/ 让教学更有效 英语学科
Unit 3 Same or Different？ 单词解析四
1.friendship (名词) 友谊、友情
[用法讲解] friendship常为不可数名词，但在指“多个友谊关系”时为可数名词。
Eg: Trust and loyalty are important aspects of friendship.
信任和忠诚是友谊的重要方面。
I have many friendships with my classmates.
我和我的同学们有很多友谊关系。
[派生词] friend为名词，译为“朋友”;
friendly为形容词，译为“友好的”。
Eg: We have many friends in this city.
在这个城市里我们有许多朋友。
People here are very friendly.
这的人很友好。
[即学即用]
They developed a deep __________ (friend) through shared experiences.
答案:friendship
2.metre (=meter) 米
[用法讲解] metre为可数名词，其复数形式为 meters.
Eg: The room is 5 meters long.
这个房间5米长。
[常见搭配] 数词 + meter(s) long/ wide/ high... ...米长/宽/高...
Eg: The river is 200 meters wide.
这条河200米宽。
[即学即用]
The mountain is about 2000_________(meter) high.
答案:meters
3.prince (名词)王子
[用法讲解] prince为可数名词，其复数形式为 princes.
Eg: The young prince will become king one day.
年轻的王子将来有一天会成为国王。
[即学即用]
The p______ rode at the head of his regiment.
答案:prince
4.character (名词)人物、个性
[用法讲解] character为可数名词，其复数形式为characters.
Eg: He has a friendly character.
他性格友好。
Who is the main character in the play
谁是这部戏的主角
[常见搭配] a lot of character 有个性
strong character 意志坚强
of good character品格高尚
Eg: He has a lot of character, which makes him stand out in the crowd.
他有很多个性，这使得他在人群中脱颖而出。
The boy has a strong character.
这个孩子意志坚强。
Mr. Bartman was a man of good character.
巴特曼先生品德高尚。
[即学即用]
All the places and ___________ (character) in my novel are fictitious.
答案:characters
5.pauper (名词) 贫民、乞丐
[用法讲解] pauper为可数名词，其复数形式为 paupers.
Eg: The King disguised himself in a pauper's clothes.
国王穿上贫民的衣服以掩盖身份。
[即学即用]
There are lots of________(pauper) on this street.
答案: paupers
6.exchange (动词/名词)交换
Eg: They exchanged gifts as a sign of friendship.
他们交换了礼物，以示友好。
You can exchange your foreign currency at the airport.
你可以在机场兑换外币。
[常见搭配] exchange A for B 用A换B
exchange sth. with sb.与某人交换某物
in exchange of sth. 以...交换
Eg: He exchanged his watch for a rare coin.
他用他的手表换一枚稀有的硬币。
They exchanged contact information with each other.
他们互相交换了联系方式。
The exchange of cultural values promotes mutual understanding.
文化交流促进了相互理解。
[即学即用]
他用他的票换了我的书。
He gave me his ticket_________________ my book.
答案: in exchange for
7.accident (名词)意外、(交通)事故
[用法讲解] accident为可数名词，其复数形式为accidents。
Eg: The factory had several industrial accidents last year.
该工厂去年发生了几起工伤事故。
[常见搭配] by accident 偶然、意外地
traffic accident交通事故
Eg: She found the missing keys by accident while cleaning the room.
她在打扫房间时偶然找到了丢失的钥匙。
Many traffic accidents occurred due to heavy snow.
由于大雪发生了多起交通事故。
[即学即用]
我们在机场不期而遇。
We met ______ _______ at the airport.
答案:by accident
8.expect (动词)预料、期待
Eg: She expects a promotion.
她期待升职。
I expect that the meeting will be short.
我预计会议会很简短。
[常见搭配] expect to do sth.预计做某事
expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事
Eg: They expect to finish the project by Friday.
他们预计周五前完成项目。
The teacher expects students to submit homework on time.
老师期望学生按时交作业。
[派生词] expectation为名词，译为“期待”。
Eg: The sales performance was beyond our expectations.
销售表远超预期。
[即学即用]
I expect ________ (see) you back here.
答案: to see
9.silver (形容词) 银色的;(名词) 银
Eg: She won a silver medal in the high jump.
她跳高得了银牌。
Silver is the most malleable of all metals.
银是所有金属中延展性最好的。
[常见搭配] silver lining一线光明
silver hair 银发
Eg: Every cloud has a silver lining.
乌云背后总有一线希望。
His silver hair gleamed in the sunlight.
他的银发在阳光下闪闪发光。
[知识拓展] gold为形容词时，译为“金的”，作为名词时，译为“金”;
bronze为形容词时，译为“铜的”，作为名词时，译为“铜”。
Eg: He won three golds and a bronze.
他获得三枚金牌和一枚铜牌。
[即学即用]
但是这里有一个重要的要考虑到的“好处”。
But there is a _________ _______ here that is important to consider.
答案:silver lining
10.situation (名词)情况、状况
[用法讲解] situation为可数名词，其复数形式为situations.
Eg: The current situation is very serious.
当前形式非常严峻。
She found herself in a difficult situation.
她发现自己处境艰难。
[常见搭配] in a situation 处于某种情况
take/ put sb. in a situation使某人处于某种情况或处境
Eg: She is in a difficult situation and needs our help.
她处境困难，需要我们的帮助。
The decision put him in a very awkward situation.
这个决定使他陷入了非常尴尬的境地。
[派生词] situate为动词，译为“位于某处”。
Eg: The museum is situated in the heart of the city.
博物馆位于市中心。
[即学即用]
It was a difficult__________ (situate), when you think about it.
答案: situation
11.care about 关心、担心
Eg: He doesn't care about anybody else.
他根本不关心别人。
[知识拓展] care可作动词，译为“关心、愿意”; care也可为名词，译为“关心、照顾、忧虑”。
[常见搭配] care for ...喜欢、关心或照顾
care about ... 关心、挂念
take care of... 照顾
Eg: She cares for her plants like they're her children.
她像照顾孩子一样照顾她的植物。
We should care about the environment.
我们应该关心环境。
Can you take care of my cat while I'm away
我离开的时候你能照顾一下我的猫吗
[派生词] careful为形容词，译为“小心的、仔细的、认真的”;
careless为形容词，译为“粗心的”
[常见搭配] be careful with ... 小心...
be careful in doing sth.做某事时要小心
be careful to do sth.小心做某事
Eg: Please be careful with your things.
请小心保管你的东西。
Be careful in crossing the street.
过马路时要小心。
He is careful to read every sentence.
他小心翼翼地读每一个句子。
She is so careless that she didn't pass the exam.
她如此粗心以至于没有通过考试。
[即学即用]
1.You'll have to be ________ (care) how you answer the question.
2.我对这事毫不介意。
I don't ________ ________ the matter.
答案:1.careful2. care about
12.reach (动词)伸手、达到
[用法讲解] reach作动词，还可译为“够得着、抵达、实现”。
Eg: She reached for the book on the top shelf.
她伸手去拿顶层架子上的那本书。
We reached the top of the mountain after three hours of climbing.
我们经过三小时的攀登，终于到山顶了。
Her work has reached a high level of excellence.
她的工作达到了很高的水平。
[常见搭配] within one's reach 在触手可及的范围内/可以实现
reach out to sb. 联系或向某人提供帮助
reach for 伸手触碰
Eg: The switch is just within your reach.
开关就在你的手边。
If you need help with the project, don't hesitate to reach out to me.
如果你需要项目方面的帮助，不要犹豫，主动联系我。
When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over.
当我转身去拿牛奶时，我差点把她撞倒了。
[即学即用]
( )When did Jim _______ the subway station
A.get B.reach C. arrive in D.reach to
答案:B
13.touch(动词)触动、触碰
[用法讲解] touch作动词，还可译为“影响、感动、达到”;touch还可作名词，译为“触觉、少量”。
Eg: Don't touch the hot stove.
不要触摸那个热炉子。
The speech touched the audience deeply.
这个演讲深深地感动了观众。
The temperature touched 30 degrees.
温度达到了30度。
The fabric has a soft touch.
这个布料有温柔的触感。
Add a touch of salt to the soup.
在汤里加一点盐。
[常见搭配] touch and go危险的、紧要关头的
keep in touch with sb.和某人保持联系
Eg: The situation was touch and go, but they managed to escape.
形势很紧急，但是他们设法逃脱。
He needed to keep in touch with her at all times.
他需要随时和她保持联系。
[派生词] touched为形容词，译为“被感动的”;
touching为形容词，译为“动人的”。
Eg: I was deeply touched by her kind words.
我被她善意的话深深感动了。
It was a touching story.
这是一个感人的故事。
[即学即用]
It was a ________ (touch) story that moved many of us to tears.
答案:touching
14.lend (sb.) a hand帮助(某人)
Eg: I will lend you a hand with the math problems.
我来帮你解数学题。
[用法详解] lend为动词，译为“借给”，其过去式为lent。
[常见搭配] lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物
[易混辨析] lend与borrow区别
lend通常表示“借出”，后面跟介词to，表示“借给某人”;
borrow通常表示“借入”，后面跟介词from，表示“从某人那里借”。
[常见搭配] borrow ... from sb.从某人那借
Eg: She lent me a book. = She lent a book to me.
她借给我一本书。
I borrowed a book from the library.
我从图书馆借了一本书。
[即学即用]
( )I need a book for my project. Can you_______ me yours
A.lend B. borrow C. borrow from D. lend from
答案:A
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共32张PPT)
Unit 3 Same or Different？
八年级
人教2025秋
上
单词解析四
1.friendship (名词) 友谊、友情
[用法讲解] friendship常为不可数名词，但在指“多个友谊关系”时为可数名词。
Eg: Trust and loyalty are important aspects of friendship.
信任和忠诚是友谊的重要方面。
I have many friendships with my classmates.
我和我的同学们有很多友谊关系。
[派生词] friend为名词，译为“朋友”;
friendly为形容词，译为“友好的”。
Eg: We have many friends in this city.
在这个城市里我们有许多朋友。
People here are very friendly.
这的人很友好。
[即学即用]
They developed a deep __________ (friend) through shared experiences.
friendship
2.metre (=meter) 米
[用法讲解] metre为可数名词，其复数形式为meters.
Eg: The room is 5 meters long.
这个房间5米长。
[常见搭配] 数词+ meter(s) long/ wide/ high... ...米长/宽/高...
Eg: The river is 200 meters wide.
这条河200米宽。
[即学即用]
The mountain is about 2000_________(meter) high.
meters
3.prince (名词)王子
[用法讲解] prince为可数名词，其复数形式为princes.
Eg: The young prince will become king one day.
年轻的王子将来有一天会成为国王。
[即学即用]
The p______ rode at the head of his regiment.
rince
4.character (名词)人物、个性
[用法讲解] character为可数名词，其复数形式为characters.
Eg: He has a friendly character.
他性格友好。
Who is the main character in the play
谁是这部戏的主角
[常见搭配] a lot of character 有个性
strong character意志坚强
of good character品格高尚
Eg: He has a lot of character, which makes him stand out in the crowd.
他有很多个性，这使得他在人群中脱颖而出。
The boy has a strong character.
这个孩子意志坚强。
Mr. Bartman was a man of good character.
巴特曼先生品德高尚。
[即学即用]
All the places and ___________ (character) in my novel are fictitious.
characters
5.pauper (名词) 贫民、乞丐
[用法讲解] pauper为可数名词，其复数形式为paupers.
Eg: The King disguised himself in a pauper's clothes.
国王穿上贫民的衣服以掩盖身份。
[即学即用]
There are lots of________(pauper) on this street.
paupers
6.exchange (动词/名词)交换
Eg: They exchanged gifts as a sign of friendship.
他们交换了礼物，以示友好。
You can exchange your foreign currency at the airport.
你可以在机场兑换外币。
[常见搭配]exchange A for B用A换B
exchange sth. with sb.与某人交换某物
in exchange of sth.以...交换
Eg: He exchanged his watch for a rare coin.
他用他的手表换一枚稀有的硬币。
They exchanged contact information with each other.
他们互相交换了联系方式。
The exchange of cultural values promotes mutual understanding.
文化交流促进了相互理解。
[即学即用]
他用他的票换了我的书。
He gave me his ticket_________________ my book.
in exchange for
7.accident (名词)意外、(交通)事故
[用法讲解] accident为可数名词，其复数形式为accidents。
Eg:Thefactory had several industrial accidents last year.
该工厂去年发生了几起工伤事故。
[常见搭配] by accident 偶然、意外地
traffic accident交通事故
Eg: She found the missing keys by accident while cleaning the room.
她在打扫房间时偶然找到了丢失的钥匙。
Many traffic accidents occurred due to heavy snow.
由于大雪发生了多起交通事故。
[即学即用]
我们在机场不期而遇。
We met ______ _______ at the airport.
by accident
8.expect (动词)预料、期待
Eg: She expects a promotion.
她期待升职。
I expect that the meeting will be short.
我预计会议会很简短。
[常见搭配] expect to do sth.预计做某事
expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事
Eg: They expect to finish the project by Friday.
他们预计周五前完成项目。
The teacher expects students to submit homework on time.
老师期望学生按时交作业。
[派生词] expectation为名词，译为“期待”。
Eg: The sales performance was beyond our expectations.
销售表远超预期。
[即学即用]
I expect ________ (see) you back here.
to see
9.silver (形容词) 银色的;(名词) 银
Eg: She won a silver medal in the high jump.
她跳高得了银牌。
Silver is the most malleable of all metals.
银是所有金属中延展性最好的。
[常见搭配] silver lining一线光明
silver hair银发
Eg: Every cloud has a silver lining.
乌云背后总有一线希望。
His silver hair gleamed in the sunlight.
他的银发在阳光下闪闪发光。
[知识拓展] gold为形容词时，译为“金的”，作为名词时，译为“金”;
bronze为形容词时，译为“铜的”，作为名词时，译为“铜”。
Eg: He won three golds and a bronze.
他获得三枚金牌和一枚铜牌。
[即学即用]
但是这里有一个重要的要考虑到的“好处”。
But there is a _________ _______ here that is important to consider.
silver lining
10.situation (名词)情况、状况
[用法讲解] situation为可数名词，其复数形式为situations.
Eg: The current situation is very serious.
当前形式非常严峻。
She found herself in a difficult situation.
她发现自己处境艰难。
[常见搭配]in a situation处于某种情况
take/ put sb. in a situation使某人处于某种情况或处境
Eg: She is in a difficult situation and needs our help.
她处境困难，需要我们的帮助。
The decision put him in a very awkward situation.
这个决定使他陷入了非常尴尬的境地。
[派生词] situate为动词，译为“位于某处”。
Eg: The museum is situated in the heart of the city.
博物馆位于市中心。
[即学即用]
It was a difficult__________ (situate), when you think about it.
situation
11.care about 关心、担心
Eg: He doesn't care about anybody else.
他根本不关心别人。
[知识拓展] care可作动词，译为“关心、愿意”; care也可为名词，译为“关心、照顾、忧虑”。
[常见搭配] care for ...喜欢、关心或照顾
care about ... 关心、挂念
take care of... 照顾
Eg: She cares for her plants like they're her children.
她像照顾孩子一样照顾她的植物。
We should care about the environment.
我们应该关心环境。
Can you take care of my cat while I'm away
我离开的时候你能照顾一下我的猫吗
[派生词] careful为形容词，译为“小心的、仔细的、认真的”;
careless为形容词，译为“粗心的”
[常见搭配]be careful with ... 小心...
be careful in doing sth.做某事时要小心
be careful to do sth.小心做某事
Eg: Please be careful with your things.
请小心保管你的东西。
Be careful in crossing the street.
过马路时要小心。
He is careful to read every sentence.
他小心翼翼地读每一个句子。
She is so careless that she didn't pass the exam.
她如此粗心以至于没有通过考试。
[即学即用]
1.You'll have to be ________ (care) how you answer the question.
2.我对这事毫不介意。
I don't ________ ________ the matter.
careful
care about
12.reach (动词)伸手、达到
[用法讲解]reach作动词，还可译为“够得着、抵达、实现”。
Eg: She reached for the book on the top shelf.
她伸手去拿顶层架子上的那本书。
We reached the top of the mountain after three hours of climbing.
我们经过三小时的攀登，终于到山顶了。
Her work has reached a high level of excellence.
她的工作达到了很高的水平。
[常见搭配]within one's reach在触手可及的范围内/可以实现
reach out to sb.联系或向某人提供帮助
reach for伸手触碰
Eg: The switch is just within your reach.
开关就在你的手边。
If you need help with the project, don't hesitate to reach out to me.
如果你需要项目方面的帮助，不要犹豫，主动联系我。
When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over.
当我转身去拿牛奶时，我差点把她撞倒了。
[即学即用]
( )When did Jim _______ the subway station
A.get B.reach C. arrive in D.reach to
B
13.touch(动词)触动、触碰
[用法讲解] touch作动词，还可译为“影响、感动、达到”;touch还可作名词，译为“触觉、少量”。
Eg: Don't touch the hot stove.
不要触摸那个热炉子。
The speech touched the audience deeply.
这个演讲深深地感动了观众。
The temperature touched 30 degrees.
温度达到了30度。
The fabric has a soft touch.
这个布料有温柔的触感。
Add a touch of salt to the soup.
在汤里加一点盐。
[常见搭配] touch and go危险的、紧要关头的
keep in touch with sb.和某人保持联系
Eg: The situation was touch and go, but they managed to escape.
形势很紧急，但是他们设法逃脱。
He needed to keep in touch with her at all times.
他需要随时和她保持联系。
[派生词] touched为形容词，译为“被感动的”;
touching为形容词，译为“动人的”。
Eg: I was deeply touched by her kind words.
我被她善意的话深深感动了。
It was a touching story.
这是一个感人的故事。
[即学即用]
It was a ________ (touch) story that moved many of us to tears.
touching
14.lend (sb.) a hand帮助(某人)
Eg: I will lend you a hand with the math problems.
我来帮你解数学题。
[用法详解] lend为动词，译为“借给”，其过去式为lent。
[常见搭配]lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物
[易混辨析] lend与borrow区别
lend通常表示“借出”，后面跟介词to，表示“借给某人”;
borrow通常表示“借入”，后面跟介词from，表示“从某人那里借”。
[常见搭配] borrow ... from sb.从某人那借
Eg: She lent me a book. = She lent a book to me.
她借给我一本书。
I borrowed a book from the library.
我从图书馆借了一本书。
[即学即用]
( )I need a book for my project. Can you_______ me yours
A.lend B. borrow C. borrow from D. lend from
A
Thanks!
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