/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025年仁爱科普版九年级英语上册精讲精练
Unit 1 The Changing World
核心语法:被动语态
一、被动语态的定义
被动语态(Passive Voice) 用于强调动作的承受者而非执行者,基本结构为:
"be动词 + 过去分词",其中be动词需根据时态变化。
对比主动语态与被动语态:
主动语态:主语(执行者) + 谓语 + 宾语(承受者)
The workers built the bridge.(工人建造了这座桥。)
被动语态:主语(承受者) + be动词 + 过去分词 + (by + 执行者)
The bridge was built (by the workers).(这座桥被工人建造。)
二、被动语态的构成
时态 主动语态 被动语态 例句(被动)
一般现在时 do/does am/is/are + done English is spoken worldwide.
一般过去时 did was/were + done The letter was sent yesterday.
一般将来时 will do will be + done The project will be finished soon.
现在进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are being + done The road is being repaired.
现在完成时 have/has done have/has been + done The work has been completed.
三、被动语态的使用场景
1、强调动作的承受者
The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci.(强调《蒙娜丽莎》是被画的客体)
2、执行者未知或不重要
My wallet was stolen on the bus.(不知道是谁偷的)
3、客观描述事实(科学、新闻等)
The results will be announced next week.
四、被动语态的转换步骤
主动语态 → 被动语态:
将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语;
根据原句时态选择对应的be动词;
将主动句的谓语动词改为过去分词;
原句主语变为by + 执行者(可省略)。
示例:
主动:Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.
被动:Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.
五、特殊情况的被动语态
1、含双宾语的动词(give, send, show等)
通常将间接宾语(人)变为主语:
He gave me a book. → I was given a book (by him).
也可将直接宾语(物)变为主语:
A book was given to me (by him).
2、含情态动词的被动语态
结构:情态动词 + be + 过去分词
The rules must be obeyed.
短语动词的被动语态(如look after, turn off)
需保留介词或副词:
The children are looked after by the teacher.
六、易错点与注意事项
1、be动词与主语一致
错误:The cakes was eaten by the children.
正确:The cakes were eaten by the children.
2、过去分词的错误形式
错误:The song was sing by a famous artist.
正确:The song was sung by a famous artist.
3、多余使用by短语
若执行者不重要,可省略:
The windows were cleaned.(无需加by someone)
七、总结口诀
被动语态三步走,be加过分不能漏,
承受者作主语,by后执行者可省!
1.The meeting will ________ at 8 o’clock.
A.be held B.hold C.takes place D.be taken place
2.How many trees ________ here every year
A.are planted B.plant C.be planted D.plants
3.The computer ________ on the table when I leave this afternoon.
A.was left B.will be left C.is left D.has been left
4.A new building ________ in our school next year.
A.will be built B.is built C.is being built D.has been built
5.His new book ________ next month.
A.will be published B.is publishing C.has published D.is published
6.Our club was ________ by a group of students who shared the same hobby.
A.found B.founded C.discovered D.started
7.The work ________ finished in two hours.
A.is B.was C.will be
8.A lot of birds ________ in nature parks every year.
A.protect B.is protected C.are protected D.protected
9.To many people’s surprise, the PRC ________.
A.found B.was founding C.was founded D.founded
10.—The streets in our city are always clean.
—You know they ________ by the hard-working cleaners every day.
A.have cleaned B.will clean C.are cleaning D.are cleaned
11.Nanchong ________ as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping for silk there.
A.knows B.is known C.was known D.will be known
12.Students __________ to use E-dictionaries in the English exam.
A.don’t allow B.aren’t allowed C.allowed D.is allowed
13.It is said that a new robot ________ by him in a few days.
A.designed B.will design C.will be designed D.was designed
14.The birthday present ________ by my mother.
A.sends B.sent C.is sent D.are sent
15.I _________ a chance to be a monitor, but I refused.
A.offered B.has offered C.was offered D.was offering
16.Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they ________ to drive a car.
A.allow B.allowed C.will be allowed D.are allowed
17.These mountains ________ trees in a few years’ time.
A.be covered B.will be covered with C.is covered D.are covered with
18.—Li Lei’s legs were ________ in the traffic accident yesterday.
—I’m sorry to hear that.
A.badly hurt B.bad hurt C.hurts D.hurt bad
19.Look! This new table ________ wood.
A.is made by B.is made of C.is made from D.is made into
20.—The horse-face skirt is popular. It puts together modernity and tradition naturally.
—Yeah! It shows that traditional beauty should ________ by Chinese people today.
A.value B.be valued C.valued
21.Look! The land is ________white snow. How beautiful it is!
A.cover with B.covering by C.covered with D.cover by
22.—Did you come to Jim’s birthday party, Mike
—No, because I ________.
A.didn’t invite B.wasn’t invited C.isn’t invited D.doesn’t invite
23.The light bulb ________ by Thomas Edison.
A.invented B.is invented C.was invented D.inventing
24.Mr. Smith_________to be one of the best teachers in our school.
A.considers B.considering C.is considered D.considered
25.The TV ________ before the car.
A.invented B.is invented C.was invented D.invents
26.— Why didn’t you go to the party last night
— Because I ________.
A.wasn’t invited B.didn’t invite C.haven’t invited D.don’t invite
27.The laptop ________ in Japan in 1985. It is used for studying.
A.is developed B.was developed C.developed D.develops
28.—More and more high-technology products ________ in China.
—Yes. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
A.is making B.are making C.is made D.are made
29.The lights must ________ before you leave the classroom.
A.turn on B.turn off
C.be turned on D.be turned off
30.—The traffic is too heavy. We have to drive slowly.
—I think more new roads ________ in our city.
A.have built B.build C.should build D.should be built
31.The boy ________ “Little Clever”.
A.call B.called C.is called
32.After the storm, the playground ________ heavy snow, providing a perfect chance for a snowball fight.
A.was covered B.was covered with C.was filled D.was filled with
33.I parked my bike behind the building, but now it is gone. It ________.
A.may be stolen B.must be stolen C.must have been stolen D.must have stolen
34.Students do less homework now. Usually it ________ before 9 o’clock.
A.finishes B.finished C.is finished D.was finished
35.In the old days, they _________ in the factory from morning to evening.
A.were made to work
B.asked to work
C.were asked for work
36.His books are popular. They _________ by many teenagers.
A.is read B.was read C.are read D.were read
37.—Do you think that teenagers should ________ to do part-time jobs after school
—No, I don’t think so.
A.encourage B.be encouraging C.are encouraged D.be encouraged
38.All the passengers ________ to show their ID cards before they get on the plane.
A.were required B.is required
C.was required D.are required
39.Those kites ________ paper. And paper ________ wood.
A.are made of; is made of B.make from; makes from
C.are made of; is made from D.is made from; is made of
40.I ________ ten minutes to decide whether I should go or not.
A.gave B.was given C.was giving D.had given
41.— Can you sing this song
— Of course, I can. It ________ often ________ by children.
A.is; sung B.are; sung C.is; sang
42.—What is mum cooking in the kitchen
—Fish, I guess. How nice it ________!
A.is smelling B.is smelt C.will smell D.smells
43.Frank was made ________ in front of the classroom to share his opinions about English learning.
A.stand B.stood C.to stand D.standing
44.— ________ an English contest ________ in No. 1 High School next Friday evening
— Yes, it will.
A.Will; hold B.Will; be held C.Does; hold D.Does; be held
45.—Where is my book
—It’s ________ under the chair.
A.hiding B.hidden C.hides D.hid
46.This novel ________ into a film soon after it was published.
A.will be made B.is made C.has made D.was made
47.Cotton ________ in the southeast of China.
A.is grown B.are grown C.grew D.grow
48.A 3-kilometer-long bridge ________ in our hometown three years ago.
A.has built B.is built C.was built
49.What tools _______ make a model plane
A.use for B.are using to C.are used for D.are used to
50.During the Tang dynasty (唐朝), nearly everything produced in the world ________ on the streets of Chang’an.
A.is found B.has been found C.will be found D.could be found
51.When ________ the car ________
A.did; invent B.was; invented C.does; invent D.is; invented
52.Each stone was ________ so well, ________ the ancient workers didn’t have any modern tools.
A.fixing; although B.fix; because C.fixed; so D.fixed; though
53.One or two man-made satellites ________ in our country every year.
A.have been sent up B.will be sent up C.is sent up D.are sent up
54.Every day, too much water ________ in our school. We should save it.
A.is wasted B.wastes C.was wasted D.wasted
55.The waste paper as well as the used books _________ to the recycling company.
A.is going to send B.are going to send C.is going to be sent D.are going to be sent
56.Our TV set ________ yesterday.
A.was repaired B.had been repaired C.is repaired D.would be repaired
57.The dumplings in the restaurant _________, so they _________ well.
A.are tasted good; are sold B.are tasted well; sell C.taste nice; sell D.taste good; are sold
58.Today, computers are really useful. They ________ everywhere.
A.use B.are used C.used D.were used
59.______ that the famous singer will give a concert in our city next week.
A.It’s said B.They say C.It said D.He says
60.In winter the hill always ________snow. It looks more beautiful.
A.will be covered with B.is covered with
C.covers with D.will cover with
61.These CDs ________ well, and they will ________ soon.
A.sell; sold out B.sell out; be sold C.sell; be sold out D.sold out; be sold
62.Big Ben is________one of the symbols of both London and Britain.
A.considered for B.think of C.regarded as D.treat as
63.The cakes in the restaurant________, so they________ well.
A.are tasted better; are sold B.are tasted good; sell C.taste well; are sold D.taste good; sell
64.Two years later, he ________ the governor.
A.is chosen to be B.chose to be
C.was chosen to be D.chooses to be
65.—Why ________ he ________ to stand in class
—Because his words made the teacher ________.
A.was; made; angrily B.was; made; angry
C.did; make; happy D.did; make; happily
66.Our plan to have a graduation ceremony_____in the next class meeting.
A.was discussed B.will discuss C.is discussed D.will be discussed
67.Half of the full basket of apples ________ to Xiao Ming and the rest ________ for you.
A.is given; is B.give; are C.are given; are D.will be given; are
68.Many people think that the pyramids in Egypt __________ by aliens.
A.build B.built C.were built D.was built
69.I believe that those mountains_________ with trees in a few years.
A.are covered B.will be covered C.are covering D.will cover
70.In our country, red lanterns _________ as symbols of happiness and good wishes.
A.see B.saw C.are seen D.will see
71.— Was table tennis invented by the Chinese
— No. It ________ in China until the start of the 20th century.
A.played B.was played C.didn’t play D.wasn’t played
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1.A
【解析】句意:会议将在8点举行。
考查被动语态。be held被举行(被动语态);hold举行(动词原形);takes place发生(主动形式,主语应为事件);be taken place错误表达(take place通常不用被动语态)。根据主语“The meeting”和谓语“hold”可知,此处表示“会议被举行”,构成被动关系,用be held符合语境。故选A。
2.A
【解析】句意:每年这里种植多少棵树?
考查一般现在时的被动语态。plants种植。根据句意可知,句子是在询问每年这里种植多少棵树,因此主语trees和动词plant之间存在被动关系,即树是被种植的,所以应该用被动语态。又因为句子描述的是每年都会发生的事情,所以时态应该用一般现在时。因此,正确答案应该是一般现在时的被动语态are planted。故选A。
3.B
【解析】句意:今天下午我离开的时候,电脑将被留在桌子上。
考查时态和语态。was left一般过去时的被动语态;will be left一般将来时的被动语态;is left一般现在时的被动语态;has been left现在完成时的被动语态。根据“when I leave this afternoon”可知,这里说的是将来的情况,电脑是被留在桌子上,要用一般将来时的被动语态,结构是will be+过去分词。故选B。
4.A
【解析】句意:明年我们学校将建一座新大楼。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。will be built一般将来时,被动;is built一般现在时,被动;is being built现在进行时,被动;has been built现在完成时,被动。根据“A new building…in our school next year.”可知句中next year是一般将来时的时间标志词,故此句要用一般将来时,因新的建筑作主语,故此句要用被动语态,故选A。
5.A
【解析】句意:他的新书将在下个月出版。
考查一般将来时态的被动语态。根据“next month”可知,句子时态为一般将来时。句子主语“His new book”与“publish”之间是被动关系,即“书被出版”,所以应该用一般将来时的被动语态,其结构为“will be +过去分词”。publish的过去分词是published。故选A。
6.B
【解析】句意:我们俱乐部是由有共同爱好的一群学生创立的。
考查动词。found发现;founded被创立,“be founded by...”表示 “由……创立”;discovered发现;started创办,在表示 “创办” 时,较为口语化。根据“Our club was … by a group of students”可知,此处主语是俱乐部,在正式表达组织成立时,“founded” 更为合适。故选B。
7.C
【解析】句意:这项工作将在两小时内完成。
考查时态和语态。“in two hours”是一般将来时的标志词;且主语“The work”和动词之间是被动语态,需用一般将来时的被动语态(will be done)。故选C。
8.C
【解析】句意:每年都有很多鸟类在自然公园受到保护。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知,主语“A lot of birds”和谓语protect“保护”之间是被动关系,根据“every year”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”,主语是复数,be动词用are。故选C。
9.C
【解析】句意:令许多人吃惊的是,中华人民共和国成立了。
考查动词时态和语态。found成立,动词。该句是一般过去时,且是被成立,因此填一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
10.D
【解析】句意:——我们城市的街道总是很干净。——你知道它们每天都由勤劳的清洁工打扫。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“every day”可知,此处是一般现在时。主语they指代“the streets”,与动词clean之间是被动关系,所以此处用一般现在时被动语态be done的结构,故选D。
11.B
【解析】句意:南充作为丝绸之都被人们所熟知,游客们喜欢在那里买丝绸。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Nanchong...as the City of Silk.”可知,此处应表示南充作为丝绸之都被人们所熟知,主语Nanchong和动词know之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,可用be known as...“作为……被人们所熟知/而著名”,且句子阐述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,此时be动词应用is。故选B。
12.B
【解析】句意:学生不允许在英语考试中使用电子词典。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Students...to use E-dictionaries in the English exam.”可知,这里是指学生不允许在英语考试中使用电子词典,所以动词allow与主语Students构成被动关系,该句是一般现在时,这里要填一般现在时被动语态的否定形式,其结构is/am/are+not+done。故选B。
13.C
【解析】句意:据说,几天之后他将设计出一个新机器人。
考查将来时态的被动语态。根据“in a few days”可知,这是一个表示将来时间的状语,所以句子的时态应该是一般将来时;robot和design之间是被动关系,即“机器人被设计”,所以应该使用一般将来时的被动语态,其结构为“will be + 过去分词”。design的过去分词是designed,故选C。
14.C
【解析】句意:这个生日礼物是我妈妈送的。
考查动词被动语态。根据“The birthday present”可知,主语是生日礼物,是动作的承受者,而宾语“ my mother”是动作的发出者,需用被动语态来表达,被动语态结构为“be done ”。又因主语是单数,则be动词用is。故选C。
15.C
【解析】句意:有人给我一个当班长的机会,但我拒绝了。
考查时态和语态。根据“but I refused.”可知,本句是一般过去时,且谓语动词offer与主语是被动关系,需用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done),故选C。
16.D
【解析】句意:青少年必须年满18岁才能被允许开车。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Teenagers have to be 18 years old”可知before引导的时间状语从句时态应为一般现在时,且此处表被动,结构为“be done”,主语为they,be动词应用are。故选D。
17.B
【解析】句意:几年后这些山将被树木覆盖。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。be covered被覆盖,原形;will be covered with将被……覆盖,一般将来时;is covered被覆盖,一般现在时第三人称单数;are covered with被……覆盖,一般现在时。根据“in a few years’ time”可知,时态为一般将来时。故选B。
18.A
【解析】句意:——李雷的腿在昨天的交通事故中受了重伤。——听到这个消息我很难过。
考查时态、副词辨析。bad坏的,形容词;badly非常,副词;此处是be hurt“受伤”,排除C;根据修饰动词用副词的原则,可知排除B和D。故选A。
19.B
【解析】句意:看!这张新桌子是木头做的。
考查动词短语表达被动语态。be made by“由某人制造“;be made of “由……制成”,表示制成成品后,仍可看出原材料是什么;be made from “由……制成”,表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征,看不出原材料;be made into“被做成”。根据句意可知,桌子是木头做的,可以看出原材料,应用be made of。故选B。
20.B
【解析】句意:——马面裙很流行。它将现代与传统自然地结合在一起。——是啊。这表明传统美应该受到今天中国人的重视。
考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知,空处所在句的主语“traditional beauty”与空处为逻辑上的动宾关系,用被动语态,B项符合。故选B。
21.C
【解析】句意:看!地面被白雪覆盖着。它是多么漂亮啊!
考查被动和介词。本句主语“the land”和谓语动词“cover”之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,be covered with意为“被……覆盖”,符合语境。故选C。
22.B
【解析】句意:——迈克,你来参加吉姆的生日聚会了吗?——不,因为我没有被邀请。
考查时态及语态。根据“Did you come to Jim’s birthday party, Mike ”可知,此处指过去发生的事情,用一般过去时;分析句子结构可知,主语与谓语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,用被动语态。故选B。
23.C
【解析】句意:灯泡是由托马斯爱迪生发明的。
考查时态和语态。The light bulb是被发明的,所以用被动语态,且动作发生在过去,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was/were done。故选C。
24.C
【解析】句意:史密斯老师被认为是我们学校的最佳教师之一。
考查被动语态。consider意为“考虑”,和主语Mr. Smith之间构成被动关系,可知用被动语态be done,be considered to do意为“被认为做某事”,故选C。
25.C
【解析】句意:电视比汽车发明得早。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。invented发明,一般过去时,主动语态;is invented被发明,一般现在时,被动语态;was invented被发明,一般过去时,被动语态;invents发明,一般过去时,主动语态。根据“The TV”和选项中的invent一词可知TV和invent之间构成被动关系,表示“电视被发明”;根据句意可知时态为一般过去时。故选C。
26.A
【解析】句意:——昨晚你为什么不去聚会呢?——因为我没有被邀请。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据语境可知,事情发生在过去需用一般过去时,主语“I”是动词“invite”的承受者,构成被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为be+动词的过去分词。本句中,主语是“I”,be的形式为was,否定是在其后加not。“invite”的过去分词为 invited。故选A。
27.B
【解析】句意:这种笔记本电脑是1985年在日本开发的。它是用来学习的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“in 1985”可知用一般过去时,排除AD;主语laptop与谓语动词存在着被动关系,即was/were+v-ed。故选B。
28.D
【解析】句意:——越来越多的高科技产品是中国制造的。 ——是的。我们的国家越来越强大。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语products与动词make之间是被动关系,故此处应用被动语态,主语是复数形式,助动词用are,故选D。
29.D
【解析】句意:离开教室前必须把灯关掉。
考查动词短语以及被动语态。turn on打开;turn off关闭。根据句意可知这里指灯被关掉,用被动语态be+过去分词。因为空前前有情态动词must,因此这里的be用动词原形。故选D。
30.D
【解析】句意:——交通太拥挤了。我们必须开慢点。——我认为我们城市应该修建更多的新道路。
考查含有情态动词的被动语态。根据“I think more new roads…in our city.”可知此处是说我们城市应该修建更多的新道路,should应该;且道路被修建,此处表被动,结构为“be done”;情态动词后加动词原形。故选D。
31.C
【解析】句意:这个男孩被称为“小聪明”。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语是“The boy”与“call”之间存在被动关系,此处需要使用被动语态,强调男孩被称为什么,结构为“is called”,故选C。
32.B
【解析】句意:暴风雨过后,操场上积了厚厚的雪,这为打雪仗提供了绝佳的机会。
考查短语辨析及一般过去时的被动语态。was covered被覆盖,一般过去时的被动;was covered with被……覆盖;was filled被充满,一般过去时的被动;was filled with充满……。根据“the playground...heavy snow”可知,是指操场被雪覆盖。故选B。
33.C
【解析】句意:我把自行车停在大楼后面,但现在不见了。它一定是被人偷了。
考查被动语态。may be stolen可能被偷;must be stolen一定被偷;must have been stolen一定被偷了;must have stolen一定偷了。句中“it”指代前文的“my bike”,与谓语动词steal之间是被动关系,用被动语态be done的结构,排除D选项。根据“but now it is gone”,可知,此处用情态动词must表示肯定的推测,排除A选项。“自行车被偷”对现在造成的影响是“它不见了”,所以要用现在完成被动语态have/ has been done的结构,故选C。
34.C
【解析】句意:学生们现在做较少的作业。 通常九点前结束。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Students do less homework now. Usually it … before 9 o’clock.”可知,此处it代指前面提到的作业,与动词finish“完成”之间应为被动语态,句子为一般现在时,因此用一般现在时的被动语态,构成为“am/ is/ are done”,主语it为三单,be动词用is。故选C。
35.A
【解析】句意:在过去,他们被迫在工厂里从早上工作到晚上。
考查被动语态。根据“they ... in the factory from morning to evening”可知,是指他们被迫从早到晚在工厂里工作,空处用被动语态be made/asked to do sth,A选项结构正确。故选A。
36.C
【解析】句意:他的书很受欢迎。它们被许多青少年阅读。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析题干可知,句中的They指书籍,所以They和动词read之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,根据“His books are popular.”可知,时态是一般现在时,所以空处应用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构是:am/is/are+过去分词,主语They表示复数,所以应用be动词are,read的过去分词是read。故选C。
37.D
【解析】句意:——你认为青少年应该被鼓励放学后去做兼职吗?——不,我不这么认为。
考查情态动词被动语态。由“teenagers should … to do part-time jobs after school”可知,主语teenagers与谓语encourage之间存在被动关系,应用被动语态,情态动词的被动语态结构为:情态动词+be+动词的过去分词。故选D。
38.D
【解析】句意:所有的乘客在登机前都必须出示身份证。
考查被动语态。根据“before they get on the plane.”可知时态是一般现在时,排除选项A和C;由主语“All the passengers”可知是复数,be动词用are。故选D。
39.C
【解析】句意:那些风筝是用纸做的。纸是由木头制成的。
考查动词短语和主谓一致。be made of“由……制成”,能看出原材料;make from由……制成;be made from“由……制成”,看不出或难以分辨出原材料。第一空,主语“Those kites”与动词make是被动关系,应用被动语态,排除B;又因为风筝是可以直接看出原材料的,应用be made of,且主语为第三人称复数,be动词用are,排除D;第二空,纸是不能直接看出原材料木头的,应用be made from,且主语“paper”为第三人称单数,be动词用is,排除A。故选C。
40.B
【解析】句意:我有十分钟的时间来决定要不要去。
考查被动语态。give sb sth“给某人某物”,当宾语sb成为主语时,需用被动语态be done。故选B。
41.A
【解析】句意:——你会唱这首歌吗?——当然,我可以。它经常被孩子们唱。
考查被动语态。It在此处指代上文的this song。与动词sing构成被动关系,被动语态的结构为:主语+be动词+动词的过去分词。It提示此处be动词应为is,sing的过去分词为sung。故选A。
42.D
【解析】句意:——妈妈在厨房煮什么?——我猜是鱼。闻起来多么好闻啊!
考查感官动词用法。根据“What is Mum cooking in the kitchen”和“Fish, I guess”可知,此处表示现在的情况,应用一般现在时,smell是系动词,所以一般都是主动表被动,主语it是单数,感官动词用三单形式。故选D。
43.C
【解析】句意:Frank被要求站在教室前面分享他对英语学习的看法。
考查非谓语动词。根据“Frank was made ... in front of the classroom to share his opinions about English learning.”可知,make是使役动词,make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”,变为被动语态,要还原to,即sb. be made to do sth.。故选C。
44.B
【解析】句意:——下周五晚上一个英语比赛将在第一高中被举行吗?——是的。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“it will”可知问句应用一般将来时;主语an English contest和谓语动词held“举行”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态的谓语结构为“will+be+done”,故选B。
45.B
【解析】句意:——我的书在哪里?——它藏在椅子下面。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。hiding隐藏,为hide的动名词或现在分词形式;hidden为hide的过去分词;hides为hide的第三人称单数形式;hid为hide的过去式。根据“It’s…under the chair.”可知,此处指书藏在椅子下面,主语It指代“my book”,与动词hide之间是被动关系,句子应用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为“be done”;空前为It’s,空处应用hidden。故选B。
46.D
【解析】句意:这部小说在出版后不久就被改编成了电影。
考查动词时态和语态。will be made一般将来时被动语态;is made一般现在时被动语态;has made现在完成时主动语态;was made一般过去时被动语态。根据题干中“soon after it was published”可知,需用一般过去时被动语态表示“被改编”。故选D。
47.A
【解析】句意:棉花生长在中国的东南部。
考查被动语态及主谓一致。主语Cotton“棉花”和动词grow“种植”是被动关系,被动语态结构为“be done”,排除选项C、D;且主语为第三人称单数,此处be动词应用is。故选A。
48.C
【解析】句意:我们家乡三年前建了一座3公里长的桥。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。build建造。has built现在完成时;is built一般现在时的被动语态;was built一般过去时的被动语态。题中主语“A 3-kilometer-long bridge”与动词build之间是动宾关系,此处用被动语态;结合时间状语“three years ago”可知是一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
49.D
【解析】句意:要制作飞机模型,使用什么工具?
考查动词短语。本题工具是主语,“use”是谓语动词,主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态,排除A和B。be used to do =be used for doing,横线后是动词原形。故选D。
50.D
【解析】句意:在唐朝,在长安的街道上几乎可以找到世界上所有的东西。
考查时态和语态。主语“nearly everything produced in the world”与动词find之间是动宾关系,此处表示能够被找到,结合“During the Tang dynasty”可知用过去式could表示“能够”,此处是含情态动词的被动语态,用could be found。故选D。
51.B
【解析】句意:汽车是什么时候被发明出来的?
考查一般过去时的被动语态。汽车发明的时间是发生在过去,故使用一般过去时,be动词用“was”;汽车是被发明的,故使用被动语态“be+V过去分词”。故选B。
52.D
【解析】句意:每一块石头都固定得很好,尽管古代的工人没有任何现代工具。
考查被动语态和从属连词辨析。fix固定;though/ although尽管; so因此。根据Each stone和fix可知,石头是被固定的,需用被动语态,用fixed;结合句意,每一块石头都固定得很好和古代的工人没有任何现代工具之间构成转折,用though/ although,故选D。
53.D
【解析】句意:我国每年发射一两颗人造卫星。
考查时态和语态。根据every year可知,时态为一般现在时,主语man-made satellites与谓语send up是被动关系,应用被动语态,结构为be done,主语为复数形式,be动词用are,send的过去分词为sent。故选D。
54.A
【解析】句意:每天,我们学校都有太多的水被浪费了。我们应该节约用水。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Every day”可知,句子应用一般现在时,主语为too much water,与动词waste之间存在被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是第三人称单数,be动词应用is,waste的过去分词为wasted。故选A。
55.C
【解析】句意:废纸和旧书都将被送到回收公司。
考查主谓一致和被动语态。“as well as”连接两个主语时,谓语动词的单复数遵循“就远原则”,即与前面的主语保持一致,这里前面的主语“the waste paper”是不可数名词,视为单数,所以谓语动词要用单数形式;又因为“废纸和旧书”是“被送到”回收公司,要用被动语态“be+过去分词”,“is going to”后接动词原形be,然后加上send的过去分词sent,构成“is going to be sent”。故选C。
56.A
【解析】句意:我们的电视机昨天被修好了。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“yesterday”可知,时态为一般过去时,主语是Our TV set,与谓语部分构成被动关系,所以此处填入was repaired,意为“被修”符合语境。故选A。
57.C
【解析】句意:这家餐馆的饺子味道很好,所以卖得很好。
考查被动语态中的主动表被动。根据“The dumplings in the restaurant …, so they …well.”可知,第一空是指饺子尝起来味道不错,taste为系动词,应用主动表被动,排除AB;第二空是指卖得很好,动词sell为不及物动词,应用主动表被动。故选C。
58.B
【解析】句意:今天,电脑真的有用。到处都使用电脑。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“They ... everywhere.”可知,they代指电脑,与动词use之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态be+动词的过去分词,由“Today, computers are really useful.”可知,句子是一般现在时态,主语是They,be用are。故选B。
59.A
【解析】句意:据说,这位著名的歌手下周将在我们城市举办一场音乐会。
考查固定搭配。“It’s said that…”是一个固定句型,表示“据说……”,其中“It”作为形式主语,后面接that从句,这是被动语态的结构;B选项“They say”虽然语法上可以,但通常更常见的说法是“People say that…”或者使用被动语态“It is said that…”,而“They say”中的“they”指代不明;“It said”则是过去式,根据“next week”可知这里谈论的是下周的演唱会,应该用一般现在时,所以C选项时态不对;D选项“He says”主语是单数,但上下文没有提到“他”,所以不合适。故选A。
60.B
【解析】句意:冬天山上总是覆盖着雪。它看起来更漂亮。
考查被动语态。cover with覆盖。根据题干“In winter the hill always ________snow.”可知,hill是动词cover的受动者,需用“be done”被动语态结构,可排除后两项。结合“It looks more beautiful.”是一般现在时,可知用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
61.C
【解析】句意:这些光盘卖得很好,很快就会卖完。
考查不及物动词和一般将来时的被动语态。sell主动表被动,第一空用动词原形sell:第二空表示被卖完,用be sold out。故选C。
62.C
【解析】句意:大本钟被认为是伦敦和英国的象征之一。
考查固定搭配。consider for考虑;think of想,思考;regard as视作,认为;treat as把……看做。主语Big Ben和谓语动词之间为被动be done,排除B/D,选项C“regard as视作,认为”符合语境。故选C。
63.D
【解析】句意:这家餐馆的蛋糕味道很好,所以卖得很好。
考查被动语态的用法。taste尝起来;sell卖。taste是系动词,没有被动形式,后面用形容词作表语;sell well表示物体本身的质量好而畅销,用主动表被动,也不能用被动语态。故选D。
64.C
【解析】句意:两年后,他被选为州长。
考查被动语态。主语和动词之间为被动关系,使用被动语态,此处指过去发生的事情,使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
65.B
【解析】句意:——他为什么在课堂上被罚站?——因为他的话让老师很生气。
考查使役动词的用法。angrily生气地(副词);angry生气的(形容词);happy快乐的(形容词);happily快乐地(副词)。make sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”,其被动语态是“sb. be made to do sth.”,表示“某人被迫做某事”,此处表示“被罚站”,应用被动语态“was made”,排除选项C和D;“make sb.+形容词”表示“让某人处于某种状态”,因此答语处应用形容词angry,作宾语补足语。故选B。
66.D
【解析】句意:我们举行毕业典礼的计划将在下次班会上讨论。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。was discussed一般过去时的被动语态;will discuss一般将来时主动语态;is discussed一般现在时的被动语态;will be discussed一般将来时的被动语态。根据题干可知,句子的主语是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态;再由in the next class meeting可知句子时态是一般将来时,一般将来时的被动语态结构为will be+过去分词,故答案选D。
67.C
【解析】句意:一篮子苹果的一半给小明,其余的给你。
考查一般现在时被动语态。根据情境可知,应该使用一般现在时;根据“Half of the full basket of apples”可知,主语为复数,且和“give”之间构成被动,故第一个空使用一般现在时的被动语态be done;根据情境可知,“the rest”为“剩余的苹果”,是复数,be动词用are。故选C。
68.C
【解析】句意:许多人认为埃及金字塔是外星人建的。
考查被动语态。the pyramids和build之间存在动宾关系,意为“金字塔被建”,一般过去时的被动语态的谓语结构是was/were done,the pyramids是复数,应用were built。故选C。
69.B
【解析】句意:我相信几年后那些山将被树木覆盖。
考查动词语态及时态辨析。are covered一般现在时被动语态;will be covered一般将来时被动语态;are covering现在进行时;will cover一般将来时。in a few years是一般将来时的标志词,题干时态为一般将来时;those mountains和cover是被动关系,即山是被树木覆盖,需用被动语态,结构为“be+过去分词”。故选B。
70.C
【解析】句意:在我国,红灯笼被看作是幸福和美好祝愿的象征。
考查谓语动词,see是动词,意为“看见。看作”。red lanterns红灯笼与动词see之间是被动关系,被动语态的结构为be+动词的过去分词。故选C。
71.D
【解析】句意:——乒乓球是中国人发明的吗?——不是。直到20世纪初中国人才开始打乒乓球。
考查时态和语态。分析句子可知,it指代table tennis,是动词play的承受者,需用be done被动语态结构,可排除AC两项;结合题干“It…in China until the start of the 20th century”,可知not…until符合语法语境。故选D。
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