eyes.
G．There’s no scientific evidence that the light from electronic screens damages eyes.
语境猜词 ①intake(合)＝in＋take ②eyewear(合)＝eye＋wear ③checkup(合)＝check＋up
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
In Las Vegas，one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading has led to the creation of a groundbreaking approach in educational technology.Meet Dave Vinzant，father to 8-year-old Aubrie，who 1 difficulties in reading at school.
“It was about ①halfway through the first grade that we realized she couldn’t 2 ，” said Vinzant.Despite their efforts， 3 methods weren’t bringing about the desired results.“The 4 level was really high，” Vinzant recalled.“After an hour of trying to get through a 10－15 page little book，she was 5 .”
Determined to find a solution，Vinzant took matters into his own hands.Although 6 a ②background in computer programming，he made up his mind to develop a tool that could effectively 7 his daughter.The result A free 8 called WordStumble.
WordStumble isn’t 9 any reading app powered by artificial intelligence.The program customizes(定制) stories for each user.“What is 10 is that it can take all of those words that she knows or struggles with and it 11 a customized children’s story，” Vinzant explained.
For Vinzant，the success of WordStumble isn’t just 12 ； he wants to share with others.With his dedication and innovation，Vinzant is not only changing the landscape of reading apps but also giving 13 to countless parents and children facing similar challenges.And as WordStumble continues to 14 ，it’s clear that the power of one person’s passion can make a world of 15 for young learners everywhere.
1．A.dealt with B．ran into
C．got through D．brought about
2．A.smile B．read
C．respond D．jog
3．A.scientific B．alternative
C．creative D．traditional
4．A.surprise B．regret
C．frustration D．pleasure
5．A.crying B．joking
C．dancing D．singing
6．A.providing B．ensuring
C．lacking D．requiring
7．A.persuade B．assist
C．amuse D．rescue
8．A.brochure B．textbook
C．advertisement D．application
9．A.still B．also
C．even D．simply
10．A.familiar B．magical
C．reasonable D．strange
11．A.returns B．remembers
C．spreads D．recalls
12．A.initial B．popular
C．personal D．convenient
13．A.courage B．determination
C．hope D．imagination
14．A.improve B．survive
C．transform D．perform
15．A.instruction B．task
C．memory D．difference
语境猜词 ①halfway(合)＝half＋way ____________________ ②background(合)＝back＋ground ____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·河北保定二模)
The Three Mountains (Fragrant Hills，Jade Spring Hill and Longevity Hill) and Five Gardens (Jingming Garden，Jingyi Garden，the Summer Palace，Changchun Garden and Yuanmingyuan) represent the rich cultural and historical heritage of Beijing.1.____________________(primary) serving as leisure places 2.____________________ emperors and their family could relax and entertain，they are now ①treasured as sites of natural beauty as well as repositories(存放处) of the nation’s historical and cultural heritage.
Many important cultural items that 3.____________________(house) in the Three Mountains and Five Gardens were lost in the last century.But recently,69 important long-lost cultural relics(文物) have been recreated 4.____________________ digital form and are now being presented to the public.This is an achievement of the “Three Mountains and Five Gardens Dispersed(流散的) Cultural Relics ②Three-dimensional Database Construction Project”，5.____________________(lead) by Wu Xiaomin，the director of the Yuanmingyuan Research Center.
The completion of these 69 digital cultural relic models is the result of cooperative efforts 6._____________(involve) many volunteers both at home and abroad.“We ③reached out to scholars and artists in France，as well as overseas students，and asked them to help 7._____________(we) gather information about the dispersed cultural relics，” Wu says.
The project has created a digital museum that provides a comprehensive and 8.__________(system) exhibition of dispersed cultural relics in seven 9._________(category)．Each artwork is accompanied by 10._______________ unique mini-program.With technologies such as virtual reality，the exhibition hall offers visitors an experience of close-up appreciation of the items.
语境猜词 ①treasure(转)n.→v.____________________ ②three-dimensional(合)＝three＋dimensional ____________________ ③reach out to ____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①轻敲 ②v.记录 ③n.界面 ④adj.极宝贵的
B．①n.发展；成长 ②n.竞争力 ③n.依赖；依靠
Ⅱ.①n.摄入量，吸入量 ②n.眼镜防护；护目镜 ③n.审查，检查；健康检查
Ⅲ.①adv.到一半，在中途 ②n.背景；学历
Ⅳ.①珍视 ②adj.三维的 ③(主动)联系
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院 MIT 使用的一台特殊钢琴——Steinway Spirior，它能够通过获取现场表演的数据，为学生提供学习和实验音乐的新可能性。
1．B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Seated at the grand piano in MIT’s Killian Hall last fall，...as they had with Wang’s fingers on them.”、第二段以及第三段中的“Wang was one of several participants...and a moving line charting her use of the damper pedal (阻尼踏板)．”可知，当Jacqueline Wang演奏完莫扎特的音乐后，她的老师Mi-Eun Kim请她走到大厅后面，并用iPad使Spirior钢琴再次播放了她刚刚演奏的音乐。这个钢琴能够获取现场表演的数据，并在屏幕上展示这些数据，如彩色编码的矩形表示每个音符的速度和持续时间，以及一条移动线记录了她使用阻尼踏板的情况。因此，Wang的表演在Spirior钢琴上得到了回顾。故选B。]
2．D [推理判断题。根据第四段中“The visual display of how long each key was played and with what speed gave her a more precise demonstration of the ideas of voicing and evenness.”以及最后一段中的“In Kim’s view，that human complexity is complemented by this kind of technical possibility...It’s going to play a necessary role in lots of musical efforts.”可知，Steinway Spirior这架钢琴的特殊功能能够使学生更精确地了解自己的演奏情况，从而有助于他们的学习。故选D。]
3．B [推理判断题。根据最后一段尤其最后三句可知，本段表明作者认为技术虽然提供了新的可能性，但它并不能取代人类钢琴家的角色。故选B。]
4．C [标题归纳题。根据第二段“This unusual lesson took place during a three-week residency(驻留期) of the Steinway Spirior，a piano that obtains the data of live performances and offers students new possibilities for studying and experimenting with music.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要围绕Steinway Spirior这架特殊的钢琴展开，介绍了它的功能以及它如何为学生提供学习和实验音乐的新可能性。特别是在最后一段，文章明确提到了这架钢琴将在音乐学习中发挥重要的作用。C项“Exploring Music with the Steinway Spirior”正好捕捉了文章的核心内容。故选C。]
语篇解读 本文为一篇议论文，探讨了学生是否需要借助人工智能来学习。
5．D [推理判断题。根据第二段首句“It’s certainly true that AI is a wonderful new tool dramatically transforming human life.”及下文描述人工智能的作用可知，本段描述了人工智能改变人们的生活。故选D。]
6．A [写作意图题。第三段描述了人工智能在教育领域的可能危害，尤其是根据末句“In education at least，it is quite possible that AI will work against natural human development and provide not a shortcut to human formation but a short circuit.”可知，作者反对人工智能参与教育。故选A。]
7．B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Despite AI’s influence，traditional learning and writing assignments are crucial for promoting learning and cognitive development.”及“In contrast...ensuring students’ competitive advantage and overall development.”可知，作者认为传统的学习方法有着充分的理由被保留下来。故选B。]
8．C [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文第一段引出论点——学生真的需要人工智能来学习吗？后文围绕这一论点展开，所以选项C为最佳标题。故选C。]
Ⅱ.1.D 2.F 3.B 4.G 5.E
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位父亲为了帮助女儿赶上学校的阅读学习，为女儿开发了一款帮助阅读的应用程序的故事。
1．B [deal with处理；run into遭遇；get through熬过；bring about引起。根据上文“one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading”可知，他的女儿遭遇了阅读困难。故选B。]
2．B [smile微笑；read阅读；respond回答；jog慢跑。根据上文“one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading”可知，他的女儿在阅读方面有困难，故选B。]
3．D [scientific科学的；alternative可供选择的；creative有创造力的；traditional传统的。根据上文“one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading has led to the creation of a groundbreaking approach in educational technology”可知，传统的方法没有带来预期的结果，由此出现了创新的方法。故选D。]
4．C [surprise惊讶；regret后悔；frustration挫败；pleasure快乐。根据上文“Despite their efforts，________ methods weren’t bringing about the desired results.”可知，他们没有达到预期的结果，所以会有挫败感。故选C。]
5．A [cry哭；joke开玩笑；dance跳舞；sing唱歌。根据上文“Despite their efforts，________ methods weren’t bringing about the desired results.”可知，在艰难读完10－15页的书时，由于没达到预期的结果，女儿感到沮丧，于是哭了。故选A。]
6．C [provide提供；ensure确保；lack缺乏；require要求。根据上文中“Although”和下文中“made up his mind”可知，此处指他虽然缺乏计算机编程的教育背景，但还是下定决心开发一种工具。故选C。]
7．B [persuade劝说；assist帮助；amuse使开心；rescue营救。根据上文“one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading”可知，此处指他想开发一个能够有效帮助女儿的工具。故选B。]
8．D [brochure小册子；textbook教科书；advertisement广告；application应用程序。根据下文“any reading app powered by artificial intelligence”可知，他开发的是一个应用程序。故选D。]
9．D [still仍然；also也；even甚至；simply仅仅。根据下文“The program customizes(定制)stories for each user.”可知，这款应用程序不仅帮助阅读，还可以为每一位使用者量身打造。故选D。]
10．B [familiar熟悉的；magical神奇的；reasonable合理的；strange奇怪的。根据下文“it can take all of those words that she knows or struggles with and it _________a customized children’s story”可知，这款应用程序能把女儿知道的或不懂的所有单词编造成故事。由此推知，这款应用很神奇。故选B。]
11．A [return返回；remember记得；spread传播；recall回想起。根据上文“The program customizes(定制) stories for each user.”可知，这款应用程序可以用这些词返还女儿一个定制化的故事。此处return与前面的take相对应。故选A。]
12．C [initial开始的；popular受欢迎的；personal个人的；convenient方便的。根据下文“he wants to share with others”可知，他想与他人分享，即他认为WordStumble的成功不是个人的。故选C。]
13．C [courage勇气；determination决心；hope希望；imagination想象。根据上文“For Vinzant，the success of WordStumble isn’t just ________； he wants to share with others.”可知，他想和大家分享这款阅读应用程序，这给那些面临类似挑战的父母和孩子带来希望。故选C。]
14．A [improve改进；survive幸存；transform转换；perform执行。根据上文“And as WordStumble continues to”及常识可知，应用程序会不断改进。故选A。]
15．D [instruction指示；task任务；memory记忆力；difference不同。根据语境可知，他为阅读有困难的孩子开发了一款应用程序，帮助孩子们阅读，为他们的生活带来极大的不同。故选D。]
Ⅳ.1.Primarily 2.where 3.were housed/had been housed 4.in 5.led 6.involving 7.us 8.systematic 9.categories 10.a选择性必修第三册 Unit 5 Learning from nature
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分17.5分)
A
(2024·广东惠州一模)
Teen volunteer opportunities are the best way to learn the values of responsibility and enhance problem-solving skills.Here are a few volunteer opportunities for you to take up.
Care for pets
Animal shelters and homeless shelters are the best places for animal lovers.A typical day volunteering at an animal shelter would involve helping with the ①adoption process，feeding animals and cleaning up after animals.
Participate in a beach clean-up
Teens can associate with a local environmental organization for a beach preservation.This is a great way to learn about ecology and contribute to its improvement in a ②hands-on manner.The opportunity involves outdoor activities and is a good platform to connect with green ③advocates.
Volunteer at a summer camp
A job as a “Counselor-in-Training” is a great fit for teens.It teaches them organization skills by training under experts.Teenagers can learn communication skills and benefit from the real-time feedback from children and parents.It is also an excellent opportunity to learn outdoor support skills，such as CPR and first aid.
Volunteer at a local hospital
Local hospitals are always ④on the lookout for a helping hand.Whether it’s chatting with residents，greeting visitors or transporting patients to the cafeteria，a little help goes a long way! A few hospitals may have an age limit and require volunteers to get basic training and commit their time each week.
1．Which volunteer opportunity suits environmentalists best
A．Care for pets.
B．Volunteer at a local hospital.
C．Participate in a beach clean-up.
D．Volunteer at a summer camp.
2．How can volunteers benefit from a job at a summer camp
A. They can receive guidance from biologists.
B．They can progress in academic performance.
C．They can gain independence in outdoor activities.
D．They can acquire essential emergency medical skills.
3．What is special about volunteering at a local hospital
A．It welcomes volunteers of all ages.
B．It may call for weekly time devotion.
C．It may involve interactions with doctors.
D．It demands previous experience.
语境猜词 ①adoption(派)＝adopt＋ion ____________________ ②hands-on(合)＝hands＋on ____________________ ③advocate(转)v.→n.____________________ ④on the lookout for____________________
B
(2025·山东菏泽模拟预测)
Where does the inspiration come from Photographer Levon Biss got it when looking at beetles from his garden.He recently bought a microscope for his son.For fun，they placed a beetle under the lens.“It blew me away，” Biss recalls.“It was beautiful.” He wondered if he could capture that beauty in a photograph.
Until then，Biss had made a career as a commercial photographer.Insects gave his work a new goal.Around the world，insect populations are in decline because of pesticides(杀虫剂)，habitat loss，and climate change.Biss thought that if people could see what he saw through his son’s microscope，they would care more about protecting insects.“I’ve got a ①photographic technique and a skill，” he says.“If I can do this，I should use it for a better purpose.”
Biss turned to a type of photography that involves taking ②close-up pictures of small things，like flowers or bugs.His pictures show the insects in all their wonderful，microscopic detail.What is more wonderful is that Biss blows them up into larger-than-life images to be displayed in his exhibitions.Some are eight feet tall.
In 2016，Biss exhibited his first insect project，Microsculpture.That’s a scientific term.For his latest exhibition，Extinct and Endangered，Biss photographed bugs from the collection at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City.With the help of the museum’s scientists，he selected bugs that were either extinct or endangered.“It’s a humbling experience，when you’re holding an insect that’s extinct，” Biss says.“The human species is responsible for the current insect crisis.It’s sad to know this insect will never be on this planet again.”
Biss hopes his photographs will get people thinking the same way.“The way I work is through pictures.I communicate visually in the way a writer communicates through words，” he says.“Hopefully，these pictures can shake things up and get people to pay attention.”
4．What inspired Biss to take pictures of insects
A．His job as a photographer.
B．The insect’s beauty he found.
C．The microscope he had bought.
D．His dream to hold an exhibition.
5．What does the underlined phrase “a better purpose” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Taking close-up pictures.
B．Practicing his relevant skills.
C．Encouraging people to protect insects.
D．Passing on knowledge about endangered insects.
6．What can we infer about Biss’ latest exhibition
A. It was held in the American Museum of Natural History.
B．Its theme was microsculpture.
C．It was completed by Biss alone.
D．Its pictures were much larger than normal insects.
7．What is the best title for the text
A. A New Way to Take Pictures
B．Appreciate Insects in Detail
C．Achievements Biss Has Made
D．Learn More About Insects’ Present Situation
语境猜词 ①photographic(派)＝photograph＋ic ____________________ ②close-up(合)＝close＋up ____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·浙江金丽衢十二校二模)
Hard work has been part of every laureate’s journey towards the Nobel Prize.There are many examples.Fran oise Barré-Sinoussi spent time in the lab on the morning of her wedding.After Michael Brown’s first daughter was born，he went straight back to discuss the next day’s experiments.Early-career scientists often ask laureates(获奖者) about work-life balance. 1
Spend time with your family and friends.Many laureates stress the value of maintaining personal relationships.Doctor Brian Kobilka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 2 However，despite a heavy ①workload，he also made time for his family.As Brian Kobilka explains，family provides essential support.
Sleep well at night. 3 It is therefore tempting to finish work before health-promoting activities.However，this is a trap which Oliver Smithies advises against.Not only is sleep needed to stay healthy，but your brain needs sleep to function at full capacity，so you can generate ideas and solve problems.
4 Family，work and sleep are all important to a scientist’s success.But they don’t all have to be a constant focus.Sometimes it will be important to avoid maintaining everything at a high level.Don’t be daunted by the idea you have to do everything perfectly at once—you can have a different focus at different times.
Don’t work too hard.Ultimately，working too hard won’t be beneficial.Not only do you risk ②burning yourself out，but you are also restricted in your thinking.Taking time away from work can allow you to approach problems in a new way. 5 Laureates often point out that working long hours doesn’t always lead to efficiency.
A．My solutions may be of some help.
B．Their answers can be enlightening.
C．Focus on different aspects of your life.
D．Never hesitate to bravely rise to challenge.
E．Sleep，exercise and eating well can all conflict with working long hours.
F．He would ③moonlight in an emergency room as well as working in the lab.
G．Going for a walk，for example，gives you the chance to take a step back and see things differently.
语境猜词 ①workload(合)＝work＋load ②burn oneself out ③moonlight(转)n.→v.
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·广东梅州一模)
Dawn Loggins didn’t have a typical senior year.Back in 2012，Loggins was waking up early to get to school to put in a before-school 1 as a janitor(清洁工)．
Before the rest of her peers 2 school，Loggins was cleaning bathrooms，scrubbing floors，and 3 down the very desks she would 4 later in the day as a student.After 7 hours at school，Loggins didn’t get to 5 home to enjoy an after-school snack or ①downtime either. 6 ，she ②clocked back in for another two-hour time on janitorial duty.
“I don’t mind cleaning，” Loggins said.“If you have to walk through trash to get to your desk，you’re not going to have an environment that 7 learning.”
While the teen was clearly hard-working，it wasn’t immediately obvious to school officials how badly Loggins 8 the financial support her job provided，until she asked her boss for 9 one day.The reason Without electricity at home.
Even more shocking，while Loggins was at summer school，she 10 calling home，only to find out the phones had been 11 and her parents had moved away—without her.And she became 12 .When the school realized the extent of the neglect Loggins had been living with，they surrounded her with 13 .The community took her in，providing her with housing and food and clothing and helping her to apply for college.
And the efforts 14 ：Loggins was accepted into Harvard University.Today she works as a motivational speaker，speaking to 15 that include education，homelessness，and women and youth empowerment.
1．A.gift B．shift
C．practice D．study
2．A.forced into B．fit into
C．fell into D．rolled into
3．A.wiping B．falling
C．dropping D．welling
4．A.equip B．occupy
C．make D．bother
5．A.come B．lead
C．head D．leave
6．A.Therefore B．Instead
C．However D．Besides
7．A.encourages B．happens
C．appoints D．troubles
8．A.used B．spent
C．cost D．needed
9．A.candles B．toys
C．lights D．sweets
10．A.finished B．delayed
C．considered D．tried
11．A.disconnected B．stolen
C．spoiled D．misguided
12．A.sick B．blind
C．lonely D．homeless
13．A.hope B．advice
C．support D．courage
14．A.came true B．counted on
C．paid off D．let out
15．A.majors B．issues
C．challenges D．problems
语境猜词 ①downtime(合)＝down＋time ____________________ ②clock(熟义：n.钟表) 生义(文义)：____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·湖南长沙一模)
Recently，New Dragon Gate Inn，a fascinating Shaoxing Opera show,1._____(become) a ①hit.
2．____________________ traditional Shaoxing Opera，which often draws inspiration from ancient scripts(剧本) and folk legends，New Dragon Gate Inn is based on a film with a significant fan base and is adapted 3.____________________(suit) the current context and the feature of the Shaoxing Opera in a better manner.For instance，the character Jia transforms from 4.____________________ elderly figure in the film into a charming young man.This is in line with the characteristics of a young kunsheng(坤生) role，or a female actor 5.____________________ takes a reversed(反串的) role in Shaoxing Opera.
The show is ②staged in a 6.____________________ (special) designed studio theater，where the audience sits very close to the performers,7.____________________ (engage) with them and immersing(使沉浸) themselves in a unique viewing experience.According to a performer in the show，having the audience closer to the performers allows them to appreciate more and finer 8.____________________(detail)．There are also many improvised(即兴的) interactions with the audience 9.____________________(make) by the performers，making each performance unique.
“Today，we are putting in great efforts to make Shaoxing Opera more 10.__________(access) and relatable to the younger generation，” the performer added.“This is with the hope that operas can become a lifestyle.”
语境猜词 ①hit(熟义：v.打，击) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②stage(转)n.→v.____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①n.收养；领养 ②adj.亲自实践的；实际动手操作的 ③拥护者；提倡者 ④寻找；留心
B．①adj.摄影的，照片的 ②n.特写镜头，特写
Ⅱ.①n.工作量，工作负担 ②筋疲力尽 ③从事第二职业；(暗中)兼职
Ⅲ.①n.停工，休息 ②v.打卡
Ⅳ.①n.很受欢迎的人(或事物) ②上演，演出
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了几种适合青少年的志愿者机会，包括在动物收容所照顾宠物、参与海滩清理、在夏令营做志愿者以及在当地医院做志愿者。
1．C [细节理解题。根据第三段中“Teens can associate with a local environmental organization for a beach preservation.This is a great way to learn about ecology and contribute to its improvement in a hands-on manner.”可知，参加海滩清理活动最适合环境保护主义者。故选C。]
2．D [细节理解题。根据第四段中“It is also an excellent opportunity to learn outdoor support skills，such as CPR and first aid.”可知，在夏令营做志愿者可以学到基本的紧急医疗技能。故选D。]
3．B [细节理解题。根据最后一段中“A few hospitals may have an age limit and require volunteers to get basic training and commit their time each week.”可知，在当地医院做志愿者的特殊之处是可能需要每周投入时间。故选B。]
语篇解读 本文为说明文。文章主要讲述了摄影师Levon Biss如何通过微距摄影展现昆虫的微观美，以此唤起人们对昆虫的保护意识。
4．B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Photographer Levon Biss got it when looking at beetles from his garden.He recently bought a microscope for his son.For fun，they placed a beetle under the lens.‘It blew me away，’ Biss recalls.‘It was beautiful.’ He wondered if he could capture that beauty in a photograph.”可知，Biss拍摄昆虫的灵感来源于他发现的昆虫之美。故选B。]
5．C [词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Biss thought that if people could see what he saw through his son’s microscope，they would care more about protecting insects.‘I’ve got a photographic technique and a skill，’ he says.‘If I can do this，I should use it for a better purpose.’”可知，a better purpose指的是鼓励人们保护昆虫。故选C。]
6．D [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“What is more wonderful is that Biss blows them up into larger-than-life images to be displayed in his exhibitions.Some are eight feet tall.”可知，Biss的最新展览中的图片比普通昆虫要大很多。故选D。]
7．B [标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中的“His pictures show the insects in all their wonderful，microscopic detail.”和最后一段中的“‘The way I work is through pictures.I communicate visually in the way a writer communicates through words，’ he says.‘Hopefully，these pictures can shake things up and get people to pay attention.’”可知，整篇文章主要讲述了摄影师Levon Biss如何通过微距摄影展现昆虫的微观美，以此唤起人们对昆虫的保护意识。故选B。]
Ⅱ.1.B 2.F 3.E 4.C 5.G
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。Dawn Loggins是一个非常努力的学生，尽管生活条件不好，但通过清洁工作和社区的帮助，她成功被哈佛大学录取，并成为一个激励他人的演讲家。
1．B [gift礼物；shift轮班；practice练习；study学习。根据下文“as a janitor(清洁工)”和“another two hour time on janitorial duty”可知，Dawn Loggins很早就起床去学校，在课前作为清洁工值班。故选B。]
2．D [force into强迫进入；fit into适应，融入；fall into掉入；roll into进入。根据上文“Before the rest of her peers”可知，在其他同学进入学校之前，Loggins已经在工作了。故选D。]
3．A [wipe擦拭；fall落下；drop丢下；well涌出。根据下文“was cleaning bathrooms，scrubbing floors”并结合语境可知，此处指Loggins的工作内容，即打扫浴室、擦地板、擦桌子。故选A。]
4．B [equip装备；occupy占据；make制造；bother打扰。根据上文“the very desks”和下文“in the day as a student”可知，此处指Loggins擦拭她后来作为学生要坐(占据)的桌子。故选B。]
5．C [come来；lead带领；head前往；leave离开。根据下文“she clocked back in for another two-hour time on janitorial duty”可知，Loggins放学后没有立刻回家。故选C。]
6．B [therefore因此；instead相反；however然而；besides除……外。根据上文“Loggins didn’t get to ________ home to enjoy an after-school snack or downtime either.”和下文“she clocked back in for another two-hour time on janitorial duty”可知，在学校待了7个小时后，Loggins没有回家享受放学后的零食或休息时间，相反，她又回去打卡做了两个小时的清洁工作。故选B。]
7．A [encourage鼓励，促进；happen发生；appoint任命；trouble困扰。根据上文“If you have to walk through trash to get to your desk”可知，Loggins认为，如果必须穿过垃圾才能到达课桌，你就不会有一个有利于学习的环境。故选A。]
8．D [use使用；spend花费；cost花费；need需要。根据下文“the financial support”可知，学校职员并没有立即看出Loggins需要她的工作提供经济支持。故选D。]
9．A [candle蜡烛；toy玩具；light灯；sweet糖果。根据下文“Without electricity at home.”可知，因为家里没电，所以Loggins向雇主要蜡烛。故选A。]
10．D [finish完成；delay延迟；consider考虑；try尝试。根据下文“calling home，only to find out...”可知，Loggins在暑期学校的时候，她试着给家里打电话。故选D。]
11．A [disconnect断开连接；steal偷；spoil宠溺；misguide误导。根据下文“her parents had moved away—without her”可知，Loggins的父母搬家没有带上她，因此她与父母失去了联系。故选A。]
12．D [sick生病的；blind失明的；lonely孤独的；homeless无家可归的。根据上文“her parents had moved away—without her”可知，她的父母搬家没有带上她，所以她无家可归。故选D。]
13．C [hope希望；advice建议；support支持；courage勇气。根据下文“The community took her in，providing her with housing and food and clothing and helping her to apply for college.”可知，此处指学校为她提供支持。故选C。]
14．C [come true实现；count on依赖；pay off取得成功；let out放出。根据下文“Loggins was accepted into Harvard University”可知，大家的付出得到了回报。故选C。]
15．B [major专业；issue问题；challenge挑战；problem问题。根据上文“Today she works as a motivational speaker”和下文“that include education，homelessness，and women and youth empowerment”可知，她是一名励志演说家，就教育、无家可归、妇女和青年赋权等问题发表演讲。故选B。]
Ⅳ.1.has become 2.Unlike 3.to suit 4.an 5.who/that 6.specially 7.engaging 8.details 9.made 10.accessible选择性必修第三册 Unit 6 Nature in words
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Do you want to ensure your child hits their expected developmental ①milestones New UBC research suggests living in areas with high exposure to green space can help set them up for success.
For the study，the researchers at UBC analyzed the developmental scores of 27,372 children in Metro Vancouver who attended kindergarten between 2005 and 2011.They estimated the amount of green space around each child’s residence from birth to age five.They also assessed levels of traffic-related air pollution and community noise.
The results highlight the fundamental importance of natural green spaces like street trees，parks and community gardens.“Most of the children were doing well in their development，in terms of language skills，cognitive(认知的) capacity，②socialization and other outcomes，” says Ingrid Jarvis，a PhD candidate in the Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences at UBC.“But what’s interesting is that those children living in a residential location with more vegetation and richer natural environments showed better overall development than their peers with less green space.”
According to the researchers，the reason for this is partly green spaces’ ability to reduce the harmful effects of air pollution and noise—environmental challenges that have been shown to adversely(不利地) affect children’s health and development through increased stress，sleep disturbances and central nervous system damage.“Few studies have investigated this pathway linking green space and developmental outcomes among children，” adds Jarvis.
The researchers assessed early childhood development using the Early Development Instrument (EDI)，a survey completed by kindergarten teachers for each child.The tool measures a child’s ability to meet age-appropriate developmental expectations.
“More research is needed，but our findings suggest that urban planning efforts to increase green space in ③residential neighbourhoods and around schools are beneficial to early childhood development，with potential health benefits throughout life，” says the study’s senior author Matilda Bosch.“Time in nature can benefit everyone，but if we want our children to have a good head start，it’s important to provide an enriching environment through nature contact.”
1．Which is a key factor in the researchers’ study
A．The kids’ scores from school exams.
B．The average IQ score of the subjects.
C．The green space where the kids lived.
D．The air pollution level of the whole city.
2．What’s the message implied in paragraph 4
A. Air pollution is largely to blame for kids’ failures.
B．Kids living in a noisy area tend to feel more stressed.
C．Pollution harms kids’ nervous system more than noise.
D．Green space is directly linked to kids’ mental development.
3．What does Matilda Bosch stress in the last paragraph
A. The importance of nature in kids’ growth.
B．The role of research in scientific work.
C．The proper way of giving a good start to kids.
D．The urgency of expanding green space in cities.
4．What could be a suitable title for the text
A. What Are the Health Effects of Noise Pollution
B．Green Space：a Guarantee for Kids’ Future Success
C．Urban Green Space and Its Impact on Human Health
D．Time in Nature Aids Early Childhood Development
语境猜词 ①milestone(合)＝mile＋stone ____________________ ②socialization(派)＝social＋ization ____________________ ③residential(派)＝resident＋ial ____________________
B
(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.If you’re lucky，there might be a pocket park near where you live，but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans，but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.
The research team focused on a large urban park.They surveyed several hundred ①park-goers，asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.The researchers then examined these submissions，②coding experiences into different categories.For example，one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”．
Across the 320 submissions，a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge.After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors.These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water，and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a ③usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.For example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the ④human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn，a senior author of the study.
5．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text
A．Pocket parks are now popular.
B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C．Many cities are ⑤overpopulated.
D．People enjoy living close to nature.
6．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories
A．To compare different types of park-goers.
B．To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C．To analyze the main features of the park.
D．To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries.
7．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5
A. Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C．The same nature experience takes different forms.
D．The nature language enhances work performance.
8．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn
A．Language study.
B．Environmental conservation.
C．Public education.
D．⑥Intercultural communication.
语境猜词 ①park-goer(合)＝park＋goer ____________________ ②code(熟义：n.密码，暗码) 生义(文义)：____________________ ③usable(派)＝us(e)＋able ____________________ ④human-nature(合)＝human＋nature ____________________ ⑤overpopulated(合)＝over＋populated ____________________ ⑥intercultural(合)＝inter＋cultural ____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·湖南邵阳二模)
Coral reefs are the rainforests of the ocean.They exist on vast scales and are equally important havens(避风港) of biodiversity.Reefs occupy 0.1% of the oceans. 1
2 Without the protection which reefs afford from crashing waves，low-lying islands such as the Maldives would have flooded long ago，and a billion people would lose food or income.However，reefs are under threat from rising sea temperatures.Heat causes the algae(海藻) with which corals are living together to generate toxins(毒素) that force those coral to leave.This can cause a coral’s death.
Research groups around the world are coming up with plans of action to see if that will help，such as identifying naturally ①heat-resistant corals and ②cross-breeding such corals to create a new type. 3 Without carbon reduction and decline in local，coral-killing pollution，even resistant corals will not survive the century.
Doubters doubt humanity will get its act together in time to make much difference. 4 Carbon targets are being set and ocean pollution is being dealt with.Countries that share responsibilities for reefs are starting to act together.Scientific workarounds can also be found.Natural currents can be applied to facilitate mass breeding.Sites of the greatest ecological and economical importance can be identified to maximize bang for buck.
This mix of natural activity and human intervention is important. 5 Hard-core greens—those who think that all habitats should be kept unspoiled—may not approve.But when entire ecosystems are facing destruction，the cost of doing nothing is too great to bear.
A．Corals are useful to people.
B．But there are ③grounds for optimism.
C．And they host a quarter of marine species.
D．It could serve as a blueprint for other ecosystems.
E．Coral’s global ecosystem services are worth up to $10trn a year.
F．This research can also be brought to bear on trying to save entire ecosystems.
G．However，the assisted evolution of corals does not meet with universal enthusiasm.
语境猜词 ①heat-resistant(合)＝heat＋resistant ②cross-breed(合)＝cross＋breed ③ground(熟义：n.地，地面) 生义(文义)：
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·河北邯郸三模)
Dr.Francis Collins is one of America’s leading scientists.In an interview，Dr.Collins was asked if there was any special spark or any moment in particular that 1 him to pursue a life of science.Dr.Collins 2 that in fact there was.He said that when he was in high school，on the first day of his first science course，the teacher ①handed each student a box 3 .The boxes were sealed on the outside and hollow on the inside.But each box 4 something.And as young Collins ②turned the box on its side and turned it around，he could 5 something rolling around inside.
What was it The teacher told the students that their 6 was to determine what was inside the box.They could 7 any kind of test or ask any kind of question that would lead them to find out what was inside the box.But they couldn’t 8 the box.They had to first find ways to 9 what was in the box.
“That’s what 10 is，” the teacher carefully 11 ，“being curious，and thinking of questions to ask，until you find out the answer.” Dr.Collins was 12 .He said that that day in class completely 13 his life.From then on，he was 14 to spending a life in science，where his job was to be 15 and ask lots of questions.
1．A.forced B．inspired
C．ordered D．requested
2．A.doubted B．recognized
C．imagined D．replied
3．A.carefully B．hurriedly
C．secretly D．impatiently
4．A.represented B．meant
C．contained D．told
5．A.see B．hear
C．fancy D．monitor
6．A.campaign B．desire
C．ambition D．assignment
7．A.avoid B．design
C．pass D．mark
8．A.open B．roll
C．throw D．hit
9．A.pick up B．draw on
C．figure out D．stick to
10．A.experiment B．science
C．education D．study
11．A.answered B．apologized
C．argued D．explained
12．A.attracted B．confused
C．frightened D．disappointed
13．A.controlled B．improved
C．saved D．changed
14．A.opposed B．exposed
C．committed D．used
15．A.curious B．smart
C．generous D．optimistic
语境猜词 ①hand(转)n.→v.____________________ ②turn sth on its side____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·湖南永州模拟预测)
Dazhai，a village 1.____________________(surround) by mountains on all sides in Guangxi’s Longsheng autonomous county of various ethnic groups，which boasts around 66 square kilometers of terraced(梯田形的) fields that have been cultivated for around 2,300 years，2._________(attract) tens of thousands of visitors every year.Its terraced fields follow 3.____________________ ①landform of the mountains，at heights ranging from 300 to 1,200 meters above sea level.So far，from swiftly flowing river valleys to ②mist-covered mountains，dense forests and steep cliffs，wherever there is water and soil，terraces 4.____________________(dig)．
Those in Dazhai are important 5.____________________(representative) of Longji terracing，a well-known type of terrace that can be found all over the county.The highest tier(层) has more than 1,100 levels，6.____________________(wind) from the foot of the mountain to the top，creating a magnificent landscape 7.____________________ resembles a staircase to the clouds.The largest terrace is no more than an acre 8.____________________ size，while the smallest only accommodates a handful of rice seedlings(秧苗)．
Longji terraces are based on an environmental practice that focuses on harmony between humans and nature 9.____________________ the dynamic balance of forests and fields.They are not just beautiful landscapes but also carriers of Zhuang and Yao culture.
Longji terraces are an important model of ancient Chinese water 10.__________(manage) and agricultural civilization that has been passed down to the present day.Visitors can appreciate the way the Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups have farmed the terraces and how ancestral farming methods have been preserved.
语境猜词 ①landform(合)＝land＋form ____________________ ②mist-covered(合)＝mist＋cover＋ed ____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①n.重要事件，转折点；里程碑 ②n.社会化 ③adj.住宅区的，居民区的
B．①n.去公园消遣的人 ②v.把……编码(或编号) ③adj.能用的，适用的 ④adj.人与自然的 ⑤adj.人口过多的 ⑥adj.不同文化间的
Ⅱ.①adj.抗热的，耐热的 ②v.使杂交，杂交繁育 ③n.充分的理由
Ⅲ.①递 ②把某物翻转过来
Ⅳ.①n.地貌 ②adj.被雾笼罩的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明居住地环境的绿地面积对儿童的早期全面发展有显著的影响。
1．C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They estimated the amount of green space around...They also assessed levels of traffic-related air pollution and community noise.”以及第三段中的“The results highlight the...of natural green spaces...gardens.”可知，研究中的一个关键因素是孩子们居住地的绿地面积。故选C。]
2．B [推理判断题。根据第四段首句“...air pollution and noise—environmental challenges that have been shown to adversely(不利地) affect children’s health and development through increased stress，sleep disturbances and central nervous system damage.”可知，居住地的噪声会加大孩子们的心理压力。故选B。]
3．A [推理判断题。根据最后一段末句“Time in nature can benefit everyone，but if we want our children to have a good head start，it’s important to provide an enriching environment through nature contact.”可知，Matilda Bosch强调了大自然在孩子们的健康成长中所起到的重要作用。故选A。]
4．D [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究表明，居住地环境的绿地面积对儿童的早期全面发展有显著的影响。D项“大自然中的时间有助于儿童早期发展”适合作本文标题。故选D。]
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现城市中的自然景观对人类健康和幸福感具有重要影响。
5．B [细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，文章开头作者讲述了一种现象：在城市里，人们很难找到野生的自然环境。故选B。]
6．D [推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“...a pattern of categories the researchers call a ‘nature language’ began to emerge.”和第五段第一句“Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.”可知，研究人员对参与者提交的重要经历编码分类是为了找到并总结人与自然互动的方式，有助于更好地了解游客们的体验，帮助提高人与自然的互动。]
7．C [推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，命名每一种自然体验创造了一种可用的语言，这有助于人们认识并参与到对自己来说最满意最有意义的活动中，接下来以一个年轻的职场人士参与自然的方式举例，去公园时沿着水边散步让他感到满意，回到市中心工作时他可以通过沿着喷泉散步获得满足。因此推知，从第五段的例子中我们可以知道相同的自然体验可以呈现不同的形式。故选C。]
8．B [推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断，彼得·卡恩认为在我们与大自然互动之前我们应该先要保护自然。故选B。]
Ⅱ.1.C 2.A 3.G 4.B 5.D
Ⅲ.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了柯林斯博士上高中时的一堂科学课，它彻底改变了他的人生轨迹，从那时起他就致力于科学研究。
1．B [force迫使；inspire鼓舞；order命令；request要求。根据上文“any special spark or”以及下文“him to pursue a life of science”并结合最后一段内容可知，柯林斯博士被问及是否有任何特别的火花或任何特别的时刻激励他追求科学。故选B。]
2．D [doubt怀疑；recognize认出；imagine想象；reply回复，回答。根据上文“In an interview，Dr.Collins was asked if”可知，柯林斯博士对该问题回答说，事实上是有的。故选D。]
3．C [carefully认真地；hurriedly匆匆地；secretly秘密地，神秘地；impatiently不耐烦地。根据下文“The teacher told the students that their ________ was to determine what was inside the box.”可知，老师让学生自己去查明盒子里有什么，可推知是神秘地递给每个学生一个盒子。故选C。]
4．C [represent代表；mean 意味着；contain包含；tell告诉。根据下文“And as young Collins turned the box on its side and turned it around，he could ________ something rolling around inside.”可知，每个盒子里都装着东西。故选C。]
5．B [see看；hear听；fancy想象；monitor监测。根据上文“The boxes were sealed”可知，盒子被密封了，所以只能听到里面有东西在滚动。故选B。]
6．D [campaign战役；desire愿望；ambition抱负；assignment任务。根据下文“to determine what was inside the box”可知，老师告诉学生他们的任务是确定盒子里是什么。故选D。]
7．B [avoid避免；design设计，构思；pass通过；mark标记。要弄清楚盒子里面到底是什么，他们可以设计任何一种测试。故选B。]
8．A [open打开；roll滚动；throw扔；hit打击。根据But可知，他们可以用测试或提问的方式，但不能直接打开盒子。故选A。]
9．C [pick up拾起；draw on利用；figure out弄清楚；stick to坚持。根据上文“They could ________ any kind of test or ask any kind of question that would lead them to find out what was inside the box.”可知，他们必须先想办法弄清楚盒子里是什么。故选C。]
10．B [experiment实验；science科学；education教育；study学习。根据上文“his first science course”可知，老师在解释科学。故选B。]
11．D [answer回答；apologize道歉；argue争论；explain解释。由上文“That’s what ________ is”和下文“being curious...the answer”可知，此处指老师认真解释道。故选D。]
12．A [attract吸引；confuse使困惑；frighten使惊吓；disappoint使失望。根据下文“From then on，he was ________ to spending a life in science”可知，柯林斯博士之后一直从事科学，所以是被吸引住了。故选A。]
13．D [control控制；improve提高；save挽救；change改变。根据下文“From then on，he was ________ to spending a life in science”可知，那一天彻底改变了他的生活。故选D。]
14．C [oppose反对；expose暴露；commit犯(错误或罪行)；use使用。be committed to (doing) sth致力于(做)某事。根据下文“spending a life in science”可知，从那时起，他就致力于科学研究。故选C。]
15．A [curious好奇的；smart聪明的；generous慷慨的；optimistic乐观的。根据上文“being curious”可知，他的工作就是保持好奇。故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.surrounded 2.attracts 3.the 4.have been dug
5．representatives 6.winding 7.which/that 8.in
9．and 10.management
