/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025年外研版九年级英语上册精讲精练
Module 2 Public holidays
核心语法:被动语态
一、被动语态的定义
被动语态(Passive Voice)表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
结构:be + 过去分词(+ by + 执行者)
示例:主动语态:The teacher wrote the book.(老师写了这本书。)
被动语态:The book was written by the teacher.(这本书是老师写的。)
二、被动语态的构成(不同时态)
时态 被动语态结构 例句
一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词 English is spoken worldwide.(英语在世界范围内被使用。)
一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词 The letter was sent yesterday.(信昨天被寄出了。)
一般将来时 will be + 过去分词 The project will be finished next week.(这个项目将在下周完成。)
现在进行时 am/is/are being + 过去分词 The house is being painted now.(房子正在被粉刷。)
过去进行时 was/were being + 过去分词 The road was being repaired last night.(昨晚这条路正在维修。)
现在完成时 have/has been + 过去分词 The work has been done.(工作已经完成了。)
过去完成时 had been + 过去分词 The car had been sold before I called.(在我打电话之前,车已经被卖掉了。)
情态动词 can/must/may... + be + 过去分词 The rules must be followed.(规则必须被遵守。)
三、被动语态的使用场景
1、强调动作的承受者
The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci.(《蒙娜丽莎》是达·芬奇画的。)
2、不知道或无需说明动作的执行者
The window was broken.(窗户被打破了。)
3、正式文体(如科技、新闻报道)
A new law has been passed.(一项新法律已被通过。)
4、避免主观表述
Mistakes were made.(犯了错误。→ 不指明是谁的错误)
四、主动语态变被动语态的步骤
1、找出宾语 → 变为主语
主动:He wrote the letter.
被动:The letter was written by him.
2、确定时态 → 调整be动词
主动:She is cleaning the room.
被动:The room is being cleaned by her.
3、原主语变为by短语(可省略)
主动:They built the house.
被动:The house was built (by them).
五、特殊情况的被动语态
1. 双宾语动词(give/send/show等)
主动:She gave me a book.
被动1:A book was given to me (by her).
被动2:I was given a book (by her).
2. 动词短语(look after/turn off等)
主动:They turned off the lights.
被动:The lights were turned off.
3. 感官动词/使役动词(see/make/hear等)
主动:I saw him enter the room.
被动:He was seen to enter the room.
六、常见错误与注意事项
1、漏掉be动词
The cake eaten by him.
The cake was eaten by him.
2、误用过去式代替过去分词
The letter was send yesterday.
The letter was sent yesterday.
3、by短语的误用
The book was written from Shakespeare.
The book was written by Shakespeare.
1.The work ________ finished in two hours.
A.is B.was C.will be
2.Our club was ________ by a group of students who shared the same hobby.
A.found B.founded C.discovered D.started
3.The meeting will ________ at 8 o’clock.
A.be held B.hold C.takes place D.be taken place
4.The computer ________ on the table when I leave this afternoon.
A.was left B.will be left C.is left D.has been left
5.A new building ________ in our school next year.
A.will be built B.is built C.is being built D.has been built
6.How many trees ________ here every year
A.are planted B.plant C.be planted D.plants
7.His new book ________ next month.
A.will be published B.is publishing C.has published D.is published
8.Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they ________ to drive a car.
A.allow B.allowed C.will be allowed D.are allowed
9.It’s said that ________ of the water around the world ________ polluted.
A.two thirds; has B.two thirds; is C.two third; are D.two thirds; have
10.A lot of birds ________ in nature parks every year.
A.protect B.is protected C.are protected D.protected
11.The more fruit they picked, the more money they _________.
A.paid B.pay C.had paid D.were paid
12.Something ________ if we have the party next week.
A.happens B.is happened C.will happen D.will be happened
13.Mr. Smith_________to be one of the best teachers in our school.
A.considers B.considering C.is considered D.considered
14.The new library ________ to the public last month and has already attracted many visitors.
A.opened B.is opening C.was opened D.opens
15.It is said that a new robot ________ by him in a few days.
A.designed B.will design C.will be designed D.was designed
16.Mr. Chen has a loud voice. His voice ________ clearly even in that big classroom.
A.can hear B.can be heard
C.heard D.was heard
17.The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero. Today, he ________ still ________ by people of all ages.
A.will; love B.was; loved C.is; loved D.will; be loved
18.Last year Huai'an Flyover(高架) _________. Now it brings much convenience to people.
A.finished B.finishes C.is finishing D.was finished
19.All children ________ to do more exercise and grow up healthily.
A.expected B.will expect
C.were expected D.are expected
20.—Look, what have you done
—Sorry. I think if I ________ another chance, I’ll do it better.
A.will be given B.give C.am given
21.Nanchong ________ as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping for silk there.
A.knows B.is known C.was known D.will be known
22.Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information ______ in a minute.
A.has learnt B.has been learnt C.can learn D.can be learned
23.The Silk Road is mainly built for business. Many Chinese things ________ to western countries through it.
A.are sold B.are selling
C.were sold D.were selling
24.I _________ a chance to be a monitor, but I refused.
A.offered B.has offered C.was offered D.was offering
25.Keep quiet, please! Talking __________ during the meeting.
A.doesn’t allow B.is allowed C.allows D.isn’t allowed
26.Traditional Chinese paper-cutting ________ as a national intangible cultural heritage.
A.recognizes B.is recognized C.recognized D.was recognizing
27.Many bridges and houses ________ in the flood last month.
A.is destroyed B.are destroyed C.was destroyed D.were destroyed
28.The forest ________ with surprises.
A.was full B.full C.has filled D.was filled
29.It’s wrong that the children ________ all day.
A.make to study B.make studying
C.are made studying D.are made to study
30.Five more clubs ________ next week to make our school life rich and colorful.
A.set up B.are set up C.will be set up D.were set up
31.He __________ a chance to work in a big company but he didn’t accept it.
A.offered B.was offered C.was offering D.has offered
32.These pictures should ________ in pink.
A.colour B.be colouring C.coloured D.be coloured
33.When I was a kid, some of my pocket money ________ to buy stuffed toy animals.
A.uses B.is used C.used D.was used
34.—Who’s the little girl in the photo, Laura
—It’s me. This photo ________ when I was five.
A.is taken B.Takes C.was taken D.took
35.Would you ________ by any of the stories
A.fool B.fools C.fooled D.be fooled
36.These walls ________ stones.
A.are made of B.made of C.are made into D.made into
37.The story was _________ a play by Jim a few years ago.
A.make into B.make in C.made into D.made in
38.—What a pity! None of us in our class ________ to perform in the play.
— Come on. There will be more chances in the future.
A.was invited B.has invited C.invited
39.In the 32nd Hundred Flowers Award, Huang Xiaoming ________ the Best Actor.
A.named B.was naming C.was named D.names
40.The school year ________ into three terms in the UK.
A.divides B.has divided C.are divided D.is divided
41.The baby should ________ at home.
A.be taken care B.be taken care of C.take care D.take care of
42.Cotton ________ in the southeast of China.
A.is grown B.are grown C.grew D.grow
43.The telephone _________ by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
A.was invented B.is invented C.invented D.was inventing
44.Every day, too much water ________ in our school. We should save it.
A.is wasted B.wastes C.was wasted D.wasted
45.—I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday.
—Yes, it ________ by our school green club to protect forests.
A.organizes B.organized C.was organized D.will be organized
46.Mark thinks he ________ to choose his own clothes, because he is no longer a child.
A.should allow B.should be allowed
C.shouldn’t allow D.shouldn’t be allowed
47.The peaches in this village are very delicious. So far, they ________ .
A.sell out B.sold out C.have been sold out D.have sold out
48.—Where do you plan to send these plastic bottles
—They ________ to the factories for recycling.
A.will send B.will be sending C.will be sent D.are sending
49.— The Law on Family Education Promotion (家庭教育促进法) _________ on Oct. 23, 2021.
— Yeah! It came into effect (生效) on Jan. 1, 2022.
A.passes B.was passed C.passed D.pass
50.People learn English because it _________ widely _________ in the world now.
A.is; used B.is; using C.has; used
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1.C
【详解】句意:这项工作将在两小时内完成。
考查时态和语态。“in two hours”是一般将来时的标志词;且主语“The work”和动词之间是被动语态,需用一般将来时的被动语态(will be done)。故选C。
2.B
【详解】句意:我们俱乐部是由有共同爱好的一群学生创立的。
考查动词。found发现;founded被创立,“be founded by...”表示 “由……创立”;discovered发现;started创办,在表示 “创办” 时,较为口语化。根据“Our club was … by a group of students”可知,此处主语是俱乐部,在正式表达组织成立时,“founded” 更为合适。故选B。
3.A
【详解】句意:会议将在8点举行。
考查被动语态。be held被举行(被动语态);hold举行(动词原形);takes place发生(主动形式,主语应为事件);be taken place错误表达(take place通常不用被动语态)。根据主语“The meeting”和谓语“hold”可知,此处表示“会议被举行”,构成被动关系,用be held符合语境。故选A。
4.B
【详解】句意:今天下午我离开的时候,电脑将被留在桌子上。
考查时态和语态。was left一般过去时的被动语态;will be left一般将来时的被动语态;is left一般现在时的被动语态;has been left现在完成时的被动语态。根据“when I leave this afternoon”可知,这里说的是将来的情况,电脑是被留在桌子上,要用一般将来时的被动语态,结构是will be+过去分词。故选B。
5.A
【详解】句意:明年我们学校将建一座新大楼。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。will be built一般将来时,被动;is built一般现在时,被动;is being built现在进行时,被动;has been built现在完成时,被动。根据“A new building…in our school next year.”可知句中next year是一般将来时的时间标志词,故此句要用一般将来时,因新的建筑作主语,故此句要用被动语态,故选A。
6.A
【详解】句意:每年这里种植多少棵树?
考查一般现在时的被动语态。plants种植。根据句意可知,句子是在询问每年这里种植多少棵树,因此主语trees和动词plant之间存在被动关系,即树是被种植的,所以应该用被动语态。又因为句子描述的是每年都会发生的事情,所以时态应该用一般现在时。因此,正确答案应该是一般现在时的被动语态are planted。故选A。
7.A
【详解】句意:他的新书将在下个月出版。
考查一般将来时态的被动语态。根据“next month”可知,句子时态为一般将来时。句子主语“His new book”与“publish”之间是被动关系,即“书被出版”,所以应该用一般将来时的被动语态,其结构为“will be +过去分词”。publish的过去分词是published。故选A。
8.D
【详解】句意:青少年必须年满18岁才能被允许开车。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Teenagers have to be 18 years old”可知before引导的时间状语从句时态应为一般现在时,且此处表被动,结构为“be done”,主语为they,be动词应用are。故选D。
9.B
【详解】句意:据说世界上三分之二的水被污染了。
考查分数表达及被动语态。分数表达中分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分数要变为复数。表示“三分之二”要用two thirds,排除C;主语water与动词之间是被动关系,应该用被动语态be done,表示“被污染”用be polluted,此处是一般现在时的被动语态,可排除A和D,故选B。
10.C
【详解】句意:每年都有很多鸟类在自然公园受到保护。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知,主语“A lot of birds”和谓语protect“保护”之间是被动关系,根据“every year”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”,主语是复数,be动词用are。故选C。
11.D
【详解】句意:摘的水果越多, 他们被支付的薪水就越多。
考查被动语态。谓语动词pay与主语they之间是被动关系,且句子时态是一般过去时,were符合句意,故选D。
12.C
【详解】句意:如果我们下周举办聚会,就会有事情发生。
考查if条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,因此主句时态是一般将来时,且“happen”是用主动形式表示被动意义,没有被动语态。故选C。
13.C
【详解】句意:史密斯老师被认为是我们学校的最佳教师之一。
考查被动语态。consider意为“考虑”,和主语Mr. Smith之间构成被动关系,可知用被动语态be done,be considered to do意为“被认为做某事”,故选C。
14.C
【详解】句意:新图书馆上个月向公众开放,已经吸引了许多游客。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。opened动词过去式;is opening现在进行时态;was opened一般过去时被动语态;opens动词第三人称单数。主语The new library和谓语opene之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态;根据last month可知时态为一般过去时,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
15.C
【详解】句意:据说,几天之后他将设计出一个新机器人。
考查将来时态的被动语态。根据“in a few days”可知,这是一个表示将来时间的状语,所以句子的时态应该是一般将来时;robot和design之间是被动关系,即“机器人被设计”,所以应该使用一般将来时的被动语态,其结构为“will be + 过去分词”。design的过去分词是designed,故选C。
16.B
【详解】句意:陈先生声音很大。即使在那间大教室里也能清楚地听到他的声音。
考查动词的时态和语态。can hear可以听到(一般现在时);can be heard可以被听到(一般现在时);heard听到(一般过去时);was heard被听到(一般过去时)。根据“Mr. Chen has a loud voice.”可知此处描述客观情况,使用一般现在时即可,句子的主语是His voice,和动词hear是动宾关系,因此需使用被动结构be done。故选B。
17.C
【详解】句意:美猴王是中国传统的卡通英雄。今天,他仍然受到各个年龄段的人的喜爱。
考查时态及语态。根据“Today”可知,时态为一般现在时;根据“by people of all ages”并分析句子结构可知,句子主语与谓语为逻辑上的动宾关系,用被动语态。故选C。
18.D
【详解】句意:去年淮安高架建成。现在它给人们带来了很多便利。
考查动词的时态。finished完成,动词的过去式;finishes动词的一般现在时的第三人称单数;is finishing动词的现在进行时;was finished动词的一般过去时态的被动。根据last year可知是一般过去时,主语“Huai'an Flyover”和动词之间是被动关系,此处用动词的一般过去时态的被动was finished。故选D。
19.D
【详解】句意:所有的孩子都应该多锻炼身体,健康成长。
考查时态和语态。分析句子可知,主语“All children”与expect之间是被动关系,又结合语境可知,该句是一般现在时被动语态“am/is/are+动词过去分词”,主语为复数,be动词用are,故选D。
20.C
【详解】句意:——看,你做了什么?——对不起,我想如果再给我一次机会,我会做得更好。
考查被动语态和时态。本句主语是I,谓语动词是give,主谓之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。本句是if引导的条件状语从句,主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,故选C。
21.B
【详解】句意:南充作为丝绸之都被人们所熟知,游客们喜欢在那里买丝绸。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Nanchong...as the City of Silk.”可知,此处应表示南充作为丝绸之都被人们所熟知,主语Nanchong和动词know之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,可用be known as...“作为……被人们所熟知/而著名”,且句子阐述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,此时be动词应用is。故选B。
22.D
【详解】句意:多亏了互联网,不同种类的信息可以在一分钟内学到。
考查动词时态。根据“different kinds of information”可知,information与learn之间存在被动关系,指的是“不同种类的信息一分钟内能被学到”,排除选项A、C;该句描述客观事实,为一般现在时,排除B。故选D。
23.A
【详解】句意:丝绸之路主要是为商业而建的。许多中国的东西都是通过它卖到西方国家的。
考查时态和语态。分析句子可知,“Many Chinese things”和“sell”构成被动关系,而根据“The Silk Road is mainly built for business.”可知,该句为一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are+动词过去分词”,主语为复数,be动词用are,故选A。
24.C
【详解】句意:有人给我一个当班长的机会,但我拒绝了。
考查时态和语态。根据“but I refused.”可知,本句是一般过去时,且谓语动词offer与主语是被动关系,需用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done),故选C。
25.D
【详解】句意:请保持安静!在开会期间是不被允许交谈的。talking和allow为被动关系,应用现在时的被动语态,其结构是be done的形式,根据“Keep quiet, please!”可知,这里不允许交谈,是否定形式。故选D。
26.B
【详解】句意:传统中国剪纸被认定为国家级非物质文化遗产。
考查被动语态。主语“Traditional Chinese paper-cutting”和动词“recognize”是被动关系,此句说的是事实情况,应用一般现在时的被动语态结构(am/is/are done),故选B。
27.D
【详解】句意:上个月许多桥梁和房子在洪水中被毁坏了。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last month”可知应用一般过去时,而主语Many bridges and houses和谓语动词destroy“毁坏”是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态,而一般过去时的被动语态的谓语结构为“was/were+done”,主语不是第三人称单数,be动词应用were,故选D。
28.D
【详解】句意:森林里充满了惊喜。
考查被动语态。was full充满的;full充满的;has filled现在完成时;was filled一般过去时的被动语态。be full of/be filled with“充满……”,空后是with,所以用be filled with。故选D。
29.D
【详解】句意:让孩子们整天学习是错的。
考查被动语态。根据“It’s wrong that the children…all day.”可知,此处是孩子被让,be made to do sth“被迫做某事”。故选D。
30.C
【详解】句意:为了使我们的学校生活丰富多彩,下周还将成立五个社团。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“next week ”可知句子是一般将来时,且主语和动词之间是被动关系,应用一般将来时的被动语态,故选C。
31.B
【详解】句意:他被提供了一个在大公司工作的机会,但他没有接受。
考查动词的被动语态。主语“He”和动词“offer”之间是被动关系,需用被动语态,结合“he didn’t accept it.”可知,此处用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done)。故选B。
32.D
【详解】句意:这些画应该被涂成粉色。
考查动词时态和语态。主语pictures“画”与colour“涂色”之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态,句中含有情态动词should,所以结构为should be done,故选D。
33.D
【详解】句意:当我还是个孩子的时候,我的一些零花钱被用来买毛绒玩具动物。
考查时态和被动语态。uses使用,一般现在时;is used被使用,一般现在时的被动语态;used使用,一般过去时;was used被使用,一般过去时的被动语态。分析题干可知,主语“some of my pocket money”和动词“use”之间是被动关系,结合“When I was a kid”可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
34.C
【详解】句意:——劳拉,照片中的小女孩是谁?——是我,这照片是在我五岁的时候拍的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知,主语This photo与动词take是被动关系,应用被动语态;再根据“when I was five”可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为was/were done,主语为第三人称单数,be动词用was,动词take的过去分词为taken。故选C。
35.D
【详解】句意:你被其中的任何一个故事愚弄过吗?
考查含情态动词的被动语态。fool愚弄,根据“by any of the stories”可知,应该用被动语态,含情态动词的被动语态构成:主语+情态动词+be+动词过去分词,故选D。
36.A
【详解】句意:这些墙是由石头制作的。
考查被动语态。be made of“由……制作,能看出原材料”;be made into“被做成……”。根据“墙”和“石头”的关系可知,墙是由石头制作的,能看出原材料,故使用be made of。故选A。
37.C
【详解】句意:几年前,吉姆把这个故事改编成了戏剧。
考查动词短语以及被动语态。be made in产自;be made into被制成。根据“by Jim”可知,此处用被动语态,可排除AB选项;再根据“The story was … a play”可知,这个故事改编成了戏剧,故选C。
38.A
【详解】句意:——真遗憾!我们班没有一个人被邀请在剧中表演。——别这样。将来会有更多的机会。
考查时态和语态。invite邀请。主语none of us in our class与谓语invite之间是被动关系,因此谓语用被动语态,故选A。
39.C
【详解】句意:在第32届百花奖上,黄晓明被评为最佳男演员。
考查时态和语态。name“命名”,是动词,主语Huang Xiaoming与谓语name之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态,根据“In the 32nd Hundred Flowers Award”可知,此处用一般过去时,主语Huang Xiaoming是第三人称单数形式,用was named。故选C。
40.D
【详解】句意:在英国,一学年分为三个学期。
考查被动语态。主语“The school year”和谓语动词divide构成动宾关系,应用被动语态,此句为一般现在时,主语“The school year”为第三人称单数,用is构成被动语态。故选D。
41.B
【详解】句意:婴儿应该在家中得到照顾。
考查被动语态。主语the baby和谓语动词take care of构成动宾关系,应用被动语态。take care注意、当心,为不及物动词短语,不能用于被动语态,故选 B。
42.A
【详解】句意:棉花生长在中国的东南部。
考查被动语态及主谓一致。主语Cotton“棉花”和动词grow“种植”是被动关系,被动语态结构为“be done”,排除选项C、D;且主语为第三人称单数,此处be动词应用is。故选A。
43.A
【详解】句意:电话是由亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔于1876年发明的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“in 1876”可知为一般过去时;主语The telephone与谓语invent是被动关系,应为一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + done,主语为单数,应用was。故选A。
44.A
【详解】句意:每天,我们学校都有太多的水被浪费了。我们应该节约用水。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Every day”可知,句子应用一般现在时,主语为too much water,与动词waste之间存在被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是第三人称单数,be动词应用is,waste的过去分词为wasted。故选A。
45.C
【详解】句意:——我听说你上周日参加了森林清理活动。——是的。我们学校的环保俱乐部组织了这次活动来保护森林。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据“last Sunday”可知是过去的事,是一般过去时。主语“it”指的是“a forest clean-up activity”,和动词之间是被动关系,表达“被组织”用一般过去时的被动结构“was organized”。故选C。
46.B
【详解】句意:马克认为他应该被允许选择自己的衣服,因为他不再是孩子了。
考查含情态动词的被动语态。he与allow之间是动宾关系,用被动语态;根据“because he is no longer a child”可知是应该被允许选自己的衣服,用肯定句,此处用should be done结构。故选B。
47.C
【详解】句意:这个村子的桃子非常好吃,到目前为止,它们已被卖完了。
考查被动语态。sell out卖完,售完,动词短语。由句中的“so far”可知,这句话应用现在完成时;并且根据句意,主语they与动词构成被动关系,应为被动语态,故选C。
48.C
【详解】句意:——你打算把这些塑料瓶送到哪里?——它们将被送到工厂回收。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。will send一般将来时;will be sending将来进行时的主动语态;will be sent一般将来时的被动语态;are sending现在进行时。此处描述的是一个将来的动作,即“打算把这些塑料瓶送到工厂”,且主语They和谓语动词send之间是被动关系,所以应该用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
49.B
【详解】句意:——2021年10月23日通过《家庭教育促进法》。——是的!它于2022年1月1日生效。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“on Oct. 23, 2021.”可知,本句是一般过去时,可排除AD选项;且主语“The Law on Family Education Promotion”和动词“pass”之间是被动关系,需用被动语态(be done)。故选B。
50.A
【详解】句意:人们学习英语是因为现在它在世界被广泛使用。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。is used一般现在时的被动语态;is using现在进行时的主动语态;has used现在完成时的主动语态。主语it指代English,谓语动词是use“使用”,两者之间是被动关系,横线处应该用被动语态。故选A。
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